精準(zhǔn)練01 新高考卷
1.（2024年新高考I卷）Nt all great writers are great spellers. If yu want t be published, it's vital t submit a perfect, prfessinally presented manuscript (原稿). ____36____ N editr is likely t tlerate a writer wh des nt take the truble t spell wrds crrectly.
I keep tw reference bks clse-by n my desk: dictinary and thesaurus (同義詞詞典). I dn't trust my laptp's spellchecker. ____37____ Of curse, these days there are plenty f nline dictinaries and thesauruses, but I'm ld-fashined enugh t prefer a hard cver and pages I can leaf thrugh with my fingers. I use the Cncise Oxfrd Dictinary and the Cllins Thesaurus.
____38____ It shuld give yu a precise definitin f each wrd, thus differentiating it frm ther wrds whse meanings are similar, but nt identical. It will als usually shw hw the wrd is prnunced.
In additin, I have an ld tw-vlume cpy f the Shrter Oxfrd Dictinary, picked up a few years ag in a bkshp sale fr just 99 pence. Of curse, with its 2,672 pages, it's nt exactly shrt. It cntains arund 163,000 wrds, plus wrd cmbinatins and idimatic phrases. ____39____ Hwever, if I need t check the rigin f a wrd r t lk up examples f its usage, there's nthing better.
Fr well ver a hundred years the mst influential English dictinary was Samuel Jhnsn's Dictinary f the English Language published in 1755. "T make dictinaries is dull (乏味) wrk," wrte Jhnsn, illustrating ne definitin f "dull". ____40____ A few minutes spent casting yur eye ver a page r tw can be a rewarding experience.
A. I dn't ften use this dictinary.
B. It takes n accunt f the cntext.
C. But I still dn't want t replace them.
D. But a dictinary can be a pleasure t read.
E. Of curse, a dictinary is nt nly fr spelling.
F. That means gd grammar and n spelling mistakes.
G. Dictinaries dn't always give yu enugh infrmatin.
【答案】36. F 37. B 38. E 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了作者使用英語詞典的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和心得以及從中獲得的樂趣。
【36題詳解】
上文“If yu want t be published, it’s vital t submit a perfect, prfessinally presented manuscript(如果你想發(fā)表，提交一份完美的、專業(yè)的手稿是至關(guān)重要的)”提到了完美的、專業(yè)的手稿的重要性，手稿中不能有語法和拼寫錯誤是專業(yè)的手稿的要求之一。F選項(xiàng)“That means gd grammar and n spelling mistakes.(這意味著語法正確，沒有拼寫錯誤。)”是對手稿要求的進(jìn)一步解釋說明，符合題意。故選F項(xiàng)。
【37題詳解】
上文“I dn’t trust my laptp’s spellchecker.(我不相信我筆記本電腦的拼寫檢查器。)”提到了作者不相信電腦的拼寫檢查器;下文“Of curse, these days there are plenty f nline dictinaries and thesauruses, but I’m ld-fashined enugh t prefer a hard cver and pages I can leaf thrugh with my fingers.(當(dāng)然，現(xiàn)在有很多在線詞典和同義詞庫，但我是一個守舊的人，更喜歡精裝的書和能用手指翻閱的書頁。)”提到了作者更喜歡實(shí)體書和能用手指翻閱的書頁，說明電子設(shè)備可能不會考慮上下文，所以B選項(xiàng)“It takes n accunt f the cntext.(它不考慮上下文。)”解釋了上文的原因，具有承上啟下的作用。故選B項(xiàng)。
【38題詳解】
下文“It shuld give yu a precise definitin f each wrd, thus differentiating it frm ther wrds whse meanings are similar, but nt identical. It will als usually shw hw the wrd is prnunced.(它應(yīng)該給出每個單詞的精確定義，從而將其與其他含義相似但不相同的單詞區(qū)分開來。它通常還會顯示單詞的發(fā)音。)”提到了字典的功能，E選項(xiàng)“Of curse, a dictinary is nt nly fr spelling.(當(dāng)然，字典不僅僅是用來拼寫的。)”提到了字典的部分功能，能引起下文內(nèi)容。故選E項(xiàng)。
【39題詳解】
下文“Hwever, if I need t check the rigin f a wrd r t lk up examples f its usage, there’s nthing better.(然而，如果我需要檢查一個單詞的來源或查找其用法的例子，沒有什么比這更好的了。)”提到了字典的使用情況，A選項(xiàng)“I dn’t ften use this dictinary.(我不經(jīng)常用這本字典。)”是對字典使用頻率的說明，與下文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選A項(xiàng)。
【40題詳解】
上文“ “T make dictinaries is dull (乏味) wrk, ” wrte Jhnsn, illustrating ne definitin f ”dull".(約翰遜在解釋“dull”的一個定義時寫道：“編字典是件無聊的工作(乏味)?！?”提到了編寫字典是件乏味的工作，下文“A few minutes spent casting yur eye ver a page r tw can be a rewarding experience.(花幾分鐘的時間瀏覽一兩頁是一種有益的體驗(yàn)。)”提到瀏覽字典也是一種閱讀的樂趣，D選項(xiàng)“But a dictinary can be a pleasure t read.(但是一本字典讀起來是一種樂趣。)”是作者對字典的評價，與上文的“乏味”形成對比，與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選D項(xiàng)。
2.（2024年新高考II卷）Overturism Is Fr Real: Hw Can Yu Help?
Travel prmtes understanding, expands ur minds, makes us better peple, and bsts lcal ecnmies and cmmunities, but the rapid grwth f travel has led t verturism in certain regins and destinatins. ___16___ Certainly nt. The lss f what travel ffers wuld be unacceptable in tday’s wrld. Here are sme tips n making wise decisins t minimize pressure n the places we visit and imprve ur experience.
●Chse mindfully. Overvisited destinatins are that way fr a reasn: they’re special. With s many nline psts featuring the same places, it’s easy t feel like yu’re missing ut. G smewhere nly when the landscape, culture r fd deeply draws yu. ___17___
●Get creative. The best way t ease pressure n ver-turisted destinatins is t g smewhere else. Thugh verturism is described as a prblem affecting the entire wrld, it’s actually cncentrated t a small number f extremely ppular spts. That means yu have tns f less-visited ptins t chse frm. ___18___ Why nt try a reginal alternative r check ut a ppular destinatin’s lesser-knwn sights?
● ___19___ Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping majr hlidays r rush hur. Yu’ll cmpete with fewer turists, save mney, experience a different side f a ppular place, and bst the ecnmy when turism is traditinally slwer.
Visiting a place that thers call hme is a privilege(榮幸). D yur part t preserve what makes a destinatin special in the first place. ___20___ Yu may be amazed hw much clser yu’ll feel t the peple there.
A. Visit during ff-peak times.
B. S, shuld we stp traveling?
C. Travel fr yu and n ne else.
D. Can verturism be avided then?
E. Yu can still find relatively undiscvered places.
F. Yu’ll find yurself virtually alne, r clse t it.
G. Cnsider giving back t the cmmunities yu’re visiting.
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. E 19. A 20. G
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了如何避免“過度旅游”的現(xiàn)象。
【16題詳解】
前文“Travel prmtes understanding, expands ur minds, makes us better peple, and bsts lcal ecnmies and cmmunities, but the rapid grwth f travel has led t verturism in certain regins and destinatins.(旅游促進(jìn)理解，擴(kuò)展我們的思想，使我們成為更好的人，促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)和社區(qū)，但旅游業(yè)的快速發(fā)展導(dǎo)致了某些地區(qū)和目的地的過度旅游)”表明旅游帶來了一些問題，后文“The lss f what travel ffers wuld be unacceptable in tday’s wrld.(在當(dāng)今世界，失去旅行所能提供的東西將是不可接受的)”表示不能失去旅行，結(jié)合后文“Certainly nt.(當(dāng)然不)”可知，空處提問能否停止旅行，D選項(xiàng)“那么，我們應(yīng)該停止旅行嗎？”符合語境。故選B。
【17題詳解】
前文“Overvisited destinatins are that way fr a reasn: they’re special. With s many nline psts featuring the same places, it’s easy t feel like yu’re missing ut. G smewhere nly when the landscape, culture r fd deeply draws yu.(游客過多的目的地是有原因的：它們很特別。網(wǎng)上有這么多關(guān)于同一個地方的帖子，很容易讓你覺得你錯過了。只有當(dāng)風(fēng)景、文化或食物深深吸引你時，才去某個地方)”表明不要跟風(fēng)旅游，C選項(xiàng)“為你而不是其他人旅行”表明要關(guān)注自己在旅行時的感受，忠實(shí)自己的感受，不用管其余的建議，符合語境。故選C。
18題詳解】
前文“That means yu have tns f less-visited ptins t chse frm.(這意味著你有很多不太受歡迎的選擇)及后文“Why nt try a reginal alternative r check ut a ppular destinatin’s lesser-knwn sights?( 為什么不嘗試一個地區(qū)性的選擇，或者看看一個熱門目的地不太為人所知的景點(diǎn)呢)”提出建議，可以選擇一些冷門的景點(diǎn)，E選項(xiàng)“你仍然可以找到相對未被發(fā)現(xiàn)的地方”語境一致。故選E。
【19題詳解】
空處為小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)后文“Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping majr hlidays r rush hur.(通過跳過重大節(jié)假日或高峰時間來最小化影響并最大化體驗(yàn))”表示旅游時要注意避開高峰期，選擇合適的時間，A選項(xiàng)“在非高峰時間參觀”概括本段內(nèi)容。故選A。
【20題詳解】
前文“D yur part t preserve what makes a destinatin special in the first place.(盡你的一份力，從一開始就保護(hù)一個目的地的特別之處)”表明旅游時應(yīng)保護(hù)旅游景點(diǎn)，后文“Yu may be amazed hw much clser yu’ll feel t the peple there.(你可能會驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)你和那里的人感覺如此親近)”表示這樣做的感受，G選項(xiàng)“考慮回饋你所訪問的社區(qū)”承上啟下，符合語境。故選G。
3.（2024年浙江卷1月）In the past few years, nline learning has becme a significant part f the university and cllege experience. ___16___ But are all nline curses created equal? Hw can yu be sure that digital learning is right fr yu? ___17___
We interviewed students and prfessrs t get their advice abut nline curses, The mst bvius advantage f nline learning is that yu can study anywhere and anytime. ___18___ “I think a pint that many peple lse sight f is hw easy it can be t fall behind schedule,” says graduate student Amanda Bindman. Befre chsing t study nline, cnsider whether yu’re a self-mtivated learner and if the material seems interesting enugh t keep yu ging.
The tip that cmes up mst ften is simple: build nline curses int yur weekly schedule, just like what yu wuld d with in persn curses. ___19___ He nted that his nline students usually end up with lwer grades. It is s easy t let an nline curse slide, but yur grades will suffer as a result. Be sure t schedule set times t watch yur lectures, read materials and cntribute t nline discussin bards.
___20___ A scial cnnectin is ften a big part f learning. There are things yu can d t ease this prblem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking nline curses with a friend, s yu can mtivate each ther t stay n track. Yu can als find students n the class discussin bard t rganize a study grup, r schedule in-persn meeting s with yur prfessr t discuss curse cncepts.
