專題05 七選五
（2024·山東淄博·一模）The Pwer f Peers
D birds f a feather really flck tgether? Peple d tend t chse friends wh are similar t them. Many behavirs spread scially. Activities in certain brain areas change when ther peple are arund. 1 Yu can use the pwer f scial relatinships t gain healthier habits — and mtivate thers t d the same.
2 Teens are especially respnsive t peer influence. At the same time, the reward system in the teen brain becmes extra sensitive. Teens are just learning t explre the scial wrld. Understanding ther peple’s values and being influenced by them are imprtant parts f scializing.
A research shws that even just having anther peer arund can change the reward respnse in the brain and als the risk-taking tendencies f teenagers. Sme peple seem t be mre easily influenced than thers and mre sensitive t feeling included r excluded by thers. 3 But it’s als a time that peer influence can help teens thrive if it gets them mre invlved with their cmmunity r helps them learn behavirs t get alng with thers.
It’s the quality f friendships — nt quantity — that really makes the difference. Friendships yu feel yu want t let g f may be lw quality. 4 High quality friendships prvide understanding, supprt, and recgnitin f yur self-wrth. These types f friendships are mre steady and satisfying.
Spending time with friends can be especially helpful fr peple. Nticing that ur behavir is influenced by ther peple, we can be intentinal and try t fcus n the peple wh are ding the things we want t get int urselves. 5
A．Adlescence is such a risky perid.
B．That can affect what yu chse t d.
C．Peer pressure can smetimes lead t cmpetitin.
D．Peple care abut what thers think acrss all different age grups.
E．They are linked t pr academic perfrmance and behaviral issues.
F．Sharing yur healthy habits culd als make a real difference t thers.
G．The number f friends yu have determines yur level f scial influence.
1．B 2．D 3．A 4．E 5．F
【導(dǎo)語】
這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了同齡人的力量，青少年可以利用這種社會關(guān)系的力量來養(yǎng)成更健康的習(xí)慣。
1．上文“Peple d tend t chse friends wh are similar t them. (人們確實傾向于選擇與自己相似的朋友)”和“Activities in certain brain areas change when ther peple are arund. (當(dāng)其他人在身邊時，某些大腦區(qū)域的活動會發(fā)生變化)”講志趣相投的朋友在身邊，你的某些大腦區(qū)域的活動會發(fā)生變化，該空應(yīng)該承接上文講發(fā)生變化后會產(chǎn)生什么樣的結(jié)果，才能引出下文“Yu can use the pwer f scial relatinships t gain healthier habits — and mtivate thers t d the same. (你可以利用社會關(guān)系的力量來養(yǎng)成更健康的習(xí)慣，并激勵他人也這樣做)”講人們可以選擇利用此類社會關(guān)系的力量改變自己、于自己有益， B選項“這會影響你的選擇?！鼻泻险Z境。故選B項。
2．由下文“Teens are especially respnsive t peer influence. (青少年對同伴的影響特別敏感)”和常識可知，人敏感是因為在意別人的看法，結(jié)合下文出現(xiàn)了“青少年”，該空應(yīng)該引出各年齡階段都會有因在意別人看法而變得敏感的人的內(nèi)容，D選項“不同年齡段的人都關(guān)心別人的想法。”切合語境。故選D項。
3．由上文“A research shws that even just having anther peer arund can change the reward respnse in the brain and als the risk-taking tendencies f teenagers. Sme peple seem t be mre easily influenced than thers and mre sensitive t feeling included r excluded by thers. (一項研究表明，即使身邊有另一個同伴，也會改變大腦中的獎勵反應(yīng)，以及青少年的冒險傾向。有些人似乎比其他人更容易受到影響，對被他人包容或排斥的感覺更敏感)”可知，青少年有冒險傾向，易受影響，對被他人包容或排斥的感覺更敏感，這都是在講青少年時期不好的地方，A選項“青春期是一個非常危險的時期?！鼻泻险Z境，與下文“But it’s als a time that peer influence can help teens thrive if it gets them mre invlved with their cmmunity r helps them learn behavirs t get alng with thers. (但如果同伴的影響能讓青少年更多地參與社區(qū)或幫助他們學(xué)習(xí)與他人相處的行為，那么同伴的影響也能幫助他們茁壯成長)”講青少年也能成為積極力量形成對比。故選A項。
4．結(jié)合下文“High quality friendships prvide understanding, supprt, and recgnitin f yur self-wrth. These types f friendships are mre steady and satisfying. (高質(zhì)量的友誼提供對自我價值的理解、支持和認(rèn)可。這些類型的友誼更穩(wěn)定、更令人滿意)”描述了什么是高質(zhì)量的友誼，可推知該空應(yīng)該承接上文“Friendships yu feel yu want t let g f may be lw quality. (你覺得想要放棄的友誼可能質(zhì)量很低)”講低質(zhì)量的友誼是怎么樣的，E選項“它們與學(xué)習(xí)成績不佳和行為問題有關(guān)?！鼻泻险Z境，上下文形成對比。故選E項。
5．由上文“Spending time with friends can be especially helpful fr peple. Nticing that ur behavir is influenced by ther peple, we can be intentinal and try t fcus n the peple wh are ding the things we want t get int urselves. (與朋友共度時光對人們尤其有幫助。注意到我們的行為受到他人的影響，我們可以有意識地把注意力集中在那些正在做我們想做的事情的人身上)”可知，同齡人相處有積極作用，青少年可以通過相處交流對他人產(chǎn)生影響，F(xiàn)選項“分享你的健康習(xí)慣也會對他人產(chǎn)生真正的影響?！鼻泻险Z境。故選F項。
（2024·山東青島·一模）When yu think f yur clsest friends, wh will cme t yur mind? Perhaps yur cllege rmmates r the neighbr yu played with as a child. Regardless f hw yu met these peple, they mst likely have ne key thing in cmmn: 6 A 2023 study fund that, fr thse aged 21 t 30, ver 80 percent in their scial circles, were brn within five years f them. Mrever, nearly 63 percent f adults have n clse friends 15 years lder r yunger than them.
Spending ur time with such a narrw grup f peple can fuel age segregatin and increase ur lneliness. These limitatins als keep us frm ther generatins’ mindsets and ptentially surprising pints f cnnectin. 7 Of curse, the nes that are lder might ffer a brief lk int the cming years.
A prgram that runs schls ut f senir centers has said a lt abut it. 8 Dawn Carr, a scilgy prfessr, said mst lder peple get much frm practical help—with new technlgy, fr instance—their yunger friends ffered. 9 Having fun with smene decades yunger definitely takes ff their pressure t “act their age”.
10 Lila, aged 75, was prud that her life experiences prepared her t give advice t her yung friend with depressin, fr which the yung was grateful. Als, lder friends ffer mre examples f what grwing up can lk like. If smene’s parents are the nly lder peple they knw well, they might fail t picture ther pssibilities. A greater pl f lder friends can help yung peple create their wn blueprint.
A．Yu befriend thse wh live arund.
B．They’re all rughly the same age as yu.
C．Others might find jy in expsure t new ideas.
D．Brught clser, bth see mre than ne benefit.
E．Yunger friends can be a reminder f past selves.
F．Frming these kinds f friendship is particularly hard tday.
G．Indeed, intergeneratinal relatinship is never a ne-way street.
