?豐臺區(qū)2022-2023學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期中練習(xí)
高二英語 (A卷)
(練習(xí)時間：90分鐘)
第I部分 知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，25分)
第一節(jié) 完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，共15分)
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
Dear Annie,
I feel betrayed(背叛) by my friend Hannah. We have been best friends since primary school and spend almost every day with each other. Sometimes, other children say we are no ____1____ because we are both very academic and like to study, but we like it that way. We are both very ____2____ and always get good grades at school.
On Monday, we had a surprise Maths quiz. I thought it was quite easy and was not worried about the results. I must have sounded very ____3____ of myself after the quiz, saying how easy it was and how I was sure to get a good grade. The next day after class, my math teacher told me that I had the lowest grade in the class! I felt so ____4____; I must be really stupid to ____5____ a simple math quiz!
Afterwards, I ____6____ to be cheerful, but Hannah sensed something was wrong. We went to wash our hands in the girls’ washroom before lunch and I admitted how badly I had done. I ____7____ her not to tell anyone else, and she said she would keep my ____8____.
However, the next day, I noticed that my classmates were staring at me as I came into math class and, when I went to sit down, I was ____9____ to find a piece of paper on my desk that said, ‘Stupid Sarah got a D!’ I was so upset that I felt like crying. I thought that Hannah ____10____ have told my classmates about my grade after ____11____ not to. Everyone must have been laughing behind my back!
I was so angry that I went straight to Hannah and told her we weren’t going to be friends any more because she couldn’t ____12____ her word. She was really upset and swore that she hadn’t told anyone. ____13____, the only people who see our grades are the teacher and the student that the grades belong to. She said that someone must have been spying on us in the washroom, but I didn’t ____14____ her explanation. I don’t think I can ever truly forgive her. Now I’ve ____15____ my best friend. What shall I do?
Yours sincerely
Sarah
1. A. popular B. strange C. fool D. fun
2. A. hard-working B. serious C. friendly D. warm-hearted
3. A. proud B. afraid C. tired D. fond
4. A. angry B. worried C. ashamed D. confused
5. A. miss B. fail C. quit D. finish
6. A. preferred B. refused C. agreed D. pretended
7. A. ordered B. allowed C. forced D. begged
8. A. mind B. secret C. record D. company
9. A. shocked B. curious C. patient D. regretful
10. A. should B. need C. must D. could
11. A. struggling B. promising C. remembering D. hoping
12. A. believe B. repeat C. keep D. announce
13. A. Therefore B. Besides C. Firstly D. However
14. A. understand B. give C. believe D. bear
15. A. cheated B. lost C. known D. affected
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. C 11. B 12. C 13. D 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。是一封Sarah寫給Annie的信，信中講述了Sarah和Hannah是好朋友，但是成績一直很好的Sarah在一次數(shù)學(xué)考試中成績班里倒數(shù)第一，她很傷心，將這件事告訴了好朋友Hannah，并要求她保守這個秘密。但是隨后Sarah發(fā)現(xiàn)桌子上有個紙條寫著“愚蠢的Sarah得了D”之后，就認(rèn)為Hannah一定是將自己的成績告訴了別人，任憑Hannah怎么解釋，Sarah也不相信，感覺Hannah背叛了自己。
【1題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：有時，其他孩子說我們沒有樂趣，因?yàn)槲覀兌忌朴谇蚁矚g學(xué)習(xí)，但我們喜歡這種方式。A. popular流行的；B. strange奇怪的；C. fool愚蠢的；D. fun有趣的。由下文“because we are both very academic and like to study,”可知，我們都善于且喜歡學(xué)習(xí)，所以其他孩子認(rèn)為我們沒有樂趣，故選D。
【2題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們都很勤奮，在學(xué)?？偸侨〉煤贸煽儭. hard-working勤奮的；B. serious嚴(yán)肅的；C. friendly友好的；D. warm-hearted熱心的。由下文“always get good grades at school.”可知，我們學(xué)習(xí)成績好，是因?yàn)楹芮趭^，故選A。
【3題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：測驗(yàn)結(jié)束后，我一定聽起來非常驕傲，說這是多么容易，而且我肯定會得到一個好成績。A. proud驕傲的；B. afraid害怕的；C. tired疲倦的；D. fond喜歡的。由下文“saying how easy it was and how I was sure to get a good grade.”可知，測試結(jié)束后，我說考試很容易，確信自己會得到好成績，所以說當(dāng)時自己聽起來很驕傲，故選A。
