語(yǔ)法一致原則；
語(yǔ)義一致原則；
就近原則。
知識(shí)點(diǎn)1 基本用法
注：1.不定代詞all,sme,any等作主語(yǔ)時(shí),有以下兩種情況:(1)單獨(dú)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),視其上下文或文中的意義而定。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)。(2)后接f或直接修飾名詞時(shí),其后若是不可數(shù)名詞,動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),若是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如:
All the things are in the car nw.
Nw all the fd is in the basket.
All ges well.
2.“ the number f +復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù),因其意思是“……的數(shù)量”;而“a number f+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù),因a number f 的意思是“許多,大量(≈many)”。如:
At the beginning f this year,the number f students was ver 1700 in the schl.
A number f trees were planted yesterday.
Part 2：高考真題精選
1.（2022新高考I卷）
The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that __________ (be)previusly unprtected,
2.（2022新高考I卷）
After a three-year pilt perid, the GPNP will be fficially set up next year. The GPNP __________ (design)t reflect the guiding principle f “prtecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)f natural ecsystems, preserving bilgical diversity, prtecting eclgical buffer znes, and leaving behind precius natural assets(資產(chǎn))fr future generatins”.
3（2022年浙江卷1月）
But Cbb and thers ________ （be） nw questining that idea pushing cnferences t prvide mre chances t participate remtely, and ________（change） their persnal behavir t d their part in dealing with the climate change crisis.
4.（2021.6新高考1卷 語(yǔ)法填空）
What cmes next is the endless series f steps. Yu can't help wndering hw hard it 6 (be) fr the peple then t put all thse rcks int place.
5.（2021.6全國(guó)甲卷 語(yǔ)法填空）
It 1 (build) riginally t prtect the city in the Tang dynasty and has nw been cmpletely restred（修復(fù)）.
6.（2021.6全國(guó)甲卷 改錯(cuò)）
One f the questins are: Wh will yu g in times f truble?
7.（2020·新課標(biāo) = 1 \* ROMAN I卷語(yǔ)法填空）＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brwn University, says, ＂because it 67． (mean) we have the chance t btain infrmatin abut hw the mn 68． (cnstruct) .＂
8．（2020·天津卷單項(xiàng)填空）The number f medical schls reached 18 in the early 1990s and ______ arund that level since.
A．a(chǎn)re remainingB．have remained
C．is remainingD．has remained
9.【2019·江蘇卷·單項(xiàng)填空】 22.The musician alng with his band members ___________ ten perfrmances in the last three mnths.
A. givesB. has givenC. have givenD. give
10.【2019·天津卷·單項(xiàng)填空】8.Amy, as well as her brthers, ____________ a warm welcme when returning t the village last week.
A. is givenB. are given
C. was givenD. were given
11.【2019·新課標(biāo)I卷·語(yǔ)法填空】 Of the nineteen recgnized plar bear subppulatins, three are declining, six ___70___ (be) stable, ne is increasing, and nine lack enugh data.
12.【2018·新課標(biāo)卷I·語(yǔ)法填空】While running regularly can’t make yu live frever, the review says it 64 (be) mre effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling r swimming.
13.【2018·新課標(biāo)卷II·語(yǔ)法填空】Diets have changed in China — and s t has its tp crp. Since 2011,the cuntry ___61___（grw）mre crn than rice.
14.【2017· 江蘇】24.The publicatin f Great Expectatins, which _______ bth widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading nvelist.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
15.【2017·天津卷】6. Nwadays, cycling, alng with jgging and swimming, _______ as ne f the best all-rund frms f exercise.
A. regard B. is regarded C. are regarded D. regards
語(yǔ)
法
一
致
單數(shù)名詞、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、短語(yǔ)或從句作主語(yǔ)
單數(shù)
A sheep eats grass.
The wrd means very gd.
T wrk hard is necessary.
What he said was wrng.
Air is very imprtant t us.
Teaching English carries significance.
用and 或 連接的并列主語(yǔ)
復(fù)數(shù)
He and I were classmates at that time.
Bth bread and butter are sld ut.
用and 連接的并列主語(yǔ)如指的是同一個(gè)人、同一事物(and 后的名詞沒(méi)有冠詞)或主語(yǔ)前分別有each,every,n等修飾時(shí)
單數(shù)
The girl’s teacher and friend is yung.
Bread and butter(=The bread with butter n it)is daily fd in the west.
Every by and every girl has the right t receive educatin.
不定代詞either,neither,each,nne,the ther,anther,anyne,smene,smething,everybdy,everything,nbdy等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)
單數(shù)
Each f the girls has an apple.
Smebdy is waiting fr yu at the gate.
Everything arund us is matter.
主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)時(shí),盡管后面跟有but,except,besides,as well as,with,like等連接的其他名詞
單數(shù)
She as well as her friends likes this film.
My sister,like yu and Tm,is very clever.
由a lt f/lts f/plenty f+名詞/分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)+名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),視名詞的數(shù)而定
單數(shù)
復(fù)數(shù)
Three-fifths f the water is dirty.
30 percent f them are against the plan.
意
義
一
致
表示復(fù)數(shù)意義的名詞,peple,plice等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)
復(fù)數(shù)
Peple are talking abut the news.
The plice haven’t arrived.
有些集體名詞family,class,grup,team等作主語(yǔ)時(shí),若看作一個(gè)整體,謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù);若視為每一個(gè)成員,謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)
視具體情況而定
His family has mved t Shanghai.
His family are all fnd f music.
Their class is very big.
The class are waiting fr a new teacher.
wh ,what ,which ,all ,mre ,mst ,sme,any ,half ,nne ,the rest等作主語(yǔ)
視情況而定
Wh is a dctr?
Wh are league members?
Mst f them are yung men.
Mst f the water is dirty.
表示時(shí)間、距離、重量、數(shù)字、錢等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作整體看待時(shí)
單數(shù)
Thirty years is nt a lng time.
Five dllars is quite enugh.
以-ics結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名詞如plitics,maths及news屬形復(fù)意單名詞,及書(shū)報(bào)名、國(guó)名等復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)
單數(shù)
Physics seems t be difficult t me.
The United States is a develped cuntry.
就
近
一
致
用r,,,nt als 等連接的并列主語(yǔ)
與靠近的
主語(yǔ)一致
Either yu r I am wrng.
Nt nly we but als the teachers are wrng.
由there或here引起的句子,主語(yǔ)又不止一個(gè),其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常和鄰近的那個(gè)主語(yǔ)一致
與第一個(gè)
主語(yǔ)一致
There is a pen and sme bks n the desk.
There are sme bks and a piece f paper n the desk.

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