
1. 動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)是初中英語的一個重要語法項目,也是各地中考試題的一個考查熱點。
2. 綜合分析歷年全國各地中考試題,中考主要考查一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、現(xiàn)在完成時、現(xiàn)在進行時、一般將來時、過去完成時以及各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)的構成及用法。
3. 測試重點放在根據(jù)特定語言環(huán)境區(qū)別使用一般現(xiàn)在時,一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時;一般現(xiàn)在時(過去時)與現(xiàn)在(過去)進行時;特定的時間狀語中時態(tài)的使用;結(jié)合所獲得的語言知識確定正確時態(tài)的能力等。綜上所述,動詞的時態(tài)在中考測試中的地位非常重要。
思維導圖
解題技巧
1. 判斷語態(tài)
相對于時態(tài)而言,語態(tài)更好判斷一些。英語中的語態(tài)共兩種:主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。多數(shù)題型是四個選項中主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)各占一半,如果首先判斷出語態(tài),排除了主動語態(tài)的選項或含有被動語態(tài)的選項,那么該題目的正確率可以達到50%。另外,通過語義表達,學生是不難判斷出該句子的主語發(fā)出的動作表達的是主動含義還是被動含義。
2. 看時間狀語或標志詞
不同的時態(tài)對應的時間狀語是不同的。一般現(xiàn)在時的時間狀語有:表頻率的時間狀語(頻度副詞或介詞短語);一般過去時的時間狀語有:last week; a mment ag; in 1980; yesterday等等表過去的某時間;一般將來時的時間狀語有:tmrrw, next year, next week, tw days later等等表將來的時間;現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語有:s far, up t nw, fr+時間段, since+時間點,ver/in the past/last few years/mnths…等等;過去完成時的時間狀語有:befre+過去的時間, by+過去的時間等;現(xiàn)在進行時的時間狀語有:nw, at the mment等;過去進行時的時間狀語有:at this time yesterday, at 8:00 this mrning等過去某一時間點。記住和不同時態(tài)一起搭配的時間狀語,有助于我們提高做題的正確率。
3. 看復合句中的其他句子的謂語動詞
比較該動詞和要填的動詞發(fā)生的時間先后,可以判斷出要填的謂語動詞是發(fā)生在現(xiàn)在、將來、過去,還是過去的過去等等。
4. 固定句型
This/It is/was the first/secnd…that從句,從句用現(xiàn)在完成時或過去完成時;hardly/rarely/scarcely+過去完成時+when+一般過去時;n sner+過去完成時+than+一般過去時;While引導的句子用一般時或進行時;when引導的句子用一般時。
5. 語法歸納
在時間、條件和讓步狀語從句中用主將從現(xiàn)(主句用將來時,從句用現(xiàn)在時);主情從現(xiàn)(主句出現(xiàn)情態(tài)動詞,從句用現(xiàn)在時);主祈從現(xiàn)(主句是祈使句,從句用現(xiàn)在時);含有賓語從句的復合句,時態(tài)的歸納。主過從必過(主句時態(tài)是過去時,從句時態(tài)也用過去的某種時態(tài));主現(xiàn)從不限(主句時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時,從句時態(tài)沒有限制);真理永不變(客觀事實和普遍真理賓語從句永遠用一般現(xiàn)在時)。
知識梳理
知識點一: 1.對一般現(xiàn)在時考查
【知識梳理1】基本概念;
一般現(xiàn)在時通常表示習慣性的、反復發(fā)生的動作。通常與表示頻度的副詞如 ften, smetimes, usually, always, ccasinally 等和時間狀語如 in the evening, at night, twice a mnth, every day / week / mnth / year, n Sundays 等連用。一般現(xiàn)在時可表示主語的特征、能力或狀態(tài)以及普遍真理。
【知識梳理2】 對主將從現(xiàn)的考查:
在由 when, after, befre, until, till, as sn as, the minute / secnd / mment, the next time 等引導的時間狀語中或由 if, s / as lng as, nce, even if, althugh, whether…r…, in case, whatever, whenever, wherever 等引導的條件狀語從句中,通常用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時
變化:
be動詞的變化:
否定句:主語+ be + nt +其它。 如:He is nt a wrker.他不是工人。
一般疑問句:Be +主語+其它。 如:----Are yu a student?
----Yes. I am. / N, I'm nt.
特殊疑問句:疑問詞+一般疑問句。如:-----Where is my bk?
-----It is n the table.
2.行為動詞的變化。
否定句:主語+ dn't( desn't ) +動詞原形(+其它)。 如:I dn't like bread.
當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時,要用desn't構成否定句。 如:He desn't ften play.
