一、初中常見的不定代詞
(1)表示不同范圍
(2)表示肯定或否定
2.常考的幾組易錯不定代詞辨析
(1)bth, either與neither
(2)all, any 與nne
(3)each與every
(4)sme與any
(5)a few,few,a little與little
(6)ther, the ther ,thers, the thers 與anther
復合不定代詞:
復合不定代詞是由sme, any, n, every加-bdy,-thing,-ne構成,列表如下:
由于在使用中有比較特殊的習慣用法,是考試中比較常見的考點。
一:復合不定代詞和部分否定
部分否定是考試中的熱門考點,常表達的結構有兩種:1:nt+全部肯定詞 2:助 動詞+nt+全部肯定詞。其意都為“并非都,不都”。前者是一般形態(tài),如:Nt everyne likes English. 由于是基本概念,學生比較容易理解。但后者和一般否定句比較相似,容易引起學生判斷上的疑惑,是出題的焦點。
二:復合不定代詞的定語位置
復合不定代詞被定語修飾的時候,定語必須放在不定代詞后面。復合不定代詞+形容詞/副詞:如nthing interesting; smething new
三:復合不定代詞與謂語的一致問題
復合不定代詞作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
Everything that glittered is nt gld. Nthing except fr a few bks was left fr him by his father.
【易錯警示】
復合不定代詞的用法區(qū)別
1. 大家都知道,帶sme的復合不定代詞一般用于肯定句;而帶any的復合不定代詞常用在否定句,如:I have smething imprtant t tell yu.
If there is anything wrng, please let me knw.
但是,帶sme 的復合不定代詞也可以用在表示說話人希望得到肯定回答或表示請求,建議,詢問的疑問句中。如:Wuld yu like smething t eat?
2. 帶any的復合不定代詞用在肯定句中帶有“任何人,任何事”的意思。
Anyne wh breaks the law will be thrwn int prisn.
As a teacher, I wuld d anything fr my students.
特別要注意的是帶any的復合不定代詞不能再用否定式。如:
Anything culd nt be seen in that dark rm. (F)
要表達否定意思,只可以用對應的全部否定的詞代替。如:
Nthing culd be seen in that dark rm.
3. 指人的復合不定代詞合寫與分開寫,其意思和用法不同,以any為例。
anyne 僅指人 任何人,某人, 不和f連用
any ne 即指人,也指物, 任何一個的意思 可以于f連用
Anyne can d the jb.
Any ne f us can d the jb.
4. 一般情況下,用nthing 回答以what 開頭的問題,nbdy (n ne) 回答wh 開頭的問題。
-----What’s n the table? ----- Nthing.
-----Wh is in the classrm?--------Nbdy. ( N ne).
二、頻度副詞:
頻度副詞是副詞的一種,通常和一般現(xiàn)在時連用,表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常或反復發(fā)生的動作。我們已經(jīng)學到的頻度副詞有always, usually, smetimes, never。按照頻率發(fā)生的高低依次為always(總是)>usually(通常)>smetimes(有時)>never(從不)。
Jhn always cmes late. 約翰總是遲到。
I usually g t schl by bus. 我通常乘公共汽車去上學。
He smetimes plays vlleyball after schl. 他有時放學后打排球。
I never drink milk. 我從不喝牛奶。
2. 頻度副詞在句中的位置
(1)頻度副詞一般位于實義動詞之前,系動詞be、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞之后,在句中作狀語。
We never eat junk fd. 我們從不吃垃圾食品。
Lucy is smetimes very busy. 露西有時很忙。
(2)有些頻度副詞(如smetimes)位置比較靈活,可位于句首或句末。
Smetimes, Jack plays cmputer games. 有時杰克玩電腦游戲。
3. 對頻度副詞提問時,用hw ften。
—Hw ften d yu exercise? 你多久鍛煉一次?
—Hardly ever. 幾乎從不。
【考點剖析】
考點一:常見不定代詞的用法
1.(2022·廣東·廣州大學附屬中學八年級期中)There are many students n the playgrund. Sme are running. ________ are playing.
A.OtherB.AntherC.OthersD.The ther
2.(2022·河北石家莊·八年級期中)—There are ________ vegetables in the fridge. Will yu g shpping with me?
—Srry, I have t d my hmewrk first.
A.a(chǎn) fewB.fewC.a(chǎn) littleD.little
3.(2022·重慶南開中學八年級期中)—D yur classmates wrk hard, Lucy?
—Yes, ________ f them ges t schl late.
A.a(chǎn)llB.bthC.eachD.nne
4.(2022·廣東廣州·八年級期中)They have ________ ranges, but I dn’t have ________.