6．B 7．E 8．D 9．C 10．G
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了老年人和年輕人交朋友給雙方都會帶來的好處。
6．根據(jù)上文“Regardless f hw yu met these peple, they mst likely have ne key thing in cmmn (不管你是怎么認(rèn)識這些人的，他們很可能有一個關(guān)鍵的共同點)”以及后文“A 2023 study fund that, fr thse aged 21 t 30, ver 80 percent in their scial circles, were brn within five years f them. Mrever, nearly 63 percent f adults have n clse friends 15 years lder r yunger than them. (2023年的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，對于21歲至30歲的人來說，社交圈中超過80%的人是在5年內(nèi)出生的。此外，近63%的成年人沒有比自己大或小15歲的親密朋友。)”可知，本句主要說明上文提到的共同點是什么，結(jié)合后文的研究可知這些人都年紀(jì)接近。故B選項“他們都和你差不多大?！狈险Z境，故選B。
7．根據(jù)后文“Of curse, the nes that are lder might ffer a brief lk int the cming years. (當(dāng)然，那些年齡較大的可能會讓我們對未來幾年有一個簡要的了解。)”可知，后文提到了年齡大的朋友會讓我們了解未來，與此對應(yīng)的，可知本句是正在說明年輕的朋友會讓我們想起過去。故E選項“年輕的朋友可以提醒你過去的自己?！狈险Z境，故選E。
8．根據(jù)上文“A prgram that runs schls ut f senir centers has said a lt abut it. (一個在老年中心外開辦學(xué)校的項目對此做了很多介紹。)”以及后文“Dawn Carr, a scilgy prfessr, said mst lder peple get much frm practical help—with new technlgy, fr instance—their yunger friends ffered. (社會學(xué)教授道恩?卡爾說，大多數(shù)老年人從年輕朋友提供的實際幫助中獲益良多，比如新技術(shù)。)”可知，本句主要說明項目介紹了老年人和年輕人相處會得到好處。故D選項“拉近距離，兩者都看到了不止一個好處?！狈险Z境，故選D。
9．根據(jù)后文“Having fun with smene decades yunger definitely takes ff their pressure t “act their age”. (和比自己小幾十歲的人玩得開心，絕對可以減輕他們“表現(xiàn)得像同齡人”的壓力。)”可知，后文提到了年紀(jì)大的人和比自己小幾十歲的人玩得開心，可以減輕心理壓力，即心理層面的好處。故C選項“其他人可能會從接觸新思想中找到樂趣?！狈险Z境，故選C。
10．根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Lila, aged 75, was prud that her life experiences prepared her t give advice t her yung friend with depressin, fr which the yung was grateful. Als, lder friends ffer mre examples f what grwing up can lk like. If smene’s parents are the nly lder peple they knw well, they might fail t picture ther pssibilities. A greater pl f lder friends can help yung peple create their wn blueprint. (75歲的萊拉很自豪，她的生活經(jīng)歷使她能夠給患有抑郁癥的年輕朋友提供建議，年輕人對此很感激。此外，年長的朋友提供了更多成長的例子。如果某人的父母是他們唯一熟悉的老年人，他們可能無法想象其他可能性。更多的年長朋友可以幫助年輕人創(chuàng)造自己的藍(lán)圖。)”結(jié)合上文主要論述了年輕人給老年人帶來的好處，后文則主要提到了老年人對年輕人的好處，可知帶來的好處不是單向的。故G選項“的確，代際關(guān)系從來不是單行道?！狈险Z境，故選G。
（2024·廣東·一模）Getting lder means greater maturity and wisdm. 11 In a sciety that is aging fast, it has becme crucial t find ways t prevent related mental and emtinal disrders. Music emerges as a prmising tl fr prmting well-being f the elderly.
Music has a great pwer t cause strng emtins and intense pleasure. 12 singing and dancing t music with thers is nt nly fun but als imprves md. Musical activities are great ways t reduce stress because they take ur minds ff prblems. They als help us feel less lnely and mre cnnected with ther peple.
13 A sng may becme a sundtrack fr a particular time, such as a delightful party with friends that yu had alng time ag. Listening t that sng allws yu t remember all the happy memries frm that time.
Finally, music cntributes t keeping ur thinking skills sharp. It makes ur brains wrk hard in unique ways t understand the rhythm and meldy. 14 Fr example, expsure t backgrund music, particularly classical music, during cgnitive (認(rèn)知的) tasks is shwn t imprve lder peple’s cgnitive prcesses, such as prcessing speed and wrking memry.
In cnclusin, music is a pwerful tl t fight against aging-related emtinal and cgnitive prblems. It is an enjyable and scial activity, available t anyne regardless f their backgrund r previus musical experience. 15
A．Music can als pen frgtten drs t ur memries.
B．Recalling happy memries can lift ur md n a bad day.
C．Even passive music listening can help elderly adults think better.
D．This helps peple feel better when they are depressed r anxius.
E．Hwever, it ften invlves a series f physical and mental challenges.
F．The ability t frm new memries is essential fr prcessing infrmatin.
G．Thus, this accessible interventin shuld becme a majr plicy pririty fr healthy aging.
11．E 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．G
【導(dǎo)語】
本文是一篇議論文。文章主要講述的是音樂對于老年人身心健康的好處，音樂能夠引起強烈的情感和愉悅感、音樂活動有助于減輕壓力、音樂能夠觸發(fā)記憶以及音樂有助于保持思維敏銳。
11．
根據(jù)空后“In a sciety that is aging fast, it has becme crucial t find ways t prevent related mental and emtinal disrders.(在一個快速老齡化的社會中，找到預(yù)防相關(guān)精神和情感障礙的方法變得至關(guān)重要。)”可知，老年人情感方面會產(chǎn)生問題。選項E“Hwever, it ften invlves a series f physical and mental challenges.(然而，它通常涉及一系列身體和精神上的挑戰(zhàn)。)”指出變老會在身體和心理上出現(xiàn)問題，與空前內(nèi)容“Getting lder means greater maturity and wisdm.(變老意味著更加成熟和智慧。)”形成轉(zhuǎn)折，同時自然引出下文內(nèi)容，符合語境。故選E。
12．
根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Music has a great pwer t cause strng emtins and intense pleasure.(音樂有一種巨大的力量，能引起強烈的情感和強烈的快樂。)”可知，音樂能夠引起強烈的情感和快樂。選項D“This helps peple feel better when they are depressed r anxius.(這有助于人們在抑郁或焦慮時感覺好一些。)”中的“this”指的正是上文提到的音樂所具有的力量，而這種力量能讓人們在抑郁或焦慮時感覺好一些。故選D。
13．
空處為段首句，為本段主旨句。根據(jù)下文“A sng may becme a sundtrack fr a particular time , such as a delightful party with friends that yu had a lng time ag. Listening t that sng allws yu t remember all the happy memries frm that time.(一首歌可能成為某一特定時刻的配樂，比如很久以前你和朋友一起參加的一個愉快的聚會。聽那首歌會讓你想起那時候所有的快樂回憶。)”可知，本段主要講述的是音樂可以讓你想起曾經(jīng)的快樂的回憶。選項A“Music can als pen frgtten drs t ur memries.(音樂也可以打開被遺忘的記憶之門。)”指的是音樂可以讓我們想起曾經(jīng)的記憶，與本段內(nèi)容相符，適合作為主旨句，引領(lǐng)下文。故選A。
14．
根據(jù)下文“Fr example, expsure t backgrund music, particularly classical music, during cgnitive(認(rèn)知的) tasks is shwn t imprve lder peple’s cgnitive prcesses, such as prcessing speed and wrking memry.(例如，在認(rèn)知任務(wù)中，暴露在背景音樂中，特別是古典音樂，被證明可以改善老年人的認(rèn)知過程，如處理速度和工作記憶。)”可知，下文例子想要表達(dá)的是置身于音樂之中就可以改善老年人的認(rèn)知過程。選項C“Even passive music listening can help elderly adults think better.(即使是被動聽音樂也能幫助老年人更好地思考。)”與下文內(nèi)容一致，指的是音樂可以提高老年人的思維能力。故選C。
15．
根據(jù)上文“In cnclusin, music is a pwerful tl t fight against aging-related emtinal and cgnitive prblems. It is an enjyable and scial activity, available t anyne regardless f their backgrund r previus musical experience.(總之，音樂是對抗與衰老相關(guān)的情感和認(rèn)知問題的有力工具。這是一項令人愉快的社交活動，任何人都可以參加，無論他們的背景或以前的音樂經(jīng)歷如何。)”可知，本段是全文的總結(jié)，指出音樂是延緩老年人衰老的重要方式。選項G“Thus, this accessible interventin shuld becme a majr plicy pririty fr healthy aging.(因此，這種可獲得的干預(yù)措施應(yīng)成為健康老齡化的主要政策優(yōu)先事項。)”是上文內(nèi)容的總結(jié)，指出既然音樂可以延緩老年人衰老，那么我們可以讓這種干預(yù)措施成為健康老齡化的主要政策優(yōu)先事項。故選G。
（2024·廣東江門·一模）It’s n surprise that there’s a link between exercise and mental health. But scientists have nw made it fficial: research has fund a direct cnnectin between mvement and md. Why des exercise hld s many benefits fr ur mental health? 16 .