A. But that desn’t mean there aren’t deadlines.
B. Yur mtivatin shuld be yur main cncern.
C. D yu knw that nline curses are als part f yur educatin?
D. Prfessr Alex Davidsn teaches the same curse in persn and nline.
E. The chief cmplain t abut nline curses is that they lack human interactin.
F. If yu take an nline curse, what can yu d t ensure the best pssible grade?
G. A survey fund that 29 percent f cllege students registered fr nline curses.
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. A 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了在線學(xué)習(xí)的注意事項(xiàng)。
【16題詳解】
由上文“In the past few years, nline learning has becme a significant part f the university and cllege experience. (在過去的幾年里，在線學(xué)習(xí)已經(jīng)成為大學(xué)生活的重要組成部分)”可知，在線學(xué)習(xí)對大學(xué)生活很重要，本空要說跟“這種現(xiàn)象的具體表現(xiàn)”有關(guān)的話題，故G選項(xiàng)“A survey fund that 29 percent f cllege students registered fr nline curses. (一項(xiàng)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，29%的大學(xué)生注冊了在線課程。)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選G。
【17題詳解】
由上文“If yu take an nline curse, what can yu d t ensure the best pssible grade? (但是所有的在線課程都是平等的嗎？你如何確定數(shù)字化學(xué)習(xí)適合你？)”可知，上文對在線課程提出疑問，本空可以繼續(xù)提出疑問，故F選項(xiàng)“If yu take an nline curse, what can yu d t ensure the best pssible grade? (如果你參加了在線課程，你能做些什么來確保盡可能好的成績？)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選F。
【18題詳解】
由上文“The mst bvius advantage f nline learning is that yu can study anywhere and anytime. (在線學(xué)習(xí)最明顯的優(yōu)勢是你可以隨時隨地學(xué)習(xí))”可知，在線學(xué)習(xí)具備的優(yōu)勢是可以讓你隨時隨地學(xué)習(xí)，本空要說跟“學(xué)習(xí)時間”有關(guān)的話題，故A選項(xiàng)“But that desn’t mean there aren’t deadlines. (但這并不意味著沒有最后期限。)”與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，that指代上一句話，符合題意。故選A。
【19題詳解】
由下文“He nted that his nline students usually end up with lwer grades. (他指出，他的在線學(xué)生最終的成績通常較低)”可知，本空要說跟“在線老師”有關(guān)的話題，故D選項(xiàng)“Prfessr Alex Davidsn teaches the same curse in persn and nline. (Alex Davidsn教授親自授課和在線授課)”能引起下文，下文中的He指代D項(xiàng)中的“Alex Davidsn教授”，符合題意。故選D。
【20題詳解】
由下文“A scial cnnectin is ften a big part f learning. There are things yu can d t ease this prblem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking nline curses with a friend, s yu can mtivate each ther t stay n track. Yu can als find students n the class discussin bard t rganize a study grup, r schedule in-persn meeting s with yur prfessr t discuss curse cncepts. (社會關(guān)系通常是學(xué)習(xí)的重要組成部分。你可以做一些事情來緩解這個問題。本科生杰西卡·平克建議和朋友一起參加在線課程，這樣你們就可以互相激勵，堅(jiān)持下去。你也可以在課堂討論板上找到學(xué)生，組織一個學(xué)習(xí)小組，或者安排與教授面對面的會議，討論課程概念)”可知，本空要說跟“人們之間的互動”有關(guān)的話題，故E選項(xiàng)“The chief cmplain t abut nline curses is that they lack human interactin. (對在線課程的主要抱怨是它們?nèi)狈θ伺c人之間的互動。)”能引起下文，符合題意。故選E。
4.（2023年新高考I卷）Persnal Frgiveness
Taking respnsibility fr mistakes is a psitive step, but dn’t beat yurself up abut them. T err (犯錯) is human. ____16____ Yu can use the fllwing writing exercise t help yu d this.
In a jurnal r n a piece f paper, put the heading “Persnal strengths.” ____17____ Are yu caring? Creative? Generus? A gd listener? Fun t be arund? They dn’t have t be wrld-changing, just aspects f yur persnality that yu’re prud f.
At the tp f a secnd page, put the heading “Acts f kindness.” On this ne, list all the psitive things yu’ve dne fr thers. It might be the time when yu helped a friend with their hmewrk, when yu did the irning withut being asked, r when yu baked ckies after the family had had a tiring day. ____18____
Yu culd ask a friend r family member t help add t yur list. ____19____ That way, yu culd exchange thughts n what makes each f yu special and the aspects f yur persnality that shine thrugh. In fact, dn’t wait until yu’ve made a mistake t try this—it’s a great way t bst self-cnfidence at any time.
It’s smething f a cliché (陳詞濫調(diào)) that mst peple learn nt frm their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. ____20____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a psitive way t develp and grw.
A. A little self-frgiveness als ges a lng way.
B. Nw list all the characteristics yu like abut yurself.
C. They might even like t have a g at ding the exercise.
D. It’s just as imprtant t shw yurself sme frgiveness.
E. It desn’t mean yu have t ignre what’s happened r frget it.
F. Whatever it is, n matter hw small it might seem, write it dwn.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect f yur persnality.
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. F 19. C 20. G
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章鼓勵人們練習(xí)自我寬恕，并提供了一個簡單的寫作練習(xí)來增強(qiáng)自信。通過列出個人的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和善良的行為，人們可以學(xué)會原諒自己的錯誤，并從中成長。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Taking respnsibility fr mistakes is a psitive step, but dn’t beat yurself up abut them. T err (犯錯) is human.(為錯誤承擔(dān)責(zé)任是積極的一步，但不要因此而自責(zé)。人孰能無過。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為人都會犯錯，勇于承擔(dān)責(zé)任固然重要，但是也不要因此而過于自責(zé)。結(jié)合空后“Yu can use the fllwing writing exercise t help yu d this.(你可以使用下面的寫作練習(xí)來幫助你做到這一點(diǎn)。)”中的“d this”以及下文內(nèi)容可推斷，空處應(yīng)該內(nèi)容和“不要太自責(zé)”相似。選項(xiàng)D“It’s just as imprtant t shw yurself sme frgiveness.(寬恕自己也同樣重要。)”與“不要太自責(zé)”語意相近，起承上啟下的作用。故選D。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“In a jurnal r n a piece f paper, put the heading “Persnal strengths. ”(在日記或紙上寫上“個人優(yōu)點(diǎn)”。)”以及空后內(nèi)容“Are yu caring? Creative? Generus? A gd listener? Fun t be arund? They dn’t have t be wrld-changing, just aspects f yur persnality that yu’re prud f.(你有愛心嗎？有創(chuàng)造力嗎？你慷慨嗎？是一個好的傾聽者？與人相處很有趣嗎？它們不一定要改變世界，只要你個性中讓你感到自豪的方面就行。)”可知，空處指的是列出一些你個性中的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)B“Nw list all the characteristics yu like abut yurself.(現(xiàn)在列出所有你喜歡的自己身上的特點(diǎn)。)”符合上下文內(nèi)容，下文內(nèi)容具體解釋那些是優(yōu)點(diǎn)。故選B。
【18題詳解】
根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容“At the tp f a secnd page, put the heading “Acts f kindness.” On this ne, list all the psitive things yu’ve dne fr thers. It might be the time when yu helped a friend with their hmewrk, when yu did the irning withut being asked, r when yu baked ckies after the family had had a tiring day.(在第二頁的頂部，寫上“善舉”的標(biāo)題。在這張單子上，列出你為別人做過的所有積極的事情。它可能是當(dāng)你幫助朋友做作業(yè)的時候，當(dāng)你沒有被要求卻主動熨衣服的時候，或者當(dāng)你在家人累了一天之后烤餅干的時候。)”可知，本段主要講述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。選項(xiàng)F“Whatever it is, n matter hw small it might seem, write it dwn.(不管是什么，不管它看起來有多小，都要把它寫下來。)”與上文內(nèi)容一致，講述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都記下來。故選F。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容“That way, yu culd exchange thughts n what makes each f yu special and the aspects f yur persnality that shine thrugh.(這樣，你們就可以交換意見，談?wù)勈鞘裁醋屇銈兠總€人都與眾不同，以及你們個性中閃光的方面。)”可知，空處提到了某種方式，這種方式會使得你和朋友們一起交換意見等。選項(xiàng)C“They might even like t have a g at ding the exercise.(他們甚至可能想試一試做練習(xí)。)”符合語境，C項(xiàng)中的“they”與空前的“Yu culd ask a friend r family member t help add t yur list.(你可以讓朋友或家人幫你增加你的列表內(nèi)容。)”中的“a friend r family member”保持一致，同時選項(xiàng)C和下文“In fact, dn’t wait until yu’ve made a mistake t try this—it’s a great way t bst self-cnfidence at any time.(事實(shí)上，不要等到你犯了錯誤才去嘗試這個——這是一個在任何時候都能增強(qiáng)自信的好方法。)”中的“this”一致。故選C。
【20題詳解】
根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“It’s smething f a cliché (陳詞濫調(diào)) that mst peple learn nt frm their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true.(大多數(shù)人不是從他們的成功中學(xué)習(xí)，而是從他們的錯誤中學(xué)習(xí)，這是陳詞濫調(diào)。但事實(shí)是，這是真的。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為人是從錯誤中學(xué)習(xí)。選項(xiàng)G“Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect f yur persnality.(不管你犯了什么錯誤，記住這不是你性格中固定的一面。)”符合語境，G項(xiàng)中的“isn’t a fixed aspect f yur persnality”和空后內(nèi)容“We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a psitive way t develp and grw.(我們一直在改變和學(xué)習(xí)，錯誤是一種積極的發(fā)展和成長的方式。)”保持一致，指的都是犯錯并不是性格中固有的一面，我們是通過錯誤來成長。故選G。
5.（2023年新高考II卷）As an artist wh shares her jurney n scial media, I’m ften asked by curius fllwers hw t begin an art jurney. Unfrtunately, there is n magic list I can ffer. I d remember, thugh, what it was like t be a cmplete beginner. S I’ve put tgether sme gd tips fr starting an art jurney.
·Start small. I suggest using a sketchbk (素描本) fr small studies. These small studies prvide inspiratin and may be a springbard fr mre cmplex wrks in the future. ___16___ Yu’ll want t lk back n yur jurney t see hw far yu’ve cme.
·Paint ften and paint frm life. There’s n better way t imprve than t put in thse brush miles. Whether yu paint still lifes, prtraits, r landscapes, paint frm life as much as pssible. ___17___
·Cntinually challenge yurself t try smething new. ___18___ Artistic grwth can be a bit painful. Welcme t the club；we’ve all been there. I lve taking n challenges. I nce tk up a challenge t create a painting every day fr a mnth and pst the wrks nline.
·___19___ Seeking and accepting cnstructive feedback (反饋) is crucial t grwth. I pst my wrk n scial media and, in turn, have met sme f the kindest peple. They make me feel valued and respected, n matter my level f artistic ability.