【4題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我感到很慚愧；我一定是太傻了，連一個簡單的數(shù)學(xué)測驗(yàn)都沒通過！A. angry生氣的；B. worried擔(dān)憂的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. confused困惑的。由上文“my math teacher told me that I had the lowest grade in the class!”可知，我在班里成績最低，所以感到羞愧，故選C。
【5題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我感到很慚愧；我一定是太傻了，連一個簡單的數(shù)學(xué)測驗(yàn)都沒通過！A. miss想念；B. fail失敗；C. quit辭職；D. finish結(jié)束。由上文“my math teacher told me that I had the lowest grade in the class!”和下文“find a piece of paper on my desk that said, ‘Stupid Sarah got a D!”知，我在班里成績最低，獲得了D，所以考試沒通過，故選B。
【6題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：后來，我假裝很高興，但漢娜感覺有些不對勁。A. preferred更喜歡；B. refused拒絕；C. agreed同意；D. pretended假裝。由下文“but Hannah sensed something was wrong”和“I admitted how badly I had done.”以及上文提到作者沒有通過考試可知，前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，漢娜感覺我不對勁，這說明我假裝高興，故選D。
【7題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我求她不要告訴別人，她說她會保守我的秘密。A. ordered命令；B. allowed允許；C. forced強(qiáng)迫；D. begged乞求。由上文“I admitted how badly I had done.”可知，我承認(rèn)自己的成績多么糟糕，結(jié)合上文提到我一直成績很好可知，我不愿意讓別人知道自己沒通過考試這個秘密，所以乞求漢娜不要告訴別人，故選D。
【8題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我求她不要告訴別人，她說她會保守我的秘密。A. mind思想；B. secret秘密；C. record記錄；D. company公司。由上文提到的我乞求漢娜不要將自己沒有通過考試這件事告訴別人，漢娜說自己會保守這個秘密，故選B。
【9題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，第二天，我注意到當(dāng)我走進(jìn)數(shù)學(xué)課堂時，我的同學(xué)們都在盯著我看。當(dāng)我坐下來的時候，我震驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)我的桌子上有一張紙，上面寫著：“愚蠢的莎拉得了D！”A. shocked震驚的；B. curious好奇的；C. patient耐心的；D. regretful后悔的。由下文“find a piece of paper on my desk that said, ‘Stupid Sarah got a D!”可知，我發(fā)現(xiàn)一張紙條上寫著“愚蠢的莎拉得了D”，所以感到很震驚，故選A。
【10題詳解】
考查情態(tài)動詞詞義辨析。句意：我想漢娜一定是在承諾之后，將我的成績告訴了我的同學(xué)。A. should應(yīng)該；B. need需要；C. must一定；D. could可能。上文“find a piece of paper on my desk that said, ‘Stupid Sarah got a D!”提到我發(fā)現(xiàn)桌子上有個紙條寫著“愚蠢的莎拉得了D”之后，認(rèn)為漢娜一定是將自己的成績告訴了別人，故選C。
【11題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我想漢娜一定是在承諾之后，將我的成績告訴了我的同學(xué)。A. struggling掙扎；B. promising承諾；C. remembering記得；D. hoping希望。由上文“she said she would keep my____8____.”提到漢娜說會保守我的秘密可知，此我認(rèn)為漢娜沒有保守我的秘密，將我的成績告訴了同學(xué)們，故選B。
【12題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我很生氣，直接去找漢娜告訴她我們不再是朋友了因?yàn)樗荒茏袷刂Z言。A. believe信任；B. repeat重復(fù)；C. keep保持；D. announce宣布。由上文“I thought that Hannah_______have told my classmates about my grade after________not to.”可知，我認(rèn)為漢娜沒有遵守諾言，將自己的成績告訴了別人，keep one’s word固定搭配，意為“遵守諾言”，故選C。
【13題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，看到成績的人只有老師和該學(xué)生自己。A. Therefore因此；B. Besides此外；C. Firstly首先；D. However然而。上文“She was really upset and swore that she hadn’t told anyone.”提到漢娜發(fā)誓自己沒有將我的成績告訴別人，下文“the only people who see our grades are the teacher and the student that the grades belong to.”說看到成績的只有老師和取得該成績的學(xué)生可知，前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用however，故選D。
【14題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她說肯定有人在廁所里監(jiān)視我們，但我不相信她的解釋。A. understand理解；B. give給；C. believe相信；D. bear忍受。由下文“I don’t think I can ever truly forgive her. ”可知，我不會原諒漢娜，說明我不相信漢娜所說的話，故選C。
【15題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在我失去了最好的朋友。A. cheated欺騙；B. lost丟失；C. known知道；D. affected影響。由上文“I don’t think I can ever truly forgive her.”可知，我不會原諒漢娜，說明我不會和漢娜做朋友了，即我失去了漢娜這個好朋友，故選B。
第二節(jié) 語法填空(共10小題;每小題1分，共10分)
A
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空，在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
Most people believe when they are living comfortably and earning enough money, they will have no worries. However, most people never feel they have earned enough. Jason Harley decided ____16____ (drop) out of this kind of lifestyle, and he discovered that ____17____ (have) only a little money made him free. Are there any things he misses from his past? “No, I’m much happier now, because I am living according to my values. Success ____18____ (measure) not by how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life.”
