專題02 閱讀理解(說(shuō)明文)--2024年高考英語(yǔ)一模試題分類匯編（廣東專用）-試卷下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

1.【2024屆廣東省廣州市高三一模試題】
When adult humans meet a baby, many can’t help speaking in a higher-pitched (更高音的), sing-sng y vice. This shift, knwn as parentese, is nt unique t humans — it has als been bserved in animals like mnkeys and grillas. Nw, scientists are adding ne mre species t that list: bttlense dlphins.
Dlphins are intelligent animals that live and hunt in grups. They cmmunicate in a unique way: every individual prduces its wn signature sund that acts much like an ID card, usually by its first birthday. But hw des each cme up with its distinctive whistle? Fr babies, it might have smething t d with listening t Mum. T slve this mystery, researchers examined the sunds mther dlphins, make.
Scientists studied 34 years’ wrth f recrdings f sunds made by 19 female bttlense dlphins. When the mther dlphins were near their yung, they cntinued t make their signature sund, but at a higher frequency. They als used a wider range f frequencies than they did when their babies were nt nearby.
This discvery suggests that using these mdificatins mther dlphins assist their yung in learning hw t prduce these calls themselves. Since dlphin babies ften spend sme years with their mthers befre living n their wn, it makes sense that this adaptatin wuld help them learn t cmmunicate. At the very least, the higher-pitched whistle likely gets the babies’ attentin. “It’s imprtant fr a baby t knw,’ Oh, Mum’s talking t me nw,’” says marine bilgist June Mann.
This kind f research culd help us understand hw language develped in humans. “It is abslutely essential t have basic knwledge abut ther species and hw they cmmunicate,” says Mann. “I wuld be really interested t see whether dlphins als change their sunds when interacting with babies f thers, which is what happens in humans.”
8．What d the underlined wrds “this mystery ”refer t in paragraph 2?
A．Why dlphins live and play in grups.
B．Hw dlphins develp their unique sunds.
C．What aspects f intelligence dlphins pssess.
D．Whether dlphins can use parentese like humans.
9．Hw did the researchers carry ut their study f dlphins?
A．By analyzing mther dlphins’ sund features.
B．By recrding parent-child interactin frequency.
C．By measuring the distance between parent and child.
D．By examining the speech rgans f mther dlphins.
10．What is a suggested reasn why dlphin mthers use parentese with their yung?
A．T help them learn t talk.B．T teach them hunting skills.
C．T express wrry and care.D．T distract their attentin.
11．What is the purpse f the text?
A．T cmpare the parentese f humans and dlphins.
B．T illustrate the develpment f dlphin intelligence.
C．T share new findings abut dlphin cmmunicatin.
D．T highlight the value f studying dlphins’ language.
【答案】8．B 9．A 10．A 11．C
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了海豚媽媽通過(guò)教授幼崽使用獨(dú)特的聲音來(lái)教會(huì)幼崽說(shuō)話。文章解釋了研究開展的經(jīng)過(guò)以及研究的意義。
8．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“But hw des each cme up with its distinctive whistle? Fr babies, it might have smething t d with listening t Mum. T slve”以及后文“researchers examined the sunds mther dlphins, make.”可知，海豚發(fā)出獨(dú)特的聲音與聽到海豚媽媽的聲音有關(guān)，所以為了解“海豚如何發(fā)出獨(dú)特的聲音”這個(gè)謎團(tuán)，研究人員檢查了海豚媽媽發(fā)出的聲音。故劃線詞指的是“海豚如何發(fā)出獨(dú)特的聲音”。故選B。
9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Scientists studied 34 years’ wrth f recrdings f sunds made by 19 female bttlense dlphins.(科學(xué)家們研究了19只雌性寬吻海豚34年來(lái)的聲音記錄)”可知，研究人員通過(guò)分析母海豚的聲音特征對(duì)海豚進(jìn)行研究。故選A。
10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“This discvery suggests that using these mdificatins mther dlphins assist their yung in learning hw t prduce these calls themselves.(這一發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，利用這些變化，海豚媽媽幫助它們的孩子學(xué)習(xí)如何自己發(fā)出這些叫聲)”可知，海豚媽媽對(duì)幼崽使用父母語(yǔ)的原因是幫助他們學(xué)會(huì)說(shuō)話。故選A。
11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“When adult humans meet a baby, many can’t help speaking in a higher-pitched (更高音的), sing-sng y vice. This shift, knwn as parentese, is nt unique t humans — it has als been bserved in animals like mnkeys and grillas. Nw, scientists are adding ne mre species t that list: bttlense dlphins.(當(dāng)成年人遇到嬰兒時(shí)，許多人會(huì)情不自禁地用一種高亢的歌聲說(shuō)話。這種被稱為“父母性”的轉(zhuǎn)變并不是人類獨(dú)有的，猴子和大猩猩等動(dòng)物也有這種現(xiàn)象?，F(xiàn)在，科學(xué)家們又增加了一個(gè)物種：寬吻海豚)”結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了海豚媽媽通過(guò)教授幼崽使用獨(dú)特的聲音來(lái)教會(huì)幼崽說(shuō)話。文章解釋了研究開展的經(jīng)過(guò)以及研究的意義。可知，文章的目的是分享海豚交流的新發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選C。
2.【2024屆廣東省大亞灣區(qū)高三一聯(lián)試卷】
Prfessr Lum seems t be under the spell f ChatGPT, but let’s nt get carried away with the AI chatbt craze. While it des have sme benefits, his arguments are like a leaky bat in a strmy sea — full f hles.
Accrding t Prfessr Lum, ChatGPT ffers students a wealth f infrmatin. Sure, it’s like having a walking encyclpedia (百科全書), but learning is nt abut cpying an answer. It’s abut the jurney f discvery. ChatGPT, armed with its vast database, denies students the pprtunity t explre and learn thrugh their wn effrts. It’s like awarding a participatin medal fr a race that hasn’t even begun!
He als claims that ChatGPT imprves cmmunicatin skills. Seriusly? Chatting with an AI is nt the same as having a real cnversatin. Hw can we expect students t handle the cmplexities f the real wrld if all they knw is hw t talk t a chatbt? Let’s nt turn them int scially awkward bts themselves.
Oh, and let’s nt frget abut critical thinking. Prfessr Lum thinks ChatGPT challenges students t think critically. But cme n, flks! It’s merely a machine! It’s nt ging t teach them hw t questin assumptins, analyze evidence, r cme up with innvative slutins. We need human interactin and lively debates fr that.
Lastly, Prfessr Lum believes ChatGPT can prvide supprt and guidance. Again, seriusly? Are we ging t replace human emtins with lines f cde (代碼)? ChatGPT might ffer sme cmfrting wrds, but it can’t replace the warmth and understanding that can nly be fund in human interactin. Let us nt abandn ur students, leaving them t feel mre alne and discnnected than ever befre.
Prfessr Lum’s pinin regarding ChatGPT warns us against t much reliance n technlgy. Rather than priritizing ChatGPT, the fcus shuld be n develping critical thinking, prmting genuine human interactin, and emphasizing the cre aspects f educatin.
8．What is cmpared t a participatin medal in paragraph 2?
A．A walking encyclpedia.B．A jurney t explre.
C．A vast database.D．An answer.
9．What can be inferred abut ChatGPT frm paragraphs 3~5?
A．It is nt gd at scializing.B．It is a skilled critical thinker.
C．It ffers nthing helpful t humans.D．It frms a warm bnd with humans.
10．What is the authr’s attitude twards ChatGPT?
A．Ttally negative.B．Fully supprtive.
C．Highly skeptical.D．Quite indifferent.
11．What is the main purpse f the passage?
A．T criticize a viewpint.B．T questin an authrity.
C．T clarify tw arguments.D．T cmpare tw chatbts.