一般疑問句:D( Des ) +主語+動詞原形+其它。
如:---- D yu ften play ftball? ---- Yes, I d. / N, I dn't.
當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時,要用des構成一般疑問句。 如:---- Des she g t wrk by bike?
---- Yes, she des. / N, she desn't.
特殊疑問句:疑問詞+一般疑問句。 如:Hw des yur father g t wrk?
知識點二:對一般過去時的考查
【知識梳理1】
基本概念:表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間內(nèi)所發(fā)生的動作或情況,通常一般過去式帶有表示動作時間狀語的詞,詞組或從句,如 yesterday, the day befre last, last week, tw days ag, at that time, then, at that mment, yesterday, yesterday mrning (afternn, evening…), last night (week, mnth, year…), 一段時間 + ag(several days ag), tw days ag, a week ag, three years ag, in 1990, just nw, lng befre, lng lng ag. 等,上下文清楚時可以不帶時間狀語。
構成及變化:
1.規(guī)則動詞:
1)Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化:
am 和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣as(was nt=wasn’t);are在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣ere。(were nt=weren’t);帶有was或were的句子,其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣,即否定句在was或were后加nt,一般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到句首。
2)行為動詞的變化:
否定句:didn’t +動詞原形,如:Jim didn’t g hme yesterday.
一般疑問句:在句首加did,句子中的動詞過去式變回原形。如:Did Jim g hme yesterday?
特殊疑問句:⑴疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形? 如: What did Jim d yesterday?
注意:疑問詞當主語時:疑問詞+動詞過去式? 如:Wh went t hme yesterday?
3)規(guī)則動詞的變化規(guī)則:
1.一般在動詞末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, ck-cked
2.結(jié)尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted
3.末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié),應雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加-ed,
如:stp-stpped;
4. 以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的,變y為i, 再加-ed,如:study-studied
知識點三:對一般將來時的考查
【知識梳理1】
基本概念:表示將來的動作或狀態(tài) . 與時間狀語:tmrrw, next day(week, mnth, year…),sn, the day after tmrrw(后天)等連用。
【知識梳理2】
主將從現(xiàn)的考察:
在 由 when, after, befre, until, till, as sn as, the minute / secnd / mment, the next time 等引導的時間狀語中或由 if, s / as lng as, nce, even if, althugh, whether…r…, in case, whatever, whenever, wherever 等引導的條件狀語從句中,通常用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。
常見結(jié)構
. “be ging t+動詞原形”結(jié)構用來表示按照主觀意圖打算或按計劃,安排將要做的事,有“打算、就要”的意思。也常用于表示從跡象上表明將要發(fā)生的事情,多指個人主觀臆斷的推測。
如:Lk at the cluds. It’s ging t rain. 看這些云,要下雨了。
2). “shall或will+動詞原形”指對將來事物近期或遠期的預見,表達個人主觀意圖以及征求對方意見或表示客氣的邀請。在書面語中,shall多用于第一人稱;在口語中,will可以用于任何人稱。
如:I shall/will shw my phts t yu next Mnday. 我下周一給你看我的照片。
知識點四:對過去將來時的考查
【知識梳理1】
基本概念:過去將要做的事情。
【知識梳理2】對過去將來時wuld +d;was/ were +ging t d和常見用在過去將來中的謂語動詞prmised 承諾,predict 預測等的考查。
知識點五:現(xiàn)在進行時
【知識梳理1】
基本概念:表示說話者說話時正在發(fā)生的動作或者目前一段時間內(nèi)正在進行的動作(但說話時這個動作不一定在進行)
【知識梳理2】
時間狀語:nw ,right nw, at the mment等。常用lk!…listen!…等開頭,強調(diào)某人正在做某事。但很多題目在考察進行時態(tài)時沒有明確的時間狀語,需要學生自己去理解。
一、現(xiàn)在進行時的幾種形態(tài)變化:
1.現(xiàn)在進行時的否定句在be后加nt。
2.現(xiàn)在進行時的一般疑問句把be動詞調(diào)到句首。
3.現(xiàn)在進行時的特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構為:疑問詞+ be + 主語 + 動詞ing?
如:What are yu ding nw?
但疑問詞當主語時,即劃線部分是主語時,其結(jié)構為:疑問詞 + be + 動詞ing?
如:Wh is singing utside the dr?
