知識精講
知識點01 目標詞匯
原文：All f them cme up with creative ideas n hw t slve these prblems.
他們都對如何解決這些問題提出了創(chuàng)造性的想法。
【詞塊積累】
cme back 回來；記起；恢復(fù)原狀，重新流行
cme ut 出現(xiàn)；出版；結(jié)果是
cme int 進入；得到
cme n v. 快點；開始；要求；上演；跟著來；突然產(chǎn)生
cme up 走近；發(fā)生；開始；上升；發(fā)芽；被提出
cme in 進來；到達；流行起來
cme up with 提出；想出；趕上
cme acrss v. 偶遇；無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)；講得清楚明白；[口]給人…印象
【鏈接高考】
（2020新課標卷II）She trying t cme up with a label t attach t nutria fashins t shw it is ec-friendly.
她試圖為海貍鼠的時裝設(shè)計一個標簽，以表明它是環(huán)保的。
（2019全國卷I）Researchers frm Gergia Tech say that they have cme up with a lw-cst device(裝置) that gets arund this prblem: a smart keybard. 來自佐治亞理工學(xué)院的研究人員說，他們發(fā)明了一種低成本的設(shè)備，這種設(shè)備可以解決這個問題：智能鍵盤。
【跟蹤典例】完成句子
①Can yu tell me hw the accident _______________ in that regin？
你能告訴我在那個地區(qū)事故是怎樣發(fā)生的嗎？
②I ______________ an article n hw t build up my bdy ne day.
一天我偶然看到一篇關(guān)于如何增強體質(zhì)的文章。
③It is said that the bk abut wildlife will _____________ next mnth.
據(jù)說，關(guān)于野生動物的書將于下個月出版。
2. applicatin n. 應(yīng)用, 運用; 申請
原文：Sme call fr the applicatin f mdern technlgy, and thers a change f lifestyle.
【詞塊積累】
(1)make an applicatin (t……) fr…… (向……)申請……
(2)apply v. 運用; 申請; 應(yīng)用
apply t d sth. 申請做某事
apply……t…… 將……用在……上
apply (t sb) fr sth. (向某人)申請某物
apply neself t (ding) sth. 致力于/專心于(做)某事
(3)applicant n. 申請人
【鏈接高考】
（2019天津卷）Hwever, technlgy is als the applicatin f scientific knwledge t slve a prblem, tuching lives in cuntless ways. 然而，技術(shù)也是應(yīng)用科學(xué)知識來解決問題，以無數(shù)的方式影響著人們的生活。
（2018北京卷）They cme t camp, wanting t knw what it is like t be an astrnaut r a pilt, and they leave with real-wrld applicatins fr what they’re studying in the classrm. 他們來到夏令營，想要知道宇航員或飛行員是什么樣子的，他們離開時帶著現(xiàn)實的應(yīng)用程序并應(yīng)用在課堂上。
【跟蹤典例】完成句子
(1)Nw researchers are scientific methds _______________ the study f the art.
(2)Jhn and hundreds f yung peple like him are applying _________________the pst f the typist.
(3)Nw a lt f new technlgies can be applied t_______________ (slve) prblems in industry.
(4)The new technlgy, if _________(apply) t rice grwing, will help increase the grain utput.
Key:
3. spring t mind 馬上想到，突然記起(或想到)
原文：When yu think f a fearsme hunter, images f lins and sharks may spring t mind.
【詞塊積累】
mind 記住……
lse ne's mind 失去理智
mind 使……想起
cme t mind 突然想起
change ne's mind 改變主意
make up ne's mind 打定主意；下定決心(mind的形式隨ne的單復(fù)數(shù)變化而變化)
【鏈接高考】
（2021新高考I卷）When the explrers first set ft upn the cntinent f Nrth America, the skies and lands were alive with an astnishing variety f wildlife.
當探險家們第一次踏上北美大陸時，天空和陸地上生活著種類繁多的野生動物。
（2020浙江卷）Hwever, a variety f types is represented here. These include cmedy, satire, pignant drama, histrical and reginal drama.
