2025年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)知識清單（全國通用）專題03 現(xiàn)在分詞七大考點歸納(講案)原卷版

這是一份2025年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)知識清單（全國通用）專題03 現(xiàn)在分詞七大考點歸納(講案)原卷版，共9頁。
一、現(xiàn)在分詞快問快答 P2
二、現(xiàn)在分詞五年高考真題細(xì)目表 P2
考點清單一、現(xiàn)在分詞作定語用法 P3
考點清單二、現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語用法 P3
考點清單三、現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語用法 P4
考點清單四、現(xiàn)在分詞作表語用法 P5
考點清單五、現(xiàn)在分詞與狀語從句省略用法 P5
考點清單六、現(xiàn)在分詞短語作插入語用法 P5
考點清單七、現(xiàn)在分詞形式復(fù)雜化用法 P6
分層訓(xùn)練（一）現(xiàn)在分詞五年高考真題分類 P6
分層訓(xùn)練（二）現(xiàn)在分詞單句語法填空精煉 P7
分層訓(xùn)練（三）現(xiàn)在分詞助力應(yīng)用文寫作升格 P8
分層訓(xùn)練（四）現(xiàn)在分詞助力讀后續(xù)寫升格 P9
分層訓(xùn)練（五）語法填空（外刊原創(chuàng)） P9
嫦娥六號完成月球軌道交會對接與在軌樣品轉(zhuǎn)移 P9
一、現(xiàn)在分詞快問快答
Q1：什么叫現(xiàn)在分詞？
A1：現(xiàn)在分詞是非謂語動詞一種形式，基本形式為ding。
Q2：現(xiàn)在分詞能充當(dāng)什么成分？
A2：現(xiàn)在分詞在句中作表語、定語、狀語或賓語補足語。
Q3：學(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)在分詞難點在哪里？
A3：一是掌握現(xiàn)在分詞四大句法功能，二是掌握現(xiàn)在分詞和不定式、過去分詞的區(qū)別，三是現(xiàn)在分詞形式的復(fù)雜變化。
Q4：閱讀過程中遇到現(xiàn)在分詞（短語）怎么辦？
A4：利用括號法把整個現(xiàn)在分詞括起來視為一個整體來理解，這也是英語長難句分析的最簡單有效辦法。
Q5：學(xué)好現(xiàn)在分詞有什么意義？
A5：一能化繁為簡迅速提高文章閱讀能力，二能在書面表達(dá)巧妙運用現(xiàn)在分詞提升句子表達(dá)效果。
Q6：如何才能學(xué)好現(xiàn)在分詞？
A6：一是努力掌握現(xiàn)在分詞基本知識框架，二是加強(qiáng)訓(xùn)練和背誦，積少成多，學(xué)以致用。
現(xiàn)在分詞五年高考真題細(xì)目表
考點清單一、現(xiàn)在分詞作定語用法
【即時訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1. ---Wh were thse peple with the flags? ---A grup (call) the League f Peace.
2. ---Wh were thse peple with the flags? ---A grup (call) itself the League f Peace.
3. Happiness is a flwer __________ (live) in the sunshine, and it is nt difficult t reach fr it.
4. There are many accidents __________ (arise) frm alchl drinking.
5. The museum (build) nw will be pen t the public in six mnths.
6. We can take mre measures t prevent accidents __________(arise) frm carelessness.
7. The traffic rule says yung children under the age f fur and (weigh) less than 40 punds must be in a child safety seat.
8. The flwer __________(smell) sweet in the btanic garden attract the visitrs t the beauty f nature.
9. The meeting (hld) yesterday / (hld) nw / (hld) tmrrw is significant.
10. China is a ______________(develp) cuntry ______________(belng) t the Third Wrld.
考點清單二、現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語用法
【即時訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1. The plate drpped frm her hands, _______________(break) int pieces.
2. The plate drpped frm her hands, and _______________(break) int pieces.
3. _______________ (find) the curse very difficult, she decided t mve t a lwer level.
4. He was busy writing a stry, nly_______________ (stp) nce in a while t smke a cigarette.
5. ________________ (receive) the letter frm her best friend, Lucy ran twards hme excitedly.
6. _______________(eat) at the cafeteria befre, Tina didn’t want t eat there again.
7. _______________(tell) many times, he still didn’t learn these rules by heart.
8. _______________(shw) arund the factry, they were taken t visit the museum.