【答案】8．D 9．A 10．C 11．A
【分析】文章是說(shuō)明文。介紹了Lum教授似乎被ChatGPT迷住了，認(rèn)為ChatGPT有非常多的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但是作者提醒不能過(guò)多依賴技術(shù)，應(yīng)把重點(diǎn)放在發(fā)展批判性思維、促進(jìn)真正的人際互動(dòng)和強(qiáng)調(diào)教育的核心方面。
8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第二段第二句“Sure, it’s like having a walking encyclpedia (百科全書), but learning is nt abut cpying an answer.”(當(dāng)然，這就像有一本活百科全書, 但學(xué)習(xí)并不是復(fù)制答案。)和文章第二段第四句“ChatGPT, armed with its vast database, denies students the pprtunity t explre and learn thrugh their wn effrts.”(擁有龐大數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的ChatGPT剝奪了學(xué)生通過(guò)自己的努力探索和學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)。)可知，ChatGPT為學(xué)生提供了豐富的信息，但是同時(shí)也剝奪了孩子自努力探索學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)，答案都是直接獲得。就好比比賽還未開始就頒發(fā)了參賽獎(jiǎng)牌，所以此處參賽獎(jiǎng)牌指的是學(xué)習(xí)之旅還未開始就提供了答案。故選D項(xiàng)。
9．推理判斷題。文章第三段“Chatting with an AI is nt the same as having a real cnversatin. Hw can we expect students t handle the cmplexities f the real wrld if all they knw is hw t talk t a chatbt? Let’s nt turn them int scially awkward bts themselves. ”(與人工智能聊天并不等同于進(jìn)行真正的對(duì)話。如果學(xué)生只知道如何與聊天機(jī)器人交談，我們?cè)趺茨苤竿麄兲幚憩F(xiàn)實(shí)世界的復(fù)雜性？我們不要把他們自己變成社交尷尬的機(jī)器人。)文章第四段“It’s merely a machine! It’s nt ging t teach them hw t questin assumptins, analyze evidence, r cme up with innvative slutins. We need human interactin and lively debates fr that.”(這只是一臺(tái)機(jī)器！它不會(huì)教他們?nèi)绾钨|(zhì)疑假設(shè)、分析證據(jù)或提出創(chuàng)新的解決方案。為此，我們需要人與人之間的互動(dòng)和激烈的辯論。)和文章第五段“ ChatGPT might ffer sme cmfrting wrds, but it can’t replace the warmth and understanding that can nly be fund in human interactin.”(ChatGPT可能會(huì)提供一些安慰的話語(yǔ)，但它無(wú)法取代只有在人類互動(dòng)中才能找到的溫暖和理解。)可知，作者針對(duì)Lum教授提出的關(guān)于ChatGPT在與人交往方面的優(yōu)點(diǎn)都提出了反駁。認(rèn)為ChatGPT無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)真正人與人之間的互動(dòng)和交流，也無(wú)法取代只有在人類社交互動(dòng)中才能找到的溫暖和理解。所以可推測(cè)ChatGPT不善于人際交往。故選A項(xiàng)。
10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句“While it des have sme benefits, his arguments are like a leaky bat in a strmy sea- full f hles. ”(雖然這確實(shí)有一些好處，但他的論點(diǎn)就像暴風(fēng)雨中漏洞百出的船。)可知，作者認(rèn)為ChatGPT確實(shí)存在一些優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但對(duì)于Lum教授認(rèn)為ChatGPT可以提升交際技能，培養(yǎng)批判性思維和提供支持和指導(dǎo)作者持不贊成和懷疑態(tài)度。故填C項(xiàng)。
11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Prfessr Lum seems t be under the spell f ChatGPT, but let’s nt get carried away with the AI chatbt craze. While it des have sme benefits, his arguments are like a leaky bat in a strmy sea- full f hles. ”(Lum教授似乎被ChatGPT迷住了，但我們不要被人工智能聊天機(jī)器人的熱潮沖昏頭腦。雖然這確實(shí)有一些好處，但他的論點(diǎn)就像暴風(fēng)雨中漏洞百出的船。)和最后一段“Prfessr Lum’s pinin regarding ChatGPT warns us against t much reliance n technlgy. Rather than priritizing ChatGPT, the fcus shuld be n develping critical thinking, prmting genuine human interactin, and emphasizing the cre aspects f educatin.”(Lum教授關(guān)于ChatGPT的觀點(diǎn)警告我們不要過(guò)度依賴技術(shù)。與其優(yōu)先考慮ChatGPT，不如把重點(diǎn)放在發(fā)展批判性思維、促進(jìn)真正的人際互動(dòng)和強(qiáng)調(diào)教育的核心方面。)可知，作者針對(duì)Lum教授的觀點(diǎn)提出了反駁。作者認(rèn)為不要過(guò)度依賴技術(shù)，應(yīng)把重點(diǎn)放在發(fā)展批判性思維、促進(jìn)真正的人際互動(dòng)和強(qiáng)調(diào)教育的核心方面。故選A項(xiàng)。
3.【2024屆廣東省佛山市高三質(zhì)檢試題一】
A China plane struck a bird after taking ff in Chengdu, Sichuan, and had t immediately return t the airprt last Octber, and it wasn’t the first accident between an aircraft and a bird last year.
In fact, mre than 20,000 wildlife strikes with aircraft were reprted wrldwide in 2023 — the vast majrity f thse animals being birds. The strikes can als include run-ins with bats r creatures n the grund, such as deer r turtles. Expanding wildlife ppulatins, increases in number f aircraft mvements, and a trend tward faster and quieter aircraft all have cntributed t the increase in wildlife strikes.
Bird strikes are a hazard nt just t cmmercial airplanes, but t all srts f aircraft. Hwever, histrical data shws that damage is reprted in a small percentage f incidents. Last year, 95% f the glbal strikes invlved sme kind f damage — and nly 5% f thse caused “substantial” damage.
Sme f the mst disturbing types f strikes can happen when ne r mre birds g int a plane’s engine, which might cause a lt f damage t the aircraft. The pilt wuld need t return t the airprt r find a safe place t land.
In last Octber’s China plane incident, the Beijing-bund flight was able t land nrmally in Chengdu after taking int accunt what the airline described as security cncerns. Senir captain Chen Jiangu said pilts are trained n hw t respnd if they have a bird strike in flight. The pilt in this case did exactly what he was trained t d.
“There are lts f things that are being used by airprts t try t manage the habitat and birds arund the airprt,” said Chen Jiangu. Airprts need t manage bird habitats t reduce r get rid f trees and plants that shelter birds, r address wetlands that can attract birds. Cllecting data n what kinds f birds are invlved in strikes is equally imprtant s the risks can better be managed. Many airprts als use audible signals t scare birds away, such as the sunds f firewrks.
8．What is a cause f the increase in wildlife strikes?
A．The prly designed aircraft.
B．The grwing number f birds.
C．The destructin f wildlife habitats.
D．The absence f envirnmental awareness.
9．What des the underlined wrd in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A．Danger.B．Delay.C．Accident.D．Reminder.
10．What des the histrical data tell us abut bird strikes?
A．They are a rare ccurrence.
B．They usually damage engines.
C．Mst f them cause slight damage.
D．Mst f them invlve ne single bird.
11．What des the last paragraph mainly talk abut?
A．Ways t study bird behavir.
B．Measures t drive birds away.
C．Effrts t restre bird habitat.
D．Attempts t take care f birds.
【答案】8．B 9．A 10．C 11．B
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了野生動(dòng)物襲擊飛機(jī)的事件，包括其襲擊者、起因、造成的損壞，以及機(jī)場(chǎng)方面應(yīng)對(duì)和減少這種事件的方法。
8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Expanding wildlife ppulatins, increases in number f aircraft mvements, and a trend tward faster and quieter aireraft all have cntributed t the increase in wildlife strikes. (野生動(dòng)物數(shù)量的增加，飛機(jī)起降次數(shù)的增加，以及飛機(jī)速度更快、噪音更小的趨勢(shì)，都導(dǎo)致了野生動(dòng)物襲擊事件的增加)”可知，野生動(dòng)物襲擊事件的增加的起因包括鳥類數(shù)量的增加。故選B項(xiàng)。
9．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句的下文“Hwever, histrical data shws that damage is reprted in a small percentage f incidents. (然而，歷史數(shù)據(jù)顯示，只有一小部分事故報(bào)告了損壞)”可知，只有一小部分野生動(dòng)物襲擊事件涉及損壞，且此處涉及轉(zhuǎn)折，因此鳥撞事件本身的確對(duì)飛機(jī)來(lái)說(shuō)是一種危險(xiǎn)，但是造成的損壞卻不多，hazard意思應(yīng)該是“危險(xiǎn)”，與danger意思相近。故選A項(xiàng)。
10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Hwever, histrical data shws that damage is reprted in a small percentage f incidents. Last year, 95% f the glbal strikes invlved sme kind f damage — and nly 5% f thse caused “substantial” damage. (然而，歷史數(shù)據(jù)顯示，只有一小部分事故報(bào)告了損壞。去年，95%的全球襲擊造成了某種程度的損失，其中只有5%造成了“實(shí)質(zhì)性”損失)”可知，大多數(shù)鳥撞事件會(huì)造成輕微的損害。故選C項(xiàng)。
11．段落大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中“There are lts f things that are being used by airprts t try t manage the habitat and birds arund the airprt (機(jī)場(chǎng)正在使用很多方法來(lái)管理機(jī)場(chǎng)周圍的棲息地和鳥類)”和“Airprts need t manage bird habitats t reduce r get rid f trees and plants that shelter birds, r address wetlands that can attract birds. Cllecting data n what kinds f birds are invlved in strikes is equally imprtant s the risks can better be managed. Many airprts als use audible signals t scare birds away, such as the sunds f firewrks. (機(jī)場(chǎng)需要管理鳥類棲息地，以減少或消除為鳥類提供庇護(hù)地的樹木和植物，或者處理可以吸引鳥類的濕地。收集哪些鳥類卷入襲擊的數(shù)據(jù)同樣重要，這樣可以更好地管理風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。許多機(jī)場(chǎng)還使用聲音信號(hào)來(lái)嚇跑鳥類，比如煙花的聲音)”可知，本段主要介紹了機(jī)場(chǎng)管理周圍的棲息地和鳥類，以趕走鳥類的各種方法。故選B項(xiàng)。
4.【2024屆廣東省茂名市高三一模試題】
Researchers have identified a grwing threat t astrnmy frm the sunlight reflecting ff cmmunicatin devices in space. One such device, a cmmunicatin satellite called BlueWalker 3, is currently ne f the brightest bjects visible frm Earth, matching the brightness f Prcyn and Achemar, tw f the brightest stars in the night sky.
