第04講閱讀理解之判斷正誤（講義）-2024年中考英語一輪復習講義（全國通用）-學案下載-教習網(wǎng)

中考總復習一般分為三輪：
1、第一輪復習為基礎(chǔ)知識的單元、章節(jié)復習。通過第一輪的復習，使學生系統(tǒng)掌握基礎(chǔ)知識、基本技能和方法，形成明晰的知識網(wǎng)絡和穩(wěn)定的知識框架。
2、第二輪復習打破章節(jié)界限實行大單元、小綜合、專題式復習。第二輪復習絕不是第一輪復習的壓縮文檔，而是一個知識點綜合、鞏固、完善、提高的過程。復習的主要任務及目標是：完成各部分知識的條理，歸納，糅合，使各部分知識成為一個有機的整體。
3、第三輪復習是知識、能力深化鞏固的階段。復習資料的組織以中考題及模擬題為主，回扣教材，查缺補漏，進行強化訓練。同時，要教給學生一些必備的應試技巧和方法，使學生有足夠的自信從容地面對中考。
?第04講閱讀理解之判斷正誤（講義）
【復習目標】
1.熟練語篇類型和語篇結(jié)構(gòu)
2.明確命題規(guī)律和提問方式
3.掌握不同題型的解題方法
【考情分析】
閱讀判斷命題規(guī)律
正誤判斷題主要考察學生閱讀分析、理解、應用和判斷的能力，要求根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容對所給句子即題干，做出正誤判斷。此類題型往往依托短文內(nèi)容進行發(fā)揮，或者給出意思相近或相反的幾個句子要求辨別、判斷，或者變換詞語、句子結(jié)構(gòu)來考查同一意思的不同表達。
設(shè)題：以細節(jié)理解題為主，主旨大意題和推理判斷題為輔。
【名師解難】
做這種閱讀理解題道先通讀全文，把握大意。然后閱讀所給題干，再讀原文，在文中找出對應的詞句。在對句子進行判斷時，建議使用對照法，即將原文中與題干意思相近的句子或段落找出來，與題干一一對照，詳細區(qū)分，切不可片面理解，更不可想當然。對于簡單明了的文章，要注意其首尾句，以及表明文章主旨的中心句、關(guān)鍵語等。對讀了一遍意思還不夠明了的文章，我們除了要了解全文，弄清人物、地點、時間、原因等要點外，還要仔細推敲復雜的句子，弄清句子及全文的意思。
閱讀判斷答題技巧
判斷正誤型題目往往是從文中提取出一個句子，通過對其細節(jié)的修改或說法的改變或同義的轉(zhuǎn)換而讓做題者判斷該說法是否符合文意。本題型共分為三大類，即細節(jié)理解型、推理判斷型、主旨大意型。
答題步驟：
答題第一步：瀏覽題干，標注定位詞。
答題第二步：通讀全文，了解大意，標注與題干相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞。
答題第三步：跳讀關(guān)鍵詞所在的句子，將題干與原文進行對比、歸納，確定答案。
答題第四步：無法直接從定位句找到答案的題目，需綜合全文進行推斷，得出答案。
答題第五步：復讀全文，檢查答案。
答題第六步：核對答案，反思錯題。
（一）
（2023·云南昆明·昆明八中?？寄M預測）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷正誤（正確的填“T”，錯誤的填“F”），并將所選答案涂到答題卡的相應位置上。
Earth Day is n April 22nd every year. Earth Day is a day t remember t take care f ur planet, Earth. We can take care f ur planet by keeping it clean.
We can keep Earth clean by fllwing the rule f “reduce, reuse, recycle”. Reduce means use less. We can reduce ur use f things like water r gasline. Reuse means use again, rather than thrw things away. We can reuse many things, such as plastic bags and bxes. Recycle means t make smething new frm smething ld. We can keep Earth clean by recycling materials such as paper, wd and plastic. If we take these materials t a recycling center, they can be used again in a different way.
On Earth Day, we remind urselves and everyne n Earth that we must d these things. We must d these things every day, nt just n Earth Day. We must all d ur part, and we can make a difference. On April 22nd, remind everyne yu knw that every day is Earth Day!
1．April 22nd is a day t remember t take care f ur planet.
2．In rder t keep Earth clean, there’s a rule we must fllw.
3．Reuse means t make smething new frm smething ld.
4．We can recycle sme materials and use them in a different way.
5．We need t d everything we can t keep Earth clean nly n Earth Day.
