?豐臺區(qū)2023-2024學年度第一學期期中練習
高一英語（B卷）
考試時間：90分鐘
筆試（共三部分 100分）
第一部分 知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）
第一節(jié)（共 10 小題；每小題 1.5 分，共 15 分）
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
I was lucky enough to test into the best high school in the city. But then came my ___1___: Am I good enough? It was a question that ___2___ me through my first month, even as I began to settle in, even as I got used to the early morning wake-ups and moving between buildings for class.
I knew I had to work to ground myself. My earliest strategy involved keeping quiet and trying to ___3___ my new classmates. Who were these kids anyway? How did they learn in school? All I knew was that they were the smartest kids in the city, obviously. ___4___ wasn’t I as well? Hadn’t I landed here because I was smart like them? The truth is that I didn’t know. This ___5___ was like a deadly cell(細胞) that threatened to divide and divide again, unless I could find some way to stop it.
Fortunately, my first round of grades turned out to be ___6___, and so did my second. Over the course of my first two years, I began to build the same kind of ___7___ I’d had at my previous school. With each little achievement, my doubt ___8___ took leave.
I loved any subject that involved writing and labored through math. I had classmates who were always a step or two ahead of me, whose achievements seemed effortless, but I tried not to let that get to me. I was beginning to understand that if I put in extra hours of studying, I could often ___9___ the gap. I wasn’t a straight-A student, but I was always ___10___ and I made progress.
1. A. excitement B. satisfaction C. anger D. worry
2. A. freed B. dogged C. warmed D. guided
3. A. observe B. admire C. support D. calm
4 A. Or B. So C. But D. For
5. A. guess B. doubt C. interest D. risk
6. A. excellent B. average C. different D. typical
7. A. responsibility B. friendship C. confidence D. teamwork
8. A. suddenly B. frequently C. accidentally D. slowly
9. A. close B. notice C. control D. create
10. A. expecting B. trying C. wondering D. suffering
第二節(jié)（共 10 小題；每小題 1.5 分，共 15 分）
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。
A
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
On the first day of my first grade, I ____11____ (stand) by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I voiced my biggest concern to my mother, “How will I make friends?” She ____12____ (hand) me advice, “Be yourself.” For the past 20 years, I ____13____ (live) by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously facing ____14____ (challenge), I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself.”
B
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
Saving nature is at the very heart of what we do as World Wildlife Fund (WWF). We protect wildlife for many reasons. It is a source of inspiration. It boosts a sense of wonder. It is fundamental (重要的) to the balance of nature. In our work, WWF ___15___ (focus) on saving populations of the most important species in the wild. ____16____ (final), by protecting species, we save this beautiful and irreplaceable planet ____17____ is called home.
C
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
After college I wanted to make a difference in the world, so I joined the Peace Corps and ____18____ (become) a volunteer teacher in Namibia. This was my first time going abroad and living ____19____ local people. Simply getting used to the living conditions was a big challenge. Honestly, my first choice wasn’t Africa, but I am thankful that I ____20____ (send) there. Before Namibia, I never thought I would adapt to such a situation. Step outside of your comfort zone and face the challenge. You won’t regret it.
第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）
第一節(jié)（共 14 小題；每小題 2 分，共 28 分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
A
Sunshine High School

EcoCentral
This website is all about looking after the Earth. There are facts about different animals as well as information about forests, deserts and oceans: You can upload your own videos onto the site for everyone to see.
TeenPress
This is one of the best sites on the web for teenagers who love writing. You can share your work with others, and there are message boards where you can chat about things that are important to you.
ChannelTwenty
On this site you can watch a daily news program and search for information about big news stories. There are also videos on different subjects, articles about famous bands, games and competitions.
Inside-the-cover
Finding out about your favorite writers is easy on this site. There are lots of interesting articles and information about the latest books. You can read blogs by well-known writers and post questions to them. And you are likely to get replies from them.
Tune-in
There are millions of songs on this website for you to download or listen to online. You can save your favorite songs in your own list. If you’re in a band, you can record your music and upload it. The website is large, but the menus are easy to use.
ScienceZone
There’s lots of information on this site about maths, chemistry and biology. You can visit some of the world’s most famous museums, or watch wildlife via webcams. There are also some very cool games, such as Save the Planet.

21. TeenPress is a website for teenagers who ________.
A. enjoy writing B. care about the Earth
C. like watching the news D. are interested in music
22. On Inside-the-cover, you can ________.
A. take writing classes B. share your articles
C. learn about the latest books D. answer the writers’ questions
23. If you like visiting online museums, which website is best for you?
A. EcoCentral. B. ScienceZone.
C. Tune-in. D. ChannelTwenty.
24. The author writes the passage to________.
A. introduce websites to teenagers
B. teach teenagers to design websites
C. encourage teenagers to create websites
D. compare different websites for teenagers
B
It was a week after my mom had passed away and I didn’t know how to go on with life. So when I received an email from a friend about a race benefiting cancer research, I ignored it. It seemed to prick my heart, as cancer was the disease that had taken my mother away from me.
But something about my friend’s words—“I can help organize the whole thing”—stuck with me. I felt obliged（有義務的）to agree. In the weeks to come, I managed to re-enter the world of the living. I checked our team’s website daily, feeling proud each time a donation ticked up our total. I knew my mom would have wanted it that way. She was the type who never got defeated. It was this very spirit that helped me get by.
When the race ended, I noticed the runners all had one thing in common: There were big smiles on their faces. They made it look so rewarding and effortless. I wanted in.
So I enrolled in another race two months later. Considering I could barely run a mile, it was ambitious. But my friend and I made a training plan so I wouldn’t come in last. I followed it religiously and didn’t let anything get in my way.
Running up and down the city’s hills, I was flooded with memories. I had lived there after college and my mother had visited often. I passed Bloomingdale’s, recalling the time she and I had gotten into a screaming argument there.
I was about to beat myself up when I remembered what Mom had said after her diagnosis of cancer. “I don’t want you to feel guilty about anything.” Her paper-thin hands had held me tightly. A weight lifted from my shoulders.
When the race day arrived, I gave it my all for my mom and for all she had taught me and continued to teach me. As I ran, whenever I felt like slowing down, I pictured her cheering me on.
Crossing the finish line, I was filled with her love and a sense of peace.
25. Why did the author ignore the email in the beginning?
A. She felt it hard to finish the race.
B. She had no time to join in the event.
C. She thought the research meaningless.
D She was reminded of her mother’s death.
26. What mainly helped the author recover from her mom’s death?
A. The company of her friends. B. The inspiration from her mom.
C. The pleasure in going for a run. D. The success in organizing an event.
27. Which of the words can best describe the author’s mom?
A. Considerate and polite. B. Brave and humorous.
C. Strong-willed and caring. D. Outgoing and patient.
28. What might be the best title for the passage?
A. How I Got Healed in Running B. The Loss of Sweet Memories
C. What Matters Most in Running D. The Rewards of Great Friendship
C
We rely on our memory not only for sharing stories with friends or learning from our past experiences, but we also use it for crucial things like creating a sense of personal identity. Yet evidence shows that our memory isn’t as consistent as we’d like to believe.