【答案】16. to drop
17. having 18. is measured
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。大多數(shù)人相信，當(dāng)他們生活舒適，賺到足夠的錢，他們就不會有煩惱。然而，杰森·哈利決定放棄這種生活方式，他認(rèn)為衡量成功的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不是你有多少錢，而是你如何理解生命的真正意義。
【16題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：杰森·哈利決定放棄這種生活方式，他發(fā)現(xiàn)只要有一點(diǎn)錢，他就自由了。decide to do固定搭配，意為“決定做某事”，故填to drop。
【17題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：杰森·哈利決定放棄這種生活方式，他發(fā)現(xiàn)只要有一點(diǎn)錢，他就自由了。此處在that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中作主語，應(yīng)用動名詞形式，故填having。
【18題詳解】
考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：衡量成功的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不是你有多少錢，而是你如何理解生命的真正意義。此處在句中作謂語，句子描述一般性事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語和動詞measure是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動，主語是不可數(shù)名詞，be動詞應(yīng)用is，故填is measured。
B
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空，在未給提示詞空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
Several mass extinction events have occurred in the course of our planet’s history. Scientists say that previously the ____19____ (reason) for extinction have varied, but human actions will be to blame for the sixth extinction which has already started to happen. It is clear that human activity negatively affects almost every natural thing on Earth from destroying different species of plants and animals ____20____ creating various types of greenhouse gases. In fact, species are being wiped out at a ____21____ (fast) rate now than any time in history.
【答案】19. reasons
20. to 21. faster
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。在我們星球的歷史進(jìn)程中發(fā)生過幾次大滅絕事件。人類的行為將是第六次物種滅絕的罪魁禍?zhǔn)?。人類活動對地球上幾乎所有的自然事物都產(chǎn)生了負(fù)面影響。事實(shí)上，現(xiàn)在物種滅絕的速度比歷史上任何時候都要快。
【19題詳解】
考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：科學(xué)家們說，以前物種滅絕的原因是多種多樣的，但是人類的行為將是第六次物種滅絕的罪魁禍?zhǔn)?。此處?yīng)用名詞作賓語，由謂語動詞have varied可知，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)，故填reasons。
【20題詳解】
考查介詞。句意： 很明顯，人類活動對地球上幾乎所有自然事物都產(chǎn)生了負(fù)面影響，從破壞不同種類的動植物到制造各種各樣的溫室氣體。from...to...固定搭配，意為“從……到……”，故填to。
【21題詳解】
考查形容詞比較級。句意：事實(shí)上，現(xiàn)在物種滅絕的速度比歷史上任何時候都要快。由than可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞fast的比較級作定語，故填faster。
C
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
In the early days of space travel, scientists sent animals into space to learn about the conditions humans might face. By studying animals, they were able to understand ___22___ it was like to live without Earth’s gravity and atmosphere. The animals were used to test specially ___23___ (design) equipment that would later be used for human space flight. Animals ___24___ survived a space flight provided information about how weightlessness would affect humans, what spaceship designs would be the safest, and how well a spacesuit would work.
【答案】22. what
23. designed
24. that##which
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了動物對于太空研究的作用。
22題詳解】
考查賓語從句。句意：通過研究動物，他們能夠理解沒有地球引力和大氣層的生活是什么樣的。分析句子，空處引導(dǎo)從句作動詞understand的賓語，從句中缺少介詞like的賓語，應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)，指代“他們能夠理解的事情”。故填what。
【23題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：這些動物被用來測試專門設(shè)計(jì)的設(shè)備，這些設(shè)備之后將用于人類太空飛行。分析句子，空處作定語修飾名詞equipment，design與邏輯主語equipment之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞形式。故填designed。
【24題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：在太空飛行中幸存下來的動物提供了有關(guān)失重將如何影響人類、什么樣的太空船設(shè)計(jì)最安全以及宇航服能起多大作用等信息。分析句子，空處引導(dǎo)限定性定語從句，修飾先行詞Animals，先行詞指物，定語從句中缺少主語，應(yīng)用that/which引導(dǎo)。故填that或which。
第II部分 閱讀理解(40分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。(共16小題;每小題2.5分，共40分)
A
Connie’s
191 Fanhua Road, near Luxi Road
Open 9.00 a.m. to 6.00 p.m. weekdays, 9.00 a.m. to 8.00 p.m. weekends
For a new hairstyle to suit your new lifestyle, come to Connie’s! Choose the one that is right for you. Get free advice from our experts.
