中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)題型講義第04講閱讀理解之判斷正誤（講義）（2份，原卷版+解析版）-試卷下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

【復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)】
1.熟練語篇類型和語篇結(jié)構(gòu)
2.明確命題規(guī)律和提問方式
3.掌握不同題型的解題方法
【考情分析】
閱讀判斷命題規(guī)律
正誤判斷題主要考察學(xué)生閱讀分析、理解、應(yīng)用和判斷的能力，要求根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容對所給句子即題干，做出正誤判斷。此類題型往往依托短文內(nèi)容進(jìn)行發(fā)揮，或者給出意思相近或相反的幾個(gè)句子要求辨別、判斷，或者變換詞語、句子結(jié)構(gòu)來考查同一意思的不同表達(dá)。
設(shè)題：以細(xì)節(jié)理解題為主，主旨大意題和推理判斷題為輔。
【名師解難】
做這種閱讀理解題道先通讀全文，把握大意。然后閱讀所給題干，再讀原文，在文中找出對應(yīng)的詞句。在對句子進(jìn)行判斷時(shí)，建議使用對照法，即將原文中與題干意思相近的句子或段落找出來，與題干一一對照，詳細(xì)區(qū)分，切不可片面理解，更不可想當(dāng)然。對于簡單明了的文章，要注意其首尾句，以及表明文章主旨的中心句、關(guān)鍵語等。對讀了一遍意思還不夠明了的文章，我們除了要了解全文，弄清人物、地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間、原因等要點(diǎn)外，還要仔細(xì)推敲復(fù)雜的句子，弄清句子及全文的意思。
閱讀判斷答題技巧
判斷正誤型題目往往是從文中提取出一個(gè)句子，通過對其細(xì)節(jié)的修改或說法的改變或同義的轉(zhuǎn)換而讓做題者判斷該說法是否符合文意。本題型共分為三大類，即細(xì)節(jié)理解型、推理判斷型、主旨大意型。
答題步驟：
答題第一步：瀏覽題干，標(biāo)注定位詞。
答題第二步：通讀全文，了解大意，標(biāo)注與題干相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞。
答題第三步：跳讀關(guān)鍵詞所在的句子，將題干與原文進(jìn)行對比、歸納，確定答案。
答題第四步：無法直接從定位句找到答案的題目，需綜合全文進(jìn)行推斷，得出答案。
答題第五步：復(fù)讀全文，檢查答案。
答題第六步：核對答案，反思錯(cuò)題。
（一）
（2023·云南昆明·昆明八中校考模擬預(yù)測）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷正誤（正確的填“T”，錯(cuò)誤的填“F”），并將所選答案涂到答題卡的相應(yīng)位置上。
Earth Day is n April 22nd every year. Earth Day is a day t remember t take care f ur planet, Earth. We can take care f ur planet by keeping it clean.
We can keep Earth clean by fllwing the rule f “reduce, reuse, recycle”. Reduce means use less. We can reduce ur use f things like water r gasline. Reuse means use again, rather than thrw things away. We can reuse many things, such as plastic bags and bxes. Recycle means t make smething new frm smething ld. We can keep Earth clean by recycling materials such as paper, wd and plastic. If we take these materials t a recycling center, they can be used again in a different way.
On Earth Day, we remind urselves and everyne n Earth that we must d these things. We must d these things every day, nt just n Earth Day. We must all d ur part, and we can make a difference. On April 22nd, remind everyne yu knw that every day is Earth Day!
1．April 22nd is a day t remember t take care f ur planet.
2．In rder t keep Earth clean, there’s a rule we must fllw.
3．Reuse means t make smething new frm smething ld.
4．We can recycle sme materials and use them in a different way.
5．We need t d everything we can t keep Earth clean nly n Earth Day.
【答案】1．T 2．F 3．F 4．T 5．F
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了地球日。
1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Earth Day is n April 22nd every year. Earth Day is a day t remember t take care f ur planet, Earth.”可知，4月22日是一個(gè)需要記住照顧我們星球的日子。故選T。
2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“We can keep Earth clean by fllwing the rule f ‘reduce, reuse, recycle’.”可知，我們可以通過遵循“減少、再利用、再循環(huán)”的規(guī)則來保持地球清潔。不止一個(gè)規(guī)則。故選F。
3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Reuse means use again, rather than thrw things away.”可知，重復(fù)使用意味著再次使用，而不是用舊的東西制作新的東西。故選F。
4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“If we take these materials t a recycling center, they can be used again in a different way.”可知，我們可以回收一些材料，并以不同的方式使用它們。故選T。
5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“We must d these things every day, nt just n Earth Day.”可知，我們每天都應(yīng)該做保護(hù)環(huán)境的事情，而不是只在地球日去做。故選F。
（二）
（2023·黑龍江綏化·模擬預(yù)測）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷對錯(cuò)，對的選“T”，錯(cuò)的選“F”。
The beaver（河貍）is mainly fund in Nrth America. It is abut three and a half feet lng, including the tail, which is a ft in length.
Beavers build themselves the mst lvely huts（小屋）t live in, and quite ften a great number f these huts are placed clse tgether, like the buildings in a twn. They always build their huts n the banks（岸）f rivers r lakes, as they swim much mre easily than they walk, and prefer mving abut in the water.
When they build n the bank f a running stream, they make a dam（堤壩）acrss the stream fr the purpse f keeping the water at the height they wish. These dams are usually made f mud, stnes and the branches f trees. They are smetimes six r seven hundred feet in length and are built s well that they lk mre like the wrk f man than f little animals.
Their huts are made f the same material as the dams and are rund in shape. They start building their huses late in the summer but d nt get them finished befre the early frst（霜凍）. The cld weather makes them tighter and strnger.
The fur（毛皮）f the beaver is highly prized. A hunter（獵人）nce saw five yung beavers playing. They were jumping n the branches f a tree that lay near a beaver dam and pushing ne anther ff int the water. He mved frward very slwly and was abut t sht at the little animals. But their funny tricks reminded him s much f his little children at hme that he thught it wuld be cruel t kill them. S the gentleman left them quietly.
6．Nrth America is hme t the beaver.
7．Beavers usually build their huts in the water.
8．Beavers dn’t get their huts finished until the early frst appears because they are afraid f ht weather.
9．Frm the passage, we can tell beavers are gd at building huts.
10．The hunter didn’t kill the five yung beavers because he thught it was cruel t kill these lvely nes.
【答案】6．T 7．F 8．F 9．T 10．T
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了河貍的相關(guān)信息。
6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The beaver（河貍）is mainly fund in Nrth America.”可知，河貍主要分布在北美。故答案為T。
7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“They always build their huts n the banks（岸）f rivers r lakes”可知，河貍總是把小屋建在河邊或湖邊，不是在水里。故答案為F。
8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“They start building their huses late in the summer but d nt get them finished befre the early frst（霜凍）. The cld weather makes them tighter and strnger.”可知，河貍在夏末開始建造房子，但在早霜之前不會(huì)完工。寒冷的天氣使它們變得更緊實(shí)更強(qiáng)壯，不是因?yàn)楹ε聼崽鞖?。故答案為F。
9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Beavers build themselves the mst lvely huts（小屋）t live in, and quite ften a great number f these huts are placed clse tgether, like the buildings in a twn.”及“Their huts are made f the same material as the dams and are rund in shape.”可知，河貍很擅長蓋小屋。故答案為T。
10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“But their funny tricks reminded him s much f his little children at hme that he thught it wuld be cruel t kill them. S the gentleman left them quietly.”可知，獵人沒有殺死這五只小河貍，因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為殺死這些可愛的河貍是殘忍的。故答案為T。
（三）
（2023·吉林松原·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）
Strawberries lk nice, but a light pressure can make them ut f shape. Nwadays there are many yung peple wh are just like strawberries. They easily break dwn when they face difficulties. They dn’t knw what t d when they are in truble. They have a cmmn name—strawberry kids.
