第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
Making My Own Bicycle
It was a Saturday mrning. James and I were at the Bamb Bicycle Club, ready fr ur bamb bicycle building curse.
The first step was setting up the structure fr hlding the frame (骨架) in place. After that we were tld t ___1___ the bamb t be f use, which was a delicate jb. There were several things t ___2___. Of curse, finding pieces that were the clr we wanted was just as imprtant.
The rest f the afternn was spent ___3___ each piece f the frame int the structure. Bamb is fairly flexible, and this particular ___4___ meant that sme adjustments were really necessary. One prblem lining up the tw chains causes ___5___ made ur frame useless. Luckily, hwever, after sme careful ___6___, we cnfirmed that it was alright. There was just enugh space t fit a wheel.
On Sunday mrning we returned t the wrkshp t cmplete the final ___7___. We began t tightly wrap each jint n the frame, t keep it ___8___ with natural fibers kept in special glue. All that was left nw was fr it t dry. In a few hurs we wuld be fficial members f the Bamb Bicycle Club.
Finally we finished ur jb. I culdn’t wait t ___9___ ur bicycle t find ut what it was really like t ride a bamb bicycle. It felt just as ____10____ as any bicycle, but sfter and mre relaxed. Nw, every time I get n ur bicycle, I can’t help smiling. It reminds me f when James and I built it and makes me prud f myself.
1. A. returnB. cverC. deliverD. select
2. A. bring inB. watch frC. take verD. give away
3. A. fixingB. changingC. leavingD. mixing
4. A. angleB. psitinC. qualityD. stage
5. A. nlyB. almstC. seldmD. still
6. A. checksB. requestsC. preparatinsD. links
7. A. reprtB. cmmandC. judgementD. prcess
8. A. smthB. heavyC. firmD. slim
9. A. chargeB. testC. seekD. equip
10. A. cmplicatedB. accurateC. suitableD. capable
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)
A
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫 1 個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
Mia rushed hme and threw pen the frnt dr. Her mther turned arund, surprised that Mia was hme frm schl s early. “I wn first place in the art cntest!” she said ___11___ pride and raised her head, expecting praise. Thugh Mia ___12___ (wrk) eagerly n her art submissin fr weeks, her mther wasn’t sure ___13___ he prject invlved. “That’s wnderful, Mia! What was the subject f yur art prject?” her mther asked. Smiling frm ear t ear, Mia handed ver her artwrk. It was a prtrait f her mther.
B
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
In June2012, China’s first manned deep-sea submersible (潛水器), Jialng, set a wrld diving recrd fr submersibles f its kind by reaching a ____14____ (deep) f 7,062 meters in the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. In 2017, China successfully tested a submersible called Shenhai Yngshi, capable f diving 4,500 meters. ____15____ much f Jialng’s equipment was imprted, abut 95 percent f Shenhai Yngshi and all its cre cmpnents ____16____ (prduce) dmestically, said Xu Qinan, the chief designer f Jialng.
C
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
Nearly tw decades____17____ (pass) since China sent the first Beidu satellite int space in 2000. During that time, mre Beidu satellites were sent int rbit (軌道), ____18____ (frm) the Beidu Navigatin Satellite System (BDS). In late 2012, it began prviding psitining, navigatin, timing and messaging ____19____ (service) t peple in China and ther parts f the Asia-Pacific regin. At the end f 2018, BDS started t serve users wrldwide. Nw with tw mre Beidu satellites ____20____ (launch) n Dec 16, 2019, BDS has 53 satellites in rbit.
第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)
第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
A
THE OLYMPIC STUDIES CENTRE
YOUR SOURCE OF REFERENCE FOR OLYMPIC KNOWLEDGE
The IOC Olympic Studies Centre is the wrld surce f reference fr Olympic knwledge. Our missin is t share this knwledge with prfessinals and researchers thrugh prviding infrmatin, giving access t ur unique cllectins, enabling research and stimulating intellectual exchange.
As part f the IOC, we are uniquely placed t cllect and share the mst up-t-date and accurate infrmatin n Olympism. Our cllectins include the IOC archives (檔案), the fficial publicatins f the IOC and the Organizing Cmmittee f the Olympic Games as well as bks, articles and jurnals.
HERE TO HELP
Whatever yur interest in the Olympic Mvement—academic r prfessinal—we will help yu find the infrmatin yu need, quickly and easily. We’re here t:
Answer yur questins: share factual and histrical infrmatin, Games results and statistics
Give persnalized guidance: help yu find what yu need in ur extensive library and archives
Lend yu bks and publicatins, even internatinally
Give yu nline access: t ur electrnic dcuments
Award research grants: t PhD students and established researchers
Cnnect yu t ur netwrk: f academic experts in Olympic studies
Jin the academic cmmunity interested in Olympic studies
One f ur key rles is t facilitate cmmunicatin and cperatin between the IOC and the internatinal academic cmmunity in rder t prmte research and stimulate intellectual exchange.
This wrldwide cmmunity is mainly cmpsed f ver 40 Olympic Studies Centers and hundreds f individual schlars and university students wrking n academic prjects related t the field f Olympic studies.
Thanks t this regular exchange and the wrk cnducted by the academics, we enrich the wrld’s Olympic knwledge, share new analysis n key tpics related t the Olympic Mvement and can prvide guidance t universities wishing t launch initiatives n Olympic studies.
Jin ur academic mailing list
University prfessrs and researchers are invited t jin ur academic mailing list t be infrmed abut ur future activities and ther updates cncerning Olympic studies initiatives. T jin, email us with a brief descriptin f yur academic status and yur full cntact details.
VISIT US
Yu’ll find us next dr t the Olympic Museum in Lausanne, Switzerland. We’re pen Mnday t Friday, 9am t 5pm, except n public hlidays and n Christmas. Yu dn’t need an appintment t use the library and the study rms. If yu wuld like t see the histrical archives r need persnal guidance t find yur way arund ur cllectins, please fill ut ur visitr request frm.
21. The Olympic Studies Center mainly aims t ________.
A. give persnalized guidance
B. prvide resurces n the Olympics
C. receive Olympic fans acrss the wrld
D. update infrmatin n Olympism fr fficials
22. What can be learned abut the academic cmmunity?
A. It is rganized by Olympic fficials.
B. It launches prjects at universities.
C. It prmtes academic exchanges.
D. It prvides electrnic dcuments.
23. If yu want t visit the center, yu have t ________.
A. fill ut a visitr request frmB. enter the Olympic Museum
C. make an appintmentD. arrive n wrkdays
B
Kylie Kirkpatrick was getting ready fr wrk when her 9-year-ld sn, Ryan Kyte, burst int her bedrm. The Napa, Califrnia-based third-grader had just watched a news stry abut a kindergarten student in Indiana wh was frced t return her schl lunch because her accunt balance culdn’t cver the meal.
“Ryan was upset,” Kirkpatrick tld TODAY Parents. “He said, ‘Mm, hw des smething like this happen?’ Then he asked what he culd d t help.”
After a bit f brainstrming, Kyte—prnunced “cyte”—decided he wuld use six mnths’ wrth f allwance he had saved up t pay ff the lunch debt f his entire class at West Park Elementary Schl. The bill came up t $74.50.
Thugh Kyte had been eyeballing a new pair f basketball sneakers this was far mre imprtant t him. S, n May 24, he happily dnated his six mnths f savings t the Napa Valley Unified Schl District fd services department.
“Ryan tld them, ‘Please let my friends knw that they n lnger we any mney,’” Kirkpatrick recalled. “Lunch is his favrite part f the day and it brke his heart t think that it’s a stressful time fr sme children.”
The furth-grader-t-be wanted his act f kindness t be unknwn t thers but his prud mther culdn’t resist sharing a pht n Twitter, where it spread quickly.
“Give this kid his mney back. N child shuld be cvering lunch debt fr his class with his allwance,” wrte ne persn. Added anther: “Lve this stry... Special kid.”
