北京市朝陽(yáng)區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題 Word版含解析-試卷下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

2024.11
(考試時(shí)間90分鐘滿(mǎn)分100分)
本試卷共10頁(yè)?？忌鷦?wù)必在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答，在試卷上作答無(wú)效。
第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用 (共兩節(jié)，30分)
第一節(jié) (共10小題; 每小題1.5分, 共15分)
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
My 10-year-ld sn Egbert was a picky eater - he nly ate chicken nuggets and ygurt - and unwilling t try new things. Accrding t him, it’s because he has phbias, including heights and the dark. I was hping t find a way t ____1____ him withut using ld sayings like “If yu dn’t try it, yu’ll never knw if yu like it.” S befre ur skiing trip t Ls Angeles, I ___2___ a rule: we wuld say yes t everything, including new fds and experiences.
We said yes frm the beginning f ur trip. At the airprt café, Egbert began by trying new fds like vegetable meatballs. ___3___, he rated it as “nt bad”. The next day in the snwbarding schl, despite the fear f heights, Egbert challenged himself t learn hw t ride a chairlift. After skiing, we were bth cld and wet, and Egbert suggested the utdr ht tub (浴缸). Thugh it wuld be a cmpletely new experience fr us, I ___4___ it tgether with him and the experience prved t be a delight. I felt ___5___ f myself fr trying smething new.
On ur summer hlidays, we cntinued the ___6___ f saying yes. At the cmpetitin in Cdy, Wyming, neither f my sn and I ___7___ when we were invited nt the field t jin in the hrse racing. Thugh we came back withut prizes, we were bth laughing, sweaty and ___8___. I knw it’s a mment we’ll never frget.
Therein lies the ___9___ f saying yes n vacatin: it pushes us ut f ur cmfrt zne, thugh it’s nt always pssible t say yes t everything in ur daily life. Develping a sense f ____10____ helps us live life t the fullest - even if we smetimes wind up cld and wet.
1. A. warnB. awardC. rderD. encurage
2. A. brkeB. setC. changedD. remembered
3. A. StrangelyB. ClearlyC. UndubtedlyD. Surprisingly
4. A. bravedB. adjustedC. missedD. discussed
5. A. afraidB. prudC. nervusD. respectful
6. A. traditinB. lessnC. trendD. celebratin
7. A. caredB. agreedC. panickedD. hesitated
8. A. puzzledB. tuchedC. excitedD. disappinted
9. A. riskB. beautyC. cstD. duty
10. A. devtinB. identityC. adventureD. happiness
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者為了鼓勵(lì)兒子嘗試新事物，在一次滑雪旅行中制定了一個(gè)“對(duì)一切說(shuō)‘是’”的規(guī)則，并通過(guò)親身體驗(yàn)來(lái)激勵(lì)兒子克服恐懼和嘗試新事物的故事。
【1題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我希望能找到一個(gè)方法來(lái)鼓勵(lì)他，而不是使用像“如果你不嘗試，你永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)知道你是否會(huì)喜歡它”這樣的老話(huà)。A. warn警告；B. award獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；C. rder命令；D. encurage鼓勵(lì)。根據(jù)上文“My 10-year-ld sn Egbert was a picky eater - he nly ate chicken nuggets and ygurt - and unwilling t try new things. (我的10歲兒子Egbert是個(gè)挑食者——他只吃雞塊和酸奶——而且不愿意嘗試新事物。)”可知，作者希望找到一種方法來(lái)激勵(lì)兒子嘗試新事物。故選D。
【2題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，在我們?nèi)ヂ迳即壔┲?，我設(shè)定了一個(gè)規(guī)則：我們會(huì)對(duì)一切說(shuō)“是”，包括新食物和新體驗(yàn)。A. brke打破；B. set設(shè)定；C. changed改變；D. remembered記住。根據(jù)下文“a rule: we wuld say yes t everything”可知，作者設(shè)定了一個(gè)規(guī)則。故選B。
【3題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：令人驚訝的是，他評(píng)價(jià)說(shuō)“還不錯(cuò)”。A. Strangely奇怪地；B. Clearly清楚地；C. Undubtedly毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)地；D. Surprisingly令人驚訝地。根據(jù)下文“he rated it as “nt bad””可知，挑剔的兒子嘗試新食物后的反應(yīng)令人吃驚。故選D。
【4題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然這將是我們完全新體驗(yàn)，但我還是和他一起嘗試了，并且這次經(jīng)歷證明是非常愉快的。A. braved勇敢地面對(duì)；B. adjusted調(diào)整；C. missed錯(cuò)過(guò)；D. discussed討論。根據(jù)下文“the experience prved t be a delight.”可知，作者和兒子勇敢地面對(duì)嘗試新事物。故選A。
【5題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我為自己嘗試新事物感到自豪。A. afraid害怕的；B. prud自豪的；C. nervus緊張的；D. respectful尊敬的。根據(jù)下文“f myself fr trying smething new.”可知，作者對(duì)自己嘗試新事物感到自豪，be prud f“因……而自豪”。故選B。
【6題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在我們的暑假中，我們繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持說(shuō)“是”的傳統(tǒng)。A. traditin傳統(tǒng)；B. lessn教訓(xùn)；C. trend趨勢(shì)；D. celebratin慶祝。根據(jù)上文“We said yes frm the beginning f ur trip.”可知，作者和兒子把說(shuō)“是”變成一種傳統(tǒng)。故選A。
【7題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在懷俄明州科迪的比賽場(chǎng)上，當(dāng)被邀請(qǐng)加入騎馬比賽時(shí)，我和兒子都沒(méi)有猶豫。A. cared關(guān)心；B. agreed同意；C. panicked驚慌；D. hesitated猶豫。根據(jù)上文“we cntinued the ___6___ f saying yes”可知，作者和兒子繼續(xù)嘗試新事物，沒(méi)有猶豫就接受了騎馬比賽的邀請(qǐng)。故選D。
【8題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我們沒(méi)有贏得獎(jiǎng)品，但我們都在笑，滿(mǎn)身大汗，非常興奮。A. puzzled困惑的；B. tuched感動(dòng)的；C. excited興奮的；D. disappinted失望的。根據(jù)上文“we were bth laughing, sweaty”可知，他們玩得很開(kāi)心，感覺(jué)很興奮。故選C。
【9題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這就是在度假時(shí)說(shuō)“是”的美麗之處：它將我們推出舒適區(qū)，盡管并不是總能對(duì)日常生活中一切都說(shuō)“是”。A. risk冒險(xiǎn)；B. beauty美好；C. cst成本；D. duty職責(zé)。根據(jù)下文“it pushes us ut f ur cmfrt zne, thugh it’s nt always pssible t say yes t everything in ur daily life.”可知，這里指的是說(shuō)“是”的美好之處。故選B。
【10題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：培養(yǎng)一種冒險(xiǎn)精神有助于我們充分體驗(yàn)生活——即使有時(shí)我們會(huì)又冷又濕。A. devtin奉獻(xiàn)；B. identity身份；C. adventure冒險(xiǎn)；D. happiness幸福。結(jié)合全文，文章主要講作者鼓勵(lì)兒子嘗試新事物，培養(yǎng)他敢于冒險(xiǎn)的精神。故選C。
第二節(jié) (共10小題; 每小題1.5分, 共15分)
A
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。
The Chinese delegatin (代表團(tuán)) cncluded the 2024 Paris Olympics with a remarkable achievement f 40 gld medals. 404 athletes ____11____ participated in 232 events acrss 30 sprts wn a ttal f 91 medals. This represents a ____12____ (significance) breakthrugh — Chinese athletes have demnstrated huge ptential in sprts where we have been late starters, while hlding the leading psitin in events such as diving and table tennis. The Paris Olympics prvided a glbal platfrm fr China ____13____ (shw) its sprtsmanship, cnfidence and penness.