二、動詞加ing的變化規(guī)則
1.一般情況下,直接加ing,如:ck-cking
2.以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting
3.如果末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母,且是重讀閉音節(jié),雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加ing,
如:run-running, stp-stpping
知識點六:過去進行時
【知識梳理1】
基本概念:表示在過去某一時刻或某一段時間內(nèi)進行或發(fā)生的動作。
【知識梳理2】
時間狀語:this time yesterday;at eleven yesterday mrning(具體到過去的某一時間點)at that time等。
【知識梳理3】
??键c:when A did sth. B was ding sth. else.當某人做某事的時候,另一個人正在做另一件事。
知識點七:現(xiàn)在完成時
【知識梳理1】
基本概念:表示過去所發(fā)生的動作或事情對現(xiàn)在的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,并且還有可能持續(xù)下去,著眼點在現(xiàn)在。
【知識梳理2】時間狀語:現(xiàn)在完成時時常與不確定的過去時間狀語連用。連用的時間狀語都較模糊,如:in/ver/during/fr the past few years/mnths/weeks/days, these days, s far, up t nw, since, fr,ever since, since then, by this time, in / ver the past few years, “since + 過去某一時刻”,“fr + 時間段”等。
【知識梳理3】
??键c:表示“第幾次做某事,”或在 “It is the best (wrst, mst interesting ) +名詞+that” 后面用現(xiàn)在完成時。
1. 表示過去發(fā)生或完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。
如Have yu read that stry?你讀過那個故事嗎?
(“讀”這一動作發(fā)生在過去,對現(xiàn)在造成的影響是:是否知道故事的內(nèi)容。)
I have bught tw apples.我買了兩個蘋果。
(“買”這一動作發(fā)生在過去,對現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是:擁有兩個蘋果。)
在學習這一概念的同時,還應注意常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用的幾個副詞:already,just,ever,yet,never等。already,just多用于肯定句中,ever,yet,never多用于疑問句和否定句中。
如: I have already finished my hmewrk.我已經(jīng)做完家庭作業(yè)了。
He has just had his meal.他剛吃過飯。
Have yu ever sung this English sng?你曾唱過這首英文歌嗎?
They haven't started yet.他們還沒有動身。
2. 表示過去已經(jīng)開始,一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。
①因為表示的是持續(xù)的動作或狀態(tài),所以使用的動詞通常是延續(xù)性動詞:be, stay, study, wait, keep, have… 等;
②使用的時間狀語通常由fr或since 引導,但二者后接的詞有所不同:
fr后常跟一個時間段,指某個動作到現(xiàn)在為止已持續(xù)了多長時間。
如:fr three years, fr half an hur等。
since后面接一個時間點,如since 1980,也可以接“一段時間+ag”
如: since three years ag, since tw mnths ag等。
since 還可用作連詞,引導一個過去時態(tài)的時間狀語從句。
如:We have knwn each ther since we went t cllege.
③非延續(xù)性動詞不能直接和fr 或since 連用,但我們可以找一個相應的延續(xù)性動詞或動詞短語來替換這些非延續(xù)性動詞,
3.過去分詞的構成
規(guī)則動詞:
規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞的構成規(guī)則與規(guī)則動詞的過去式的構成規(guī)則相同。四點變化規(guī)則:
⑴、一般動詞,在詞尾直接加“ ed ”
wrk---wrked---wrked ,visit---visited---visited
⑵、以“ e ”結(jié)尾的動詞,只在詞尾加“ d ”
lived---lived---lived ,
⑶、以“輔音字母 + y ”結(jié)尾的動詞,將 "y" 變?yōu)?"i" ,再加“ ed ”
study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried ,
play---played---played ,stay---stayed---stayed
⑷、重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾,末尾只有一個輔音字母,先雙寫該輔音字母,再加“ ed ”
stp---stpped---stpped , drp---drpped--drpped
不規(guī)則動詞:
不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞要特別牢記,詳見不規(guī)則動詞表
4現(xiàn)在完成時的句式變化
1.肯定句式
現(xiàn)在完成時的肯定句式是“have(has)+dne ”。如:
① We have just finished ur hmewrk. ② She has gne hme.
2.疑問句式
現(xiàn)在完成時的一般疑問句式是把助動詞have或has提到主語之前。如:
③ Have yu read this stry bk yet?
特殊疑問句及反意疑問句結(jié)構如下:
④ What have yu dne with my bike?
⑤ Yu've read this stry bk, haven't yu?
注意:1)現(xiàn)在完成時的一般疑問句往往在句末加yet。
2)把現(xiàn)在完成時的一般疑問句譯成漢語時,往往譯成“……過嗎?”、“已經(jīng)……了嗎?”等。
3)其肯定回答用“Yes,...have(has).”,否定回答用“N,...haven't(hasn't).”,有時用“N,nt yet.”或“N,never.”。
3.否定句式
現(xiàn)在完成時的否定句式是“haven't(hasn't)+過去分詞”。如:
⑥ We haven't studied Unit 2 yet.