但是，這里展示了各種類型。其中包括喜劇、諷刺劇、辛酸劇、歷史劇和地方劇。
（2016全國卷III）Visiting an apple event is a gd chance t see, and ften taste, a wide variety f apples.
參加蘋果活動是一個很好的機會，可以看到和品嘗各種各樣的蘋果。
【跟蹤典例】完成句子
①I can't seem t spring ___________mind the name f the bkshp where I bught the bk.
②After graduatin frm cllege, they made up their minds __________(g) and settle in the cuntryside.
③We have made up ur ______________(mind) t g n a jurney t Tibet.
④We need t _________________________________(記住) what ur gals are.
⑤Hearing that they wuld prtect thse insects frm extinctin，she ____________________.
聽見他們要保護那些昆蟲免于滅絕，她改變了主意。
⑥Suddenly a terrible thught ______________________.
突然，一個可怕的念頭出現(xiàn)在我的腦海里。
get rid f擺脫; 丟棄; 扔掉
原文:The smg in the air has clured the sky a smky grey; it’s als given me a cugh that I can’t get rid f. 空氣中的煙霧把天空染成了灰蒙蒙的煙灰, 還使我無法擺脫地咳嗽。
【詞塊積累】
rid…… f …… 使……擺脫……; 使……丟棄……
rid neself f 擺脫/去掉……
get/be rid f 消除掉……, 丟掉……
【鏈接高考】
（2021全國甲卷）It's the best way t get rid f yur used clthes, scre clthes frm yur friends, and have a party all at the same time.這是扔掉舊衣服、從朋友那里買衣服、同時開派對的最好方法。
（2020天津卷）Thanks t the Silence Machine, a British inventin, yu can get rid f the sund withut upsetting the by r his parents.
多虧了英國發(fā)明的“消音器”，你可以在不讓男孩或他的父母感到不安的情況下消除聲音。
（2018全國卷I）We may think we’re a culture that gets rid f ur wrn technlgy at the first sight f smething shiny and new, but a new study shws that we keep using ur ld devices (裝置) well after they g ut f style. 我們可能認為我們的文化是一看到閃亮的新東西就會拋棄舊的科技產(chǎn)品，但一項新的研究表明，舊設(shè)備過時后，我們?nèi)詴^續(xù)使用它們。
【跟蹤典例】完成句子
(1)We are trying t rid ur cmpany _______________these debts.
(2)He struggles t rid___________ (he) f his fears.
(3)I can't _________________rid f this headache.
(4)We ______________ ur unwelcme guests by saying we had t g t bed.
我們說必須要上床睡覺了，這才把那一幫不受歡迎的客人打發(fā)走。
5. defence n.辯護；防御，保護；防御物；國防；防守
原文：In defence f the factries, hwever, I’d like t pint ut that we als try t cntrl the amunt f pllutin we prduce.
【詞塊積累】
(1) in defense f 保護；為了保衛(wèi)；(為……)辯護
cme t ne’s defense 出來保護某人
in ne’s defense 為某人辯護；站在某人一邊
(2) defend vt.保衛(wèi)；保護
(ding...)防御；保護……以免受……
defend neself自衛(wèi)；為自己辯護
【鏈接高考】
（2015安徽卷）When an individual ant cmes under attack r is dying, it sends ut an alarm phermne t warn the clny t prepare fr a cnflict as a defense unit.
當一只螞蟻受到攻擊或瀕臨死亡時，它會發(fā)出警報信息素，警告整個蟻
群作為一個防御單位做好戰(zhàn)斗準備。
【跟蹤典例】完成句子
①They were fighting like lins in defence _______________ their hmeland.
②As a famus plitician nce said, attack is the best methd f ______________(defend).
③The PLA defends ur mtherland_____________________ being attacked.
6.cnsequence n.結(jié)果,后果；重要性
【詞塊積累】
(1) as a cnsequence＝in cnsequence 結(jié)果；因此
as a cnsequence f＝in cnsequence f由于……的緣故
(2) cnsequent adj.作為結(jié)果的；隨之發(fā)生的
(3) cnsequently adv.所以；因此；結(jié)果
【鏈接高考】
(2019·全國卷Ⅰ)Enviable as the cl kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein’s studies shw unpleasant cnsequences.