There are countless reasons why tiny mistakes might happen each time we recall past events, ranging from what we believe is true or wish were true, to what someone else told us about the past event, or what we want that person to think.
And whenever these mistakes happen, they can have long-term effects on how we’ll recall that memory in the future.
Take storytelling for example. When we describe our memories to other people, we might ask ourselves whether it’s vital to get the facts straight, or whether we only want to make the listener laugh. And we might change the story’s details depending on the listener’s attitudes. It isn’t only the message that changes, but sometimes it’s also the memory itself. This is known as the “audience-tuning effect”, showing us how our memories can change automatically over time, as a product of how, when, and why we access them.
In fact, sometimes simply the act of rehearsing(復述) a memory can be exactly what makes it susceptible(易受影響的)to change. This is known as “retrieval-enhanced suggestibility”. In a typical study of this effect, participants watched a short film, then took a memory test a few days later. But during the days between watching the film and taking the final test, two other things happened. First, half of the participants took a practice memory test. Second, all of the participants were given a description of the film to read, which contained some false details. Participants who took a practice memory test shortly before reading the false information were more likely to reproduce this false information in the final memory test.
Why might this be? One theory is that rehearsing our memories of past events can temporarily make those memories malleable. In other words, retrieving(找回)a memory might be a bit like taking ice-cream out of the freezer and leaving it in direct sunlight for a while. By the time our memory goes back into the freezer, it might have naturally become a little misshapen, especially if someone has influenced it purposely in the meantime.
These findings lead us to wonder how much our most treasured memories have changed since the very first time we remembered them. Remembering is an act of storytelling, after all. And our memories are only ever as reliable as the most recent story we told ourselves.
29. According to the “audience-tuning effect”, our memories can ________.
A change our personal identity B. correct mistakes on their own
C. determine our attitudes to others D. be affected by how we handle them
30. What can we infer from the study of “retrieval-enhanced suggestibility”?
A. Practice can make imperfect. B. Storytelling brings back memories.
C. Rehearsing contributes to better memories. D. Memory abilities vary from person to person.
31. What does the underlined word “malleable” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. Acceptable. B. Valuable. C. Changeable. D. Controllable.
D
Over millions of years humans have responded to certain situations without thinking too hard. If our ancestors spotted movement in the nearby forest, they would run first and question later. At the same time, the ability to analyze and to plan is part of what separates us from other animals. The question of when to trust your instinct (直覺)and when to think slow matters in the office as much as in the savannah(草原).
Slow thinking is the feature of a well-managed workplace. Yet instinct also has its place. Some decisions are more connected to emotional responses and less to analysis. In demanding customer-service or public-facing situations, instinct is often a better guide to how to behave.
Instinct can also be improved. Plenty of research has shown that instinct becomes more unerring with experience. In one well-known experiment, volunteers were asked to assess whether a selection of designer handbags were real or not. Some were instructed to operate on instinct and others to deliberate(深思熟慮)over their decision. Instinct worked better for those who owned at least three designer handbags; indeed, it outperformed analysis. The more expert you become, the better your instinct tends to be.
However, the real reason to embrace fast thinking is that it is, well, fast. It is often the only way to get through the day. To take one example, when your inbox floods with new emails at the start of a new day, there is absolutely no way to read them all carefully. Instinct is what helps you decide which ones to answer and which to delete or leave unopened. Fast thinking can also help the entire organization. The value of many managerial decisions lies in the simple fact that they have been made at all. Yet as data explodes, the temptation(誘惑)to ask for one more bit of analysis has become much harder to resist. Managers often suffer from overthinking, turning a simple problem into a complex one.
When to use instinct in the workplace rests on its own form of pattern recognition. Does the decision maker have real expertise in this area? Is this a field in which emotion matters more than reasoning? Above all, is it worth delaying the decision? Slow thinking is needed to get the big calls right. But fast thinking is the way to stop deliberation turning to a waste of time.
32. What does the underlined word “unerring” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Accurate. B. Creative. C. Controllable. D. Obvious.
33. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Managers can afford the cost of slow thinking.
B. Fast thinking can be a boost to work efficiency.
C. Slow thinking will hold us back in the long run.
D. Too much data is to blame for wrong decisions.
34 What is the author's purpose of writing the passage?
A. To explain how instinct works.
B. To compare instinct and slow thinking.
C. To highlight the value of instinct in the workplace.
D. To illustrate the development of different thinking patterns.
第二節(jié)（共 5 小題；每小題 2 分，共 10 分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
It won’t sound like a big surprise when I tell you that kindness plays an important role in a person’s wellbeing. It can lead to changes like higher self-esteem(自尊心) and lower blood pressure. Even just witnessing acts of kindness can make us happier.
____35____ “From giving away a cup of hot chocolate in a park to giving away a gift in the lab, those performing an act of kindness consistently underestimated how positive their receivers would feel, thinking their act was of less value than receivers perceived it to be,” states a study.
____36____ Yet, why is there this difference between what we think someone will feel from an act of kindness versus what they do feel? Why do we underestimate the impact we have on others?
Many of us don’t have a real sense of our value. It’s been estimated that as many as 85 percent of people struggle with low self-esteem. ____37____ This “voice” tends to shift our focus inward assessing our every move, and having bad effect on our relationships.
Unlike a conscience(良心), this inner critic doesn’t motivate positive behavior. ____38____ It encourages us to hold back feeding us thoughts like, “Don’t stick your neck out”: “No one wants to hear from you”; and “You’re going to make a fool of yourself.”
One wonderful way to fight against our critical inner voice is through acts of being kind to others. ____39____ We must also try to see ourselves through the eyes of the people we affect. The degree to which we’re able to do that will help determine our own happiness along with the happiness we light up in others.