（二）
（2023·黑龍江綏化·模擬預測）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷對錯，對的選“T”，錯的選“F”。
The beaver（河貍）is mainly fund in Nrth America. It is abut three and a half feet lng, including the tail, which is a ft in length.
Beavers build themselves the mst lvely huts（小屋）t live in, and quite ften a great number f these huts are placed clse tgether, like the buildings in a twn. They always build their huts n the banks（岸）f rivers r lakes, as they swim much mre easily than they walk, and prefer mving abut in the water.
When they build n the bank f a running stream, they make a dam（堤壩）acrss the stream fr the purpse f keeping the water at the height they wish. These dams are usually made f mud, stnes and the branches f trees. They are smetimes six r seven hundred feet in length and are built s well that they lk mre like the wrk f man than f little animals.
Their huts are made f the same material as the dams and are rund in shape. They start building their huses late in the summer but d nt get them finished befre the early frst（霜凍）. The cld weather makes them tighter and strnger.
The fur（毛皮）f the beaver is highly prized. A hunter（獵人）nce saw five yung beavers playing. They were jumping n the branches f a tree that lay near a beaver dam and pushing ne anther ff int the water. He mved frward very slwly and was abut t sht at the little animals. But their funny tricks reminded him s much f his little children at hme that he thught it wuld be cruel t kill them. S the gentleman left them quietly.
6．Nrth America is hme t the beaver.
7．Beavers usually build their huts in the water.
8．Beavers dn’t get their huts finished until the early frst appears because they are afraid f ht weather.
9．Frm the passage, we can tell beavers are gd at building huts.
10．The hunter didn’t kill the five yung beavers because he thught it was cruel t kill these lvely nes.
（三）
（2023·吉林松原·統(tǒng)考模擬預測）
Strawberries lk nice, but a light pressure can make them ut f shape. Nwadays there are many yung peple wh are just like strawberries. They easily break dwn when they face difficulties. They dn’t knw what t d when they are in truble. They have a cmmn name—strawberry kids.
Why are many students s easy t break dwn? Parents and schls are a main reasn. Parents d almst everything fr them in their daily life, while schls care mre abut their grades instead f develping their persnality (個性). Liu Yue, 13, is frm Fujian. His mm hardly criticizes (批評) him and he always feels gd abut himself. When a teacher criticized him strictly, he felt surprised and sad. He began t dubt his ability.
Students shuld d smething t make themselves mentally strng. An expert said, “When yu are in truble, dn’t ask fr help t quickly. Yu shuld try t deal with prblems first by yurself. I als advise yu t take an active part in sprts and scial activities. That can make yu mentally strng.
Grwing up is nt just a happy prcess (過程). Pains als g alng with it. The mst imprtant thing is t face the pains bravely and learn frm them.
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷下列各句正（T）誤（F）。
11．Sme students are called “strawberry kids” because they all like t eat strawberries.
12．Liu Yue’s mther ften criticizes him.
13．Parents d almst everything fr their children in their daily life.
14．Accrding t the text, students shuld ask fr help quickly when they are in truble.
15．The writer advises students t be brave in the face f pains.
（四）
（2023·吉林長春·長春市解放大路學校校考模擬預測）
Lts f kids wuld like t change their hair. Often, girls care abut it mst, but bys may be interested in hw their hair lks, t. When yu g thrugh puberty (青春期), smetimes hair will change all by itself.
Maybe it used t be lighter and nw it’s darker. Or maybe it’s much ilier (更油膩的) used t be, and nw yu need t wash it mre. When yu’re getting lder, yu will pay mre attentin t yur lks. Yu might suddenly decide yu want a hairstyle as ther kids at schl have.
But sme styles and lks require chemical treatment r heat and lng hurs at the hair saln (理發(fā)店). Sme peple dye (給……染色) their hair a different clr, r make their hair straight. Are these treatments OK fr kids? At any age, any chemical treatment f yur hair can d harm t it. If yu pull yur hair t hard, it can harm the skin under it and maybe make yur hair fall ut. S yu may get careful with yur hair.
It’s fun trying new lks and styles. Yu can als shw yurself thrugh yur style. Hwever, feeling wnderful and beautiful starts frm the inside. Therefre, shw yur beauty inside n matter what style yu wear. Everyne will ntice that yu’re beautiful and yur hair lks great, t.
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷句子正(T)、誤(F)。
16．Bys care mre abut their hairstyles than girls.