【答案】11. wh
12. significant
13. t shw
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了中國(guó)代表團(tuán)在2024年巴黎奧運(yùn)會(huì)上的優(yōu)異表現(xiàn)和成就。
【11題詳解】
考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：404名運(yùn)動(dòng)員參加了30個(gè)大項(xiàng)中的232個(gè)小項(xiàng)比賽，共獲得了91枚獎(jiǎng)牌?？仗幰龑?dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞athletes。先行詞指人，且關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，所以用關(guān)系代詞wh引導(dǎo)該從句。故填wh。
【12題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：這代表了一個(gè)重要的突破——中國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng)員在我們起步較晚的項(xiàng)目中展現(xiàn)了巨大的潛力，同時(shí)在跳水和乒乓球等項(xiàng)目中保持領(lǐng)先地位。空處需要形容詞修飾后面的名詞作定語(yǔ)。significance的形容詞形式為significant“重要的”。故填significant。
【13題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：巴黎奧運(yùn)會(huì)為中國(guó)提供了一個(gè)向世界展示其體育精神、自信和開(kāi)放的全球平臺(tái)。prvide a platfrm fr sb. t d sth.“為某人提供做某事的平臺(tái)”，不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。故填t shw。
B
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。
Recently, I attended a high schl reunin. As I walked int the rm, a rush f emtins vercame me. Faces that I hadn’t seen in years ____14____ (smile) back at me. Memries f carefree days in ur yuth flded back. We recalled the classes, the sprts events and the tricks. ____15____ that wnderful evening, we talked abut ur dreams we had at that time and ____16____ life had unflded since. We recnnected with ld friends, ____17____ (realize) that the bnds f high schl still held strng.
【答案】14. were smiling
15. On 16. hw
17. realizing
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者參加高中同學(xué)聚會(huì)時(shí)回憶起青春歲月，與老友重聚的情景。
【14題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：多年未見(jiàn)的面孔對(duì)我微笑。根據(jù)As I walked int the rm可知，空處描述過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，句子主語(yǔ)Faces為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，be動(dòng)詞用were。故填were smiling。
【15題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：在那個(gè)美好的晚上，我們談?wù)摿水?dāng)時(shí)的夢(mèng)想以及自那以后生活是如何展開(kāi)的。表示具體某一天的晚上，應(yīng)用介詞n，位于句首首字母大寫(xiě)。故填On。
【16題詳解】
考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意同上?？仗幰龑?dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，應(yīng)用連接副詞hw“如何，怎樣”表達(dá)“生活是如何展開(kāi)”，在賓語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)。故填hw。
【17題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：我們與老朋友重新建立了聯(lián)系，意識(shí)到高中的紐帶依然堅(jiān)固?？仗幵诰渲凶鞣侵^語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞realize與句子主語(yǔ)We構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的形式作狀語(yǔ)。故填realizing。
C
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。
Nw hundreds f Baidu’s Apll G rbtaxis are perating n the streets f Wuhan, Hubei prvince. These vehicles, ____18____(equip) with Baidu’s latest technlgy t keep safe, have becme ppular. Peple are attracted by the cmpetitive price ffers and gd service. And new jb ____19____(pprtunity) will cme with the rising demand fr rbtaxis, such as cleaning and repairing. Hwever, rbtaxis have als raised peple’s cncerns. Thus, mre effrts____20____(require) t enhance self-driving testing and related technlgy.
【答案】18. equipped
19. pprtunities
20. are required
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文，數(shù)百輛百度的Apll G機(jī)器人出租車(chē)在湖北武漢的街道上運(yùn)行，這些車(chē)輛受到了廣泛歡迎，但是它們的出現(xiàn)也引起了人們的擔(dān)憂(yōu)。
【18題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：這些裝備了百度最新的安全技術(shù)的車(chē)輛已經(jīng)變得很受歡迎。句子的謂語(yǔ)為have becme，空為非謂語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，vehicles與equip構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞。故填equipped。
【19題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：新的工作機(jī)會(huì)將隨著對(duì)機(jī)器人出租車(chē)（如清潔和修理）需求的增加而出現(xiàn)。pprtunity為可數(shù)名詞，空處作主語(yǔ)，用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式表示泛指。故填pprtunities。
【20題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：因此，需要更多的努力來(lái)加強(qiáng)自動(dòng)駕駛測(cè)試和相關(guān)技術(shù)?？仗幾髦^語(yǔ)，effrts與require構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，句子描述客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)。故填are required。
第二部分閱讀理解 (共兩節(jié)，38分)
第一節(jié) (共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A
Disinfrmatin, which is false infrmatin spread n purpse, has becme a cause f cncern recently. In respnse t this rising glbal threat, the United Natins Infrmatin Centre (UNIC) Canberra and its partners will be rganizing a tw-day cnference, DISINFO PACIFIC, n Nvember 11 and 12, 2024.
The cnference will fcus n strategies fr preventing and reducing disinfrmatin, as well as applying best practices t address this glbal challenge. It aims t prvide a frum (論壇) fr jurnalists, scial media experts, educatrs, researchers, plicy-makers and cmmunicatins prfessinals, frm within and utside the UN.