⑦ The train hasn't stpped yet.
注意:1)現(xiàn)在完成時的否定句句末往往加yet。
2)否定句常譯為“還沒有……”等。
5常用于現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語
除了我們講過的already, yet, still,just, ever, never, since短語和 fr短語外,還有許多時間狀語常用于現(xiàn)在完成時,我們要留心將它們和一般過去時的時間狀語區(qū)分開來:
1. lately, recently是完成時的時間狀語;just nw 有a mment ag 之意,是過去時的時間狀語。如:
Have yu heard frm yur family lately/recently? Did yu see Jan just nw?
2. in the past few years 意思是“過去幾年來”,常用于完成時中;in the past意思是“在過去”,常用于過去時中。 如:
Great changes have taken place in my hmetwn in the past few years.
Where did yu wrk in the past?
3. ever since then與frm then n / after that 都有“打那以后”之意,但前者常用于完成時,而后兩者常用于過去時。如:
She's lived here ever since then.
I didn't hear f Jim frm then n/after that.
4. befre 通常用于完成時;通常用于過去時。如:
I have never been t Japan befre. She went t Japan tw years ag.
5. s far“到目前為止”, these days“這些天來”也是現(xiàn)在完成時常見的時間狀語。如:
S far, n man has travelled farther than the mn. What have yu dne these days?
6終止性動詞與延緩性動詞的用法區(qū)別
動詞按其動作發(fā)生的方式、發(fā)生過程的長短可分為延續(xù)性動詞與非延續(xù)性動詞。
1..延續(xù)性動詞表示能夠延續(xù)的動作,如:learn, wrk, stand, lie, knw, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延續(xù)性動詞可以與表示時間段的狀語連用。
表示時間段的短語有:
fr+一段時間, 如:fr 2 years;
since從句,since he came here;
since+時間點名詞,since last year, since 5 days ag;
hw lng; fr a lng time等。
例:He has lived here fr 6 years.
Yu can keep the bk fr 5 days.
I stayed there fr 2 weeks last year.
Hw lng did yu stay there last year?
2..非延續(xù)性動詞也稱終止性動詞、瞬間動詞,表示不能延續(xù)的動作,這種動作發(fā)生后立即結(jié)束。 如:pen, die, clse, begin, finish, cme, g, mve, brrw, lend, buy等。
非延續(xù)性動詞在肯定句中與表示時間點的狀語連用,如:tw years ag; at 5 'clck;
例:He died 5 years ag.
否定的終止性動詞可以與表示時間段的時間狀語連用。
例:I haven't left here fr 3 years. I haven't heard frm him fr 3 weeks.
3.延續(xù)性動詞與非延續(xù)性動詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換:非延續(xù)性動詞不能直接和fr 或since 連用,但我們可以找一個相應的延續(xù)性動詞或動詞短語來替換這些非延續(xù)性動詞,
如 : cme →be, cme t →be in / at, g ut→ be ut, leave →be away,
begin →be n, stp→ be ver, buy→ have, brrw→ keep,
pen →be pen, clse →be clsed, jin →be a member f, put n→ wear
die →be dead, catch a cld →have a cld, get t knw →knw,
fall asleep →be asleep, fall ill→ be ill becme a teacher →be a teacher,
finish --- be ver, pen sth --- keep sth pen,
7、since的四種用法
1) since +過去一個時間點 (如具體的年、月、日期、鐘點、1980, last mnth, half past six)。
I have been here since 1989.
My aunt has wrked in a clinic since 1949.
2) since +一段時間+ ag
I have been here since five mnths ag.
3) since +從句(從句通常用一般過去時,而主句一般用現(xiàn)在完成時)
Great changes have taken place since yu left.
I have knwn Xia Li since she was a little girl.
It is (has been)+一段時間+ since從句
It is tw years since I became a pstgraduate student.