A. However, the work doesn’t stop there.
B. People may lower the value of their own kind comments.
C. We all carry around a “critical inner voice” that tends to put us down.
D. Instead of seeing what we have to offer, we may think of ourselves as a burden.
E. This misunderstanding suggests that people devalue their own actions in relation to others.
F. Instead, it turns us against ourselves, making us underestimate our beneficial effect on others.
G. Yet, people may not truly know the impact that even the smallest of kind acts can have on another person.
第三部分 書面表達（共兩節(jié)，32分）
第一節(jié)（共 12小題, 共 18 分）
閱讀下面文段，在設空處填入恰當?shù)脑~匯或短語。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。
40. I do a wide range of things online. I shop for various things online, such as books, computer hardware and other necessities. It’s so __________ to be able to compare the quality and prices from different online shops before I buy.（根據(jù)句意填空）
41. It usually takes me 20 minutes to get home by bus. I often use the time to review English words. As the popular saying goes, “Every minute __________!”(根據(jù)句意填空)
42. At school, I do my homework when I have spare time. After school, I try to use any possible time to __________ the things I have learnt during the day.（根據(jù)句意填空）
43. Zhang Tian’s first year is almost over. It has been a tough year, but he has enjoyed working with the children. The __________ Zhang Tian made to the village was great, so he became very popular among the villagers and they treated him as one of them.（根據(jù)句意填空）
44. He had met wonderful teachers from small villages during his early school years and he was __________ by them to go and teach where he was needed the most.（根據(jù)句意填空）
45. Living in the village was also more __________ than he had thought. The power and water supplies were unstable, so he could only shower every three or four days, and he had to learn how to cook.（根據(jù)句意填空）
46. Paul jumped up and rushed onto the court. And clearly, all the extra hours that he’d spent practicing alone __________. The other team just couldn’t keep up with his energy and speed.（根據(jù)句意填空）
47. Besides, anybody who is feeling down can go for a run to cheer themselves up. Even a thirty-minute run will provide __________ from aches or tension that you may be suffering due to stress.（根據(jù)句意填空）
48. This was not an easy task. The reason why this was difficult was that the team had __________ resources. They did not have enough staff, and the laboratory in which they worked had poor air quality.(根據(jù)句意填空)
49. Tu Youyou bravely __________ to be the first human subject when they were ready to start testing and the rest of her team followed her. The test was a success.（根據(jù)句意填空）
50. Tu Youyou was noted for her bravery in being a scientist during a difficult time for science in China, her ability to use old wisdom and new methods to reach her goals and the fact that her work __________ the Eastern and Western worlds, saving millions of lives.（根據(jù)句意填空）
51. Active learners do not judge people based on first __________ or personal feelings. Instead, they separate the message from the messenger.（根據(jù)句意填空）
第二節(jié)（14分）
52. 假設你是紅星中學高一學生李華。你的英國筆友Jim在給你的郵件中提到他最近學習壓力很大，他為此感到苦惱。請你給他回復郵件，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 表示理解；
2. 你的建議及理由。
注意：1．詞數(shù)100左右；
2．開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua


豐臺區(qū)2023-2024學年度第一學期期中練習
高一英語（B卷）
考試時間：90分鐘
筆試（共三部分 100分）
第一部分 知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）
第一節(jié)（共 10 小題；每小題 1.5 分，共 15 分）
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
I was lucky enough to test into the best high school in the city. But then came my ___1___: Am I good enough? It was a question that ___2___ me through my first month, even as I began to settle in, even as I got used to the early morning wake-ups and moving between buildings for class.
I knew I had to work to ground myself. My earliest strategy involved keeping quiet and trying to ___3___ my new classmates. Who were these kids anyway? How did they learn in school? All I knew was that they were the smartest kids in the city, obviously. ___4___ wasn’t I as well? Hadn’t I landed here because I was smart like them? The truth is that I didn’t know. This ___5___ was like a deadly cell(細胞) that threatened to divide and divide again, unless I could find some way to stop it.
Fortunately, my first round of grades turned out to be ___6___, and so did my second. Over the course of my first two years, I began to build the same kind of ___7___ I’d had at my previous school. With each little achievement, my doubt ___8___ took leave.
I loved any subject that involved writing and labored through math. I had classmates who were always a step or two ahead of me, whose achievements seemed effortless, but I tried not to let that get to me. I was beginning to understand that if I put in extra hours of studying, I could often ___9___ the gap. I wasn’t a straight-A student, but I was always ___10___ and I made progress.
1. A. excitement B. satisfaction C. anger D. worry
2. A. freed B. dogged C. warmed D. guided
3. A. observe B. admire C. support D. calm
4. A. Or B. So C. But D. For
5. A. guess B. doubt C. interest D. risk
6. A. excellent B. average C. different D. typical
7. A. responsibility B. friendship C. confidence D. teamwork
8. A. suddenly B. frequently C. accidentally D. slowly
9. A. close B. notice C. control D. create
10. A. expecting B. trying C. wondering D. suffering
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. B
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者轉(zhuǎn)到城里最好的高中之后的適應過程。從剛開始的自我懷疑，取得了小成績之后，疑慮慢慢消失，找回自信，并堅持一直努力，到最后取得成績和進步。
【1題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但隨之而來的是我的擔憂：我足夠好嗎？A. excitement興奮；B. satisfaction滿意；C. anger生氣；D. worry擔憂。根據(jù)后文“Am I good enough?(我夠好嗎？)”可知，作者對自己有所懷疑和“擔憂”。故選D項。
【2題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這個問題在我入學的第一個月里一直困擾著我，即使我已經(jīng)開始適應，即使我已經(jīng)習慣了清晨起床，在教學樓之間穿梭上課。A. freed釋放；B. dogged(長期)困擾；C. warmed溫暖；D. guided帶領。根據(jù)后文“even as I began to settle in, even as I got used to the early morning wake-ups and moving between buildings for class.”可推知，這個問題“困擾著”作者很長一段時間。故選B項。
【3題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我最早的策略是保持安靜，盡力觀察我的新同學。A. observe觀察；B. admire欽佩；C. support支持；D. calm使平靜下來。根據(jù)后文“Who were these kids anyway? How did they learn in school?(這些孩子到底是誰?他們在學校是怎么學習的?)”可知，作者在“觀察”班里的同學。故選A項。
【4題詳解】
考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：但我不也是嗎？A. Or或者；B. So因此；C. But但是；D. For因為。分析語境可知，前文“All I knew was that they were the smartest kids in the city, obviously.(我只知道他們顯然是城里最聰明的孩子)”可知，作者認為新的同學們都很聰明，后文“ 4 wasn’t I as well? (我不也是嗎？)”則是對自己的懷疑，前后文之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關系。故選C項。
【5題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這種懷疑就像一個致命的細胞，威脅著要分裂再分裂，除非我能找到辦法阻止它。A. guess猜測；B. doubt懷疑；C. interest使感興趣；D. risk冒風險。分析句子可知，“This”指代前文“ 4 wasn’t I as well? Hadn’t I landed here because I was smart like them?(但我不也是嗎？我來到這里不就是因為我和他們一樣聰明嗎？)”，這是作者初到新的學校和班級時對自己的“懷疑”。故選B項。
【6題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運的是，我的第一輪成績很優(yōu)秀，第二輪也是如此。A. excellent極好的；B. average普通的；C. different不同的；D. typical典型的。根據(jù)“Fortunately(幸運地是)”可推知，作者第一輪的成績應該“極好的”。故選A項。
【7題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在最初的兩年里，我開始建立起和在上一所學校時一樣的信心。 A. responsibility責任；B. friendship友誼；C. confidence信心；D. teamwork團隊合作。根據(jù)前文“Fortunately, my first round of grades turned out to be 6 , and so did my second.(幸運的是，我的第一輪成績很優(yōu)秀，第二輪也是如此)”可知，作者的成績保持的很好，這讓作者有了“信心”。故選C項。
【8題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著每一項小小的成就，我的疑慮慢慢消失了。A. suddenly突然；B. frequently頻繁地；C. accidentally意外地；D. slowly緩慢地。根據(jù)前文“With each little achievement(每一個小小的成就)”可知，隨著每取得一點成績，作者的自我懷疑就消失了，與“l(fā)ittle”相呼應，這里應是“slowly”，表達“慢慢地消失”。故選D項。
【9題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我開始明白，如果我多花幾個小時學習，我經(jīng)?？梢钥s小這種差距。A. close縮??；B. notice注意；C. control控制；D. create創(chuàng)造。分析語境可知，“the gap(差距)”應是指前文“always a step or two ahead of me”提及的與成績好的同學之間的差距，作者認為通過努力，可以“縮小”這種差距。故選A項。
【10題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我不是一個優(yōu)等生，但我一直在努力，而且我取得了進步。A. expecting期待；B. trying努力；C. wondering想知道；D. suffering遭受。根據(jù)后文“I made progress(我取得了進步)”可知，作者取得了進步是因為付出了“努力”。故選B項。
第二節(jié)（共 10 小題；每小題 1.5 分，共 15 分）
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。
A
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
On the first day of my first grade, I ____11____ (stand) by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I voiced my biggest concern to my mother, “How will I make friends?” She ____12____ (hand) me advice, “Be yourself.” For the past 20 years, I ____13____ (live) by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously facing ____14____ (challenge), I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself.”
