I.Listening Cmprehensin （第1-10題, 每題1分；第11-20題，每題1.5分；共25分）
Sectin A
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1.A. She wuld rather see a blank wall.B.The wall needs mre space fr it.
C.It shuld be put n anther wall.D.It makes the wall lk better.
culdn't understand the lecturer.B.He thinks the lecture is bring.
C.He desn't agree with the wman.D.He thinks the lecture is attractive.
3.A. G t find a jb at the bkstre.B.Attend the pening ceremny.
C.Buy same bks at the bkstre.D.Open a bkstre f her wn.
4.A. She bught the dress sme time ag.B.She lks great in the new dress.
C.She desn't like cld weather at all.D.She has been waiting fr the man.
5. A. The wman shuld have attended class n Mnday.B.The wman culd turn t the teacher fr help.
C.He will give the wman the assignment later.D.He desn't knw what the assignment is.
6.A. Larry shuld find a new rmmate.
B.Larry shuld have aplgized t his rmmate.
C.Larry's rmmate has cnsulted her abut the prblem.
D.Larry's rmmate may als be respnsible fr the prblem.
7.A. The man shuld take his vacatin smewhere else.
B.She desn’t knw when her semester ends.
C.The min may have t reschedule his trip.
D.She hasn't called the travel agent yet
8.A. He'll g with the wman t the next basketball game.
B.He missed the basketball game because he was ill.
C.He desn't like t g t basketball games.
D.He frgt abut the basketball game.
9.A. Karen can give him a ride n Tuesday.
B.I can attend the meeting n Tuesday.
C.Karen changed her plans at the last minute.
D.Karen has just returned frm a trip.
10.A. Call her after five.
B.Make calls with her phne.
C.G t the meeting with her
D.Fix his phne as sn as pssible.
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw shrt passages and ne lnger cnversatin, and yu will be asked several questins n each f the shrt passages and the lnger cnversatin. The shrt passages and the lnger cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage.
11.A. It usually lasts fr a mnth
B.It is intended fr prfessinals.
C.It is hsted by a ski racing club.
D.It is named after a British businessman.
12. A. In 1900 B. 1904 C. In 1924. D. In 1928.
13.A. Hw fast the skiers are.
B.Hw skiers get t the start
C.Hw dangerus the curse is.
D.Hw far the railway statin is.
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
14.A. The musical backgrund f the directr f the Bradway versin f The Lin King.
B.Differences between the film versin and the Bradway versin cf the lin King.
C.The types f music used in the Bradway versin f The Lin King.
D.The influence f Eurpean ppular music n nn-Western music.
15.A. It was cmpsed by the Zulu peple f Suth Africa.
B.It develped utside the musical traditins f Eurpe.
C.It is familiar t mst audiences in the United States.
D.It is mainly perfrmed in New Yrk City.
16.A. The sngs Were expected t be similar t thse in the film.
B.The Bradway versin were first perfrmed in Africa.
C.The directr is f African ancestry.
D.The stry takes place in Africa.
Questins 17 thrugh 20 are based n the fllwing cnversatin.
17.A. Making mdels fr TV series.
B. Acting in science fictin films
C. Writing cmic bks abut space.
D.Taking pictures fr the news.
18. A. He ran a phtgraph library f his wn.
B.He filled in fr peple while they were nt at wrk.
C.He wrked fr a TV channel specializing in hliday trips.
D.lie built mdels f astrnauts wh went l the mn in the 60s.
19. A. He develped sme pictures frm the camera that w&s burnt
B.He substituted fr an astrnaut n a space trip t the mn.
C.Fifteen f his mdels were nce used in a news reprt.
D.His stry was bradcast t everyne at hme.
20. A. He will be fund academically unqualified tday.
B.He will be cnsidered l ld t wrk with TV nw.
C.He wn’t be allwed t meet straight with a TV head.
D.H wn't be given a chance t act in a TV series.
【答案】1~5.DDAAA 6~10. DCCAB 11~15.CDCCB 16~20.DABCA
II.Grammar and Vcabulary （每題1分；共20分）
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
The Impact f Visual Cues n Behavir
During the energy crisis in the 1970s, Dutch researchers began t pay clse attentin t the cuntry’s energy usage. In ne suburb near Amsterdam, they fund that sme hmewners used 30 percent less energy than their neighbrs 21 the hmes being f similar size and getting electricity fr the same price.
It turned ut that the huses in this neighbrhd were nearly identical except fr ne feature: the lcatin f the electrical meter. Sme had ne in the basement. 22 had the electrical meter upstairs in the main hallway. 23 yu may guess, the hmes with the meters lcated in the main hallway used less electricity. When their energy use was bvius and easy t track, peple changed their behavir.
Every habit 24 (initiate) by a cue, and we are mre likely t ntice cues that stand ut. Unfrtunately, the envirnments where we live and wrk ften make it easy nt t d certain actins 25 there is n bvius cue t trigger the behavir. When the cues that spark a habit are subtle r hidden, they are easy 26 (ignre).
By cmparisn, creating bvius visual cues can draw yur attentin tward a 27 (desire) habit. I’ve experienced the pwer f bvius cues in my wn life. I used t buy apples frm the stre, put them in the crisper (儲藏格) in the bttm f the refrigeratr, and frget all abut them. By the time I remembered, the apples 28 (g) bad. I never saw them, s I never ate them.
Eventually, I tk my wn advice and redesigned my envirnment. I bught a large display bwl and placed it in the middle f the kitchen cunter. The next time I bught apples, that was 29 they went. Almst like magic, I began eating a few apples each day simply because they were bvius, 30 (facilitate) the frmatin f a healthy eating habit rather than keeping them ut f sight.