What sort of hairstyle is best for me?
Is your face round, square, long or heart-shaped? Short hair with curls will make the round face look longer. Longer styles suit square faces. Single-length hair to your shoulders will add width to a slim face.
How can I keep my hair healthy?
Keep yourself healthy. Eat a balanced diet and get plenty of exercise. You will shine and so will your hair. In addition, look after your hair. City air is dirty and polluted, so it is wise for you to shampoo(洗發(fā)) your hair often. Here are some for the things you need to know.

25. You can have a haircut in Connie’s at ________.
A. 8.00 a.m. on Monday B. 7.00 p.m. on Saturday
C. 7.00 p.m. on Thursday D. 8.00 a.m. on Sunday
26. According to the passage, short hair suits ________.
A. a round face B. a long face C. a heart-shaped face D. a slim face
27. You can keep your hair healthy by ________.
A. eating a balanced diet B. seldom shampooing your hair
C. regularly cutting your hair D. using a hairdryer close to your hair
28. The information in the box is to ________.
A. advertise for Connie’s
B. guide the use of a shampoo
C. introduce the service in Connie’s
D. present the steps of effective hair care
【答案】25. B 26. A 27. A 28. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章是宣傳康妮理發(fā)店的一則廣告。
【25題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Open 9.00 a.m. to 6.00 p.m. weekdays, 9.00 a.m. to 8.00 p.m. weekends(開放時間為平日上午9時至下午6時，周末上午9時至下午8時)部分中的“For a new hairstyle to suit your new lifestyle, come to Connie’s!(想要一個適合你新生活方式的新發(fā)型，來康妮理發(fā)店吧！)”可知， 星期六晚上七點(diǎn)你可以到康妮理發(fā)店理發(fā)，故選B。
【26題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)What sort of hairstyle is best for me?(什么樣的發(fā)型最適合我？)中的“Short hair with curls will make the round face look longer. (短發(fā)加上卷發(fā)會讓圓臉看起來更長)”可知，短頭發(fā)適合圓臉，故選A。
【27題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)How can I keep my hair healthy?(我怎樣才能保持頭發(fā)健康？)部分中的“Eat a balanced diet and get plenty of exercise. (均衡飲食，多做運(yùn)動)”可知，你可以通過均衡飲食來保持頭發(fā)健康，故選A。
【28題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)圖表上文中的“City air is dirty and polluted, so it is wise for you to shampoo (洗發(fā)) your hair often. Here are some for the things you need to know.(城市的空氣又臟又污，所以經(jīng)常洗頭是明智的。以下是一些你需要知道的事情)”和方框里的信息“Shampoo and conditioner(洗發(fā)水和護(hù)發(fā)素)”，“Hairbrushes and combs(梳子)”，“Towels and hairderers(毛巾和吹風(fēng)機(jī))”可推知，方框里的信息是介紹有效護(hù)發(fā)的步驟，故選D。
B
For 38-year-old Justin Herald, the journey to wealth began one Sunday morning at a church in Sydney’s northwest, when he was involved in a quarrel with a member of the church choir. “You have an attitude problem,” she told him.
The accusation(譴責(zé)) sparked something in him, and he borrowed $50 from his brother to have four T-shirts printed with the slogan: “I don’t have an attitude problem; you have a perception(看法,見解) problem.”
“It was the best $50 I ever spent,” laughs Herald. By the end of the morning, he had sold three of the four T-shirts. With the money he made, he had another six printed, then 12, then 24. “That first year the earnings were $98,000,” he says.
His business, Attitude Inc, is now a multi-million-dollar company with a wide range of products selling in 3,500 stores across Australia. His business was due to not just clever marketing—the public loved the slogan—but also he has to admit that in those days there was very little competition in his sector of the clothing industry, and he was in the right place at the right time.
The media spotlight also helped, with people paying attention to Herald’s likeable personality and infectious passion for his business: the night of one TV appearance, 187 stores rang to get his products into their stores.
Herald sold the business three years ago, by which time it was turning over $30 million a year, and now spends his time as a motivational speaker. His message: anyone can be financially successful if they set their mind to it. “You have to have a lot of stickability, because not everything is going to work the way you plan it.”