被動語態(tài)的特殊情況
1. 不能用被動語態(tài)的幾種情況:
(1)所有的不及物動詞或不及物動詞詞組不能用于被動語態(tài)。
(2)表示狀態(tài)的謂語動詞,如:last、hld、benefit、cntain、equal、fit等。
(3)表示歸屬的動詞,如have、wn、belng t等。
(4)表示"希望、意圖"的動詞,如:wish、want、hpe、like、lve、hate等。
(5)賓語是反身代詞或相互代詞時謂語動詞用主動語態(tài),不能用被動語態(tài)。
2. 主動形式表被動意義的情況:
(1)系動詞沒有被動形式,但有些表示感受、感官的連系動詞feel,sund,taste,bk,feel等在主系表結(jié)構中常以主動形式表示被動意義。
(2)當cut,sell,read,write,fill,ck,lck,wash,drive,keep等詞帶狀語修飾語時。
(3)當break ut、take place、shut ff、turn ff、wrk ut等動詞詞組表示"發(fā)生、關閉、制定"等意思時。
(4)want,require,need后面的動名詞用主動表示被動含義。
(5)be wrth ding用主動形式表示被動含義。
(6)在"be + 形容詞 + t d"中,不定式的邏輯賓語是句子的主語,用主動代被動。
另外:be t blame(受譴責),be t rent(出租)也用主動形式表被動。
選擇填空
1.(2024·甘肅武威·一模)—D yu need mre time t cmplete the task?
—Yes. Anther tw days _________ enugh.
A.isB.wasC.a(chǎn)reD.were
2.(2024·黑龍江哈爾濱·一模)—It mre than three years since yu came t middle schl.
—Yes, I’ll never frget the enjyable in my memry.
A.a(chǎn)re; feelingB.is; experiencesC.has been; exercises
3.(2024·江西九江·一模)—What’s yur parents’ pinin abut playing phne games?
—They think it’s bad fr my health. They always ________ me frm playing them.
A.have preventedB.prevented
C.preventD.were preventing
4.(2024·天津紅橋·一模)Bill ___________ alng with Miss He n the playgrund every mrning.
A.has runB.is runningC.runsD.ran
5.(2024·上海崇明·一模)The students ________ as vlunteers in the nursing hme after schl every Friday.
A.have wrkedB.wrksC.a(chǎn)re wrkingD.wrk
6.(2024·湖南長沙·一模)Last week I ________ t Beijing Park with my classmates, and we had a gd time.
A.gB.wentC.was gingD.has gne
7.(2024·云南昆明·一模)—______ Tina and Tim ______ the beautiful sights arund Dian Lake?
—Yes, they did.
A.Has; enjyedB.Have; enjyedC.D; enjyD.Did; enjy
8.(2024·黑龍江哈爾濱·一模)When I was a child, my father ften gave me a ________ and ________me up.
A.hug, liftedB.hugged, liftC.hugged, lifted
9.(2024·黑龍江哈爾濱·一模)—There ________ many peple thrwing rubbish freely befre, but few peple d this nw.
—________ gd news! Our envirnment becmes cleaner.
A.was used t being, What a
B.used t be, What
C.used t have, What
10.(2024·安徽宿州·一模)—Did yu find my lst keys?
—Yes, I ________ them under the sfa. Here yu g!
A.fundB.will findC.a(chǎn)m findingD.was finding
11.(2024·陜西西安·一模)—Lucy used t get up late, ________she?
—Yes. But nw she’s used t________up early.
A.didn’t; getB.didn’t; getting
C.did; getD.did; getting
12.(2024·天津濱海新·一模)—What’s the matter with yu? Yu lk s pale.
—I didn’t get t sleep last night. I ________ fr my maths test all night.
A.studiedB.studyC.have studiedD.had studied
13.(2024·黑龍江哈爾濱·一模)—Excuse me, culd yu please tell me ________? I want t g shpping with yu.
—Maybe next Saturday afternn.
A.when are yu ging t Wanda Mall
B.when yu went t Wanda Mall
C.when yu are ging t Wanda Mall
14.(2024·云南昆明·一模)I ______ t Shangri-la n the high-speed railway next summer vacatin.
A.travelB.traveledC.was travelingD.will travel
15.(2024·廣西賀州·一模)—What’s yur plan fr the winter hliday?
—I ________ my father wrk in the restaurant.
A.a(chǎn)m helpingB.will helpC.have helped
16.(2024·陜西西安·三模)There ________ a number f sprts events in ur schl next mnth. We can’t wait ________ them.
A.will have; t see B.will be; t seeC.will have; seeingD.will be; seeing
17.(2024·四川涼山·一模)—May I speak t Linda?
—Srry, Linda ______ t Shanghai n business. She ______ back in tw days.
A.has been; will cmeB.has gne; cmesC.has gne: will cme
18.(2024·黑龍江哈爾濱·一模)—Excuse me, d yu knw when Tm ________ hme tmrrw?
—Srry, I dn’t knw. When he ________ hme, I will tell him t call yu back.
A.will return; will getB.returns; will getC.will return; gets
19.(2024·吉林四平·一模)—Wuld yu mind telling me if he ________ the meeting tmrrw?
—He wn’t, unless he ________.