Why are many students s easy t break dwn? Parents and schls are a main reasn. Parents d almst everything fr them in their daily life, while schls care mre abut their grades instead f develping their persnality (個(gè)性). Liu Yue, 13, is frm Fujian. His mm hardly criticizes (批評) him and he always feels gd abut himself. When a teacher criticized him strictly, he felt surprised and sad. He began t dubt his ability.
Students shuld d smething t make themselves mentally strng. An expert said, “When yu are in truble, dn’t ask fr help t quickly. Yu shuld try t deal with prblems first by yurself. I als advise yu t take an active part in sprts and scial activities. That can make yu mentally strng.
Grwing up is nt just a happy prcess (過程). Pains als g alng with it. The mst imprtant thing is t face the pains bravely and learn frm them.
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷下列各句正（T）誤（F）。
11．Sme students are called “strawberry kids” because they all like t eat strawberries.
12．Liu Yue’s mther ften criticizes him.
13．Parents d almst everything fr their children in their daily life.
14．Accrding t the text, students shuld ask fr help quickly when they are in truble.
15．The writer advises students t be brave in the face f pains.
【答案】11．F 12．F 13．T 14．F 15．T
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了現(xiàn)在社會(huì)上有許多年輕人稱為“草莓孩子”，他們遇到困難就會(huì)崩潰，文中講述對于這些孩子們應(yīng)該如何解決困難。
11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“They easily break dwn when they face difficulties. They dn’t knw what t d when they are in truble. They have a cmmn name—strawberry kids.”可知，一些學(xué)生稱為“草莓孩子”因?yàn)樗麄兠鎸щy的時(shí)候很容易崩潰。故答案為F。
12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Liu Yue, 13, is frm Fujian. His mm hardly criticizes (批評) him and he always feels gd abut himself.”可知，劉悅的母親很少批評他。故答案為F。
13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Parents d almst everything fr them in their daily life,”可知，父母在孩子們的日常生活中幾乎為他們做了一切。故答案為T。
14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“When yu are in truble, dn’t ask fr help t quickly.”可知，當(dāng)你遇到麻煩時(shí)，不要太快尋求幫助。故答案為F。
15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Grwing up is nt just a happy prcess (過程). Pains als g alng with it. The mst imprtant thing is t face the pains bravely and learn frm them.”可知，作者建議學(xué)生勇敢地面對痛苦。故答案為T。
（四）
（2023·吉林長春·長春市解放大路學(xué)校?？寄M預(yù)測）
Lts f kids wuld like t change their hair. Often, girls care abut it mst, but bys may be interested in hw their hair lks, t. When yu g thrugh puberty (青春期), smetimes hair will change all by itself.
Maybe it used t be lighter and nw it’s darker. Or maybe it’s much ilier (更油膩的) used t be, and nw yu need t wash it mre. When yu’re getting lder, yu will pay mre attentin t yur lks. Yu might suddenly decide yu want a hairstyle as ther kids at schl have.
But sme styles and lks require chemical treatment r heat and lng hurs at the hair saln (理發(fā)店). Sme peple dye (給……染色) their hair a different clr, r make their hair straight. Are these treatments OK fr kids? At any age, any chemical treatment f yur hair can d harm t it. If yu pull yur hair t hard, it can harm the skin under it and maybe make yur hair fall ut. S yu may get careful with yur hair.
It’s fun trying new lks and styles. Yu can als shw yurself thrugh yur style. Hwever, feeling wnderful and beautiful starts frm the inside. Therefre, shw yur beauty inside n matter what style yu wear. Everyne will ntice that yu’re beautiful and yur hair lks great, t.
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷句子正(T)、誤(F)。
16．Bys care mre abut their hairstyles than girls.
17．The hair may get darker when yu g thrugh puberty.
18．The chemical treatment is harmful t yur hair.
19．Yur hair will never fall ut if yu pull it straight.
20．The writer thinks the true beauty is frm the inside.
【答案】16．F 17．T 18．T 19．F 20．T
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了孩子頭發(fā)的顏色及發(fā)型變化的一些具體的原因分析以及燙發(fā)染發(fā)的傷害。
16．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Lts f kids wuld like t change their hair. Often, girls care abut it mst, but bys may be interested in hw their hair lks, t.”可知男孩比女孩更在乎自己的發(fā)型。故填F。
17．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“When yu g thrugh puberty (青春期), smetimes hair will change all by itself.”以及第二段“Maybe it used t be lighter and nw it’s darker.”可知當(dāng)你進(jìn)入青春期時(shí)，頭發(fā)可能會(huì)變深色。故填T。
18．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“At any age, any chemical treatment f yur hair can d harm t it.”可知化學(xué)處理對你的頭發(fā)有害。故填T。
19．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“If yu pull yur hair t hard, it can harm the skin under it and maybe make yur hair fall ut.”可知如果你把頭發(fā)拉直，你的頭發(fā)就永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)掉下來。故填F。
20．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Hwever, feeling wnderful and beautiful starts frm the inside.”可知作者認(rèn)為真正的美來自內(nèi)在。故填T。
（五）
（2023·吉林長春·吉林省實(shí)驗(yàn)校考模擬預(yù)測）
China is a cuntry with many clrful days and festivals. The Dragn Head Raising Day (Lngtaitu) is ne f them. This special day is n the secnd day f the secnd mnth in the Chinese lunar calendar. It stands fr the start f spring and farming.
The dragn is imprtant fr Chinese peple. We Chinese peple call urselves the “descendants (傳人) f the dragn”. Therefre, peple celebrate the Dragn Head Raising Day with many custms. On the day in ancient times, peple put ash (灰) in the kitchen. This was t “l(fā)ead the dragn int the huse”. Peple believed that with the help f the dragn, they culd have a gd harvest (收成) in autumn.
Als, peple eat special fds n that day. The fds are usually named after dragns. Fr example, peple eat “dragn whisker (須)” ndles and dumplings called “dragn teeth”.
Tday, many custms have disappeared. But ne that has remained is the cutting f hair. It is said that a haircut during the first lunar mnth may bring bad luck t the uncles f the family—mainly mther’s brthers. S many peple have their hair cut n the Dragn Head Raising Day.
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷句子正 (T)、誤 (F)。
21．The Lngtaitu is n the third day f the secnd mnth in the Chinese lunar calendar.
22．We Chinese call urselves the “descendants f the dragn”.
23．Peple put ash in the kitchen n the Dragn Head Raising Day in ancient times.
24．Nwadays, many peple dn’t have their hair cut n the Dragn Head Raising Day.
25．The passage mainly tells us hw t celebrate the Dragn Bat Festival in China.
【答案】21．F 22．T 23．T 24．F 25．F
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了二月二龍?zhí)ь^日。
21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“This special day is n the secnd day f the secnd mnth in the Chinese lunar calendar”可知龍?zhí)ь^日是在中國農(nóng)歷的二月初二。故答案為F。
22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“We Chinese peple call urselves the ‘descendants (傳人) f the dragn’”可知我們中國人稱自己為“龍的傳人”。故答案為T。
23．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“On the day in ancient times, peple put ash (灰) in the kitchen.”可知在古時(shí)候，人們把灰放在廚房里。故答案為T。
24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“S many peple have their hair cut n the Dragn Head Raising Day.”可知很多人在龍?zhí)ь^這天都要理發(fā)。故答案為F。
25．主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了二月二龍?zhí)ь^日。故答案為F。
（六）
（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·哈爾濱市第四十七中學(xué)校考模擬預(yù)測）
On a sunny afternn, I was walking alng a busy rad when I nticed a yung man standing near the crssing selling tys. Usually, I wuld hurry past such sellers. But I fund this yung man was blind, s I std fr sme time withut crssing the street. I wanted t see hw he sld his things.