17．The hair may get darker when yu g thrugh puberty.
18．The chemical treatment is harmful t yur hair.
19．Yur hair will never fall ut if yu pull it straight.
20．The writer thinks the true beauty is frm the inside.
（五）
（2023·吉林長春·吉林省實驗?？寄M預測）
China is a cuntry with many clrful days and festivals. The Dragn Head Raising Day (Lngtaitu) is ne f them. This special day is n the secnd day f the secnd mnth in the Chinese lunar calendar. It stands fr the start f spring and farming.
The dragn is imprtant fr Chinese peple. We Chinese peple call urselves the “descendants (傳人) f the dragn”. Therefre, peple celebrate the Dragn Head Raising Day with many custms. On the day in ancient times, peple put ash (灰) in the kitchen. This was t “l(fā)ead the dragn int the huse”. Peple believed that with the help f the dragn, they culd have a gd harvest (收成) in autumn.
Als, peple eat special fds n that day. The fds are usually named after dragns. Fr example, peple eat “dragn whisker (須)” ndles and dumplings called “dragn teeth”.
Tday, many custms have disappeared. But ne that has remained is the cutting f hair. It is said that a haircut during the first lunar mnth may bring bad luck t the uncles f the family—mainly mther’s brthers. S many peple have their hair cut n the Dragn Head Raising Day.
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷句子正 (T)、誤 (F)。
21．The Lngtaitu is n the third day f the secnd mnth in the Chinese lunar calendar.
22．We Chinese call urselves the “descendants f the dragn”.
23．Peple put ash in the kitchen n the Dragn Head Raising Day in ancient times.
24．Nwadays, many peple dn’t have their hair cut n the Dragn Head Raising Day.
25．The passage mainly tells us hw t celebrate the Dragn Bat Festival in China.
（六）
（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·哈爾濱市第四十七中學?？寄M預測）
On a sunny afternn, I was walking alng a busy rad when I nticed a yung man standing near the crssing selling tys. Usually, I wuld hurry past such sellers. But I fund this yung man was blind, s I std fr sme time withut crssing the street. I wanted t see hw he sld his things.
Sn, a yung mther with a little girl came by and the child set her eyes n ne f the teddy bears. The mther asked the price and it was nly ne dllar. She tk 10 dllars ut f her handbag and tld the yung man that she was giving him 10 dllars and wanted the change back. I was wndering hw he was ging t d it. He tld the yung mther t put the mney in the bag hanging arund his neck and take ut her change.
I realized that this yung man believed peple nt t cheat him. There was n way fr him t knw if smene wuld take ut mre than they shuld have. I was s tuched. I bught a mdel car frm him that I did nt need. As I walked dwn the street, I gave the mdel car t a by walking with his father.
I kept thinking that the wrld wuld be a better place if we culd all learn t trust thers mre, like the yung blind street seller.
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷正、誤。（注意：考生將答題卡相應的位置涂黑。正確的涂“A”，錯誤的涂“B”）
26．The writer was walking alng a busy rad when he nticed a yung man standing near the crssing selling tys n a sunny mrning.
27．The yung man thught that peple were believable s he made peple put mney and take their change ut f the bag by themselves.
28．The yung mther with her little girl paid 10 yuan fr the teddy bear.
29．The writer gave the mdel car t a girl walking with her father at last.
30．Frm the passage, we can knw that the wrld will be a better place if we can all learn t trust thers mre.
（七）
（2023·四川成都·四川省成都市七中育才學校?？寄M預測）
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷句子正誤。正確的涂“A”，錯誤的涂“B”。
Ht summer is cming. It’s time t enjy delicius ice-cream. Hwever, sme ice-cream bars are nw called “assassins (刺客)” fr their surprisingly high prices. But when they were first invented, they were all abut making peple happy.
In the 1920s, Harry Burt ran a candy stre in the USA．One day, he develped a smth chclate cating (涂層). Burt first cut sme ice-cream int cubids (長方體). He then cvered the ice-cream with the new chclate cating.
When Burt let his children try this new dessert, his daughter said the ice-cream bar was t “messy” t eat. Then Burt’s sn suggested adding a wden stick t the dessert.
Burt named it “Gd Humr bar”. It sn became ppular. Later, he sent sme trucks t sell these ice-cream bars. Peple wuld knw it was time fr sme ice-cream when they heard the trucks’ bells. Tday, yu can still see Gd Humr trucks in America!