9. _______________ (suffer) frm heart truble fr years, Prfessr White has t take sme medicine.
10. _______________(spend) the past year as an exchange student in Hng Kng, Linda appears mre mature than thse f her age.
考點清單三、現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語用法
【即時訓(xùn)練一】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1. She returned hme, nly t find a number f things ___________________________ (steal/miss/g/lse)
2. I lked up and nticed a snake (wind) its way up the tree t catch its breakfast.
3. The missing by was last seen (play) near the East Lake.
4. When will yu g t the hspital and have yur tth (examine)?
5. Listening t music at hme is ne thing, ging t hear it _____________(perfrm) live is quite anther.
6. I heard an English sng _____________(sing) being sung by the little girl when I passed by her rm yesterday.
【即時訓(xùn)練二】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
7. With the by __________ (lead) the way, the sldiers managed t walk thrugh the frest.
8. The cuple ften take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dg (fllw) them.
9. It___________(be) Sunday, we went camping and had a nice time.
10. The party will be held in the garden, weather (permit).
11. With mre and mre frests __________ (disappear), many animals and plants are facing the danger f dying ut.
考點清單四、現(xiàn)在分詞作表語用法
【即時訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1. The stry was s __________ (mve) that all f us were __________ (mve) t tears.
2. The music they are playing sunds s__________ ( excite).
3. It is__________ (amaze) that the by is able t slve the prblem s quickly.
4. Thugh __________(surprise) t see us, the prfessr gave us a warm welcme.
考點清單五、現(xiàn)在分詞與狀語從句省略用法
【即時訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1. Thugh ____________ (surprise) t see us, the prfessr gave us a warm welcme.
2. Thugh (lack) mney, his parents managed t send him t university.
3. I culdn’t find my key t the car when (leave) hme.
4. While (wait) fr a bus, I came acrss my frmer English teacher.
5. Granny fell asleep when _____________(watch) TV.
6. While_____________(walk) alng the street, I heard my name called.
7. When _____________(ask) fr his views abut his teaching jb, Philip said he fund it very interesting and rewarding.
考點清單六、現(xiàn)在分詞短語作插入語用法
【即時訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1. _________(talk) f travel, have yu ever been t Beijing?
2. (judge) frm what he said, he must be the thief wh has stlen the car.
3. Generally ____________(speak), naughty bys like t speak in class.
4. Michael’s new huse is like a huge palace, ____________ (cmpare) with his ld ne.
考點清單七、現(xiàn)在分詞形式復(fù)雜化用法
現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式、完成式和否定式（以動詞find為例）
【即時訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1. (knw) which university t attend, the girl asked her teacher fr advice.
2._____________ (wrk) fr tw days, Steve managed t finish his reprt n schedule.