Currently, we are in search f scial media vlunteers t prvide nline assistance fr this cnference.
Requirements:
· Outstanding ral and written cmmunicatin skills
· Prfessinal graphic (繪圖的) design experience
· Prir invlvement in designing dcument layuts
· In-depth familiarity with graphic design apps
· Wrking knwledge f the English language
Nte: A degree in graphic design r a related field is cnsidered a plus.
Respnsibilities:
· Develping a cmprehensive scial media release plan
· Assisting in chsing the right types f media and updating cnference infrmatin n a daily basis
· Wrking tgether with ur cmmunicatins team t create scial media activities accrding t agreed requirements
· Develping a series f scial media resurces nce the final cncept is agreed upn, with a particular fcus n a yuth (university level) student audience
Jin us nw as a scial media vlunteer and help build a future with less disinfrmatin. Yu will als have the pprtunity t build cnnectins with the UNIC Canberra and its partners and learn abut the ways in which scial media cmmunicatin can supprt the prmtin f a cnference centering n disinfrmatin.
Find ut mre at
21. Accrding t the passage, vlunteers shuld .
A. hld a degree in graphic design
B. be able t develp graphic design apps
C. have a great cmmunicative cmpetence
D. be as fluent in English as native speakers
22. If selected, vlunteers will .
A. release a UNIC wrk planB. help design scial media activities
C. evaluate the final cnceptD. prvide weekly media updates
23. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T prmte a cnference.B. T seek nline vlunteers.
C. T highlight a glbal threat.D. T intrduce an rganizatin.
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了聯(lián)合國(guó)信息中心堪培拉分部組織的DISINFO PACIFIC會(huì)議，招募社交媒體志愿者的要求和職責(zé)。
【21題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Requirements:部分“Outstanding ral and written cmmunicatin skills(出色的口頭和書(shū)面溝通技巧)”可知，志愿者應(yīng)具備良好的溝通能力。故選C。
【22題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Respnsibilities:部分“Wrking tgether with ur cmmunicatins team t create scial media activities accrding t agreed requirements(與我們的通訊團(tuán)隊(duì)合作，根據(jù)商定的要求創(chuàng)建社交媒體活動(dòng))”可知，志愿者將會(huì)幫助設(shè)計(jì)社交媒體活動(dòng)。故選B。
【23題詳解】
推理判斷題。結(jié)合全文及文章第三段“Currently, we are in search f scial media vlunteers t prvide nline assistance fr this cnference.(目前，我們正在尋找社交媒體志愿者，為此次會(huì)議提供在線(xiàn)支持)”可知，本篇文章的主要目的是為DISINFO PACIFIC會(huì)議招募在線(xiàn)志愿者。故選B。
B
I’m walking arund the huse with a severe limp (跛行) and actively secnd-guessing every decisin I’ ve ever made That can nly mean ne thing: I just ran my ne race fr the year.
The 7-mile race is in my hmetwn in Illinis, and I’ ve been ding it almst every year since I was a 12-year-ld by. I reached my peak abut 15 years ag and have been perfrming prly ever since.
Why d I keep ging if I n lnger enjy it and am getting wrse every year? Traditin, mstly. Besides, I dn’t dislike the whle race, just the running part. I like seeing all the running club members I’ ve knwn since childhd, and I lve the free beer afterward. Running is just a minr blck n the way t the gd stuff.
That day, I was accmpanied t the race by a grup f three extremely in-shape peple. We all live in the same Indianaplis suburb. These guys bike and run cuntless miles, ften in the same day. One has dne dzens f Spartan Races, which require the player t crawl thrugh mud, flip tires and thrw spears. Anther is training fr a triathln (三項(xiàng)全能運(yùn)動(dòng)). In additin t being faster than me n ft, in the water and n wheels, he can als utlift me.
I didn’t hld much hpe fr the race— n ne puts less pressure n me than me. Between miles 4 and 5, I felt s gd that I wndered why I nly d this nce a year. Then I hit mile 6, and my bdy warned me. I pushed myself until I had a mile left, at which pint my legs decided they were dne. Determinatin and a can-d attitude are n match fr gravity and distance. Exhausted, I slwly made my way t the finishing line.
Still, I can hnestly say I gave everything I had. My slw, pldding (步履艱難的) finish was actually a victry that prves I gave it my all. I dn’t need a huge cup t hnr my heric perfrmance. My aching knee is enugh f a suvenir.
A day later, even as my entire bdy tells me I’m an idit, I can’t help but feel that the race was a success. I’ve decided t keep ding this race as lng as my legs can supprt me.