盡管這些酷孩子看起來令人羨慕, 普林斯坦博士的研究顯示了不愉快的后果。
(2020·全國Ⅰ卷) I wnder if parents shuld always tell the truth n matter the cnsequences.
我想知道父母是否應(yīng)該一直不計后果地講真話。
（2019江蘇卷）This belief in "pst-industrial sciety" has led thse cuntries t neglect their manufacturing sectr(制造業(yè)) with negative cnsequences fr their ecnmies.
這種對“后工業(yè)社會”的信念導(dǎo)致這些國家忽視了他們的制造業(yè)，對他們的經(jīng)濟產(chǎn)生了負面影響。
（2017北京卷）Fr the machine, this quality is nt in-brn, nr is it smething intrduced by humans; it is a lgical cnsequence f the simple fact that the machine cannt achieve its riginal purpse if it is dead.
對于機器來說，這種品質(zhì)既不是天生的，也不是人類引入的; 這是一個簡單事實的邏輯推論，即如果機器壞了，它就不能達到它最初的目的。
【跟蹤典例】完成句子
1.The warming f the earth and the ________________ (cnsequence) climatic changes impact n us all.
2.Finally the yung man brke dwn ____________________________________________ great stress.
因為壓力太大，最后那個年輕人崩潰了。
3.My car brke dwn and _________________ (cnsequent) I was late fr the imprtant meeting.
4.The yung man was ften late fr wrk. As a result，he was fired by the cmpany.→______________________________________________________
知識點02 重點句型
1.With pllutin levels n the rise.. 隨著污染水平的上升……
【句式分析】
本句中“with+n.+介詞短語”為with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中常作狀語、定語等。
【with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)】

形容詞/副詞/介詞短語(表示狀態(tài)）
現(xiàn)在分詞（表示主動意義，強調(diào)動作
正在進行）
with+n./prn. + 賓補 + 過去分詞(表示被動意義，強調(diào)動作的
完成）
不定式(表示尚未發(fā)生的動作)
【經(jīng)典例句】
例：She came t a river with green grass and red flwers n bth sides.
她來到了一個兩邊長著紅花綠草的小河邊。
例：With the by leading the way, we had n difficulty in finding his hme.
有這個男孩帶路，我們找到他家沒有困難。
With the key lst,he had t wait utside the dr.
由于鑰匙丟了，他只好在門外等。
With s much wrk t d,I have n time fr a hliday.
有那么多工作要做，我沒有時間去度假。
【跟蹤典例】完成句子
① With a lt f difficult prblems ________(settle), the manager felt wrried all the time.
② Jhn received an invitatin t dinner, and with his wrk _______ (finish), he gladly accepted it.
③ The day was bright, with a fresh breeze _______ (blw).
④ I sat in my rm fr a few minutes with my eyes _____ (fix) n the ceiling.
⑤ With all the wrk _____ (d), I wn't have time t g ut.
⑥這個男孩低著頭站在那兒。
The by std there _________________.
能力拓展
分層提分
題組A 基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練
一、根據(jù)漢語意思填寫單詞
1．We shuld be able t sell the huse at a ________ (利益).
2．He is an ________(絕對地) brilliant singer.
3．I wuld appreciate it if yu culd take my ______ (申請) int accunt.
4．One f the ________ (組織)taking part in the fair will be awarded.
5．Due t the ruling f Spain, Spanish is the ________ (官方的)language f Peru.
6．Smetimes, we shuld fcus mre n the ____________ (過程) and less n the result.
7．Students use sme reading________(策略) t enhance their understanding f the passage.
8．As a cach, she led the China wmen’s vlleyball team t win ________(獎牌) at wrld champinships and the Olympics.
9．The ________ (小冊子)details a wide chice f htels, apartments and hliday hmes.
10．I happened t meet my ________(以前的) English teacher this mrning, wh I hadn’t seen fr years.
二、用單詞的適當形式完成句子
11．The aims f the ________(rganize) are whlly peaceful.
12．As is advertised in the newspaper, yu had better fill in the _________(apply) frm if yu are willing t get the well-paid jb.
13．She accepted the jb withut ________ (prtest).