Practicing gd deeds is nthing new fr Kyte. “I’ll g int the garage and Ryan’s bike is missing because he gave it t a friend in need,” Kirkpatrick, a sign-language interpreter, tld TODAY Parents. “One time, a friend didn’t have any shes that fit, s Ryan gave him a pair f his wn shes.”
Recently, an investr gt wind f what Kyte had dne fr his classmates and he cntacted Kirkpatrick. “He wanted t give Ryan mney t put in his savings accunt,” she said.
Kyte, wh recently lst his father t ALS, had anther idea.
“Ryan tld the man t pay it frward,” Kirkpatrick said. “S he made a dnatin t the ALS Assciatin. I can’t even begin t tell yu what that meant t Ryan. All he wants is t make the wrld a better place.”
24. Instead f buying a new pair f sneakers, Ryan was mre cncerned abut ________.
A. his schl lunchB. his accunt balance
C. his six mnths f savingsD. his classmates’ lunch debt
25. What d we knw abut Ryan Kyte frm the passage?
A. He tried his best t help his friends in need.
B. He culdn’t resist sharing his phts n Twitter.
C. He accepted a dnatin frm the ALS Assciatin.
D. He argued against negative reviews n scial media.
26. What des the stry intend t tell us?
A. Life is always tugh fr schl children.
BA kid can make a difference in the wrld.
C. Scial media can make yung peple ppular.
D. Friendship is an imprtant part f being a yuth.
C
Althugh it has been revealed in recent years that plants are capable f seeing, hearing and smelling, they are still usually thught f as silent. But nw, fr the first time, they have been recrded making ultrasnic cries when stressed, which researchers say culd pen up a new field f precisin agriculture where farmers listen fr water-starved crps.
Itzhak Khait and his clleagues at Tel Aviv University in Israel fund that tmat and tbacc plants made cries at frequencies humans cannt hear when stressed by a lack f water r when their stem is cut.
Micrphnes placed 10 centimetres frm the plants picked up sunds in the ultrasnic range f 20 t 100 kilhertz, which the team says insects and sme mammals wuld be capable f hearing and respnding t frm as far as 5 metres away. A mth may decide against laying eggs n a plant that sunds water-stressed, the researchers suggest. Plants culd even hear that ther plants are shrt f water and react accrdingly, they speculate.
On average, drught-stressed tmat plants made 35 sunds an hur, while tbacc plants made 11. When plant stems were cut, tmat plants made an average f 25 sunds in the fllwing hur, and tbacc plants 15. Unstressed plants prduced fewer than ne sund per hur, n average.
It is even pssible t distinguish between the sunds t knw what the stress is. The researchers trained a machine-learning mdel t discriminate between the plants’ sunds and the wind, rain and ther nises f the greenhuse, crrectly identifying in mst cases whether the stress was caused by dryness r a cut, based n the sund’s intensity and frequency. Water-hungry tbacc appears t make luder sunds than cut tbacc, fr example.
Enabling farmers t listen fr water-stressed plants culd “pen a new directin in the field f precisin agriculture”, the researchers suggest. They add that such an ability will be increasingly imprtant as climate change expses mre areas t drught.
“The suggestin that the sunds that drught-stressed plants make culd be used in precisin agriculture seems feasible if it is nt t cstly t set up the recrding in a field situatin,” says Anne Visscher at the Ryal Btanic Gardens, Kew, in the UK.
She warns that the results can’t yet be bradened ut t ther stresses, such as salt r temperature, because these may nt lead t sunds. In additin, there have been n experiments t shw whether mths r any ther animal can hear and respnd t the sunds the plants make, s that idea remains speculative（推測的）fr nw, she says.
27. The experiment by researchers at Tel Aviv University shws that_______.
A. tbacc plants make luder sunds than tmat plants when hurt
B. water-hungry tmat plants are mre sensible than tbacc plants
C. unstressed plants prduced sunds f laughter when being watered
D. plants respnd t the sunds the plants make and prtect themselves
28. What is Anne Visscher’s attitude twards the finding f the experiment?
A. AppreciativeB. Dubtful
C. CautiusD. Optimistic
29. It can be learnt frm the research that ________.
A. greenhuse effects can be avided
B. sil cnditin can be adjusted in time.
Cplant cnditin can be diagnsed faster.
D. insects can be detected and remved easily.
30. What is the best title fr the article?
A. Plants Get Stressed Just Like Us
B. Plants Scream in Presence f Stress
C. Sunds f Plants Detected Far Away
D. Sunds f Plants Break Farmers’ Hearts
D
Upskilling is the future—but it must wrk fr everyne
Autmatin and jb replacement will be ne f the mst significant challenges fr the glbal ecnmy f the cming decades. A 2017 Mckinsey reprt established that 375 millin wrkers will need t switch ccupatinal categries by 2030. The Wrld Ecnmic Frum suggests that by 2022, autmatin will replace 75 millin jbs glbally—but create 133 millin new nes.
Research int the likelihd that a jb will be impacted by digitizatin has largely fcused n the “autmatability” f the rle and the fllwing ecnmic reginal and plitical effects f this. What this research desn’t take int accunt is smething mre imprtant fr the millins f taxi drivers and retail wrkers acrss the glbe: their likelihd f being able t change t anther jb that isn’t autmatable. Recent research suggests that the answer t this may be that the skills that enable wrkers t mve up the ladder t mre cmplex rles within their current areas might be less imprtant than brader skills that will enable wrkers t change acrss divisins.
In July, Amazn annunced that it wuld spend $700 millin retraining arund 30% f its 300,000 US wrkfrce. While praisewrthy, it will be interesting t see the utcme. In the UK, the Natinal Retraining Scheme has largely been led by emplyers, meaning that thse n zer-hurs cntracts and part-time wrkers—ften lw-skilled—will miss ut. Gvernance will be a crucial element f ensuring that such schemes fcus n individuals and life-lng learning, rather than upskilling wrkers int rles that will sn als face autmatin.
Accrding t the Mckinsey reprt, “grwing awareness f the scale f the task ahead has yet t translate int actin. Public spending n labur-frce training and supprt has fallen fr years in mst member cuntries f the Organisatin fr Ecnmic C-Operatin and Develpment,” which impacts mre than just the lw-skilled and prly cmpensated.
The glbal impact f autmatin is als put int relief by research demnstrating that, between 1988 and 2015, incme inequality increased thrughut the wrld. Billins f peple d nt have the essentials f life as defined by the UN Sustainable Develpment gals.
Alngside climate change, autmatin is arguably tech’s biggest challenge. As with glbalizatin, gvernments and emplyers—and us wrkers—ignre its ptential cnsequences at risk t urselves.
31. It can be knwn frm Paragraph 2 that .
A. recent research has fund ways t face autmatin
B. brad skills are f great significance in changing jbs
C. reginal ecnmy can affect the autmatability f a jb
D. it is even harder fr wrkers t mve up the scial ladder
32. What is the authr’s attitude twards retraining prgrams?
A. Supprtive.B. Critical.
C. Skeptical.D. Sympathetic.
33. Accrding t the authr, what is ne cnsequence f autmatin?
A. Less spending n training.B. A slwdwn f glbalizatin.
C. Scial unrest and instability.D. An increase in incme inequality.
34. The passage is written t .
A. argue the urgency f creating new jbsB. cmpare glbalizatin with autmatin
C. analyze the autmatability f certain jbsD. stress the imprtance f upskilling wrkers
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Optimism Bias (偏見)
While we ften like t think f urselves as highly ratinal and lgical, researchers have fund that the human brain is smetimes t ptimistic fr its wn gd. If yu were asked t estimate hw likely yu are t experience illness, jb lss, r an accident, yu are likely t underestimate the prbability that such events will ever impact yur life. ___35___
This bias leads us t believe that we are less likely t suffer frm misfrtune and mre likely t attain success than reality wuld suggest. We believe that we will live lnger, and that we will be mre successful in life than the average. ___36___
The ptimism bias is essentially a mistaken belief that ur chances f experiencing negative events are lwer and ur chances f experiencing psitive events are higher than thse f ur peers. And this verly psitive assumptin desn’t mean that we have an verly sunny utlk n ur wn lives. ___37___ Peple might skip their yearly physical, nt wear their seatbelt, r fail t put n sunscreen because they mistakenly believe that they are less likely t get sick, get in an accident, r get skin cancer.