When ur muscles tighten, chains f amin acids (氨基酸) called mykines (肌細(xì)胞因子) are released int the bldstream. 17 . This cmmunicatin increases adaptatin t stress, reduces symptms f anxiety and has a direct effect n depressin.
A recent study published in the British Jurnal f Sprts Medicine shwed that treatment fr depressin can be much mre effective when physical activity is added t the usual care. 18 . “While exercise is nt a substitute fr prfessinal mental health treatment, physical activity can cmplement and enhance the effects f the treatment,” says lead researcher Ben Singh, a research fellw at the University f Suth Australia. He says regular exercise in a grup setting can bst self-esteem and decrease feelings f islatin and lneliness.
Exercise helps build key cnnectins between the netwrks within the brain, t. 19 . Studies have shwn that physical activity stimulates creativity, sharpens judgement skills and imprves mental energy. It can als help t slw age-related cgnitive decline, pssibly even slwing the pace f develping Alzheimer’s disease.
20 . In this way yu’ll keep ging back t them. Experts suggest that yu aim fr a minimum f 10 t 30 minutes, three t five days each week. Getting sweaty is gd fr yur bdy and mind.
A．It can imprve verall cgnitive perfrmance
B．They help yur muscles and rgans cmmunicate
C．The answer, studies say, lies in ur brain chemistry
D．Here are the suggestins that yu are suppsed t pay attentin t
E．It is amazing t cnsider hw mving ur bdies can affect ur minds
F．T get the biggest health bst, the key is t be engaged in sprts yu enjy
G．Participants fund benefits after 12 weeks f exercising fr 30 t 60 minutes a day
16．C 17．B 18．G 19．A 20．F
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了運動對心理健康有著積極作用，并闡述運動和情緒之間存在直接聯(lián)系的原因。
16．根據(jù)上文“Why des exercise hld s many benefits fr ur mental health?(為什么運動對我們的心理健康有這么多好處？)”可知，本句主要回答上文的問題，結(jié)合后文“When ur muscles tighten, chains f amin acids (氨基酸) called mykines (肌細(xì)胞因子) are released int the bldstream.(當(dāng)我們的肌肉收緊時，被稱為肌促因子的氨基酸鏈被釋放到血液中)”提到chains f amin acids氨基酸鏈的被釋放，體現(xiàn)了正是C選項中chemistry的體現(xiàn)。故C選項“研究表明，答案在于我們大腦中的化學(xué)物質(zhì)”符合語境，故選C。
17．根據(jù)上文“When ur muscles tighten, chains f amin acids (氨基酸) called mykines (肌細(xì)胞因子) are released int the bldstream.(當(dāng)我們的肌肉收緊時，被稱為肌促因子的氨基酸鏈被釋放到血液中)”以及后文“This cmmunicatin increases adaptatin t stress, reduces symptms f anxiety and has a direct effect n depressin.(這種交流增加了對壓力的適應(yīng)，減少了焦慮的癥狀，并對抑郁有直接影響)”可知，本句承接上文，說明氨基酸鏈的具體作用，B選項中they指代空格前chains f amin acids，和空格后This cmmunicatin指選項 yur muscles and rgans cmmunicate。故B選項“它們幫助你的肌肉和器官交流”符合語境，故選B。
18．根據(jù)上文“A recent study published in the British Jurnal f Sprts Medicine shwed that treatment fr depressin can be much mre effective when physical activity is added t the usual care.(最近發(fā)表在《英國運動醫(yī)學(xué)雜志》上的一項研究表明，如果在日常護理中加入體育活動，抑郁癥的治療會更有效)”以及后文““While exercise is nt a substitute fr prfessinal mental health treatment, physical activity can cmplement and enhance the effects f the treatment,” says lead researcher Ben Singh, a research fellw at the University f Suth Australia. He says regular exercise in a grup setting can bst self-esteem and decrease feelings f islatin and lneliness.(南澳大利亞大學(xué)研究員、首席研究員本·辛格說:“雖然運動不能代替專業(yè)的心理健康治療，但體育活動可以補充并增強治療效果?！彼f，在團體環(huán)境中定期鍛煉可以增強自尊，減少孤立感和孤獨感)”可知，本句主要就上文加入體育活動展開具體說明，且此處涉及研究，推測本句與研究中的參與者有關(guān)。故G選項“參與者在12周后發(fā)現(xiàn)每天鍛煉30到60分鐘是有益的”符合語境，故選G。
19．根據(jù)上文“Exercise helps build key cnnectins between the netwrks within the brain, t.(鍛煉也有助于建立大腦網(wǎng)絡(luò)之間的關(guān)鍵連接)”以及后文“Studies have shwn that physical activity stimulates creativity, sharpens judgement skills and imprves mental energy. It can als help t slw age-related cgnitive decline, pssibly even slwing the pace f develping Alzheimer’s disease.(研究表明，體育活動可以激發(fā)創(chuàng)造力，提高判斷能力，提高精神能量。它還可以幫助減緩與年齡相關(guān)的認(rèn)知衰退，甚至可能減緩阿爾茨海默病的發(fā)展速度)”可知，本句主要是在說明體育活動對人的大腦的具體好處，故A選項“它可以提高整體認(rèn)知能力”符合語境，故選A。
20．根據(jù)后文“In this way yu’ll keep ging back t them. Experts suggest that yu aim fr a minimum f 10 t 30 minutes, three t five days each week. Getting sweaty is gd fr yur bdy and mind.(這樣你就會不斷回到他們身邊。專家建議，你的目標(biāo)是每周至少鍛煉3到5天，每次10到30分鐘。出汗對你的身心都有好處)”可知，該空位于文章末段，起到總結(jié)作用，另外空格后面In this way對應(yīng)F選項中t be engaged in sprts yu enjy，them指代sprts。故F選項“為了最大程度地促進(jìn)健康，關(guān)鍵是要參加你喜歡的運動”符合語境，故選F。
（2024·安徽合肥·一模）When smething ges wrng, d yu tend t bunce back r fall apart? Here are sme strategics t help yu manage a persnal setback (挫折) and get back n track tward achieving yur gal.
● Realize it’s nrmal. Less than 20 percent f peple successfully achieve their gal the first time arund. It’s nrmal and expected fr setbacks t ccur. 21 Knwing this, it’s imprtant t anticipate that the main task will be hw t effectively manage the setback when it arises.
● Dn’t deny it. Smetimes it’s hard t recgnize a setback. The prblem can be staring yu right in the face, but yu may deny there’s any cause fr alarm. 22 This inability t acknwledge the prblem desn’t mean yu’re stupid. It’s just that denial can clud yur awareness f the issue. It’s imprtant t be receptive t the hnest feedback.
23 Stp and cnsider carefully what went wrng. The mst cmmn causes f a setback are persnal wrries, vercnfidence, and pr cping skills. Take a lk at any factr that may have cntributed t the setback: where yu were, wh yu were with, what yu were thinking and feeling.
● Learn frm it. Learn frm yur analysis f the setback, and adjust yur plan t try t prevent similar things frm happening the next time. Each time yu fine-tune yur plan and put it int actin again, yu actually imprve yur dds f eventual success. 24
Remind yurself that yur setback is a slip instead f a fall. 25 After adjusting, yu can still make prgress tward success again.
A．Dn’t take it seriusly.
B．Analyze what happened.
C．Yu haven’t lst all f the knwledge, skills, and supprt.
D．In ther wrds, it’s nt whether a challenge will happen, but it’s when.
E．This is because yu learn frm each misstep t make yur plan mre effective.
F．Friends r family will vice their cncerns, but yu still may nt be able t accept it.