The jurney yu’re n wn’t fllw a straight path. ___20___ Push thrugh, give it time and put in the effrt. Yu will harvest the rewards f an artistic life.
A Get ut f yur cmfrt zne.
B. Make career plans and set gals.
C. Dn’t thrw away yur beginner art.
D. Share yur wrk if yu feel cmfrtable ding s.
E. Yu’ll hit radblcks, and yu’ll feel discuraged at times.
F. Evaluate yur perfrmance and, if needed, redefine yur rle.
G. Yu’ll develp that painting muscle memry that nly cmes with repetitin.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. A 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章介紹了了一些開始藝術(shù)之旅的好建議。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)前文“Start small. I suggest using a sketchbk (素描本) fr small studies. These small studies prvide inspiratin and may be a springbard fr mre cmplex wrks in the future. (從小開始。我建議使用一個素描本進(jìn)行小規(guī)模的學(xué)習(xí)和實(shí)踐。這些小的學(xué)習(xí)和實(shí)踐可以提供靈感，并成為未來更復(fù)雜的作品的跳板)”以及后文“Yu’ll want t lk back n yur jurney t see hw far yu’ve cme. (你會想要回顧一下自己的藝術(shù)之旅，看看自己已經(jīng)取得多少進(jìn)步)”可知，空處應(yīng)是一個過渡句，從給出建議使用一個素描本進(jìn)行小規(guī)模的學(xué)習(xí)和實(shí)踐，到回顧自己的藝術(shù)之旅，所以C項(xiàng)“Dn’t thrw away yur beginner art. (不要扔掉你的初學(xué)時的藝術(shù)作品)”符合文意，和后文形成順承關(guān)系。故選C項(xiàng)。
【17題詳解】
分析設(shè)空處，位于段尾，是對本段總結(jié)，根據(jù)前文“Paint ften and paint frm life. There’s n better way t imprve than t put in thse brush miles. Whether yu paint still lifes, prtraits, r landscapes, paint frm life as much as pssible. (經(jīng)常作畫，且從生活中作畫。沒有什么比不斷練習(xí)更能提高你的藝術(shù)水平了。無論你是繪制靜物、肖像還是風(fēng)景，都要盡可能地從真實(shí)生活中去觀察和繪制)”可知，本段主要講述不斷練習(xí)繪畫，所以G項(xiàng)“Yu’ll develp that painting muscle memry that nly cmes with repetitin. (你會逐漸形成只有通過反復(fù)練習(xí)才能獲得的繪畫肌肉記憶)”是對前文的總結(jié)。故選G項(xiàng)。
【18題詳解】
分析設(shè)空處，空處位于第二句，此處應(yīng)是對前一句的進(jìn)一步解釋，并同時引出后文，根據(jù)前文“Cntinually challenge yurself t try smething new. (不斷挑戰(zhàn)自己，嘗試新事物)”以及后文“Artistic grwth can be a bit painful. (藝術(shù)的成長可能會有點(diǎn)痛苦)”可知，A項(xiàng)“Get ut f yur cmfrt zne. (走出你的舒適區(qū))”是對前句的進(jìn)一步說明，和后文構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系。故選A項(xiàng)。
【19題詳解】
分析設(shè)空處，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根據(jù)后文“Seeking and accepting cnstructive feedback (反饋) is crucial t grwth. I pst my wrk n scial media and, in turn, have met sme f the kindest peple. They make me feel valued and respected, n matter my level f artistic ability. (尋求并接受有建設(shè)性的反饋對于你的成長非常重要。我在社交媒體上發(fā)布我的作品，并因此結(jié)識了一些最友好的人。無論我的藝術(shù)水平如何，他們都讓我感到受到了重視和尊重)”可知，本段主要講述了是分享自己的作品，所以D項(xiàng)“Share yur wrk if yu feel cmfrtable ding s. (如果你感覺舒適的話，分享你的作品)”符合文意，是本段的中心句。故選D項(xiàng)。
【20題詳解】
分析設(shè)空處，空處位于第二句，此處應(yīng)是對前一句的進(jìn)一步解釋，并同時引出后文，根據(jù)前文“The jurney yu’re n wn’t fllw a straight path. (你的旅程不會是一條筆直的道路)”以及后文“Push thrugh, give it time and put in the effrt. Yu will harvest the rewards f an artistic life. (堅(jiān)持下去，給它時間，付出努力。你將收獲藝術(shù)生活的回報)”可知，E項(xiàng)“Yu’ll hit radblcks, and yu’ll feel discuraged at times. (你會遇到障礙，有時你會感到氣餒)”是對前句的進(jìn)一步說明，和后文構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系。故選E項(xiàng).
6.（2023年浙江卷1月）With gas prices rising and airprt security lines snaking lnger than ever, why nt bk yur next dmestic vacatin n a train? Cmpared t ther alternatives, it’s cmfrtable and relaxing. Here is sme advice n hw t make a trip by rail as pleasant as pssible.
Plan ahead. Mst lng-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accmmdatins, sell ut very quickly. 36 But n matter when yu travel, it’s a gd idea t make yur reservatins at least 90 days in advance.
Use a travel agent. Cnsider turning yur travel plan ver t a travel agent and letting him duble-check all the details, make suggestins, and then handle the actual reservatins. A gd ne can smetimes find yu discunted tickets. 37 Then yu wn’t have t walk thrugh several cars n a mving train three times a day fr yur meals.
Bring a blanket. When yu’re riding n trains, yu wn’t be prvided with a blanket fr free, even if yur trip is an vernight ne. 38 In the summer in particular, the air cnditining can make them quite cld.
Arrive early. Mst trains perate just nce a day and sme run nly three times a week, s missing yurs can be a disaster. 39 Nte: The times listed n the schedules are departure times, nt arrival times.
Have fun. 40 Read a bk, knit, d a crsswrd puzzle, r simply watch the wrld unfld utside the windw. T calculate yur speed as yu d, divide 3,600(the number f secnds in an hur)by the number f secnds it takes yu t travel ne mile(the distance between tw milepsts). If it takes the train 53 secnds t travel ne mile, yu’re ging 67.92 mph.
A．Train trips aren’t fr impatient types.
B．Yu’ll have views frm bth sides f the train.
C．The temperature n rail cars is ften hard t cntrl.
D．That’s particularly true during busy summer mnths.
E．Yu might have t wait lnger than 24 hurs t catch the next ne.
F．Chances are the cst will be a lt less than the cst f ne bedrm.
G．He may als bk yu in a sleeping car that’s right next t the diner.
【答案】36．D 37．G 38．C 39．E 40．A
【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章講述一些關(guān)于如何使坐火車旅行盡可能愉快的建議。
36．根據(jù)上文“Plan ahead. Mst lng-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accmmdatins, sell ut very quickly.(提前計(jì)劃。大多數(shù)長途火車，尤其是臥鋪，很快就賣光了。)”以及下文“But n matter when yu travel, it’s a gd idea t make yur reservatins at least 90 days in advance. (但無論你什么時候去旅行，最好至少提前90天預(yù)訂。)”可知，大多數(shù)長途火車的臥鋪很容易被定完，所以要提前安排預(yù)定，D項(xiàng)“在繁忙的夏季尤其如此?！狈险Z境，D項(xiàng)中“busy summer mnths”與前后文呼應(yīng)，說明忙碌的夏季尤其需要提前計(jì)劃。故選D項(xiàng)。
37．根據(jù)上文“A gd ne can smetimes find yu discunted tickets. (一個好的旅行社有時可以幫你找到打折的票。)”以及下文“Then yu wn’t have t walk thrugh several cars n a mving train three times a day fr yur meals. (這樣你就不必為了吃飯而每天三次在行駛的火車上穿過幾節(jié)車廂了。)”可知，好的旅行社幫你預(yù)定，不僅可以找到打折的票，還可以節(jié)省從臥鋪到餐車的距離，G項(xiàng)中“bk yu in a sleeping car that’s right next t the diner”與前后文對應(yīng)，因此推斷G項(xiàng)“他可能還會給你預(yù)訂餐廳旁邊的臥鋪車廂?！狈险Z境。故選G項(xiàng)。
38．根據(jù)上文“When yu’re riding n trains, yu wn’t be prvided with a blanket fr free, even if yur trip is an vernight ne.(當(dāng)你乘坐火車時，你不會免費(fèi)獲得一條毯子，即使你的旅行是過夜的。)”以及下文“In the summer in particular, the air cnditining can make them quite cld. (特別是在夏天，空調(diào)會讓他們很冷。)”可知，這里提到了車廂內(nèi)溫度的問題，提醒乘客最好自備毛毯，C項(xiàng)中“The temperature n rail cars”與前后文對應(yīng)，因此推斷C項(xiàng)“列車上的溫度通常很難控制。”符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)。
39．根據(jù)上文“Mst trains perate just nce a day and sme run nly three times a week, s missing yurs can be a disaster.(大多數(shù)火車每天只開一趟，有些火車一周只開三趟，所以錯過你的火車可能是一場災(zāi)難。)”以及下文“Nte: The times listed n the schedules are departure times, nt arrival times. (注意:時刻表上列出的時間是出發(fā)時間，不是到達(dá)時間。)”可知，本段提醒要提前安排時間，錯過時間是很麻煩的事情，E項(xiàng)中“Yu might have t wait lnger”與前后文對應(yīng)，說明錯過火車導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果，因此推斷E項(xiàng)“你可能要等上超過24小時才能趕上下一班?！狈险Z境。故選E項(xiàng)。
40．根據(jù)上文“Have fun.(玩得開心)”以及下文“T calculate yur speed as yu d, divide 3,600(the number f secnds in an hur)by the number f secnds it takes yu t travel ne mile(the distance between tw milepsts).”(要計(jì)算你的速度，用3600(一小時的秒數(shù))除以你走一英里(兩個里程碑之間的距離)所花費(fèi)的秒數(shù)。)”可知，本段講述如何度過乘車時間，A項(xiàng)中講到火車旅行不適合沒有耐心的人與后文要計(jì)算時間，用不同的方式打發(fā)時間對應(yīng)，符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。
7.（2023年北京卷）It’s a jyful and stressful time f year in the United States fr students and their families as they make decisins abut where t attend cllege. Families ften turn t rankings systems t help make a decisin. 35
When I talk t families as a schlar f higher educatin, they’re ften surprised that teaching excellence is nt cunted in rankings. 36
Emerging research suggests that curses in lwer-ranked universities, n average, scred higher n teaching than curses in higher-ranked universities. 37 The absence f teaching excellence frm the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is ne f the mst imprtant predictrs f a wide range f cllege utcmes.
Rankings, hwever, are nly ne reasn why a lw value is placed n teaching in higher educatin. Administratrs ften dn’t view teaching excellence as a way t increase enrlment (注冊) r funding. 38 Research shws that the mre time instructrs spend n teaching, the lwer their salary. What is the result？ Many instructrs cntinue t teach using traditinal lectures, which lead t lwer success rates.
39 Nevertheless, nt much will change until schls with high-quality teaching are rewarded with mre resurces, higher rankings and increased enrlments. In the lng term, universities, rganisatins that rank schls, and thers shuld wrk t make teaching a valued, cre part f the missin.
