Unit 12單元知識(shí)清單 Section B 基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)清單 二、知識(shí)點(diǎn)清單 知識(shí)點(diǎn)①：【教材原句】My sister finished high school two weeks ago.兩周前我姐姐中學(xué)畢業(yè)了。 【常見(jiàn)用法】ago為副詞，意為“以前”，常用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)，跟在表示時(shí)間段的表達(dá)之后。 They moved to the new house some time ago.他們?cè)谝欢螘r(shí)間以前搬到了新房子。 I saw her a few minutes ago.幾分鐘前我看見(jiàn)她了。 典例［四川樂(lè)山中考·改編］ －There is someone knocking at the door. －It must be the repairman(修理工）。I called him to come to fix(修理）our fridge two hours . A.before B.after C.ago 【解析】句意為：－有人正在敲門(mén)。－肯定是修理工。兩小時(shí)前，我打電話(huà)讓他來(lái)修我們的冰箱。根據(jù)句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞called 可知，本句時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)應(yīng)表示過(guò)去。ago意為“以前”，通常用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)，跟在表示時(shí)間段的表達(dá)之后，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。 【答案】C 知識(shí)點(diǎn)②：【教材原句】The next morning,my sister and I got a terrible surprise.第二天早上，我和姐姐大吃一驚。 【常見(jiàn)用法】surprise 作名詞，意為“驚奇；驚訝”；surprise也可用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“使吃驚”。 What a surprise to find you here!真想不到能在這找到你！ His strange question surprised her.他奇怪的問(wèn)題令她感到意外。 【背例句·學(xué)搭配】 I got/had a surprise when I saw the bill.當(dāng)我看到賬單時(shí)我很吃驚。 Bill looked at him in surprise.比爾驚訝地看著他。 To everyone's surprise, they got married.使所有人吃驚的是，他們結(jié)婚了。 搭配收藏 ①get/have a surprise 吃驚 ②in surprise 驚訝地 ③to one's surprise 使某人吃驚的是 【聯(lián)想拓展】surprise的形容詞形式有兩種，即surprised 和 surprising.surprised意為“吃驚的；驚訝的”，一般用來(lái)修飾人，表達(dá)人的感受；surprising意為“令人驚訝的”，一般用來(lái)修飾事物。 He looked surprised to know the result of the test.他知道了考試結(jié)果，看起來(lái)很吃驚。 She told me a surprising thing.她告訴我一件令人吃驚的事。 知識(shí)點(diǎn)③：【教材原句】I was so scared that I couldn't move.我很害怕，一動(dòng)都不敢動(dòng)。 【常見(jiàn)用法】move作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“移動(dòng)”，后接地點(diǎn)名詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)加介詞to,move to...意為“搬到······”；此外 move還可作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“（使）改變位置；（使）移動(dòng)”。 "Come on,”P(pán)eter said. But no one moved.“快點(diǎn)，”彼得說(shuō)。但是沒(méi)有人動(dòng)。 When did Steve move to New York?史蒂夫什么時(shí)候搬到紐約的？ Could you move your car,please? It's blocking the road.你能把車(chē)挪一下嗎？它擋著路了。 典例［重慶中考A卷·改編］ They don't live here any longer.They to Chengdu last month. A.arrived B.moved C.lived 【解析】句意為：他們不再住在這里了。他們上個(gè)月搬到成都去了。move to...為固定搭配，意為“搬到·····”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。arrive 意為“到達(dá)”，后接表示地點(diǎn)的詞時(shí)一般要加介詞in或at;live意為“居?。簧睢?，后接表示地點(diǎn)的詞時(shí)一般要加介詞in. 【答案】B 知識(shí)點(diǎn)④：【教材原句】My dad started to jump up and down in their tent.我的爸爸開(kāi)始在他們的帳篷里上下跳動(dòng)。 【常見(jiàn)用法】start作動(dòng)詞，意為“開(kāi)始；著手”，其近義詞為 begin.start to do sth.相當(dāng)于 start doingsth.,意為“開(kāi)始做某事”。此外，start 作動(dòng)詞還可意為“動(dòng)身；出發(fā)”。 A healthy breakfast is a good way to start the day.一頓健康的早餐是開(kāi)始一天（生活）的好方式。 He got up and started running again.他起床又開(kāi)始跑。 We have to start early to get there on time.我們不得不早出發(fā)以按時(shí)到那里。 【聯(lián)想拓展】含有start的其他常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)： start with...