Cgnitive neurscientist Tali Shart, authr f The Optimism Bias: A Tur f the Irratinally Psitive Brain, ntes that this bias is widespread and can be seen in cultures all ver the wrld. Shart als suggests that while this ptimism bias can at times lead t negative utcmes like flishly engaging in risky behavirs r making pr chices abut yur health, it can als have its benefits. ___38___ If we expect gd things t happen, we are mre likely t be happy. This ptimism can act as a self-fulfilling prphecy. By believing that we will be successful, peple are in fact mre likely t be successful.
___39___ After all, if we didn’t believe that we culd achieve success, why wuld we even bther trying? Optimists are als mre likely t take measures t prtect their health such as exercising, taking vitamins, and fllwing a nutritius diet.
A. Optimism als mtivates us t pursue ur gals.
B. But we are als highly mtivated t be s ptimistic.
C. But definitely nt everyne is blessed with such luck.
D. This is because yur brain has a built-in ptimism bias.
E. It can als lead t pr decisin-making, which can smetimes have disastrus results.
F. This ptimism enhances well-being by creating a sense f anticipatin abut the future.
G. Varius causes may lead t the ptimistic bias, including cgnitive and mtivatinal factrs.
第三部分：書面表達(共兩節(jié)，32分)
第一節(jié)(共4小題;第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分)
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求回答問題。
Digital Inclusin fr Older Adults
As a researcher in the behavir f lder adults, I regularly hear cmplaints frm them like, “I’m just nt part f this wrld anymre. In certain parts f sciety, I just can’t jin… Sme things just are nt pssible if yu are nt in the flw f the Internet.” r “We feel like we’re standing utside a building that we have n access t.”
Tday, mastering digital technlgy has becme a key cmpnent f what it means t fully participate in sciety. But ne area in particular threatens t prevent sme lder adults frm making cnnectins: the digital divide.
As a recent study shws, ne-third f adults aged 65 and lder say they’ve never used the Internet, and half dn’t have Internet access at hme. Of thse wh d use the Internet, nearly half say they need smene else’s help t set up r use a new digital device.
In cntrast t cncerns abut technlgy use increasing islatin(孤立；隔離) amng yunger ppulatins, the cmmunicatin and cnnectin pssible nline can be especially valuable fr lder adults wh are hmebund, live far away frm family, r have lst the lved nes. Older adults can use nline tls t cnnect with friends and family via messaging platfrms, vide chat, and scial media even if they can n lnger physically visit them. And they can engage with the utside wrld thrugh news, blgs, streaming platfrms, and email, even if they are n lnger able t mve abut as easily as they nce culd.
Fr lder adults in particular, the risks assciated with scial islatin are prfund. Lneliness amng lder adults has been assciated with depressin, functinal decline, and death. Technlgy can serve as an imprtant tl t help reduce these risks, but nly if we prvide lder adults with the skills they need, t make inclusin in the digital wrld accessible t them.
The imprtance f digital inclusin is nt ging t disappear with the generatinal changes f the cming decades. Technlgy is cntinuusly develping, and with each new digital innvatin cme challenges fr even yunger adults t adapt.
40. What prevents sme lder adults frm cnnecting with sciety?
41. What d the statistics in Paragraph 3 indicate?
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
●Enabling lder adults t access the digital wrld can help them recver frm depressin and functinal decline.
43. Please briefly present yur pinin n digital inclusin. (abut 40 wrds)
第二節(jié)(20分)
44. 假設你是紅星中學高三(1)班班長李華。你班即將在12月3日國際殘疾人日(Internatinal Day f Persns with Disabilities)開展關愛殘疾人活動。請你給交換生Jim寫一封電子郵件邀請他參加，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 活動目的及安排；
2. 邀請參加。
注意：1. 詞數(shù)100左右；
2. 開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs
Li Hua
2023-2024學年度第一學期期中練習題
年級：高三科目：英語
(考試時間90分鐘，滿分100分)
第一部分：知識運用(共兩節(jié)，30分)
第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
Making My Own Bicycle
It was a Saturday mrning. James and I were at the Bamb Bicycle Club, ready fr ur bamb bicycle building curse.
The first step was setting up the structure fr hlding the frame (骨架) in place. After that we were tld t ___1___ the bamb t be f use which was a delicate jb. There were several things t ___2___. Of curse, finding pieces that were the clr we wanted was just as imprtant.
The rest f the afternn was spent ___3___ each piece f the frame int the structure. Bamb is fairly flexible, and this particular ___4___ meant that sme adjustments were really necessary. One prblem lining up the tw chains causes ___5___ made ur frame useless. Luckily, hwever, after sme careful ___6___, we cnfirmed that it was alright. There was just enugh space t fit a wheel.
On Sunday mrning we returned t the wrkshp t cmplete the final ___7___. We began t tightly wrap each jint n the frame, t keep it ___8___ with natural fibers kept in special glue. All that was left nw was fr it t dry. In a few hurs we wuld be fficial members f the Bamb Bicycle Club.
Finally we finished ur jb. I culdn’t wait t ___9___ ur bicycle t find ut what it was really like t ride a bamb bicycle. It felt just as ____10____ as any bicycle, but sfter and mre relaxed. Nw, every time I get n ur bicycle, I can’t help smiling. It reminds me f when James and I built it and makes me prud f myself.
1. A. returnB. cverC. deliverD. select
2. A. bring inB. watch frC. take verD. give away
3. A. fixingB. changingC. leavingD. mixing
4. A. angleB. psitinC. qualityD. stage
5. A. nlyB. almstC. seldmD. still
6. A. checksB. requestsC. preparatinsD. links
7. A. reprtB. cmmandC. judgementD. prcess
8. A. smthB. heavyC. firmD. slim
9. A. chargeB. testC. seekD. equip
10. A. cmplicatedB. accurateC. suitableD. capable
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. D
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇記敘文。一個星期六的早晨，作者和詹姆斯在竹制自行車俱樂部，準備他們的竹制自行車建造課程。文章講述了制作過程和感受。
【1題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在那之后，我們被告知要挑選可用的竹子，這是一項精細的工作。A. return返回；B. cver覆蓋；C. deliver遞送；D. select挑選。根據(jù)“t be f use”可知，此處是指挑選出可用的竹子。故選D。
【2題詳解】
考查動詞短語辨析。句意：有幾件事需要注意。A. bring in引進；B. watch fr注意；C. take ver接管；D. give away贈送。根據(jù)“which was a delicate jb”可知，因為這個工作很精細，所以有幾件事需要注意。故選B。
【3題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：下午剩下的時間都用來固定框架的每一塊到結(jié)構(gòu)上。A. fixing固定；B. changing改變；C. leaving離開；D. mixing混合。根據(jù)“each piece f the frame”和“int the structure”可知，此處是指固定框架的每一塊到結(jié)構(gòu)上。故選A。
【4題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：竹子是相當靈活的，這種特殊的質(zhì)量意味著一些調(diào)整是非常必要的。A. angle角度；B. psitin位置；C. quality質(zhì)量；D. stage舞臺。根據(jù)“Bamb is fairly flexible”可知，this是指竹子的特質(zhì)。故選C。
【5題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：連接這兩條鏈子導致的一個問題幾乎讓我們的框架無用。A. nly只有；B. almst幾乎；C. seldm很少；D. still仍然。根據(jù)“Luckily”可知，最后問題解決了，所以是幾乎讓我們的框架無用。故選B。
【6題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不過，幸運的是，經(jīng)過一些仔細的檢查，我們確認它沒有問題。A. checks檢查；B. requests要求；C. preparatins準備；D. links連接。根據(jù)“cnfirmed”可知，此處是指通過仔細的檢查確認沒有問題。故選A。
【7題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：周日上午，我們回到車間完成最后的工序。A. reprt報告；B. cmmand命令；C. judgement判斷；D. prcess工藝流程。根據(jù)“we returned t the wrkshp”可知，此處是指完成最后的工序。故選D。
【8題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們開始把每個連接處都緊緊地包裹在框架上，用天然纖維和特殊膠水粘合牢固。A. smth光滑的；B. heavy沉重的；C. firm牢固的；D. slim苗條的。根據(jù)“We began t tightly wrap each jint n the frame”可知，此處是指把它粘牢。故選C。
【9題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我迫不及待地想試試我們的自行車，看看騎一輛竹制自行車到底是什么感覺。A. charge充電；B. test測試；C. seek尋找；D. equip配備。根據(jù)“t find ut what it was really like t ride a bamb bicycle”可知，此處是指試試自行車。故選B。
【10題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它感覺和任何自行車一樣好用，但更柔軟、更放松。A. cmplicated復雜的；B. accurate精確的；C. suitable適合的；D. capable有能力的。根據(jù)“as any bicycle”可知，這輛自行車雖然是竹子做的，但是和其它自行車一樣好用。故選D。
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)
A
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫 1 個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
Mia rushed hme and threw pen the frnt dr. Her mther turned arund, surprised that Mia was hme frm schl s early. “I wn first place in the art cntest!” she said ___11___ pride and raised her head, expecting praise. Thugh Mia ___12___ (wrk) eagerly n her art submissin fr weeks, her mther wasn’t sure ___13___ he prject invlved. “That’s wnderful, Mia! What was the subject f yur art prject?” her mther asked. Smiling frm ear t ear, Mia handed ver her artwrk. It was a prtrait f her mther.