What shuld students and their families d? They shuld give strng cnsideratin t universities where high-quality teaching is valued, even thugh the schls may be ranked lwer.
A．Higher educatin has achieved its true ptential.
B．Therefre, it’s nt highly valued in hiring r prmtin.
C．Quality teaching has been an imprtant reputatin-building factr.
D．Hwever, the rankings ignre a critical factr: the quality f teaching.
E．Effrts t imprve teaching at the university level have recently emerged.
F．They’re even mre surprised at hw teaching is undervalued by universities.
G．In fact, universities ften shift emphasis frm teaching t ther ranking factrs.
【答案】35．D 36．F 37．G 38．B 39．C
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要就如何選擇高校提供了一些建議。
35．根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“It’s a jyful and stressful time f year in the United States fr students and their families as they make decisins abut where t attend cllege. Families ften turn t rankings systems t help make a decisin.(對于美國的學(xué)生和他們的家人來說，這是一年中既快樂又緊張的時刻， 因?yàn)樗麄円獩Q定去哪里上大學(xué)。家庭經(jīng)常求助于排名系統(tǒng)來幫助做決定。)”可知，美國的學(xué)生和家人們在決定去哪兒上大學(xué)時，經(jīng)常求助于排名系統(tǒng)。而根據(jù)下文第三段“Emerging research suggests that curses in lwer-ranked universities, n average, scred higher n teaching than curses in higher-ranked universities. (最新的研究表明，排名較低的大學(xué)的課程在教學(xué)方面的平均得分高于排名較高的大學(xué)的課程。)”可推斷出，本文主要講述的是排名方面出現(xiàn)的問題。選項(xiàng)D“Hwever, the rankings ignre a critical factr: the quality f teaching.(然而，排名忽略了一個關(guān)鍵因素：教學(xué)質(zhì)量。)”延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容，指出大學(xué)排名存在的問題；而根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容也可以推斷，排名中存在的問題是教學(xué)質(zhì)量被忽略。故選D。
36．根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“When I talk t families as a schlar f higher educatin, they’re ften surprised that teaching excellence is nt cunted in rankings.(作為一名研究高等教育的學(xué)者，當(dāng)我與一些家庭交談時，他們常常驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，優(yōu)秀的教學(xué)水平并沒有被納入排名。)”可知，大學(xué)排名中優(yōu)秀的教學(xué)水平并沒有被納入排名讓人們覺得很驚訝。選項(xiàng)F“They’re even mre surprised at hw teaching is undervalued by universities.(更讓他們驚訝的是，大學(xué)竟然低估了教學(xué)的價值。)”延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容，指的都是大學(xué)排名忽略教學(xué)質(zhì)量。其中“mre surprised”和上文的“surprised”保持一致。故選F。
37．空前內(nèi)容“Emerging research suggests that curses in lwer-ranked universities, n average, scred higher n teaching than curses in higher-ranked universities.(最新的研究表明，排名較低的大學(xué)的課程在教學(xué)方面的平均得分高于排名較高的大學(xué)的課程。)”以及空后內(nèi)容“The absence f teaching excellence frm the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is ne f the mst imprtant predictrs f a wide range f cllege utcmes.(考慮到高質(zhì)量教學(xué)與學(xué)生成功之間的聯(lián)系，排名中沒有優(yōu)秀教學(xué)令人驚訝。優(yōu)質(zhì)教學(xué)是衡量大學(xué)成績的最重要因素之一。)”講述的都是大學(xué)排名中沒有考慮到教學(xué)。選項(xiàng)G“In fact, universities ften shift emphasis frm teaching t ther ranking factrs.(事實(shí)上，大學(xué)經(jīng)常把重點(diǎn)從教學(xué)轉(zhuǎn)移到其他排名因素上。)”與上下文內(nèi)容相一致，故選G。
38．根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Rankings, hwever, are nly ne reasn why a lw value is placed n teaching in higher educatin. Administratrs ften dn’t view teaching excellence as a way t increase enrlment (注冊) r funding.(然而，排名只是高等教育中對教學(xué)重視程度較低的一個原因。管理者通常不會將卓越的教學(xué)視為增加入學(xué)率或資金的一種方式。)”可知，上文分析了教學(xué)不被納入排名的原因，該空應(yīng)該講其后果。選項(xiàng)B“Therefre, it’s nt highly valued in hiring r prmtin.(因此，它在招聘或晉升中不受重視。)”是上文內(nèi)容的延續(xù)，正因?yàn)楣芾砣藛T通常不把卓越的教學(xué)視為增加入學(xué)率或增加資金的一種方式，所以教學(xué)在招聘和晉升中不受重視。故選B。
39．根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容“Nevertheless, nt much will change until schls with high-quality teaching are rewarded with mre resurces, higher rankings and increased enrlments. In the lng term, universities, rganisatins that rank schls, and thers shuld wrk t make teaching a valued, cre part f the missin.(盡管如此，在擁有高質(zhì)量教學(xué)的學(xué)校獲得更多資源、更高排名和增加入學(xué)人數(shù)之前，不會有太大變化。從長遠(yuǎn)來看，大學(xué)、學(xué)校排名組織和其他機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)該努力使教學(xué)成為使命的一個有價值的核心部分。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為想要強(qiáng)調(diào)教學(xué)質(zhì)量還需要更多努力。根據(jù)“Nevertheless”可知，空處內(nèi)容和下文內(nèi)容存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)C“Quality teaching has been an imprtant reputatin-building factr.(高質(zhì)量的教學(xué)一直是建立聲譽(yù)的重要因素。)”強(qiáng)調(diào)了高質(zhì)量教學(xué)的重要性，而下文則話題一轉(zhuǎn)，指出了高質(zhì)量教學(xué)的難處。故選C。
8.（2022年新高考I卷）Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasns t Thank Yur Wrkut Partner.” One reasn was: “Yu’ll actually shw up if yu knw smene is waiting fr yu at the gym, ” while anther read: “___16___” With a wrkut partner, yu will increase yur training effrt as there is a subtle (微妙) cmpetitin.
S, hw d yu find a wrkut partner?
First f all, decide what yu want frm that persn. ___17___ Or d yu just want t be physically fit, able t mve with strength and flexibility? Think abut the exercises yu wuld like t d with yur wrkut partner.
Yu might think abut psting what yu are lking fr n scial media, but it prbably wn’t result in a useful respnse. ___18___ If yu plan n wrking ut in a gym, that persn must belng t the same gym.
My partner psted her request n the ntice bard f a lcal park. Her ntice included what kind f training she wanted t d, hw many days a week and hw many hurs she wanted t spend n each sessin, and her age. It als listed her favrite sprts and activities, and prvided her phne number. ___19___
Yu and yur partner will prbably have different skills. ___20___ Over time, bth f yu will benefit — yur partner will be able t lift mre weights and yu will becme mre physically fit. The cre (核心) f yur relatinship is that yu will always be there t help each ther.
A. Yur first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A wrkut partner usually needs t live clse by.
C. Yu’ll wrk harder if yu train with smene else.
D. D yu want t be a better athlete in yur favrite sprt?
E. Hw can yu write a gd “seeking training partner” ntice?
F. Just accept yur differences and learn t wrk with each ther.
G. Any ntice fr a training partner shuld include such infrmatin.
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. B 19. G 20. F
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如何找到一個一起鍛煉的伙伴。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)前文“Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasns t Thank Yur Wrkut Partne.” One reasn was: “Yu’ll actually shw up if yu knw smene is waiting fr yu at the gym,”(《健身雜志》最近刊登了一篇題為《感謝健身伙伴的五個理由》的文章。一個理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就會去鍛煉。”)”可知，這里陳述另一個和別人一起鍛煉的理由。所以選擇項(xiàng)C“Yu'll wrk harder if yu train with smene else.(如果你和別人一起訓(xùn)練，你會更努力。)”符合上下文語境。故選C。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)前文“First f all, decide what yu want frm that persn. (首先，決定你想從那個人身上得到什么。)”和后文“Or d yu just want t be physically fit, able t mve with strength and flexibility?(或者你只是想要身體健康，能夠移動的力量和靈活性?)”可知，這里是一個問句，反問自己結(jié)伴鍛煉的目的。所以選擇項(xiàng)D“D yu want t be a better athlete in yur favrite sprt? (你想在你最喜歡的運(yùn)動項(xiàng)目上成為更好的運(yùn)動員嗎?)”符合上下文語境。故選D。
【18題詳解】
根據(jù)前文“Yu might think abut psting what yu are lking fr n scial media, but prbably wn't result in a useful respnse. (你可能會考慮在社交媒體上發(fā)布你想要的東西，但可能不會得到有用的回應(yīng)。)”和后文“If yu plan n wrking ut in a gym, that persn must belng t the same gym.(如果你打算在健身房鍛煉，那個人一定是同一個健身房的。)”可知，尋找的鍛煉伙伴要具有便利性的特點(diǎn)。所以選擇項(xiàng)B“A wrkut partner usually needs t live clse by. (鍛煉伙伴通常需要住在附近。)”符合上下文語境。故選B。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)前文“My partner psted her request n the ntice bard f a lcal park. Her ntice included what kind f training she wanted t d, hw many days a week and hw many hurs she wanted t spend n each sessin, and her age. It als listed her favrite sprts and activities, and prvided her phne number. (我的搭檔把她的要求貼在了當(dāng)?shù)毓珗@的布告欄上。她的注意事項(xiàng)包括她想要做什么樣的鍛煉，每周多少天，每次培訓(xùn)要花多少小時，以及她的年齡。它還列出了她最喜歡的運(yùn)動和活動，并提供了她的電話號碼。)”可知，本段作者以自己的鍛煉伙伴為例，說明尋找鍛煉伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以選擇項(xiàng)G“Any ntice fr a training partner shuld include such infrmatin. (任何鍛煉伙伴的布告都應(yīng)包括這些信息。)”符合上下文語境。故選G。
【20題詳解】
根據(jù)前文“Yu and yur partner will prbably have different skills. (你和你的伴侶可能有不同的技能。)”和后文“Over time, bth f yu will benefit -- yur partner will be able t lift mre weights and yu will becme mre physically fit.(久而久之，你們雙方都會受益——你的伴侶會舉起更多的重量，你也會變得更健康。)”可知，要學(xué)會求同存異，一起合作，共同提高。所以選擇項(xiàng)F“Just accept yur differences and learn t wrk with each ther. (接受你們的不同，學(xué)會彼此合作。)”符合上下文語境。故選F。
9.（2022年新高考II卷）Writing an essay is a difficult prcess fr mst peple. Hwever, the prcess can be made easier if yu learn t practice three simple techniques.
___16___ When yu are first trying t think f ideas fr an essay, put yur pen t yur paper and write nnstp fr ten r fifteen minutes withut letting yur pen leave the paper. Stay lse and free. ___17___ Dn’t wrry abut grammar r spelling. Even thugh this technique wn’t wrk fr everyne, it helps many peple get a gd stre f ideas t draw n.