A.sme; anyB.a(chǎn)ny; smeC.a(chǎn)ny; anyD.sme; sme
5.(2022·湖北武漢·八年級期中)—Hw ften d yu write e-mails t yur brther?
—Only nce a mnth. ________ f us has much time.
A.NeitherB.NneC.EitherD.Bth
考點二:復合不定代詞的用法
6.(2022·廣東·廣州市第七中學八年級期中)— Oh, this cffee is wnderful. Wuld yu like ________?
— Thanks, but I dn’t feel like drinking ________ nw.
A.sme, smethingB.a(chǎn)ny, anythingC.sme, anythingD.a(chǎn)ny, smething
7.(2022·河北石家莊·八年級期中)—Did yu buy ________ when yu were n vacatin?
—Yes, I bught a cmputer.
A.smething specialB.a(chǎn)nything specialC.special smethingD.special anything
8.(2022·江蘇南京·八年級期中)—I didn’t pass the math exam yesterday. I’m s sad.
—Dn’t lse hpe! ________ is impssible if yu put yur heart int it.
A.NthingB.SmethingC.EverythingD.Anything
9.(2022·廣東廣州·八年級期中)I dn’t knw where Mr White has gne. Yu’d better ask ________.
A.else smebdyB.ther smebdyC.smebdy elseD.a(chǎn)nybdy else
考點三: 頻度副詞
10.(2022·上海嘉定·八年級期中)I think Martin lives an unhealthy life because he _______ des sprts.
A.usuallyB.seldmC.ftenD.a(chǎn)lways
11.(2022·河北唐山·八年級期末)—Miss Ga is very ppular with her students.
—Yes. Her classes are ________ lively and interesting.
A.seldmB.a(chǎn)lwaysC.smetimesD.never
12.(2021·四川省遂寧市第二中學校八年級期中)—________ d yu exercise?
—I play tennis ________ a week.
A.Hw lng, twiceB.Hw ften, secndC.Hw ften, twiceD.Hw lng, secnd
【真題演練】
13.(2022·西藏·中考真題)Lucy has tw brthers. One is a wrker, ________ is a teacher.
A.therB.thersC.the thersD.the ther
14.(2022·上?!ぶ锌颊骖})Make sure _______ has the textbks when the new term starts.
A.nbdyB.a(chǎn)nybdyC.smebdyD.everybdy
15.(2022·江蘇鹽城·中考真題)— Cffee r milk, Jeff?
— ________ is OK. I care little abut it.
A.BthB.NneC.EitherD.Neither
16.(2022·江蘇常州·中考真題)Learning is a life-lng jurney, fr it brings us ________ new every day.
A.everythingB.nthingC.a(chǎn)nythingD.smething
17.(2022·江蘇無錫·中考真題)—Cffee r tea, Frank?
—Cffee, please. T get relaxed, ________ is better than a cup f cffee.
A.nthingB.a(chǎn)nythingC.smethingD.everything
18.(2022·湖北武漢·中考真題)—T g abrad r nt t g after graduatin, it’s a questin.
—Yu may take ________ f the rads. But being hme in the end matters.
A.neitherB.eitherC.bthD.nne
19.(2022·新疆·中考真題)—Yu never give up in difficult situatins.
—I believe ________ is impssible t a hpeful heart.
A.nthingB.a(chǎn)nythingC.everythingD.smething
20.There isn’t ________ in the classrm. All the students are having a PE lessn in the playgrund.
A.smebdyB.a(chǎn)nybdyC.nbdyD.everybdy
21.(2022·遼寧撫順·中考真題)All f us can’t avid making mistakes. After all, ________ is perfect.
A.smebdyB.a(chǎn)nybdyC.everybdyD.nbdy
22.(2022·山東濟南·中考真題)— Did yu d ________ special fr yur mther n her birthday?
— Yes. I cked lng ndles fr her.
A.nthingB.smethingC.everythingD.a(chǎn)nything
23.—D yu knw ________ abut the fur classic nvels f Chinese literature (文學)?
—Yes, I learn ________ interesting abut Jurney t the west.
A.a(chǎn)nything; anythingB.smething; anything
C.smething; smethingD.a(chǎn)nything; smething
24.(2022·貴州銅仁·中考真題)—What’s the matter with my thrat, dctr?
—______. Drinking mre ht water is OK.
A.Smething seriusB.Nthing serius
C.Serius smethingD.Serius nthing
25.(2022·遼寧沈陽·中考真題)Peple shuld ________ pick up the rubbish whenever they see it.