【答案】
21．despite 22．Others 23．As 24．is initiated 25．because/as/since/when/if 26．t ignre 27．desired 28．had gne 29．where 30．facilitating
【導(dǎo)語】本文是議論文。文章通過荷蘭研究者對能源使用的研究，引出了關(guān)于習(xí)慣形成和行為改變的討論。
21．考查介詞。句意：在阿姆斯特丹附近的一個郊區(qū)，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)一些房主比鄰居少用30%的能源，盡管房子大小差不多，用電價格也一樣。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空后的句子中動詞用的非謂語形式，所以空處應(yīng)填介詞，根據(jù)句意，此處表達“雖然，盡管”之意，用介詞despite。故填despite。
22．考查代詞。句意：其他人把電表放在樓上的主走廊上。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句缺少主語，根據(jù)前文“Sme had ne in the basement.”可知，此處是固定搭配：意為“一些...另一些...”。故填Others。
23．考查定語從句。句意：你可能猜到了，電表位于主走廊的家庭用電量更少。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，代替逗號后面句子的內(nèi)容在從句中作賓語，表達“正如”之意，用as引導(dǎo)，位于句首，首字母應(yīng)大寫。故填A(yù)s。
24．考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：每個習(xí)慣都是由提示引發(fā)的，我們更容易注意到那些突出的提示。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，initiate作本句謂語，和主語habit之間是被動關(guān)系，用被動語態(tài)，描述的是客觀事實，用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為Every habit為第三人稱單數(shù)。故填is initiated。
25．考查狀語從句連接詞。句意：不幸的是，我們生活和工作的環(huán)境往往使我們很容易不去做某些行為，因為沒有明顯的線索來觸發(fā)這些行為。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)狀語從句，根據(jù)句意，既可以翻譯為“因為”，用because或者as或者since引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，也可以翻譯為“當...時”，用when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，還可以翻譯為“如果”，用if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。故填because或者as或者since或者when或者if。
26．考查非謂語動詞。句意：當引發(fā)一種習(xí)慣的線索是微妙或隱藏的，它們很容易被忽視。此處是固定搭配：be+adj. t d sth.意為“做某事是怎樣的”。故填t ignre。
27．考查形容詞。句意：相比之下，創(chuàng)造明顯的視覺線索可以把你的注意力吸引到一個想要的習(xí)慣上?？蘸笫敲~，所以空處應(yīng)填形容詞作定語，desire的形容詞形式是desired意為“期望得到的”。故填desired。
28．考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：等我記起來的時候，蘋果已經(jīng)壞了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，g作本句謂語，根據(jù)時間狀語By the time I remembered，描述的是過去的過去發(fā)生的事，用過去完成時。故填had gne。
29．考查表語從句。句意：下次我買蘋果的時候，它們就去了那里。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)表語從句，根據(jù)句意，從句缺少地點狀語，用where引導(dǎo)。故填where。
30．考查非謂語動詞。句意：幾乎像變魔術(shù)一樣，我開始每天吃幾個蘋果，只是因為它們很明顯，促進了健康飲食習(xí)慣的形成，而不是把它們擋在視線之外。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句已有謂語動詞were，所以facilitate用非謂語形式，和邏輯主語they之間是主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填facilitating。
Sectin B
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Rats and ther animals need t be highly dependent n scial signals frm thers s they can identify friends t cperate with and enemies t avid. T find ut if this can 31 t nn-living beings, researchers at the University f Califrnia tested whether rats can detect scial signals frm rbtic rats.
They 32 eight adult rats with tw types f rbtic rat — ne scial ad ne ascial. The rbt rats were just like a chunkier versin f a cmputer muse with wheels t mve arund. During the experiment, the scial rbt rat fllwed the living rats arund, played with the same tys and pened cage drs t let 33 rats escape. Meanwhile, the ascial rbt 34 mved frwards and backwards and side t side.
Next, the researchers trapped the rbts in cages and gave the rats the pprtunity t release them by pressing a lever. The living rats were 52% mre likely t set the scial rbt free than the ascial ne. This suggests that the rats perceived the scial rbt as a genuine scial being s that they may have a clser 35 with the scial rbt. This culd lead t the rats better remembering having freed it earlier and wanting the rbt t 36 the favur when they get trapped.
Rats have been shwn t engage in multiple frms f mutual help and cperatin, including what is referred t as direct reciprcity where a rat will help anther rat that has 37 helped them.
The readiness f the rats t befriend the scial rbts was surprising given their 38 designs. Researchers assumed that they’d have t give them mving heads and tails, facial features, and put a scent n them t make them smell like real rats, which turned ut t be unnecessary.
The finding shws hw 39 rats are t scial cues, even when they cme frm basic rbts. Similarly, children tend t treat rbts as if they are 40 beings, even when they display nly simple scial signals. We humans seem t be fascinated by rbts and it turns ut that ther animals are t.
【答案】
31．D 32．A 33．I 34．B 35．C 36．E 37．G 38．J 39．H 40．F
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)，老鼠高度依賴別的動物的社會信號，這樣它們才能識別出要合作的朋友和要避開的敵人，這一傾向也會延伸到機器老鼠身上。
31．考查動詞。句意：為了弄清這是否也適用于非生物，加州大學(xué)的研究人員測試了老鼠是否能探測到機器老鼠發(fā)出的社交信號。根據(jù)前文“Rats and ther animals need t be highly dependent n scial signals frm thers s they can identify friends t cperate with and enemies t avid.(老鼠和其他動物需要高度依賴別的動物的社會信號，這樣它們才能識別出要合作的朋友和要避開的敵人。)”可知，此處是指為了弄清這是否也適用于非生物，stretch t意為“延伸到”，符合句意。故選D。
32．考查動詞。句意：他們把8只成年老鼠和兩種類型的機器老鼠放在一起——一種是社會性的，一種是非社會性的。根據(jù)“eight adult rats with tw types f rbtic rat”可知，此處是指把8只成年老鼠和兩種類型的機器老鼠放在一起。動詞huse意為“給……提供場地”，符合句意。故選A。
33．考查形容詞。句意：在實驗過程中，社交機器人老鼠跟著活著的老鼠到處跑，玩同樣的玩具，打開籠子門讓被困的老鼠逃跑。根據(jù)“rats escape”可知，此處是指讓被困的老鼠逃跑。形容詞trapped意為“被困的”，符合句意。故選I。
34．考查副詞。句意：與此同時，非社交機器人只是向前、向后、左右移動。根據(jù)“mved frwards and backwards and side t side”可知，此處是指非社交機器人只是向前、向后、左右移動。副詞simply意為“只是”，符合句意。故選B。
35．考查名詞。句意：這表明老鼠認為社交機器人是一個真正的社會存在，所以它們可能與社交機器人有更緊密的聯(lián)系。根據(jù)“the rats perceived the scial rbt as a genuine scial being”可知，此處是指它們可能與社交機器人有更緊密的聯(lián)系。故選C。
36．考查動詞。句意：這可能會讓老鼠更加記住之前救了它并希望機器人在它們被困時能有所回報。根據(jù)“having freed it earlier”可知，此處是指希望機器人能有所回報。動詞return意為“回報”，符合句意。故選E。
37．考查副詞。句意：老鼠被證明會參與多種形式的互助和合作，包括所謂的直接互惠，即一只老鼠會幫助另一只曾經(jīng)幫助過它們的老鼠。根據(jù)“as direct reciprcity where a rat will help anther rat that has”可知，此處是指一只老鼠會幫助另一只曾經(jīng)幫助過它們的老鼠。副詞previusly意為“之前”，符合句意。故選G。
38．考查形容詞。句意：考慮到社交機器人的極簡設(shè)計，老鼠愿意和它們交朋友的意愿令人驚訝。根據(jù)后文“Researchers assumed that they’d have t give them mving heads and tails, facial features, and put a scent n them t make them smell like real rats, which turned ut t be unnecessary.(研究人員認為，他們必須給它們移動的頭和尾巴，面部特征，并在它們身上放上一種氣味，讓它們聞起來像真的老鼠，結(jié)果證明這是不必要的。)”可知，此處是指考慮到社交機器人的極簡設(shè)計。形容詞minimal意為“極簡的”，符合句意。故選J。
39．考查形容詞。句意：這一發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，老鼠對社交暗示是多么敏感，即使這些暗示來自基本的機器人。根據(jù)“even when they cme frm basic rbts”可知，此處是指老鼠對社交暗示很敏感。故選H。
40．考查形容詞。句意：同樣，孩子們傾向于把機器人當作同伴對待，即使它們只表現(xiàn)出簡單的社交信號。根據(jù)“Similarly, children tend t treat rbts”可知，此處是指孩子們傾向于把機器人當作同伴對待。形容詞fellw意為“同類的，同班的”，符合句意。故選F。
III. Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext
In mdern sciety lneliness can be seen as a scial phenmenn and peple can experience lneliness fr many reasns. It is a very cmmn, thugh nrmally temprary, 41 f a breakup, divrce, r lss f any imprtant lng-term relatinship. In these cases, lneliness may result bth frm the lss f a specific persn and frm the 42 frm scial circles. The lss f a significant persn in ne’s life will typically initiate a grief respnse; in this situatin, ne might feel lnely, even while in the cmpany f thers.