Sn, a yung mther with a little girl came by and the child set her eyes n ne f the teddy bears. The mther asked the price and it was nly ne dllar. She tk 10 dllars ut f her handbag and tld the yung man that she was giving him 10 dllars and wanted the change back. I was wndering hw he was ging t d it. He tld the yung mther t put the mney in the bag hanging arund his neck and take ut her change.
I realized that this yung man believed peple nt t cheat him. There was n way fr him t knw if smene wuld take ut mre than they shuld have. I was s tuched. I bught a mdel car frm him that I did nt need. As I walked dwn the street, I gave the mdel car t a by walking with his father.
I kept thinking that the wrld wuld be a better place if we culd all learn t trust thers mre, like the yung blind street seller.
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷正、誤。（注意：考生將答題卡相應(yīng)的位置涂黑。正確的涂“A”，錯(cuò)誤的涂“B”）
26．The writer was walking alng a busy rad when he nticed a yung man standing near the crssing selling tys n a sunny mrning.
27．The yung man thught that peple were believable s he made peple put mney and take their change ut f the bag by themselves.
28．The yung mther with her little girl paid 10 yuan fr the teddy bear.
29．The writer gave the mdel car t a girl walking with her father at last.
30．Frm the passage, we can knw that the wrld will be a better place if we can all learn t trust thers mre.
【答案】26．B 27．A 28．B 29．B 30．A
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了作者看到路口一位失明的年輕人，在路口賣玩具，讓顧客自己付錢找零錢，作者被這位失明的年輕人對人們的信任所感動(dòng)，由此想到如果我們都像這位年輕的盲人一樣更多地相信他人，這個(gè)世界將會(huì)變得更美好。
26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“On a sunny afternn, I was walking alng a busy rad when I nticed a yung man standing near the crssing selling tys.”可知，作者是在一個(gè)陽光明媚的下午看見一個(gè)年輕人在路口賣玩具，而不是上午。故答案為B。
27．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“He tld the yung mther t put the mney in the bag hanging arund his neck and take ut her change.”可知，這位年輕人相信人們，所以讓他們自己把錢放進(jìn)掛在他脖子上的包里，并且自己拿需要找給他們的零錢。故答案為A。
28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“She tk 10 dllars ut f her handbag and tld the yung man that she was giving him 10 dllars and wanted the change back.”可知，這位年輕的母親付了十美元，但是還需要找她零錢，所以并不是付十美元買這個(gè)泰迪熊。故答案為B。
29．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“As I walked dwn the street, I gave the mdel car t a by walking with his father.”可知，作者把這個(gè)汽車模型給了一個(gè)男孩，而不是女孩。故答案為B。
30．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“I kept thinking that the wrld wuld be a better place if we culd all learn t trust thers mre, like the yung blind street seller.”可知，從這篇文章中我們可以學(xué)到，如果我們都像這位年輕的盲人一樣更多地相信他人，這個(gè)世界將會(huì)變得更美好。故答案為A。
（七）
（2023·四川成都·四川省成都市七中育才學(xué)校?？寄M預(yù)測）
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷句子正誤。正確的涂“A”，錯(cuò)誤的涂“B”。
Ht summer is cming. It’s time t enjy delicius ice-cream. Hwever, sme ice-cream bars are nw called “assassins (刺客)” fr their surprisingly high prices. But when they were first invented, they were all abut making peple happy.
In the 1920s, Harry Burt ran a candy stre in the USA．One day, he develped a smth chclate cating (涂層). Burt first cut sme ice-cream int cubids (長方體). He then cvered the ice-cream with the new chclate cating.
When Burt let his children try this new dessert, his daughter said the ice-cream bar was t “messy” t eat. Then Burt’s sn suggested adding a wden stick t the dessert.
Burt named it “Gd Humr bar”. It sn became ppular. Later, he sent sme trucks t sell these ice-cream bars. Peple wuld knw it was time fr sme ice-cream when they heard the trucks’ bells. Tday, yu can still see Gd Humr trucks in America!
31．Ice-cream bars became t expensive fr peple t enjy.
32．It has been abut 100 years since Gd Humr bar was invented.
33．Harry Burt’s daughter disliked the new dessert because it wuld be messy.
34．Harry Burt’s new dessert gt ppular because peple culd easily get it n the trucks.
35．Frm the passage, we can infer that sme inventins can make peple’s life mre clrful.
【答案】31．B 32．A 33．A 34．B 35．A
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了冰淇凌棒的發(fā)明歷史。
31．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Hwever, sme ice-cream bars are nw called ‘a(chǎn)ssassins (刺客)’ fr their surprisingly high prices.”可知，“冰淇凌太貴，人們無法想用”這句話是錯(cuò)誤的，故答案為B。
32．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“In the 1920s, Harry Burt ran a candy stre in the USA. One day, he develped a smth chclate cating (涂層). Burt first cut sme ice-cream int cubids (長方體). He then cvered the ice-cream with the new chclate cating”可知，在20世紀(jì)20年代Harry Burt發(fā)明了一種光滑的巧克力涂層，由此可推斷，發(fā)明至今已有100多年的歷史，故答案為A。
33．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“When Burt let his children try this new dessert, his daughter said the ice-cream bar was t ‘messy’ t eat.”可知，女兒說冰淇淋棒太“臟”了，不能吃，故答案為A。
34．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“It sn became ppular. Later, he sent sme trucks t sell these ice-cream bars. Peple wuld knw it was time fr sme ice-cream when they heard the trucks’ bells.”可知，新甜點(diǎn)很受歡迎并不是因?yàn)槿藗兒苋菀装阉诺娇ㄜ嚿?，故答案為B。
35．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Tday, yu can still see Gd Humr trucks in America!”及全文可知，現(xiàn)在仍然可以在美國看到它們，因?yàn)轭愃七@樣的發(fā)明可以使人們的生活更加豐富多彩，才會(huì)一直受歡迎，故答案為A。
（八）
（2023·四川成都·成都七中校考三模）
閱讀下面對話，根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容判斷句子的正誤。正確的寫“A”，錯(cuò)誤的寫“B”。
Imagine: when yu are abut t pick a flwer, suddenly, it starts t scream! Althugh this will never really happen, a new study shws that plants can make sunds when they are stressed.
Sme researchers in Israel did the study. They used ultrasnic micrphnes (超聲波麥克風(fēng)) t recrd the sunds f tmat plants in bxes.
Three grups f plants were listened t: One grup wasn’t watered fr five days, anther grup had the stems cut ff, and the third grup was untuched. It turned ut that the first tw grups made sunds nce per hur. “When tmat plants are nt stressed at all, they are very quiet,” ne f the researchers said.
The researchers didn’t knw hw the sunds were made, but they believed the nises came frm the breaking f air bubbles(氣泡) in the plants. This means the nises were prduced by the plants themselves naturally.
Als, the researchers listened t ther plants like crn and fund they als made mre sunds when feeling stressed. Researchers said the study wuld be gd fr the farmers in the future, as they culd better take care f the crps (莊稼) by “hearing” the plants’ feelings.
36．We can easily hear plants shut whey they are stressed.
37．The plants that weren’t watered fr five days prduced mre sunds than the plants than that had their stems cut ff.
38．Accrding t Paragraph 3, we knw that the plants like quiet envirnments.