A.neverB.seldmC.smetimesD.a(chǎn)lways
26.(2022·廣西貴港·中考真題)Tina gets up early every mrning, s she is ________ late fr schl.
A.ftenB.a(chǎn)lwaysC.usuallyD.never
27.(2022·四川·樂山市教育科學研究所中考真題)The little by is ________ angry with his parents because he thinks they lve his sister mre.
A.neverB.seldmC.ften
【過關檢測】
28.(2022·廣東廣州·八年級期中)Mary wanted t have a wrd with Tm. She had ________ t tell him.
A.imprtant smethingB.nthing imprtant
C.a(chǎn)nything imprtantD.smething imprtant
29.—Wuld yu like ________ t drink? It’s s ht tday.
—Great, a glass f cld cke please.
A.smething cldB.cld smethingC.a(chǎn)nything cldD.cld anything
30.(2022·廣東·深圳市高級中學八年級期中)—Is there ________ wrng with the cmputer?
— N. ________ is wrng.
A.smething; NthingB.nthing; AnythingC.a(chǎn)nything; Nthing
31.—Did yu buy anything n Duble Eleventh Festival? Things were much cheaper than usual.
—________ at all. I have n interest in nline shpping.
A.N neB.NthingC.NtD.N
32.—Tm, yu played the pian very well at the cncert. Wh taught yu?
—________. I taught myself.
A.SmebdyB.AnybdyC.NbdyD.Everybdy
33.(2022·北京市師達中學八年級期中)—Did everyne have a gd time?
—Oh, yes. ________ was excellent. We lve it s much.
A.SmethingB.NthingC.AnythingD.Everything
34.(2022·上海同濟大學附屬存志學校八年級期中)They asked him t leave—________ he was fired.
A.in ther wrdB.in anther wrdC.in ther wrdsD.in anther wrds
35.—T my great surprise, ________ f my students helps with husewrk at hme.
—That’s why Labr educatin (勞動教育) is necessary.
A.a(chǎn)llB.nneC.n neD.bth
36.(2022·廣東·廣州市第十六中學八年級期中)Is ________ in the classrm? I can’t see ________ in the playgrund.
A.smebdy; everybdyB.nbdy; everybdy
C.a(chǎn)nybdy; smebdyD.everybdy; anybdy
37.(2022·湖北省水果湖第一中學八年級期中)— Which f the tw dresses will yu take?
— I’ll take ________. One is fr my cusin and the ther is fr my sister.
A.eitherB.bthC.a(chǎn)llD.neither
38.(2022·四川·成都七中八年級期中)—Is yur friend Jack still in America?
—I dn’t knw. I have ______ infrmatin abut him because we haven’t seen each ther fr _____ years.
A.a(chǎn) little; a fewB.little; a fewC.a(chǎn) few; a little
39.Sme children are playing games and ________ are talking happily in the park.
A.thersB.therC.the therD.each ther
40.(2022·江蘇揚州·八年級期末)—Excuse me, can I take a bus t the museum?
—Srry, ________ f the buses ges there. Yu can walk there.
A.nneB.bthC.a(chǎn)llD.each
41.(2022·江蘇南通·八年級期末)There are many trees n ________ side f the street.
A.eitherB.bthC.a(chǎn)nyD.every
42.(2022·河北邯鄲·八年級期末)We have tw freign classmates. One is Tm, and ________ is David.
A.thersB.the therC.a(chǎn)ntherD.ther
43.(2022·山東日照·八年級期末)—________ des yur father play tennis after wrk?
—________ Tuesday and Thursday.
A.Hw; OnB.Hw many; Bth
C.Hw ften; EveryD.Hw much; All
44.This is an ld sng, s ________ yung peple knw abut it.
A.manyB.fewC.a(chǎn) littleD.little
45.Yu have t make sure that ___ spns f butter and __ lettuce yu need befre making the sandwich.
A.hw much; hw manyB.hw many; hw muchC.hw much; hw much
46.Nt ________ enjys sprts. But we must d sprts t stay healthy.
A.smeneB.a(chǎn)nyneC.everyneD.nbdy
47.(2022·吉林四平·八年級期末)—Wuld yu like t have ________ sandwich?
—N, thanks. That’s enugh.
A.therB.a(chǎn)ntherC.thers
48.There are tw girls in the rm. One is singing and ________ is dancing.
A.thersB.a(chǎn)ntherC.the therD.the thers
49.I was t excited t say ________ wrds after winning the ftball match.
A.smeB.a(chǎn)nyC.nD.every
50.(2022·遼寧撫順·八年級期末)My uncle has tw children. But ________ f them lives with him.