Lneliness may als result frm any scially disruptive (破裂的) event, such as mving frm ne’s hme twn int 43 cmmunities leading t hmesickness. Lneliness can als ccur in places with lw ppulatin densities in which there are cmparatively few peple t 44 .
There are many different ways used t 45 lneliness. The first step that mst dctrs recmmend t patients is therapy. Shrt term therapy typically ccurs ver a perid f ten t twenty weeks. During therapy, emphasis is put n understanding the cause f the prblem, 46 the negative thughts, feelings, and attitudes resulting frm the prblem, and explring ways t help the patient feel cnnected. Sme dctrs als recmmend 47 therapy as a means t cnnect with ther sufferers and establish a supprt system. It may take several attempts befre a suitable anti-depressant medicatin is fund. Sme patients may als develp a resistance t a certain type f medicatin and need t 48 peridically.
Anther treatment is animal-assisted therapy. Studies and surveys indicate that the presence f animal cmpanins such as dgs, cats, rabbits, and guinea pigs can 49 feelings f lneliness r depressin amng sme sufferers. Beynd the cmpaninship the animal itself prvides there may als be increased pprtunities fr 50 with ther pet wners. Accrding t the Centers fr Disease Cntrl and Preventin there are a number f ther health benefits assciated with pet wnership, such as lwered bld pressure. In additin, sme ther alternative appraches may include exercise, dieting, etc, which many patients find have a 51 effect n relieving symptms. Results f a study als suggest that crrecting maladaptive scial cgnitin (認知) ffers the best chance f 52 lneliness.
Nevertheless, lneliness can smetimes play an imprtant rle in the 53 prcess. In sme peple, temprary r prlnged lneliness can lead t ntable artistic and creative expressin, fr example, as was the case with pet Emily Dickinsn, and numerus musicians. This is nt t imply that lneliness itself ensures this creativity, 54 , it may have an influence n the subject matter f the artist and mre likely be present in individuals 55 creative activities.
41．A．typeB．cncernC．cnsequenceD．evidence
42．A．withdrawalB．a(chǎn)bsenceC．disappearanceD．presence
43．A．infrmalB．uncertainC．relevantD．unfamiliar
44．A．turn tB．interact withC．lng frD．share with
45．A．releaseB．bserveC．mnitrD．treat
46．A．reversingB．directingC．measuringD．pursuing
47．A．lng-termB．sightseeingC．patientD．grup
48．A．quitB．evlveC．switchD．exercise
49．A．cnfirmB．prtestC．enhanceD．ease
50．A．scializingB．interferingC．cmparingD．cping
51．A．histricB．restrativeC．decisiveD．permanent
52．A．prmtingB．enhancingC．reducingD．striving
53．A．creativeB．musicalC．a(chǎn)rtisticD．petic
54．A．hweverB．therefreC．ratherD．therwise
55．A．restricted tB．engaged inC．cncerned abutD．a(chǎn)ltered by
【答案】
41．C 42．A 43．D 44．B 45．D 46．A 47．D 48．C 49．D 50．A 51．B 52．C 53．A 54．C 55．B
【分析】這是一篇議論文。文章講述了產(chǎn)生孤獨的原因，解決孤獨的方法。最后作者還提到，孤獨對創(chuàng)意的工作是有某種程度上的積極作用的。
41．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是分手、離婚或失去任何重要的長期關(guān)系的常見后果，但通常是暫時的。A. type 類型；B. cncern 擔心，關(guān)心；C. cnsequence 結(jié)果，后果；D. evidence證據(jù)。根據(jù)上下文，前句提到“孤獨”有很多種原因。劃線前的it指的就是“孤獨”，而后面提及的“分手，離婚或者失去任何重要的長期關(guān)系”是會造成一個結(jié)果即孤獨。故選C項。
42．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在這種情況下，孤獨可能是因為失去一個特定的人，也可能是因為退出社交圈。A. withdrawal 撤退，收回；B. absence 缺席；C. disappearance 消失；D. presence 存在，出席。分析上下文，上文提到了 “失去任何重要的長期關(guān)系” 和此處項呼應(yīng)表示退出社交圈。故選A項。
43．考查形容詞義辨析。句意：孤獨感也可能是任何社會破壞性事件的結(jié)果，比如從家鄉(xiāng)搬到陌生的社區(qū)導(dǎo)致思鄉(xiāng)。A. infrmal 非正式的；B. uncertain 不確定的；C. relevant 相關(guān)的；D. unfamiliar 不熟悉的。根據(jù)上下文，劃線后面提到了 “思鄉(xiāng)” ，是因為不熟悉陌生的社區(qū)導(dǎo)致的。故選D項。
44．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：孤獨感也可能發(fā)生在人口密度較低的地方，那里與之交往的人相對較少。A. turn t 求助于；B. interact with 交流，互動；C. lng fr 渴望；D. share with與……分享。根據(jù)上下文，劃線前提到“人口密度低”，所以與人的互動會比較少。故選B項。
45．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有許多不同的方法用來治療孤獨。A. release 釋放，開放，發(fā)泄；B. bserve 觀察，遵守，慶祝；C. mnitr 監(jiān)督；D. treat 治療。根據(jù)上下文，從第5空開始，后文再講述治療孤獨的方法。故選D項。
46．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在治療過程中，重點是了解問題的原因，扭轉(zhuǎn)由問題引起的消極思想、感覺和態(tài)度，并探索幫助患者感到相互聯(lián)系的方法。A. reversing 顛倒，完全改變；B. directing 指導(dǎo)；C. measuring 丈量；D. pursuing 追求，追逐。根據(jù)上下文，此處的動詞和前句的“了解問題”以及后句的“探索方法”構(gòu)成內(nèi)在的邏輯。先了解原因，扭轉(zhuǎn)思想，感覺和態(tài)度再探索方法。故選A項。
47．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一些醫(yī)生還建議將團體治療作為與其他患者聯(lián)系和建立支持系統(tǒng)的手段。A. lng-term 長期的；B. sightseeing 觀光的，旅游的；C. patient 耐心的；D. grup團體的。分析上下文，根據(jù)劃線后提到“和其他患者的相互聯(lián)系和建立支持系統(tǒng)”可知，這是一種“群體治療方法”。故選D項。
48．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有些病人可能對某種藥物產(chǎn)生耐藥性，需要定期更換。A. quit 離開，放棄；B. evlve 發(fā)展，進化；C. switch 開關(guān)，轉(zhuǎn)換；D. exercise 鍛煉，練習(xí)。分析上下文，劃線前提到因為“可能對某種藥物產(chǎn)生耐藥性”，所才需要定期“更換”。故選C項。
49．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：研究和調(diào)查表明，狗、貓、兔子和豚鼠等動物同伴的存在可以緩解一些患者的孤獨感或抑郁情緒。A. cnfirm 確認，證實；B. prtest 抗議；C. enhance 加強；D. ease 減輕。分析上下文，此處講的是另外一種治療辦法---利用動物的陪伴。下文提到養(yǎng)寵物還有很多其他的健康益處，比如降低血壓。所以可知，動物同伴給患者帶來了好處，可以緩解患者的孤獨感或抑郁情緒。故選D項。
50．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：除了動物本身提供的陪伴之外，與其他寵物主人交往的機會也可能增加。A. scializing 社交，交際；B. interfering 妨礙；C. cmparing 比較，對照；D. cping 復(fù)制，抄寫。分析上下文，養(yǎng)動物的人會和其他寵物主人交流，因此會增加與其他寵物主人交往的機會。故選A項。