The next technique is t write yur draft rapidly withut wrrying abut being perfect. ___18___ Yet, by learning t live with imperfectin, yu will save yurself headaches and a wastepaper basket full f crumpled (弄皺) paper. Think f yur first draft as a path cut ut f the jungle—as part f an explratin, nt as a cmplete highway.
The third technique is t try printing ut a triple—spaced (三倍行距) cpy t allw space fr revisin. ___19___ As a result, these writers never get in the habit f crssing ut chunks (大塊) f their draft and writing revisins in the blank space. After yu have revised yur draft until it is t messy t wrk frm anymre, yu can enter yur changes int yur wrd prcessr. ___20___ The resulting blank space invites yu t revise.
A. Make sure yur handwriting is neat.
B. Let yur pen fllw the waves f thught.
C. The secnd draft f the essay shuld be better.
D. First f all, learn the technique f nnstp writing.
E. T many writers try t get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers dn’t leave enugh space t revise.
G. Then yu can print ut a fresh draft, again setting yur text n triple-space.
【答案】16 D 17. B 18. E 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是寫文章的技巧。
【16題詳解】
空格處是本段的主題句，由空后的“When yu are first trying t think f ideas fr an essay, put yur pen t yur paper and write nnstp fr ten r fifteen minutes withut letting yur pen leave the paper. (當(dāng)你第一次想寫一篇文章的時候，把筆放在紙上，不間斷地寫10到15分鐘，不要讓筆離開紙。)”可知，本段主要講的是要學(xué)會不間斷地寫，D選項(xiàng)“First f all, learn the technique f nnstp writing. (首先，學(xué)習(xí)不間斷寫作的技巧。)”概括了本段的主要內(nèi)容，可作為主題句，故選D。
【17題詳解】
空前說“Stay lse and free. (保持寬松和自由。)”，空后說“Dn’t wrry abut grammar r spelling. (不要擔(dān)心語法和拼寫。)”，因此空格處應(yīng)說按心里想的寫，自由發(fā)揮，B選項(xiàng)“Let yur pen fllw the waves f thught. (讓你的筆跟隨思想的波浪。)”說明了按自己的思路和想法來寫，因此承上啟下，符合語境，故選B。
【18題詳解】
空前說“The next technique is t write yur draft rapidly withut wrrying abut being perfect. (下一個技巧是快速寫草稿，不要擔(dān)心是否完美。)”，空后說“Yet, by learning t live with imperfectin, yu will save yurself headaches and a wastepaper basket full f crumpled (弄皺) paper. (然而，通過學(xué)習(xí)與不完美共存，你將避免自己的頭痛和一個裝滿皺巴巴的廢紙簍。)”，E選項(xiàng)“T many writers try t get their drafts right the first time. (太多的作家試圖在第一次就把草稿寫好。)”中的“get their drafts”和上文的“write yur draft”相呼應(yīng)，說明了有很多人想一次就寫好，這是不合理的，要學(xué)會允許不完美的存在，因此E選項(xiàng)承上啟下，符合語境，故選E。
【19題詳解】
空前說“The third technique is t try printing ut a triple—spaced (三倍行距) cpy t allw space fr revisin. (第三種方法是打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空間。)”，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Many beginning writers dn’t leave enugh space t revise. (許多初來乍到的作者沒有留出足夠的修改空間。)”中的“revise”和前面的“revisin”一致，指出了新手作者的常見做法，且其中的“Many beginning writers”和后文的“these writers”相互呼應(yīng)，因此F選項(xiàng)承上啟下，符合語境，故選F。
【20題詳解】
空前說“After yu have revised yur draft until it is t messy t wrk frm anymre, yu can enter yur changes int yur wrd prcessr. (當(dāng)你修改你的草稿，直到它太亂以至于無法繼續(xù)工作，你可以把你的修改輸入到你的文字處理器中。)”，空后說“The resulting blank space invites yu t revise. (由此產(chǎn)生的空白允許您修改。)”，因此空格處應(yīng)說輸入到文字處理器后應(yīng)該做什么，G選項(xiàng)“Then yu can print ut a fresh draft, again setting yur text n triple-space. (然后你可以打印一份新的草稿，同樣將文本設(shè)置為三倍行距。)”說的是輸入到你的文字處理器后的做法，其中的“triple-space”和后文的“The resulting blank space”相呼應(yīng)，因此G選項(xiàng)承上啟下，符合語境，故選G。
10.（2022年浙江卷1月）I have the same 24 hurs in a day as yu d, but 1 have made specific chice that allw me t make the mst f every day and still feel happy and relaxed. 11
Pick the mst imprtant.
12 Fcus n spending time that fr yu is fun and prductive. 1 chse the life f an adviser because I like t wrk with cmpanies, but dn't want the life f a big cmpany CEO. My chices are based n the lifestyle 1 want.
Cmbine yur activities.
Many peple g crazy trying t figure ut hw t spend time with friends, family, wrk, play, etc. 13
Find ways t enjy them in a cmbined manner. Build yur scial life arund peple yur wrk envirnment. Find peple in yur cmpany wh share cmmn interests and develp yur career （職業(yè)）arund the peple and activities yu lve.
14
Yu wuld think learning takes mre time frm yu, but actually there are always new ways f ding things that can save yu time n daily tasks, freeing yu up fr the mst imprtant. Always be lking fr a new way t gain back an hur here r there.
Lighten up.
The wrld wn't cme t an end in mst cases just because yu left a few things undne. Celebrate prgress and keep refining （改進(jìn)）tward a happy prductive existence. 15 Every cmpletin is a small victry that adds up in a big way.
Speed up.
Be an active learner.
Stp trying t balance time between them all.
Make chices abut what is meaningful in yur life.
The things yu d well usually give yu greater jy.
F Perhaps these tips will help yu make the mst f yur time.
G. This is why making lists is imprtant in any prductivity handbk.
【答案】11. F 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. G
【解析】
【分析】本文是說明文。作者給出了既可以充分利用時間又可以快樂放松的有效建議。
【11題詳解】
上文 “ I have the same 24 hurs in a day as yu d, but 1 have made specific chice that allw me t make the mst f every day and still feel happy and relaxed.（我和你一樣，每天都有24小時，但我做了具體的選擇，讓我充 分利用每一天，仍然感到快樂和放松）”說明作者做出選擇，充分利用每一天，但仍舊感到快樂和輕松，根 據(jù)下文段落小標(biāo)題可知，下文就如何充分利用每一天給出了建議，因此空格處應(yīng)是承上啟下，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)中的“help yu make the mst f yur time與上文 “t make the mst f every day ” 一致，“tips” 引出下文的建議，因此 F項(xiàng)“也許這些建議會幫助你充分利用你的時間”符合語境，承上啟下。故選F。
【12題詳解】
根據(jù)段落標(biāo)題“Pick the mst imprtant.”可知，本段建議挑選最重要的，下文“Fcus n spending time that fr yu is fun and prductive.（把時間花在那些對你來說有趣和富有成效的事情上）”說明要挑選一些有趣的 和富有成效的事情去做，D項(xiàng)中的“ what is meaningful in yur life”與標(biāo)題中的"the mst imprtant一致， 下文是對“Make chices”具體解釋。因此推斷D項(xiàng)“選擇你生活中有意義的東西”符合語境。故選D。 【13題詳解】
上文 “Many peple g crazy trying t figure ut hw t spend time with friends, family, wrk, play, etc.（ 許多人瘋 狂地試圖弄清楚如何在朋友，家庭，工作，娛樂等方面度過時間）”說明許多人想要弄清楚在生活中如何分 配好時間，下文“Find ways t enjy them in a cmbined manner.（找到一種結(jié)合的方式來享受它們）”說明可 以把事情組合在一起享受，因此推斷空格處與上文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說明不要試圖均衡時間，C項(xiàng)“不要試圖在 它們之間平衡時間”符合語境。故選C。
【14題詳解】
空格處為段落小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文“Yu wuld think learning takes mre time frm yu, but actually there are always new ways f ding things that can save yu time n daily tasks, freeing yu up fr the mst imprtant. Always be lking fr a new way t gain back an hur here r there. Always be lking fr a new way t gain back an hur here r there.（你可能會認(rèn)為學(xué)習(xí)需要花費(fèi)了你更多的時間，但實(shí)際上總有一些新的方法可以為你節(jié)省出做日常 事務(wù)的時間，為你騰出時間去做最重要的事情。尋找在這里或者那里贏回一個小時的新方法）”可推斷，本 段講述學(xué)習(xí)雖然花費(fèi)很多時間，但總是能有一些方法為你節(jié)省時間做其他事情，因此要做有效的學(xué)習(xí)者。 因此推斷B項(xiàng)“做有效的學(xué)習(xí)者”為段落標(biāo)題，故選B。
【15題詳解】
下文 “Every cmpletin is a small victry that adds up in a big way.（每一次的完成都是一個小的勝利，累積起 來就是一個大的勝利）”說明事情要一件一件去做，G項(xiàng)中的“making lists”與之呼應(yīng)，因此推斷G項(xiàng)“這 就是為什么列清單在任何生產(chǎn)手冊中都很重要的原因”符合語境，this指代上文“The wrld wn't cme t an end in mst cases just because yu left a few things undne. Celebrate prgress and keep refining （改進(jìn)）tward a happy prductive existence.（在大多數(shù)情況下，世界不會因?yàn)槟銢]做完幾件事而走向末日。慶祝進(jìn)步，不斷 改進(jìn)走向一個快樂而富有成效的存在）”解釋了列出清單一件一件完成任務(wù)的原因。故選G。
11.（2022年浙江卷6月）I have a drawer full f letters t Santa. Each year my children wuld write up their Christmas wish lists. They were plite requests fr the latest game r ty. As the children gt lder, they wuld give Santa sme hints(提示)n where t buy their presents. ____11____
Thse letters taught my children a valuable lessn abut writing: It has a purpse. Smetimes ur purpse is t achieve smething;ther times it may be t entertain, infrm, r persuade. ____12____ And when writing desn’t seem t have any purpse r get any kind f meaningful respnse, then it can be hard t get excited abut ding it.
Christmas is a great time f year fr children t cmmunicate with thers thrugh writing. When children write fr real audiences and real purpses, they can learn t chse their wrds accrdingly. ____13____ Yu write “Dear Santa” because yu dn’t knw him persnally and yu want t shw him respect.
____14____ Texting, nline messaging, live chats while playing vide games all mean that they are cnstantly prducing written messages. Hwever, because they are usually writing t family and friends, they use infrmal language mst f the time.
There is nthing wrng with this kind f writing. It suits the audience and the purpse and gets the jb dne. ____15____ This type f writing wn’t be rewarded by the schl examiner, nr by a future emplyer r a ptential client. The very best cmmunicatrs are thse wh knw hw t adjust their language t match their audience.
A. It isn’t that these yung peple can’t write.
B. But it is always purpseful-r at least it shuld be.
C. The age f pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D. As a result, each year they received smething they wanted.