39．The underlined sentence means that plants didn’t make the nises n purpse.
40．The study is meaningful and it can help farmers plant crps better.
【答案】36．B 37．B 38．B 39．A 40．A
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究成果，即植物在受到壓力時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)出聲音。
36．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“when yu are abut t pick a flwer, suddenly, it starts t scream! Althugh this will never really happen, a new study shws that plants can make sunds when they are stressed.”可知，植物在受到壓力時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)出聲音，但是人們并不能很容易就聽到這種聲音，表述錯(cuò)誤。故填B。
37．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“It turned ut that the first tw grups made sunds nce per hur.”可知，五天不澆水的植物和被切斷莖的植物發(fā)聲頻率相同，表述錯(cuò)誤。故填B。
38．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“When tmat plants are nt stressed at all, they are very quiet”可知，植物沒有壓力的時(shí)候，它們非常安靜，不會(huì)發(fā)出聲音，并不能得出“植物喜歡安靜的環(huán)境”的結(jié)論，表述錯(cuò)誤。故填B。
39．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“This means the nises were prduced by the plants themselves naturally.”可知，這些噪音是植物自身自然產(chǎn)生的，并不是植物故意發(fā)出聲音的。故填A(yù)。
40．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Researchers said the study wuld be gd fr the farmers in the future, as they culd better take care f the crps (莊稼) by ‘hearing’ the plants’ feelings.”可知，這項(xiàng)研究是有意義的，它可以幫助農(nóng)民更好地種植作物。故填A(yù)。
（九）
（2023·新疆烏魯木齊·烏市一中?？寄M預(yù)測）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷下面各小題的正（T）誤（F）。
In sme cities, students have lunch at schl. D yu have lunch at schl? What d yu have? Let’s lk at students’ lunch bxes all ver the wrld.
Spain—Spanish lunch usually have a few dishes. The children may have rice, sup r vegetables as the first dish and then sme meat as the secnd dish. They ften end up with their lunch with fruit r ygurt.
Singapre—Students in Singapre dn’t g t a traditinal dining hall. They visit cking shps. Students can chse bth traditinal fd and western fd.
France—Healthy meals are the rules in many French schls. A French schl lunch may have chicken with green beans and cheese.
Finland—The Finnish schl lunches are at least 50% vegetables and 25% prteins (蛋白質(zhì)). On Thursdays, Finnish schls serve the traditinal sup with pancakes.
Japan—The Japanese schl lunches have rice, meat, fresh fruit and vegetables. Rice and fish are the basis fr many f the meals.
41．Spanish students ften finish lunches with fruit and ygurt.
42．Students in Singapre have lunch in cking shps.
43．Finnish schls serve bth traditinal fd and western fd n Thursdays.
44．French students ften have unhealthy fd fr lunch.
45．Rice and fish are the basis fr lts f Japanese students’ lunches.
【答案】41．T 42．T 43．F 44．F 45．T
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了世界各地學(xué)生午餐的情況。
41．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“They ften end up with their lunch with fruit r ygurt”可知，西班牙學(xué)生通常以水果或酸奶結(jié)束午餐，故答案為T。
42．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Students in Singapre dn’t g t a traditinal dining hall. They visit cking shps”可知，新加坡的學(xué)生在烹飪店吃午餐，故答案為T。
43．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“On Thursdays, Finnish schls serve the traditinal sup with pancakes.”可知，每周四，芬蘭學(xué)校會(huì)提供傳統(tǒng)的煎餅湯，而不是傳統(tǒng)的食物和西方食物，故答案為F。
44．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Healthy meals are the rules in many French schls. A French schl lunch may have chicken with green beans and cheese”可知，法國學(xué)生午飯吃健康的食物，而不是午餐吃不健康的食品，故答案為F。
45．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Rice and fish are the basis fr many f the meals”可知，米飯和魚是許多日本學(xué)生午餐的基礎(chǔ)。故答案為T。
（十）
（2023·湖南湘西·統(tǒng)考三模）
閱讀判斷讀短文，判斷句子是否符合短文內(nèi)容。符合的選T，不符合的選F。
The mst ppular way t welcme the new year in the United States is t have a big party. Sme parties are at peple’s hmes. But in recent years, it has becme mre and mre cmmn fr Americans t g t a htel r a club r a restaurant n the night f December the 31st. There, they can have dinner, drink and dance.
Mst New Year’s parties have smething in cmmn. First f all, they are usually nisy. Peple sing and bands play. And ften, guests pull a cracker when the clck strikes twelve at midnight. Peple think that lud sunds wuld drive away the evil(邪惡的) spirits f the ld year befre the new year begins.
The biggest and nisiest New Year party in the United States takes place at Times Square in New Yrk City. Thusands f peple gather there. Sme f them ring bells r let ff crackers. Others blw whistles r car hrns. And at 12 ’clck, they begin t cheer. An electric sign in the shape f a red apple lights up n tp f a tall building.
46．The article is abut New Year’s celebratins in the USA．
47．In recent years, Americans have parties at hmes n the night f December the 31st.
48．Mst New Year’s parties are different in the United States.
49．The biggest and nisiest New Year party takes place at Times Square in New Yrk City.
50．Mst New Year parties are usually nisy because peple want t get rid f bad luck f the ld year.
【答案】46．T 47．F 48．F 49．T 50．T
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了美國慶祝新年的方式。
46．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The mst ppular way t welcme the new year in the United States is t have a big party.”及全文可知，本文主要介紹了美國慶祝新年的方式，也就是美國的信念慶?；顒?dòng)，故選T。
47．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“But in recent years, it has becme mre and mre cmmn fr Americans t g t a htel r a club r a restaurant n the night f December the 31st”可知，近年來，美國人在12月31日晚上去旅館、俱樂部或餐館已經(jīng)變得越來越普遍，題干表述錯(cuò)誤，故選F。
48．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Mst New Year’s parties have smething in cmmn.”可知，大多數(shù)新年聚會(huì)都有一些共同點(diǎn)，而不是不同的，故選F。
49．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The biggest and nisiest New Year party in the United States takes place at Times Square in New Yrk City. ”可知，美國最大、最熱鬧的新年晚會(huì)在紐約時(shí)代廣場舉行。故選T。
50．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“First f all, they are usually nisy. Peple sing and bands play. And ften, guests pull a cracker when the clck strikes twelve at midnight. Peple think that lud sunds wuld drive away the evil(邪惡的) spirits f the ld year befre the new year begins.”（首先，它們通常很吵。人們唱歌，樂隊(duì)演奏。通常，客人們會(huì)在午夜十二點(diǎn)鐘敲響的時(shí)候拉鞭炮。人們認(rèn)為響亮的聲音可以在新年開始前趕走舊年的惡靈）可知，大多數(shù)新年聚會(huì)通常很吵，因?yàn)槿藗兿胍獢[脫舊年的壞運(yùn)氣。故選T。
（十一）
（2023·山東聊城·統(tǒng)考三模）
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷其后面所給句子的對錯(cuò)。正確的為A，錯(cuò)誤的為B。
English is spken mstly in the US, the UK, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Suth Africa. In China and many ther cuntries, English is the mst imprtant freign language that children learn at schl, because when they grw up, it will be quite pssible fr them t meet peple frm ther cuntries. They will need a cmmn language t cmmunicate with each ther. English is nw used by nearly a quarter f the wrld’s ppulatin, and anywhere yu g in the wrld, there is a gd chance that yu will meet smene wh speaks English.
The reasn why English is spken everywhere is that in the nineteenth century, English became the language f wrld trade. And in the twentieth century, the US spread English t the wrld thrugh newspapers, televisin and films. It is nw the cmmn language fr internatinal travel, science, industry, and recently, infrmatin technlgy and the Internet.