51．考查形容詞詞義辨析。此外，其他一些替代方法可能包括鍛煉、節(jié)食等，許多患者發(fā)現(xiàn)這些方法對緩解癥狀有恢復(fù)作用。A. histric 歷史性的，有歷史意義的；B. restrative 有助于復(fù)原的，恢復(fù)健康的；C. decisive 決定性的，果斷的；D. permanent 永久的，永恒的。分析上下文可知，此處仍在講述治療孤獨癥的方法。此處的鍛煉，節(jié)食等都是有助于緩解孤獨，恢復(fù)健康的。故選B項。
52．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：研究結(jié)果還表明，糾正不適應(yīng)的社會認知提供了減少孤獨的最佳機會。A. prmting 促進，晉升；B. enhancing 加強；C. reducing 減少；D. striving 努力，奮斗。分析上下文，根據(jù)劃線前提到“糾正不適應(yīng)的社會認知”可知，也是治療孤獨的方法，可以減少孤獨。故選C項。
53．考查形容詞義辨析。句意：然而，孤獨有時在創(chuàng)作過程中扮演著重要的角色。A. creative 有創(chuàng)意的；B. musical 音樂的；C. artistic 藝術(shù)的；D. petic 詩歌的。分析上下文，根據(jù)后文提到了 “creative expressin” 和 “creative activities” 可知，第13空A選項和他們相呼應(yīng)，都在強調(diào)創(chuàng)作過程。故選A項。
54．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這并不意味著孤獨本身就保證了這種創(chuàng)造力，相反，它可能對藝術(shù)家的題材產(chǎn)生影響，更有可能出現(xiàn)在從事創(chuàng)作活動的個人身上。A. hwever 然而；B. therefre 因此；C. rather 相反；D. therwise 否則。分析上下文，劃線前提到“孤獨本身無法保證創(chuàng)造力”，而后文提到“只是對藝術(shù)家的題材產(chǎn)生影響”。此處前后兩句表示“對立”。故選C項。
55．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：更有可能出現(xiàn)在從事創(chuàng)作活動的個人身上。A. restricted t 限制；B. engaged in 從事，忙于；C. cncerned abut 擔心，關(guān)心；D. altered by 改變。分析上下文，前句提到孤獨對藝術(shù)的影響體現(xiàn)在藝術(shù)家的題材和個人身上，此處的個人是“從事”創(chuàng)作的人。也是和前文提到的pet和musicians等。故選B項。
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
Tw things changed my life: my mther and a white plastic bike basket. I have thught lng and hard abut it and it’s true. I wuld be a different persn if my mm hadn’t turned a silly bicycle accessry int a life lessn that I carry with me tday.
My mther and father were united in their way f raising children, but it mstly fell t my mther t actually carry it ut. Lking back, I hnestly dn’t knw hw she did it. Managing the family budget must have been a very hard task, but she made it lk effrtless. If we cmplained abut nt having what anther kid did, we’d hear smething like, “I dn’t care what s-and-s gt fr his birthday, yu are nt getting a TV in yur rm, a car fr yur birthday r a lavish sweet-16 party.” We had t earn ur allwance by ding chres arund the huse. I can still remember hw lng it tk t plish the legs f ur cffee table. My brthers can n dubt remember hurs spent cleaning the huse. Like the tw little girls grwing up at the White Huse, we made ur wn beds (n ne left the huse until that was dne) and picked up after urselves. We had t keep track f ur belngings, and if smething was lst, it was nt replaced.
It was summer and, ne day, my mther drve me t the bike shp t get a tire fixed — and there it was in the windw. White, shiny, plastic and decrated with flwers, the basket winked at me and I knew — I knew — I had t have it.
“It’s beautiful,” my mther said when I pinted it ut t her. “What a neat basket.”
I tried t hld ff at first. I played it cl fr a shrt while. But then I guess I culdn’t stand it any lnger: “Mm, please can I please, please get it? I’ll d extra chres fr as lng as yu say. I’ll d anything, but I need that basket. I lve that basket. Please, Mm. Please?”
I was desperate.
“ Yu knw,” she said, gently rubbing my back while we bth stared at what I believed was the clest thing ever, “If yu save up yu culd buy this yurself.”
“By the time I make enugh it’ll be gne!”
“Maybe Rger here culd hld it fr yu,” she smiled at Rger, the bike guy.
“He can’t hld it fr that lng, Mm. Smene else will buy it. Please, Mm, please?” “There might be anther way,” she said.
And s ur paying plan unflded. My mther bught the beautiful basket and put it safely in sme hiding place I culdn’t find. Each week I eagerly cunted my grwing savings increased by extra wrk here and there (washing the car, helping my mther make dinner, delivering r cllecting things n my bike that already lked naked withut the basket in frnt). And then, weeks later, I cunted, re-cunted and jumped fr jy. Oh, happy day! I made it! I finally had the exact amunt we’d agreed
Days later the unthinkable happened. A neighbrhd girl I’d played with millins f times appeared with the exact same basket fixed t her shiny, new bike that already had all the bells and whistles. I rde hard and fast hme t tell my mther abut this disaster. This hrrible turn f events.
And then came the lessn I’ve taken with me thrugh my life: “Hney, yur basket is extra-special,” Mm said, gently wiping away my ht tears. “Yur basket is special because yu paid fr it yurself.”
56．What can we learn frm the first tw paragraphs?
A．The mther raised her children in an unusual way.
B．The writer envied the daughters f the U.S. president.
C．The writer’s parents shared the duty t bring up children.
D．Managing budget is an effrtless jb t mst husewives.
57．By using “naked” (Paragraph 12), the authr seems t stress that the basket was ________.
A．well wrth the effrt she had madeB．the mst valuable she had ever btained
C．a(chǎn)n unnecessary accessry t her bikeD．smething the bike culdn’t d withut
58．T the authr, it seemed t be a hrrible turn f events that ________.
A．the basket cst mre than she had saved
B．smene else had gt a basket f the same kind
C．her paying plan was spiled
D．a(chǎn) neighbrhd girl bught a nicer bike
59．What is the life lessn the authr learned frm her mther?
A．Save mney fr a rainy day.B．Gd advice is beynd all price.
C．Earn yur bread with yur sweat.D．Gd helps thse wh help themselves.