31．Ice-cream bars became t expensive fr peple t enjy.
32．It has been abut 100 years since Gd Humr bar was invented.
33．Harry Burt’s daughter disliked the new dessert because it wuld be messy.
34．Harry Burt’s new dessert gt ppular because peple culd easily get it n the trucks.
35．Frm the passage, we can infer that sme inventins can make peple’s life mre clrful.
（八）
（2023·四川成都·成都七中?？既＃?br>閱讀下面對話，根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容判斷句子的正誤。正確的寫“A”，錯誤的寫“B”。
Imagine: when yu are abut t pick a flwer, suddenly, it starts t scream! Althugh this will never really happen, a new study shws that plants can make sunds when they are stressed.
Sme researchers in Israel did the study. They used ultrasnic micrphnes (超聲波麥克風) t recrd the sunds f tmat plants in bxes.
Three grups f plants were listened t: One grup wasn’t watered fr five days, anther grup had the stems cut ff, and the third grup was untuched. It turned ut that the first tw grups made sunds nce per hur. “When tmat plants are nt stressed at all, they are very quiet,” ne f the researchers said.
The researchers didn’t knw hw the sunds were made, but they believed the nises came frm the breaking f air bubbles(氣泡) in the plants. This means the nises were prduced by the plants themselves naturally.
Als, the researchers listened t ther plants like crn and fund they als made mre sunds when feeling stressed. Researchers said the study wuld be gd fr the farmers in the future, as they culd better take care f the crps (莊稼) by “hearing” the plants’ feelings.
36．We can easily hear plants shut whey they are stressed.
37．The plants that weren’t watered fr five days prduced mre sunds than the plants than that had their stems cut ff.
38．Accrding t Paragraph 3, we knw that the plants like quiet envirnments.
39．The underlined sentence means that plants didn’t make the nises n purpse.
40．The study is meaningful and it can help farmers plant crps better.
（九）
（2023·新疆烏魯木齊·烏市一中?？寄M預測）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷下面各小題的正（T）誤（F）。
In sme cities, students have lunch at schl. D yu have lunch at schl? What d yu have? Let’s lk at students’ lunch bxes all ver the wrld.
Spain—Spanish lunch usually have a few dishes. The children may have rice, sup r vegetables as the first dish and then sme meat as the secnd dish. They ften end up with their lunch with fruit r ygurt.
Singapre—Students in Singapre dn’t g t a traditinal dining hall. They visit cking shps. Students can chse bth traditinal fd and western fd.
France—Healthy meals are the rules in many French schls. A French schl lunch may have chicken with green beans and cheese.
Finland—The Finnish schl lunches are at least 50% vegetables and 25% prteins (蛋白質(zhì)). On Thursdays, Finnish schls serve the traditinal sup with pancakes.
Japan—The Japanese schl lunches have rice, meat, fresh fruit and vegetables. Rice and fish are the basis fr many f the meals.
41．Spanish students ften finish lunches with fruit and ygurt.
42．Students in Singapre have lunch in cking shps.
43．Finnish schls serve bth traditinal fd and western fd n Thursdays.
44．French students ften have unhealthy fd fr lunch.
45．Rice and fish are the basis fr lts f Japanese students’ lunches.
（十）
（2023·湖南湘西·統(tǒng)考三模）
閱讀判斷讀短文，判斷句子是否符合短文內(nèi)容。符合的選T，不符合的選F。
The mst ppular way t welcme the new year in the United States is t have a big party. Sme parties are at peple’s hmes. But in recent years, it has becme mre and mre cmmn fr Americans t g t a htel r a club r a restaurant n the night f December the 31st. There, they can have dinner, drink and dance.
Mst New Year’s parties have smething in cmmn. First f all, they are usually nisy. Peple sing and bands play. And ften, guests pull a cracker when the clck strikes twelve at midnight. Peple think that lud sunds wuld drive away the evil(邪惡的) spirits f the ld year befre the new year begins.
The biggest and nisiest New Year party in the United States takes place at Times Square in New Yrk City. Thusands f peple gather there. Sme f them ring bells r let ff crackers. Others blw whistles r car hrns. And at 12 ’clck, they begin t cheer. An electric sign in the shape f a red apple lights up n tp f a tall building.
46．The article is abut New Year’s celebratins in the USA．
47．In recent years, Americans have parties at hmes n the night f December the 31st.
48．Mst New Year’s parties are different in the United States.