It is als imprtant t knw that English has brrwed many wrds frm ther languages, fr example, “restaurant” frm French, “zer” frm Arabic, “pian” frm Italian, and “tfu” frm Chinese.
Will the imprtance f English last? As China cntinues t grw, many peple think that Chinese will becme as cmmn as English by the middle f the twenty-first century. Hwever, mst peple still think that English will be used mst arund the wrld, at least fr the next twenty r thirty years.
S wh wns English? The answer is everyne wh speaks it. Even thugh we speak different types f English, we are all part f an internatinal club. We all wn English.
51．In China, English is the mst imprtant language that children learn at schl.
52．Nearly a quarter f the wrld’s ppulatin speak English.
53．English became the language f wrld trade abut ne hundred years ag.
54．”Tfu” was first used by Chinese peple.
55．In the future, English wn’t be spken by Chinese peple.
【答案】51．B 52．A 53．B 54．A 55．B
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了英語在當(dāng)今世界的使用情況，在未來漢語也會(huì)變得越來越重要，但是在相當(dāng)長的一段時(shí)間里，英語的國際地位是不會(huì)改變的。
51．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“In China and many ther cuntries, English is the mst imprtant freign language that children learn at schl”可知在中國和許多其他國家，英語是孩子們在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)的最重要的外語，而不是最重要的語言。故填B。
52．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“English is nw used by nearly a quarter f the wrld’s ppulatin”可知現(xiàn)在世界上近四分之一的人口使用英語。故填A(yù)。
53．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The reasn why English is spken everywhere is that in the nineteenth century, English became the language f wrld trade”可知在19世紀(jì)，英語成為了世界貿(mào)易的語言，不是一百年前。故填B。
54．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“‘tfu’ frm Chinese”可知tfu來自漢語，所以中國人第一次使用這個(gè)詞。故填A(yù)。
55．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“mst peple still think that English will be used mst arund the wrld, at least fr the next twenty r thirty years”可知至少在未來的二三十年里，英語將在世界各地使用最多，所以中國人還是會(huì)說英語。故填B。
（十二）
（2023·山東威?！そy(tǒng)考一模）
When he was nine years ld, American by Mil Cress had a questin: Hw many plastic（塑料）straws（吸管）d Americans use every day?
He quickly learned there wasn’t a simple answer. The by tried t wrk it ut himself. Thrugh lts f research, Cress fund ut that Americans use abut 500 millin straws every day. In hpes f reducing（減少；縮減）plastic waste, he funded（創(chuàng)建）the Be Straw Free prject in 2011.
Cress started the prject in his hmetwn—Burlingtn, Vermnt. He asked a lcal restaurant t stp ffering straws with every drink rder. It was a simple change. Hwever, it wuld save mney. And by ding that the restaurant wuld cut dwn n its straw use by 50 percent.
Fr the years that fllwed, Cress tried t spread his prject acrss the United States. Mre and mre restaurants agreed t jin. They stp prviding the custmer with a straw unless he r she asks fr ne. Last April, Seattle became the American city t cmpletely ban（禁止）.
Plastic pllutin has been ne f the mst serius prblems tday. Accrding t scientists, mre than eight millin tns f plastic end up in the cean each year. Plastic straws are especially terrible. They make it easy fr peple t get cmfrtable with single-use plastics.
After his prject became ppular, Cress tk his findings n the rad. He has since spken t tens f thusands f students arund the wrld. He wants t encurage mre peple t say n t plastic straws.
“Fcusing（聚焦）n straws is ne simple step we all culd take, ” Cress says. “And it makes me feel that I, culd make a difference, t.”
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷正（A）誤（B）。
56．Mil Cress started t care abut the prblem f straws in the year 2011.
57．Cress started the Be Straw Free prject in rder t encurage peple t reduce plastic waste.
58．Cress asked a restaurant in Burlingtn t prevent peple frm using straws t drink.
59．Plastic straws are especially terrible because scientists pay little attentin t their influence.
60．Over the years, Cress has spread his prject acrss the United States and spken t teens arund the wrld abut plastic waste.
【答案】56．B 57．A 58．B 59．B 60．B
【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了美國男孩Cress為環(huán)保所做的努力。
56．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“When he was nine years ld, American by Mil Cress had a questin: Hw many plastic（塑料）straws（吸管）.”可知 Cress九歲時(shí)開始關(guān)注塑料吸管的問題，因此Cress關(guān)注吸管的問題不是2011年。故答案為B。
57．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“In hpes f reducing（減少；縮減）plastic waste, he funded（創(chuàng)建）the Be Straw Free prject in 2011.”可知他創(chuàng)建這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的目的是希望減少塑料垃圾。故答案為A。
58．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“He asked a lcal restaurant t stp ffering straws with every drink rder.”他請求當(dāng)?shù)匾患也宛^在每次飲料訂單時(shí)停止提供吸管。及第四段“They stp prviding the custmer with a straw unless he r she asks fr ne.”可知他只是要求飯店停止主動(dòng)提供吸管，如果顧客有需求還是要提供的。故答案為B。
59．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Plastic pllutin has the cean each year.”可知科學(xué)家已經(jīng)對每年流入海洋的塑料數(shù)量做了統(tǒng)計(jì)，可推測出科學(xué)家對吸管引發(fā)的大量塑料垃圾這個(gè)問題是很重視的。故答案為B。
60．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Fr the years that fllwed, Cress tried t spread his prject acrss the United States.”可知他在向全美努力推廣他的項(xiàng)目，而不是已經(jīng)完成了推廣。再根據(jù)第六段“He has since spken t tens f thusands f students arund the wrld.”他和全世界數(shù)萬名學(xué)生交談，不是全世界所有的學(xué)生。故答案為B。
（十三）
（2023·甘肅定西·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）
Gd mrning, everyne, I am Prfessr Smith and I am yur labratry instructr. This class is arranged as a necessary part f the curse, which Dr. James will be in charge f. This class will meet twice a week in this lab. It begins at nine. I expect yu t be n time. I dn’t want t wait fr latecmers r repeat what has already been cvered if yu miss the explanatin. D nt arrive late and interrupt yur neighbr; yu may as well nt cme if yu can’t be n time.
Attendance is equally imprtant. If yu miss three lab classes, yur name will be mved away frm the class list. I’m afraid, n excuses. Yu can’t cmplete the curse withut cmpleting lab class.
Safety is key here. It is very imprtant t keep things neat and clean, dress prperly, and be careful. Yu may nt eat, drink r smke in the lab and yu shuld always clean the table tp and wash yur hands befre and after the class. Lng hair must be tied up. Large clthing must nt be wrn. And, finally, any lab accident must be reprted immediately.
I hpe yu’ll enjy the lab. It’s a wnderful place but all these instructins are t be strictly fllwed. We will begin tday by learning abut the micrscpe.
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷下列句子正誤。正確為“A”，錯(cuò)誤為“B”。
61．Prfessr Smith is giving instructins t the students.
62．Students are allwed t deal with sme small accidents withut telling the teacher.
63．A student will be drpped frm class if he misses three lab classes.
64．The lng hair wearer will be asked t leave the class.
65．The shrt talk is mainly abut hw t fllw the instructins in a labratry class.