3. As the light turned green, I std fr a mment, nt _______ (mve), and asked myself what I was ging t d.
4. ____________ (lk) at my classmates’ faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.
5. ____________ (be) ill fr a lng time, he needed time t recver.
6. Wh is the wman ____________ (perate) n nw?
分層訓(xùn)練（一）現(xiàn)在分詞五年高考真題分類
考點一：考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨、時間狀語（與句子謂語動詞構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系）
1.（2023全國甲卷）“There was nce a twn in the heart f America, where all life seemed t enjy peaceful existence with is surrundings,” her fable begins, (brrw) sme familiar wrds frm many age-ld fables.
2.（2023全國乙卷） (visit) several times ver the last 10 years, I was amazed by the c-existence f ld and new, and hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage (遺產(chǎn)) while cnstantly grwing.
3.（2022新高考I卷） ___________ (cver)an area abut three times the size f Yellwstne Natinal Park, the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry.
4.（2022全國甲卷）Nw, Ca has started the secnd part f his dream t walk alng the Belt and Rad rute. He flew 4, 700 kilmeters frm Xi’an t Kashgar n seat 20, ___________ (plan) t hike back t Xi’an in five mnths.
5.（2022全國乙卷）T strengthen the cnnectin with yung peple, the event included a number f public prmtinal activities n scial media, ___________ (invite) twenty-nine tea prfessinals frm arund the wrld t have thirty-six hurs f uninterrupted live bradcasts.
6.（2021新高考II卷）I was upset t learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ___________ (think)it is fd.
7.（2021北京卷）Frm 2000 t 2019, there were 7,348 majr natural disasters arund the wrld, ___________ (result) in USD 2,970 billin in ecnmic lss.
8.（2019全國III卷）On the last day f ur week-lng stay, we were invited t attend a private cncert n a beautiful farm n the Nrth Shre under the stars, __________ (listen) t musicians and meeting interesting lcals.
9.（2019北京卷）Nervusly __________ (face) challenges, I knw I will whisper t myself the tw simple wrds “Be yurself”.
考點二：考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語（表示一個主動的、正在進(jìn)行的動作）
10.（2023新高考II卷）They talk t the fld f internatinal turists and t 40 (visit) Chinese zkeepers wh ften cme t check n the pandas, which are n lan frm China.
11.（2022新高考II卷）When he saw a yung child hanging frm a sixth-flr apartment balcny (陽臺), Henry ran ne hundred metres, jumped ver a 1.2-metre fence, and held ut his arms t catch the ___________ (fall) child.
12.（2022浙江卷）Blind peple recgnize shapes with their ___________ (exist) senses, in a way similar t that f ___________ (sight )peple, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist.
13.（2021新高考I卷）Thugh it is the nly unnatural thing n yur way up the muntain, still it highlights the whle adventure and ffers a place where yu can sit dwn t rest yur ___________ (ache) legs.
14.（2021浙江1月卷）This may be due t sme disadvantages fr peple ___________ (live) in the cuntryside, including lwer levels f incme and educatin, higher csts f healthy fds, and fewer sprts facilities.