“BlueWalker 3 is visible in bth dark sky and urban skies, thugh in urban settings this will be limited t when BlueWalker 3 passes verhead,” said Dr. Jeremy Treglan-Reed, a c-authr f the study at the University f Atacama in Chile. “Large cnstellatins (星座) f bright artificial satellites in lw Earth rbit pse significant challenges t grund-based astrnmy,” the study’s authrs wrte.
Treglan-Reed said a large reflective brightness means that when a satellite crsses the detectr f a telescpe, it leaves a mark that can be difficult, if nt impssible, t remve. This culd lead t lss f data frm the affected pixels (像素). But he said space-based astrnmy als faced challenges frm such satellites, nting that bservatins by the Hubble telescpe had increasingly been affected by marks frm Starlink satellites. Besides, the team ntes the radi frequencies used by BlueWalker 3 are clse t thse used fr radi astrnmy, raising the pssibility that such satellites culd cause interference.
While BlueWalker 3 was flded when it was launched last year, nce in space it pened up t reveal a huge surface area that reflected sunlight. Treglan-Reed added that even if all the reflective brightness f all satellites was reduced t belw the level visible by the naked eye, “the sky backgrund glw will increase due t the accumulative effect f having hundreds f thusands f satellites frm varius peratrs frm many cuntries in lw Earth rbit. It is disastrus!”
BlueWalker 3, built by AST Space Mbile, is just the first ne t be launched. The cmpany is planning a cnstellatin f satellites nicknamed BlueBirds, cnsisting f ver 100 similar satellites and aimed t prvide satellite netwrk service fr the whle wrld. Yu can imagine hw bright the night sky will be at that time!
12．What can we knw abut BlueWalker 3?
A．It threatens the sunlight.B．It was invented by Dr. Jeremy.
C．It is brighter than Prcyn and Achernar.D．It is visible in urban skies when passing verhead.
13．The brightness f BlueWalker 3 is mst likely t affect ________.
A．earth rbitB．space bservatin
C．radi frequencyD．satellite cmmunicatin
14．Cncerning the plan f BlueBirds, what might the authr agree with?
A．It has ptential drawbacks.B．It is bund t be accmplished.
C．It is irreplaceable fr astrnmy.D．It prvides netwrk service fr the wrld.
15．What’s the best title f the passage?
A．BlueWalker 3—A Bright and Dark “Star”B．BlueWalker 3—The Mst Valuable Satellite
C．The Night Sky—Glwing with BlueWalker 3D．The Night Sky—Heavily Plluted by BlueWalker 3
【答案】12．D 13．B 14．A 15．A
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了BlueWalker 3成為從地球可見的最亮的通信衛(wèi)星和它帶來(lái)的一些不利影響。
12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句““BlueWalker 3 is visible in bth dark sky and urban skies, thugh in urban settings this will be limited t when BlueWalker 3 passes verhead,” said Dr. Jeremy Treglan-Reed, a c-authr f the study at the University f Atacama in Chile.(智利阿塔卡馬大學(xué)這項(xiàng)研究的合著者杰里米·特雷格洛安·里德博士說(shuō)：“在黑暗的天空和城市的天空都能看到BlueWalker 3，盡管在城市環(huán)境中，這將僅限于BlueWalker 3從頭頂經(jīng)過(guò)的時(shí)候。”)”可知，BlueWalker 3從城市上空經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)可以被看到。故選D。
13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Treglan-Reed said a large reflective brightness means that when a satellite crsses the detectr f a telescpe, it leaves a mark that can be difficult, if nt impssible, t remve.( Treglan-Reed說(shuō)，大的反射亮度意味著，當(dāng)衛(wèi)星穿過(guò)望遠(yuǎn)鏡的探測(cè)器時(shí)，它會(huì)留下一個(gè)標(biāo)記，即使可能，也很難去除)”以及“But he said space-based astrnmy als faced challenges frm such satellites, nting that bservatins by the Hubble telescpe had increasingly been affected by marks frm Starlink satellites.(但他說(shuō)，天基天文學(xué)也面臨著來(lái)自這類衛(wèi)星的挑戰(zhàn)，他指出，哈勃望遠(yuǎn)鏡的觀測(cè)越來(lái)越多地受到星鏈衛(wèi)星標(biāo)記的影響)”可知，BlueWalker 3的亮度最有可能影響空間觀測(cè)。故選B。
14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“It is disastrus!(這是災(zāi)難性的！)”以及最后一段“The cmpany is planning a cnstellatin f satellites nicknamed BlueBirds, cnsisting f ver 100 similar satellites and aimed t prvide satellite netwrk service fr the whle wrld. Yu can imagine hw bright the night sky will be at that time!( 該公司正在計(jì)劃一個(gè)名為BlueBirds的衛(wèi)星星座，由100多顆類似的衛(wèi)星組成，旨在為全球提供衛(wèi)星網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)。你可以想象到那時(shí)的夜空將會(huì)多亮！)”可知， BlueWalker 3只是BlueBirds衛(wèi)星群100多顆衛(wèi)星中的一個(gè)，可想而知，當(dāng)所有衛(wèi)星都上天后，夜空將會(huì)變得多亮! 故可推知，作者認(rèn)為BlueBirds有潛在的缺點(diǎn)。故選A。
15．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Researchers have identified a grwing threat t astrnmy frm the sunlight reflecting ff cmmunicatin devices in space. One such device, a cmmunicatin satellite called BlueWalker 3, is currently ne f the brightest bjects visible frm Earth, matching the brightness f Prcyn and Achemar, tw f the brightest stars in the night sky.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，太空通信設(shè)備反射的太陽(yáng)光對(duì)天文學(xué)的威脅越來(lái)越大。其中一個(gè)這樣的設(shè)備是一顆名為BlueWalker 3的通信衛(wèi)星，它是目前從地球上可見的最亮的物體之一，其亮度與夜空中最亮的兩顆恒星——Prcyn和Achemar相當(dāng))”以及第二段““Large cnstellatins (星座) f bright artificial satellites in lw Earth rbit pse significant challenges t grund-based astrnmy,” the study’s authrs wrte.(該研究的作者寫道:“近地軌道上大量明亮的人造衛(wèi)星對(duì)地面天文學(xué)構(gòu)成了重大挑戰(zhàn)?！?”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了BlueWalker 3成為從地球可見的最亮的通信衛(wèi)星和它帶來(lái)的一些不利影響。故A選項(xiàng)“BlueWalker 3——一個(gè)既明亮又黑暗的‘星星’”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。
5.【2024屆廣東省江門市高三一模試卷】
Demgraphic changes, such as aging ppulatins and declining birth rates, pse challenges as well as ffer pprtunities fr industries and cuntries. T vercme the challenges and seize the pprtunities, especially t achieve lng-term ecnmic sustainability, ecnmies need t enhance plicies prmting innvatins.
Nw many cuntries in East Asia are facing the aging ppulatin and declining wrking-age ppulatin prblem. Cmpared with ther advanced cuntries, Japan encuntered the ppulatin aging prblem at a slightly earlier stage, starting in the mid-1990s. As Japan’s percentage f elderly ppulatin t the ttal ppulatin increased, it impacted the cuntry’s ecnmy, leading t a cntractin in dmestic demand and decline in bth prductin and cnsumptin, and restricting the grwth f ecnmy.
Sme innvative cmpanies have actively increased utward FDI (Freign Direct Investment), prviding cst advantages frm inexpensive verseas labr t maintain their cst cmpetitiveness. Hwever, the glbal ecnmy is facing the challenge f declining trade wing t the prtectinism practiced by certain cuntries. Cnsequently, the chances f bsting grwth thrugh utward FDI may be limited.
Develping artificial intelligence is anther slutin t the negative impacts f the demgraphic changes. AI and rbtics will play a crucial rle in stimulating prductivity and innvatin by making payment fr the decline in the wrking-age ppulatin, and the fllwing increase in prductivity will in turn raise the demand fr labr by creating new emplyment pprtunities.
AI, rbtics and ther advanced technlgies give rise t new tasks within their fields and acrss ther sectrs. Therefre, it is necessary t emply cperatin plicies t supprt crpratins that prmte innvatins by increasing investment in research and develpment, facilitating the grwth f new cmpanies, and building a perfect system t prtect intellectual prperties. Since AI and rbtics may replace certain jbs, it is essential t address the ptential challenges they may create in the labr market and wrk ut strategies t ensure a balanced and cmprehensive transitin.
8．What d we knw abut demgraphic changes frm the first tw paragraphs?
A．There is n need t wrry since the changes ffer pprtunities.