24. The authr ran the race because .
A. he wanted t keep the ld custmB. he wanted t cmpete with friends
C. he intended t build up his bdyD. he enjyed lng-distance running
25. Why did the authr mentin the in-shape peple?
A. T give his reasn fr lw self-expectatin.
B. T shw his envy f their athletic abilities.
C. T emphasize his strng will t win the race.
D. T express his cnfidence in finishing the race.
26. What d we knw abut the authr during the race?
A. He struggled frm beginning t end.
B. He brke his leg at the finishing line.
C. He experienced pressure frm himself.
D. He pushed himself t the limits t make it.
27. Hw did the authr feel after the race?
A. Surprised.B. Satisfied.C. Regretful.D. Grateful.
【答案】24. A 25. A 26. D 27. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者自己堅(jiān)持參加每年在家鄉(xiāng)舉辦的7英里賽跑的經(jīng)歷，盡管跑步過(guò)程艱難且成績(jī)不佳，但因傳統(tǒng)、賽后社交及免費(fèi)啤酒等因素，他依然視其為一種樂(lè)趣并決定繼續(xù)參加。
【24題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Why d I keep ging if I n lnger enjy it and am getting wrse every year? Traditin, mstly.( 如果我不再喜歡它，而且成績(jī)一年比一年差，我為什么還要繼續(xù)下去呢？主要是，傳統(tǒng)。)”可知，作者參加比賽是因?yàn)樗氡３峙f習(xí)俗。故選A。
【25題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“These guys bike and run cuntless miles, ften in the same day. One has dne dzens f Spartan Races, which require the player t crawl thrugh mud, flip tires and thrw spears. Anther is training fr a triathln (三項(xiàng)全能運(yùn)動(dòng)). In additin t being faster than me n ft, in the water and n wheels, he can als utlift me.( 這些人日復(fù)一日地騎行和跑步，里程數(shù)多達(dá)數(shù)百公里。其中一人已經(jīng)完成了數(shù)十場(chǎng)斯巴達(dá)勇士賽，這些比賽要求參賽者穿越泥潭，翻轉(zhuǎn)輪胎和投擲長(zhǎng)矛。還有一個(gè)人正在為一場(chǎng)鐵人三項(xiàng)賽做準(zhǔn)備。除了在陸地、水域和騎行方面比我跑得快，他還能比我舉得更重。)”可知，作者描述了這些人與他的不同之處，比如他們騎行和跑步的距離更長(zhǎng)，參加過(guò)斯巴達(dá)比賽，訓(xùn)練鐵人三項(xiàng)等，這些都表明他們比作者更有運(yùn)動(dòng)能力。因此，作者提到這些人是為了給自己的低期望找到合理的解釋。故選A。
【26題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“Then I hit mile 6, and my bdy warned me. I pushed myself until I had a mile left, at which pint my legs decided they were dne.(當(dāng)我跑到6英里時(shí)，我的身體發(fā)出了警告。我逼著自己，直到我還剩一英里，這時(shí)我的腿覺(jué)得不行了。)”以及“Determinatin and a can-d attitude are n match fr gravity and distance. Exhausted, I slwly made my way t the finishing line.(決心和“我能行”的態(tài)度戰(zhàn)勝不了重力和距離。我筋疲力盡，慢慢地向終點(diǎn)線(xiàn)走去。)”可知，作者拼盡全力完成比賽，直到最后一英里腿已經(jīng)無(wú)法再跑下去，因此可以得知作者在比賽中竭盡全力。故選D。
【27題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“My slw, pldding (步履艱難的) finish was actually a victry that prves I gave it my all. I dn’t need a huge cup t hnr my heric perfrmance. My aching knee is enugh f a suvenir.( 我緩慢、步履艱難的完賽實(shí)際上是一場(chǎng)勝利，證明了我付出了我的一切。我不需要一個(gè)巨大的杯子來(lái)紀(jì)念我的英雄事跡。我疼痛的膝蓋足以作為紀(jì)念。)”可知，盡管作者身體疼痛，但作者仍然認(rèn)為比賽是成功的，因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)竭盡全力，故推斷作者在比賽結(jié)束后是十分滿(mǎn)意的。故選B。
C
A species can be termed temprarily “l(fā)st” after nt being sighted fr a decade, but researchers still hpe t find it again eventually. In 2023, that hpe led t the rediscvery f Attenbrugh’s echidna, unseen fr half a century. Inspired, Thmas Evans and his team have created a database f 856 lst and 424 rediscvered species.
The database keeps grwing faster than explrers can keep up with, despite increasingly advanced technlgies fr tracing unseen creatures reaching an expertise level. The study indicates many rediscvered species appear t fllw a rather similar trend: they are big, appealing mammals r birds tending t live near humans and in mre-develped cuntries. Thus, Evans says if an animal is up t snuff but cntinues t be ut f researchers’ sight after lng searches, it’s prbably gne frever. On the cntrary, animals that dn’t exhibit the pattern fr easy rediscvery are very much alive ut there. “Because they are generally difficult t cme acrss and are therefre met with less explratry attentin, in mst cases, small, unattractive species are mre likely t be seemingly extinct but still alive,” Evans says.
Evans hpes such details will help cnservatinists like Christina Biggs, wh has been drawing upn a list f 25 “mst wanted” species fr Texas-based charity Re: wild since 2017. “Currenuly, Re: wild is finalizing its 2024 search lists, using the study’s results. We have t make hard decisins n where t put ur mney, and Evans’s research helps t direct us,” says Biggs.
But is it always in a lst species’ best interest t be fund? After a rediscvery, it can take mnths t secure an area frm hunters r turists. “In publicizing smething yu’ve rediscvered, yu’re publicizing a fd surce fr hunters,” says bilgist James Kemptn. Biggs ntes, hwever, rediscveries ften strengthen prtectin effrts. When a species is rediscvered, prtected areas will be made pssible. Biggs adds that fr sme hard- t-find species, researchers culd use Evans’s study t decide if a creature is likely still alive — and then draw brad prtected areas arund its general regin, where ther endangered species als live, rather than send pssibly fruitless explrers t the area t prve the animal’s existence.
Beynd the scientific gains, searching fr lst species plays a crucial rle in understanding and prtecting ur wrld. Once, the Yngsu Sapari cmmunity used Attenbrugh’s echidnas as a peace tl t settle arguments. “If brthers fught, they had t find an Attenbrugh’s echidna, a slutin that is increasingly difficult,” Biggs says. “S, everything is cnnected. Every species behaves in an ecsystem and fulfills a purpse.”
28. What des the underlined phrase “is up t snuff” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. Fits the prfile.B. Adapts well.
C. Breaks the habit.D. Grws mature.
29. What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. Technlgy has reduced the number f missing species.
B. Publicizing rediscvery secures the future f lst species.
C. Larger animals face a higher extinctin risk than smaller nes.
D. Animals neighbring humans receive mre attentin in searches.
30. What might Christina Biggs agree with?
A The number f echidnas will increase after its rediscvery.
