
1. 學(xué)會(huì)談?wù)撟钕矏?ài)的慈善機(jī)構(gòu)。2. 掌握一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法。
知識(shí)點(diǎn)1 especially adv. 特別,尤其[歸納拓展] 辨析: especially與specially1. especially是副詞,意為“尤其,特別”,通常用來(lái)對(duì)前面所述的事件進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明或補(bǔ)充。如:This summer is very ht, especially tday.這個(gè)夏天很熱,特別是今天。(表示今天與前幾天天氣很不一樣)
2. specially也是副詞,意為“專門(mén)地,特意”,表示“不是為了別的,而只是為了……”,強(qiáng)調(diào)唯一目的。如:He came here specially t say srry t her.他特意來(lái)這里向她道歉。
[跟蹤訓(xùn)練]1. The by likes all the subjects, (especially, specially) English.?2. She returned t her hmetwn in May (especially, specially) t see her sick mther.?( )3. (2022·常州)The summer vacatin is cming. Dn’t swim in the lake, when yu are alne.?A. prbablyB. pssiblyC. especiallyD. exactly
知識(shí)點(diǎn)2 cure vt. 治愈[歸納拓展] 相關(guān)短語(yǔ): “cure sb. f +疾病”表示“治愈某人的疾病”; “a cure fr +疾病”表示“疾病的治愈方法”。注意: treat 強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)病人進(jìn)行診斷和治療的過(guò)程,但不表示醫(yī)療效果; cure 強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果,指治愈某種疾病或某人的疾病。[跟蹤訓(xùn)練]( ) The dctr says that my grandpa’s disease .?A. can be curedB. cureC. curedD. curing
知識(shí)點(diǎn)3 affrd vt. 買(mǎi)得起;能做[歸納拓展] affrd sth. 意為“負(fù)擔(dān)得起某物”; affrd t d sth.意為“負(fù)擔(dān)得起做某事”。affrd常與can、 culd、 be able t連用,一般用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句中。[跟蹤訓(xùn)練]( )The price f husing in Nanjing is s high that many peple can’t affrd a flat.?A. buyingB. t buyC. bughtD. buy
知識(shí)點(diǎn)4 prud adj. 自豪的,驕傲的[歸納拓展] 相關(guān)短語(yǔ): be prud f sth.為某事感到自豪/驕傲; be prud t d sth.為做某事而感到自豪/驕傲。prud后面也可接that從句。prud的名詞形式為pride,意為“驕傲”, take pride in相當(dāng)于be prud f,意為“為……而感到驕傲”。[跟蹤訓(xùn)練]( )We are that the Great Wall is ne f the wnders f the wrld.?A. friendlyB. braveC. nervusD. prud
知識(shí)點(diǎn)5 develp vi. & vt. 發(fā)展;加強(qiáng)[歸納拓展] develp是動(dòng)詞,意為“發(fā)展;加強(qiáng)”,如: develp quickly發(fā)展很快。 develpment是名詞,意為“發(fā)展”,如: with the develpment f 隨著……的發(fā)展。 develped是形容詞,意為“發(fā)達(dá)的”,如: a develped cuntry一個(gè)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家。 develping是形容詞,意為“發(fā)展中的”,如: a develping cuntry一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家。[跟蹤訓(xùn)練]( )As the stry , the secret f the castle is discvered little by little.A. endsB. beginsC. develpsD. happens
知識(shí)點(diǎn)6 hld vt. 舉行[歸納拓展] hld的過(guò)去式為held,過(guò)去分詞為held,后面直接跟賓語(yǔ)。意為“舉行”, hld a party舉行聚會(huì);意為“拿著,抓住”, hld sme bks拿著一些書(shū);意為“容納,裝得下”, hld fifty peple容納50人;意為“(使)保持……”, hld ne’s breath屏住呼吸。
[跟蹤訓(xùn)練]( ) — Hw wnderful the schl cncertis! I wnder if ur schl will it next year.?— Sure. It’s ur schl’s traditin!A. hldB. getC. makeD. allw
知識(shí)點(diǎn)7 set up 建起,設(shè)立[歸納拓展] set up后面直接跟賓語(yǔ),但代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)只能放在兩詞中間。set是動(dòng)詞,過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞都為set。 set ff 出發(fā),動(dòng)身; set ut 出發(fā),開(kāi)始工作。辨析: set up與build1. set up表示創(chuàng)建組織、機(jī)構(gòu)、公司、學(xué)校等。set up a schl創(chuàng)辦一所學(xué)校。2. build指具體建造或制作某物。build a schl建造一所學(xué)校。
[跟蹤訓(xùn)練]( )Later, the 22-year-ld student at a university in Wuhan decided t ?a special website fr kids.?A. set upB. set utC. set ffD. set dwn
知識(shí)點(diǎn)8 rganize = rganise vt. 組織[歸納拓展] rganize的名詞形式為 rganizatin,類似這樣的名詞有invite—invitatin等。[跟蹤訓(xùn)練]他們將組織一個(gè)讀書(shū)俱樂(lè)部。They a Reading Club.?
will/are ging t rganize/rganise
知識(shí)點(diǎn)9 Yu have sme pcket mney left. 你剩了些零花錢(qián)。[歸納拓展] “Sb. has sth. left.”意為“某人剩下某物”; “There is sth./sb. left.”意為“剩下某物/某人”。[跟蹤訓(xùn)練]我餓了。你還剩下什么吃的嗎?I’m hungry. D yu ??
have anything left t eat
知識(shí)點(diǎn)10 But mre mney is needed t carry n with ur wrk. 但是需要更多的錢(qián)來(lái)繼續(xù)我們的工作。[歸納拓展] carry n意為“繼續(xù)做;堅(jiān)持干”,相當(dāng)于cntinue/g n。carry n with sth. = carry n ding sth. = g n ding sth. = cntinue ding sth. 意為“繼續(xù)干某事;堅(jiān)持做某事”。[跟蹤訓(xùn)練]我們寧愿把這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行下去,而不愿放棄它。We wuld rather with this experiment than give it up.?