【答案】56．A 57．A 58．B 59．C
【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇記敘文。作者回憶自己母親對孩子不尋常的教育方法。通過一個自行車籃子的事情，母親教會作者什么事情都要自力更生，通過自己努力得到的東西才是最珍貴的。
56．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“We had t earn ur allwance by ding chres arund the huse. I can still remember hw lng it tk t plish the legs f ur cffee table. My brthers can n dubt remember hurs spent cleaning the huse. Like the tw little girls grwing up at the White Huse, we made ur wn beds (n ne left the huse until that was dne) and picked up after urselves. We had t keep track f ur belngings, and if smething was lst, it was nt replaced.(我們不得不靠在家里做家務(wù)來賺取零用錢。我還記得我們擦咖啡桌腿花了多長時間。毫無疑問，我的兄弟們還記得打掃房子花了幾個小時。就像在白宮長大的兩個小女孩一樣，我們自己鋪床（不鋪床誰也不能出門），然后自己收拾行李。我們必須記錄我們的物品，如果有東西丟失了，就不會更換。)”可知，作者的母親用不尋常的方法教育孩子。故選A項。
57．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第十二段的“Each week I eagerly cunted my grwing savings increased by extra wrk here and there (washing the car, helping my mther make dinner, delivering r cllecting things n my bike that already lked naked withut the basket in frnt). And then, weeks later, I cunted, re-cunted and jumped fr jy. Oh, happy day! I made it! I finally had the exact amunt we’d agreed (每周，我都會急切地數(shù)著我不斷增長的積蓄，這些積蓄是因為我到處做額外的工作（洗車、幫媽媽做飯、在自行車上送東西或收集東西，自行車在前面沒有籃子的情況下看起來已經(jīng)一絲不掛了）。幾周后，我數(shù)了數(shù)，又數(shù)了一遍，高興地跳了起來。哦，快樂的一天！我成功了！我終于拿到了我們商定的確切金額...)”以及聯(lián)系第三段的“White, shiny, plastic and decrated with flwers, the basket winked at me and I knew — I knew — I had t have it.( 這個白色、閃亮、塑料、裝飾著鮮花的籃子朝我眨了眨眼睛，我知道——我知道——我必須擁有它。)”可知，作者非常想要一個籃子并且通過自己的努力而獲得了，所以作者使naked“光禿禿的”這個詞，說明這個籃子非常值得她努力。故選A項。
58． 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第十三段的“A neighbrhd girl I’d played with millins f times appeared with the exact same basket fixed t her shiny, new bike that already had all the bells and whistles. I rde hard and fast hme t tell my mther abut this disaster. This hrrible turn f events.(一個和我玩過數(shù)百萬次的鄰居女孩出現(xiàn)了，她那輛閃閃發(fā)光的新自行車上固定著一模一樣的籃子，上面已經(jīng)有了所有的鈴鐺和口哨。我飛快地騎車回家，把這場災(zāi)難告訴了母親。這可怕的轉(zhuǎn)折。)” 可知，作者認為其他人有和她相同的籃子是一個災(zāi)難。故選B項。
59． 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Yur basket is special because yu paid fr it yurself.(你的籃子很特別，因為是你自己付的錢。)”并結(jié)合短文可知，作者回憶自己母親對孩子不尋常的教育方法。通過一個自行車籃子的事情，母親教會作者什么事情都要自力更生，通過自己努力得到的東西才是最珍貴的。由此判斷出作者的媽媽教育作者要通過自己的努力獲得想要的東西，也就是Earn yur bread with yur sweat(用汗水贏得面包)。故選C項。
(B)
There’s a new frntier in 3D printing that’s beginning t cme int fcus: fd. Recent develpment has made pssible machines that print, ck, and serve fds n a mass scale. And the industry isn’t stpping there.
Fd prductin
With a 3D printer, a ck can print cmplicated chclate sculptures and beautiful pieces fr decratin n a wedding cake. Nt everybdy can d that-it takes years f experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Fdini t “recreate frms and pieces” f fd that are “exactly the same,” freeing cks t cmplete ther tasks. In anther restaurant, all f the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed,rather than farm t table.
Sustainability
The glbal ppulatin is expected t grw t 9.6 billin by 2050, and sme analysts estimate that fd prductin will need t be raised by 50 percent t maintain current levels. Sustainability is becming a necessity. 3D fd printing culd prbably cntribute t the slutin. Sme experts believe printers culd use hydrcllids(水解膠體)frm plentiful renewables like algae(藻類) and grass t replace the familiar ingredients.3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissins. Grcery stres f the future might stck “fd” that lasts years n end, freeing up shelf space and reducing transprtatin and strage requirements.
Nutritin
Future 3D fd printers culd make prcessed fd healthier. Hd Lipsn, a prfessr at Clumbia University, said, “Fd printing culd allw cnsumers t print fd with custmized nutritinal cntent, like vitamins. S instead f eating a piece f yesterday’s bread frm the supermarket, yu’d eat smething baked just fr yu n demand.”
Challenges
Despite recent advancements in 3D fd printing, the industry has many challenges t vercme. Currently, mst ingredients must be changed t a paste befre a printer can use them, and the printing prcess is quite time-cnsuming, because ingredients interact with each ther in very cmplex ways. On tp f that, mst f the 3D fd printers nw are restricted t dry ingredients, because meat and milk prducts may easily g bad. Sme experts are skeptical abut 3D fd printers, believing they are better suited fr fast fd restaurants than hmes and high-end restaurants.
60．What benefit des 3D printing bring t fd prductin?
A．It helps cks t create new dishes.B．It saves time and effrt in cking.
C．It imprves the cking cnditins.D．It cntributes t restaurant decratins
61．Accrding t Paragraph 4,3D-printed fd _______.
A．is mre available t cnsumersB．can meet individual nutritinal needs
C．is mre tasty than fd in supermarketsD．can keep all the nutritin in raw materials
62．What is the main factr that prevents 3D fd printing frm spreading widely?
A．The printing prcess is cmplicated.B．3D fd printers are t expensive.
C．Fd materials have t be dryD．Sme experts dubt 3D fd printing
【答案】60．B 61．B 62．C
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇科普類短文閱讀。文章主要介紹了3D打印技術(shù)在食物上的應(yīng)用取得了進展，但目前仍面臨著許多方面的挑戰(zhàn)。
60．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章Fd prductin中的“With a 3D printer, a ck can print cmplicated chclate sculptures and beautiful pieces fr decratin n a wedding cake. Nt everybdy can d that-it takes years f experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Fdini t “recreate frms and pieces” f fd that are “exactly the same,” freeing cks t cmplete ther tasks. (有了3D打印機，廚師可以打印復(fù)雜的巧克力雕塑和漂亮的裝飾在婚禮蛋糕上。不是每個人都能做到這一點——這需要多年的經(jīng)驗，但一臺打印機使它變得容易。西班牙一家餐廳使用Fdini來“重新制作”“一模一樣”的食物，讓廚師們騰出時間去完成其他任務(wù)。)”可推斷，3D打印的優(yōu)勢是節(jié)省了做飯的時間和精力。故選B。
61．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Nutritin 中的“Fd printing culd allw cnsumers t print fd with custmized nutritinal cntent, like vitamins.（食品打印可以讓消費者打印出具有定制營養(yǎng)成分的食品，比如維生素。）”可知，3D打印出來的食物可以滿足個人營養(yǎng)需求。故選B。
62．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“On tp f that, mst f the 3D fd printers nw are restricted t dry ingredients, because meat and milk prducts may easily g bad. (最重要的是，現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)3D食品打印機都局限于干燥的原料，因為肉類和奶制品很容易變質(zhì)。一些專家對3D食品打印機持懷疑態(tài)度，認為它們更適合快餐店，而不是家庭和高端餐廳。)”可推斷，食品材料必須干燥是阻礙3D食品打印普及的主要因素。故選C。
(C)
Cnservatinists g t war ver whether humans are the measure f nature’s value. New Cnservatinists argue such trade-ffs are necessary in this human dminated era. And they supprt “re-wilding”, a cncept riginally prpsed by Sule where peple reduce ecnmic grwth and withdraw frm landscapes, which then return t nature.