B. Explratry missins matter mre than habitat preservatin.
C. Extinct species cme with bth eclgical and cultural lsses.
D. Thmas Evans has instructed Re: wild t identify the 25 species.
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了研究人員如何通過(guò)創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)來(lái)追蹤和重新發(fā)現(xiàn)“失聯(lián)”物種，并討論了重新發(fā)現(xiàn)物種對(duì)保護(hù)工作的影響以及公眾宣傳的雙刃劍效應(yīng)。
28題詳解】
詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段劃線(xiàn)詞前“The study indicates many rediscvered species appear t fllw a rather similar trend: they are big, appealing mammals r birds tending t live near humans and in mre-develped cuntries.(研究表明，許多重新發(fā)現(xiàn)的物種表現(xiàn)出相似的趨勢(shì)：它們通常是生活在人類(lèi)附近的大型、吸引人的哺乳動(dòng)物或鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)，且多生活在較發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家)”及劃線(xiàn)詞后“but cntinues t be ut f researchers’ sight after lng searches, it’s prbably gne frever.(但在長(zhǎng)時(shí)間搜索后仍然不見(jiàn)蹤影，那么它可能已經(jīng)永遠(yuǎn)消失了)”可知，如果一個(gè)動(dòng)物符合重新被發(fā)現(xiàn)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，即體型大、有吸引力、生活在人類(lèi)附近或更發(fā)達(dá)的國(guó)家，但在長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的搜尋后仍未被找到，那么它可能已經(jīng)永遠(yuǎn)消失了。故劃線(xiàn)詞“is up t snuff”與A項(xiàng)“符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”意義相近。故選A。
【29題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“The study indicates many rediscvered species appear t fllw a rather similar trend: they are big, appealing mammals r birds tending t live near humans and in mre-develped cuntries. Thus, Evans says if an animal is up t snuff but cntinues t be ut f researchers’ sight after lng searches, it’s prbably gne frever. On the cntrary, animals that dn’t exhibit the pattern fr easy rediscvery are very much alive ut there. “Because they are generally difficult t cme acrss and are therefre met with less explratry attentin, in mst cases, small, unattractive species are mre likely t be seemingly extinct but still alive,” Evans says.(研究表明，許多重新發(fā)現(xiàn)的物種表現(xiàn)出相似的趨勢(shì)：它們通常是生活在人類(lèi)附近的大型、吸引人的哺乳動(dòng)物或鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)，且多生活在較發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家。因此，埃文斯說(shuō)，如果一種動(dòng)物符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，但在長(zhǎng)時(shí)間搜索后仍然不見(jiàn)蹤影，那么它可能已經(jīng)永遠(yuǎn)消失了。相反，不符合容易重新發(fā)現(xiàn)模式的動(dòng)物很可能仍然活著。“因?yàn)樗鼈兺ǔｋy以遇見(jiàn)，因此得到的探索關(guān)注較少，大多數(shù)情況下，小型、不吸引人的物種看起來(lái)已經(jīng)滅絕，但實(shí)際上仍然活著，”埃文斯說(shuō))”可知，人類(lèi)相鄰的動(dòng)物由于更容易被注意到和重新發(fā)現(xiàn)，因此它們受到的關(guān)注更多。故選D。
【30題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Beynd the scientific gains, searching fr lst species plays a crucial rle in understanding and prtecting ur wrld. Once, the Yngsu Sapari cmmunity used Attenbrugh’s echidnas as a peace tl t settle arguments. “If brthers fught, they had t find an Attenbrugh’s echidna, a slutin that is increasingly difficult,” Biggs says. “S, everything is cnnected. Every species behaves in an ecsystem and fulfills a purpse.(除了科學(xué)上的收獲，尋找失聯(lián)物種在理解和保護(hù)我們的世界中發(fā)揮著關(guān)鍵作用。曾經(jīng)，Yngsu Sapari社區(qū)使用愛(ài)登堡針鼴作為一種和平工具來(lái)解決爭(zhēng)端。“如果兄弟們爭(zhēng)吵，他們必須找到一只愛(ài)登堡針鼴，但這種情況越來(lái)越難，”比格斯說(shuō)。“所以，一切都是相互關(guān)聯(lián)的。每個(gè)物種在生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中都有其行為和作用)”可知，比格斯會(huì)同意的觀點(diǎn)是：滅絕的物種不僅帶來(lái)生態(tài)上的損失，還有文化上的損失。故選C。
D
Over the summer, the neurscientist Christ f Kch accepted defeat n his 25-year bet with the philspher David Chalmers, a lst wager that the science f cnsciusness wuld be all wrapped up by nw. Despite decades f research, there’s little sign f shared understanding n cnsciusness, with several cmpeting theries still being debated.
In my new bk entitled Why? , I take head-n the questin f why it’s s hard t make prgress n cnsciusness. The cre difficulty is that cnsciusness cannt be easily bserved. Yu can’t lk inside smene’s brain and see their feelings and experiences. Science des deal with things that can’t be bserved, such as fundamental particles (粒子), quantum wave functins (量子波函數(shù)), and maybe even ther universes. But cnsciusness pses an imprtant difference: in all f these ther cases, we therize abut things we can’t bserve in rder t explain what we can bserve. Uniquely with cnsciusness, the thing we are trying t explain cannt be publicly bserved.
Hw then can we investigate cnsciusness? I argue that we can accunt fr the evlutin f cnsciusness nly if we reject reductinism (簡(jiǎn)化論) abut it. Mst cnsciusness researchers emply a reductinist view f the universe, where physics is running the shw. Thus, insfar as there are sme future pssibilities left pen by the arrangements f particles in ur brains, they are settled by nthing mre than the randm chanciness implicit (含蓄的) in quantum mechanics.
Sme challenges have emerged lately t this reductinist mdel. The neurscientist Kevin Mitchell argues that the free will f cnscius rganisms plays a rle in determining what will happen in the brain, ver and abve what is settled by the laws f physics. Evlutin ffers ne f the strngest challenges. Natural selectin nly cares abut behavir, as it’s nly behavir that matters fr survival. Rapid prgress in AI and rbtics has made it clear, hwever, that extremely cmplex behaviur can exist in a system that entirely lacks cnscius experience. Fr any adaptive behaviur assciated with cnsciusness, there culd be a nncnscius mechanism that inspires the same behaviur. Given this, it is a deep mystery why cnsciusness evlved at all. But suppse the emergence f bilgical cnsciusness brings int existence radically new frms f behavir, ver and abve what physics alne culd prduce. Perhaps rganisms that have cnscius awareness f the wrld arund them, and thereby freely respnd based n that awareness, behave very differently than mere mechanisms. Cnsequently, they survive much better. With these assumptins, we can make sense f natural selectin’s preference fr cnscius rganisms.
As a philspher, in Why? , I develp a radical frm — the view that cnsciusness ges right dwn t the fundamental building blcks f reality — aimed at addressing the philsphical challenges f cnsciusness, as well as prviding a framewrk fr scientists t make prgress n the scientific issues. It is a pincer mvement (鉗形運(yùn)動(dòng)) f science and philsphy that will, ultimately, crack the mystery f cnsciusness.