以······開(kāi)始 start out 開(kāi)始；出發(fā) start over重新開(kāi)始 知識(shí)點(diǎn)⑤：【教材原句】This woke the snake up and it moved into the forest near the lake.這弄醒了蛇，它爬進(jìn)了湖附近的森林里。 【常見(jiàn)用法】wake 作動(dòng)詞，意為“弄醒；醒”，常與副詞up連用。wake...up/wake up...意為“把··.··弄醒”，當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)可以放在wake與up中間或up后面；當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)是代詞時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)應(yīng)放在wake與up中間。 Do not wake up the baby.別把寶寶吵醒了。 I'll wake you up when it's time to leave.到要走的時(shí)候我會(huì)叫醒你。 【背例句·學(xué)搭配】 My grandparents usually wake up early.我爺爺奶奶通常醒得早。 搭配收藏 wake up 醒來(lái) 知識(shí)點(diǎn)⑥：There we put up our tents and made a fire to keep us warm and cook food on. 我們?cè)谀抢锎钇饚づ瘛⑸鹑∨鲲垺?【知識(shí)詳解】put up 意為“搭起；舉起”， 如：Let’s put up the tent.讓我們將帳篷搭起來(lái)吧。 【拓展】keep 意為“保持”，其后常接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，表示使某人/某物保持某種狀態(tài)或使某一動(dòng)作繼續(xù)。 keep doing sth 不停的做某事。 如： He kept talking until the meeting was over. 他說(shuō)個(gè)不停，一直到會(huì)議結(jié)束。 keep sb. doing sth 使某人一直做某事。 如：I’m sorry I’ve kept you waiting.很抱歉，讓你久等了。 (3) keep +sb./sth + adj. 使某人/某物保持某種狀態(tài)。如：keep healthy 保持健康 知識(shí)點(diǎn)⑦：But I was so tired that I went to sleep early. 但我很累，很早就去睡了。 【知識(shí)詳解】句中so ... that ...?的意思是“如此……以至于……”。 如：He is so young that he can’t look after himself. 他如此小以至于不能照顧自己。 知識(shí)點(diǎn)⑧：When we looked out of tent, we saw a big snake sleeping near the fire.我們從帳篷向外面看起，看到了一條大蛇正在篝火邊睡覺(jué)。 【知識(shí)詳解】①look out “小心，當(dāng)心”，look out of… “向……外看”。如： He looked out of the window when he heard a noise.他聽(tīng)見(jiàn)噪音后看向窗外。 ②see sb. doing sth “看見(jiàn)某人正在做某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。see sb. do sth “看見(jiàn)某人做過(guò)某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)某動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束，也指經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作。 如：I saw him smoking in the room. 我看見(jiàn)他正在房間里吸煙。 三、單元寫(xiě)作 本單元的寫(xiě)作任務(wù)是寫(xiě)一篇關(guān)于周末或假日期間一些活動(dòng)的文章。在寫(xiě)作過(guò)程中，要求我們熟悉一些活動(dòng)名稱(chēng)的表述，能夠運(yùn)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，按照時(shí)間先后順序正確、具體而又生動(dòng)地描述各時(shí)間段都做了些什么事情。 常用句型： On Saturday morning, I played… The weather was…, so I went to…with… On Sunday night, … The next day, … Though we were very tired, we enjoyed ourselves very much. 例文 Saturday, May 5th Fine Today, I went to the small island not far from my home with my friends. We had a happy picnic there. I got up very early in the morning. After breakfast, I walked to the bank of the river quickly. We met each other there at 8:15. The island is in the middle of the river. We took a boat there. First, one of my friends showed us around the island. We saw all kinds of flowers and trees here and there on it. And then we began to take photos of the island. After that we sang and danced happily. At 12:00, we had our lunch. In the afternoon, we played football. We went home very late. Though we were very tired, we were very happy. What a wonderful picnic we had today! 一 假如你是王娟，請(qǐng)根據(jù)表格提示，寫(xiě)一篇60詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文，向大家介紹一下你上周末的活動(dòng)，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。