【答案】11. stood##was standing
12. handed 13. have lived##have been living
14. challenges
【解析】
【導語】本文是篇記敘文。文章講述了作者二十年來，一直堅持第一天上學時媽媽告訴他的“做自己”，并且在今后的日子里，也會始終堅持“做自己”。
【11題詳解】
考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：在上一年級的第一天，我站在門邊，心里七上八下。分析句子可知，空處應為謂語動詞；根據(jù)時間狀語“On the first day of my first grade”和句意可知，應用一般過去時或過去進行時，表示過去發(fā)生的動作或當時正在發(fā)生的動作。故填stood/was standing。
【12題詳解】
考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：她給我的建議是:“做你自己?！狈治鼍渥涌芍?，空處應為謂語動詞；根據(jù)“voiced”和句意可知，本句還是在講述“On the first day of my first grade”（上一年級的第一天）所發(fā)生的事情，故應用一般過去時。故填handed。
【13題詳解】
考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：在過去的20年里，我一直以這句話為生。分析句子可知，空處應為謂語動詞；根據(jù)時間狀語“For the past 20 years”和句意可知，應用現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進行時，表示過去20年來已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動作或一直發(fā)生的動作，有可能會繼續(xù)下去。故填have lived/have been living。
【14題詳解】
考查名詞復數(shù)。句意：緊張面對挑戰(zhàn)時，我知道我會對自己低聲說“做你自己”這幾個簡單的字。分析句子可知，空處應為名詞，作賓語；challenge表示“挑戰(zhàn)”，為可數(shù)名詞，故應用復數(shù)形式，表泛指。故填challenges。
B
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
Saving nature is at the very heart of what we do as World Wildlife Fund (WWF). We protect wildlife for many reasons. It is a source of inspiration. It boosts a sense of wonder. It is fundamental (重要的) to the balance of nature. In our work, WWF ___15___ (focus) on saving populations of the most important species in the wild. ____16____ (final), by protecting species, we save this beautiful and irreplaceable planet ____17____ is called home.
【答案】15. focuses
16. Finally
17. that/which
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了拯救自然是我們世界自然基金會（WWF）工作的核心，解釋了其保護野生動物的原因。
【15題詳解】
考查時態(tài)。句意：在我們的工作中，世界自然基金會專注于拯救野外最重要物種的種群。陳述事實用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為WWF，謂語用三單形式。故填focuses。
【16題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：最后，通過保護物種，我們拯救了這個美麗而不可替代的星球，我們稱之為家。修飾后文句子應用副詞finally，作狀語，首字母大寫。故填Finally。
【17題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：最后，通過保護物種，我們拯救了這個美麗而不可替代的星球，我們稱之為家。定語從句修飾先行詞planet，在從句中作主語，指物，用關系代詞that或which引導。故填that/which。
C
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
After college I wanted to make a difference in the world, so I joined the Peace Corps and ____18____ (become) a volunteer teacher in Namibia. This was my first time going abroad and living ____19____ local people. Simply getting used to the living conditions was a big challenge. Honestly, my first choice wasn’t Africa, but I am thankful that I ____20____ (send) there. Before Namibia, I never thought I would adapt to such a situation. Step outside of your comfort zone and face the challenge. You won’t regret it.
【答案】18. became
19. with 20. was sent
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者大學畢業(yè)后，去納米比亞成為了一名志愿教師，并且很快適應了當?shù)氐沫h(huán)境，作者鼓勵大家勇敢走出自己的舒適區(qū)，面對挑戰(zhàn)。
18題詳解】
考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：大學畢業(yè)后，我想改變世界，所以我加入了和平隊，并在納米比亞當了一名志愿教師。分析句子可知，空處應為動詞，與“joined”作并列謂語，句子使用一般過去時，表示過去發(fā)生的動作，動詞應用過去式形式。故填became。
【19題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：這是我第一次出國，和當?shù)厝嗽谝黄鹕睢７治鼍渥涌芍?，空處應為介詞，后接名詞短語“l(fā)ocal people”作賓語；根據(jù)句意，這里是指“和當?shù)厝艘黄鹕睢?，即live with local people。故填with。
【20題詳解】
考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：實話說，我的第一選擇不是非洲，但我很感激被送到了那里。分析句子可知，空處應為謂語動詞；根據(jù)前文“so I joined the Peace Corps and　1　(become) a volunteer teacher in Namibia.”中的謂語動詞及句意可知，作者去納米比亞當志愿教師是過去發(fā)生的動作，故空處應用一般過去時，主語I與send之間應為被動關系，表示“我被送往”，應用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，主語是I，be動詞應用was。故填was sent。
第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）
第一節(jié)（共 14 小題；每小題 2 分，共 28 分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
A
Sunshine High School

EcoCentral
This website is all about looking after the Earth. There are facts about different animals, as well as information about forests, deserts and oceans: You can upload your own videos onto the site for everyone to see.
TeenPress
This is one of the best sites on the web for teenagers who love writing. You can share your work with others, and there are message boards where you can chat about things that are important to you.
ChannelTwenty
On this site you can watch a daily news program and search for information about big news stories. There are also videos on different subjects, articles about famous bands, games and competitions.
Inside-the-cover
Finding out about your favorite writers is easy on this site. There are lots of interesting articles and information about the latest books. You can read blogs by well-known writers and post questions to them. And you are likely to get replies from them.
Tune-in
There are millions of songs on this website for you to download or listen to online. You can save your favorite songs in your own list. If you’re in a band, you can record your music and upload it. The website is large, but the menus are easy to use.
ScienceZone
There’s lots of information on this site about maths, chemistry and biology. You can visit some of the world’s most famous museums, or watch wildlife via webcams. There are also some very cool games, such as Save the Planet.