31. What can we learn abut cnsciusness frm this passage?
A. Cnsciusness evlves frm behavir.
B. Scientists therize cnsciusness t bserve it.
C. Cnsciusness lacks bservable phenmena t study.
D. Quantum wave functins help explain cnsciusness.
32. As fr Kevin Mitchell’s argument, the authr is .
A. supprtive.B. disapprving.C. neutral.D. uncertain.
33. What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. Physicists’ researches reject reductinism.
B. Brain wrks independently f the physics principles.
C. The nature f cnsciusness requires further investigatin.
D. Natural selectin prves reductinist views f cnsciusness.
34. What is the best title f the passage?
A. A Debate ver the Nature f Cnsciusness.
B. Cnsciusness and Behavir: A Philsphical Perspective.
C. The Rle f Natural Selectin in Cnsciusness Develpment.
D. Beynd Reductinism: Explring the Evlutin f Cnsciusness.
【答案】31. C 32. A 33. C 34. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹當(dāng)前意識(shí)研究領(lǐng)域面臨的困境、挑戰(zhàn)和新的探索方向，提出超越簡(jiǎn)化論來(lái)解釋意識(shí)進(jìn)化的新方向。
【31題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“The cre difficulty is that cnsciusness cannt be easily bserved. Yu can’t lk inside smene’s brain and see their feelings and experiences.（核心困難在于意識(shí)不容易被觀察。你無(wú)法看到某人的大腦內(nèi)部，無(wú)法看到他們的情感和體驗(yàn)。）”可知，意識(shí)在人腦內(nèi)部，不易被觀察，因此選項(xiàng)C“意識(shí)缺乏可觀察的現(xiàn)象用以研究”符合題意。故選C項(xiàng)。
【32題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“The neurscientist Kevin Mitchell argues that the free will f cnscius rganisms plays a rle in determining what will happen in the brain, ver and abve what is settled by the laws f physics.（神經(jīng)科學(xué)家Kevin Mitchell認(rèn)為，有意識(shí)生物體的自由意志在決定大腦中將發(fā)生什么方面起著作用，這超出了物理定律所決定的范圍。）”以及接下來(lái)的內(nèi)容“Given this, it is a deep mystery why cnsciusness evlved at all. But suppse the emergence f bilgical cnsciusness brings int existence radically new frms f behavir, ver and abve what physics alne culd prduce.（鑒于此，意識(shí)為何會(huì)進(jìn)化仍然是一個(gè)深?yuàn)W的謎團(tuán)。但假設(shè)生物意識(shí)出現(xiàn)卻帶來(lái)了物理定律單獨(dú)作用之外的全新行為模式。）”，可以看出作者對(duì)于Kevin Mitchell的觀點(diǎn)是支持的。因此，選項(xiàng)A“支持的”符合題意。故選A項(xiàng)。
【33題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章整體內(nèi)容，特別是第一段“Despite decades f research, there’s little sign f shared understanding n cnsciusness, with several cmpeting theries still being debated.（盡管經(jīng)歷了幾十年的研究，但對(duì)意識(shí)的理解幾乎沒(méi)有達(dá)成共識(shí)的跡象，幾個(gè)相互對(duì)立的理論仍在爭(zhēng)論中。）”和最后一段“It is a pincer mvement (鉗形運(yùn)動(dòng)) f science and philsphy that will, ultimately, crack the mystery f cnsciusness.（科學(xué)和哲學(xué)的鉗形運(yùn)動(dòng)，最終將揭開(kāi)意識(shí)的神秘面紗。）”可知，從文中可推斷出的是選項(xiàng)C的“意識(shí)的本質(zhì)需進(jìn)一步研究”。故選C項(xiàng)。
【34題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，特別是第四段“Hw then can we investigate cnsciusness? I argue that we can accunt fr the evlutin f cnsciusness nly if we reject reductinism (簡(jiǎn)化論) abut it. （那么我們?nèi)绾窝芯恳庾R(shí)呢？我認(rèn)為，只有當(dāng)我們拒絕關(guān)于意識(shí)的簡(jiǎn)化論時(shí)，我們才能解釋意識(shí)的進(jìn)化。）”可知，文章主要討論了關(guān)于意識(shí)的研究和進(jìn)化，特別是反對(duì)簡(jiǎn)化論的觀點(diǎn)，并提出了一個(gè)關(guān)于意識(shí)進(jìn)化的新框架。因此，最合適本文的標(biāo)題應(yīng)是選項(xiàng)D的“超越簡(jiǎn)化論：探索意識(shí)的進(jìn)化”。故選D項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié) (共5小題; 每小題2分，共10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Cnsidering they are the wrld’s mst numerus areas f water, it is surprising that pnds are prly understd. There are millins — pssibly billins — f them. ____35____
This neglect might nt have mattered if it were nt fr increasing evidence that pnds are extremely imprtant habitats fr wildlife as they have rich, diverse and distinctive cmmunities with varied rare and endangered species. Acrss many landscapes, they are being shwn t supprt far greater variatin f species than rivers and streams. ____36____ It allws them t have a wider range f cnditins cmpared with rivers and streams where flwing water tends t hmgenise (同質(zhì)化) water chemistry.
S why have we failed t ntice such a vital part f the natural wrld? A key reasn appears t be what freshwater scientist Jhn Dwning has called “a saliency errr”: the misjudgment where we humans naturally assume that if smething is small, it can’t be all that imprtant. ____37____ We dn’t realise that these waters have a deeply ancient rigin and have existed n Earth as lng as there has been land and water.
These misunderstandings within freshwater science have had a big impact n ur ability t prtect their wildlife. In Eurpe, fr example, the Water Framewrk Directive mstly excludes any bdies f water smaller than 50 hectares.
____38____ Last year, the Ramsar Cnventin, an internatinal agreement, intrduced a reslutin n small wetlands, including pnds, giving crucial recgnitin t them. And the Eurpean Unin-funded PONDERFUL prject is gathering data n Eurpe’s pnds. Hwever, there remains much t d. As the effects f climate change deepen, plants and animals will increasingly need t mve acrss the landscape t survive. ____39____ They are easy t make and they clnize rapidly, which can help freshwater species adapt ver shrt timescales.
A. Viewpints are changing, frtunately, t the benefit f pnds.
B. This bidiversity seems t be partly due t the small size f pnds.
C. A study shws they make up much f the glbal water envirnment.
D. Yet fr a century r s, scientists have paid them very little attentin.
E. We can create pnds in cnsiderable numbers as ne f the few habitats.
F. There is increasing evidence f the imprtance f pnds fr bidiversity.
G Mst f us als devalued pnds because we regard them as artificial habitats.