49．The biggest and nisiest New Year party takes place at Times Square in New Yrk City.
50．Mst New Year parties are usually nisy because peple want t get rid f bad luck f the ld year.
（十一）
（2023·山東聊城·統(tǒng)考三模）
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷其后面所給句子的對錯。正確的為A，錯誤的為B。
English is spken mstly in the US, the UK, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Suth Africa. In China and many ther cuntries, English is the mst imprtant freign language that children learn at schl, because when they grw up, it will be quite pssible fr them t meet peple frm ther cuntries. They will need a cmmn language t cmmunicate with each ther. English is nw used by nearly a quarter f the wrld’s ppulatin, and anywhere yu g in the wrld, there is a gd chance that yu will meet smene wh speaks English.
The reasn why English is spken everywhere is that in the nineteenth century, English became the language f wrld trade. And in the twentieth century, the US spread English t the wrld thrugh newspapers, televisin and films. It is nw the cmmn language fr internatinal travel, science, industry, and recently, infrmatin technlgy and the Internet.
It is als imprtant t knw that English has brrwed many wrds frm ther languages, fr example, “restaurant” frm French, “zer” frm Arabic, “pian” frm Italian, and “tfu” frm Chinese.
Will the imprtance f English last? As China cntinues t grw, many peple think that Chinese will becme as cmmn as English by the middle f the twenty-first century. Hwever, mst peple still think that English will be used mst arund the wrld, at least fr the next twenty r thirty years.
S wh wns English? The answer is everyne wh speaks it. Even thugh we speak different types f English, we are all part f an internatinal club. We all wn English.
51．In China, English is the mst imprtant language that children learn at schl.
52．Nearly a quarter f the wrld’s ppulatin speak English.
53．English became the language f wrld trade abut ne hundred years ag.
54．”Tfu” was first used by Chinese peple.
55．In the future, English wn’t be spken by Chinese peple.
（十二）
（2023·山東威?！そy(tǒng)考一模）
When he was nine years ld, American by Mil Cress had a questin: Hw many plastic（塑料）straws（吸管）d Americans use every day?
He quickly learned there wasn’t a simple answer. The by tried t wrk it ut himself. Thrugh lts f research, Cress fund ut that Americans use abut 500 millin straws every day. In hpes f reducing（減少；縮減）plastic waste, he funded（創(chuàng)建）the Be Straw Free prject in 2011.
Cress started the prject in his hmetwn—Burlingtn, Vermnt. He asked a lcal restaurant t stp ffering straws with every drink rder. It was a simple change. Hwever, it wuld save mney. And by ding that the restaurant wuld cut dwn n its straw use by 50 percent.
Fr the years that fllwed, Cress tried t spread his prject acrss the United States. Mre and mre restaurants agreed t jin. They stp prviding the custmer with a straw unless he r she asks fr ne. Last April, Seattle became the American city t cmpletely ban（禁止）.
Plastic pllutin has been ne f the mst serius prblems tday. Accrding t scientists, mre than eight millin tns f plastic end up in the cean each year. Plastic straws are especially terrible. They make it easy fr peple t get cmfrtable with single-use plastics.
After his prject became ppular, Cress tk his findings n the rad. He has since spken t tens f thusands f students arund the wrld. He wants t encurage mre peple t say n t plastic straws.
“Fcusing（聚焦）n straws is ne simple step we all culd take, ” Cress says. “And it makes me feel that I, culd make a difference, t.”
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷正（A）誤（B）。
56．Mil Cress started t care abut the prblem f straws in the year 2011.
57．Cress started the Be Straw Free prject in rder t encurage peple t reduce plastic waste.
58．Cress asked a restaurant in Burlingtn t prevent peple frm using straws t drink.
59．Plastic straws are especially terrible because scientists pay little attentin t their influence.
60．Over the years, Cress has spread his prject acrss the United States and spken t teens arund the wrld abut plastic waste.
（十三）
（2023·甘肅定西·統(tǒng)考模擬預測）
Gd mrning, everyne, I am Prfessr Smith and I am yur labratry instructr. This class is arranged as a necessary part f the curse, which Dr. James will be in charge f. This class will meet twice a week in this lab. It begins at nine. I expect yu t be n time. I dn’t want t wait fr latecmers r repeat what has already been cvered if yu miss the explanatin. D nt arrive late and interrupt yur neighbr; yu may as well nt cme if yu can’t be n time.