Still living in Castle Hill with his wife and two children, Herald believes too many successful people become caught up in the trappings of wealth. “I have lived here since I left school at 16,” he says. “In this area, you don’t forget where you came from.”
29. Herald thinks it was the best $50 he ever spent because ________.
A. that sum of money covered the cost of four T-shirts
B. that sum of money showed the accusation was wrong
C. he received that sum of money when he was in need
D. he gained more than expected from that sum of money
30. According to Herald, the success of his business resulted from ________.
A. business sense and luck
B. good timing and cooperation
C. fierce competition and passion
D. family background and motivation
31. The underlined word “stickability” is closest in meaning to “________”.
A. competence B. optimism C. persistence D. fortune
32. What’s the best title for the passage?
A. Start a Business
B. Attitude Pays Off
C. No Bravery, No Gains
D. Never Too Old to Challenge Yourself
【答案】29. D 30. A 31. C 32. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文為記敘文。文章主要講述了Justin Herald致富的過程，并說明了他變得富有是因?yàn)樗麍?jiān)持不懈的態(tài)度。
【29題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段““It was the best $50 I ever spent,” laughs Herald. By the end of the morning, he had sold three of the four T-shirts. With the money he made, he had another six printed, then 12, then 24. “That first year the earnings were $98,000,” he says.(“這是我花過的最值的50美元，”《先驅(qū)報(bào)》笑著說。到上午結(jié)束時，他已經(jīng)賣掉了四件 T 恤中的三件。加上他賺的錢，他又印了6張，然后是12張，然后是24張?！暗谝荒甑氖杖胧?.8萬美元，”他表示。)”可推知，Herald認(rèn)為這是他花過的最好的50美元，是因?yàn)樗麖哪枪P錢中獲得了超出預(yù)期的收益，故選D。
【30題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“His business was due to not just clever marketing—the public loved the slogan—but also he has to admit that in those days there was very little competition in his sector of the clothing industry, and he was in the right place at the right time.(他的生意不僅是因?yàn)榫鞯臓I銷——公眾喜歡這個口號——還因?yàn)樗坏貌怀姓J(rèn)，當(dāng)時他所在的服裝行業(yè)幾乎沒有什么競爭，而且他在正確的時間出現(xiàn)在了正確的地點(diǎn)。)”可推知，Herald認(rèn)為他生意的成功源于商業(yè)意識和運(yùn)氣，故選A。
【31題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中劃線單詞上文“His message: anyone can be financially successful if they set their mind to it.(他的信息是：任何人只要下定決心，都可以獲得經(jīng)濟(jì)上的成功。)”和下文“because not everything is going to work the way you plan it.(因?yàn)椴皇撬惺露及茨愕挠?jì)劃進(jìn)行)”可知，并不是所有事情都能按照你的計(jì)劃進(jìn)行，因此要下定決心，堅(jiān)持下去，也就是要有毅力，由此可知，劃線單詞stickability意為“持久性”，與C項(xiàng)“persistence(毅力)”意思一樣，故選C。
【32題詳解】
主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段“The accusation(譴責(zé)) sparked something in him, and he borrowed $50 from his brother to have four T-shirts printed with the slogan: “I don’t have an attitude problem; you have a perception(看法,見解) problem.( 這個指控激起了他的某種情緒，他向他哥哥借了50美元，買了四件印有標(biāo)語的 T 恤衫：“我沒有態(tài)度問題; 你有觀念問題。”)”可知，文章主要講述了Justin Herald致富的過程，并說明了他變得富有是因?yàn)樗麍?jiān)持不懈的態(tài)度，因此最后的題目是B項(xiàng)“態(tài)度得到了回報(bào)”適合做文章標(biāo)題，故選B。
C
One billion people in the world are short of water. How can this problem be solved? Some suggestions have been to desalinate ocean water or to build enormous water pipelines from areas where water is abundant. (Suggestions such as these prove extremely expensive when they are actually used.) One possibility that scientists are considering is pulling icebergs(冰山) from either the North Pole or the South Pole to parts of the world with a water shortage. Although many questions must be answered before such a project could be tried, moving icebergs seems a reasonable possibility in the future.
Engineers, mathematicians, and glaciologists from a dozen countries have been considering the iceberg as a future source of water. Saudi Arabia is particularly interested in this project because it has a great water shortage. Scientists estimate that it would take 128 days to transport a large iceberg(about 1/2 square mile) to Saudi Arabia. Yet the iceberg would be completely melted by the 104th day. Therefore, insulation would be essential, but how to insulate the iceberg remains an unsolved problem.