B．The changes wn’t affect the lng-term ecnmic sustainability.
C．Japan is the nly advanced cuntry facing the changes at present.
D．Things shuld be dne t vercme the challenges psed by the changes.
9．What des the underlined wrd “cntractin” mean in the secnd paragraph?
A．Push.B．Decrease.C．Pause.D．Change.
10．What is the writer’s attitude t FDI?
A．Favrable.B．Intlerant.C．Objective.D．Indifferent.
11．What des the writer advise t tackle the new tasks psed by advanced technlgies?
A．Withdrawing investment in research and develpment.
B．Adpting plicies that encurage innvatin f crpratins.
C．Establishing new cmpanies t prtect intellectual prperties.
D．Creating ptential labr market fr mre pssible emplyments.
【答案】8．D 9．B 10．C 11．B
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章闡述了現(xiàn)在很多國(guó)家面臨人口結(jié)構(gòu)失衡的現(xiàn)象，它們把解決問(wèn)題的方法投向了人工智能領(lǐng)域。作者呼吁各國(guó)政府要出臺(tái)相應(yīng)政策支持人工智能的開發(fā)，同時(shí)也要關(guān)注它可能帶來(lái)的負(fù)面影響。
8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“T vercme the challenges and seize the pprtunities, especially t achieve lng-term ecnmic sustainability, ecnmies need t enhance plicies prmting innvatins.(為克服挑戰(zhàn)、抓住機(jī)遇，特別是實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)的長(zhǎng)期可持續(xù)性，各經(jīng)濟(jì)體需要加強(qiáng)促進(jìn)創(chuàng)新的政策)”可知，我們應(yīng)該采取措施來(lái)克服人口變化帶來(lái)的挑戰(zhàn)。故選D。
9．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“As Japan’s percentage f elderly ppulatin t the ttal ppulatin increased, it impacted the cuntry’s ecnmy”以及后文“in dmestic demand and decline in bth prductin and cnsumptin, and restricting the grwth f ecnmy”可知，隨著日本老齡人口比例的上升，國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)受到影響，國(guó)內(nèi)需求“減少”，從而導(dǎo)致生產(chǎn)力和消費(fèi)下降，經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)也受到約束，故劃線詞意思是“減少”。故選B。
10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Sme innvative cmpanies have actively increased utward FDI(Freign Direct Investment), prviding cst advantages frm inexpensive verseas labr t maintain their cst cmpetitiveness. Hwever, the glbal ecnmy is facing the challenge f declining trade wing t the prtectinism practiced by certain cuntries. Cnsequently, the chances f bsting grwth thrugh utward FDI may be limited.(一些創(chuàng)新型企業(yè)積極增加對(duì)外直接投資（FDI），利用海外廉價(jià)勞動(dòng)力的成本優(yōu)勢(shì)保持成本競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。然而，由于某些國(guó)家實(shí)行保護(hù)主義，全球經(jīng)濟(jì)正面臨貿(mào)易下降的挑戰(zhàn)。因此，通過(guò)對(duì)外直接投資促進(jìn)增長(zhǎng)的機(jī)會(huì)可能有限)”可推知，作者分別提到了FDI的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)，即對(duì)FDI的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選C。
11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Therefre, it is necessary t emply cperatin plicies t supprt crpratins that prmte innvatins by increasing investment in research and develpment, facilitating the grwth f new cmpanies, and building a perfect system t prtect intellectual prperties.(因此，有必要通過(guò)加大研發(fā)投入、促進(jìn)新企業(yè)成長(zhǎng)、建立完善的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)制度等合作政策，支持推動(dòng)創(chuàng)新的企業(yè))”可知，作者建議采取鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)創(chuàng)新的政策來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)先進(jìn)技術(shù)帶來(lái)的新任務(wù)。故選B。
6.【2024屆廣東省梅州市高三一模試題】
A wild African bird that will lead peple t trees with hneycmb (蜂巢) seems t smehw learn the distinct whistles and calls f the human fragers (覓食者) wh live near them.
This bird species has far mre infrmatin abut what the bees are ding than humans ever culd. In Tanzania, Hadza fragers can use a special whistle t attract this bird, which will then fly dwn and start leading them t hney. With its nisy chattering sund, the bird is very cnspicuus. Once the bird arrives at a tree with hney inside, it will rest near the beehive silently, seemingly nt t disturb the bees. “That’s the signal t the Hadza t really start searching,” says Brian Wd, an anthrplgist at University f Califrnia, Ls Angeles. Pretty sn, the fragers will lcate the hive and cut pen the tree trunk.
It is fund that the birds are mre likely t shw up when the familiar signal used by the lcals is being bradcast. Accrding t the research, the birds appear 82% f the time when Hadza whistles are being played. But they appear nly 24% f the time when the researchers play the whistles traditinally used in a different cuntry.
This makes it clear that the birds have learned what their human neighbrs d when they want t partner up and g hney-hunting. “This is a very strng result which supprts the idea that there’s a learning prcess invlved,” says Wd.
But hw d the birds learn? It’s still unclear. What is clear is that this human-animal cmmunicatin seems t benefit bth parties, and it may g back many thusands f years. When the hneycmb is ut, the birds get sme f the beeswax, which they lve t eat. And the human fragers get the hney—which is an enrmusly imprtant fd fr the Hadza. Wd has calculated that the Hadza get abut 10% f the calries in their annual diet with the help f the birds.
8．What des the underlined wrd “cnspicuus” in Para.2mean?
A．Eye-catching.B．Care-free.C．Naughty.D．Attractive.
9．What can we knw abut the birds?
A．They are raised by humans.B．They help cut pen the tree trunk.
C．They feed n hney as their annual diet.D．They can distinguish different whistles.
10．Which f the fllwing can best describe the hney gathering?
A．A cmplex dilemma.B．An unfair trade.
C．A duble-edged swrd.D．A win-win cperatin.
11．Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．The familiar signal in the frest.
B．A talented expert in hunting the bees.
C．A wnderful guide t cllecting hney.
D．The human-animal cmmunicatin in Tanzania.
【答案】8．A 9．D 10．D 11．C
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了一種將人類帶到有蜂巢的樹上的非洲野鳥似乎不知何故學(xué)會(huì)了住在它們附近的人類覓食者獨(dú)特的口哨聲和叫聲，從而幫助人類和自己獲得蜂蜜。
8．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文“With its nisy chattering sund(這只鳥嘰嘰喳喳叫得很響)”可知，響亮的叫聲這只鳥引人注目，由此可知，cnspicuus意為“引人注目的”。故選A。
9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“It is fund that the birds are mre likely t shw up when the familiar signal used by the lcals is being bradcast. Accrding t the research, the birds appear 82% f the time when Hadza whistles are being played. But they appear nly 24% f the time when the researchers play the whistles traditinally used in a different cuntry.(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)播放當(dāng)?shù)厝耸煜さ男盘?hào)時(shí)，這些鳥更有可能出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)這項(xiàng)研究，當(dāng)哈扎哨聲響起時(shí)，這些鳥出現(xiàn)的幾率為82%。但當(dāng)研究人員吹響另一個(gè)國(guó)家傳統(tǒng)上使用的哨子時(shí)，它們出現(xiàn)的幾率只有24%。)”可知，這些鳥能夠區(qū)分不同的哨聲。故選D。
10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“What is clear is that this human-animal cmmunicatin seems t benefit bth parties, and it may g back many thusands f years.(可以肯定的是，這種人類與動(dòng)物之間的交流似乎對(duì)雙方都有好處，而且這種交流可能可以追溯到幾千年前。)”可知，這個(gè)采蜜的過(guò)程是一個(gè)雙贏的合作。故選D。
11．主旨大意題。文章講述了一種將人類帶到有蜂巢的樹上的非洲野鳥似乎不知何故學(xué)會(huì)了住在它們附近的人類覓食者獨(dú)特的口哨聲和叫聲，從而幫助人類和自己獲得蜂蜜。由此可知，C項(xiàng)：A wnderful guide t cllecting hney.(一個(gè)收集蜂蜜的好向?qū)А?是最合適的標(biāo)題。故選C。
7.【2024屆廣東省汕頭市高三一模試題】
The integratin f artificial intelligence (AI) in educatinal technlgy has brught cnvenience and efficiency t classrms wrldwide. Hwever, despite these advancements, it is crucial t recgnize the significant challenges it pses t the autnmy and prfessinal judgment f instructrs. One f the primary cncerns assciated with AI-driven tls in educatin is the depersnalizatin f instructin. These tls ften rely n pre-packaged digital cntent and standardized slutins, leaving little rm fr instructrs t tailr their teaching methds.
Each student pssesses unique characteristics, including distinct learning styles, strengths, and weaknesses. Instructrs, armed with their wealth f experience and expertise, are best psitined t custmize their appraches t meet these individual needs. They knw hw t adapt t their students’ varying learning styles. Hwever, AI-driven platfrms restrict their ability t d s effectively, resulting in a ne-size-fits-all apprach that fails t engage and inspire students t reach their maximum ptential.