【答案】11. with
12. had wrked/wrked
13. what
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，描述了米婭在藝術比賽中得第一名（她的作品是一張媽媽的畫像）后回到家告訴媽媽這一好消息時的情景。
【11題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：“我在藝術比賽中得了第一名！”她驕傲地說。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并結(jié)合句意可知此處需要用“with+抽象名詞”作伴隨狀語，表示“驕傲地”，故填with。
【12題詳解】
考查時態(tài)。句意：盡管米婭已經(jīng)為她提交的這個藝術作品忙活了好幾個星期，她的母親卻不知道她在忙什么。事情發(fā)生在過去，應該用一般過去時，也可理解成動作發(fā)生在過去的過去，用過去完成時，故填had wrked/wrked。
【13題詳解】
考查賓語從句。句意同上，此處為賓語從句，從句中的invlved缺少賓語，故填what。
B
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
In June2012, China’s first manned deep-sea submersible (潛水器), Jialng, set a wrld diving recrd fr submersibles f its kind by reaching a ____14____ (deep) f 7,062 meters in the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. In 2017, China successfully tested a submersible called Shenhai Yngshi, capable f diving 4,500 meters. ____15____ much f Jialng’s equipment was imprted, abut 95 percent f Shenhai Yngshi and all its cre cmpnents ____16____ (prduce) dmestically, said Xu Qinan, the chief designer f Jialng.
【答案】14. depth
15. Thugh 16. were prduced
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了2012年6月，中國首艘載人深海潛水器“蛟龍?zhí)枴痹谔窖篑R里亞納海溝下潛7062米，創(chuàng)造了同類潛水器下潛的世界紀錄。
【14題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：2012年6月，中國首艘載人深海潛水器“蛟龍?zhí)枴痹谔窖篑R里亞納海溝下潛7062米，創(chuàng)造了同類潛水器下潛的世界紀錄。分析句子可知，此處為固定短語a depth f，意為“……深”，滿足句意要求，所以此處為名詞depth的填入。故填depth。
【15題詳解】
考查讓步狀語從句。句意：“蛟龍”號的首席設計師徐啟南說，雖然“蛟龍”號的大部分設備都是進口的，但“神海永世”的大約95%及其所有核心部件都是國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)的。分析句子可知，此處為連詞Thugh表示“雖然”引導的讓步狀語從句，滿足句意要求。故填Thugh。
【16題詳解】
考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：“蛟龍”號的首席設計師徐啟南說，雖然“蛟龍”號的大部分設備都是進口的，但“神海永世”的大約95%及其所有核心部件都是國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)的。分析句子可知，此處為謂語動詞的填入，主語cmpnents為復數(shù)名詞和動詞prduce為被動關系，結(jié)合上下文時態(tài)可知，此處應為過去時，所以為一般過去時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)。故填were prduced。
C
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
Nearly tw decades____17____ (pass) since China sent the first Beidu satellite int space in 2000. During that time, mre Beidu satellites were sent int rbit (軌道), ____18____ (frm) the Beidu Navigatin Satellite System (BDS). In late 2012, it began prviding psitining, navigatin, timing and messaging ____19____ (service) t peple in China and ther parts f the Asia-Pacific regin. At the end f 2018, BDS started t serve users wrldwide. Nw with tw mre Beidu satellites ____20____ (launch) n Dec 16, 2019, BDS has 53 satellites in rbit.
【答案】17. have passed
18. frming
19. services
20. launched
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了自2000年中國將第一顆北斗衛(wèi)星送入太空以來，已經(jīng)過去了近20年。在此期間，更多的北斗衛(wèi)星被送入軌道，形成了北斗導航衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)(BDS)。
【17題詳解】
考查動詞時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：自2000年中國將第一顆北斗衛(wèi)星送入太空以來，已經(jīng)過去了近20年。分析句子可知，此處為謂語動詞的填入，結(jié)合該句since可知，應為現(xiàn)在完成時，主語tw decades為復數(shù)名詞，所以為動詞復數(shù)形式。故填have passed。
18題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：在此期間，更多的北斗衛(wèi)星被送入軌道，形成了北斗導航衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)(BDS)。分析句子可知，此處為非謂語動詞作狀語，frm和邏輯主語Beidu satellites為主動關系，所以為現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填frming。
【19題詳解】
考查名詞復數(shù)形式。句意：2012年底，該公司開始向中國和亞太地區(qū)其他地區(qū)的用戶提供定位、導航、授時和信息服務。根據(jù)句意以及上文“psitining, navigatin, timing and messaging”可知，此處服務不止一種，故應用名詞復數(shù)形式。故填services。
【20題詳解】
考查with復合結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：隨著2019年12月16日又發(fā)射兩顆北斗衛(wèi)星，北斗系統(tǒng)在軌衛(wèi)星總數(shù)達到53顆。分析句子可知，此處為with的復合結(jié)構(gòu)，所以其動詞應為非謂語形式，launch和Beidu satellites為被動關系，所以為過去分詞形式。故填launched。
第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)
第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
A
THE OLYMPIC STUDIES CENTRE
YOUR SOURCE OF REFERENCE FOR OLYMPIC KNOWLEDGE
The IOC Olympic Studies Centre is the wrld surce f reference fr Olympic knwledge. Our missin is t share this knwledge with prfessinals and researchers thrugh prviding infrmatin, giving access t ur unique cllectins, enabling research and stimulating intellectual exchange.
As part f the IOC, we are uniquely placed t cllect and share the mst up-t-date and accurate infrmatin n Olympism. Our cllectins include the IOC archives (檔案), the fficial publicatins f the IOC and the Organizing Cmmittee f the Olympic Games as well as bks, articles and jurnals.
HERE TO HELP
Whatever yur interest in the Olympic Mvement—academic r prfessinal—we will help yu find the infrmatin yu need, quickly and easily. We’re here t:
Answer yur questins: share factual and histrical infrmatin, Games results and statistics
Give persnalized guidance: help yu find what yu need in ur extensive library and archives
Lend yu bks and publicatins, even internatinally
Give yu nline access: t ur electrnic dcuments
Award research grants: t PhD students and established researchers
Cnnect yu t ur netwrk: f academic experts in Olympic studies
Jin the academic cmmunity interested in Olympic studies
One f ur key rles is t facilitate cmmunicatin and cperatin between the IOC and the internatinal academic cmmunity in rder t prmte research and stimulate intellectual exchange.
This wrldwide cmmunity is mainly cmpsed f ver 40 Olympic Studies Centers and hundreds f individual schlars and university students wrking n academic prjects related t the field f Olympic studies.