15.（2019全國II卷）When we gt a call ___________（say）she was shrt-listed，we thught it was a jke.
考點三：考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語作賓補補足語（與句子賓語之間構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系）
16.（2023新高考I卷）N matter where I buy them, ne steamer is rarely enugh, yet tw seems greedy, s I am always left ___________ (want) mre next time.
17.（2020全國III卷）And when he saw the mists rising frm the river and the sft cluds, ___________ (surrund) the muntain tps, he was reduced t tears.
分層訓(xùn)練（二）現(xiàn)在分詞單句語法填空精煉
用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1. Later, they learned t wrk with the seasns, planting at the right time and, in dry areas, ___________ (make) use f annual flds t irrigate (灌溉) their fields.
2. Nervusly _________ (face) challenges, I knw I will whisper t myself the tw simple wrds “Be yurself”.
3. ______________(cnsider) that they are just beginners, they are ding quite a gd jb.
4. (base)an imprtant decisin mre n emtin than n reasn, yu will regret it sner r later.
5. On the last day f ur week-lng stay, we were invited t attend a private cncert n a beautiful farm n the Nrth Shre under the stars, ___________(listen)t musicians and meeting interesting lcals.
6. With n central gvernment, the island was ruled by kings, each ______________(cntrl) a different regin f the cuntry.
7. Arund 13,500 new jbs were created during the perid, ________(exceed) the expected number f 12,000 held by market analysts.
8. The manager, (make) it clear that he didn’t agree with us, left the meeting rm.
9. The natinal park has a large cllectin f wildlife,__________(range) frm butterflies t elephants.
10.Many Chinese brands,________ (develp) their reputatins ver centuries, are facing new challenges frm the mdern market.
分層訓(xùn)練（三）動名詞助力應(yīng)用文寫作升格
書面表達(dá)句式升級：請運用現(xiàn)在分詞翻譯下列各句。
1. (2023全國乙卷)另外，當(dāng)我完成一件作品，我會為自己感到自豪。(cmpleting)
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2.(2023全國甲卷)在日本學(xué)醫(yī)期間，他對中國人的歧視感到傷心，因此作出一個大膽的決定去放棄醫(yī)學(xué)尋求寫作。(studying, making)
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3. (2021新高考I卷) 聽說英語口語課上我們將要被隨機(jī)組合，我特寫信表達(dá)我的意見。(hearing)
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4. (2022全國乙卷) 然而，那些選擇閱讀英語書訪問英語網(wǎng)站的人只分別占18%和12%。(chsing)
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5. (2022全國乙卷) 根據(jù)一項調(diào)查，大部分正被調(diào)查的學(xué)生，確切地說是65%，選擇聽聽英語歌曲。(being interviewed)
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6. (2022全國甲卷) 首先，千方百計去應(yīng)對全球變暖，這已經(jīng)成為海洋動物的巨大威脅。第二，沖浪或劃船時，不要把垃圾丟進(jìn)海洋。(surfing)
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7. (2022全國甲卷) 世界海洋日，排在6月8日，目的是提高海洋保護(hù)意識。(falling)
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8. (2022新高考I卷) Talk and Talk欄目創(chuàng)立十年了。這是一個很棒的欄目，你可以和學(xué)生分享你的看法。(amazing)
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9. (2021全國乙卷) 然而，隨著越來越多的學(xué)生成為在線學(xué)習(xí)者，如何智慧學(xué)習(xí)利用好在線學(xué)習(xí)已經(jīng)引起廣泛關(guān)注。(increasing)