21. TeenPress is a website for teenagers who ________.
A. enjoy writing B. care about the Earth
C. like watching the news D. are interested in music
22. On Inside-the-cover, you can ________.
A. take writing classes B. share your articles
C. learn about the latest books D. answer the writers’ questions
23. If you like visiting online museums, which website is best for you?
A. EcoCentral. B. ScienceZone.
C. Tune-in. D. ChannelTwenty.
24. The author writes the passage to________.
A. introduce websites to teenagers
B. teach teenagers to design websites
C. encourage teenagers to create websites
D. compare different websites for teenagers
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇說明文。本文介紹了六個網(wǎng)站，分別涉及到了動物、寫作、新聞、新書、歌曲和博物館方面的信息。
【21題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TeenPress部分的This is one of the best sites on the web for teenagers who love writing.（對于喜歡寫作的青少年來說，這是最好的網(wǎng)站之一。）可知，TeenPress是一個為喜歡寫作的青少年開設的網(wǎng)站。故選A。
【22題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Inside-the-cover 部分的There are lots of interesting articles and information about the latest books.（有很多關于最新書籍的有趣的文章和信息。）可知，在Inside-the-cover，你可以了解最新的書籍。故選C。
【23題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ScienceZone部分的You can visit some of the world’s most famous museums, or watch wildlife via webcams.(你可以參觀一些世界上最著名的博物館，或者通過網(wǎng)絡攝像頭觀看野生動物)可知，如果你喜歡參觀網(wǎng)上博物館，ScienceZone最適合你。故選B。
【24題詳解】
推理判斷題。通讀全文以及文章各段落的主要內(nèi)容可知，本文介紹了六個網(wǎng)站，分別涉及到了動物、寫作、新聞、新書、歌曲和博物館方面的信息，作者寫這篇文章是為了向青少年介紹網(wǎng)站。故選A。
B
It was a week after my mom had passed away and I didn’t know how to go on with life. So when I received an email from a friend about a race benefiting cancer research, I ignored it. It seemed to prick my heart, as cancer was the disease that had taken my mother away from me.
But something about my friend’s words—“I can help organize the whole thing”—stuck with me. I felt obliged（有義務的）to agree. In the weeks to come, I managed to re-enter the world of the living. I checked our team’s website daily, feeling proud each time a donation ticked up our total. I knew my mom would have wanted it that way. She was the type who never got defeated. It was this very spirit that helped me get by.
When the race ended I noticed the runners all had one thing in common: There were big smiles on their faces. They made it look so rewarding and effortless. I wanted in.
So I enrolled in another race two months later. Considering I could barely run a mile, it was ambitious. But my friend and I made a training plan so I wouldn’t come in last. I followed it religiously and didn’t let anything get in my way.
Running up and down the city’s hills, I was flooded with memories. I had lived there after college and my mother had visited often. I passed Bloomingdale’s, recalling the time she and I had gotten into a screaming argument there.
I was about to beat myself up when I remembered what Mom had said after her diagnosis of cancer. “I don’t want you to feel guilty about anything.” Her paper-thin hands had held me tightly. A weight lifted from my shoulders.
When the race day arrived, I gave it my all for my mom and for all she had taught me and continued to teach me. As I ran, whenever I felt like slowing down, I pictured her cheering me on.
Crossing the finish line, I was filled with her love and a sense of peace.
25. Why did the author ignore the email in the beginning?
A. She felt it hard to finish the race.
B. She had no time to join in the event.
C. She thought the research meaningless.
D. She was reminded of her mother’s death.
26. What mainly helped the author recover from her mom’s death?
A. The company of her friends. B. The inspiration from her mom.
C. The pleasure in going for a run. D. The success in organizing an event.
27. Which of the words can best describe the author’s mom?
A. Considerate and polite. B. Brave and humorous.
C. Strong-willed and caring. D. Outgoing and patient.
28. What might be the best title for the passage?
A. How I Got Healed in Running B. The Loss of Sweet Memories
C. What Matters Most in Running D. The Rewards of Great Friendship
【答案】25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者母親去世之后，作者對母親的回憶及母親賜予作者的力量，使他能夠從悲傷中走出來，積極面對生活。
【25題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第三句“It seemed to prick my heart, as cancer was the disease that had taken my mother away from me.”（這件事似乎刺痛了我的心，正是癌癥奪去了我母親的生命。）可知這個比賽使作者想起了因癌癥過世的母親。故選D項。
【26題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句“She was the type who never got defeated. It was this very spirit that helped me get by.”（她是那種永遠不會被打敗的人。正是這種精神幫助我度過那段艱難的時期。）可知，母親永不言敗的精神支撐作者從悲傷中恢復。故選B項。
27題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第六句“She was the type who never got defeated. ”（她是那種永遠不會被打敗的人。）可知作者的母親意志力堅強，并結(jié)合第六段第二句“I don’t want you to feel guilty about anything.”（我不希望你對任何事情感到內(nèi)疚。）說明母親關心愛護作者。所以作者母親是一個意志堅強，又體貼的人。故選C項。
【28題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第二句“As I ran, whenever I felt like slowing down, I pictured her cheering me on. Crossing the finish line, I was filled with her love and a sense of peace.”（在賽跑的時候，每當我想慢下來的時候，就會看到母親鼓勵我的畫面。通過終點線時，我內(nèi)心充滿了她的關愛和一種平和感。）并結(jié)合上文作者對母親的回憶，可知母親治愈了作者，正是母親的鼓勵，他才能完成比賽。故選A項。
C
We rely on our memory not only for sharing stories with friends or learning from our past experiences, but we also use it for crucial things like creating a sense of personal identity. Yet evidence shows that our memory isn’t as consistent as we’d like to believe.
There are countless reasons why tiny mistakes might happen each time we recall past events, ranging from what we believe is true or wish were true, to what someone else told us about the past event, or what we want that person to think.
And whenever these mistakes happen, they can have long-term effects on how we’ll recall that memory in the future.
Take storytelling for example. When we describe our memories to other people, we might ask ourselves whether it’s vital to get the facts straight, or whether we only want to make the listener laugh. And we might change the story’s details depending on the listener’s attitudes. It isn’t only the message that changes, but sometimes it’s also the memory itself. This is known as the “audience-tuning effect”, showing us how our memories can change automatically over time, as a product of how, when, and why we access them.
In fact, sometimes simply the act of rehearsing(復述) a memory can be exactly what makes it susceptible(易受影響的)to change. This is known as “retrieval-enhanced suggestibility”. In a typical study of this effect, participants watched a short film, then took a memory test a few days later. But during the days between watching the film and taking the final test, two other things happened. First, half of the participants took a practice memory test. Second, all of the participants were given a description of the film to read, which contained some false details. Participants who took a practice memory test shortly before reading the false information were more likely to reproduce this false information in the final memory test.
Why might this be? One theory is that rehearsing our memories of past events can temporarily make those memories malleable. In other words, retrieving(找回)a memory might be a bit like taking ice-cream out of the freezer and leaving it in direct sunlight for a while. By the time our memory goes back into the freezer, it might have naturally become a little misshapen, especially if someone has influenced it purposely in the meantime.