短文的開(kāi)頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。 I’m Wang Juan. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I’m Wang Juan. I had a busy but happy weekend. On Saturday morning, I went to a bookstore. I bought some books about history there. In the afternoon, I played volleyball with my friends at the park. The next morning, I stayed at home and did my homework. I went to the movies with my brother on Sunday afternoon. The movie was very interesting.[來(lái)源:學(xué)科網(wǎng)ZXXK] Words1. *fly /fla?/ v. (flew /flu:/)飛 2. *kite /ka?t/ n.風(fēng)箏 3. high /ha?/ adj.&adv. 高的(地) 4. ago /?'g??/adv.以前 5. *India /'?ndi?/ n.印度 6. *tent /tent/ n.帳篷 7. *moon /mu:n/ n.月亮 8. surprise/s?(r)'pra?z/n.驚奇;驚訝; v.使吃驚 9. *snake /sne?k/ n.蛇 10. scared /ske?d/, /skerd/ adj.驚慌的;嚇壞了的 11. move /mu:v/ v.移動(dòng) 12. start /stɑ:(r)t/ v.開(kāi)始;著手 13. jump /d??mp/ v.跳;躍 14. wake /we?k/ v.(woke /w??k/)弄醒;醒 15. into /'?ntu:/ prep.到……里面;進(jìn)入 16. *forest /'f?r?st/, /'f?:r?st/n.森林 17. *ear /??/, /?r/ n.耳朵 詞匯拓展： 1. scare—scared(形容詞) 2. up—down(反義詞) 3. read—read(過(guò)去式) 4. wake—woke(過(guò)去式)—sleep(對(duì)應(yīng)詞) 5. start—begin(同義詞)—end /finish(對(duì)應(yīng)詞) 6. use—useful(形容詞) 7. fly—flew(過(guò)去式) 8. sit—sat(過(guò)去式) 9. high(形容詞)—height(名詞) 10. India(名詞)—Indian(形容詞)Phrases1. fly a kite放風(fēng)箏 2. put up搭起；舉起 3. get a surprise吃驚 =feel surprised 4. up and down上上下下；起伏 5. a special gift一件特殊的禮物 6. on the first night在第一個(gè)夜晚 7. go to sleep入睡，睡著 =be asleep 8. read a book about…讀關(guān)于…的書(shū) 9. start to do sth.開(kāi)始做某事=begin doing sth. 10. move into搬進(jìn) 11. something interesting有趣的事情 12. finish high school高中畢業(yè) 13. clean one's room打掃房間 14. on Saturday night在周六晚上 = on the night of Saturday 15. stay at home待在家里 16. talk show脫口秀 17. high school中學(xué) 18. each other互相；彼此 = one another 19. shout to… 對(duì)……大聲喊叫 20. wake…up把……弄醒 21. take a long bus ride to乘長(zhǎng)途車(chē)去 22. keep sb. warm使某人暖和 23. tell a story講故事 =tell stories 24. look out of朝外看 25. know about知道關(guān)于 26. jump up and down跳上跳下 27. make a fire生火 28. feel…doing sth. 覺(jué)得……正在做某事 29. see…doing sth. 看見(jiàn)……正在做某事 30. so…that… 如此……以至于…… 31. have dinner with sb.和某人一起吃晚飯 32. have a busy weekend度過(guò)一個(gè)繁忙的周末 33. study for… 為……學(xué)習(xí) Sentences1. 我的姐姐兩周前高中畢業(yè)了。 My sister finished high school two weeks ago. 2. 第二天早晨，我姐姐和我大吃一驚。 The next morning, my sister and I got a terrible surprise. 3. 他們有一份多么有趣的工作??！ What an interesting job they have! 4. 作為一份特殊的禮物，我爸媽帶著我們?nèi)チ擞《取?As a special gift, our parents took us to India. 5. 在那里我們搭起帳篷，生火取暖并做飯。 There we put up our tents and made a fire to keep us warm and cook food on. 6. 我如此累以至于很早就睡著了。 I was so tired that I went to sleep early. 7. 當(dāng)我們向帳篷外面看時(shí)，我們看見(jiàn)一條大蛇正在火附近睡覺(jué)。 When we looked out of our tent, we saw a big snake sleeping near the fire. 8. 這吵醒了蛇，它爬到湖附近的森林里了。 This woke the snake up and it moved into the forest near the lake. 9. 這對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是很有用的一課。 This was a very useful lesson for me.Writing談?wù)撝苣┗蚣偃掌陂g發(fā)生的事情星期六上午去書(shū)店買(mǎi)書(shū)星期六下午[來(lái)源:Zxxk.Com]去公園打排球星期天上午在家寫(xiě)作業(yè)[來(lái)源:學(xué)科網(wǎng)]星期天下午去電影院看電影

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