Thanks t this regular exchange and the wrk cnducted by the academics, we enrich the wrld’s Olympic knwledge, share new analysis n key tpics related t the Olympic Mvement and can prvide guidance t universities wishing t launch initiatives n Olympic studies.
Jin ur academic mailing list
University prfessrs and researchers are invited t jin ur academic mailing list t be infrmed abut ur future activities and ther updates cncerning Olympic studies initiatives. T jin, email us with a brief descriptin f yur academic status and yur full cntact details.
VISIT US
Yu’ll find us next dr t the Olympic Museum in Lausanne, Switzerland. We’re pen Mnday t Friday, 9am t 5pm, except n public hlidays and n Christmas. Yu dn’t need an appintment t use the library and the study rms. If yu wuld like t see the histrical archives r need persnal guidance t find yur way arund ur cllectins, please fill ut ur visitr request frm.
21. The Olympic Studies Center mainly aims t ________.
A. give persnalized guidance
B. prvide resurces n the Olympics
C. receive Olympic fans acrss the wrld
D. update infrmatin n Olympism fr fficials
22. What can be learned abut the academic cmmunity?
A. It is rganized by Olympic fficials.
B. It launches prjects at universities.
C. It prmtes academic exchanges.
D. It prvides electrnic dcuments.
23. If yu want t visit the center, yu have t ________.
A. fill ut a visitr request frmB. enter the Olympic Museum
C. make an appintmentD. arrive n wrkdays
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹奧林匹克研究中心。
【21題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句The IOC Olympic Studies Centre is the wrld surce f reference fr Olympic knwledge.“國際奧委會奧林匹克研究中心是世界奧林匹克知識的參考來源。”由此可知，奧林匹克研究中心的主要目標是提供有關奧林匹克的資源。故選B。
【22題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Jin the academic cmmunity interested in Olympic studies中One f ur key rles is t facilitate cmmunicatin and cperatin between the IOC and the internatinal academic cmmunity in rder t prmte research and stimulate intellectual exchange.“我們的主要作用之一是促進國際奧委會和國際學術界之間的交流與合作，以促進研究和促進智力交流。”由此可知，關于學術界，它促進學術交流。故選C。
【23題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)VISIT US中Yu’ll find us next dr t the Olympic Museum in Lausanne, Switzerland. We’re pen Mnday t Friday, 9am t 5pm, except n public hlidays and n Christmas“我們就在瑞士洛桑奧林匹克博物館隔壁。我們周一至周五上午9點至下午5點營業(yè)，公眾假期和圣誕節(jié)除外?！庇纱丝芍?，如果你想?yún)⒂^這個中心，你必須在工作日到達。故選D。
B
Kylie Kirkpatrick was getting ready fr wrk when her 9-year-ld sn, Ryan Kyte, burst int her bedrm. The Napa, Califrnia-based third-grader had just watched a news stry abut a kindergarten student in Indiana wh was frced t return her schl lunch because her accunt balance culdn’t cver the meal.
“Ryan was upset,” Kirkpatrick tld TODAY Parents. “He said, ‘Mm, hw des smething like this happen?’ Then he asked what he culd d t help.”
After a bit f brainstrming, Kyte—prnunced “cyte”—decided he wuld use six mnths’ wrth f allwance he had saved up t pay ff the lunch debt f his entire class at West Park Elementary Schl. The bill came up t $74.50.
Thugh Kyte had been eyeballing a new pair f basketball sneakers, this was far mre imprtant t him. S, n May 24, he happily dnated his six mnths f savings t the Napa Valley Unified Schl District fd services department.
“Ryan tld them, ‘Please let my friends knw that they n lnger we any mney,’” Kirkpatrick recalled. “Lunch is his favrite part f the day and it brke his heart t think that it’s a stressful time fr sme children.”
The furth-grader-t-be wanted his act f kindness t be unknwn t thers, but his prud mther culdn’t resist sharing a pht n Twitter, where it spread quickly.
“Give this kid his mney back. N child shuld be cvering lunch debt fr his class with his allwance,” wrte ne persn. Added anther: “Lve this stry... Special kid.”
Practicing gd deeds is nthing new fr Kyte. “I’ll g int the garage and Ryan’s bike is missing because he gave it t a friend in need,” Kirkpatrick, a sign-language interpreter, tld TODAY Parents. “One time, a friend didn’t have any shes that fit, s Ryan gave him a pair f his wn shes.”
Recently, an investr gt wind f what Kyte had dne fr his classmates and he cntacted Kirkpatrick. “He wanted t give Ryan mney t put in his savings accunt,” she said.
Kyte, wh recently lst his father t ALS, had anther idea.
“Ryan tld the man t pay it frward,” Kirkpatrick said. “S he made a dnatin t the ALS Assciatin. I can’t even begin t tell yu what that meant t Ryan. All he wants is t make the wrld a better place.”
24. Instead f buying a new pair f sneakers, Ryan was mre cncerned abut ________.
A. his schl lunchB. his accunt balance
C. his six mnths f savingsD. his classmates’ lunch debt
25. What d we knw abut Ryan Kyte frm the passage?
A. He tried his best t help his friends in need.
B. He culdn’t resist sharing his phts n Twitter.
C. He accepted a dnatin frm the ALS Assciatin.
D. He argued against negative reviews n scial media.
26. What des the stry intend t tell us?
A. Life is always tugh fr schl children.
B. A kid can make a difference in the wrld.
C. Scial media can make yung peple ppular.
D. Friendship is an imprtant part f being a yuth.
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. B
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了9歲的瑞恩用他攢了6個月、準備用來買運動鞋的零用錢來支付全班同學的午餐費用，而且他還把自己的自行車送給了一個有需要的朋友，他這么做只是想讓世界變得更加美好。
24題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“After a bit f brainstrming, Kyte—prnunced “cyte”—decided he wuld use six mnths’ wrth f allwance he had saved up t pay ff the lunch debt f his entire class at West Park Elementary Schl.”（經(jīng)過一番頭腦風暴，瑞恩·喬特決定用他攢下的六個月的零花錢來支付西園小學全班同學的午餐費用。）以及第四段中“Thugh Kyte had been eyeballing a new pair f basketball sneakers, this was far mre imprtant t him.”（雖然瑞恩·喬特一直盯著一雙新的籃球運動鞋，但這對他來說要重要得多。）可知，比起買一雙新運動鞋，瑞恩更關心的是同學們的午餐費用。故選D項。
【25題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“After a bit f brainstrming, Kyte—prnunced “cyte”—decided he wuld use six mnths’ wrth f allwance he had saved up t pay ff the lunch debt f his entire class at West Park Elementary Schl.”（經(jīng)過一番頭腦風暴，瑞恩·喬特決定用他攢下的六個月的零花錢來支付西園小學全班同學的午餐費用。）以及第八段中“I’ll g int the garage and Ryan’s bike is missing because he gave it t a friend in need,”（我走進車庫，瑞恩的自行車不見了，因為他把它給了一個需要的朋友。）可知，瑞恩總是盡力幫助有困難的朋友。故選A項。
【26題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章大意以及最后一段中“All he wants is t make the wrld a better place.”（他只想讓世界變得更美好。）可知，文章主要講的是9歲的瑞恩用他攢了6個月、準備用來買運動鞋的零用錢來支付全班同學的午餐費用，而且他還把自己的自行車送給了一個有需要的朋友，他這么做只是想讓世界變得更加美好，由此可知，這篇文章是想告訴我們一個小孩的善行也會對世界產(chǎn)生重大影響。故選B項。
C
Althugh it has been revealed in recent years that plants are capable f seeing, hearing and smelling, they are still usually thught f as silent. But nw, fr the first time, they have been recrded making ultrasnic cries when stressed, which researchers say culd pen up a new field f precisin agriculture where farmers listen fr water-starved crps.
Itzhak Khait and his clleagues at Tel Aviv University in Israel fund that tmat and tbacc plants made cries at frequencies humans cannt hear when stressed by a lack f water r when their stem is cut.