The implicatins f this depersnalizatin are far-reaching. By diminishing(降低) the rle f instructrs as facilitatrs f meaningful educatinal interactins, we run the risk f preventing the grwth f critical thinking and prblem-slving skills amng students.
Educatin shuld nt merely fcus n knwledge acquisitin (習(xí)得), but shuld als develp the ability t analyze, evaluate, and apply that knwledge in real-wrld cntexts. It shuld help ne’s mind grw, nt simply pssess infrmatin. Thrugh dynamic classrm discussins, cperative prjects, and hands-n activities, instructrs play a vital rle in cultivating these essential skills. AI-driven platfrms, with their standardized slutins and autmated features, are ill-equipped t prvide the same level f engagement and intellectual stimulatin as human instructrs. While AI-driven platfrms undeniably have their advantages, we must nt lse sight f the imprtance f preserving instructrs’ autnmy and the educatinal experience they prvide.
12．Why d AI-driven tls fail t help instructrs adjust their teaching methds?
A．Their slutins will be challenged.B．They dn’t have prfessinal judgement.
C．Their digital cntent is set previusly.D．They think little f the students’ autnmy.
13．What advantage d instructrs have ver AI-driven tls?
A．They are mre prfessinal.B．They can satisfy individual needs.
C．They have higher efficiency.D．They adpt ne-size-fits-all apprach.
14．In which aspect des depersnalizatin in educatin influence n students?
A．Their respnse in classrm discussins.
B．Their ability in slving real life prblems.
C．Their willingness t cperate with thers.
D．Their adaptability t varius learning styles.
15．What shuld educatin fcus n apart frm knwledge acquisitin?
A．Ding cperative prjects.B．Organizing hands-n activities.
C．Develping thinking ability.D．Evaluating students’ develpment.
【答案】12．C 13．B 14．B 15．C
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了人工智能(AI)與教育技術(shù)的融合為世界各地的課堂帶來(lái)了便利和效率。然而，盡管取得了這些進(jìn)步，但認(rèn)識(shí)到這對(duì)教師的自主性和專業(yè)判斷構(gòu)成的重大挑戰(zhàn)是至關(guān)重要的。
12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“These tls ften rely n pre-packaged digital cntent and standardized slutins, leaving little rm fr instructrs t tailr their teaching methds.(這些工具通常依賴于預(yù)先打包的數(shù)字內(nèi)容和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化解決方案，教師幾乎沒有空間來(lái)定制他們的教學(xué)方法。)”可知，人工智能驅(qū)動(dòng)的工具無(wú)法幫助教師調(diào)整教學(xué)方法，因?yàn)槠鋽?shù)字內(nèi)容是之前設(shè)置的。故選C。
13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Each student pssesses unique characteristics, including distinct learning styles, strengths, and weaknesses. Instructrs, armed with their wealth f experience and expertise, are best psitined t custmize their appraches t meet these individual needs. They knw hw t adapt t their students’ varying learning styles.(每個(gè)學(xué)生都有獨(dú)特的特點(diǎn)，包括不同的學(xué)習(xí)方式、優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)。教師擁有豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和專業(yè)知識(shí)，最適合定制他們的方法來(lái)滿足這些個(gè)人需求。他們知道如何適應(yīng)學(xué)生不同的學(xué)習(xí)方式。)”可知，與人工智能驅(qū)動(dòng)的工具相比，教師的優(yōu)勢(shì)在于他們可以滿足個(gè)人需求。故選B。
14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“By diminishing(降低) the rle f instructrs as facilitatrs f meaningful educatinal interactins, we run the risk f preventing the grwth f critical thinking and prblem-slving skills amng students.(通過(guò)削弱教師作為有意義的教育互動(dòng)促進(jìn)者的作用，我們冒著阻礙學(xué)生批判性思維和解決問(wèn)題能力發(fā)展的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。)”可知，教育中去人格化對(duì)學(xué)生的影響主要表現(xiàn)在學(xué)生解決現(xiàn)實(shí)生活問(wèn)題的能力上。故選B。
15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Educatin shuld nt merely fcus n knwledge acquisitin (習(xí)得), but shuld als develp the ability t analyze, evaluate, and apply that knwledge in real-wrld cntexts.(教育不應(yīng)該僅僅關(guān)注知識(shí)的獲取，還應(yīng)該培養(yǎng)分析、評(píng)價(jià)和在現(xiàn)實(shí)環(huán)境中應(yīng)用這些知識(shí)的能力。)”可知，教育除了注重知識(shí)的獲取外，還應(yīng)注重思維能力的培養(yǎng)。故選C。
8.【2024屆廣東省深圳市高三一模試題】
“Why des grandpa have ear hair?” Just a few years ag my child was s curius t knw “why” and “hw” that we had t cut ff her questins five minutes befre bedtime. Nw a sn-t-be furth grader, she says that she dislikes schl because “it’s nt fiun t learm.” I am shcked. As a scientist and parent, I have dne everything I can t prmte a lve f learning in my children. Where did I g wrng?
My child’s experience is nt unique. Develpmental psychlgist Susan Engel ntes that curisity defined as “spntaneus (自發(fā)的)” investigatin and eagerness fr new infrmatin-drps dramatically in children by the furth grade.
In Wnder: Childhd and the Lifelng Lve f Science, Yale psychlgist Frank C． Keil details the develpment f wnder — a spntaneus passin t explre, discver, and understand. He takes us n a jurney frm its early develpment, when wnder drives cmmn sense and scientific reasning, thrugh the drp-ff in wnder that ften ccurs, t the trap f life in a sciety that devalues wnder.
As Keil ntes, children are particularly rich in wnder while they are rapidly develping causal mechanisms (因果機(jī)制) in the preschl and early elementary schl years. They are sensitive t the thers’ knwledge and gals, and they expertly use their desire fr questining. Children’s questins, particularly thse abut “why” and “hw” supprt the develpment f causal mechanisms which can be used t help their day-t-day reasning.
Unfrtunately, as Keil ntes, “adults greatly underestimate yung children’s causal mechanisms.” In the bk, Wnder, Keil shws that we can supprt children’s nging wnder by playing games with them as partners, encuraging questin-asking, and fcusing n their abilities t reasn and cnclude.
A decline in wnder is nt unavidable. Keil reminds us that we can accept wnder as a desirable psitive quality that exists in everyne. I value wnder deeply, and Wnder has given me hpe by prpsing a future fr my children that will remain wnder-full.
8．What is a cmmn prblem amng furth graders?
A．They upset their parents t ften.B．They ask t many strange questins.
C．Their lve fr fun disappears quickly.D．Their desire t learn declines sharply.
9．What can be inferred abut children’s causal mechanisms in paragraph 4?
A．They cntrl children’s sensitivity.B．They slightly change in early childhd.
C．They hardly supprt children’s reasning.D．They develp thrugh children’s questining.
10．Hw can parents supprt children’s nging wnder accrding t Keil?
A．By mnitring their games.B．By welcming inquiring minds.
C．By estimating their abilities.D．By prviding reasnable cnclusins.
11．What is the text?
A．A bk review.B．A news reprt.C．A research paper.D．A children’s stry.
【答案】8．D 9．D 10．B 11．A
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹的是Wnder這本書的主要內(nèi)容，這本書主要分析的是為什么孩子們對(duì)外界事物的好奇會(huì)在四年級(jí)時(shí)急劇減少。
8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Develpmental psychlgist Susan Engel ntes that curisity defined as “spntaneus (自發(fā)的)” investigatin and eagerness fr new infrmatin-drps dramatically in children by the furth grade.(發(fā)展心理學(xué)家Susan Engel指出，到四年級(jí)時(shí)，被定義為“自發(fā)”調(diào)查的好奇心和對(duì)新信息的渴望會(huì)急劇下降。)”可知，四年級(jí)學(xué)生的常見問(wèn)題是他們的學(xué)習(xí)欲望急劇下降。故選D。
9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Children’s questins, particularly thse abut “why” and “hw” supprt the develpment f causal mechanisms which can be used t help their day-t-day reasning.(孩子們的問(wèn)題，特別是那些關(guān)于“為什么”和“如何”的問(wèn)題，支持因果機(jī)制的發(fā)展，可以用來(lái)幫助他們的日常推理。)”可知，從第4段可以推斷出兒童的因果機(jī)制是通過(guò)孩子們的提問(wèn)發(fā)展起來(lái)的。故選D。
10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“In the bk, Wnder, Keil shws that we can supprt children’s nging wnder by playing games with them as partners, encuraging questin-asking, and fcusing n their abilities t reasn and cnclude.(在Wnder這本書中，Keil告訴我們，我們可以通過(guò)和孩子們一起玩游戲，鼓勵(lì)他們提問(wèn)，關(guān)注他們推理和總結(jié)的能力，來(lái)支持孩子們持續(xù)的驚奇。)”可知，根據(jù)Keil的說(shuō)法，父母可以通過(guò)歡迎孩子們問(wèn)問(wèn)題來(lái)支持孩子們不斷的驚奇，故選B。
11．推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是倒數(shù)第二段“In the bk, Wnder, Keil shws that we can supprt children’s nging wnder by playing games with them as partners, encuraging questin-asking, and fcusing n their abilities t reasn and cnclude.(在Wnder這本書中，Keil告訴我們，我們可以通過(guò)和孩子們一起玩游戲，鼓勵(lì)他們提問(wèn)，關(guān)注他們推理和總結(jié)的能力，來(lái)支持孩子們持續(xù)的驚奇。)”可知，本文主要介紹的是Wnder這本書的主要內(nèi)容，因此這本書是書評(píng)，故選A。
9.【2024屆廣東省湛江市一模試卷】
The Rbbers Cave Experiment was part f a series f studies cnducted by scial psychlgist Muzafer Sherif and his wrkmates in the 1940s and 1950s. The researchers divided bys at a summer camp int tw grups, and they studied hw cnflict develped between them. They als investigated what did and didn’t wrk t reduce grup cnflict. The bys were left in the dark abut the experiment.