A.will attend; is invitedB.a(chǎn)ttends; will be invitedC.will attend; invites
20.(2024·河北石家莊·一模)I ________ yu my drawing after I have finished it.
A.shwB.shwedC.will shwD.a(chǎn)m shwing
21.(2024·安徽合肥·一模)—What are these ptates used fr?
—We ________ them n the mini-farm after schl tday. Cme and jin us.
A.plantB.will plantC.was plantingD.have planted
22.(2024·黑龍江齊齊哈爾·一模)I ften hear him ________ in the rm. Listen! He ________ in the rm.
A.singing; singingB.sing; singingC.sing; is singing
23.(2024·吉林·一模)One expert and ne scientist ________ cming t speak t us abut science and technlgy tmrrw.
A.isB.a(chǎn)reC.were
24.(2024·河北石家莊·一模)—Smene is ringing the bell. Can yu pen the dr, Tm?
—Wait a secnd, mm. I ________ my hands.
A.was washingB.a(chǎn)m washingC.washedD.wash
25.(2024·廣西南寧·一模)—Ww! Lk! There are s many peple.
—Yes. They ________ the pster f the art shw.
A.enjyedB.a(chǎn)re enjyingC.have enjyed
26.(2024·河北石家莊·一模)Dn’t take the bk away. I ________ it.
A.readB.have readC.was readingD.a(chǎn)m reading
27.(2024·安徽合肥·一模)—Jim, culd yu help me send a bk t Mr. Smith?
—Srry, nt right nw. I ________ fr the infrmatin fr my paper.
A.searchB.have searchedC.a(chǎn)m searchingD.searched
28.(2024·廣西·一模)—Jhn, shall we g ut fr a walk? —Wait a minute. I ________ my shes.
A.a(chǎn)m washingB.was washingC.have washed
29.(2024·河北石家莊·一模)Ben is nt here. He _________ fr the cming Art Festival in the music rm.
A.practicesB.practicedC.bas practicedD.is practicing
30.(2024·甘肅酒泉·一模)Tim Ck called his mther every week even while he ________ arund the wrld.
A.travelsB.traveledC.is travelingD.was traveling
31.(2024·甘肅武威·一模)—Culd yu tell me where yu fund Mark just nw?
—Certainly. In the schl playgrund. He ____ happily with his classmates at that time.
A.is playingB.has playedC.was playingD.had played
32.(2024·江蘇宿遷·一模)—Why didn’t yu answer my phne just nw?
—Srry, I ________ fr sme gd TV shws that are wrth watching nline.
A.a(chǎn)m searchingB.have searchedC.was searchingD.searched
33.(2024·福建漳州·一模)—What was the nise just nw?
—Oh, sme wrkers ________ the air cnditiner.
A.a(chǎn)re repairingB.will repairC.were repairing
34.(2024·河北承德·一模)I wasn’t at hme when yu rang me. I ________ my dg utside.
A.walkB.walkedC.a(chǎn)m walkingD.was walking
35.(2024·河北邢臺·一模)Tny called his mther every week even while he ______ arund the wrld.
A.was travellingB.travelledC.travelsD.is travelling
36.(2024·河北石家莊·一模)Tny called his mther every week even while he __________ arund the wrld.
A.is travellingB.travelsC.travelledD.was travelling
37.(2024·黑龍江哈爾濱·一模)I ________ China fr three mnths and this is the first time I’ve tried n hanfu.
A.have gne tB.have been tC.have been in
38.(2024·安徽滁州·一模)There ________ a great number f visitrs in this science museum in the last five years.
A.wasB.wereC.has beenD.have been
39.(2024·黑龍江哈爾濱·一模)—Did Jim and Mary get married?
—Yes. They ________fr three years.
A.marriedB.have gt marriedC.have been married
40.(2024·甘肅武威·一模)Great changes ________ in my hmetwn in the last few years.
A.tk placeB.will take placeC.have taken placeD.have been taken place
41.(2024·甘肅武威·一模)Her grandma ________ fr five years.
A.has been deadB.has diedC.diedD.had died
42.(2024·江蘇揚州·一模)—Where is yur sn Jimmy wrking nw?
—He ________ the city f Beijing, China fr tw years.
A.has gne tB.has been tC.was inD.has been in
43.(2024·天津濱海新·一模)Miss Li ________ baduanjin fr 2 years and she is in excellent cnditin.
A.playedB.will playC.has playedD.was playing
44.(2024·陜西西安·三模)His pet dg ________ fr many years and the ________ f the dg made her very sad.
A.has died; dyingB.has died; deathC.has been dead; dyingD.has been dead; death
45.(2024·甘肅酒泉·一模)—Mmm ..., s delicius. What is it?