Attendance is equally imprtant. If yu miss three lab classes, yur name will be mved away frm the class list. I’m afraid, n excuses. Yu can’t cmplete the curse withut cmpleting lab class.
Safety is key here. It is very imprtant t keep things neat and clean, dress prperly, and be careful. Yu may nt eat, drink r smke in the lab and yu shuld always clean the table tp and wash yur hands befre and after the class. Lng hair must be tied up. Large clthing must nt be wrn. And, finally, any lab accident must be reprted immediately.
I hpe yu’ll enjy the lab. It’s a wnderful place but all these instructins are t be strictly fllwed. We will begin tday by learning abut the micrscpe.
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷下列句子正誤。正確為“A”，錯誤為“B”。
61．Prfessr Smith is giving instructins t the students.
62．Students are allwed t deal with sme small accidents withut telling the teacher.
63．A student will be drpped frm class if he misses three lab classes.
64．The lng hair wearer will be asked t leave the class.
65．The shrt talk is mainly abut hw t fllw the instructins in a labratry class.
（十四）（2023·吉林長春·東北師大附中?？既＃?br>Frank and his brther Jack lived near the cean. Frank was utging while Jack was shy. They liked ding different things. Frank was famus fr rganizing games f beach vlleyball, ftball, and any ther sprt imaginable. Jack preferred t draw, paint, r build sandcastles (沙堡).
Frank didn’t understand why Jack wuld rather d artistic things than play ball. He believed sprts ften allwed many kids t play tgether. That was when Jack’s idea hatched. He wuld shw Frank what ding things tgether lked like!
After Jack finished creating a special sandcastle with stairs, twers and walls, he tk pictures f it. Then he painted clrful psters featuring (突出) his sandcastle and the questin, “Can yu tp this?” He hung his psters everywhere in twn, annuncing his plan fr a day f sandcastle artistry—all ages welcme.
When Frank saw pster, he tld Jack that n ne wuld cme. Still, shrtly after sunrise n Saturday, Jack was n the beach digging in the sand. By mid-mrning, fur kids were sculpting the sand alngside him. By nn the number had increased a lt.
After Frank came back frm his ball game, he went t check hw his brther’s plan turned ut.
He culdn’t believe what he saw. At least 30 peple were building a city f sandcastles, and everyne was chatting and laughing and wrking tgether! It was the mst beautiful thing he had seen n the beach.
“I guess yu’ve prved me wrng,” Frank said. “Yu shuld make this sandcastle day a yearly traditin!” Handing Frank a shvel (鏟子) with smile, Jack gt started tgether with his brther n their super creatin in the sand.
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷下列句子正(T)誤(F)。
66．Jack was interested in sprts and thught sprts culd make peple play tgether.
67．Frank knew abut Jack’s plan because he saw the clrful psters.
68．When learning abut Jack’s plan, Frank didn’t supprt Jack.
69．Only a few peple went t the beach t make sandcastles.
70．Jack’s plan wrked well.
（2023·湖南婁底·統(tǒng)考中考真題）
閱讀下面的短文，判斷下列句子是否與短文內(nèi)容相符，符合的寫（A），不符合的寫（B）。
He Sudan is a sand painting artist. She was brn int an artistic family in Hunan Prvince. She started t shw her talent in painting as a child. She tk up sand painting while she was studying at university. Back then, there were n lessns abut sand painting in the university, s she learned it by watching nline vides. She is famus arund China fr her sand paintings abut China’s 24 slar terms（節(jié)氣）.
The 24 slar terms are part f the traditinal Chinese calendar. They are knwn as the “fifth great inventin” f China. They are useful fr peple’s life and wrk. Many farmers still depend n the slar terms nw t decide what they shuld d in the fields.
Hwever, few yung peple knw abut the 24 slar terms. She wants t use her sand paintings t tell stries abut the slar terms s that mre yung Chinese can learn abut each f them. It takes her abut ne week t create each sand painting. “I’ll create mre sand paintings t prmte（推廣）traditinal Chinese culture,” she said prudly.
71．He Sudan is a sand painting artist frm Hunan.
72．He Sudan learned sand paining by taking lessns at university.
73．The 24 slar terms are knwn as the “fifth great inventin” f China.
74．Farmers hardly decide what t d in the fields accrding t the slar terms.
75．He Sudan will create mre art wrks t prmte traditinal Chinese culture.