Micrphnes placed 10 centimetres frm the plants picked up sunds in the ultrasnic range f 20 t 100 kilhertz, which the team says insects and sme mammals wuld be capable f hearing and respnding t frm as far as 5 metres away. A mth may decide against laying eggs n a plant that sunds water-stressed, the researchers suggest. Plants culd even hear that ther plants are shrt f water and react accrdingly, they speculate.
On average, drught-stressed tmat plants made 35 sunds an hur, while tbacc plants made 11. When plant stems were cut, tmat plants made an average f 25 sunds in the fllwing hur, and tbacc plants 15. Unstressed plants prduced fewer than ne sund per hur, n average.
It is even pssible t distinguish between the sunds t knw what the stress is. The researchers trained a machine-learning mdel t discriminate between the plants’ sunds and the wind, rain and ther nises f the greenhuse, crrectly identifying in mst cases whether the stress was caused by dryness r a cut, based n the sund’s intensity and frequency. Water-hungry tbacc appears t make luder sunds than cut tbacc, fr example.
Enabling farmers t listen fr water-stressed plants culd “pen a new directin in the field f precisin agriculture”, the researchers suggest. They add that such an ability will be increasingly imprtant as climate change expses mre areas t drught.
“The suggestin that the sunds that drught-stressed plants make culd be used in precisin agriculture seems feasible if it is nt t cstly t set up the recrding in a field situatin,” says Anne Visscher at the Ryal Btanic Gardens, Kew, in the UK.
She warns that the results can’t yet be bradened ut t ther stresses, such as salt r temperature, because these may nt lead t sunds. In additin, there have been n experiments t shw whether mths r any ther animal can hear and respnd t the sunds the plants make, s that idea remains speculative（推測的）fr nw, she says.
27. The experiment by researchers at Tel Aviv University shws that_______.
A. tbacc plants make luder sunds than tmat plants when hurt
B. water-hungry tmat plants are mre sensible than tbacc plants
C. unstressed plants prduced sunds f laughter when being watered
D. plants respnd t the sunds the plants make and prtect themselves
28. What is Anne Visscher’s attitude twards the finding f the experiment?
A. AppreciativeB. Dubtful
C. CautiusD. Optimistic
29. It can be learnt frm the research that ________.
A. greenhuse effects can be avided
B. sil cnditin can be adjusted in time.
C. plant cnditin can be diagnsed faster.
D. insects can be detected and remved easily.
30. What is the best title fr the article?
A. Plants Get Stressed Just Like Us
B. Plants Scream in Presence f Stress
C. Sunds f Plants Detected Far Away
D. Sunds f Plants Break Farmers’ Hearts
【答案】27. B 28. C 29. C 30. B
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了，一項研究表明，植物在壓力下會發(fā)出超聲波叫聲，這可能會開辟一個精確農(nóng)業(yè)的新領域，讓農(nóng)民們傾聽缺水作物的聲音。
【27題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的“On average, drught-stressed tmat plants made 35 sunds an hur, while tbacc plants made 11.”（平均來說，干旱壓力下的番茄植株每小時發(fā)出35個聲音，而煙草植株每小時發(fā)出11個聲音。），可知缺水番茄比煙草更敏感，干旱條件下，番茄植株發(fā)聲多。故選B項。
【28題詳解】
推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段“The suggestin that the sunds that drught-stressed plants make culd be used in precisin agriculture seems feasible if it is nt t cstly t set up the recrding in a field situatin”（干旱壓力下植物發(fā)出的聲音可以用于精準農(nóng)業(yè)的建議，如果在田間條件下設置錄音成本不太高的話，這一建議似乎是可行的。）和最后一段中的“She warns that the results can’t yet be bradened ut t ther stresses, such as salt r temperature, because these may nt lead t sunds. In additin, there have been n experiments t shw whether mths r any ther animal can hear and respnd t the sunds the plants make, s that idea remains speculative（推測的）fr nw, she says.”（她警告說，研究結(jié)果還不能擴大到其他壓力，如鹽或溫度，因為這些可能不會導致聲音。此外，她還說，目前還沒有實驗證明飛蛾或其他動物是否能聽到并對植物發(fā)出的聲音做出反應，所以這個想法目前仍然是推測性的。），可推斷出Anne Visscher對實驗的發(fā)現(xiàn)抱有謹慎的態(tài)度。故選C項。
【29題詳解】
推理判斷題。由第一段中的“But nw, fr the first time, they have been recrded making ultrasnic cries when stressed, which researchers say culd pen up a new field f precisin agriculture where farmers listen fr water-starved crps.”（但現(xiàn)在，有人首次記錄到它們在壓力下會發(fā)出超聲波叫聲，研究人員說，這可能會開辟一個精確農(nóng)業(yè)的新領域，讓農(nóng)民們傾聽缺水作物的聲音。）和第五段中的“The researchers trained a machine-learning mdel t discriminate between the plants’ sunds and the wind, rain and ther nises f the greenhuse, crrectly identifying in mst cases whether the stress was caused by dryness r a cut, based n the sund’s intensity and frequency.”（研究人員訓練了一個機器學習模型來區(qū)分植物的聲音和溫室里的風、雨和其他噪音，根據(jù)聲音的強度和頻率，在大多數(shù)情況下正確地識別出壓力是由干燥還是割傷引起的。），可推斷出此研究可以幫助人們更快地診斷出植物狀況。故選C項。
【30題詳解】
主旨大意題。由第一段中的“But nw, fr the first time, they have been recrded making ultrasnic cries when stressed, which researchers say culd pen up a new field f precisin agriculture where farmers listen fr water-starved crps.”（但現(xiàn)在，有人首次記錄到它們在壓力下會發(fā)出超聲波叫聲，研究人員說，這可能會開辟一個精確農(nóng)業(yè)的新領域，讓農(nóng)民們傾聽缺水作物的聲音。）和第二段“Itzhak Khait and his clleagues at Tel Aviv University in Israel fund that tmat and tbacc plants made cries at frequencies humans cannt hear when stressed by a lack f water r when their stem is cut.”（以色列特拉維夫大學的伊扎克?哈伊特和他的同事們發(fā)現(xiàn)，番茄和煙草植物在缺水或莖被割下時發(fā)出的叫聲頻率是人類聽不到的。），可知文章講的是植物會在壓力下發(fā)出人類聽不到的超聲波叫聲，所以B選項“植物在壓力下尖叫”，為短文最佳標題。故選B項。
D
Upskilling is the future—but it must wrk fr everyne
Autmatin and jb replacement will be ne f the mst significant challenges fr the glbal ecnmy f the cming decades. A 2017 Mckinsey reprt established that 375 millin wrkers will need t switch ccupatinal categries by 2030. The Wrld Ecnmic Frum suggests that by 2022, autmatin will replace 75 millin jbs glbally—but create 133 millin new nes.
Research int the likelihd that a jb will be impacted by digitizatin has largely fcused n the “autmatability” f the rle and the fllwing ecnmic reginal and plitical effects f this. What this research desn’t take int accunt is smething mre imprtant fr the millins f taxi drivers and retail wrkers acrss the glbe: their likelihd f being able t change t anther jb that isn’t autmatable. Recent research suggests that the answer t this may be that the skills that enable wrkers t mve up the ladder t mre cmplex rles within their current areas might be less imprtant than brader skills that will enable wrkers t change acrss divisins.
In July, Amazn annunced that it wuld spend $700 millin retraining arund 30% f its 300,000 US wrkfrce. While praisewrthy, it will be interesting t see the utcme. In the UK, the Natinal Retraining Scheme has largely been led by emplyers, meaning that thse n zer-hurs cntracts and part-time wrkers—ften lw-skilled—will miss ut. Gvernance will be a crucial element f ensuring that such schemes fcus n individuals and life-lng learning, rather than upskilling wrkers int rles that will sn als face autmatin.
Accrding t the Mckinsey reprt, “grwing awareness f the scale f the task ahead has yet t translate int actin. Public spending n labur-frce training and supprt has fallen fr years in mst member cuntries f the Organisatin fr Ecnmic C-Operatin and Develpment,” which impacts mre than just the lw-skilled and prly cmpensated.