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10. (2020全國I卷) 我的數(shù)學(xué)老師已經(jīng)為我們學(xué)生樹立了榜樣，他完全值得我尊敬。(having set)
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分層訓(xùn)練（四）現(xiàn)在分詞助力讀后續(xù)寫升格
1. (2024浙江1月卷)隨著時間的流逝，伊娃最終在完成一英里跑步的過程中熟悉了這個巨大的迷宮。
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2. (2024浙江1月卷)作為一名大一新生，她經(jīng)常在6層樓的迷宮中迷路，這讓她非常無助。
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3. (2023新高考I卷)當(dāng)我讀到那封宣布我的文章獲得第一名的賀信時，我的心跳加速！
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4. (2023新高考I卷)淚水幾乎模糊了我的視線，我給了他一個大大的擁抱。
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5. (2023新高考I卷) “祝賀你！”我的老師驕傲地說，眼里噙滿了淚水。
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6. (2023新高考I卷)當(dāng)我走進(jìn)辦公室時，他從辦公桌上抬起頭來，臉上洋溢著自豪的笑容。
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7. (2023新高考I卷)有人叫我去參加寫作比賽的頒獎典禮，我驚訝得目瞪口呆。
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8. (2023新高考I卷)他拍了拍我的肩膀，深情地笑了笑：“最重要的是你的努力?！?br>________________________________________________________________________________________
9. (2023新高考I卷)每當(dāng)回首這件事，我都對他感激不盡。
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10. (2023新高考I卷)他緊緊地握著我的手說：“祝賀你！你是個好作家，繼續(xù)寫吧。”
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分類訓(xùn)練（五）語法填空（外刊原創(chuàng)）
Samples frm mn's far side transferred t reentry capsule
嫦娥六號上升器成功與軌返組合體完成月球軌道交會對接
The samples cllected 1 China's Chang'e 6 lunar missin frm the far side f the mn have been delivered t the reentry capsule that will later take them t Earth, accrding t the China Natinal Space Administratin.
After flying in a lunar rbit fr abut 56 hurs, the sample-laded ascender(上升器) f the Chang'e 6 prbe 2 (dck) with the rbiter-reentry capsule cmbinatin at 2:48 pm, and transferred a sealed 3 (cntain) hlding the precius lunar samples. The ascender will next depart frm the rbiter-reentry capsule cmbinatin, and the cmbinatin will cntinue rbiting the mn befre grund cntrl gives it the rder 4 (leave) lunar rbit and return t Earth.
As ne f the wrld's mst 5 (nte) space missins this year, the Chang'e is an endeavr 6 (aim) at retrieving(找回) samples frm the far side f the mn fr scientific studies.
S far, all f the lunar substances n Earth 7 (cllect) frm the near side f the mn by the United States' six Apll manned landings, the frmer Sviet Unin's three Luna rbtic missins as well as China's Chang'e 5 unmanned missin.
The landscapes and physical characteristics f the far side f the mn, 8 permanently faces away frm the Earth, are very different frm 9 f the near side that is visible. S 10 (analyze) far-side samples will help t better understand the histry f the mn and the slar system.
【新聞背景】
2024年6月6日14時48分，嫦娥六號上升器成功與軌道器和返回器組合體完成月球軌道交會對接，并于15時24分將月球樣品容器安全轉(zhuǎn)移至返回器中。這是繼嫦娥五號之后，我國航天器第二次實現(xiàn)月球軌道交會對接。后續(xù)，嫦娥六號軌道器和返回器組合體將與上升器分離，進(jìn)入環(huán)月等待階段，準(zhǔn)備擇機(jī)實施月地轉(zhuǎn)移軌道控制，經(jīng)歷月地轉(zhuǎn)移、軌道器和返回器分離等關(guān)鍵步驟后，返回器將按計劃攜帶月球樣品著陸在內(nèi)蒙古四子王旗著陸場?，F(xiàn)在分詞五年高考真題細(xì)目表
卷別
作狀語
作賓補
作定語
作表語
2023新高考I卷