14．The left part f the brain is the place where language is________(prcess).
15．As China plays a greater rle in __________ (glbe) affairs, an increasing number f internatinal students are beginning t learn Chinese.
16．I _______(abslute)supprt yur pinin.
17．The research prject invlves _______ (track) the careers f 400 graduates.
18．It’s a situatin that calls ______ a blend f delicacy and frce.
19．As ________cnsequence, theses children are deserted.
20．The ending f this bk is _______ （entire）predictable.
21．The cause f anger are_______(vary).
22．The best ________(defend) is t attack.
23．The man gt ________(pisnus) after drinking the water in the bttle.
24．David threatened t reprt his neighbr t the plice if the ________ (damage) were nt paid.
25．Rapid ________ (ecnmy) develpment threatens animal habitats.
26．Future 3D fd printers culd make ________ (prcess) fd healthier.
27．She is shwing families hw t prepare delicius and ________ (nutrient) meals n a tight budget.
28．T learn a subject well, yu shuld get t knw sme learning __________ (strategy).
29．Nwadays many businessmen pay t much attentin t the __________ (ecnmy ) benefits rather than the eclgical benefits.
30．A mnument was built in memry f thse sldiers wh died in __________ (defend) f ur cuntry.
31．The ________(glbe) ppulatin is expected t grw t 9.6 billin by 2050.
32．Nthing is ________(abslute) right in the wrld, s we shuld learn t lk at the wrld frm different perspectives.
33．He was very upset because his ________(apply) had been turned dwn.
34．He pened his muth as if ________(say) smething.
35．He was bitten by a ________(pisn) snake and was sent t the hspital immediately.
題組B 能力提升練
三、閱讀理解
Smething’s happening at the lwest pint n ur planet, sme 1,388 feet belw the sea level.
The Dead Sea, a salt lake clse t Israel, Jrdan and the West Bank, is shrinking at an alarming rate — abut 3.3 feet per year, accrding t the envirnmentalist grup EcPeace Middle East. And human actins are largely t blame.
“It’s nt just like ne cuntry is punishing the Dead Sea; it's mre like the whle regin，” said phtgrapher Mritz Küstner, wh visited the area in February t wrk n his series “The Dying Dead Sea”.
The Dead Sea needs water frm the ther natural surces surrunding it, such as the Jrdan River basin. But arund the 1960s, sme f the water surces it relied upn were diverted.
Mineral extractin industries are anther main reasn why the water levels are declining, experts say. The Dead Sea’s minerals have been ppular fr their medical pwer and can ften be fund in csmetics (化妝品) and ther cnsumer prducts.
And then, f curse, there’s the Middle East’s ht, dry climate, which makes it difficult fr the lake t refill itself.
Israel and Jrdan have signed a $900 millin deal in an effrt t stabilize the Dead Sea’s water levels.
It invlves building a canal frm the Red Sea t the Dead Sea s that bth cuntries wuld be able t nt nly supply water t Israel and Jrdan but als t pump much needed water — sme 300 millin cubic meters annually — int the Dead Sea.
“This is the mst imprtant and significant agreement since the peace treaty with Jrdan (in 1994),” said Silvan Shalm, Israel’s energy and water resurces minister at the time.
Whether the canal — estimated t take three years t cmplete — will wrk ut psitively and as planned remains t be seen.
36．Mritz Küstner visited the Dead Sea t ________.
A．sht TV series abut peple's actin there
B．make a survey abut the sea level
C．d his phtgraphic series wrk
D．research int envirnmental prblems
37．Which f the fllwing statements is NOT the reasn fr the water levels’ declining?
A．The ther natural surces the Dead Sea relied n were switched.
B．The Dead Sea's minerals have been dug and used in sme prducts.
C．The Middle East's climate makes the lake itself difficult t stre water.
D．Israel and Jrdan are the tw cuntries t destry the Dead Sea.
38．What measure has been taken t save the Dead Sea?
A．Bringing in water frm the Red Sea.
B．Intrducing water frm Israel and Jrdan.
C．Taking Israel's energy and water resurces.
D．Struggling fr internatinal supprt.
39．What des the passage mainly tell us?