The problems in transporting an iceberg are numerous. The first problem is choosing the iceberg to pull. The icebergs that form in the North Pole are quite difficult to handle because of their shape. Only a small portion extends above the water—most of the iceberg is below the surface, which would make it difficult to pull. South Pole icebergs, on the other hand, are flat and float like table tops. Thus they would be much easier to move.
How can a 200-million-ton iceberg be moved? No ship is strong enough to pull such enormous weight through the water. Perhaps several ships could be used. Attaching ropes to an iceberg this size is also an enormous problem. Engineers think that large nails or long metal rods could be driven into the ice. What would happen if the iceberg splits into several pieces during the pulling? Even if an iceberg with very few cracks were chosen, how could it be pulled through stormy waters? Furthermore, once the iceberg reached its destination, very few ports would be deep enough to store it.
All of these problems must be solved before icebergs can become a reasonable source of water. Yet scientists estimate that it will be possible to transport them in the near future. Each year, enough icebergs form to supply the whole world with fresh water for a full year. In addition, icebergs are free and nonpolluting. As a solution to the world’s water problems, icebergs may be a workable possibility.
33. What is a problem in transporting the iceberg?
A. The size of the iceberg. B. The colour of the iceberg.
C. The salt in the iceberg. D. The movement of air and water.
34. What is the author’ s attitude towards transporting icebergs?
A. Negative. B. Unrealistic.
C. Optimistic. D. Unconcerned.
35. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?
A. It is hard to use icebergs.
B. Icebergs are a good choice.
C. There are problems with icebergs.
D. Man finds no other ways to solve water shortage.
36. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Icebergs for Water B. Shortage of Water
C. Scientists and Icebergs D. Icebergs—Scientists’ Headache
【答案】33. A 34. C 35. B 36. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要講述了科學(xué)家們對運(yùn)輸冰山作為解決淡水資源缺乏問題提出的假設(shè)以及可能性，并且認(rèn)為解決了一系列的問題之后，這一辦法是可行的。
【33題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“How can a 200-million-ton iceberg be moved? No ship is strong enough to pull such enormous weight through the water. Perhaps several ships could be used. Attaching ropes to an iceberg this size is also an enormous problem. (2億噸的冰山怎么移動？沒有一艘船能夠在水中拖動如此巨大的重量。也許可以用幾艘船。把繩子系在這么大的冰山上也是個大問題。)”可知，運(yùn)輸冰山的過程中由于冰山體積過大，運(yùn)輸將有難度，這將是運(yùn)輸過程中存在的一個問題，故選A。
【34題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Although many questions must be answered before such a project could be tried, moving icebergs seems a reasonable possibility in the future.(盡管在嘗試這樣的項(xiàng)目之前必須回答許多問題，但移動冰山在未來似乎是一種合理的可能性。)”和最后一段中“As a solution to the world’s water problems, icebergs may be a workable possibility.(作為世界水資源問題的解決方案，冰山也許是一種可行的可能性。)”可推知，作者認(rèn)為作為解決世界用水問題的辦法——移動冰山是合理的可能的解決辦法，即作者對此方法持樂觀積極的態(tài)度，故選C。
【35題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“All of these problems must be solved before icebergs can become a reasonable source of water. Yet scientists estimate that it will be possible to transport them in the near future. Each year, enough icebergs form to supply the whole world with fresh water for a full year. In addition, icebergs are free and nonpolluting. As a solution to the world’s water problems, icebergs may be a workable possibility.(在冰山成為合理的水源之前，所有這些問題都必須得到解決。然而，科學(xué)家們估計(jì)，在不久的將來將有可能運(yùn)輸它們。每年形成的冰山足以為全世界提供一整年的淡水。此外，冰山是自由和無污染的。作為世界水資源問題的解決方案，冰山也許是一種可行的可能性。)”可知，Yet后面的內(nèi)容是重點(diǎn)，即該段告訴我們用冰山解決世界上淡水問題是個不錯的選擇。故選B。
【36題詳解】
主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)第一段中“Although many questions must be answered before such a project could be tried, moving icebergs seems a reasonable possibility in the future.(盡管在嘗試這樣的項(xiàng)目之前必須回答許多問題，但移動冰山在未來似乎是一種合理的可能性。)”和最后一段中“Yet scientists estimate that it will be possible to transport them in the near future. Each year, enough icebergs form to supply the whole world with fresh water for a full year. In addition, icebergs are free and nonpolluting. As a solution to the world’s water problems, icebergs may be a workable possibility.(然而，科學(xué)家們估計(jì)，在不久的將來將有可能運(yùn)輸它們。每年形成的冰山足以為全世界提供一整年的淡水。此外，冰山是自由和無污染的。作為世界水資源問題的解決方案，冰山也許是一種可行的可能性。)”可知，文章主要講述了科學(xué)家們對運(yùn)輸冰山作為解決淡水資源缺乏問題提出的假設(shè)以及可能性，并且認(rèn)為解決了一系列的問題之后，這一辦法是可行的。A項(xiàng)“用冰山上的水”適合作文章標(biāo)題，故選A。


D
Many of us mistakenly believe that it’s wrong to think we have any good qualities. We may spend a lot of time blaming ourselves for our negative qualities, thinking that self-criticism is the key to improving our performance. However, a constant focus on our supposed shortcomings can stop our efforts to make friends with other people. How can we believe that others could like us if we believe our inner being is flawed(有缺陷)?