In the 1954 study, bys wh were apprximately 11~12 years ld thught that they were participating in a typical summer camp, which tk place at Rbbers Cave State Park. Hwever, the campers’ parents knew that their children were actually participating in a research study.
The bys arrived at the camp in tw separate grups: fr the first part f the study, they spent time with members f their wn grup, withut knwing that the ther grup existed. The grups chse names, the Eagles and the Rattlers.
After a shrt perid f time, the bys became aware f the existence f the ther grup and began t speak negatively abut the ther grup. Then the researchers arranged a cmpetitive turnament between the grups, cnsisting f games such as baseball and tug-f-war and the relatinship between the tw grups quickly became tense. The campers rated their wn grup mre psitively than the rival (對(duì)立) grup.
T determine the factrs that culd reduce grup cnflict, the researchers first brught the campers tgether fr fun activities such as having a meal r watching a mvie tgether. Hwever, this didn’t wrk t reduce cnflict.
Next, Sherif and his wrkmates tried having the tw grups wrk n cmmn gals. Fr example, the camp’s water supply was cut ff purpsely by the researchers, and the Eagles and the Rattlers wrked tgether t fix the prblem. Wrking n shared gals eventually reduced cnflict and friendships began t frm with members f the ther grup. In the end, sme f the campers requested that everyne frm bth grups take the bus hme tgether, and ne grup bught drinks fr the ther grup.
8．What can be inferred abut the campers in the 1954 experiment?
A．Their parents held smething back frm them.
B．They were asked t take part in a scial practice.
C．They were participating in a typical summer camp.
D．Their grups were frmed by the names they chse.
9．What is the beginning f the bys’ negative attitude t the ther grup?
A．Being asked t rate the ther grup.
B．Hearing negative remarks frm the ther grup.
C．Cmpeting in a turnament against the ther grup.
D．Becming aware f the existence f the ther grup.
10．Why was the camp’s water supply cut ff?
A．T cause a cnflict between the tw grups.
B．T test the campers’ prblem-slving ability.
C．T get the tw grups t wrk fr a cmmn gal.
D．T see hw much the campers care abut each ther.
11．What can be a cnclusin frm Sherif’s experiment?
A．Fights between different grups are unavidable.
B．One shuld seek friendship with utgrup members.
C．Fun activities are the best ways t reduce grup cnflict.
D．Grup members tend t turn against utgrup members.
【答案】8．A 9．D 10．C 11．D
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了研究表明群體成員傾向于反對(duì)群體外成員，文章介紹了研究開展的具體過(guò)程。
8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“The bys were left in the dark abut the experiment. (孩子們對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)一無(wú)所知。)”和第二段中“Hwever, the campers’ parents knew that their children were actually participating in a research study. (然而，營(yíng)員的父母知道他們的孩子實(shí)際上是在參與一項(xiàng)研究。)”可知，1954年實(shí)驗(yàn)中的營(yíng)員參加了一個(gè)象征性的夏令營(yíng)。故選A。
9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“After a shrt perid f time, the bys became aware f the existence f the ther grup and began t speak negatively abut the ther grup. (過(guò)了很短的一段時(shí)間，男孩們開始意識(shí)到另一個(gè)群體的存在，并開始說(shuō)另一個(gè)群體的壞話。)”可知，男孩對(duì)另一組的消極態(tài)度始于意識(shí)到另一個(gè)群體的存在。故選D。
10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Next, Sherif and his wrkmates tried having the tw grups wrk n cmmn gals. Fr example, the camp’s water supply was cut ff purpsely by the researchers, and the Eagles and the Rattlers wrked tgether t fix the prblem. (接下來(lái)，謝里夫和他的同事們?cè)囍寖蓚€(gè)小組為共同的目標(biāo)而努力。例如，研究人員故意切斷了營(yíng)地的供水，老鷹隊(duì)和響尾蛇隊(duì)共同努力解決了這個(gè)問(wèn)題。)”可知，營(yíng)地的供水被切斷了是為了讓兩組人為了一個(gè)共同的目標(biāo)而工作。故選C。
11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“After a shrt perid f time, the bys became aware f the existence f the ther grup and began t speak negatively abut the ther grup. Then the researchers arranged a cmpetitive turnament between the grups, cnsisting f games such as baseball and tug-f-war and the relatinship between the tw grups quickly became tense. The campers rated their wn grup mre psitively than the rival (對(duì)立) grup. (過(guò)了很短的一段時(shí)間，男孩們開始意識(shí)到另一個(gè)群體的存在，并開始說(shuō)另一個(gè)群體的壞話。然后，研究人員在兩組之間安排了一場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性比賽，包括棒球和拔河等游戲，兩組之間的關(guān)系很快變得緊張起來(lái)。營(yíng)員們對(duì)自己那一組的評(píng)價(jià)比對(duì)手那一組更積極。)”可知，在這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程中，兩個(gè)組的孩子們?cè)诘弥獙?duì)方存在的時(shí)候，就開始表現(xiàn)出敵意，后面的研究項(xiàng)目是看在什么情況下敵意會(huì)加劇，什么情況下敵意會(huì)被消除。故可推知，Sherif的實(shí)驗(yàn)可以得出結(jié)論：群體成員傾向于反對(duì)群體外成員。故選D。
【2024屆廣東省肇慶市高三一檢試題】
Healthy human skin is cvered with bacteria (細(xì)菌) that are quick t settle in an pen wund. T prevent these rganisms frm spreading thrugh the bdy, which can permanently injure r kill a persn, the infected wund may need t be cleaned and treated with antibitics. Medical prfessinals typically identify infectins by unwrapping and bserving a wund r by swabbing (用拭子擦拭) it and cnducting a labratry test. But remving a wund dressing can slw dwn the healing prcess. Plus, bservatins are subjective, while swab tests take time and require that a patient be physically present.
T address these issues, sme research teams are develping devices that sit under bandages and cntinuusly mnitr indirect signs f infectin, such as changes in wund temperature r acidity. And scientists at the Natinal University f Singapre have nw created an even mre direct infectin sensr.
This sensr can detect an enzyme (酶) called DNase. The enzyme acts as a reliable infectin indicatr because disease-causing bacteria prduce it in large amunts inside wunds, whereas bacteria n healthy skin d nt—s testing fr the substance reduces the chance f a false psitive result. Furthermre, DNase builds up befre ther infectin signs appear. The new alert system, nicknamed the“wireless infectin detectin n wunds” (WINDOW) sensr, was detailed in Science Advances.
WINDOWs enzyme-sensing parts rely n a material called DNAgel. There searchers develped a particular kind f DNAgel that remains stable in watery envirnments, such as the human bdy, but begins t break dwn in the presence f DNase. They cnnected this gel (凝膠) t a chip that senses when the gel respnds by sending a signal t a smartphne.
Thus far, the team has expsed the DNAgel t wund swabs frm 18 peple’s wunds t see hw much the material degraded in the presence f the bacteria. There searchers als used the device n six living lab mice whse wunds were expsed t the same bacterial species, and it successfully detected infectins.
8．What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
A．The harm f cmmn wunds.
B．The treatment f infected wunds.
C．The interventin n wund healing.
D．The dilemma f infectin bservatin.
9．Hw des the WINDOW sensr detect infectins?
A．By cmparing wund acidity.
B．By detecting the DNase enzyme.
C．By measuring the bacteria amunt.
D．By bserving changes in wund clr.
10．What can we expect f the WINDOW sensr in the future?
A．It will cut dwn the length f infectin-treating.
B．It culd reduce the cst f infectin bservatin.
C．It can mnitr wunds cntinuusly and remtely.
D．It might help cnduct labratry tests n wunds.
11．What can be the best title fr the text?