E. Yu write “Hi Nanna and Pp” because yu are clse t them.
F. As technlgy develps, yung peple are writing mre than they ever have.
G. But if this is the nly kind f writing yung peple d, it will cause prblems.
【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。作者通過講述孩子們通過給圣誕老人寫信暗示得到自己心儀的禮物，從而論證觀點(diǎn)：人們寫作都是帶有某種目的的。
11.D根據(jù)空前“As the children gt lder, they wuld give Santa sme hints(提示)n where t buy their presents. (隨著孩子們逐漸長大，他們會給圣誕老人一些提示，告訴他去哪里買禮物。)”可知，孩子們給圣誕老人提示去哪買禮物。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，D項(xiàng)“As a result, each year they received smething they wanted. (結(jié)果，他們每年都會收到他們想要的東西。)”為孩子們提示的結(jié)果：收到心儀的禮物。前后為明顯的因果關(guān)系。故選D項(xiàng)。
12.B根據(jù)空前“Smetimes ur purpse is t achieve smething;ther times t may be t entertain, infrm, r persuade. (有時我們的目的是為了獲得東西，有時可能是為了娛樂、告知或說服。)”可知，我們寫作都是帶著目的的。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)B“But it is always purpseful-r at least it shuld be. (但它總是有目的的——或者至少應(yīng)該是這樣。)”可知，前后語意一致，說明寫作是帶有目的的。故選B項(xiàng)。
13.E根據(jù)空前“When children write fr real audiences and real purpses, they can learn t chse their wrds accrdingly. (當(dāng)孩子們?yōu)檎嬲淖x者和真正的目的寫作時，他們就能學(xué)會相應(yīng)地選擇用詞。)”以及空后“Yu write “Dear Santa” because yu dn’t knw him persnally and yu want t shw him respect. (你寫“親愛的圣誕老人”是因?yàn)槟悴徽J(rèn)識他，你想表達(dá)對他的尊重。)”可知，空后句和空前句之間是“理論——實(shí)踐”的關(guān)系，由此可推知，空處也應(yīng)為具體的實(shí)踐。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)E“Yu write “Hi Nanna and Pp” because yu are clse t them. (你寫“嗨，奶奶和爸爸”，因?yàn)槟愫退麄兒苡H近。)”可知，符合這一邏輯。而且和空后結(jié)構(gòu)一致。故選E項(xiàng)。
14.F根據(jù)空后“Texting, nline messaging, live chats while playing vide games all mean that they are cnstantly prducing written messages. (在玩電子游戲時發(fā)短信、在線消息、實(shí)時聊天都意味著他們在不斷地產(chǎn)生書面信息。 )”可知，科技的發(fā)展讓人們的寫作變得更普遍。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)F“As technlgy develps, yung peple are writing mre than they ever have. (隨著科技的發(fā)展，年輕人寫的東西比以前更多了。)”可知，前后語意一致，符合語境。故選F項(xiàng)。
15.G根據(jù)空前“There is nthing wrng with this kind f writing. It suits the audience and the purpse and gets the jb dne. (這種寫作方式并沒有錯。它迎合了觀眾和目的，完成了任務(wù)。)”可知，作者在評價這種科技影響下的寫作方式。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)G“But if this is the nly kind f writing yung peple d, it will cause prblems. (但如果這是年輕人唯一的寫作方式，那就會造成問題。)”可知，前后語意一致，從正反兩方面評價科技帶來的寫作。故選G項(xiàng)。
12.（2022年北京卷）Health and fitness help a persn live a gd and healthy life. Often due t varius pressures, we tend t ignre ur health. ____35____ It is the fitness level f ur bdy that helps us fight these diseases.
____36____ We need t be fit t have a healthy bdy. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted twards maintaining the fitness f ur bdy. Health is the state f ur bdy at a given time. We may nt have any disease but still have a weak bdy, which is ready t be targeted by viruses. ____37____ This des nt definitely mean that we are nt healthy. It means the fitness level is nt in accrdance with ur age and the climatic cnditins we live in.
It is imprtant fr everyne t devte sme time t health and fitness. ____38____ Fr instance, we must exercise daily regardless f ur age and wrking style. There are different levels f exercises fr different age grups and we must d them accrding t ur wn health and age.
Additinally, it is imprtant t relax ur bdy. We shuld have at least six t eight hurs f sleep every day. It helps in imprving ur immune (免疫) system and prtects us against diseases. ____39____ This, in turn, gives us new gals f health and fitness.
A. Fitness levels decide the quality f life.
B. Health and fitness are interrelated t each ther.
C. It als helps in keeping us calm and relaxes ur mind.
D. Fr instance, we may have a tendency t catch a cld easily.
E. If we keep ur bdy fit, we can enjy life in a better manner.
F. There are sme activities which everyne shuld d in ur life.
G. This makes ur bdy suffer and we will catch ther diseases.
【答案】35. G 36. B 37. D 38. F 39. C
【解題導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講的是健康和健身之間密不可分的關(guān)系以及我們應(yīng)該通過哪些健身的方式來讓自己有一個健康的身體。
35.【解析】
根據(jù)空前“Health and fitness help a persn live a gd and healthy life. Often due t varius pressures, we tend t ignre ur health.(健康和健身幫助一個人過上良好和健康的生活。由于各種各樣的壓力，我們往往會忽視自己的健康。)”可知因?yàn)楦鞣N壓力，我們的健康容易被忽視，根據(jù)空后“It is the fitness level f ur bdy that helps us fight these diseases.(正是我們身體的健康水平幫助我們對抗這些疾病。)”可知身體的健康可以讓我們應(yīng)對各種疾病，空處承上啟下，所以空處應(yīng)該講忽視健康對我們的身體及生活的影響。G項(xiàng)“This makes ur bdy suffer and we will catch ther diseases.(這使我們的身體遭受痛苦，而且我們會感染其他疾病。)”承接上文，引出下文，而且G項(xiàng)中的ther diseases與空后的these diseases相互照應(yīng)，符合上下文語境。故選G項(xiàng)。
36.【解析】
根據(jù)空后“We need t be fit t have a healthy bdy. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted twards maintaining the fitness f ur bdy.(為了擁有一個健康的身體我們需要健康。同樣，如果我們是健康的，我們自然會被保持健康的身體所吸引。)”可知健康的身體與健身是密不可分的，空處位于句首，應(yīng)是本段的主旨句，B項(xiàng)“Health and fitness are interrelated t each ther.(健康和健身是相互關(guān)聯(lián)的。)”概括全段的主要內(nèi)容，符合上下文語境。故選B項(xiàng)。
37.【解析】
根據(jù)空前“Health is the state f ur bdy at a given time. We may nt have any disease but still have a weak bdy, which is ready t be targeted by viruses.(健康是在特定時間內(nèi)我們身體的狀態(tài)。我們可能沒有任何疾病，但身體仍然虛弱，隨時會被病毒攻擊。)”可知我們的身體雖然沒有生病，但也很虛弱，隨時會生病，根據(jù)空后“This des nt definitely mean that we are nt healthy.(這并不一定意味著我們不健康。)”可知生病并不一定表明我們是不健康的。空處承上啟下，所以空處應(yīng)該舉例說明我們的身體在虛弱的情況下會生病這樣一種狀況，D項(xiàng)“Fr instance, we may have a tendency t catch a cld easily.(例如，我們可能很容易感冒。)”舉例說明我們的身體會在虛弱的情況下生病，承接上文，引出下文，而且空后的This指代D項(xiàng)的we may have a tendency t catch a cld easily這種情況，符合上下文語境。故選D項(xiàng)。
38.【解析】
根據(jù)空前“It is imprtant fr everyne t devte sme time t health and fitness.(對每個人來說，花些時間在健康和健身方面是很重要的。)”可知我們應(yīng)該花時間去健身，根據(jù)空后“Fr instance, we must exercise daily regardless f ur age and wrking style.(例如，我們必須每天鍛煉，不管我們的年齡和工作方式。)”可知我們應(yīng)該每天堅(jiān)持鍛煉，空處承上啟下，所以空處應(yīng)該講的是我們應(yīng)該通過哪些活動來進(jìn)行鍛煉，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“There are sme activities which everyne shuld d in ur life.(在我們的生活中有一些活動是每個人都應(yīng)該做的。)”承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文語境。故選F項(xiàng)。
39.【解析】
根據(jù)空前“We shuld have at least six t eight hurs f sleep every day. It helps in imprving ur immune (免疫) system and prtects us against diseases.(我們每天至少應(yīng)該有6到8個小時的睡眠。它有助于改善我們的免疫系統(tǒng)，保護(hù)我們抵抗疾病。)”可知我們應(yīng)該保障充足的睡眠，根據(jù)空后“This, in turn, gives us new gals f health and fitness.(這反過來又給了我們健康和健身的新目標(biāo)。)”可知充足的睡眠會對我們的健康和健身目標(biāo)很有好處，空處承上啟下，所以空處應(yīng)該繼續(xù)講充足的睡眠的好處，C項(xiàng)“It als helps in keeping us calm and relaxes ur mind.(它也幫助我們保持冷靜和放松我們的大腦。)”進(jìn)一步講了充足的睡眠對于我們的好處，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文語境。故選C項(xiàng)。
精準(zhǔn)練02 全國卷
1.（2024年全國甲卷）What is mderatin (適度)? Basically, it means eating nly as much fd as yur bdy needs. Yu shuld feel satisfied at the end f a meal, but nt t full. ____16____ But it desn't mean saying gdbye t the fds yu lve.
Take yur time. It's imprtant t slw dwn and think abut fd as smething nutritius rather than just smething t eat in between meetings. ____17____ It actually takes a few minutes fr yur brain t tell yur bdy that it has had enugh fd, s eat slwly and stp eating befre yu feel full.
Eat with thers whenever pssible. Eating alne, “specially in frnt f the TV r cmputer, ften leads t mindless vereating. And be careful abut the fds yu keep at hand. It's mre challenging t eat in mderatin if yu have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like ckies. ____18____
Cntrl emtinal (情緒的) eating. ____19____ Many f us als turn t fd t deal with unpleasant emtins such as sadness, lneliness, r bredm. But by learning healthier ways t manage emtins, yu can regain cntrl ver the fd yu eat and yur feelings.
____20____ A healthy breakfast can start yur metablism (新陳代謝), while eating small, healthy meals keeps yur energy up all day. Avid eating late at night. Try t eat dinner earlier and fast fr 14 — 16 hurs until breakfast the next mrning. Studies suggest that eating nly when yu're mst active and giving yur digestive system a lng break each day may help t regulate weight.
A Eat prperly thrughut the day.