If someone seems to dislike you, the reason for that dislike might have little or nothing to do with you. The person who doesn’t like you might be fearful, or shallow, or busy or shy. Perhaps you and that person are simply a mismatch for each other at this particular time.
Don’t take yourself out of the game by deciding that your flaws are bigger than your good qualities. In fact, some of the very qualities you consider to be flaws may be irresistible to someone else. For all the factors that might cause one person to reject you, there are at least as many factors that will work in your favor with someone else.
You might be thirty pounds over your ideal weight, but you may have a wonderful laugh and a real enthusiasm for life. There are many people who don’t mind your extra pounds. You may drive a shabby car, but you might be a great dancer and a loyal friend. There are people out there looking for loyalty, or fun, or sweetness, or wisdom, and the package it comes in is not important. If you are worried that you are not beautiful enough to attract friends, keep in mind that not everyone is looking for physical beauty in their friends. You can decide to feel inferior(自卑) because you don’t have much money and you don’t drive a nice car. You can believe that this is the reason that you don’t have many friends in your life. On the other hand, if you are very wealthy you may be suspicious that everyone is after your money and that nobody really likes you as a person.
The point is that you can focus on just about anything and believe it’s the reason why you do not have friends and cannot make any
37. According to the author, ________ plays an important role in making friends.
A. possessing good qualities B. confidence
C. admitting your shortcomings D. self-criticism
38. If you are not liked by a person, ________.
A. you may not be the one to be blamed
B. you and that person misunderstand each other
C. you should find the reason in yourself
D. you’d better talk with the person face to face
39. We can learn from the third paragraph that ________.
A. your good qualities may turn out to be your flaws
B. your negative qualities cause a person to reject you
C. your weaknesses may also be your strengths in some way
D. you’ll have few friends if your flaws are bigger than your good qualities
40. What do you think the author is most likely to suggest if he continues to write?
A. How to lose weight. B. How to make friends.
C. How to make self-criticism. D. How to find your good qualities.
【答案】37. B 38. A 39. C 40. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了一直關(guān)注自己的缺點(diǎn)可能會阻止我們與他人交朋友。因此我們應(yīng)該自信，這樣才能讓別人喜歡自己。
【37題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“However, a constant focus on our supposed shortcomings can stop our efforts to make friends with other people. How can we believe that others could like us if we believe our inner being is flawed(有缺陷)?(然而，一直關(guān)注自己的缺點(diǎn)可能會阻止我們與他人交朋友的努力。如果我們相信自己的內(nèi)在是有缺陷的，我們怎么能相信別人會喜歡我們呢)”可知，作者認(rèn)為，關(guān)注自己的缺點(diǎn)會阻止我們交朋友，由此可推知，自信在交朋友中起著重要的作用。故選B。
【38題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“If someone seems to dislike you, the reason for that dislike might have little or nothing to do with you.(如果有人似乎不喜歡你，那么這種不喜歡的原因可能與你沒有什么關(guān)系。)”可知，如果一個人不喜歡你，原因可能與你無關(guān)，即你也許不是那個該受責(zé)備的人，故選A。
【39題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“In fact, some of the very qualities you consider to be flaws may be irresistible to someone else.For all the factors that might cause one person to reject you, there are at least as many factors that will work in your favor with someone else. (事實(shí)上，一些你認(rèn)為是缺點(diǎn)的特質(zhì)可能對其他人來說是不可抗拒的。對于所有可能導(dǎo)致一個人拒絕你的因素，至少有同樣多的因素會對你和其他人有利。)”可知，我們可以從第三段中了解到，你的弱點(diǎn)在某種程度上也可能是你的長處，故選C。
【40題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“The point is that you can focus on just about anything and believe it’s the reason why you do not have friends and cannot make any.(關(guān)鍵是你可以專注于任何事情，并且相信這就是為什么你沒有朋友，也不能交到朋友的原因。)”可推知，如果作者繼續(xù)寫，他最有可能提出如何發(fā)現(xiàn)你的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。故選D。


第III部分 書面表達(dá)(共兩節(jié)，35分)
第一節(jié) 閱讀回答問題(共4小題;每小題2.5分，共10分)
閱讀下面短文和問題，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和每小題后具體要求，完成對該問題的回答。答語要意思清楚，結(jié)構(gòu)正確，書寫工整。
Jean Paul Getty was born in 1892 in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He became a millionaire when he was only 24. His father was wealthy, but he did not help his son. Getty made his millions alone. He made his money from oil. He owned Getty Oil and over 100 other companies. The Fortune magazine once called Getty “the richest man in the world.”