G．Yu might even write abut past experiences in a jurnal t guide yur future behavir.
21．D 22．F 23．B 24．E 25．C
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了一些有助于處理個人挫折并回到實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的軌道上的策略。
21．根據(jù)前文“Less than 20 percent f peple successfully achieve their gal the first time arund. It’s nrmal and expected fr setbacks t ccur.(只有不到20%的人第一次就成功實現(xiàn)了自己的目標(biāo)。出現(xiàn)挫折是正常的，也是意料之中的。)”可知，此處是指挫折大概率是會發(fā)生的，只是早晚的區(qū)別，所以選項D“換句話說，挑戰(zhàn)是否會發(fā)生并不重要，重要的是何時發(fā)生?！鼻泻衔囊?。故選D。
22．根據(jù)前文“Smetimes it’s hard t recgnize a setback. The prblem can be staring yu right in the face, but yu may deny there’s any cause fr alarm.(有時候很難察覺到挫折。問題可能就在你眼前，但你可能會否認(rèn)有任何驚慌的理由。)”可知，此處是指即使朋友或家人提醒你也可能無法承認(rèn)問題的存在，所以選項F“朋友或家人會表達(dá)他們的擔(dān)憂，但你可能仍然無法接受?！鼻泻衔囊?。故選F。
23．根據(jù)后文“Stp and cnsider carefully what went wrng.(停下來仔細(xì)想想哪里出了問題。)”可知，此處是指分析發(fā)生的事情，所以選項B“分析發(fā)生了什么。”切合文意。故選B。
24．根據(jù)前文“Learn frm it. Learn frm yur analysis f the setback, and adjust yur plan t try t prevent similar things frm happening the next time. Each time yu fine-tune yur plan and put it int actin again, yu actually imprve yur dds f eventual success.(從中吸取教訓(xùn)。從你對挫折的分析中學(xué)習(xí)，調(diào)整你的計劃，盡量防止類似的事情再次發(fā)生。每次你調(diào)整你的計劃并再次付諸行動，你實際上提高了最終成功的幾率。)”可知，此處是指從挫折中吸取的教訓(xùn)會讓你的計劃更高效，所以選項E“這是因為你從每一個錯誤中學(xué)習(xí)，使你的計劃更有效?！鼻泻衔囊狻９蔬xE。
25．根據(jù)前文“Remind yurself that yur setback is a slip instead f a fall.(提醒自己，你的挫折是一次滑倒，而不是跌倒。)”和后文“After adjusting, yu can still make prgress tward success again.(調(diào)整之后，你仍然可以再次向成功邁進(jìn)。)”可知，此處是講即使面對挫折你仍然具有的優(yōu)勢，所以選項C“你并沒有失去所有的知識、技能和支持?！鼻泻衔囊?。故選C。
（2024·山東泰安·一模）“Rise t Glry” is an incredibly inspiring film that unflds the gripping (扣人心弦的) tale f a lser’s jurney t greatness. 26 It takes them n an emtinal rllercaster, mixing mments f success with heart-breaking setbacks.
The cinematgraphy, the technique f making films fr the cinema, in “Rise t Glry” deserves special mentin. 27 The directr’s ability t perfectly cmbine intense actin sequences (鏡頭) with quiet mments f reflectin adds a layer f depth t the strytelling.
28 Each character faces their wn set f challenges, cntributing t the verall theme f grwth and resilience (適應(yīng)力). The supprting cast delivers exceptinal perfrmances, filling the stry with authenticity and depth. The strng cnnectin amng the cast members is nticeable, increasing the appeal f the characters’ jurneys.
The sundtrack f “Rise t Glry” is a standut feature. It perfectly makes up the n- screen events, creating an immersive (沉浸式的) experience fr the audience. 29
“Rise t Glry” leaves a pwerful impressin n the viewer. It is a must-watch fr anyne wh wants t get mtivated. The mvie delivers a prfund message f perseverance and self- discvery, presented with a heartfelt sincerity. 30 It’s an emtinal jurney that attracts frm beginning t end. Its exceptinal cinematgraphy, cmpelling characters, and impactful sundtrack cme tgether t create a cinematic masterpiece that will undubtedly stand the test f time.
A．The sundtrack features a cllectin f music.
B．In summary, “Rise t Glry” is mre than just a film.
C．The visuals are attractive, deepening the emtinal impact.
D．The mvie attracts the audience frm the beginning t the end.
E．The music adds nt nly emtin but als depth t the strytelling.
F．What sets this film apart is its well-develped and relatable characters.
G．The film lacks a dramatic emtinal jurney, leaving viewers unaffected.
26．D 27．C 28．F 29．E 30．B
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了Rise t Glry這部鼓舞人心的電影。
26．上文““Rise t Glry” is an incredibly inspiring film that unflds the gripping tale f a lser’s jurney t greatness.(《走向榮耀》是一部令人難以置信的鼓舞人心的電影，講述了一個失敗者走向偉大的扣人心弦的故事)”以及下文“It takes them n an emtinal rllercaster, mixing mments f success with heart-breaking setbacks.(這讓他們的情緒如過山車，將成功的時刻與令人心碎的挫折交織在一起)”說明本段介紹了《走向榮耀》這部電影鼓舞人心，電影使得人們的情緒發(fā)生變化，D項“這部電影從頭到尾都吸引著觀眾。”說明電影吸引觀眾，影響觀眾的情緒，承上啟下，符合題意。故選D。
27．上文“The cinematgraphy, the technique f making films fr the cinema, in “Rise t Glry” deserves special mentin.(《走向榮耀》中的電影攝影，即為電影制作電影的技巧，值得一提)”說明電影制作的技巧很好，以及下文“The directr’s ability t perfectly cmbine intense actin sequences with quiet mments f reflectin adds a layer f depth t the strytelling.(導(dǎo)演將緊張的動作場面與安靜的反思時刻完美結(jié)合的能力為故事增添了一層深度)”說明電影中的動作場面和反思時刻完美結(jié)合，這使得電影故事的深度加深，C項“視覺效果吸引人，加深了情感沖擊?！背猩蠁⑾?，說明電影的視覺效果增加了電影的深度，加深情感沖擊。故選C。
28．下文“Each character faces their wn set f challenges, cntributing t the verall theme f grwth and resilience. The supprting cast delivers exceptinal perfrmances, filling the stry with authenticity and depth. The strng cnnectin amng the cast members is nticeable, increasing the appeal f the characters’ jurneys.(每個角色都面臨著自己的一系列挑戰(zhàn)，為成長和適應(yīng)力的整體主題做出貢獻(xiàn)。配角們貢獻(xiàn)了出色的表演，使故事充滿了真實性和深度。演員之間的緊密聯(lián)系顯而易見，增加了角色旅程的吸引力)”說明電影中的每個角色都表現(xiàn)得很好，F(xiàn)項中characters是關(guān)鍵詞，F(xiàn)項“這部電影的與眾不同之處在于它的人物形象發(fā)展得很好，很有親和力。”引出下文，符合題意。故選F。
29．上文“The sundtrack f “Rise t Glry” is a standut feature. It perfectly makes up the n- screen events, creating an immersive experience fr the audience.(《走向榮耀》的配樂是一個突出的特色。它完美地構(gòu)成了屏幕上的事件，為觀眾創(chuàng)造了身臨其境的體驗)”說明電影中的配樂也是電影的突出特點，E項中The music是關(guān)鍵詞，E項“音樂不僅給故事增添了情感，而且給故事增加了深度?！边M(jìn)一步說明電影中音樂的作用，符合題意。故選E。
30．上文“The mvie delivers a prfund message f perseverance and self- discvery, presented with a heartfelt sincerity.(這部電影傳達(dá)了一個深刻的信息，毅力和自我發(fā)現(xiàn)，呈現(xiàn)出發(fā)自內(nèi)心的真誠)”以及下文“It’s an emtinal jurney that attracts frm beginning t end. Its exceptinal cinematgraphy, cmpelling characters, and impactful sundtrack cme tgether t create a cinematic masterpiece that will undubtedly stand the test f time.(這是一段從頭到尾都吸引人的情感之旅。它非凡的攝影技術(shù)、引人入勝的角色和富有影響力的配樂結(jié)合在一起，創(chuàng)造了一部毫無疑問經(jīng)得起時間考驗的電影杰作)”說明《走向榮耀》這部電影除了電影本身傳達(dá)的信息外，還體現(xiàn)了情感、攝影技術(shù)、角色和配樂方面的優(yōu)異，B項“總之，《走向榮耀》不僅僅是一部電影?！笨偨Y(jié)上文內(nèi)容，并引出下文，符合題意。故選B。
（2024·安徽·一模）With everything ging n in the wrld, it’s n wnder s many f us are struggling t sleep. 31 And it’s hard t fall back asleep again. Hwever, simple steps befre bed can help.