These findings lead us to wonder how much our most treasured memories have changed since the very first time we remembered them. Remembering is an act of storytelling, after all. And our memories are only ever as reliable as the most recent story we told ourselves.
29. According to the “audience-tuning effect”, our memories can ________.
A. change our personal identity B. correct mistakes on their own
C. determine our attitudes to others D. be affected by how we handle them
30. What can we infer from the study of “retrieval-enhanced suggestibility”?
A. Practice can make imperfect. B. Storytelling brings back memories.
C. Rehearsing contributes to better memories. D. Memory abilities vary from person to person.
31. What does the underlined word “malleable” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. Acceptable. B. Valuable. C. Changeable. D. Controllable.
【答案】29. D 30. A 31. C
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。通過實驗研究證明反復的回憶會使記憶發(fā)生改變。
【29題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“This is known as the “audience-tuning effect”, showing us how our memories can change automatically over time, as a product of how, when, and why we access them.(這就是所謂的“觀眾調(diào)諧效應”，它向我們展示了我們的記憶是如何隨著時間的推移而自動變化的，這是我們?nèi)绾?、何時以及為什么讀取記憶的結(jié)果)”可知，我們處理記憶的方式會影響我們的記憶。故選D。
【30題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第一句“In fact, sometimes simply the act of rehearsing(復述)a memory can be exactly what makes it susceptible(易受影響的)to change. (事實上，有時僅僅是復述記憶的行為就能使記憶容易改變。)”結(jié)合本段中的實驗結(jié)果可知，復述記憶次數(shù)多的受試者更容易改變記憶。由此可推知，經(jīng)?；貞洸⒉粫昝赖闹噩F(xiàn)記憶。故選A。
【31題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后兩句“By the time our memory goes back into the freezer, it might have naturally become a little misshapen, especially if someone has influenced it purposely in the meantime.(當我們的記憶回到冰庫時，它可能會自然而然地變得有點畸形，特別是如果有人同時有意的影響它)”可知，這里將記憶與取出冰箱的冰激凌作類比，冰激凌會融化變形，記憶也一樣會發(fā)生改變。由此可推知，劃線詞malleable與changeable同義，表示“可變的”。故選C。
D
Over millions of years humans have responded to certain situations without thinking too hard. If our ancestors spotted movement in the nearby forest, they would run first and question later. At the same time, the ability to analyze and to plan is part of what separates us from other animals. The question of when to trust your instinct (直覺)and when to think slow matters in the office as much as in the savannah(草原).
Slow thinking is the feature of a well-managed workplace. Yet instinct also has its place. Some decisions are more connected to emotional responses and less to analysis. In demanding customer-service or public-facing situations, instinct is often a better guide to how to behave.
Instinct can also be improved. Plenty of research has shown that instinct becomes more unerring with experience. In one well-known experiment, volunteers were asked to assess whether a selection of designer handbags were real or not. Some were instructed to operate on instinct and others to deliberate(深思熟慮)over their decision. Instinct worked better for those who owned at least three designer handbags; indeed, it outperformed analysis. The more expert you become, the better your instinct tends to be.
However, the real reason to embrace fast thinking is that it is, well, fast. It is often the only way to get through the day. To take one example, when your inbox floods with new emails at the start of a new day, there is absolutely no way to read them all carefully. Instinct is what helps you decide which ones to answer and which to delete or leave unopened. Fast thinking can also help the entire organization. The value of many managerial decisions lies in the simple fact that they have been made at all. Yet as data explodes, the temptation(誘惑)to ask for one more bit of analysis has become much harder to resist. Managers often suffer from overthinking, turning a simple problem into a complex one.
When to use instinct in the workplace rests on its own form of pattern recognition. Does the decision maker have real expertise in this area? Is this a field in which emotion matters more than reasoning? Above all, is it worth delaying the decision? Slow thinking is needed to get the big calls right. But fast thinking is the way to stop deliberation turning to a waste of time.
32. What does the underlined word “unerring” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Accurate. B. Creative. C. Controllable. D. Obvious.
33. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Managers can afford the cost of slow thinking.
B. Fast thinking can be a boost to work efficiency.
C. Slow thinking will hold us back in the long run.
D. Too much data is to blame for wrong decisions.
34. What is the author's purpose of writing the passage?
A. To explain how instinct works.
B. To compare instinct and slow thinking.
C. To highlight the value of instinct in the workplace.
D. To illustrate the development of different thinking patterns.
【答案】32. A 33. B 34. C
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇議論文。主要論述了直覺在工作場所的應用價值。
【32題詳解】
詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句“Instinct can also be improved.”（直覺能夠被改善。）及最后一句“The more expert you become, the better your instinct tends to be.”（你變得越熟練，直覺越準確。）說明隨著熟練度的提高，直覺也會越來越準確。故“unerring”應是“無偏差的，精確的”意思。故選A項。
【33題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段第四句第五句“Instinct is what helps you decide which ones to answer and which to delete or leave unopened. Fast thinking can also help the entire organization. ”（直覺能夠幫助你決定哪些郵件需要回復，哪些需要刪除，哪些不用打開。快速思考也對整個組織有益。）可知快速思考可以提高工作效率，避免在不重要的事情上浪費時間。故選B項。
【34題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句“The question of when to trust your instinct (直覺 )and when to think slow matters in the office as much as in the savannah (草原)”.（什么時候應該相信你的直覺及什么時候應該緩慢思考的問題在辦公室和在大草原上一樣重要。）可知，在工作場所，直覺也是很重要的。結(jié)合最后一段第一句“When to use instinct in the workplace rests on its own form of pattern recognition. ”（什么時候在工作場所使用直覺取決于其自身的識別模式。）可知要具體分析在工作場所使用直覺的情況。聯(lián)系全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要強調(diào)了直覺在工作場所的應用價值。故選C項。


第二節(jié)（共 5 小題；每小題 2 分，共 10 分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
It won’t sound like a big surprise when I tell you that kindness plays an important role in a person’s wellbeing. It can lead to changes like higher self-esteem(自尊心) and lower blood pressure. Even just witnessing acts of kindness can make us happier.
____35____ “From giving away a cup of hot chocolate in a park to giving away a gift in the lab, those performing an act of kindness consistently underestimated how positive their receivers would feel, thinking their act was of less value than receivers perceived it to be,” states a study.
____36____ Yet, why is there this difference between what we think someone will feel from an act of kindness versus what they do feel? Why do we underestimate the impact we have on others?
Many of us don’t have a real sense of our value. It’s been estimated that as many as 85 percent of people struggle with low self-esteem. ____37____ This “voice” tends to shift our focus inward assessing our every move, and having bad effect on our relationships.
Unlike a conscience(良心), this inner critic doesn’t motivate positive behavior. ____38____ It encourages us to hold back feeding us thoughts like, “Don’t stick your neck out”: “No one wants to hear from you”; and “You’re going to make a fool of yourself.”
One wonderful way to fight against our critical inner voice is through acts of being kind to others ____39____ We must also try to see ourselves through the eyes of the people we affect. The degree to which we’re able to do that will help determine our own happiness along with the happiness we light up in others.