A．Why the Dead Sea is dying and the measures taken t save it.
B．Hw imprtant the Dead Sea is in Israel, Jrdan and the West Bank.
C．Hw t slve the prblem that the Dead Sea is being destryed.
D．Prtecting the envirnment is in n hurry all ver the wrld.
題組C 培優(yōu)拔尖練
四、用單詞的適當形式完成短文
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Gu Ying, wh was a well-trained paraglider(滑翔傘運動員).____40____(be)nw a wildlife pht taker.“I hpe the public will learn abut the wild animals thrugh my pictures, and then help prtect them frm____41____(die)ut, ”says Gu. As the leader f the Hh Xil Natinal Nature Reserve invited her____42____(take)pictures f Hh Xil in nrthwestern China’s Qinghai Prvince, Gu has spent much time taking pictures f wild animals there since 2016.
July 7th, 2017 is the day____43____Hh Xil was added t the wrld heritage list because f different species f animals in its nature reserve. Gu prvides her pictures and vides____44____researchers t help them d research and shares her____45____(persn)experiences in Hh Xil with teachers and students frm primary and middle schls. “There are few____46____(pht)f the animals and plants in the deppulated(人口減少的)zne. What I’m ding nw____47____(certain) desn’t just mean taking beautiful pictures; it als means intrducing the species n earth t mre peple, s the public will pay attentin t the species,”says Gu. “I feel____48____strng sense f respnsibility t let peple knw the imprtance f wildlife____49____(prtect)thrugh shwing pictures f the species in Hh Xil,”says Gu.
目標詞匯
1. ________vt.& vi.跟蹤，追蹤
n.足跡，蹤跡；小道；軌道；跑道；路線
2. ________n.生活環(huán)境，棲息地
3. ________adv.無處，哪里都不
4. ________n.居民，住戶
5. ________n.首領(lǐng)，最高領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人 adj.主要的，首席的
6. ________vi.反對，抗議 vt.堅持聲稱，申辯 n.抗議，反對
7. ________n.過程，進程；步驟，流程 vt.加工，處理
8. ________n.政策，方針；原則
9. ________n.(政府或機構(gòu))部門；分部；樹枝；支流；分支
10. ________n.策略，行動計劃；策劃，部署
11. ________vt.回收利用，再利用
12. ________adj.昔日的，前任的；以前的，從前的
13. ________n.官員，要員 adj.公務(wù)的；正式的，官方的
14. ________n.貧窮，貧困；貧乏
15. ________adj.全球的；全面的
→________n.球體
16. ________n.應(yīng)用，運用；申請
→ ________v.申請；應(yīng)用
17. ________n.組織，團體；組織工作；安排；條理
→________vt.組織
→________n.組織者
18. ________adv.絕對地，完全地；極其
→ ________adj.絕對的；完全的
19. ________adv.完全地，全部地，完整地
→ ________adj.完全的
20. ________n.利潤，收益；好處 vi.& vt.獲益，得到好處
→ ________adj.有利潤的，盈利的
21. ________n.辯護；防御，保護；防御物；國防；防守
→ ________vt.保護；防御
22. ________adj.經(jīng)濟的，經(jīng)濟上的；可賺錢的
→ ________n.經(jīng)濟
23. ________vt.污染；毒死，毒害 n.毒物，毒藥
→________adj.有毒的
24. ________n.化學(xué)制品 adj.化學(xué)的；化學(xué)作用的
→________n.化學(xué)
25. ________n.結(jié)果，后果；重要性
→________adj.隨之而來的
→________adv.結(jié)果
26. ________adj.更多的,更進一步的 adv.較遠,更遠；進一步 vt.促進,增進
→________adj.&adv.遠的
→________adj.&adv.最遠的/地
→________adj.&adv.更遠的/地
目標短語
1. ________想出，想到
2. ________(公開)要求；需要
3. ________突然記起(或想到)
4. ________擺脫，丟棄，扔掉
5. ________使發(fā)生(或存在)
6. ________漏掉
7. ________參加
8. ________把……分成……
9. ________報名
10. ________為了保護……
11. ________指出
12. ________擔心……
13. ________尋找……
14. ________手拉手
句型
1.with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

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