New Cnservatinists believe the withdrawal culd happen tgether with ecnmic grwth. The Califrnia-based Breakthrugh Institute believes in a future where mst peple live in cities and rely less n natural resurces fr ecnmic grwth.
They wuld get fd frm industrial agriculture, including genetically mdified fds, desalinatin intensified meat prductin and aquaculture (水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖), all f which have a smaller land ftprint. And they wuld get their energy frm renewables and natural gas.
Driving these prfund shifts wuld be greater efficiency f prductin, where mre prducts culd be manufactured frm fewer inputs. And sme unsustainable cmmdities wuld be replaced in the market by ther, greener nes-natural gas fr cal, fr instance, explained Michael Heisenberg., president f the Breakthrugh Institute. Nature wuld, in essence, be decupled frm the ecnmy.
And then he added a warning: “We are nt suggesting decupling as the pattern t save the wrld, r that it slves all the prblems.”
Cynics (悲觀者) may say all this sunds t utpian, but Breakthrugh maintains the wrld is already n this path tward decupling. Nwhere is this mre evident than in the United Sates, accrding t Idd Wernick, a research schlar at the Rckefeller University, wh has examined the natin’s use f 100 main cmmdities.
Wernick and his clleagues lked at data carefully frm the U.S. Gelgical Survey Natinal Minerals Infrmatin Center, which keeps a recrd f cmmdities used frm 1900 thrugh the present day. They fund that the use f 36 cmmdities (sand, irn re, cttn etc.) in the U. S. Ecnmy had peaked.
Anther 53 cmmdities (nitrgen, timber, beef, etc.) are being used mre efficiently per dllar value f grss dmestic prduct than in the pre-1970s era. Their use wuld peak sn, Wernick said.
Only 11 cmmdities (industrial diamnd, indium, chicken, etc.) are increasing in use (Greenwire, Nv. 6), and mst f these are emplyed by industries in small quantities t imprve systems prcesses. Chicken use is rising because peple are eating less beef, a desirable develpment since pultry cultivatin has a smaller envirnmental ftprint.
The numbers shw the United States has nt intensified resurce cnsumptin since the 1970s even while increasing its GDP and ppulatin, said Jesse Ausubel f the Rckefeller University.
“It seems like the 20th-century expectatin we had, we were always assuming the future invlved greater cnsumptin f resurces,” Ausubel said. “But what we are seeing in the develped cuntries is, f curse, peaks.”
63．What des the underlined wrd “trade-ffs” refer t in the first paragraph?
A．The difficult situatin f ecnmies grwth.
B．The prfitability f imprt and exprt trade.
C．The balance between human develpment and natural eclgy.
D．The cnsumptin f natural resurces by industrial develpment.
64．Which f the fllwing is true f the views f the new envirnmentalists?
A．They believe that mankind shuld limit ecnmic grwth.
B．They believe that mankind is the master f the whle universe.
C．They believe that mankind shuld live in frests with rich vegetatin.
D．They believe that mankind will need mre natural resurces in the future.
65．What can we infer frm the last paragraph f the passage?
A．Natural resurces cannt supprt ecnmic develpment.
B．All resurce cnsumptin in develped cuntries has reached a peak.
C．Mre resurce cnsumptin will nt ccur in a certain perid f time.
D．Excessive resurce cnsumptin will nt affect the eclgical envirnment.
66．What is the passage mainly abut?
A．Urbanizatin and re-wildness.
B．Human existence and industrial develpment.
C．Cmmdity trading and raw material develpment.
D．Sciecnmic develpment and resurce cnsumptin.
【答案】63．C 64．A 65．C 66．D
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了新保護主義者的“重野化”概念。
63．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)前文“Cnservatinists g t war ver whether humans are the measure f nature’s value. (自然資源保護主義者就人類是否是自然價值的衡量標準展開了戰(zhàn)爭)”可知，自然資源保護主義者倡導(dǎo)權(quán)衡人類與自然關(guān)系，結(jié)合后文“And they supprt “re-wilding”, a cncept riginally prpsed by Sule where peple reduce ecnmic grwth and withdraw frm landscapes, which then return t nature. (他們還支持“再野生化”，這一概念最初是由索勒提出的，即人們減少經(jīng)濟增長，退出自然景觀，然后回歸自然)”可知，他們提倡人們減少經(jīng)濟增長，退出自然景觀，然后回歸自然。由此推知，他們認為這種人與自然的平衡是必要的，trade-ffs指的是人類發(fā)展與自然生態(tài)的平衡。故選C。
64．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“New Cnservatinists believe the withdrawal culd happen tgether with ecnmic grwth. The Califrnia-based Breakthrugh Institute believes in a future where mst peple live in cities and rely less n natural resurces fr ecnmic grwth. (新環(huán)保主義者認為，退出可以與經(jīng)濟增長一起發(fā)生?？偛课挥诩又莸耐黄蒲芯克嘈?，未來大多數(shù)人將生活在城市，經(jīng)濟增長對自然資源的依賴將減少)”可推知，新環(huán)保主義者認為人類應(yīng)該限制經(jīng)濟增長。故選A。
65．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““It seems like the 20th-century expectatin we had, we were always assuming the future invlved greater cnsumptin f resurces,” Ausubel said. “But what we are seeing in the develped cuntries is, f curse, peaks.” (奧蘇貝爾說：“這似乎就像我們20世紀的預(yù)期，我們總是假設(shè)未來會消耗更多的資源。”“但我們在發(fā)達國家看到的，當然是峰值?！?”可斷，現(xiàn)在的資源消耗是峰值，由此推知，在一段時間內(nèi)不會出現(xiàn)更多的資源消耗。故選C。
66．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是前兩段的內(nèi)容可知，這篇短文主要討論了新保護主義者的觀點，他們認為人類是衡量自然價值的標準，提倡“重野化”概念，即人們應(yīng)限制經(jīng)濟增長，減少對自然資源的依賴，提高生產(chǎn)效率，并從自然景觀中退出，讓自然回歸。因此，文章主要和社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、資源消耗有關(guān)。故選D。
Sectin C
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the sentences in the bx Each sentence can nly be used nce. Nte that there are tw sentences mre than yu need.
Mdern cmputer technlgy has made a new kind f human relatinship pssible: nline friendship. 67 Are nline friendships as beneficial as face-t-face friendships? What are the advantages and disadvantages f having virtual friends? Can peple frm strng bnds nline? Tday these questins are the subject f lively debate.
Sme peple believe that the Internet is the best way t make new friends. It’s cnvenient, it’s fast, and it allws making cntact with different kinds f peple frm all ver the wrld. When yu use scial netwrking, websites and chat rms, yu can easily find peple with interests and hbbies similar t yurs. Infrmatin updates and phts add t the experience. Making friends n the Internet is especially gd fr shy peple wh feel uncmfrtable in scial situatins. It’s ften easier t share thughts and feelings nline. 68 They can make peple feel less lnely and help them slve prblems.