A. However, the work doesn’t stop there.
B. People may lower the value of their own kind comments.
C. We all carry around a “critical inner voice” that tends to put us down.
D. Instead of seeing what we have to offer, we may think of ourselves as a burden.
E. This misunderstanding suggests that people devalue their own actions in relation to others.
F. Instead, it turns us against ourselves, making us underestimate our beneficial effect on others.
G. Yet, people may not truly know the impact that even the smallest of kind acts can have on another person.
【答案】35. G 36. E 37. C 38. F 39. A
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了善良在一個人的幸福中起著重要作用時，這聽起來并不是一個大驚喜。然而令人驚訝的卻是，人們可能并不真正知道哪怕是最小的善舉也會對另一個人產(chǎn)生什么影響。這是因為一種“內(nèi)心批判”在促使人們貶低自己對他人產(chǎn)生的價值。要摒棄掉自我內(nèi)心批判，同時看到對他人的積極影響，能夠做到這一點的程度將有助于決定我們自己的幸福以及我們在他人身上點燃的幸福。
【35題詳解】
設空句為該段主旨句，后文內(nèi)容時對其具體的解釋。根據(jù)后文“‘From giving away a cup of hot chocolate in a park to giving away a gift in the lab, those performing an act of kindness consistently underestimated how positive their receivers would feel, thinking their act was of less value than receivers perceived it to be,’ states a study.(一項研究稱：“從在公園里送一杯熱巧克力到在實驗室里送一份禮物，那些表現(xiàn)出善意的人總是低估了接受者的積極感受，認為他們的行為沒有接受者想象的那么有價值。”)”可知，該部分強調(diào)表現(xiàn)善意的人低估了自己的行為對他人的影響。選項G“Yet, people may not truly know the impact that even the smallest of kind acts can have on another person.(然而，人們可能并不真正知道哪怕是最小的善舉也會對另一個人產(chǎn)生什么影響。)”在句意上貼合該段主旨，“even the smallest of kind acts(甚至是最小的善舉)”對應后文的“From giving away a cup of hot chocolate in a park to giving away a gift in the lab(從在公園里送一杯熱巧克力到在實驗室里送一份禮物)”。故選G項。
【36題詳解】
根據(jù)后文“Yet, why is there this difference between what we think someone will feel from an act of kindness versus what they do feel? Why do we underestimate the impact we have on others?(然而，為什么我們認為某人會從善意行為中感受到的與他們的真實感受之間存在差異？為什么我們低估了我們對他人的影響？)”提出了一系列的疑問并結(jié)合上文內(nèi)容可推知，設空句應是一個結(jié)論句，且上文內(nèi)容有關，應包含關鍵詞“underestimate(低估，看輕)”含義。選項E“This misunderstanding suggests that people devalue their own actions in relation to others.(這種誤解表明，人們貶低自己與他人的關系。)”中主語“This misunderstanding”指代上一段內(nèi)容，在句意上是針對上文得出的結(jié)論，且“devalue”對應“underestimate”，符合詞匯復現(xiàn)原則。故選E項。
【37題詳解】
根據(jù)后文“This ‘voice’ tends to shift our focus inward assessing our every move, and having bad effect on our relationships.(這種“聲音”傾向于將我們的注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到評估我們的一舉一動，并對我們的關系產(chǎn)生不良影響。) ”為第二次提出這種“聲音”，說明設空句應是首次提到這種“聲音”，且是一種產(chǎn)生消極影響的聲音。選項C“We all carry around a “critical inner voice” that tends to put us down.(我們都有一種“批判的內(nèi)心聲音”，這種聲音往往會讓我們失望。)”提出了名詞“批判的內(nèi)心聲音”，符合分析。故選C項。
【38題詳解】
根據(jù)前文“Unlike a conscience, this inner critic doesn’t motivate positive behavior.(與良心不同，這種內(nèi)心的批評不會激發(fā)積極的行為。)”提出了“內(nèi)心批判”是消極的，由此可推知，設空句應進一步強調(diào)其消極性的具體影響，同時包含話題“貶低自己的影響”。選項F“Instead, it turns us against ourselves, making us underestimate our beneficial effect on others. (相反，它使我們與自己作對，使我們低估了自己對他人的有益影響。)”講到了內(nèi)心批判對自己和對他人具體消極影響，且“Instead”與前文構(gòu)成反義轉(zhuǎn)折關系，前后銜接緊密。故選F項。
【39題詳解】
根據(jù)前文“One wonderful way to fight against our critical inner voice is through acts of being kind to others.(對抗我們批判的內(nèi)心聲音的一個好方法是善待他人。)”提到了一個抵制內(nèi)心批判的方式，后文“We must also try to see ourselves through the eyes of the people we affect.(我們還必須努力通過我們所影響的人的眼睛來看待自己。)”則提到了下一個步驟，由此可推知，設空句應是轉(zhuǎn)折句，說明不僅僅有第一步，以承接后文。選項A“However, the work doesn’t stop there.(然而，這項工作并不止于此。)”為轉(zhuǎn)折句，“the work”呼應前文內(nèi)容，在句意上承接后文。故選A項。
第三部分 書面表達（共兩節(jié)，32分）
第一節(jié)（共 12小題, 共 18 分）
閱讀下面文段，在設空處填入恰當?shù)脑~匯或短語。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。
40. I do a wide range of things online. I shop for various things online, such as books, computer hardware and other necessities. It’s so __________ to be able to compare the quality and prices from different online shops before I buy.（根據(jù)句意填空）
【答案】convenient
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：我在網(wǎng)上做各種事情。我在網(wǎng)上買各種東西，比如書籍、電腦硬件和其他必需品。在我購買之前，可以比較不同網(wǎng)上商店的質(zhì)量和價格，這是非常方便的。根據(jù)句意可知，空處應用表示“方便的”形容詞convenient，作表語。故填convenient。
41. It usually takes me 20 minutes to get home by bus. I often use the time to review English words. As the popular saying goes, “Every minute __________!”(根據(jù)句意填空)
【答案】counts
【解析】
【詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：我乘公共汽車回家通常要花20分鐘。我經(jīng)常利用這段時間復習英語單詞。常言道：“分秒必爭!”。根據(jù)上文“I often use the time to review English words”可知，“我”熱愛學習，分秒必爭，每一分鐘對我來說都很“重要”。用不及物動詞count作謂語動詞，意為“重要”，陳述生活哲理用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，主語是單詞名詞，謂語用單數(shù)形式。故填counts。
42. At school, I do my homework when I have spare time. After school, I try to use any possible time to __________ the things I have learnt during the day.（根據(jù)句意填空）
【答案】revise##review
【解析】
【詳解】考查動詞。句意：在學校，我有空閑時間就做作業(yè)。放學后，我盡量利用任何可能的時間復習我在白天學到的東西。根據(jù)句意，用動詞revise/review，表示“復習”。不定式to后接動詞原形。故填revise/review。
43. Zhang Tian’s first year is almost over. It has been a tough year, but he has enjoyed working with the children. The __________ Zhang Tian made to the village was great, so he became very popular among the villagers and they treated him as one of them.（根據(jù)句意填空）
【答案】contribution
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：張?zhí)斓牡谝荒昕旖Y(jié)束了。這是艱難的一年，但他很喜歡和孩子們一起工作。張?zhí)鞂Υ遄拥呢暙I很大，所以他在村民中很受歡迎，他們把他當作他們中的一員。句中用名詞作主語。根據(jù)句意，表示“貢獻”用名詞contribution，表示特指，用名詞的單數(shù)形式。故填contribution。