The glbal impact f autmatin is als put int relief by research demnstrating that, between 1988 and 2015, incme inequality increased thrughut the wrld. Billins f peple d nt have the essentials f life as defined by the UN Sustainable Develpment gals.
Alngside climate change, autmatin is arguably tech’s biggest challenge. As with glbalizatin, gvernments and emplyers—and us wrkers—ignre its ptential cnsequences at risk t urselves.
31. It can be knwn frm Paragraph 2 that .
A. recent research has fund ways t face autmatin
B. brad skills are f great significance in changing jbs
C. reginal ecnmy can affect the autmatability f a jb
D. it is even harder fr wrkers t mve up the scial ladder
32. What is the authr’s attitude twards retraining prgrams?
A. Supprtive.B. Critical.
C. Skeptical.D. Sympathetic.
33. Accrding t the authr, what is ne cnsequence f autmatin?
A. Less spending n training.B. A slwdwn f glbalizatin.
C. Scial unrest and instability.D. An increase in incme inequality.
34. The passage is written t .
A. argue the urgency f creating new jbsB. cmpare glbalizatin with autmatin
C. analyze the autmatability f certain jbsD. stress the imprtance f upskilling wrkers
【答案】31. B 32. C 33. D 34. D
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了自動化和就業(yè)替代將是未來幾十年全球經(jīng)濟面臨的最重大挑戰(zhàn)之一，而要應對這一趨勢，當務之急是提高自身技能，尤其是跨部門跳槽所需的廣泛技能。文章說明了再培訓項目存在的問題，指出除了氣候變化，自動化可以說是科技面臨的最大挑戰(zhàn)。就像全球化一樣，政府和雇主——以及美國工人——忽視了全球化對我們自身的潛在影響。
【31題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Recent research suggests that the answer t this may be that the skills that enable wrkers t mve up the ladder t mre cmplex rles within their current areas might be less imprtant than brader skills that will enable wrkers t change acrss divisins.可知最近的研究表明，這個問題的答案可能是，使工人能夠在其目前的領域內(nèi)晉升到更復雜的角色的技能，可能不如使工人能夠跨部門轉(zhuǎn)換的更廣泛的技能重要。由此可知，廣泛的技能在換工作中是非常重要的。故選B。
【32題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中In the UK, the Natinal Retraining Scheme has largely been led by emplyers, meaning that thse n zer-hurs cntracts and part-time wrkers—ften lw-skilled—will miss ut.可知在英國，國家再培訓計劃在很大程度上是由雇主主導的，這意味著那些簽訂零時合同的人和兼職工人——往往技能低下——將會錯過機會。由此可推知，作者對再培訓計劃持懷疑態(tài)度。故選C。
【33題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中The glbal impact f autmatin is als put int relief by research demnstrating that, between 1988 and 2015, incme inequality increased thrughut the wrld.可知研究表明，1988年至2015年期間，世界各地收入不平等現(xiàn)象加劇，這也讓自動化對全球的影響得到了緩解。由此可推知，作者認為自動化的一個后果是收入不平等加劇。故選D。
【34題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標題Upskilling is the future—but it must wrk fr everyne(技能提升是未來的趨勢，但它必須適用于每個人)結(jié)合文章主要說明了自動化和就業(yè)替代將是未來幾十年全球經(jīng)濟面臨的最重大挑戰(zhàn)之一，而要應對這一趨勢，當務之急是提高自身技能，尤其是跨部門跳槽所需的廣泛技能。文章說明了再培訓項目存在的問題，指出除了氣候變化，自動化可以說是科技面臨的最大挑戰(zhàn)。就像全球化一樣，政府和雇主——以及工人——忽視了全球化對我們自身的潛在影響。由此可推知，這篇文章是為了強調(diào)提高工人技能的重要性。故選D。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Optimism Bias (偏見)
While we ften like t think f urselves as highly ratinal and lgical, researchers have fund that the human brain is smetimes t ptimistic fr its wn gd. If yu were asked t estimate hw likely yu are t experience illness, jb lss, r an accident, yu are likely t underestimate the prbability that such events will ever impact yur life. ___35___
This bias leads us t believe that we are less likely t suffer frm misfrtune and mre likely t attain success than reality wuld suggest. We believe that we will live lnger, and that we will be mre successful in life than the average. ___36___
The ptimism bias is essentially a mistaken belief that ur chances f experiencing negative events are lwer and ur chances f experiencing psitive events are higher than thse f ur peers. And this verly psitive assumptin desn’t mean that we have an verly sunny utlk n ur wn lives. ___37___ Peple might skip their yearly physical, nt wear their seatbelt, r fail t put n sunscreen because they mistakenly believe that they are less likely t get sick, get in an accident, r get skin cancer.
Cgnitive neurscientist Tali Shart, authr f The Optimism Bias: A Tur f the Irratinally Psitive Brain, ntes that this bias is widespread and can be seen in cultures all ver the wrld. Shart als suggests that while this ptimism bias can at times lead t negative utcmes like flishly engaging in risky behavirs r making pr chices abut yur health, it can als have its benefits. ___38___ If we expect gd things t happen, we are mre likely t be happy. This ptimism can act as a self-fulfilling prphecy. By believing that we will be successful, peple are in fact mre likely t be successful.
___39___ After all, if we didn’t believe that we culd achieve success, why wuld we even bther trying? Optimists are als mre likely t take measures t prtect their health such as exercising, taking vitamins, and fllwing a nutritius diet.
A. Optimism als mtivates us t pursue ur gals.
B. But we are als highly mtivated t be s ptimistic.
C. But definitely nt everyne is blessed with such luck.
D. This is because yur brain has a built-in ptimism bias.
E. It can als lead t pr decisin-making, which can smetimes have disastrus results.
F. This ptimism enhances well-being by creating a sense f anticipatin abut the future.
G. Varius causes may lead t the ptimistic bias, including cgnitive and mtivatinal factrs.
【答案】35. D 36. C 37. E 38. F 39. A
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要圍繞著樂觀偏見展開，介紹了什么是樂觀偏見以及樂觀偏見的優(yōu)缺點。
【35題詳解】
根據(jù)上文While we ften like t think f urselves as highly ratinal and lgical, researchers have fund that the human brain is smetimes t ptimistic fr its wn gd. If yu were asked t estimate hw likely yu are t experience illness, jb lss, r an accident, yu are likely t underestimate the prbability that such events will ever impact yur life.可知雖然我們通常認為自己是高度理性和邏輯性的，但研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，人類大腦有時過于樂觀，不利于自身的健康。 如果你被要求估計你經(jīng)歷疾病、失業(yè)或事故的可能性，你可能會低估這些事件影響你生活的可能性。由此可知，本句承接上文，解釋說明產(chǎn)生上述這種現(xiàn)象的原因。故D選項“這是因為你的大腦有一種內(nèi)在的樂觀偏見”符合上下文語境，故選D。
【36題詳解】
根據(jù)上文We believe that we will live lnger, and that we will be mre successful in life than the average.可知我們相信我們會活得更久，我們會比一般人更成功。由此可知，樂觀偏見會讓我們認為我們比其他人更幸運，本句則應當是表明不是每個人都這么幸運，與下文介紹樂觀偏見的誤區(qū)緊密聯(lián)系。故C選項“但肯定不是每個人都有這樣的運氣”符合上下文語境，故選C。
【37題詳解】
根據(jù)后文Peple might skip their yearly physical, nt wear their seatbelt, r fail t put n sunscreen because they mistakenly believe that they are less likely t get sick, get in an accident, r get skin cancer.可知人們可能會跳過每年一次的體檢，不系安全帶，或者不涂防曬霜，因為他們錯誤地認為自己不太可能生病、出事故或得皮膚癌。由此可知，下文提到的不去體檢，不系安全帶以及不涂防曬霜就是樂觀偏見導致的決策失誤以及帶來的一系列后果，故E選項“它還會導致錯誤的決策，有時會導致災難性的結(jié)果”符合上下文語境，故選E。
【38題詳解】
根據(jù)后文If we expect gd things t happen, we are mre likely t be happy. This ptimism can act as a self-fulfilling prphecy.可知如果我們期待好事發(fā)生，我們就更有可能快樂。這種樂觀可以作為一種自我實現(xiàn)的預言。由此可知，上文已經(jīng)從樂觀偏見帶來的弊端轉(zhuǎn)到好處，那么本句則是具體解釋了樂觀偏見帶來的好處。故F選項“這種樂觀主義通過創(chuàng)造一種對未來的期待來增強幸福感”符合上下文語境，故選F。
【39題詳解】
根據(jù)后文After all, if we didn’t believe that we culd achieve success, why wuld we even bther trying?可知畢竟，如果我們不相信我們能成功，我們?yōu)槭裁催€要去嘗試呢？由此可知，首先要有一個樂觀的心態(tài)，認為自己能夠成功，才有信心去嘗試。本段是在說明樂觀會激勵人們追求目標。故A選項“樂觀也會激勵我們追求目標”符合上下文語境，故選A。
第三部分：書面表達(共兩節(jié)，32分)
第一節(jié)(共4小題;第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分)
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求回答問題。
Digital Inclusin fr Older Adults
As a researcher in the behavir f lder adults, I regularly hear cmplaints frm them like, “I’m just nt part f this wrld anymre. In certain parts f sciety, I just can’t jin… Sme things just are nt pssible if yu are nt in the flw f the Internet.” r “We feel like we’re standing utside a building that we have n access t.”