【答案】61．A 62．B 63．A 64．B 65．A
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要是一位老師在向?qū)W生們介紹一些上實(shí)驗(yàn)課時(shí)所需要了解的基本規(guī)則，包括上課時(shí)間、出勤規(guī)定、安全事項(xiàng)等方面。
61．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Gd mrning, everyne, I am Prfessr Smith and I am yur labratry instructr.”以及“t’s a wnderful place but all these instructins are t be strictly fllwed.”可知，Prfessr Smith介紹自己為實(shí)驗(yàn)室的指導(dǎo)老師并告知學(xué)生要嚴(yán)格遵守上述的指示，因此Prfessr Smith是正在給學(xué)生做指導(dǎo)。故填A(yù)。
62．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“And, finally, any lab accident must be reprted immediately.”可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)室中發(fā)生的所有意外事故都要立即匯報(bào)，所以輕微的事故學(xué)生們也要告知老師，不能自行處理。故填B。
63．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“If yu miss three lab classes, yur name will be mved away frm the class list.”可知，如果缺課三次，學(xué)生將不能再參加此課程。故填A(yù)。
64．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Lng hair must be tied up.”可知，長頭發(fā)必須扎起來，而不是被要求離開教室。故填B。
65．推理判斷題。文章主要介紹了上實(shí)驗(yàn)課時(shí)要準(zhǔn)時(shí)上課、保持實(shí)驗(yàn)室整潔干凈等一些注意事項(xiàng)，因此這篇文章主要是告訴學(xué)生上實(shí)驗(yàn)課時(shí)如何遵守秩序。故填B。
（十四）（2023·吉林長春·東北師大附中?？既＃?br>Frank and his brther Jack lived near the cean. Frank was utging while Jack was shy. They liked ding different things. Frank was famus fr rganizing games f beach vlleyball, ftball, and any ther sprt imaginable. Jack preferred t draw, paint, r build sandcastles (沙堡).
Frank didn’t understand why Jack wuld rather d artistic things than play ball. He believed sprts ften allwed many kids t play tgether. That was when Jack’s idea hatched. He wuld shw Frank what ding things tgether lked like!
After Jack finished creating a special sandcastle with stairs, twers and walls, he tk pictures f it. Then he painted clrful psters featuring (突出) his sandcastle and the questin, “Can yu tp this?” He hung his psters everywhere in twn, annuncing his plan fr a day f sandcastle artistry—all ages welcme.
When Frank saw pster, he tld Jack that n ne wuld cme. Still, shrtly after sunrise n Saturday, Jack was n the beach digging in the sand. By mid-mrning, fur kids were sculpting the sand alngside him. By nn the number had increased a lt.
After Frank came back frm his ball game, he went t check hw his brther’s plan turned ut.
He culdn’t believe what he saw. At least 30 peple were building a city f sandcastles, and everyne was chatting and laughing and wrking tgether! It was the mst beautiful thing he had seen n the beach.
“I guess yu’ve prved me wrng,” Frank said. “Yu shuld make this sandcastle day a yearly traditin!” Handing Frank a shvel (鏟子) with smile, Jack gt started tgether with his brther n their super creatin in the sand.
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷下列句子正(T)誤(F)。
66．Jack was interested in sprts and thught sprts culd make peple play tgether.
67．Frank knew abut Jack’s plan because he saw the clrful psters.
68．When learning abut Jack’s plan, Frank didn’t supprt Jack.
69．Only a few peple went t the beach t make sandcastles.
70．Jack’s plan wrked well.
【答案】66．F 67．T 68．T 69．F 70．T
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述不同性格的兩兄弟之間的事情，弗蘭克喜歡球類運(yùn)動(dòng)，而杰克喜歡藝術(shù)繪畫和建沙堡，但弗蘭克不明白為什么杰克寧愿做藝術(shù)而不愿打球，但當(dāng)杰克舉辦一個(gè)建沙堡的活動(dòng)，最終引來了很多人參加時(shí)，這改變了弗蘭克的看法。
66．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Jack preferred t draw, paint, r build sandcastles (沙堡).”和“Frank didn’t understand why Jack wuld rather d artistic things than play ball. He believed sprts ften allwed many kids t play tgether.”可知，杰克喜歡畫畫、油漆或堆沙堡。弗蘭克認(rèn)為體育運(yùn)動(dòng)通?？梢宰屧S多孩子一起玩耍。故選F。
67．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“When Frank saw pster, he tld Jack that n ne wuld cme.”可知，當(dāng)弗蘭克看到海報(bào)時(shí)，他告訴杰克沒人會(huì)來。所以因?yàn)榭吹搅宋孱伭暮?bào)，所以弗蘭克知道杰克的計(jì)劃。故選T。
68．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“When Frank saw pster, he tld Jack that n ne wuld cme.”可知，當(dāng)弗蘭克看到海報(bào)時(shí)，他告訴杰克沒人會(huì)來。由此可知，弗蘭克不支持杰克的計(jì)劃。故選T。
69．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“At least 30 peple were building a city f sandcastles”可知，至少有30個(gè)人在用沙堡建造一座城市，故選F。
70．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Handing Frank a shvel (鏟子) with smile, Jack gt started tgether with his brther n their super creatin in the sand.”可知，杰克微笑著遞給弗蘭克一把鏟，和他的兄弟一起開始了他們在沙灘上的超級創(chuàng)造。由此可知，杰克的計(jì)劃奏效了。故選T。
（2023·湖南婁底·統(tǒng)考中考真題）
閱讀下面的短文，判斷下列句子是否與短文內(nèi)容相符，符合的寫（A），不符合的寫（B）。
He Sudan is a sand painting artist. She was brn int an artistic family in Hunan Prvince. She started t shw her talent in painting as a child. She tk up sand painting while she was studying at university. Back then, there were n lessns abut sand painting in the university, s she learned it by watching nline vides. She is famus arund China fr her sand paintings abut China’s 24 slar terms（節(jié)氣）.
The 24 slar terms are part f the traditinal Chinese calendar. They are knwn as the “fifth great inventin” f China. They are useful fr peple’s life and wrk. Many farmers still depend n the slar terms nw t decide what they shuld d in the fields.
Hwever, few yung peple knw abut the 24 slar terms. She wants t use her sand paintings t tell stries abut the slar terms s that mre yung Chinese can learn abut each f them. It takes her abut ne week t create each sand painting. “I’ll create mre sand paintings t prmte（推廣）traditinal Chinese culture,” she said prudly.
71．He Sudan is a sand painting artist frm Hunan.
72．He Sudan learned sand paining by taking lessns at university.
73．The 24 slar terms are knwn as the “fifth great inventin” f China.
74．Farmers hardly decide what t d in the fields accrding t the slar terms.
75．He Sudan will create mre art wrks t prmte traditinal Chinese culture.
【答案】71．A 72．B 73．A 74．B 75．A
【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了湖南的一位沙畫藝術(shù)家。
71．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“He Sudan is a sand painting artist. She was brn int an artistic family in Hunan Prvince.”可知何素丹是湖南的一位沙畫藝術(shù)家。故選A。
72．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Back then, there were n lessns abut sand painting in the university, s she learned it by watching nline vides. ”可知她通過看網(wǎng)絡(luò)視頻來學(xué)習(xí)，并不是上課學(xué)習(xí)。故選B。
73．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The 24 slar terms are part f the traditinal Chinese calendar. They are knwn as the ‘fifth great inventin’ f China”可知二十四節(jié)氣被譽(yù)為中國的“第五大發(fā)明”。故選A。
74．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Many farmers still depend n the slar terms nw t decide what they shuld d in the fields.”可知許多農(nóng)民現(xiàn)在仍然依靠節(jié)氣來決定他們應(yīng)該在田里做什么。故選B。
75．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“I’ll create mre sand paintings t prmte（推廣）traditinal Chinese culture”可知何素丹將創(chuàng)作更多的藝術(shù)作品來弘揚(yáng)中國傳統(tǒng)文化。故選A。
（2023·甘肅甘南·統(tǒng)考中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷文后句子的正誤。正確的句子填A(yù)，錯(cuò)誤的填B。
Wang Xiajun is 12 years ld. He lives in the cuntry in Gansu Prvince. Tday is his birthday. His parents prepare a nice dinner fr him, but the by says, “I wn’t have the dinner because after the dinner, tday is ver, and yu are leaving fr Shenzhen tmrrw. I dn’t want t let yu g.” It is the first birthday that Wang Xinjun is spending with his parents during the three years. In the past three years, his parents have stayed in Shenzhen and wrked t make mney. They haven't seen their sn fr three years. Tmrrw, they will have t leave hme t g t Shenzhen again. Wang is nt the nly stay-at-hme child. There are mre than 20 millin stay-at-hme children facing a lt f prblems. Many f them stay with their grandparents. They get less care frm their parents. Their parents can’t help them with their studies. The Chinese gvernment nw cares abut the children very much and is trying t slve their prblems.