知識(shí)點(diǎn)11 What’s the matter? 怎么了?[歸納拓展] 固定句型“What’s the matter (with ...)?”意為“(……)怎么了?”,用來(lái)詢問(wèn)某人身體是否舒服、遇到什么麻煩等,指對(duì)某人某事的關(guān)心。同義句為“What’s wrng (with ...)?”或“What happened (t ...)?”。matter為名詞,意為“事情,問(wèn)題”。相關(guān)短語(yǔ): n matter沒(méi)關(guān)系,不要緊; n matter hw不管怎樣; n matter what 不管什么。matter作動(dòng)詞時(shí),意為“要緊,有重大影響”,如: “It desn’t matter.”意為“沒(méi)關(guān)系”。
[跟蹤訓(xùn)練]( ) — What’s the ??— My watch has gne missing.A. thingB. wrngC. matterD. it
知識(shí)點(diǎn)12 she made up her mind t train as a nurse and attended curses after wrk. ……于是她決定接受護(hù)士培訓(xùn),并在下班后去上課。[歸納拓展]1. make up ne’s mind t d sth. 意為“下定決心做某事”,相當(dāng)于decide t d sth.。2. attend意為“參加”。相關(guān)短語(yǔ): attend a meeting 參加一場(chǎng)會(huì)議; attend schl 去上學(xué); attend curses 上課。
[跟蹤訓(xùn)練]( )1. She made up her mind hard next term.?A. wrkingB. t wrkC. t wrkingD. wrk( )2. Our children the same schl.?A. gB. has attendedC. has gneD. attend
知識(shí)點(diǎn)13 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)[歸納拓展]1. 概念:當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)的執(zhí)行者時(shí),用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)的承受者時(shí),用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。2. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成: 動(dòng)作的承受者(主語(yǔ))+ be動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞(+ by +動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者)。
3. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法:(1) 當(dāng)不知道或者沒(méi)有必要說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí),則須用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如:Much mney and many daily things were sent 2 days ag. 許多錢(qián)和日常用品兩天前就寄出去了。(2) 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者,如果想同時(shí)指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者,可用“by +動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者”來(lái)表示。如:I was frightened by the nise.我被那響聲嚇壞了。
4. 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法:(1) 把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ);(2) 把謂語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)(be動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞);(3) 把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)放在介詞by后作賓語(yǔ)。如:Hunters killed many tigers.= Many tigers were killed by hunters.獵人殺了許多老虎。
5. 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)不能轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的3種情況:(1) 當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)是表示狀態(tài)的及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。這樣的及物動(dòng)詞有have、 becme、 cst、 reach、 arrive等。(2) 當(dāng)及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)為反身代詞、相互代詞、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、同源賓語(yǔ)時(shí),都沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如:The twins taught themselves Chinese.這對(duì)雙胞胎自學(xué)中文。(3) take place、 cme ut、 break dwn等特殊動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
[跟蹤訓(xùn)練]( )1. (2023·徐州)The Mnkey King is a traditinal Chinese character. It by peple f all ages.?A. is lvedB. was lvedC. will lveD. is lving( )2. (2023·鎮(zhèn)江)When I was a pupil, sme f my pcket mney ?t buy cmic bks.?A. useB. is usedC. usedD. was used
一、 詞匯。A. 根據(jù)句意和漢語(yǔ)提示寫(xiě)出單詞,完成句子。1. I’ve always wanted t g n a wnderful hliday. But I can’t it.(付得起)?2. (2023·宿遷市泗洪縣模擬)The dctr is kind enugh t all his in the hspital.(病人)?3. The charity wrks fr the equal f wmen.(權(quán)利)?4. In rder t prevent the terrible news frm further, we shuld keep silent.(擴(kuò)散)?5. (2023·宿遷)— What des UNICEF d fr children in pr areas?— It prvides basic fr them.(教育)
B. 根據(jù)句意用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. I ught t have read the instructins befre I this rbt sweeper.(peratin)?2. (2022·無(wú)錫)Yu t be mre rganized in high schl. S yu can keep a diary.(expect)?3. Because f clur , Tm can’t jin the army.(blind)?4. Many peple cme t the English crner, sme freigners frm the UK and the US.(include)?5. — Has yur sick pet dg been cured yet?— Nt yet. It is still under .(treat)?
are expected
二、 單項(xiàng)選擇。( )1. The car is quite small, if yu have children.?A. hardlyB. nearlyC. reallyD. especially( )2. — What d peple in the quake-hit area need mst?— Fd, fresh water and care.?A. medicalB. musicalC. physicalD. magical
( )3. — What d yu plan t buy?— I haven’t my mind. I’ll just lk arund first.?A. lked upB. put upC. shwn upD. made up( )4. The rganizatin has been greatly helping keep wrld peace. As a Chinese, I am it.?A. take pride inB. prud fC. full fD. knwn fr
( )5. — Oh, yu lk unhappy tday. What’s up?— The bk I want well. There is nne left in the bkstre.?A. t sellB. sellC. sellsD. is sld( )6. (2023·揚(yáng)州)Sand turns t glass when it by lightning.?A. hitsB. is hitC. is hittingD. will be hit
( )7. My cusin Tm vlunteers in the children’s hme. His jb is t ?fd and clthes.?A. sell utB. wrk utC. hand utD. find ut( )8. — What d yu need t yur wrk??— All I need is enugh supprt frm my family and friends.A. bring utB. carry n withC. slveD. cme up with
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