—It ________ jiazi, ne f the Chinese traditinal dumplings in Nrth China.
A.callsB.is calledC.calledD.was called
46.(2024·江蘇連云港·一模)If Kitty _________ anther 30 minutes, she will finish the painting.
A.will giveB.will be givenC.is givenD.gives
47.(2024·安徽滁州·一模)—I hear that children in this area ________ in lcal primary schls, but their secndary educatin is at hme.
—Really? That’s amazing.
A.educateB.educatedC.will educateD.a(chǎn)re educated
48.(2024·甘肅武威·一模)China’s ht wrds, like tuha, dama, _________ in the western media.
A.use widelyB.is widely used
C.a(chǎn)re widely usedD.uses widely
49.(2024·天津濱海新·一模)The park is getting mre and mre beautiful because mst kinds f flwers ________ every year.
A.a(chǎn)re plantedB.plant
C.plantedD.have been planted
50.(2024·廣西河池·二模)The garden is mre and mre beautiful because many flwers ________ every year.
A.a(chǎn)re plantedB.plantedC.were planting
51.(2024·甘肅武威·一模)Annie ________ t the party last night. She had a wnderful time with us.
A.invitesB.is invitedC.was invitedD.has invited
52.(2024·吉林·一模)Paper ________ in ancient China mre than 2,000 years ag.
A.is inventedB.was inventedC.invented
53.(2024·安徽宿州·一模)It’s said that paper cutting ________ fr the first time abut 1,500 years ag.
A.inventsB.inventedC.is inventedD.was invented
54.(2024·四川自貢·一模)Paper ______ first ______ abut tw thusand years ag in China by Cai Lun.
A.was; inventedB.is; inventedC.has; invented
55.(2024·河北承德·一模)An English speech ________ t children last week.
A.gaveB.giveC.is givenD.was given
56.(2024·重慶沙坪壩·一模)A talk n envirnment ________ in ur schl next Sunday.
A.will giveB.has given
C.has been givenD.will be given
57.(2024·甘肅武威·一模)Natinal Day celebratins ________ in abut three mnths.
A.will be heldB.will hldC.is heldD.was held
58.(2024·安徽滁州·一模)T make students realize the imprtance f green life, sme activities n envirnmental prtectin ________ next term.
A.a(chǎn)ddedB.a(chǎn)re addedC.were addedD.will be added
59.(2024·天津濱海新·一模)A new library _________ in ur schl next year.
A.will buildB.will be builtC.buildD.a(chǎn)re built
60.(2024·四川涼山·一模)It’s said that a bird-friendly garden ______ in ur twn next year.
A.has been builtB.will buildC.will be built
61.(2024·安徽宿州·一模)A new library ________ next t the sprts center in tw mnths.
A.has builtB.is buildingC.was builtD.will be built
62.(2022·河北保定·模擬預測)A new schl ________ here.The lcal gvernment hpes t finish it next year.
A.is builtB.was built
C.has been builtD.is being built
63.(2022·江蘇連云港·二模)—Peter gt seriusly ________ in the car accident last week.
—Yes, he did. And he is ________ in the hspital nw.
A.was hurt; taken gd careB.was hurt; taken gd care f
C.hurt; being taken gd care fD.hurt; taken gd care
64.(2024·甘肅平?jīng)觥ひ荒#㏄aper ________ the fibres f plants fr many years.
A.was made intB.have been made ut f
C.made up fD.has been made frm
65.(2023·安徽·模擬預測)—When will ur schl hld a sprts meeting this term?
—It’s a pity. Accrding t the schl’s decisin, it ________ because f the awful weather.
A.will be canceledB.will cancelC.canceledD.has been canceled
66.(2024·甘肅武威·一模)The last part f the article can’t be _________ because it shws the ending f the stry.
A.cut upB.cut dwnC.cut utD.cut ff
67.(2024·福建漳州·一模)Teenagers shuld ________ t ask fr help in a prper way when they have truble.
A.encurageB.be encuragedC.be encuraging
68.(2023·四川達州·二模)I dn’t knw when the sprts meeting ________. When it ________, I will watch the players all the time.
A.is held; takes placeB.will take place; is heldC.will be held; will take place
69.(2024·江蘇無錫·一模)It ________ Jia Ling has becme ne f the mst successful female directrs.
A.is turned utB.turns utC.is carried utD.carries ut
70.(2023·浙江·模擬預測)I will shw yu the phts ________ in Beijing by the time they ________.