Test yur pillw. If yu bught yur pillw in 2022, it’s already ld. The Natinal Sleep Fundatin suggests replacing yur pillw every ne t tw years. 32 “When yur brain is sending pain signals, it can’t send sleep signals,” says Dr Michael J Breus, a clinical psychlgist and sleep specialist.
Get an hur f sunlight each day. Mrning sunlight is imprtant fr gd sleep. “It stps prducing melatnin in yur brain, which, helps relieve the sleepy mrning feeling,” Breus says. It als sets a mental time r t prduce melatnin, the s-called sleep hrmne, that evening. Aim fr 15 t 30 minutes f direct light first and tw 15-minute utdr breaks during the day. 33
Skip salty snacks befre bed. In a Japanese study, researchers fllwed 321 patients with high-salt diets and sleep issues fr 12 weeks. 34 And thse wh cnsumed mre salt wke up mre ften t g t the bathrm.
35 If yu need t air cmplaints t yur family, dn’t wait until night. Tugh discussins are less likely t disturb yur sund sleep if yu initiate them earlier. Arguments can activate yur sympathetic nervus system, which disturbs sleep. Sme research even suggests that ging t bed angry may make yu bad-tempered the next mrning.
A．Avid arguments with yur family.
B．Handle yur trubles befre dinner.
C．It signals yur brain that it is time t be awake.
D．It cntributes t gd health when expsed t light.
E．It’s nrmal t wake up at night, especially as yu age.
F．A used ne in the past can cause neck pain and restless sleep.
G．When peple cut them dwn, their average tilet trips decreased.
31．E 32．F 33．C 34．G 35．B
【導(dǎo)語】本文為說明文。主要說明了當(dāng)代社會，很多人都出現(xiàn)了睡眠質(zhì)量問題，本文提出了幾條建議，以幫助讀者提高睡眠質(zhì)量。
31．根據(jù)上文“With everything ging n in the wrld, it’s n wnder s many f us are struggling t sleep.(隨著世界上發(fā)生的一切，難怪我們中的許多人都在努力入睡)”描述了現(xiàn)代社會普遍存在睡眠質(zhì)量問題，后文“And it’s hard t fall back asleep again.(而且很難再次入睡)”描述很難再次入睡，可知本句主要說明夜晚入睡的問題，故E選項“隨著年齡增長，半夜醒來很正?！?，在此處能起到承上啟下的作用。故選E。
32．根據(jù)上文“The Natinal Sleep Fundatin suggests replacing yur pillw every ne t tw years.(美國國家睡眠基金會建議每一到兩年更換一次枕頭)”提到需要每 1-2 年更換枕頭，下文““When yur brain is sending pain signals, it can’t send sleep signals,” says Dr Michael J Breus, a clinical psychlgist and sleep specialist.(“當(dāng)你的大腦發(fā)出疼痛信號時，它不能發(fā)出睡眠信號，”臨床心理學(xué)家和睡眠專家Michael J Breus博士說)”繼續(xù)談?wù)撎弁磶淼挠绊?。F 選項中的代詞 “ne”指代上文的 pillw，進(jìn)一步解釋原因：用過很久的枕頭可能導(dǎo)致頸部疼痛和失眠。故選F。
33．根據(jù)本段首句“Get an hur f sunlight each day.(每天享受一小時的陽光)”可知，本段建議要接受足夠的陽光。C選項中的“It” 指代上文提到的接受陽光直射和戶外休息的行為。這種行為是為了提醒大腦白天保持清醒。C選項“它告訴你的大腦是時候清醒了”符合語境。故選C。
34．根據(jù)上文“Skip salty snacks befre bed. In a Japanese study, researchers fllwed 321 patients with high-salt diets and sleep issues fr 12 weeks.(睡前不要吃咸的零食。在日本的一項研究中，研究人員對321名患有高鹽飲食和睡眠問題的患者進(jìn)行了為期12周的跟蹤調(diào)查)”以及后文“And thse wh cnsumed mre salt wke up mre ften t g t the bathrm.(而那些攝入更多鹽的人更頻繁地醒來去洗手間)”可知，指出減少高鹽飲食后，起夜次數(shù)會減少，與下文 “攝入高鹽的更頻繁去衛(wèi)生間”的論述相呼應(yīng)。G選項“當(dāng)人們減少攝入時，他們的平均上廁所次數(shù)減少了”符合語境，故選G。
35．根據(jù)后文“If yu need t air cmplaints t yur family, dn’t wait until night. Tugh discussins are less likely t disturb yur sund sleep if yu initiate them earlier. Arguments can activate yur sympathetic nervus system, which disturbs sleep. Sme research even suggests that ging t bed angry may make yu bad-tempered the next mrning.(如果你需要向你的家人抱怨，不要等到晚上。如果你早點開始，艱難的討論就不太可能打擾你的睡眠。爭吵會激活你的交感神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)，從而擾亂睡眠。一些研究甚至表明，帶著怒氣上床睡覺可能會讓你第二天早上脾氣暴躁)”可知，如果需要向家人抱怨，不要拖到晚上。睡前的爭論對睡眠有影響，甚至影響第二天的心情。故B選項“本段的建議應(yīng)該是在晚飯前處理好麻煩”符合語境。故選B。
（2024·江蘇宿遷·一模）Once upn a time, sewing and mending clthes was cmmn. 36 Why have peple stpped mending their clthing? Schls stpped ffering hme ecnmics classes, technlgy bmed and fast fashin became increasingly ppular. All f a sudden, it’s mre incnvenient t fix smething than it is t buy smething new.
37 In the past few years, it seems there’s been grwing interest in slw fashin—nt nly saving, but als sewing and mending. On ne f the mst pleasant crners f the internet, yu’ll find lts f vides shwcasing everything frm visible mending t beginner sewing jurneys.
Why shuld yu learn t mend? 38 As any ec expert will tell yu, the best thing yu can d is buy less t begin with. That means shpping fr quality items that will stand the test f time, but als learning a few key skills s yu can repair thse items as needed rather than sentencing them t life in an already-verflwing landfill. It’s als helpful t custmize (改制) secndhand items which might nt be exactly the right size r a little ut f date. 39
Beynd the functinal benefits, mending is abut using what yu have, embracing imperfectins, fixing what’s brken, and rejecting the idea that new er is better. The ther aspect f mending is mindfulness. 40 It’s meditative (冥想的), slw wrk. It’s prductive, and deeply satisfying. And an added bnus: It’s sustainable.
If yu are interested in sewing and mending, it is the perfect time t learn the new skill. which can especially have a psitive impact n the wrld.
A．But all hpe is nt lst.
B．Because it is a means f making a living.
C．Mending is a great way t reject cnsumerism.
D．Buying secndhand gds makes it pssible t be sustainable.
E．This way, yu may find yurself upcycling pieces int nes that suit yu.
F．At sme pint in the last few decades, thugh, it became smething f a lst art.
G．Yu fcus n the task at hand and use yur creativity t make yur clthes unique.