Althugh the Internet can encurage friendship, it has a majr disadvantage. 69 Online friends nly tell yu what they want yu t knw. They smetimes exaggerate their gd qualities and hide the less psitive nes, s yu can’t be sure f what they really like. That is why yu shuld nt give persnal infrmatin t anyne nline unless yu’re ttally sure f wh that persn is.
Can nline friendship be as meaningful as face-t-face nes? There are different pints f view. Researchers at the University f Suthern Califrnia surveyed 2,000 husehlds in the United States. The results shwed that mre than 40 percent f participants feel “as strngly abut their nline buddies” as they d abut their “ffline” friends. 70 In cntrast, there are many peple wh believe that it’s nt pssible t have deep relatinships with nline friends, A yung Indian sftware engineer, Lalitha Lakshmipathy, says, “it’s gd t feel cnnected with many peple, but all my e-buddies are nt necessarily my clse friends.” They say that it’s hard t develp feelings f trust and cnnectin when yu dn’t share experiences in persn.
Peple cntinue t express different pinins abut nline friendship. Hwever, mst f them wuld agree that virtual friendships must nt replace face-t-face friendships. As ne life cach says, “a scial netwrking site shuld nly be the ‘a(chǎn)dd n’ in any relatinship.”
A．In additin, virtual friends can ffer emtinal supprt.
B．When yu’re nt face t face, it’s much easier t deceive peple.
C．Many peple wuld agree.
D．Researchers als fund that it’s nt unusual fr nline friends t becme face-t-face friend.
E．Online friends may be f help in many ways.
F．Online friends, r virtual friends, are peple wh have becme acquainted with each ther thrugh the Internet.
【答案】67．F 68．A 69．B 70．D
【導(dǎo)語】
本文是一篇說明文。文章主要討論了現(xiàn)代計算機技術(shù)帶來的新型人際關(guān)系——在線友誼。
67．根據(jù)上文“Mdern cmputer technlgy has made a new kind f human relatinship pssible: nline friendship(現(xiàn)代計算機技術(shù)使一種新型的人際關(guān)系成為可能：網(wǎng)絡(luò)友誼)”可知，上文提出了網(wǎng)絡(luò)友誼這一概念，可推理出下文對這一概念進行解釋，與F項“Online friends, r virtual friends, are peple wh have becme acquainted with each ther thrugh the Internet(網(wǎng)絡(luò)朋友或虛擬朋友是指通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)相互認識的人)”表達的含義一致，故選F項。
68．根據(jù)下文“They can make peple feel less lnely and help them slve prblems.( 它們可以讓人們不那么孤獨，并幫助他們解決問題)”可知此處上下文說的是虛擬朋友可以提供情感支持，與A項“In additin, virtual friends can ffer emtinal supprt.(此外，虛擬朋友可以提供情感支持。)”表達的含義一致，故選A項。
69．根據(jù)下文“Online friends nly tell yu what they want yu t knw. They smetimes exaggerate their gd qualities and hide the less psitive nes, s yu can’t be sure f what they really like.( 網(wǎng)上朋友只告訴你他們想讓你知道的事情。他們有時夸大自己的好品質(zhì)，而隱藏不那么積極的品質(zhì)，所以你無法確定他們真正喜歡什么)”可知，此處上下文說的是虛擬朋友由于無法面對面交流，可能會有欺騙人的情況，與B項“When yu’re nt face t face, it’s much easier t deceive peple.( 當你不面對面時，欺騙別人會容易得多。)”表達的含義一致，故選B項。
70．根據(jù)上文“The results shwed that mre than 40 percent f participants feel “as strngly abut their nline buddies” as they d abut their “ffline” friends.( 結(jié)果顯示，超過40%的參與者對“在線好友”的感覺和對“離線”好友的感覺一樣強烈。)”可知此處上下文說的是研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)的一項研究結(jié)果，即網(wǎng)上的朋友變成面對面的朋友以后，他們的友誼依然感覺強烈，與D項“Researchers als fund that it’s nt unusual fr nline friends t becme face-t-face friend.(研究人員還發(fā)現(xiàn)，網(wǎng)上朋友變成面對面的朋友并不罕見)”表達的含義一致，故選D項。
IV.Summary Writing
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint( s)f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Teens and Screens
Frced by parent prtesters citing t research int the links between adlescent scial-media habits and risk factrs fr suicide, such as depressin, tw large investrs in Apple have agreed that the technlgy cmpany must help parents limit their children’s smart phne use. On scial media, parents are cnstantly cmplaining abut phnes’ addictive prperties. On the schl run, parents cmpare strategies fr limiting screen time.
Befre ging fr the ff switch, parents shuld ask a questin. Des cutting dwn n their kids’ use f iPhnes, Instagram and s n d much gd in slving adlescents’ prblems? On the available evidence, the answer may be n. Sme studies f Britain and America, which cnduct large surveys f yung peple, have fund crrelatins (相關(guān)性) between heavy technlgy use and unhappiness. Crrelatin is nt causatin, hwever, it culd be that unhappy peple seek refuge nline. And the crrelatins are very weak. Only abut 1% f the variability in yung peple’s mental well being can be explained by scial-media r smartphne use. One British study suggests that eating breakfast regularly is mre than three times as imprtant.
Parents wh wrry abut their teenage kids can d smething, hwever. Drive them ut f the huse. There is plenty f evidence fr the cheering effects f hanging ut with friends. Yet yungsters are ding less f this. Scial pressure is ne reasn. Accrding t brader attitudes in Britain, “teenagers hanging ut n the streets” is a standard measure f anti-scial behaviur. The authritative Crime Survey f England asks peple whether adlescent hanging-ut shuld be regarded as a scial prblem. Mst respndents said yes. That the rate f adlescent hanging-ut has drpped frm 33% t 16% in ten years may please criminlgists, but it is unlikely t signal happier teenagers.
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【答案】Parents and investrs are cncerned abut the impact f scial media n adlescents' mental health, leading Apple t cnsider limiting smartphne use. Hwever, reducing screen time may nt be the slutin, as the link between technlgy use and unhappiness is weak. Encuraging teenagers t spend mre time with friends may have a mre psitive impact n their well-being.
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹說，社交媒體使用與青少年自殺風(fēng)險因素之間關(guān)聯(lián)的研究導(dǎo)致家長和投資者擔心社交媒體對青少年心理健康的影響，進而促使蘋果公司考慮限制智能手機使用。然而，減少屏幕時間可能并不是解決問題的辦法，因為科技使用與不幸福之間的關(guān)聯(lián)并不強。文章表明，促進青少年與朋友之間的社交互動可能對他們的幸福感產(chǎn)生更積極的影響。
【詳解】1 要點摘錄
①Frced by parent prtesters citing t research int the links between adlescent scial-media habits and risk factrs fr suicide, such as depressin, tw large investrs in Apple have agreed that the technlgy cmpany must help parents limit their children’s smart phne use.
②Sme studies f Britain and America, which cnduct large surveys f yung peple, have fund crrelatins (相關(guān)性) between heavy technlgy use and unhappiness.