76．Wang Xiajun is frm a village in Gansu Prvince.
77．It is Wang Xiajun's first time t spend his birthday with his parents in his life.
78．There are many stay-at-hme children in the cuntry f China.
79．Wang Xiajun’s parents will leave him because they dn’t lve him.
80．The Chinese gvernment has dne smething t slve the prblem f the stay-at-hme children.
【答案】76．A 77．B 78．A 79．B 80．A
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要是通過王曉軍三年以來跟父母第一次一起過生日的經(jīng)歷，從而說明中國農(nóng)村留守兒童的一些現(xiàn)狀，并表示政府正在努力解決這些問題。
76．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“He lives in the cuntry in Gansu Prvince.”可知，王曉軍來自甘肅省的一個(gè)村莊。故答案為A。
77．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“It is the first birthday that Wang Xinjun is spending with his parents during the three years. ”可知，這是王曉軍三年來和父母一起度過的第一個(gè)生日，不是有生以來第一次和父母一起過生日。故答案為B。
78．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Wang is nt the nly stay-at-hme child. There are mre than 20 millin stay-at-hme children facing a lt f prblems.”可知，在中國有許多留守兒童。故答案為A。
79．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“In the past three years, his parents have stayed in Shenzhen and wrked t make mney. They haven’t seen their sn fr three years. Tmrrw, they will have t leave hme t g t Shenzhen again.”可知，王曉軍的父母離開他是因?yàn)樗麄儽仨毘鋈ベ嶅X，故答案為B。
80．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The Chinese gvernment nw cares abut the children very much and is trying t slve their prblems.”可知，中國政府已經(jīng)采取措施解決留守兒童的問題。故答案為A。
（2023·西藏·統(tǒng)考中考真題）
Chinese researchers reached the tp f Qmlangma n May 4th, 2022. They set up the wrld’s highest autmatic（自動(dòng)的）weather statin at an altitude（海拔）8,830 meters. The statin helps Chinese scientists t directly cllect data （數(shù)據(jù)） frm the tp f the wrld’s highest muntain and study the effects f climate（氣候）.
Cllecting and studying data frm Qmlangma is nt easy. But the data will give valuable infrmatin abut the cnditin f lcal glaciers（冰川）and muntain snw. The water frm the glaciers and muntain snw has been the surce（源頭）fr ver 10 main rivers in Asia and it has fed mre than 2.5 billin peple.
It will als help scientists study and understand the glbal mnsn system（全球季風(fēng)系統(tǒng)）, s experts can make prper decisins abut climate change and sustainable（可持續(xù)的）develpment.
With the effrts f Chinese gvernment and many years’ hard wrk by scientists, China has becme a glbal frnt-runner in fields related t the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷所給句子正（T）誤（F）。
81．Chinese researchers reached the tp f Qmlangma n May 4th, 2023.
82．Chinese researchers set up the wrld’s highest autmatic weather statin.
83．Cllecting and studying data frm Qmlangma is easy.
84．The statin will als help scientists study and understand the glbal mnsn system.
85．China has becme a glbal frnt-runner in fields related t the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
【答案】81．F 82．T 83．F 84．T 85．T
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了在珠穆朗瑪峰頂部設(shè)立的世界最高的自動(dòng)氣象站的情況。
81．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Chinese researchers reached the tp f Qmlangma n May 4th, 2022.”可知中國研究人員于2022年5月4日登頂珠穆朗瑪峰。故答案為F。
82．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“They set up the wrld’s highest autmatic（自動(dòng)的）weather statin at an altitude（海拔）8,830 meters.”可知中國研究人員在海拔8830米的地方建立了世界上最高的自動(dòng)氣象站。故答案為T。
83．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Cllecting and studying data frm Qmlangma is nt easy”可知收集和研究珠穆朗瑪峰的數(shù)據(jù)并不容易。故答案為F。
84．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“It will als help scientists study and understand the glbal mnsn system”可知?dú)庀笳疽矊椭茖W(xué)家研究和了解全球季風(fēng)系統(tǒng)。故答案為T。
85．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“China has becme a glbal frnt-runner in fields related t the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.”可知在青藏高原相關(guān)領(lǐng)域，中國已成為全球領(lǐng)先者。故答案為T。
（2023·湖南邵陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）
Zib is in the middle f Shandng Prvince. In late February, sme cllege students went t try the barbecue (燒烤) when they attended a jb fair in the city. They tk vides f themselves enjying the fd and psted nt scial media. Zib’s special barbecue has gne viral (走紅) quickly. As a result, “cllege students ging t Zib fr barbecue” and “taking a high-speed train t taste Zib barbecue” have becme ht tpics n Chinese scial media.
Xu Jiayue, a student frm Shandng Transprt Vcatinal Cllege, came t Zib t try the barbecue n Tuesday. “We use the stves (火爐) t ck the meat, which gives us a feeling f achievement. We can eat the meat at a perfect temperature, s the fd tastes delicius.” she said.
A ttal f 27,065 visitrs arrived n March 4, setting a recrd fr daily passengers arriving at the railway statin in the past three years. Nw, mre and mre peple start t pur int Zib t try its famus barbecue.
閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷所給句子正 (T) 誤 (F)。
86．In late February, sme teachers tried the barbecue when they attended a jb fair in Zib.
87．Zib has gne viral n Chinese scial media fr its special barbecue.
88．Xu Jiayue came t Zib t try the barbecue n Friday.
89．The number f passengers arriving at the railway statin n March 4 has set a recrd in the past three years.
90．Because f barbecue, Zib has becme a ppular city.
【答案】86．F 87．T 88．F 89．T 90．T
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了走紅全國的淄博燒烤。
86．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“In late February, sme cllege students went t try the barbecue (燒烤) when they attended a jb fair in the city.”可知，2月下旬，一些大學(xué)生在參加該市的一個(gè)招聘會(huì)時(shí)去嘗試燒烤，而不是一些老師嘗試的。故選F。
87．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“They tk vides f themselves enjying the fd and psted nt scial media. Zib’s special barbecue has gne viral (走紅) quickly.”可知，他們拍下自己享受美食的視頻，并發(fā)布到社交媒體上。淄博的特色燒烤迅速走紅。故選T。
88．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Xu Jiayue, a student frm Shandng Transprt Vcatinal Cllege, came t Zib t try the barbecue n Tuesday.”可知，周二，來自山東交通職業(yè)學(xué)院的學(xué)生許佳悅來到淄博嘗試燒烤，而不是周五，故選F。
89．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“A ttal f 27,065 visitrs arrived n March 4, setting a recrd fr daily passengers arriving at the railway statin in the past three years.”可知，3月4日，共有27065名游客抵達(dá)火車站，創(chuàng)下了過去三年來每天到達(dá)火車站的旅客人數(shù)的記錄。故選T。
90．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Nw, mre and mre peple start t pur int Zib t try its famus barbecue.”可知，現(xiàn)在，越來越多的人開始涌入淄博品嘗其著名的燒烤。所以“因?yàn)闊?，淄博已?jīng)成為一個(gè)受歡迎的城市”表述正確，故選T。
（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·統(tǒng)考中考真題）
Bb and Frank wrked as a salesman in a cmpany (公司) tgether after leaving cllege. They were bth hard-wrking. But years later, Bb became a sales manager while Frank remained a salesman.