36．F 37．A 38．C 39．E 40．G
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了修補和縫紉衣服的好處。
36．根據(jù)上文“Once upn a time, sewing and mending clthes was cmmn.(曾幾何時，縫紉和縫補衣服是很常見的)”以及后文“Why have peple stpped mending their clthing?(為什么人們不再縫補衣服了？)”可知，本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出人們不再縫補衣服了。故F選項“然而，在過去幾十年的某個時候，它成了一門失傳的藝術(shù)”符合語境，故選F。
37．根據(jù)上文“All f a sudden, it’s mre incnvenient t fix smething than it is t buy smething new.(突然之間，修理東西比買新東西更不方便)”以及后文“In the past few years, it seems there’s been grwing interest in slw fashin—nt nly saving, but als sewing and mending. On ne f the mst pleasant crners f the internet, yu’ll find lts f vides shwcasing everything frm visible mending t beginner sewing jurneys.(在過去的幾年里，人們對慢時尚的興趣似乎越來越大——不僅是省錢，還有縫紉和修補。在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)最令人愉快的角落之一，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)很多視頻，展示從可見的修補到初學(xué)者的縫紉之旅)”可知，本句與上一段最后一句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出在過去幾年，人們又開始進(jìn)行縫紉了，故A選項“但并不是所有的希望都破滅了”符合語境，故選A。
38．根據(jù)上文“Why shuld yu learn t mend?(你為什么要學(xué)會縫補？)”以及后文“As any ec expert will tell yu, the best thing yu can d is buy less t begin with.(正如任何一位生態(tài)專家都會告訴你的那樣，你能做的最好的事情就是開始時少買)”可知，本句回答上文為什么要學(xué)會縫補的問題，結(jié)合后文提到少買，可知縫補可以避免太多消費。故C選項“縫補是拒絕消費主義的好方法”符合語境，故選C。
39．根據(jù)上文“It’s als helpful t custmize (改制) secndhand items which might nt be exactly the right size r a little ut f date.(定制尺寸不合適或有點過時的二手物品也很有幫助)”可知，上文提到了修改尺寸或二手物品，本句為本段最后一句，故承接上文，說明這么做的好處。故E選項“這樣，你可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己把舊衣服升級成適合自己的衣服”符合語境，故選E。
40．根據(jù)上文“The ther aspect f mending is mindfulness.(修補的另一個方面是正念)”以及后文“It’s meditative (冥想的), slw wrk. It’s prductive, and deeply satisfying.(這是一項沉思的、緩慢的工作。這是富有成效的，而且非常令人滿意)”可知，本句承接上文，具體說明修補可以產(chǎn)生正念的具體內(nèi)涵，故G選項“你專注于手頭的工作，用你的創(chuàng)造力讓你的衣服與眾不同”符合語境，故選G。
（2024·山東濰坊·一模）It’s nt s lng ag that cntactless card payments were exciting and new, but the technlgy is already ld-hat. The new, better way t pay fr things in shps? By using yur phne t make a cntactless payment.
Because traditinally, when yu have paid with a card tap (輕敲) r using a chip and pin machine, ultimately the shp yu are buying frm will be nting dwn all f yur card details. 41 And this culd be a prblem — it means that if the shp is hacked (侵入) r plays fast and lse with its data, yu culd find yur card number expsed t the wrld.
Hwever, when yu tap t pay with yur device, it generates a unique ID number fr that deal and sends that instead. S yu can pay fr yur gds and the shp can get yur mney. 42 That is t say, phne payments are smarter.
43 If a pickpcket steals yur card they can immediately use up the mney. But if they get yur phne, when the phne ges t pay it will typically perfrm a bimetric check-it will ask fr a finger-print r use the camera t lk at yur face, t check that yu are wh yu say yu are.
44 Because f this added security, the limit (限額) is typically higher than fr cntactless cards. In the UK, it’s arund ￡ 100 fr mst retailers-thugh sme shps including mst supermarkets let yu spend much mre with just a tap f the phne.
Want t give it a try? T actually set things up, g t yur Wallet app and fllw the instructins. 45 Then it will autmatically recgnise the numbers and cnnect with yur bank. Usually yu receive a text message with a special cde n it. And then, well, yu’re dne. When yu pay, hld yur phne ver the payment machine, and pay fr yur gds!
A．It helps t build the client list.
B．The setup prcess varies with banks.
C．N ne needs t share any sensitive data.
D．It’s als mre effective against the threat f thefts.
E．And phne payments are increasingly cnvenient t.
F．Typically this starts by scanning yur card with yur phne.
G．Therefre, it knws which bank accunt t take the mney frm.
41．G 42．C 43．D 44．E 45．F
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章介紹了非接觸式手機支付的好處以及設(shè)置方式。
41．上文“Because traditinally, when yu have paid with a card tap (輕敲) r using a chip and pin machine, ultimately the shp yu are buying frm will be nting dwn all f yur card details.(因為傳統(tǒng)上，當(dāng)你用刷卡或刷卡機付款時，最終你購買的商店會記下你所有的信用卡細(xì)節(jié))”描述原因，空處應(yīng)是接著說結(jié)果，G項“因此，它知道從哪個銀行賬戶取錢”符合語境，故選G。
42．根據(jù)上文“Hwever, when yu tap t pay with yur device, it generates a unique ID number fr that deal and sends that instead. S yu can pay fr yur gds and the shp can get yur mney.(然而，當(dāng)你用你的設(shè)備點擊支付時，它會為這筆交易生成一個唯一的ID號并發(fā)送。所以你可以支付你的商品，商店可以得到你的錢)”可知，支付時形成的ID一次性的也是是唯一的，因此個人信息不會或數(shù)據(jù)不會被分享出去。C項“沒有人需要分享任何敏感數(shù)據(jù)”符合語境，故選C。
43．根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“But if they get yur phne, when the phne ges t pay it will typically perfrm a bimetric check — it will ask fr a finger-print r use the camera t lk at yur face, t check that yu are wh yu say yu are.(但如果他們拿到了你的手機，當(dāng)手機開始支付時，它通常會進(jìn)行生物識別檢查——它會要求你提供指紋或使用攝像頭查看你的臉，以檢查你是否就是你所說的那個人)”可知，本段是說手機支付能防止盜刷錢財，D項“它還能更有效地抵御盜竊威脅”符合語境，故選D。
44．根據(jù)空后“Because f this added security, the limit (限額) is typically higher than fr cntactless cards. In the UK, it’s arund ￡ 100 fr mst retailers — thugh sme shps including mst supermarkets let yu spend much mre with just a tap f the phne. (由于這種增加的安全性，限額通常高于非接觸式卡。在英國，對大多數(shù)零售商來說，這大約是100英鎊——盡管一些商店，包括大多數(shù)超市，你只需點擊一下手機就可以花更多的錢)”可知，本段是說手機支付的便捷，E項“手機支付也越來越方便”符合語境，故選E。
45．根據(jù)上文“T actually set things up, g t yur Wallet app and fllw the instructins.(要真正設(shè)置，請進(jìn)入錢包應(yīng)用程序并按照說明進(jìn)行設(shè)置)”及下文“Then it will autmatically recgnise the numbers and cnnect with yur bank.(然后，它會自動識別這些號碼，并與你的銀行聯(lián)系)”可知，空處是描述設(shè)置手機支付的第一步，F(xiàn)項“這通常是從用手機掃描信用卡開始的”符合語境，故選F。
（2024·遼寧·一模）Lying awake fr hurs befre falling asleep is a cmmn prblem. Even if yu can finally fall asleep, taking t lng t fall asleep can lead t t few hurs f sleep altgether. 46 S peple having truble falling asleep always wnder hw they can sleep well.
Parents knw frm experience that gentle music can help babies fall asleep. Science supprts this, shwing that children f all ages, frm babies t elementary schl children, sleep better after listening t cmfrtable music. Frtunately, children aren’t the nly nes wh can benefit frm gentle music befre bedtime. 47
Listening t music likely imprves sleep fr mre than ne reasn. Music can prmte sleep directly by affecting yur physilgy (生理機能). 48 Besides, it can als prmte sleep by becming a healthy bedtime habit. Many peple can’t fall asleep quickly because stressful and wrrying thughts keep them awake at night. By listening t music, the mind has smething else t fcus n. With time, the practice f listening t music at bedtime becmes mre effective as the brain psitively assciates music with sleep.