A．Innvatins in Wund Infectin Detectin
B．Remving the Dangers f Open Wunds
C．Recgnizing the Rle f DNase in Healing
D．Challenges in Wund Care and Treatment
【答案】8．D 9．B 10．C 11．A
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一種能夠檢測(cè)識(shí)別傷口感染的新設(shè)備。
8．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Medical prfessinals typically identify infectins by unwrapping and bserving a wund r by swabbing (用拭子擦拭)it and cnducting a labratry test. But remving a wund dressing can slw dwn the healing prcess. Plus, bservatins are subjective, while swab tests take time and require that a patient be physically present.”（醫(yī)療專業(yè)人員通常通過(guò)打開和觀察傷口或通過(guò)擦拭傷口并進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)室測(cè)試來(lái)識(shí)別感染。但是去除傷口敷料會(huì)減緩愈合過(guò)程；此外，觀察是主觀的，而棉簽測(cè)試需要時(shí)間，并且需要患者親自到場(chǎng)。）可知，第一段主要表達(dá)了醫(yī)療人員所用的觀察識(shí)別感染的方法，在實(shí)施過(guò)程中還是有一定困難和弊端的，可見是處于困境中。故選D。
9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“The enzyme acts as a reliable infectin indicatr because disease-causing bacteria prduce it in large amunts inside wunds, whereas bacteria n healthy skin d nt—s testing fr the substance reduces the chance f a false psitive result.”（這種酶是一種可靠的感染指標(biāo)，因?yàn)閭趦?nèi)的致病細(xì)菌會(huì)大量產(chǎn)生這種酶，而健康皮膚上的細(xì)菌則不會(huì)，因此檢測(cè)這種物質(zhì)可以減少假陽(yáng)性結(jié)果的可能性。）和“The new alert system, nicknamed the“wireless infectin detectin n wunds” (WINDOW) sensr, was detailed in Science Advances.”（這種新的警報(bào)系統(tǒng)被稱為“傷口無(wú)線感染檢測(cè)”(WINDOW)傳感器，詳細(xì)內(nèi)容發(fā)表在《科學(xué)進(jìn)展》雜志上。）可知，WINDOW是通過(guò)檢測(cè)DNase酶來(lái)檢測(cè)感染的。故選B。
10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“They cnnected this gel(凝膠)t a chip that senses when the gel respnds by sending a signal t a smartphne.”（他們將這種凝膠連接到一個(gè)芯片上，該芯片通過(guò)向智能手機(jī)發(fā)送信號(hào)來(lái)感知凝膠的反應(yīng)。）可知，在未來(lái)，WINDOW感應(yīng)器可以通過(guò)智能手機(jī)來(lái)持續(xù)地進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控傷口情況。故選C。
11．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“T address these issues, sme research teams are develping devices that sit under bandages and cntinuusly mnitr indirect signs f infectin, ”（為了解決這些問(wèn)題，一些研究團(tuán)隊(duì)正在開發(fā)一種設(shè)備，這種設(shè)備可以放在繃帶下，持續(xù)監(jiān)測(cè)感染的間接跡象）和“And scientists at the Natinal University f Singapre have nw created an even mre direct infectin sensr.”（新加坡國(guó)立大學(xué)的科學(xué)家們現(xiàn)在發(fā)明了一種更直接的感染傳感器。）以及下文對(duì)這種設(shè)備的介紹可知，本文主要介紹了一種檢測(cè)傷口感染的新的設(shè)備，是傷口感染檢測(cè)的創(chuàng)新。所以用A項(xiàng)“Innvatins in Wund Infectin Detectin”作為本文的標(biāo)題與文章主題相符合。故選A。
11.【2024屆高三廣東省高三一模試卷】
If yu’ve nticed yu’re getting less while yur bill almst stays the same, it’s nt just yu. “Shrinkflatin” — reducing a prduct’s size r quantity while keeping its price stable — is shwing up in shps arund the wrld.
As the glbal ecnmy struggles with inflatin (通貨膨脹), rising material csts and higher human cst, cnsumers are bearing the increasing prductin prices. “Cnsumers are mre likely t ntice hw their purchases are affecting their wallets than the amunt f prduct lst when sizes decrease,” says Mark Stiving, the chief pricing educatr at Impact Pricing. As a result, cmpanies use shrinkflatin t make cnsumers “l(fā)ess painful”.
Yet even as shrinkflatin cmes with inflatin, the prblem desn’t end after inflatin des. Once the new sizes are n the shelf, they are likely t stay that way. “Shppers dn’t have a chice. They have t adapt themselves t the changes,” adds Stiving. There are rare exceptins, but cmpanies generally take the pprtunity t get mre prfits.
Fr many cmpanies, shrinkflatin seems t be unavidable. In fd industry, fr example, where custmers are highly sensitive t price, lifting prices might make custmers jump ship t anther brand. But facing the cntinuus inflatin, the cmpanies have t d smething t maintain their prfits. Intrducing small reductin in the size f their gds shuld enable them t imprve prfits while keeping their prices cmpetitive. But nce custmers ntice the change, they might feel fled, leading t a lss f trust and cnfidence.
Sme grcers are using stickers t remind shppers f shrinkflatin, but still, it’s a tugh hit t the bttm line — especially because the price f prducts generally desn’t fall as inflatin des. Cnsumers may need t examine bth price and size sensibly as they shp, and make sure they dn’t fall int the trap f that super size n the shelf.
8．Why des shrinkflatin make cnsumers “l(fā)ess painful” accrding t Stiving?
A．Shrinkflatin reduces human cst.
B．Shrinkflatin raises purchasing pwer.
C．Cnsumers becme mre aware f size.
D．Cnsumers experience little increase in cst.
9．What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A．The cncerns f shppers.B．The interests f cmpanies.
C．The impact f shrinkflatin.D．The phenmenn f inflatin.
10．What is the authr’s attitude t the shrinkflatin in paragraph 4?
A．Favrable.B．Objective.
C．Dismissive.D．Unclear.
11．What shuld cnsumers d accrding t the last paragraph?
A．Draw a bttm line.B．Put warning stickers.
C．Chse smaller packs.D．Make a cnscius decisin.
【答案】8．D 9．C 10．B 11．D
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章主要講述一種經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)現(xiàn)象：縮水式通貨膨脹，及其原因和影響。
8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“‘Cnsumers are mre likely t ntice hw their purchases are affecting their wallets than the amunt f prduct lst when sizes decrease,’ says Mark Stiving, the chief pricing educatr at Impact Pricing. As a result, cmpanies use shrinkflatin t make cnsumers ‘less painful’.(Impact pricing的首席定價(jià)教育專家Mark Stiving表示：‘當(dāng)尺寸減小時(shí)，消費(fèi)者更有可能注意到他們的購(gòu)買對(duì)他們錢包的影響，而不是產(chǎn)品損失的數(shù)量。’因此，企業(yè)利用縮水式通脹讓消費(fèi)者‘不那么痛苦’)”可知，相比于商品尺寸的減少，消費(fèi)者更關(guān)注價(jià)格的波動(dòng)，因此，縮水式通貨膨脹來(lái)使消費(fèi)者成本幾乎沒有增加，從而“不那么痛苦”，故選D。
9．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容，結(jié)合前兩句“Yet even as shrinkflatin cmes with inflatin, the prblem desn’t end after inflatin des. Once the new sizes are n the shelf, they are likely t stay that way.(然而，即使縮水式通脹伴隨著通脹而來(lái)，問(wèn)題也不會(huì)在通脹結(jié)束后才結(jié)束。一旦新尺碼上市，它們很可能會(huì)一直保持這種狀態(tài))”可知，本段主要講述縮水式通貨膨脹的后續(xù)影響，即產(chǎn)品的尺寸一旦減少，后續(xù)可能很難再變回來(lái)，故選C。
10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Fr many cmpanies, shrinkflatin seems t be unavidable. In fd industry, fr example, where custmers are highly sensitive t price, lifting prices might make custmers jump ship t anther brand. But facing the cntinuus inflatin, the cmpanies have t d smething t maintain their prfits. Intrducing small reductin in the size f their gds shuld enable them t imprve prfits while keeping their prices cmpetitive. But nce custmers ntice the change, they might feel fled, leading t a lss f trust and cnfidence.(對(duì)許多公司來(lái)說(shuō)，縮水式通脹似乎是不可避免的。例如，在消費(fèi)者對(duì)價(jià)格高度敏感的食品行業(yè)，提高價(jià)格可能會(huì)讓消費(fèi)者跳槽到另一個(gè)品牌。但是面對(duì)持續(xù)的通貨膨脹，公司不得不做些什么來(lái)維持他們的利潤(rùn)。把產(chǎn)品的尺寸縮小一點(diǎn)可以使他們?cè)诒３謨r(jià)格競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的同時(shí)提高利潤(rùn)。但是，一旦客戶注意到這種變化，他們可能會(huì)覺得自己被愚弄了，從而導(dǎo)致信任和信心的喪失)”可知，作者在本段中提到迫于市場(chǎng)的諸多因素，對(duì)許多公司來(lái)說(shuō)縮水式通貨膨脹是無(wú)法避免的，這可以保證其公司在市場(chǎng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。但消費(fèi)者可能會(huì)感覺受到了欺騙，導(dǎo)致信任和信心的喪失。因此，作者對(duì)于縮水式通貨膨脹的態(tài)度是客觀的，既指出了其帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題，也指出了其對(duì)公司的好處，故選B。
11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Cnsumers may need t examine bth price and size sensibly as they shp, and make sure they dn’t fall int the trap f that super size n the shelf.(消費(fèi)者在購(gòu)物時(shí)可能需要理智地檢查價(jià)格和尺碼，并確保自己不會(huì)落入貨架上超大尺碼的陷阱)”可知，本段提到消費(fèi)者在購(gòu)物時(shí)需要明智地考慮價(jià)格和尺寸，確保自己不會(huì)陷入價(jià)格陷阱。因此，消費(fèi)者應(yīng)該做出明智的決定，故選D。
12.【2024屆廣東省廣州市三中高三一模卷】
A blind fish living within a Mexican cave system’s deep, enduring darkness still maintains sme ability t sense light. As the cave fish n lnger seem t rely n an internal daily cycle and sme sleep very little, bilgist Inca Stein-dal and her clleagues were keen t see if their bdies can still regulate cyclically thrugh time. Mst animals n Earth have an internal clck fr this the circadian rhythm (晝夜節(jié)律) that uses light levels t make ur bdies fit in with ur planet’s day and night cycles. This rhythm is then used t cycle thrugh different bilgical prcesses that can influence ur behaviur, such as ur hunger cycles.