B. We dn't always eat just t satisfy hunger.
C. Dn't swallw a meal n the way t wrk.
D. Mst f us need t duble the amunt we eat.
E. Instead, surrund yurself with healthy chices.
F. Fr many f us, mderatin means eating less than we d nw.
G. That wn't lead t cheating r giving up n yur new eating plan.
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. E 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【16題詳解】
上文“Basically, it means eating nly as much fd as yur bdy needs, Yu shuld feel satisfied at the end f a meal, but nt t full. (基本上，它意味著只吃你身體需要的食物，你應(yīng)該在用餐結(jié)束時感到滿足，但不要太飽)”指出，進(jìn)餐時不要吃太飽，吃東西要適量。下文“But it desn’t mean saying gdbye t the fds yu lve. (但這并不意味著要告別你喜歡的食物)”指出，適量進(jìn)食不是要放棄吃自己喜歡的食物。F項(xiàng)“對我們許多人來說，節(jié)制意味著比現(xiàn)在少吃?！苯忉屃撕螢檫m量進(jìn)食。承上啟下，符合文意，選項(xiàng)中的“means”與下文一致。故選F項(xiàng)。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Take yur time. It’s imprtant t slw dwn and think abut fd as smething nutritius rather than just smething t eat in between meetings. (慢慢來。放慢腳步，把食物看作是有營養(yǎng)的東西，而不僅僅是會議間隙吃的東西，這一點(diǎn)很重要)”可推知，本段主要建議讀者吃東西要細(xì)嚼慢咽，不要過于急躁。C項(xiàng)“上班路上不要狼吞虎咽。”承接上文。符合文意。故選C項(xiàng)。
【18題詳解】
上文“It’s mre challenging t eat in mderatin if yu have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like ckies. (如果你已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了不健康的零食，比如餅干，那么適量食用就更具挑戰(zhàn)性了。)”指出，吃不健康的食物不利于適度飲食，E項(xiàng)“相反，你應(yīng)該選擇健康的食物?！狈衔囊?，建議讀者選擇健康的食物。選項(xiàng)中的“healthy”與上文中的“unhealthy”相對應(yīng)。故選E項(xiàng)。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)本段首句“Cntrl emtinal (情緒的) eating. (控制情緒化進(jìn)食)”以及下文“Many f us als turn t fd t deal with unpleasant emtins such as sadness, lneliness, r bredm.(我們中的許多人也會求助于食物來處理不愉快的情緒，如悲傷、孤獨(dú)或無聊)”可推知，本段主要建議讀者不要情緒化的進(jìn)行暴飲暴食，要進(jìn)行健康飲食。B項(xiàng)“我們吃東西并不總是為了充饑?！敝赋鲇行┤顺詵|西并不總是為了充饑，引出下文有些人通過食物發(fā)泄情緒，符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)。
【20題詳解】
設(shè)空處位于段首，總結(jié)全段，下文“A healthy breakfast can start yur metablism (新陳代謝), while eating small, healthy meals keeps yur energy up all day, Avid eating late at night. Try t eat dinner earlier and fast fr 14 — 16 hurs until breakfast the next mrning. (健康的早餐可以啟動你的新陳代謝，而吃少量健康的食物可以讓你一整天都精力充沛，避免在深夜進(jìn)食。盡量早點(diǎn)吃晚飯，禁食14 — 16個小時，直到第二天早上吃早餐。)”指出，我們在一天中的每個時間段都要健康飲食。A項(xiàng)“一整天都要適當(dāng)飲食。”符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。
2.（2023年全國甲卷）Tricks T Becming A Patient Persn
Here’s a riddle: What d traffic jams, lng lines and waiting fr a vacatin t start all have in cmmn? There is ne answer. ___16___.
In the Digital Age, we’re used t having what we need immediately and right ai ur fingertips. Hwever, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whle lt better ff. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lt f benefits: Research shws it makes us happier, less stressed and even mre ptimistic. ___17___. “Shwing thankfulness can fster self-cntrl,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University f Califrnia.
● Make yurself wait
Instant gratificatin (滿足) may seem like the mst “feel gd” ptin at the time, but psychlgy research suggests waiting fr things actually makes us happier in the lng run. And the nly way fr us t get int the habit f waiting is t practice. ___18___. Put ff watching yur favrite shw until the weekend r wait 10 extra minutes befre ging fr that cake. Yu’ll sn find that the mre patience yu practice, the mre yu start t apply it t ther, mre annying situatins.
● ___19___.
S many f us have the belief that being cmfrtabel is the nly state we will tlerate, and when we experience smething utside f ur cmfrt zne, we get impatient abut the circumstances. Yu shuld learn t say t yurself, “___20___.” Yu’ll then gradually becme mre patient.
A. Find yur causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncmfrtable
D. All this adds up t a state f hurry
E. It can als help us practice mre patience
F. This is merely uncmfrtable, nt intlerable
G. They’re all situatins where we culd use a little extra patience
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了變得耐心的一些方法。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Here’s a riddle: What d traffic jams, lng lines and waiting fr a vacatin t start all have in cmmn? There’s ne answer. (這里有一個謎語：交通堵塞、排長隊(duì)和等待假期開始有什么共同之處？答案只有一個)”可知，本句說明上文謎語答案，結(jié)合“交通堵塞、排長隊(duì)和等待假期”這些情況可知都需要耐心。故G選項(xiàng)“在這些情況下，我們都需要一點(diǎn)額外的耐心”符合語境，故選G。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Thankfulness has a lt f benefits: Research shws it makes us happier, less stressed and even mre ptimistic.(感恩有很多好處：研究表明，感恩讓我們更快樂，壓力更小，甚至更樂觀)”以及后文““Shwing thankfulness can fster self-cntrl,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University f Califrnia. (加州大學(xué)的研究員葉麗說：“表達(dá)感激可以培養(yǎng)自我控制能力?！?”可知，上文提到了感恩的諸多好處，可知本句繼續(xù)說明感恩的好處：它還可以幫助我們練習(xí)更多的耐心。E選項(xiàng)中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E選項(xiàng)“它還可以幫助我們練習(xí)更多的耐心”符合語境，故選E。
【18題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“And the nly way fr us t get int the habit f waiting is t practice. (我們養(yǎng)成等待習(xí)慣的唯一方法就是練習(xí))”以及后文“Put ff watching yur favrite shw until the weekend r wait 10 extra minutes befre ging fr that cake. (把你最喜歡的節(jié)目推遲到周末再看，或者多等10分鐘再去吃蛋糕)”可知，后文列舉的事情都是日常的小事，說明要從小事開始練習(xí)等待，故B選項(xiàng)“從小任務(wù)開始”符合語境，故選B。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“S many f us have the belief that being cmfrtable is the nly state we will tlerate, and when we experience smething utside f ur cmfrt zne, we get impatient abut the circumstances. (我們中的許多人都認(rèn)為舒適是我們唯一能容忍的狀態(tài)，當(dāng)我們經(jīng)歷舒適區(qū)之外的事情時，我們會對環(huán)境失去耐心)”可知，本段提到了舒適是我們唯一能容忍的狀態(tài)，結(jié)合前文的小標(biāo)題都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨與接受不舒適相關(guān)，C選項(xiàng)中uncmfrtable對應(yīng)后文cmfrtable。故C選項(xiàng)“接受不舒服”符合語境，故選C。
【20題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Yu shuld learn t say t yurself (你應(yīng)該學(xué)會對自己說……)”以及后文“Yu’ll then gradually becme mre patient. (然后你會逐漸變得更有耐心)”結(jié)合本段主要說明的是不舒服的狀態(tài)，可知，本句為對自己所說的話與接受不舒服相關(guān)，故F選項(xiàng)“這僅僅是不舒服，而不是無法忍受”符合語境，故選F。
3.（2023年全國乙卷）Indr plants might lk as if they just sit arund nt ding much, but in many ways they are the unsung heres f the hme. ____16____, but studies have shwn that they can prmte peple’s wellbeing by imprving their md (心情), reducing stress and helping their memry. What’s mre, indr plants are easy t lk after and are nt very expensive.
What are indr plants?
Indr plants, als knwn as huseplants r pt plants, are plants that like t grw indrs. Many f these species (物種) are nt ideally suited t grwing utside in the UK, especially in the winter. ____17____.
Why are indr plants gd fr yu?
Will Spelstra, wh wrks at the Ryal Btanic Gardens, says, “____18____. I find during the winter mnths, plants arund the huse can really lift yur md.” Several studies have backed this up and fund that indr plants can imprve creativity, fcus and memry. There is als research shwing that pt plants can clean the air arund them by remving harmful gases, such as carbn dixide. They als remve sme harmful chemicals frm paints r cking. ____19____.
Which plants can yu grw?
Ale vera, peace lilies and spider plants are sme f the species that are easy t grw indrs. Yu can buy plants frm supermarkets, garden centres r nline. Yunger plants are ften cheaper than fully grwn nes, and yu get t care fr them as they mature — which is part f the jy f wning plants. “____20____,” Spelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and fcus int peple’s lives and help t make the link between hme and nature.”
A. All plants are different
B. Nt nly d they lk beautiful
C. There are many benefits t grwing plants indrs
D. Instead, they grw better inside, where it is warmer
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tngue are amng the best
F. Changing the pt f yur plant frm time t time will als help
G. Learning abut the requirements f each plant can be very rewarding
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了什么是室內(nèi)植物、室內(nèi)植物帶來的好處及你能種植哪些室內(nèi)植物。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)下文“but studies have shwn that they can prmte peple’s wellbeing by imprving their md (心情), reducing stress and helping their memry.(而且研究表明，它們可以通過改善情緒、減輕壓力和幫助增強(qiáng)記憶力來促進(jìn)人們的健康)”可知，此處與下文是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，構(gòu)成nt nly…but“不僅……而且……”結(jié)構(gòu)。由此可知，B. Nt nly d they lk beautiful(它們不僅看起來很漂亮)能夠銜接下文，符合語境。故選B。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Many f these species (物種) are nt ideally suited t grwing utside in the UK, especially in the winter.(這些品種中的許多都不適合在英國戶外生長，尤其是在冬天)”可知，有些植物不適合在戶外寒冷的環(huán)境中生長，即適合在溫暖的地方生長。由此可知，D. Instead, they grw better inside, where it is warmer(相反，它們在溫暖的室內(nèi)生長得更好)能夠承接上文，符合語境。故選D。
【18題詳解】
根據(jù)下文“I find during the winter mnths, plants arund the huse can really lift yur md.(我發(fā)現(xiàn)在冬天的幾個月里，房子周圍的植物真的能提升你的情緒)”可知，室內(nèi)植物對人有好處。由此可知，C. There are many benefits t grwing plants indrs(在室內(nèi)種植植物有很多好處)能夠銜接下文，符合語境。故選C。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“There is als research shwing that pt plants can clean the air arund them by remving harmful gases, such as carbn dixide. They als remve sme harmful chemicals frm paints r cking.(也有研究表明，盆栽植物可以通過去除二氧化碳等有害氣體來凈化周圍的空氣。它們還能去除油漆或烹飪中的一些有害化學(xué)物質(zhì))”可知，盆栽植物能夠清除有害物質(zhì)。由此可知，E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tngue are amng the best(像和平百合和魔芋之類的植物是最好的)能夠承接上文，列舉了在這方面做的最好的植物，符合語境。故選E。
20題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Yunger plants are ften cheaper than fully grwn nes, and yu get t care fr them as they mature-which is part f the jy f wning plants.(年輕的植物通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它們成熟時照顧它們——這是擁有植物的樂趣之一)”可知，不同的植物需求是不同的。由此可知，G. Learning abut the requirements f each plant can be very rewarding(了解每種植物的需求是非常有益的)能夠承接上文，同時引起下文，下文“It can bring a new interest and fcus int peple’s lives and help t make the link between hme and nature.”(它可以為人們的生活帶來新的興趣和焦點(diǎn)，并有助于建立家庭與自然之間的聯(lián)系。)”具體介紹了了解每種植物的需求的好處。故選G。
4.（2022年全國甲卷）Imprtant Things t Knw When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (禮節(jié)) might surprise yu with sme f its imprtant rules. ___16___. Knwing sme tips will help ensure that yu have an enjyable meal with friends r family — n matter where yu are in the wrld.