A.neitherB.eitherC.nneD.bth
51.—Where wuld yu like t g tmrrw, the East Lake r the Yellw Crane Twer?
—________ is OK fr me. It’s up t yu.
A.EitherB.BthC.NeitherD.All
52.(2022·陜西·西工大附中分校八年級期末)He felt dwn because he had ________ friends and________ mney.
A.few, littleB.a(chǎn) few, a littleC.fewer, mreD.mre, less
53.There is _________ cking il left in the bttle. Culd yu g t the supermarket and get _________?
A.a(chǎn) little; anyB.little; anyC.a(chǎn) little; smeD.little; sme
54.(2022·河北石家莊·八年級期中)—I can nly play basketball nce a week. Hw abut yu?
—Yu are lucky. I ________ play basketball.
A.a(chǎn)lwaysB.usuallyC.ftenD.hardly ever
55.Judy is warm-heated but busy, s she can nly vlunteer in the neighburhd ________.
A.seldmB.a(chǎn)lwaysC.smetimesD.never
56.(2022·山東濟南·八年級期末)— Hw ften d yu have PE at schl?
— ________, usually n Tuesday and Friday.
A.Once a weekB.Fr a weekC.Twice a weekD.A week ag
57.—Why d peple in freign cuntries ________ use umbrellas in the sun?
—Because they enjy the sunshine.
A.smetimesB.hardlyC.usuallyD.ften
58.(2021·河北·蠡縣教師發(fā)展中心八年級期末)—Ms. Yang is very ppular amng the students.
—Yes. Her classes are ________ lively(有活力的).
A.a(chǎn)lwaysB.smetimesC.hardlyD.every
59.(2021·河北石家莊·八年級期中)—Sally, hw ften d yu use the Internet?
—________.
A.TwiceB.Tw times a dayC.Twice a weekD.Tw times
60.(2021·安徽六安·八年級期中)Mike ________ runs in the mrning, because he wants t be healthy.
A.neverB.ftenC.hardlyD.seldm
含義
范圍

都不
任何一個
每一
兩者
bth
neither
Either
each
三者以上
all
Nne
any
Every
表肯定
bth, all, each, every, a little, a few
表否定
neither, nne, any, n ne, little, few
相同點
均用于兩個人或物
不同點
bth
指“兩者都”,常與and連用。作主語時,謂語動詞用復數(shù)
either
指“兩者中任意一個”,常與r連用。作主語時,謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)
neither
指“兩者中沒有一個(全否定)”,通常與nr連用,作主語時,謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)
相同點
均用于三個或三個以上的人或物
不同點
all
指“三個或三個以上的人或物的全部”。作主語時,謂語動詞用復數(shù),其反義詞為nne
any
指“三個或三個以上的人或物中的任意一個”只能作定語。
nne
指“三個或三個以上的人或物中沒有一個(全否定)”,相當于nt any
代詞
Each
Every
不同點
作形容詞或代詞,可單獨使用
僅用作定語,不可單獨使用
強調個體
強調整體
指兩者或兩者以上的人或事物中的“每一個”
指三者或三者以上的人或事物中的“每一個”
后可加f 短語
后不可加f短語
相同點
“each/every+名詞”作主語時,謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式
相同點
均可修飾可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞,表示“一些”,即不確定的數(shù)量
不同點
sme
一般用于肯定句中,也可用于表示建議或請求的疑問句中,表示說話人希望得到對方的肯定的回答。
any
多用于疑問句、否定句或條件句中,用于肯定句時表示“任何一個/一些”
肯定含義
否定含義
所修飾的名詞
a few一些,幾個
few 幾乎沒有
可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)
a little一點
little幾乎沒有
不可數(shù)名詞
不定代詞
意義
用法
ther
另外的
+復數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞,作定語,沒有范圍限制
常與many, any, sme 等詞連用修飾名詞
the ther
兩者中的另一個
其余的
+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,常與ne 連用,構成ne…,the ther…
+復數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞,作定語,有范圍限制
thers
另一些人/物
=ther +復數(shù)名詞(沒范圍限制)。不修飾名詞。習慣搭配sme…thers…
the thers
其余的人/物
=the ther+名詞復數(shù),不修飾名詞。表示“其余的全部”有范圍限制
anther
再一的,另一的
+單數(shù)名詞,表示“再一,另一個(三者或三者以上中的另一個)”
再,又(多)
Smebdy 某人
Smene 某人
Smething 某物,某事
Anybdy 任何人
Anyne 任何人
Anything 任何事物
Nbdy 沒有人
N ne 沒有人
Nthing 沒有東西
Everybdy 每人
Everyne 每人
Everything 一切

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