49 Studies have lked at many types f music and playlists but there isn’t a clear answer abut the best music fr sleep. What we d knw is that researchers have typically used either a self-made playlist r ne that has been designed especially with sleep in mind. One f the mst imprtant things n hw music affects a persn’s bdy is their wn musical preferences. 50 Fr thse wh dn’t want t design their wn playlist, nline music services have stepped in and usually ffer playlists fr sleep r relaxatin.
A．It can guarantee sufficient sleep.
B．It’s natural t wnder abut the best type f music fr sleep.
C．The quality and quantity f ur sleep becme pr as we age.
D．Listening t music can reduce yur stress and inspire psitive feelings.
E．This can have a serius effect n a persn’s quality f life if it cntinues.
F．Peple acrss age grups reprt better sleep quality after listening t sft music.
G．Useful persnal playlists may include relaxing sngs that have helped with sleep in the past.
46．E 47．F 48．D 49．B 50．G
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了音樂可以改善睡眠，解釋了背后的原因。
46．根據(jù)上文“Even if yu can finally fall asleep, taking t lng t fall asleep can lead t t few hurs f sleep altgether.(即使你最終能睡著，花太長時間入睡也會導(dǎo)致睡眠時間太少)”以及后文“S peple having truble falling asleep always wnder hw they can sleep well.(所以入睡困難的人總是想知道他們?nèi)绾尾拍芩煤?”可知，本句承接上文，說明花太長時間入睡的情況對人們的影響，后文給出解決方案。故E選項“如果這種情況持續(xù)下去，會對一個人的生活質(zhì)量產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重的影響”符合語境，故選E。
47．根據(jù)上文“Parents knw frm experience that gentle music can help babies fall asleep. Science supprts this, shwing that children f all ages, frm babies t elementary schl children, sleep better after listening t cmfrtable music. Frtunately, children aren’t the nly nes wh can benefit frm gentle music befre bedtime.(父母從經(jīng)驗中知道輕柔的音樂可以幫助嬰兒入睡?？茖W(xué)支持這一點，表明所有年齡段的孩子，從嬰兒到小學(xué)生，在聽了舒適的音樂后睡得更好。幸運的是，孩子并不是唯一能從睡前輕柔的音樂中受益的人)”可知，上文提到“孩子并不是唯一能從睡前輕柔的音樂中受益的人”，說明其他年齡段的人也可以從中受益。故F選項“各年齡段的人都說聽輕音樂后睡眠質(zhì)量更好”符合語境，故選F。
48．根據(jù)上文“Listening t music likely imprves sleep fr mre than ne reasn. Music can prmte sleep directly by affecting yur physilgy (生理機能).(聽音樂可能改善睡眠的原因不止一個。音樂可以通過影響你的生理機能直接促進(jìn)睡眠)”可知，本句具體說明音樂是如何影響生理機能促進(jìn)睡眠的。故D選項“聽音樂可以減輕你的壓力，激發(fā)積極的情緒”符合語境，故選D。
49．根據(jù)后文“Studies have lked at many types f music and playlists but there isn’t a clear answer abut the best music fr sleep.(研究考察了許多類型的音樂和播放列表，但對于最適合睡眠的音樂，還沒有一個明確的答案)”可知，本句與最適合睡覺的音樂類型有關(guān)，B選項type對應(yīng)后文types。故B選項“想知道最適合睡覺的音樂類型是很自然的”符合語境，故選B。
50．根據(jù)上文“One f the mst imprtant things n hw music affects a persn’s bdy is their wn musical preferences.(關(guān)于音樂如何影響一個人的身體，最重要的一點是他們自己的音樂偏好)”以及后文“Fr thse wh dn’t want t design their wn playlist, nline music services have stepped in and usually ffer playlists fr sleep r relaxatin.(對于那些不想設(shè)計自己的播放列表的人來說，在線音樂服務(wù)已經(jīng)介入，通常提供睡眠或放松的播放列表)”可知，本句主要說明設(shè)計個人播放列表來促進(jìn)睡眠。故G選項“有用的個人播放列表可能包括過去幫助睡眠的放松歌曲”符合語境，故選G。
（2024·山東濟寧·一模）
Recently, I carried ut an investigatin t discver what it was that prevented peple frm jurnalling. 51 S, tday, I want t intrduce a very simple tl—The MicrMOVEment Wheel. It will help yu pick up yur jurnal even at times when yu really dn’t feel like it.
52 She describes creating this methd s she culd use it as a creative planning tl fr her writing prjects and gals. While it was riginally aimed at writers, yu can use this technique t help yu cmplete any prject in a fun and creative way.
53 Here’s hw it wrks. Take a blank sheet f paper and: draw a large circle, and then anther smaller circle in the middle. In the centre circle, write dwn what yu are inspired t achieve. Remember, jurnalling des nt need t feel like a chre in yur day. S cme up with descriptins fr yur jurnalling that are inspiring and energising. 54 These are what SARK refers t as the MicrMOVEments. Each MicrMOVEment is five minutes in length. S, in the case f jurnalling, that wuld represent a minimum f up t five minutes f jurnalling in ne sitting, n any given day.
Let’s say yu’ re new t jurnalling. By setting aside five minutes ut f yur day, yu culd write ne wrd in yur ntebk that sums up a feeling r an experience. 55 The idea f the MicrMOVEment is t create easy steps t get yur jurnal writing r writing prjects mving. When yu keep the steps small, it will becme dable and achievable.
A．Next, divide the rest f the circle int eight equal parts.
B．It is the brainchild f internatinal bestselling writer SARK.
C．There are n hard-and-fast rules when it cmes t jurnalling.
D．Where t start and nt having enugh time were amngst the tp respnses.
E．Daily tasks such as sweeping and washing are time-cnsuming and labrius.
F．Then, list any assciated wrds, images r thughts that are generated by the wrd.
G．The medicine with this apprach is breaking yur actins dwn int the tiniest steps.