（2023·甘肅甘南·統(tǒng)考中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷文后句子的正誤。正確的句子填A，錯誤的填B。
Wang Xiajun is 12 years ld. He lives in the cuntry in Gansu Prvince. Tday is his birthday. His parents prepare a nice dinner fr him, but the by says, “I wn’t have the dinner because after the dinner, tday is ver, and yu are leaving fr Shenzhen tmrrw. I dn’t want t let yu g.” It is the first birthday that Wang Xinjun is spending with his parents during the three years. In the past three years, his parents have stayed in Shenzhen and wrked t make mney. They haven't seen their sn fr three years. Tmrrw, they will have t leave hme t g t Shenzhen again. Wang is nt the nly stay-at-hme child. There are mre than 20 millin stay-at-hme children facing a lt f prblems. Many f them stay with their grandparents. They get less care frm their parents. Their parents can’t help them with their studies. The Chinese gvernment nw cares abut the children very much and is trying t slve their prblems.
76．Wang Xiajun is frm a village in Gansu Prvince.
77．It is Wang Xiajun's first time t spend his birthday with his parents in his life.
78．There are many stay-at-hme children in the cuntry f China.
79．Wang Xiajun’s parents will leave him because they dn’t lve him.
80．The Chinese gvernment has dne smething t slve the prblem f the stay-at-hme children.
（2023·西藏·統(tǒng)考中考真題）
Chinese researchers reached the tp f Qmlangma n May 4th, 2022. They set up the wrld’s highest autmatic（自動的）weather statin at an altitude（海拔）8,830 meters. The statin helps Chinese scientists t directly cllect data （數(shù)據(jù)） frm the tp f the wrld’s highest muntain and study the effects f climate（氣候）.
Cllecting and studying data frm Qmlangma is nt easy. But the data will give valuable infrmatin abut the cnditin f lcal glaciers（冰川）and muntain snw. The water frm the glaciers and muntain snw has been the surce（源頭）fr ver 10 main rivers in Asia and it has fed mre than 2.5 billin peple.
It will als help scientists study and understand the glbal mnsn system（全球季風系統(tǒng)）, s experts can make prper decisins abut climate change and sustainable（可持續(xù)的）develpment.
With the effrts f Chinese gvernment and many years’ hard wrk by scientists, China has becme a glbal frnt-runner in fields related t the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷所給句子正（T）誤（F）。
81．Chinese researchers reached the tp f Qmlangma n May 4th, 2023.
82．Chinese researchers set up the wrld’s highest autmatic weather statin.
83．Cllecting and studying data frm Qmlangma is easy.
84．The statin will als help scientists study and understand the glbal mnsn system.
85．China has becme a glbal frnt-runner in fields related t the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
（2023·湖南邵陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）
Zib is in the middle f Shandng Prvince. In late February, sme cllege students went t try the barbecue (燒烤) when they attended a jb fair in the city. They tk vides f themselves enjying the fd and psted nt scial media. Zib’s special barbecue has gne viral (走紅) quickly. As a result, “cllege students ging t Zib fr barbecue” and “taking a high-speed train t taste Zib barbecue” have becme ht tpics n Chinese scial media.
Xu Jiayue, a student frm Shandng Transprt Vcatinal Cllege, came t Zib t try the barbecue n Tuesday. “We use the stves (火爐) t ck the meat, which gives us a feeling f achievement. We can eat the meat at a perfect temperature, s the fd tastes delicius.” she said.
A ttal f 27,065 visitrs arrived n March 4, setting a recrd fr daily passengers arriving at the railway statin in the past three years. Nw, mre and mre peple start t pur int Zib t try its famus barbecue.
閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷所給句子正 (T) 誤 (F)。
86．In late February, sme teachers tried the barbecue when they attended a jb fair in Zib.
87．Zib has gne viral n Chinese scial media fr its special barbecue.
88．Xu Jiayue came t Zib t try the barbecue n Friday.
89．The number f passengers arriving at the railway statin n March 4 has set a recrd in the past three years.
90．Because f barbecue, Zib has becme a ppular city.
（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·統(tǒng)考中考真題）
Bb and Frank wrked as a salesman in a cmpany (公司) tgether after leaving cllege. They were bth hard-wrking. But years later, Bb became a sales manager while Frank remained a salesman.
Frank wrte t his bss because he thught the bss did nt value hard-wrking wrkers, nly raising thse wh tried t please him. He thught that it was nt fair.