The Mexican blind cave fish live in a cmplex f ver 30 islated caves, within which they have each independently adjusted t the dark. Their bdies are extra sensitive t vibratins (震動(dòng)), allwing them t sense changes in water currents fr navigatin (導(dǎo)航) in cmpensatin fr their limited r cmplete lack f sight. This adaptatin ccurred despite the fish frm each cave evlving frm the same species with fully functining eyes. This ancestral grup still lives in the surface waters in the El Albra regin f Mexic and sme parts f the Suthwestern US.
Steindal and her team tk tissue samples frm the blind cave fish, frm three islated caves, and their surface relatives and tested the cells in different cnditins. They detected the activatin f several mlecular (分子的) clck mechanisms when the cells were expsed t light, even in the cave fish cells. “Nn-visual light detectin is maintained at a fundamental cell-based level,” the researchers explain,althugh the cave fish cells did nt respnd as strngly as thse cells frm surface fish. While there were sme similarities between the fish frm the different caves cmpared t their surface relatives, there were als differences that cnfirm their bilgical clck changes each evlved independently f ne anther via different mlecular mechanisms.
“We have prvided prf that despite being blind, cells frm the Mexican blind cave fish can detect light and make their clcks fit in with a light/dark cycle,” Steindal and her clleagues cnclude. The team hpes these can help us learn mre abut the circadian rhythm and prvide an easier way t study animal adaptatins t dark envirnments.
8．As t the cave fish, what did Steindal and her fellws try t find ut?
A．If they have a circadian rhythm.B．If they rely n an internal daily cycle.
C．If they need t sleep.D．If they are able t sense light.
9．What is the main idea f Paragraph 2?
A．The Mexican cave fish’s ancestrs had nrmal visin.
B．The Mexican cave fish’s hme is in the dark deep sea.
C．The Mexican cave fish have adapted t darkness.
D．The Mexican cave fish have truble navigating.
10．Which f the fllwing can supprt the cnclusin f the study?
A．Cave fish’s unique mlecular structures.
B．Nn-visual light detectin in cave fish cells.
C．The cave fish’s adjustment t0 mlecular clck mechanisms.
D．Bilgical clck changes evlved independently.
11．What is a suitable title fr the text?
A．Why D the Mexican Cave fish Live in the Darken“
B．A Blind Cave fish Can Still Perceive Light.
C．Hw Can the Mexican Cave fish Fit in with the Day Cycles?
D．The Bilgical Clcks f the Life in the Sen Are Cnstantly Changing.
【答案】8．A 9．C 10．B 11．B
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了墨西哥盲洞魚在深層洞穴中的生存情況，以及它們對(duì)光的感知能力。研究人員通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)，盡管盲洞魚無(wú)法看見，但它們的細(xì)胞仍然可以感知光線，并在一定程度上調(diào)節(jié)其生物鐘。這表明即使在黑暗環(huán)境下，生物的生物鐘仍然可以通過(guò)不同的分子機(jī)制進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)。
8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“As the cave fish n lnger seem t rely n an internal daily cycle and sme sleep very little, bilgist Inca Stein-dal and her clleagues were keen t see if their bdies can still regulate cyclically thrugh time. Mst animals n Earth have an internal clck fr this the circadian rhythm (晝夜節(jié)律) that uses light levels t make ur bdies fit in with ur planet’s day and night cycles.(由于洞穴魚似乎不再依賴于體內(nèi)的日常循環(huán)，有些睡眠很少，生物學(xué)家印加·斯坦達(dá)爾和她的同事們渴望了解它們的身體是否仍然可以隨著時(shí)間的推移進(jìn)行周期性調(diào)節(jié)。地球上的大多數(shù)動(dòng)物都有一個(gè)生物鐘，晝夜節(jié)律利用光線水平使我們的身體適應(yīng)地球的晝夜循環(huán))”可知，斯坦達(dá)爾和她的同事們想要找出洞穴魚是否可以隨著時(shí)間的推移進(jìn)行周期性調(diào)節(jié)，即是否有晝夜節(jié)律。故選A項(xiàng)。
9．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中“The Mexican blind cave fish live in a cmplex f ver 30 islated caves, within which they have each independently adjusted t the dark. Their bdies are extra sensitive t vibratins (震動(dòng)), allwing them t sense changes in water currents fr navigatin (導(dǎo)航) in cmpensatin fr their limited r cmplete lack f sight. This adaptatin ccurred despite the fish frm each cave evlving frm the same species with fully functining eyes.(墨西哥盲洞魚生活在一個(gè)由30多個(gè)孤立的洞穴組成的復(fù)雜環(huán)境中，每個(gè)洞穴都能獨(dú)立地適應(yīng)黑暗。它們的身體對(duì)振動(dòng)特別敏感，這使它們能夠感知水流的變化，以便導(dǎo)航，以補(bǔ)償它們有限或完全失明的視力。盡管來(lái)自每個(gè)洞穴的魚都是從具有完全功能的眼睛的同一物種進(jìn)化而來(lái)的，但這種適應(yīng)還是發(fā)生了)”可知，第二段主要介紹了墨西哥盲洞魚身體對(duì)振動(dòng)特別敏感，以補(bǔ)償它們有限或完全失明的視力，主要說(shuō)明了它們已經(jīng)適應(yīng)了黑暗。故選C項(xiàng)。
10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中““We have prvided prf that despite being blind, cells frm the Mexican blind cave fish can detect light and make their clcks fit in with a light/dark cycle,” Steindal and her clleagues cnclude.(斯坦達(dá)爾和她的同事總結(jié)道：“我們已經(jīng)提供了證據(jù)，證明盡管失明，但墨西哥盲洞魚的細(xì)胞可以探測(cè)到光，并使它們的生物鐘適應(yīng)光/暗周期?！?可知，研究的結(jié)論是墨西哥盲洞魚的細(xì)胞可以探測(cè)到光。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“They detected the activatin f several mlecular (分子的) clck mechanisms when the cells were expsed t light, even in the cave fish cells. “Nn-visual light detectin is maintained at a fundamental cell-based level,” the researchers explain, althugh the cave fish cells did nt respnd as strngly as thse cells frm surface fish.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)細(xì)胞暴露在光線下時(shí)，幾個(gè)分子時(shí)鐘機(jī)制被激活，即使在盲洞魚細(xì)胞中也是如此。研究人員解釋說(shuō)，盡管盲洞魚的細(xì)胞不像水面魚的細(xì)胞那樣強(qiáng)烈，“非視覺光檢測(cè)維持在基本的細(xì)胞水平上，”)”可知，盲洞魚細(xì)胞的非視覺光探測(cè)維持在基本的細(xì)胞水平上，說(shuō)明它的時(shí)鐘機(jī)制會(huì)被激活，證明盲洞魚也可以探測(cè)到光。所以，盲洞魚細(xì)胞的非視覺光探測(cè)能支持該研究的結(jié)論。故選B項(xiàng)。
11．主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中““We have prvided prf that despite being blind, cells frm the Mexican blind cave fish can detect light and make their clcks fit in with a light/dark cycle,” Steindal and her clleagues cnclude.(一條生活在墨西哥洞穴系統(tǒng)的深處、持久的黑暗中的盲洞魚仍然保持著一些感知光線的能力)”和最后一段中“We have prvided prf that despite being blind, cells frm the Mexican blind cave fish can detect light and make their clcks fit in with a light/dark cycle (我們已經(jīng)提供了證據(jù)，證明盡管失明，但墨西哥盲洞魚的細(xì)胞可以探測(cè)到光，并使它們的生物鐘適應(yīng)光/暗周期)”可知，本文介紹了研究人員通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)，盡管盲洞魚無(wú)法看見，但它們的細(xì)胞仍然可以感知光線，所以“A Blind Cave fish Can Still Perceive Light.(盲洞魚仍能感知光)”是研究的結(jié)論，也是文章最佳標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。

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