wanting


2023新高考II卷


visiting

2023全國甲卷
brrwing



2023全國乙卷
Having visited



2022新高考I卷
Cvering



2022新高考II卷


falling

2022全國甲卷
planning



2022全國乙卷
inviting



2022浙江卷


existing

2021新高考II卷
thinking



2021北京卷
resulting



2019北京卷
facing



2021新高考I卷


aching

2020全國III卷

wanting


2020浙江卷

living

2019全國II卷


saying

場合
用法
示例
ding
1.表示一個主動的、正在進(jìn)行的動作;
2.單個分詞修飾名詞作前置定語；分詞短語修飾名詞作后置定語；
3.注意：having dne不能作定語；
4.measure, weigh以及belng t, date frm, cnsist f, arise frm等短語常用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作定語。
The sleeping child is nly five years ld. 正在睡覺的孩子只有五歲。
The huse belnging t her is under repair.屬于她的房子在維修。
The grup cnsisting f ten members are in charge f the pllutin prblems.由十名成員組成的小組負(fù)責(zé)污染問題。
being dne
表示一個被動的、正在進(jìn)行的動作
Did yu see that by being questined by the plice?
你看見那個男孩受到警察的盤問了嗎?
場合
用法
示例
ding
1.現(xiàn)在分詞可以作時間、原因、條件、伴隨、結(jié)果狀語，強(qiáng)調(diào)與句子主語之間主動關(guān)系;
2.現(xiàn)在分詞一般式ding表示與謂語動詞（幾乎）同時發(fā)生；
3.現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語，其邏輯主語必須與句子主語保持一致。
Seeing thse pictures, she remembered her childhd. （作時間狀語）
Being ill, he didn’t g t schl. （作原因狀語）
He sat n the sfa, watching TV. （作伴隨狀語）
Her mther died in 1990, leaving her with her yunger brther. （作結(jié)果狀語）
having dne
現(xiàn)在分詞完成式having dne則表示該動作先于謂語動作發(fā)生，句中往往有明確時間狀語暗示，如many times。
Having answered the letter, she went n t read an English nvel. 回信之后，她接著讀了一本英文小說。
場合
用法
示例
觀感使役類動詞+sb+ ding
1.巧記觀感使役類動詞--注意讓邁克聽聽看看這塊表有啥感覺(ntice, let, make, hear, listen t, see, bserve, watch, have, feel);
2.現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語，表示與賓語之間主動關(guān)系。
I culd feel the wind blwing n my face.我能感覺到風(fēng)吹著我的臉。
Dn’t have students playing in the classrm. 不要讓學(xué)生在教室里面打鬧。
He was nticed wandering alng the street at that time.當(dāng)時有人注意到他在街上徘徊。
with+名詞/代詞+ ding
1.現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語表示一個主動的、正在進(jìn)行的動作；
2.對比：該結(jié)構(gòu)中用動詞不定式表示一個將要發(fā)生的動作；用過去分詞表示一個被動動作；
3.省略with該結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楠毩⒅鞲窠Y(jié)構(gòu)。
With prices ging up s fast, we can't affrd luxuries.由于物價上漲很快, 我們買不起高檔商品.
I cycled ff dwn the rad with the dg running behind.我騎著自行車順著道路行駛,那只狗在后面跟著跑。
場合
用法
示例
現(xiàn)在分詞
作表語
現(xiàn)在分詞作表語，放在系動詞之后，說明主語的身份、性質(zhì)或情況，常翻譯為“令人……”。
The explanatin was cnfusing. I gt cnfused. 這個講解是令人費解的，我被弄糊涂了。
過去分詞
作表語
過去分詞作表語，表示“感到……”，主語多為人。
The tiger was frightening and he was t frightened t mve. 老虎很可怕，他嚇得不敢動了。
場合
用法
示例
狀語從句主語是“連接詞it is +形容詞”
1.省略主語和be動詞；
2.該從句可還原為“連接詞+it is+形容詞”。
He'll g t the seaside fr his hliday if (it is) pssible.如果可能的話，他將去海邊度假。
If accepted fr the jb，yu'll be infrmed sn.如果你被接受做這份工作，那么你很快就會收到通知。
狀語從句與主句主語一致且含有be動詞時
1.省略主語和be動詞；
2.連接詞+現(xiàn)在分詞，表示與主語之間主動關(guān)系；
3.連接詞+過去分詞表示與主語之間被動關(guān)系。
While (I was) walking alng the street，I heard my name called.
當(dāng)我沿著馬路走時，聽到有人喊我的名字。
He wn't g there with us unless (he is) invited.
除非受到邀請，否則他不會和我們一道去那里。
場合
用法
示例
frankly speaking 坦率地說 judging frm/by根據(jù)…來判斷
talking f 談到 cnsidering考慮到……
英語中一些現(xiàn)在分詞短語可以視作插入語，其邏輯主語可以與句子主語不一致。
Judging frm his lk, he is very sick. 從他的樣子判斷，他病得很重。
Cnsidering his age, he did very well. 從年齡考慮,他干得挺不錯。
內(nèi)容
主動
用法
否定式
nt finding
Nt knwing hw t d, Cindy cried ut fr help.辛迪不知道怎么辦，因此大聲求救。
一般式
finding
He strmed ut, slamming the dr. 他氣沖沖摔門而去。
被動式
being fund
We must keep a secret f the things being discussed here. 我們必須保守正在討論的事情。
完成式
having fund
Having finished all the tasks, we went t the cinema.完成所有的任務(wù)后，我們?nèi)タ戳穗娪啊薄?
完成被動式
having been fund
Having been written in haste, the bk has many mistakes. 這書因?qū)懙脗}促，所以錯誤不少。