Tday, mastering digital technlgy has becme a key cmpnent f what it means t fully participate in sciety. But ne area in particular threatens t prevent sme lder adults frm making cnnectins: the digital divide.
As a recent study shws, ne-third f adults aged 65 and lder say they’ve never used the Internet, and half dn’t have Internet access at hme. Of thse wh d use the Internet, nearly half say they need smene else’s help t set up r use a new digital device.
In cntrast t cncerns abut technlgy use increasing islatin(孤立；隔離) amng yunger ppulatins, the cmmunicatin and cnnectin pssible nline can be especially valuable fr lder adults wh are hmebund, live far away frm family, r have lst the lved nes. Older adults can use nline tls t cnnect with friends and family via messaging platfrms, vide chat, and scial media even if they can n lnger physically visit them. And they can engage with the utside wrld thrugh news, blgs, streaming platfrms, and email, even if they are n lnger able t mve abut as easily as they nce culd.
Fr lder adults in particular, the risks assciated with scial islatin are prfund. Lneliness amng lder adults has been assciated with depressin, functinal decline, and death. Technlgy can serve as an imprtant tl t help reduce these risks, but nly if we prvide lder adults with the skills they need, t make inclusin in the digital wrld accessible t them.
The imprtance f digital inclusin is nt ging t disappear with the generatinal changes f the cming decades. Technlgy is cntinuusly develping, and with each new digital innvatin cme challenges fr even yunger adults t adapt.
40. What prevents sme lder adults frm cnnecting with sciety?
41. What d the statistics in Paragraph 3 indicate?
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
●Enabling lder adults t access the digital wrld can help them recver frm depressin and functinal decline.
43. Please briefly present yur pinin n digital inclusin. (abut 40 wrds)
【答案】40. The digital divide.
41. The prblem f the digital divide amng lder adults is serius/ cmmn.
42. ●Enabling lder adults t access the digital wrld can help them recver frm depressin and functinal decline.
Accrding t the passage, enabling lder adults t access the digital wrld can help reduce the risks f depressin and functinal decline rather than recver frm them.
43. 略
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。今天，掌握數(shù)字技術已經(jīng)成為全面參與社會的重要組成部分。但有一個領域尤其有可能阻止一些老年人建立聯(lián)系：數(shù)字鴻溝。老年人中的數(shù)字鴻溝問題非常嚴重，作者認為我們需要用數(shù)字融入來幫助老年人使用數(shù)字技術融入社會，降低抑郁癥和功能衰退的風險。
【40題詳解】
考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段第二句“But ne area in particular threatens t prevent sme lder adults frm making cnnectins: the digital divide.”（但有一個領域尤其有可能阻止一些老年人建立聯(lián)系：數(shù)字鴻溝。）可知，數(shù)字鴻溝阻止了一些老年人和社會建立聯(lián)系。故答案為The digital divide.。
【41題詳解】
考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段“As a recent study shws, ne-third f adults aged 65 and lder say they’ve never used the Internet, and half dn’t have Internet access at hme. Of thse wh d use the Internet, nearly half say they need smene else’s help t set up r use a new digital device.”（最近的一項研究顯示，65歲及以上的成年人中，有三分之一的人說他們從未使用過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，有一半的人在家里無法上網(wǎng)。在使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的人中，近一半的人說他們需要別人的幫助來安裝或使用新的數(shù)字設備。）可知，第三段的數(shù)據(jù)表明在老人之中上網(wǎng)有困難的比例非常大，這就說明老人之中的數(shù)字鴻溝問題非常嚴重或普遍。故答案為The prblem f the digital divide amng lder adults is serius/cmmn.。
【42題詳解】
考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒第二段第二句和第三句“Lneliness amng lder adults has been assciated with depressin, functinal decline, and death. Technlgy can serve as an imprtant tl t help reduce these risks, but nly if we prvide lder adults with the skills they need, t make inclusin in the digital wrld accessible t them.”（老年人中的孤獨與抑郁、功能衰退和死亡有關。技術可以作為幫助降低這些風險的重要工具，但前提是我們向老年人提供他們所需的技能，讓他們能夠進入數(shù)字世界。）可知，讓老年人接觸數(shù)字世界有助于減少抑郁癥和功能衰退的風險，而不是從中恢復。所以“recver frm”錯誤，應在此處畫下劃線。故答案為Accrding t the passage, enabling lder adults t access the digital wrld can help reduce the risks f depressin and functinal decline rather than recver frm them.。
【43題詳解】
考查開放性回答。回答問題時，需要簡要表述考生對數(shù)字融入的觀點，注意答案字數(shù)應控制在40個單詞左右。
第二節(jié)(20分)
44. 假設你是紅星中學高三(1)班班長李華。你班即將在12月3日國際殘疾人日(Internatinal Day f Persns with Disabilities)開展關愛殘疾人活動。請你給交換生Jim寫一封電子郵件邀請他參加，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 活動目的及安排；
2. 邀請參加。
注意：1. 詞數(shù)100左右；
2. 開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim
I am Li Hua, the mnitr f Class 1, Senir 3 f Hngxing High Schl. I am writing t invite yu t participate in ur upcming event n Internatinal Day f Persns with Disabilities.
Our class is rganizing this event t raise awareness abut the challenges faced by persns with disabilities and t shw ur supprt and care fr them. The event will take place n December 3, 2023, starting at 9:00 a.m. and lasting until 5:00 p.m. We will begin with a shrt intrductin t the histry and purpse f the Internatinal Day f Persns with Disabilities.
We believe that yur participatin wuld be beneficial t ur event.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導語】本篇書面表達屬于應用文。假設你是紅星中學高三(1)班班長李華。你班即將在12月3日國際殘疾人日(Internatinal Day f Persns with Disabilities)開展關愛殘疾人活動。請你給交換生Jim寫一封電子郵件邀請他參加。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
參加：participate in→take part in
活動：event→activity
提高：raise→prmte
目的：purpse→aim
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復合句
原句：The event will take place n December 3, 2023, starting at 9:00 a.m. and lasting until 5:00 p.m.
拓展句：The event will take place n December 3, 2023, which starts at 9:00 a.m. and lasts until 5:00 p.m.
【點睛】[高分句型1] Our class is rganizing this event t raise awareness abut the challenges faced by persns with disabilities and t shw ur supprt and care fr them. (運用了不定式t raise作目的狀語以及過去分詞faced作后置定語)
[高分句型2] We believe that yur participatin wuld be beneficial t ur event. (運用了鏈接代詞that引導的賓語從句)

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