51．D 52．B 53．G 54．A 55．F
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種名為The MicrMOVEment Wheel的方法可以讓人堅持寫日記。
51．根據(jù)上文“Recently, I carried ut an investigatin t discver what it was that prevented peple frm jurnalling.(最近，我進(jìn)行了一項調(diào)查，以發(fā)現(xiàn)是什么阻礙了人們寫日記)”可知，本句應(yīng)承接上文，說明調(diào)查阻礙人們寫日記問題的回答。故D選項“從哪里開始和沒有足夠的時間是最主要的回答”符合語境，故選D。
52．根據(jù)上一段“S, tday, I want t intrduce a very simple tl—The MicrMOVEment Wheel. It will help yu pick up yur jurnal even at times when yu really dn’t feel like it.(所以，今天，我想介紹一個非常簡單的工具——微動輪。它會幫助你拿起你的日記，即使有時你真的不喜歡它)”后文“She describes creating this methd s she culd use it as a creative planning tl fr her writing prjects and gals. While it was riginally aimed at writers, yu can use this technique t help yu cmplete any prject in a fun and creative way.(她描述了創(chuàng)造這種方法，以便她可以將其作為寫作項目和目標(biāo)的創(chuàng)造性規(guī)劃工具。雖然它最初是針對作家的，但您可以使用此技術(shù)以有趣和創(chuàng)造性的方式幫助您完成任何項目)”可知，本句主要是在說明上文提到的MicrMOVEment是誰提出的，B選項SARK對應(yīng)后文She。故B選項“它是國際暢銷書作家SARK的創(chuàng)意”符合語境，故選B。
53．根據(jù)后文“Here’s hw it wrks. Take a blank sheet f paper and: draw a large circle, and then anther smaller circle in the middle. In the centre circle, write dwn what yu are inspired t achieve. Remember, jurnalling des nt need t feel like a chre in yur day. S cme up with descriptins fr yur jurnalling that are inspiring and energising.(下面是它的工作原理。拿一張白紙，畫一個大圓圈，然后在中間再畫一個小圓圈。在中間的圓圈里，寫下你想要實現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)。記住，寫日記不需要讓你覺得每天都是一件苦差事。所以，為你的日記想出一個鼓舞人心、充滿活力的描述)”以及后文“S, in the case f jurnalling, that wuld represent a minimum f up t five minutes f jurnalling in ne sitting, n any given day. (所以，在寫日記的情況下，這意味著在任何一天，一次至少要寫5分鐘的日記)”可知，本段主要介紹了工作原理，且后文提到了寫日記的小步驟，可推測是把寫日記的動作進(jìn)行分解，故G選項“這種方法的妙處是把你的行動分解成最微小的步驟”符合語境，故選G。
54．根據(jù)上文“Take a blank sheet f paper and: draw a large circle, and then anther smaller circle in the middle. In the centre circle, write dwn what yu are inspired t achieve. Remember, jurnalling des nt need t feel like a chre in yur day. S cme up with descriptins fr yur jurnalling that are inspiring and energising.(拿一張白紙，畫一個大圓圈，然后在中間再畫一個小圓圈。在中間的圓圈里，寫下你想要實現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)。記住，寫日記不需要讓你覺得每天都是一件苦差事。所以，為你的日記想出一個鼓舞人心、充滿活力的描述)”以及后文“These are what SARK refers t as the MicrMOVEments. Each MicrMOVEment is five minutes in length. S, in the case f jurnalling, that wuld represent a minimum f up t five minutes f jurnalling in ne sitting, n any given day.(這就是SARK所說的微運動。每個MicrMOVEment的長度為5分鐘。所以，在寫日記的情況下，這意味著在任何一天，一次至少要寫5分鐘的日記)”可知，上文提到了畫圓，在中間的圓圈里，寫下你想要實現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)，故本句應(yīng)當(dāng)是在說明接下來的步驟。故A選項“接下來，把剩下的圓分成8等份”符合語境，故選A。
55．根據(jù)上文“Let’s say yu’ re new t jurnalling. By setting aside five minutes ut f yur day, yu culd write ne wrd in yur ntebk that sums up a feeling r an experience.(假設(shè)你剛開始寫日記。每天抽出五分鐘，你可以在筆記本上寫下一個詞來總結(jié)你的感受或經(jīng)歷)”以及后文“The idea f the MicrMOVEment is t create easy steps t get yur jurnal writing r writing prjects mving.(微運動的理念是創(chuàng)造簡單的步驟，讓你的日記寫作或?qū)懽黜椖縿悠饋?”可知，上文提到了第一步，故本句是在說明接下來該怎么做，故F選項“然后，列出與這個詞相關(guān)的單詞、圖像或想法”符合語境，故選F。
（2024·重慶·一模）There is always a lt f talk abut what is fair, and what is nt. 56 Yet, sme f the 99% seem t believe life has smehw treated them unfairly, and sme f the 1% feel life hasn’t treated them fairly enugh. My questins are these: What is fairness? Is life fair? Shuld life be fair?
We definitely have n chice abut hw we cme int this wrld. We have little chice early in life. But as we grw lder, chices exist arund. I have lng believed that while we have n cntrl ver the beginning f ur life, the majrity f us have the ability t influence the utcmes we attain. Fairness is a state f mind, and mst ften, an unhealthy state f mind. Our state in life cannt, r at least shuld nt, be blamed n ur parents, ur teachers, r ur sciety. 57
I agree that challenges exist. I agree that many have an uphill battle due t the challenges they face. 58 Rules and rders dn’t create fairness, but peple’s desire and determinatin can wrk arund mst life challenges.
59 A friend f mine came t this cuntry frm Africa in his late teens, barely spke the language, drve a cab while wrking his way thrugh cllege, and is nw the president f a technlgy services firm. 60 They d, hwever, demnstrate blindness t the mindset f the fairness.
A．Mst peple tend t insist that life shuld be fair.
B．There is n abslute fairness in life, but it’s relatively fair.
C．Life is full f examples f peple wh cmplain abut life being unfair.
D．In fact, it’s largely based n the chices we make, and the attitudes we adpt.
E．But I disagree with the attempt t use fairness t slve all prblems in the wrld.
F．Stries like this are all arund us-they are nt miracles, nr are they the rare exceptin.
G．It desn’t matter whether we are brn with a silver spn, plastic spn, r n spn at all.
56．A 57．D 58．E 59．G 60．F
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章探討的是人生是否是公平的。文章的作者認(rèn)為公平在于我們看待世界、對待自己的態(tài)度。
56．根據(jù)下一句“Yet, sme f the 99% seem t believe life has smehw treated them unfairly, and sme f the 1% feel life hasn’t treated them fairly enugh. (然而，99%的人似乎認(rèn)為生活在某種程度上對他們不公平，而1%的人則覺得生活對他們不夠公平。)”可知，大部分人認(rèn)為生活在某種程度上對他們不公平，而由下一句中的yet可知，空格處的句子應(yīng)是說“大多數(shù)人堅持認(rèn)為生活應(yīng)該是公平的?！彼裕珹選項“Mst peple tend t insist that life shuld be fair.(大多數(shù)人堅持認(rèn)為生活應(yīng)該是公平的。)”與下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，符合語境。故選A。
57．根據(jù)前文“Our state in life cannt, r at least shuld nt, be blamed n ur parents, ur teachers, r ur sciety. (我們的生活狀態(tài)不能，或者至少不應(yīng)該，歸咎于我們的父母，我們的老師，或者我們的社會。)”可知，此處強調(diào)的是我們不能將生活的狀態(tài)歸咎于外在條件，說明接下來這個句子就是說我們應(yīng)該采取的態(tài)度是什么。D選項“In fact, it’s largely based n the chices we make, and the attitudes we adpt.(事實上，這很大程度上取決于我們所做的選擇，以及我們所采取的態(tài)度。)”與前文呼應(yīng)，符合語境。故選D。
58．根據(jù)前文“I agree that challenges exist. I agree that many have an uphill battle due t the challenges they face. (我同意挑戰(zhàn)是存在的。我同意，由于他們面臨的挑戰(zhàn)，許多人都有一場艱苦的戰(zhàn)斗。)”可知，前兩個句子為并列句強調(diào)的是“我”同意的內(nèi)容。E選項“But I disagree with the attempt t use fairness t slve all prblems in the wrld.( 但我不同意用公平來解決世界上所有問題的企圖。)”中的but與前文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，句中的“I disagree”，說明本句是想表達(dá)和前兩種情況不同的意思，符合語境，故選E。
59．根據(jù)后文“A friend f mine came t this cuntry frm Africa in his late teens, barely spke the language, drve a cab while wrking his way thrugh cllege, and is nw the president f a technlgy services firm. (我的一個朋友在快30歲的時候從非洲來到這個國家，幾乎不會說中文，在上大學(xué)的時候開著出租車，現(xiàn)在是一家技術(shù)服務(wù)公司的總裁。)”可知，此處通過舉例說明：不是所有成功的人都是生來就有很優(yōu)越的家境。G選項“It desn’t matter whether we are brn with a silver spn, plastic spn, r n spn at all.(無論我們是帶著銀湯匙、塑料湯匙出生，還是根本沒有勺子出生，這都無關(guān)緊要。)”引起下文，指出先天出生的家庭條件不是重要的，概括了例子說明的觀點，符合語境。故選G。
60．根據(jù)前文根“A friend f mine came t this cuntry frm Africa in his late teens, barely spke the language, drve a cab while wrking his way thrugh cllege, and is nw the president f a technlgy services firm. (我的一個朋友在快30歲的時候從非洲來到這個國家，幾乎不會說中文，在上大學(xué)的時候開著出租車，現(xiàn)在是一家技術(shù)服務(wù)公司的總裁。)”可知，此處通過舉例說明：不是所有成功的人都是生來就有很優(yōu)越的家境。F選項“Stries like this are all arund us-they are nt miracles, nr are they the rare exceptin.( 像這樣的故事在我們身邊比比皆是——它們不是奇跡，也不是罕見的例外。)”中的Stries與前文提到的例子進(jìn)行呼應(yīng)，指出不是所有成功的人都是生來就有很優(yōu)越的家境，但是依舊成功的例子比比皆是，符合語境。故選F。

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