Frank wrte t his bss because he thught the bss did nt value hard-wrking wrkers, nly raising thse wh tried t please him. He thught that it was nt fair.
In reply, the bss said t Frank, “G and find ut whether there is anyne selling watermelns in the market.” Frank went, returned and said. “Yes.” The bss asked, “Hw much is a watermeln?” Frank went back t the market and returned. “$ 12 per (每) kilgram.”
The bss tld Frank that he wuld ask Bb the same questin. Bb went, returned and said, “Bss, there is nly ne persn selling watermelns. $12 per kg. $100 fr 10 kg. He has 100 watermelns in ttal. On the table are 58 watermelns, and the thers are in the bx. Every watermeln weighs abut12 kg. All f them were bught frm the suth tw days ag. They are fresh and sweet. They are selling well.”
Frank was surprised and and he realized the difference between himself and Bb.
Yu see, a mre successful persn sees mre, thinks mre and understands deeply.
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷正、誤。
(注意：考生將答題卡相應(yīng)位置涂黑。正確的涂“A”，錯(cuò)誤的涂“B”)
91．Frank and Bb wrked in the same cllege.
92．The bss wrte Frank a letter because Frank was hard-wrking.
93．Bb fund nly ne persn selling watermelns in the market.
94．Accrding t Bb, frty-tw watermelns were in the bx.
95．Frm the passage, we knw that Frank was mre successful than Bb.
【答案】91．B 92．B 93．A 94．A 95．B
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了Frank因?yàn)槔习迤髦谺b而心生不滿，但是老板用了“西瓜”事件教育了他，讓他知道了自己和Bb之間的差距。
91．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Bb and Frank wrked as a salesman in a cmpany”可知他們在同一家公司工作。故答案為B。
92．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Frank was surprised and and he realized the difference between himself and Bb.”以及前文可知，老板給Frank回復(fù)是為了讓他意識到自己和Bb之間的差別。故答案為B。
93．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“there is nly ne persn selling watermelns.”可知Bb說只有一個(gè)人賣西瓜。故答案為A。
94．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“He has 100 watermelns in ttal. On the table are 58 watermelns, and the thers are in the bx”可知一共有100個(gè)西瓜，58個(gè)西瓜在桌子上，42個(gè)西瓜在盒子里。故答案為A。
95．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Frank was surprised and and he realized the difference between himself and Bb.”以及“Yu see, a mre successful persn sees mre, thinks mre and understands deeply”以及上文兩個(gè)人的回復(fù)可知，Bb思考的比Frank多，由此可推知，Bb可能比Frank更成功。故答案為B。
（2023·吉林長春·統(tǒng)考中考真題）
It was a schl trip. All f us were hungry fr it fr lng. I went t Changbai Muntain with my classmates at the beginning f 2023. The trip was really wnderful.
Jilin Prvince, in the nrtheast f China, is famus fr Changbai Muntain. It is ne f the “Tp 10 Muntains in China”. The name f it means “a muntain which remains white all year rund” in Chinese. The name Changbai Muntain was first used in the Lia Dynasty. The muntain was recrded in the Classic f Muntains and Seas under the name Buxian Muntain. It was called Taibai Muntain in the Tang Dynasty.
In the early mrning, we climbed the muntain frm the western side. Alng the way, we saw several wild animals and we were ttally shcked at the beauty f the muntain. The whle muntain area is under thick snw cver fr tw mnths every year. The higher pints frm 1,500 meters t 2,400 meters abve the sea level are cvered with snw fr mre than six mnths. Changbai Muntain is ne f the mst ppular places fr winter sprts and amusements. We even tried many thrilling rides n the snw. It was s much fun. Besides, we enjyed different kinds f fds.
What excited us mst is undubtedly the Tianchi Lake. It is the deepest alpine (高山的) lake in China. The Tianchi Lake is the place where the Snghua, Tumen and Yalu rivers begin and it has been regarded as a mysterius lake. Nt all visitrs are lucky enugh t see the Tianchi Lake clearly the first time they g there, but we were.
One mre thing we remembered was taking baths in the ht springs. All ur tiredness and pressure were gne there. As visitrs, we can’t stp being in lve with everything we experienced in Changbai Muntain.
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷句子正 (T) 、誤 (F) 。
96．Changbai means “remaining white all year rund” in Chinese.
97．The name Changbai Muntain was used in the Tang Dynasty.
98．Alng the way, the students were ttally shcked at the wild animals.
99．Sme visitrs can’t see the Tianchi Lake clearly the first time they g there.
100．The students’ tiredness and pressure were taken away by different kinds f fds.
【答案】96．T 97．F 98．F 99．T 100．F
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了作者和同學(xué)們的學(xué)校旅行，他們?nèi)⒂^了長白山。
96．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Jilin Prvince, in the nrtheast f China, is famus fr Changbai Muntain. ... The name f it means ‘a(chǎn) muntain which remains white all year rund’ in Chinese.”可知長白在中文中的意思是“一年四季都是白色的”。故填T。
97．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“It was called Taibai Muntain in the Tang Dynasty.”可知在唐代并不叫長白山。故填F。
98．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Alng the way, we saw several wild animals and we were ttally shcked at the beauty f the muntain.”可知沿途學(xué)生們震驚于山的美麗。故填F。
99．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Nt all visitrs are lucky enugh t see the Tianchi Lake clearly the first time they g there, but we were.”可知有些游客第一次去天池看不清楚。故填T。
100．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“One mre thing we remembered was taking baths in the ht springs. All ur tiredness and pressure were gne there.”學(xué)生們的壓疲累和壓力是在泡溫泉的時(shí)候消失的。故填F。
目錄
一
復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)
掌握目標(biāo)及備考方向
二
考情分析
中考閱讀理解說明文考情分析
三
閱讀判斷的考向
細(xì)節(jié)理解題
推理判斷題
主旨大意題
4.提升必考題型歸納
四
真題感悟
中考閱讀判斷經(jīng)典考題精選
類型
特點(diǎn)
答題技巧
細(xì)節(jié)理解型
題干與原文在細(xì)節(jié)或語句方面都是截然相同或相反。?？技?xì)節(jié)有時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、所發(fā)生的事件以及起修飾作用的詞等。
根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞找到文中的原句，對比題干的細(xì)節(jié)與原文是否一致。只有完全符合文章意思的句子方可判定為正確。那些基本意思相符，仍有某一點(diǎn)不符的應(yīng)判定為錯(cuò)誤。
推理判斷型
題干與原文不完全一致，需要通過分析原文和題干，間接推斷題干與原文是否一致。
定要從文章的具體段落和句子中找到依據(jù)，并進(jìn)行認(rèn)真比較分析，不能憑印象想當(dāng)然，胡亂猜測。
主旨大意型
該類型往往考查對全文的把握，斷章取義、以偏概全是常犯的錯(cuò)誤。
閱讀文章時(shí)應(yīng)主要捕捉內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，掌握主旨和作者意圖，不要過分推敲語言點(diǎn)，否則難以作出正確的判斷。

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