In reply, the bss said t Frank, “G and find ut whether there is anyne selling watermelns in the market.” Frank went, returned and said. “Yes.” The bss asked, “Hw much is a watermeln?” Frank went back t the market and returned. “$ 12 per (每) kilgram.”
The bss tld Frank that he wuld ask Bb the same questin. Bb went, returned and said, “Bss, there is nly ne persn selling watermelns. $12 per kg. $100 fr 10 kg. He has 100 watermelns in ttal. On the table are 58 watermelns, and the thers are in the bx. Every watermeln weighs abut12 kg. All f them were bught frm the suth tw days ag. They are fresh and sweet. They are selling well.”
Frank was surprised and and he realized the difference between himself and Bb.
Yu see, a mre successful persn sees mre, thinks mre and understands deeply.
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷正、誤。
(注意：考生將答題卡相應位置涂黑。正確的涂“A”，錯誤的涂“B”)
91．Frank and Bb wrked in the same cllege.
92．The bss wrte Frank a letter because Frank was hard-wrking.
93．Bb fund nly ne persn selling watermelns in the market.
94．Accrding t Bb, frty-tw watermelns were in the bx.
95．Frm the passage, we knw that Frank was mre successful than Bb.
（2023·吉林長春·統(tǒng)考中考真題）
It was a schl trip. All f us were hungry fr it fr lng. I went t Changbai Muntain with my classmates at the beginning f 2023. The trip was really wnderful.
Jilin Prvince, in the nrtheast f China, is famus fr Changbai Muntain. It is ne f the “Tp 10 Muntains in China”. The name f it means “a muntain which remains white all year rund” in Chinese. The name Changbai Muntain was first used in the Lia Dynasty. The muntain was recrded in the Classic f Muntains and Seas under the name Buxian Muntain. It was called Taibai Muntain in the Tang Dynasty.
In the early mrning, we climbed the muntain frm the western side. Alng the way, we saw several wild animals and we were ttally shcked at the beauty f the muntain. The whle muntain area is under thick snw cver fr tw mnths every year. The higher pints frm 1,500 meters t 2,400 meters abve the sea level are cvered with snw fr mre than six mnths. Changbai Muntain is ne f the mst ppular places fr winter sprts and amusements. We even tried many thrilling rides n the snw. It was s much fun. Besides, we enjyed different kinds f fds.
What excited us mst is undubtedly the Tianchi Lake. It is the deepest alpine (高山的) lake in China. The Tianchi Lake is the place where the Snghua, Tumen and Yalu rivers begin and it has been regarded as a mysterius lake. Nt all visitrs are lucky enugh t see the Tianchi Lake clearly the first time they g there, but we were.
One mre thing we remembered was taking baths in the ht springs. All ur tiredness and pressure were gne there. As visitrs, we can’t stp being in lve with everything we experienced in Changbai Muntain.
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷句子正 (T) 、誤 (F) 。
96．Changbai means “remaining white all year rund” in Chinese.
97．The name Changbai Muntain was used in the Tang Dynasty.
98．Alng the way, the students were ttally shcked at the wild animals.
99．Sme visitrs can’t see the Tianchi Lake clearly the first time they g there.
100．The students’ tiredness and pressure were taken away by different kinds f fds.
目錄
一
復習目標
掌握目標及備考方向
二
考情分析
中考閱讀理解說明文考情分析
三
閱讀判斷的考向
細節(jié)理解題
推理判斷題
主旨大意題
4.提升必考題型歸納
四
真題感悟
中考閱讀判斷經(jīng)典考題精選
類型
特點
答題技巧
細節(jié)理解型
題干與原文在細節(jié)或語句方面都是截然相同或相反。常考細節(jié)有時間、地點、人物、所發(fā)生的事件以及起修飾作用的詞等。
根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞找到文中的原句，對比題干的細節(jié)與原文是否一致。只有完全符合文章意思的句子方可判定為正確。那些基本意思相符，仍有某一點不符的應判定為錯誤。
推理判斷型
題干與原文不完全一致，需要通過分析原文和題干，間接推斷題干與原文是否一致。
定要從文章的具體段落和句子中找到依據(jù)，并進行認真比較分析，不能憑印象想當然，胡亂猜測。
主旨大意型
該類型往往考查對全文的把握，斷章取義、以偏概全是常犯的錯誤。
閱讀文章時應主要捕捉內(nèi)容要點，掌握主旨和作者意圖，不要過分推敲語言點，否則難以作出正確的判斷。

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