A.taken; cme utB.were taken; are cme ut
C.were taken; will cme utD.taken; are cme ut
時態(tài)及形式
用法
例句
常用時間狀語
一般現(xiàn)在時
動詞be(am/is/are)
行為動詞
第三人稱單數(shù)做主語時,動詞用單三,其余用動原(+s/s,x,,ch,sh+es/輔音字母+y結(jié)尾,變y為i+es)
1)表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)
2)表示主語的特征、性格和能力
3)表示客觀事實或普遍真理;
4)在時間或條件狀語從句中,代替一般將來時
5)用在劇本、新聞標題、動作解說、戲劇描繪中
1)We get up at 6 every mrning.
2) She studies very hard.
3) The teacher tld us that the earth mves rund the sun.
4) I’ll let yu knw as sn as he telephnes me.
5) Here cmes the bus.
6)The meeting is at 2:00 p.m.
7)Mre Teenagers Try Cigarettes.
every day;
nce a week;
always/usually/ften
/smetimes/seldm/
never;
時態(tài)及形式
用法
例句
常用時間狀語
2.一般過去時
1)動詞be(was/were)
2)行為動詞的過去式(+ed/+d/雙寫+ed/改y為i+ed/不規(guī)則變化)
1)表示過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)
2)表示過去經(jīng)?;蚍磸桶l(fā)生的動作
1)I saw him yesterday.
2) He said he wuldn’t cme if it rained the next day.
3)I hped yu culd give us sme help.
4)When I was a by, I ften went t play in that park.
yesterday;
just nw;
last year;
three days ag;
in 1998;
when+從句...
時態(tài)及形式
用法
例句
常用時間狀語
3.一般將來時
1)shall/will d (shall用于第一人稱,美國英語中所有人稱都用will)
2)am/is/are ging t d
1)表示將要發(fā)生的動作或情況
表示一種傾向或習慣性動作
3)表示打算做某事, 表示安排好的事/即將發(fā)生的事
1)We shall/will g t Beijing tmrrw.
2) Fish will die withut water.
3) I’m ging t learn the French.
4) The children are t learn English next week.
tmrrw;
next week;
sn;
tnight;
this evening/weekend
in a few days;
frm nw n;
when + 從句...
時態(tài)及形式
用法
例句
常用時間狀語
4.過去將來時
1)shuld/wuld d(用法同一般將來時)
2)was/were ging t d
1) 表示過去預計將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)
2)表示過去習慣性動作
3)表示在過去某一時間對將來的打算
1)He wanted t knw when the meeting wuld begin.
2)Whenever he had time, he wuld help them in their wrk.
3) N ne knew when he was ging t cme.
常用在主句是一般過去時后的賓語從句中;
the next day/mrning, year…,the fllwing mnth/week…
時態(tài)及形式
用法
例句
常用時間狀語
5.現(xiàn)在進行時
1)am/is/are ding
2) 移動動詞的現(xiàn)在進行形式表將來(參看一般將來時用法)
3)一般不用于進行時態(tài)的動詞:
a.表示知覺的動詞(see/hear/smell
/taste/ntice/feel等)
b.表示態(tài)度和情感的動詞(believe/agree
/like/hate/want/think等)
c.表示抽象關系或概念的動詞(have/depend/seem
/cnsist/pssess等)
表示此時此刻正在進行的動作
2)表示目前這段時間正在進行的動作
3)表示反復出現(xiàn)或習慣性動作(always/cnstantly)
4)有的動詞用于現(xiàn)在進行時表示“逐漸”
5)表示按計劃即將發(fā)生的動作(參看一般將來時)
The bys are reading magazines.
What’s he ding this week?
The girl is always smiling happily.
It’s getting cld.
5) He’s leaving fr Beijing.
nw
at present
at the mment
these days
this week
lk
listen
6.過去進行時
was/were ding
表示過去某一時刻或某一階段正在進行的動作
1)We were having a meeting at 3 yesterday afternn.
2) He was reading a nvel in the library this mrning.
3) He was frever cmplaining abut smething.
4) I asked him whether he was cming back fr supper.
at that time
yesterday mrning
when + 從句
7.現(xiàn)在完成時
have/has + 動詞過去分詞(規(guī)則
化同動詞過去式/不規(guī)則變化單獨記憶)
表示過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果
2)表示過去某時開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)(有可能還會延續(xù)下去),常和表示一段時間的狀語連用
1)I haven’t finished my hmewrk yet.
2) He has been ill fr 3 days.
3)Shanghai has changed a lt since 1978.
4) It’s been 10 years since they married.
already/ever/just/yet
ften/never/always
nce/twice/befre
s far/up t nw
recently
in the past few years
fr + 時間段
since +時間點/從句
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