【答案】35. D 36. B 37. G 38. A 39. E
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要探討了池塘在生物多樣性中的重要性及其長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)被忽視的原因。
【35題詳解】
上文“Cnsidering they are the wrld’s mst numerus areas f water, it is surprising that pnds are prly understd. There are millins — pssibly billins — f them.(考慮到池塘是世界上數(shù)量最多的水域，令人驚訝的是，人們對(duì)池塘知之甚少。池塘有數(shù)百萬(wàn)甚至數(shù)十億個(gè))”講述了池塘的數(shù)量非常多，但人們對(duì)它們了解不多，下文“This neglect might nt have mattered if it were nt fr increasing evidence that pnds are extremely imprtant habitats fr wildlife as they have rich, diverse and distinctive cmmunities with varied rare and endangered species.(如果不是因?yàn)樵絹?lái)越多的證據(jù)表明池塘是極其重要的野生動(dòng)物棲息地，這種忽視可能無(wú)關(guān)緊要)”表明科學(xué)家經(jīng)常忽視池塘的重要性，D項(xiàng)“然而，大約一個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)，科學(xué)家們很少關(guān)注它們?！背猩蠁⑾?，paid them very little attentin與下文This neglect相呼應(yīng)，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)。
【36題詳解】
上文“Acrss many landscapes, they are being shwn t supprt far greater variatin f species than rivers and streams.(在許多景觀中，它們被證明支持的物種變異遠(yuǎn)大于河流和溪流)”表明池塘對(duì)生物多樣性的重要性，下文“It allws them t have a wider range f cnditins cmpared with rivers and streams where flwing water tends t hmgenise water chemistry.(這使得它們能夠擁有比河流和溪流更廣泛的變化條件，因?yàn)樵诤恿骱拖髦?，流?dòng)的水往往會(huì)使得水質(zhì)化學(xué)變得同質(zhì)化)”解釋了池塘能夠支持多樣性的原因。B項(xiàng)“這種生物多樣性部分歸因于池塘的小尺寸?！闭f(shuō)明了池塘的小尺寸是其生物多樣性的一個(gè)重要原因，承上啟下，下文的It指代the small size f pnds，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。
【37題詳解】
上文“S why have we failed t ntice such a vital part f the natural wrld? A key reasn appears t be what freshwater scientist Jhn Dwning has called “a saliency errr”: the misjudgment where we humans naturally assume that if smething is small, it can’t be all that imprtant.(那么，為什么我們未能注意到自然世界如此重要的一部分呢？一個(gè)關(guān)鍵原因似乎是淡水科學(xué)家約翰·唐寧所說(shuō)的“顯著性錯(cuò)誤”：人類(lèi)自然地假設(shè)，如果某物很小，就不會(huì)那么重要)”講述了人們忽視池塘的原因，下文“We dn’t realise that these waters have a deeply ancient rigin and have existed n Earth as lng as there has been land and water.(我們沒(méi)有意識(shí)到這些水域有著悠久的歷史，自地球上有了陸地和水以來(lái)就一直存在)”進(jìn)一步解釋了人們對(duì)池塘的誤解，G項(xiàng)“我們大多數(shù)人也因?yàn)檎J(rèn)為池塘是人工棲息地而低估了它們的價(jià)值。”提到了人們低估池塘價(jià)值的另一個(gè)原因，與上文是并列關(guān)系，且引出下文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)。
【38題詳解】
下文“Last year, the Ramsar Cnventin, an internatinal agreement, intrduced a reslutin n small wetlands, including pnds, giving crucial recgnitin t them. And the Eurpean Unin-funded PONDERFUL prject is gathering data n Eurpe’s pnds.(去年，國(guó)際濕地公約引入了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于小濕地(包括池塘)的決議，給予它們至關(guān)重要的認(rèn)可。歐盟資助的PONDERFUL項(xiàng)目正在收集有關(guān)歐洲池塘的數(shù)據(jù))”講述了國(guó)際上對(duì)池塘的認(rèn)識(shí)和支持，A項(xiàng)“幸運(yùn)的是，人們的觀點(diǎn)正在向?qū)Τ靥劣幸娴姆较蚋淖?。”概述人們?duì)池塘的看法正在改變，下文是具體的措施，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。
【39題詳解】
上文“Hwever, there remains much t d. As the effects f climate change deepen, plants and animals will increasingly need t mve acrss the landscape t survive.(然而，還有很多工作要做。隨著氣候變化的影響加深，植物和動(dòng)物將越來(lái)越需要在景觀中移動(dòng)以生存)”表明建造池塘的必要性，下文“They are easy t make and they clnize rapidly, which can help freshwater species adapt ver shrt timescales.(池塘很容易建造，且迅速被生物占據(jù)，這可以幫助淡水物種在短時(shí)間內(nèi)適應(yīng))”講述了池塘在應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化中的作用。E項(xiàng)“我們可以建造大量的池塘，作為為數(shù)不多的棲息地之一?！闭f(shuō)明了池塘作為一種棲息地的潛力，承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E項(xiàng)。
第三部分書(shū)面表達(dá) (共兩節(jié)，32分)
第一節(jié) (共4小題; 第40、41題各2分, 第42題3分, 第43題5分, 共12分)
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問(wèn)題。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。
We all lve t criticize, but unfrtunately, we als hate being criticized. We freely pst and cmment n thers, but feel annyed at the way thers assess us, bth nline and in persn. The wrld seems unlikely t change anytime sn. Frtunately, thugh, each f us can change hw we give and take criticism, which will make us less likely t harm thers, mre resistant t being angry, and better able t benefit frm feedback — even when it is negative.
Criticism is defined as judgment f the merits (優(yōu)點(diǎn)) and faults f smething r smene in written r spken frm. Technically, criticism can include praise, but that isn’t what cncerns us here. What annys us is criticism f the negative variety, even when well-intentined — s-called cnstructive criticism, which means t prvide guidance s we can imprve. Wrst f all is destructive criticism, which aims t cause hurt r damage.
The culture f criticism isn’t ging away. The nly way t flurish (繁榮) in it, and despite it, is t adpt new habits f getting and giving critical feedback. One rule is t assume that criticism, even when it seems persnal, is nt actually abut yu persnally. When we receive criticism, we make it persnal in tw ways. First, we may naturally analyze the critic rather than the criticism. Secnd, we tend t cnsider the criticism a judgment n ur natural abilities, rather than n ur perfrmance. Interestingly, even amng yung children, research shws that viewing criticism as a judgment n ne’s abilities can lead t lwer self-wrth, lwer psitive md, and less persistence at tasks.
If taking criticism is particularly hard fr yu, yu are nt alne. Hwever, taking criticism badly is mre embarrassing, ultimately, than the criticism itself. If we d the wrk t learn t accept negative feedback, we will be much better ff.
40. What will be the results f changing the way we give and take criticism?
____________________________________________________________________________________
41. What is the difference between cnstructive and destructive criticism?
____________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Children wh receive criticism have lwer self-wrth because they take criticism as a judgment n their perfrmance.
____________________________________________________________________________________
43. What benefit(s) wuld yu gain frm learning t accept negative feedback? (In abut 40 wrds)
____________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】40. We will be less likely t harm thers, mre resistant t being angry, and better able t benefit frm feedback— even when it is negative.