44. He had met wonderful teachers from small villages during his early school years and he was __________ by them to go and teach where he was needed the most.（根據(jù)句意填空）
【答案】inspired
【解析】
【詳解】考查語態(tài)。句意：在他上學的早期，他遇到了來自小村莊的優(yōu)秀老師，他們激勵他去最需要他的地方教書。根據(jù)句意可知，空處應用動詞inspire，表示“激勵”，he與inspire為被動關系，所以空處應用動詞的過去分詞形式，與was構(gòu)成一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。故填 inspired。
45. Living in the village was also more __________ than he had thought. The power and water supplies were unstable, so he could only shower every three or four days, and he had to learn how to cook.（根據(jù)句意填空）
【答案】challenging
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：住在村子里也比他想象的更具挑戰(zhàn)性。根據(jù)下文“The power and water supplies were unstable, so he could only shower every three or four days, and he had to learn how to cook.”可知，村子的電力和水供應不穩(wěn)定，只能三四天洗一次澡，還得學習做飯。由此可知，住在村中還是具有挑戰(zhàn)性的。challenging“具有挑戰(zhàn)性的”，符合語境。該形容詞在句中作表語。故填challenging。
46. Paul jumped up and rushed onto the court. And clearly, all the extra hours that he’d spent practicing alone __________. The other team just couldn’t keep up with his energy and speed.（根據(jù)句意填空）
【答案】paid off
【解析】
【詳解】考查短語。句意：保羅跳起來沖進球場。很明顯，他額外時間的獨自練習都有了回報。另一個隊跟不上他的精力和速度。根據(jù)下文“The other team just couldn’t keep up with his energy and speed.”可知，保羅額外時間的獨自練習都有了回報，“得到回報”為短語pay off， that he’d spent practicing alone是定語從句，所以all the extra hours為主語，和動詞pay off是主動關系，由jumped，rushed可知，句子描述過去發(fā)生的事，用一般過去時，故填paid off。
47. Besides, anybody who is feeling down can go for a run to cheer themselves up. Even a thirty-minute run will provide __________ from aches or tension that you may be suffering due to stress.（根據(jù)句意填空）
【答案】relief
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：此外，任何情緒低落的人都可以去跑步，讓自己振作起來。即使是30分鐘的跑步也能緩解你可能因壓力而遭受的疼痛或緊張。由第一句可知，跑步有好處，即跑步可以“減輕”疼痛或緊張，再由動詞 provide 后接名詞作賓語可知，此處填入名詞relief合適，relief from ：從……中獲得緩解或解脫。故填relief。
48. This was not an easy task. The reason why this was difficult was that the team had __________ resources. They did not have enough staff, and the laboratory in which they worked had poor air quality.(根據(jù)句意填空)
【答案】limited
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：這不是一件容易的事。這很困難的原因是團隊的資源有限。他們沒有足夠的員工，他們工作的實驗室空氣質(zhì)量很差。根據(jù)下文“They did not have enough staff”和“the laboratory in which they worked had poor air quality”可推知，團隊條件不好，資源“有限”?？崭裉幱眯稳菰~limited作定語，意為“有限的”。故填limited。
49. Tu Youyou bravely __________ to be the first human subject when they were ready to start testing and the rest of her team followed her. The test was a success.（根據(jù)句意填空）
【答案】volunteered
【解析】
【詳解】考查時態(tài)，句意：當他們準備開始測試時，屠呦呦勇敢地自愿成為第一個人類受試者，她的團隊其他成員也跟著做了起來。測試很成功。根據(jù)句意可知，空處為volunteer的某種形式作謂語。再結(jié)合“were”可知，為一般過去時。故填volunteered。
50. Tu Youyou was noted for her bravery in being a scientist during a difficult time for science in China, her ability to use old wisdom and new methods to reach her goals and the fact that her work __________ the Eastern and Western worlds, saving millions of lives.（根據(jù)句意填空）
【答案】bridged
【解析】
【詳解】考查動詞。句意：屠呦呦因其在中國科學困難時期作為一名科學家的勇敢而聞名，她有能力運用古老的智慧和新的方法來實現(xiàn)她的目標，以及她的工作在東西方世界之間架起了一座橋梁，拯救了數(shù)百萬人的生命。結(jié)合句意“架起橋梁”可知應用動詞bridge，結(jié)合上文可知為一般過去時。故填bridged。
51. Active learners do not judge people based on first __________ or personal feelings. Instead, they separate the message from the messenger.（根據(jù)句意填空）
【答案】impressions
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：主動學習者不會根據(jù)第一印象或個人感受來判斷別人。相反，他們將信息與信使分開。根據(jù)上文Active learners do not judge people based on first等信息可知，此處表示“根據(jù)第一印象”，應用名詞impression作介詞on的賓語。根據(jù)句意可知，用復數(shù)表泛指，故填impressions。
第二節(jié)（14分）
52. 假設你是紅星中學高一學生李華。你的英國筆友Jim在給你的郵件中提到他最近學習壓力很大，他為此感到苦惱。請你給他回復郵件，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 表示理解；
2. 你的建議及理由。
注意：1．詞數(shù)100左右；
2．開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I’m sorry to learn that you’ve been under a lot of pressure lately. It is natural to feel pressured when you attend a new school. Here are some suggestions that can help you deal with stress.
First, try to build up your confidence. Study is a long-term process and confidence plays an important role in it. So never give up no matter what happens. Second, you should find your own strengths and weaknesses, and seek help from both teachers and classmates when facing difficulties and stress. Last but not least, doing more physical exercise can keep you fit as well as relax yourself.
I hope you will get out of your trouble soon. I believe it will all work out. Cheer up! Let me know if I can help further.
Yours
Li Hua
【解析】
【導語】本篇書面表達屬于應用文。要求考生給英國筆友Jim回復郵件，對他因?qū)W習壓力很大感到苦惱表示理解，并提出建議。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
建議：suggestion→advice
壓力：stress→pressure
健康的：fit→healthy
擺脫：get out of→get rid of
2.句式拓展
合并簡單句
原句：First, try to build up your confidence. Study is a long-term process and confidence plays an important role in it.
拓展句：First, try to build up your confidence because study is a long-term process and confidence plays an important role in it.
【點睛】[高分句型1] I’m sorry to learn that you’ve been under a lot of pressure lately. (運用了that引導賓語從句)
[高分句型2] Last but not least, doing more physical exercise can keep you fit as well as relax yourself. (運用了動名詞短語作主語)


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