Chpstick Rules
The way yu handle chpsticks is imprtant t avid annying yur cmpanins. When yu put them dwn between bites, always put them dwn tgether s they are parallel with the edge f the table in frnt f yu. ___17___ .
Hands r Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it’s cnsidered very rude t eat with yur left hand. Peple in France expect yu t eat with a utensil in each hand. ___18___, instead preferring t use their hands. In Chile, yu may never tuch any fd with yur fingers. Peple in Thailand generally use their frks nly t push fd nt their spns.
Making Requests
___19___ . In Prtugal, this wuld be a serius mistake, because it shws the chef that yu dn’t like their seasning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask fr extra cheese t add t yur fd.
Sme f these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem randm and strange, but they are imprtant in varius cuntries. ___20___ , the mre cmfrtable yu’ll begin t feel with its freign cultural practices.
A. The mre friends yu make in yur lifetime
B. The mre time yu spend in any given cuntry
C. Mexicans cnsider it inapprpriate t eat with utensils
D. Dn’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a gd sign fr the chef if yu make a mess arund yur plate
F. Never stick them upright in yur fd r crss them as yu use them
G. It may seem like a simple request t ask fr salt and pepper at a meal
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. C 19. G 20. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些外出就餐時要知道的一些重要事情。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“Imprtant Things t Knw When Dining Out (外出就餐時要知道的重要事情)”可知，本文主要介紹的是外出就餐時應(yīng)該知道的重要事情。由此可知，D項(xiàng)“Dn’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant (不要在餐館犯尷尬的錯誤)”符合語境，其中“at a restaurant”對應(yīng)標(biāo)題中的“When Dining Out”，同時引起下文“Knwing sme tips will help ensure that yu have an enjyable meal with friends r family — n matter where yu are in the wrld. (知道一些技巧將有助于確保你和朋友或家人一起享受一頓愉快的晚餐——無論你在世界的哪個地方)”。故選D。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Chpstick Rules”可知，本段主要講述的是使用筷子的規(guī)則。根據(jù)上文“When yu put them dwn between bites, always put them dwn tgether s they are parallel with the edge f the table in frnt f yu. (當(dāng)你在吃的間隙把它們放下來的時候，一定要把它們放在一起，這樣它們就和你面前的桌子邊緣平行了)”可知，此處講述了正確使用筷子的方式。由此可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Never stick them upright in yur fd r crss them as yu use them (不要把它們筆直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它們時交叉放置)”講述的也是使用筷子時的注意事項(xiàng)，符合此處語境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chpsticks”。故選F。
【18題詳解】
根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Hands r Utensils (餐具)”可知，本段主要講述的是手和餐具的問題。根據(jù)上文“In India and the Middle East, it’s cnsidered very rude t eat with yur left hand. Peple in France expect yu t eat with a utensil in each hand. (在印度和中東，用左手吃飯被認(rèn)為是非常不禮貌的。法國人希望你每只手拿一個餐具吃飯)”及下文“instead preferring t use their hands (相反更愿意使用他們的雙手)”可知，此處在講述不同國家就餐時習(xí)慣使用哪只手的問題。由此可知，C項(xiàng)“Mexicans cnsider it inapprpriate t eat with utensils (墨西哥人認(rèn)為用餐具吃飯是不合適的)”符合語境，與下文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選C。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Making Requests”可知，本段主要講述的是用餐時提請求的問題。根據(jù)下文“In Prtugal, this wuld be a serius mistake, because it shws the chef that yu dn’t like their seasning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask fr extra cheese t add t yur fd. (在葡萄牙，這將是一個嚴(yán)重的錯誤，因?yàn)檫@向廚師表明你不喜歡他們的調(diào)味技巧。同樣，在意大利，永遠(yuǎn)不要要求在食物中添加額外的奶酪)”可推知，在一些國家，用餐時提出要求是很無禮的。由此可知，G項(xiàng)“It may seem like simple request t ask fr salt and pepper at a meal (吃飯時要鹽和胡椒看似很簡單)”符合此處語境，其中“request”是關(guān)鍵詞，說明，在用餐時提出一些我們看來很平常的要求在某些國家是無禮的。故選G。
【20題詳解】
根據(jù)下文“the mre cmfrtable yu’ll begin t feel with its freign cultural practices. (你就會對它的外國文化習(xí)俗感到越舒服)”可推知，此處指在一個國家待得越久，就會越習(xí)慣當(dāng)?shù)亓?xí)俗，且此處是“the+比較級，the+比較級”結(jié)構(gòu)，B項(xiàng)“The mre time yu spend in any given cuntry (你在某個國家待的時間越長)”符合文意，引出下文。故選B。
5.（2022年全國乙卷）Friendship needs care and attentin t keep it in gd health. Here are five ways t sustain (保持) lng-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Lng-lasting friendships share the characteristic that bth sides equally cntact (聯(lián)系) and share with ne anther. With busy schedules, squeezing in phne calls can be a challenge. ___16___.
·Mre isn’t always merrier
Make sure yu have cmmunicated with yur friend abut hw frequently each f yu wants t be cntacted and what methd wrks best fr yu bth. ___17___. There are alternatives t cnstant written cmmunicatin, such as leaving vice messages r having a grup chat.
·Practise empathy (共情)
___18___. The friend wh is remaining needs t be sensitive t all the additinal time demands placed n the friend wh has mved. The ne in the new envirnment shuld be sympathetic t the fact that yur friend may feel abandned.
· ___19___
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even mre weight in lng-distance friendships. Althugh technlgy might make day-t-day cmmunicatin pssible, extra effrt ges a lng way n special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track f friends’ birthdays and ther imprtant dates will make sure nthing slips by yu.
·Dn’t rely n technlgy alne
___20___, but lng-distance friendships — even clse nes — may require mre cnscius effrt t sustain. Try t seek ut chances t renew friendships. Hw t d it? Just spend face-t-face time tgether whenever pssible.
A. Remember imprtant dates
B. Cmpensate by writing letters
C. It is als helpful fr yu t be a friendship keeper
D. Try t find a time that wrks fr bth f yu and stick t it
E. Friends need t talk abut their preferred methds f cmmunicatin
F. It is easy t have a sense f cnnectedness thrugh scial media
G. Yu may be the friend wh left r the ne wh was left behind
【答案】16 D 17. B 18. G 19. A 20. F
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了五種維系異地友誼的方法。
【16題詳解】
上文“With busy schedules, squeezing in phne calls can be a challenge.”（平日繁忙，很難抽出時間打電話。）講的是雙方都很忙碌，很難有時間給對方打電話，D項(xiàng)“盡量找個雙方都有空的時間去打電話，并堅(jiān)持下去” 給出了解決沒時間打電話這個問題的方法，符合題意。故選D項(xiàng)。
【17題詳解】
上文“Make sure yu have cmmunicated with yur friend abut hw frequently each f yu wants t be cntacted and what methd wrks best fr yu bth.”（確保你已經(jīng)與你的朋友溝通過，了解你們彼此希望聯(lián)系的次數(shù)，以及哪種溝通方式最適合你們兩人。）提到異地朋友之間要商量溝通方式，B項(xiàng)“可以通過寫信補(bǔ)償”提出了其中一種溝通方式：寫信，下文“There are alternatives t cnstant written cmmunicatin, such as leaving vice messages r having a grup chat.”（除了不斷的文字交流，還有其他方式，比如發(fā)語音或者組建群聊。）補(bǔ)充了發(fā)語音等其他溝通方式，其中“cnstant written cmmunicatin”呼應(yīng)了B項(xiàng)的“writing letters”。故選B項(xiàng)。
【18題詳解】
下文“The friend wh is remaining”（留下來的朋友）和“The ne in the new envirnment”（在新環(huán)境中的那個）提到朋友的兩個不同處境，G項(xiàng)“你可能是朋友中離開的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出了異地友誼中分為離開的一方和留下的一方，其中“the friend wh left”和“the ne wh was left behind”分別對應(yīng)下文“The ne in the new envirnment”和“The friend wh is remaining”，所以G項(xiàng)符合題意。故選G項(xiàng)。
【19題詳解】
分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處的內(nèi)容是維系異地友誼的第四個方法，是第五段的小標(biāo)題。下文“Anniversaries and birthdays carry even mre weight in lng-distance friendships.”（周年紀(jì)念日和生日對于異地友誼而言是非常重要的。）講的是諸如周年紀(jì)念日和生日等重要的日子對于維系異地友誼是非常重要的，由此推知，這段對應(yīng)的維系異地友誼的方法是A項(xiàng)“記得重要的日子”，所以A項(xiàng)符合題意。故選A項(xiàng)。
【20題詳解】
設(shè)空處所在句子的后半句“but lng-distance friendships — even clse nes — may require mre cnscius effrt t sustain.”（但是異地友誼——甚至是關(guān)系親密的友誼——可能需要更加自覺地去維系。）講的是我們要更加自覺地維系異地友誼，其中“but”說明后半句與設(shè)空處形成轉(zhuǎn)折，而F項(xiàng)“朋友之間很容易通過社交媒體產(chǎn)生一種聯(lián)結(jié)感”講的是可以通過社交媒體這種方式很容易與朋友產(chǎn)生聯(lián)結(jié)，與后半句“require mre cnscius effrt t sustain”形成轉(zhuǎn)折，而且其中的“scial media”呼應(yīng)了該段的小標(biāo)題“Dn’t rely n technlgy alne”（不要僅僅依賴技術(shù)）中的“technlgy”。故選F項(xiàng)。
年份
卷別
小標(biāo)題
三年（3考）
段首題
三年（14考）
段中題
三年（53考）
段尾題
三年（15考）
命題趨勢
2024
新高考I卷
1
4
分析近三年高考真題可知，
體裁：以說明文為主，記敘文、議論文為輔。題型選材具有很強(qiáng)的時效性，多是社會生活和文化科技等方面具有生活氣息的短文。
詞數(shù)：在300詞左右，文章結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，層次分明，側(cè)重考查考生的邏輯思維能力。
設(shè)題位置：以段中為主，段首和段尾為輔。七個選項(xiàng)都與文章內(nèi)容相關(guān)。兩個選項(xiàng)為干擾項(xiàng)。干擾項(xiàng)中會出現(xiàn)文章中的相關(guān)詞匯。
新高考II卷
1
4
全國甲卷
1
3
1
浙江卷1月
1
3
1
2023
新高考I卷
4
1
新高考II卷
1
3
1
全國甲卷
1
3
1
全國乙卷
3
2
北京卷
1
2
2
浙江卷1月
5
2022
新高考I卷
4
1
新高考II卷
1
4
全國甲卷
1
3
1
全國乙卷
1
2
1
1
北京卷
1
4
天津卷
浙江卷1月
1
1
1
2
浙江卷6月
2
2
1

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