③Crrelatin is nt causatin, hwever, it culd be that unhappy peple seek refuge nline. And the crrelatins are very weak.
④Parents wh wrry abut their teenage kids can d smething, hwever. Drive them ut f the huse. That the rate f adlescent hanging-ut has drpped frm 33% t 16% in ten years may please criminlgists, but it is unlikely t signal happier teenagers.
2.縝密構(gòu)思
將第1、4兩個要點進行重組，將第2、3兩個要點進行整合。
3.遣詞造句
The cncerns f parents and investrs abut the impact f scial media n the mental health f adlescents have led t Apple cnsidering restrictins n smartphne usage.
Hwever, reducing screen time may nt be the slutin, as the link between technlgy use and unhappiness is nt strng.
The article suggests that encuraging adlescents t spend mre time with friends may have a mre psitive impact n their well-being.
【點睛】[高分句型1] Parents and investrs are cncerned abut the impact f scial media n adlescents' mental health, leading Apple t cnsider limiting smartphne use.運用了現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語結(jié)構(gòu)，表達高級。
[高分句型2] Encuraging teenagers t spend mre time with friends may have a mre psitive impact n their well-being.使用動名詞作主語的結(jié)構(gòu)表達非常高級。
V.Translatin (共15分。第1小題和第2小題,每題3分;第3題4分;第4題5分。)
Directins:Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets
72．他用水壺?zé)诵┧?，為我泡了一杯茶?bil)
【答案】He biled sme water with a/the kettle and made a cup f tea fr me.
【詳解】考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知，句子描述過去的事情，時態(tài)用一般過去時，“用水壺”是with a/the kettle，“燒了些水”是bil sme water，bil用過去式，“為我”是fr me，“泡一杯茶”是make a cup f tea，make用過去式，用and連接兩個動作。故答案為He biled sme water with a/the kettle and made a cup f tea fr me.
73．這部電影，還原生活，它提醒觀眾們幸福來之不易。(remind)
【答案】This film, restring life, reminds the audience that happiness has nt cme easily.
【詳解】考查動詞、非謂語和賓語從句。分析句子，句子表述的是客觀事實，故使用一般現(xiàn)在時。表示“還原生活”用restre life，此處用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語；表示“提醒觀眾……”用remind the audience that...其中that引導(dǎo)賓語從句；表示“幸福來之不易”用happiness has nt cme easily，此表示動作發(fā)生在過去，對現(xiàn)在有影響，即使用現(xiàn)在完成時，故翻譯為This film, restring life, reminds the audience that happiness has nt cme easily。
74．眾所周知，在我們的廚余垃圾中仍有不少的資源值得再利用。(acknwledge)
【答案】It is acknwledged that many resurces are still wrthy f being recycled in ur kitchen waste.
【詳解】考查主語從句用法。根據(jù)句意及提示詞，表示“眾所周知”應(yīng)為It is widely acknwledged that”, it 做形式主語，結(jié)合句意可知，該句描述的是現(xiàn)在的客觀事實，所以使用一般現(xiàn)在時，分析句意可知，表示“在我們的廚余垃圾中仍有不少的資源值得再利用”應(yīng)為主語從句，根據(jù)句意，表示“不少的資源”應(yīng)為many resurces作從句的主語，表示“值得作某事”應(yīng)為be wrthy f ding sth.，句子主語為名詞復(fù)數(shù)，所以be動詞應(yīng)為are，表示“再利用”應(yīng)為recycle，且與句子主語之間為被動關(guān)系，所以此處應(yīng)使用動名詞的被動形式being recycled作賓語，表示“在我們的廚余垃圾中”應(yīng)為in ur kitchen waste，所以賓語從句譯為many resurces are still wrthy f being recycled in ur kitchen waste，從句中不缺少主語和賓語且句意完整，所以使用that引導(dǎo)主語從句。故翻譯為It is acknwledged that many resurces are still wrthy f being recycled in ur kitchen waste.
75．正是因為貫徹“顧客為本”的理念，那個落寞已久的社區(qū)商場才得以重回大眾視線。(It)
【答案】It is because f the implementatin f the “custmer first” cncept that the lng-deserted cmmunity shpping mall culd return t the public eye.
【詳解】考查強調(diào)句型。because f (因為)，implementatin (貫徹)，cncept (理念)，可用“It is +被強調(diào)部分+ that/wh +其它”強調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)表達，此處被強調(diào)部分是原因狀語because f the implementatin f the “custmer first” cncept，用that；主句部分謂語用“情態(tài)動詞culd+動詞原形”，lng-deserted (落寞已久的)，shpping mall (商場)，故翻譯為：It is because f the implementatin f the “custmer first” cncept that the lng-deserted cmmunity shpping mall culd return t the public eye.
VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese
假如你是明啟中學(xué)的高三學(xué)生李華。為了更貼近學(xué)生生活，滿足學(xué)生需求，你所在的學(xué)校計劃在校園網(wǎng)站上增加一個欄目，擬從四個欄目里選擇個一個：“學(xué)生來信”、“心理聊天室”、“職業(yè)發(fā)展規(guī)劃”和“校園熱搜”。學(xué)校正在向全體師生征求建議，給校方寫一封信。信中必須包含：
1. 你會選擇增加的欄目；
2. 你的理由。
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【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I am very happy t knw that the schl plans t add a clumn n the campus website t get clse t students’ life and meet their needs. As fr me, I chse the “Psychlgical Chat rm” sectin. The reasns are as fllws.
On the ne hand, with the increasing academic pressure, many students are unable t adapt t the life f senir three and d nt knw hw t deal with the psychlgical burden caused by study. There are even sme students in lw md r lacking enthusiasm and depressin, s it is necessary t actively and effectively relieve psychlgical pressure t cultivate gd values. And als physical and mental health is cnducive t the grwth f students. On the ther hand, as far as I am cncerned, in additin t what mentined abve, many students als have a lt f cnfusin abut hw t deal with interpersnal relatins. Opening this prgram can nt nly give students guidance in making friends, but als braden ur visin.
I wuld appreciate it if yu culd cnsider my suggestin.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生關(guān)于學(xué)校校園網(wǎng)上增加某個欄目給學(xué)校寫一份建議信，信中必須包含：選擇增加的欄目以及理由。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
愉快的：happy→ delighted
建議： suggestin→ advice
處理：deal with→ cpe with
必要的：necessary→ essential
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復(fù)合句
原句：On the ne hand, with the increasing academic pressure, many students are unable t adapt t the life f senir three and d nt knw hw t deal with the psychlgical burden caused by study.
拓展句：On the ne hand, as the academic pressure increases, many students are unable t adapt t the life f senir three and d nt knw hw t deal with the psychlgical burden caused by study.
【點睛】【高分句型1】On the ne hand, with the increasing academic pressure, many students are unable t adapt t the life f senir three and d nt knw hw t deal with the psychlgical burden caused by study. （運用了with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)和過去分詞作定語）
【高分句型2】On the ther hand, as far as I am cncerned, in additin t what mentined abve, many students als have a lt f cnfusin abut hw t deal with interpersnal relatins.（運用了what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句）
聽力原文錄音文字稿
A．hused B．simply C．tie D．stretch E．return F．fellw
G．previusly H．sensitive I．trapped J．minimal K．immature

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