41. Cnstructive criticism means t prvide guidance s we can imprve, while destructive criticism aims t cause hurt r damage.
42. Children wh receive criticism have lwer self-wrth because they take criticism as a judgment n their perfrmance.
They take criticism as a judgment n their abilities.
43. Learning t accept negative feedback can help us resist anger mre easily and criticize mre crrectly. In additin, accepting negative feedback can help us put ur shrtcmings in perspective, crrect ur mistakes and imprve urselves.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文，說(shuō)明了批評(píng)對(duì)我們的影響及我們應(yīng)如何正確地對(duì)待批評(píng)。
【40題詳解】
考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第一段“Frtunately, thugh, each f us can change hw we give and take criticism, which will make us less likely t harm thers, mre resistant t being angry, and better able t benefit frm feedback— even when it is negative.(幸運(yùn)的是，我們每個(gè)人都可以改變我們給予和接受批評(píng)的方式，這將使我們不太可能傷害別人，更抵制憤怒，并能更好地從反饋中獲益——即使是消極的反饋)”可知，改變我們給予和接受批評(píng)的方式會(huì)使我們不太可能傷害別人，更抵制憤怒，并能更好地從反饋中獲益——即使是消極的反饋。故答案為We will be less likely t harm thers, mre resistant t being angry, and better able t benefit frm feedback — even when it is negative.
【41題詳解】
考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第二段“What annys us is criticism f the negative variety, even when well-intentined — s-called cnstructive criticism, which means t prvide guidance s we can imprve. Wrst f all is destructive criticism, which aims t cause hurt r damage.(讓我們煩惱的是負(fù)面的批評(píng)，即使是善意的所謂建設(shè)性的批評(píng)，也意味著提供指導(dǎo)，讓我們提高。最糟糕的是破壞性的批評(píng)，它的目的是造成傷害或破壞)”可知，建設(shè)性的批評(píng)是指提供指導(dǎo)，使我們能夠改進(jìn)，而破壞性的批評(píng)旨在造成傷害或損害。故答案為Cnstructive criticism means t prvide guidance s we can imprve, while destructive criticism aims t cause hurt r damage.
【42題詳解】
考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Secnd, we tend t cnsider the criticism a judgment n ur natural abilities, rather than n ur perfrmance. Interestingly, even amng yung children, research shws that viewing criticism as a judgment n ne’s abilities can lead t lwer self-wrth, lwer psitive md, and less persistence at tasks.(第二，我們傾向于認(rèn)為批評(píng)是對(duì)我們天生能力的判斷，而不是對(duì)我們的表現(xiàn)的判斷。有趣的是，研究表明，即使是在年幼的孩子中，將批評(píng)視為對(duì)一個(gè)人能力的判斷，也會(huì)導(dǎo)致自我價(jià)值降低、積極情緒降低、任務(wù)堅(jiān)持度降低)”可推知，接受批評(píng)的孩子自我價(jià)值較低，因?yàn)樗麄儼雅u(píng)當(dāng)成對(duì)自己能力的評(píng)判，而不是表現(xiàn)得判斷。故答案為Children wh receive criticism have lwer self-wrth because they take criticism as a judgment n their perfrmance./They take criticism as a judgment n their abilities.
【43題詳解】
開(kāi)放性試題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“If we d the wrk t learn t accept negative feedback, we will be much better ff.(如果我們努力學(xué)習(xí)接受負(fù)面反饋，我們就會(huì)變得更好)”可知，學(xué)習(xí)接受負(fù)面反饋能幫助我們更容易抵制憤怒，同時(shí)更正確地進(jìn)行批評(píng)。此外，接受負(fù)面反饋還能幫助我們正確地看待自己的不足，糾正錯(cuò)誤并提高自己。故答案為L(zhǎng)earning t accept negative feedback can help us resist anger mre easily and criticize mre crrectly. In additin, accepting negative feedback can help us put ur shrtcmings in perspective, crrect ur mistakes and imprve urselves.
第二節(jié) (20分)
44. 假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。你的外國(guó)好友Jim在社交媒體上看到了含有流行語(yǔ)“Beijing, city r nt city, ah?”的短視頻。這些短視頻生動(dòng)展現(xiàn)了北京的獨(dú)特活力。Jim對(duì)此很感興趣，發(fā)來(lái)郵件詢(xún)問(wèn)相關(guān)情況。請(qǐng)你用英文給他回復(fù)，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 介紹北京的活力；
2. 簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明理由。
注意：1. 詞數(shù)100 左右；
2. 開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
提示詞: 有活力的 vibrant
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I’ve als nticed that vides using the catchphrase “Beijing, city r nt city, ah?” have gne viral n scial media, and I’d like t share mre abut hw vibrant Beijing is.
I think Nanluguxiang perfectly embdies the vitality f Beijing. As yu strll thrugh its narrw alleys, yu’ll be greeted by a wide variety f cafés, bkstres, bars and butique shps, each prviding its wn lively atmsphere. The buzz f cnversatin, the smell f freshly brewed cffee, and the laughter frm peple enjying their time ut make Nanluguxiang a ppular destinatin fr bth lcals and visitrs.
This hutng is nt just a place t shp r dine, it’s a vibrant cmmunity where peple immerse themselves in the rich cultural heritage f Beijing.
Cme experience it!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本篇書(shū)面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。外國(guó)好友Jim在社交媒體上看到了含有流行語(yǔ)“Beijing, city r nt city, ah?”的短視頻。這些短視頻生動(dòng)展現(xiàn)了北京的獨(dú)特活力，Jim對(duì)此很感興趣，發(fā)來(lái)郵件詢(xún)問(wèn)相關(guān)情況，要求考生李華給其回信。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
注意到：see→ ntice
體現(xiàn)：reflect → embdy
歡迎，迎接：welcme →greet
使沉浸（于）：bury→ immerse
2.句式拓展
簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句
原句：Cme experience it!
拓展句：I hpe yu can cme and experience it!
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】As yu strll thrugh its narrw alleys, yu’ll be greeted by a wide variety f cafés, bkstres, bars and butique shps, each prviding its wn lively atmsphere（運(yùn)用了as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句）
【高分句型2】 I’d like t share mre abut hw vibrant Beijing is.（運(yùn)用了hw引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句）

相關(guān)試卷

相關(guān)試卷更多

相關(guān)試卷

相關(guān)試卷 更多

相關(guān)試卷更多