本單元重點(diǎn)語法 現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞異同
a. Hfman’s inspiratin fr Flating Fish came frm Chinese flk tales passed dwn thrugh the generatins. (教材 P39)b. He was particularly interested in the ld stry abut a fish jumpingthrugh the “Dragn Gate”. (教材 P39)c. During the walk and my stay here in the twn, I saw the fish beingfed by peple. (教材 P39)d. Yu see als sme fish sculpted n the wall. (教材 P39)e. He is mst widely knwn fr cmpsing music fr the film ….. (教材P39)f. There were lts f peple waiting t enter the Mauritshuis…... (教材P41)
◆過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞的共同點(diǎn)
●單個(gè)過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞作定語時(shí)，放在被修試飾的名詞前面;過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語時(shí)，放在被修飾的名詞后面, 請(qǐng)觀察以下句子
a. English is a widely used language.b. This is ne f the schls built in 1980s.c. The smiling girl is Tm’s daughter.d. The ld man reading the newspaper at the table is Mary’sfather.
●兩者在語法功能上相當(dāng)于形容詞，可以在句子中一般作定語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語和狀語，分解如下
a. The Olympic Games, first played in 776 B.C. did nt include wmen players until 1912.= The Olympic Games, which was first played in 776.BC. did nt include wmen players until 1912.b. The mbile phne lying n the desk belngs t me.=The mbile phne which is lying n the desk belngs t me.
※過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞作定語.請(qǐng)觀察以下句子
※過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞作表語.請(qǐng)觀察以下句子
a. This news sunds encuraging. b. The audience gt very exciting when they received the new play?c. The students are all interested in these stry-bks.d. They were astnished at the astnishing news.e. He was tired f the tiring jb.
※ 過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，請(qǐng)觀察以下句子
a. The next mrning she fund the man lying in bed, dead.b. They shuld have these packages weighed befre delivering them.c. Mther left my little sister standing in the sun fr an hur. d. He raised his vice t make himself heard by all the audience.
a. Eurpean ftball is played all ver 80 cuntries, making it the mstppular sprt in the wrld.(結(jié)果狀語)b. Nt having received a reply, he decided t write again.(原因狀語)c. Seen frm space, the earth lks blue.(時(shí)間狀語)d. Seeing the earth frm space, we will find it blue(時(shí)間狀語)e. She sat at the desk, fcusing n the lessn. (伴隨狀語)f. Thugh invited, I wn’t attend his party. (讓步狀語)
※ 過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，請(qǐng)觀察以下句子
◆過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞的不同點(diǎn)
● 時(shí)態(tài)上的不同：過去分詞強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成；現(xiàn)在分詞強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，請(qǐng)觀察以下句子
a. The ld man wrking in the field nw is Mary’s father. ( 表動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行)b. The building built last year is ur teaching building. (表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成 )
● 語態(tài)上的不同：過去分詞側(cè)重于被動(dòng)；現(xiàn)在分詞側(cè)重于主動(dòng)，請(qǐng)觀察以下句子
a.Eurpean ftball is played in 80 cuntries, making it the mst ppular sprt in the wrld.(歐洲足球使之本身成為一項(xiàng)最受世人歡迎的運(yùn)動(dòng).這里，Eurpean ftball 對(duì)于 make 來說為主動(dòng)關(guān)系)b. The teacher came in the classrm, fllwed by his students.(這里，老師進(jìn)入教室時(shí)是被學(xué)生跟著)c. We saw them dancing at five yesterday afternn.(這里，跳舞的動(dòng)作對(duì)他們來說是主動(dòng)的)d. The huse built 50 years ag will be pulled dwn sn.(這里，房屋只能是“被建”， 即 built表示被動(dòng))
※溫馨告知：當(dāng)過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時(shí)，如果其邏輯主語與整個(gè)句子的主語不一致，要用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)或 with 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)來替代，此時(shí)，也可把該分詞看成是介詞 with + 賓語 +賓語補(bǔ)足語，請(qǐng)觀察以下句子
a. The murderer was brught in, with his hands tied.b. The engineer was speaking, with three wrkers standing beside him.c. She left the ffice, with the dr unlcked.d. The lady went int a shp, with her dg waiting utside.
※ 輕輕告訴您: interested, excited , surprised, frightened, lst , drunk, shcked 和 dressed, knwn, devted等用作表語, 有些僅表示狀態(tài),毫無被動(dòng)意味,而 interesting, exciting,surprising, shcking, frightening, bring, tiring, bring等也已經(jīng)失去了動(dòng)作意義，只表示事物的性質(zhì)或特征, 請(qǐng)觀察以下句子
a. Hearing the exciting news, the audience gt very excited. b. The by’s father seems pleased with results f the exam. c. The result f the meeting was very disappinting. d. This is a surprising news because we have never heard it. e. Devted friends always appear when we are in truble.
1. Cleaning wmen in big cities usually get __________ by the hur. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. t pay
2. As sn as he entered the city, he _________.A. was lsing B. gt lsing C. grew lst D. gt lst
3. The rms ___________ nw, yu can’t mve in.painted B. painting C. being painted D. t be painted4. ______ frm space, the earth is a water--cvered glbe.A. Seeing B. Seen C. T see D. Having been seen
5. What he has dne is really __________. Nw his parents are _____ him.A. disappinting; disappinted at B. disappinting; disappinted abutC. disappinting; disappinted with D. disappinted; disappinting by 6. ____ in thught, he almst ran int the car in frnt f him.Lsing B. Having lst C. Lst D. T lse
7. ________ a reply, he decided t write again. A. Nt receiving B. Receiving nt C. Nt having received D. Having nt received
8. Befre _____, the machine must be checked. being used B. using it C. being used t D. using
9. _____ better attentin , the vegetables culd have grwnbetter with the sun shining brightly in the sky and ________ them light. Giving; given B. Given; given C. Giving; giving D. Given; giving10. English is a language ________ in many cuntries.A. spken B. speaking C. be spken D. t speak
11. ____ mre attentin, the trees culd have grwn better.A. Given B. T give C. Giving D. Having given12. ______ his students, the teacher came int the hall. Fllwed B. Fllwed by C. Being fllwed D. Having been fllwed13. Excuse me, but it is time t have yur temperature ____. taking B. t take C. take D. taken14. The by had his leg _____ while ____ ftball.brken, playing B. break, play C. brken, played D. brke, was playing15. Dick made the secret ________ t all his friends.t knw B. knwn C. knw D. knwing
16. When she returned hme, she fund the windw pen and smething ______.A. stealing B. missed C. stlen D. t steal17. The new shpping center _____ nw will be put int use by the end f this year.A. built B. be built C. being built D. t be built18. I'm afraid I can't make myself ______ in English. understanding B. understand C. t be understd D. understd

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