But money did not buy happiness for Getty. He married five times and divorced five times. He had five children but spent little time with them. None of Getty’s children had very happy lives.
Getty loved to make money and loved to save it. In spite of his great wealth, Getty was a miser. Every evening, he wrote down every cent he spent that day. He even put pay telephone in the guest’s bedrooms in his house so he could save money on phone bills.
In 1973, kidnappers(綁匪) took his 16-year-old grandson, and demanded a large amount of money for his safe return. Getty’s son asked his father for money to save his child. But Getty refused. The kidnappers were merciless and Getty’s son made repeated requests for help from his father. Finally, Getty agreed to lend the money, but at 4 percent interest.
Getty started a museum at his home Malibu, California. He bought many important and beautiful pieces of art for the museum. When Getty died in 1976, the value of the collection in the museum was $1 billion. He left all his money to the museum. After his death, the museum grew in size. Today it is one of the most important museums in the United States. Getty made a large fortune in his life, but he gave his money to the art world because he wanted people to learn about and love art.
41. What is the main idea of Paragraph 1? (不多于8個詞)
________________
42. Please explain the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 in English. (不多于10個詞)
________________
43. What did the kidnappers do to Getty’s family? (不多于10個詞)
________________
44. Do you think Getty is a generous millionaire? Why or why not? (不多于30個詞)
________________
【答案】41. Getty became rich through his own efforts./Gretty made his millions alone.
42. Although he was very rich, Getty hated to spend money/Gretty spent little money/Gretty was mean/Gretty was stingy.
43. They took Getty’s grandson and asked for money/demanded a lot of money.
44. Yes, because he left all his money to the museum and made great contributions to the art world.
No, because he cared more about his own interest than his grandson’s life. We can’t say one is generous when he is even unconcerned about the affection among family members.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。文章主要講述了Jean Paul Getty靠自己的努力變得富有，但是他卻舍不得花錢。Getty開辦了一家博物館，但是他死后把所有的錢都留給了博物館，因?yàn)樗Ｍ藗儗W(xué)習(xí)和熱愛藝術(shù)。
【41題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Jean Paul Getty was born in 1892 in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He became a millionaire when he was only 24. His father was wealthy, but he did not help his son. Getty made his millions alone. He made his money from oil. He owned Getty Oil and over 100 other companies. The Fortune magazine once called Getty “the richest man in the world.”(Jean Paul Getty1892年出生于明尼蘇達(dá)州的明尼阿波利斯。他在24歲時成為百萬富翁。他的父親很富有，但他沒有幫助他的兒子。蓋蒂一個人賺了幾百萬。他靠石油賺錢。他擁有蓋蒂石油和其他100多家公司?！敦?cái)富》雜志曾經(jīng)把蓋蒂稱為“世界上最富有的人”。)”可知，第一段主要介紹了Getty靠自己的努力賺了幾百萬，從而致富的。故填Getty became rich through his own efforts./Gretty made his millions alone.。
【42題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段劃線句子下文“Every evening, he wrote down every cent he spent that day. He even put pay telephone in the guest’s bedrooms in his house so he could save money on phone bills.(每天晚上，他都記下那天花的每一分錢。他甚至在客人的臥室里安裝了付費(fèi)電話，這樣他就可以省下電話費(fèi)了。)可知，雖然Getty很富有，但是他舍不得花錢，由此可知，劃線句子“In spite of his great wealth, Getty was a miser.”意為“盡管他很富有，蓋提卻討厭花錢/花錢很少/很小氣/很吝嗇。”故填A(yù)lthough he was very rich, Getty hated to spend money/Gretty spent little money/Gretty was mean/Gretty was stingy.。
【43題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“In 1973, kidnappers(綁匪) took his 16-year-old grandson, and demanded a large amount of money for his safe return.(1973年，綁匪綁架了他16歲的孫子，并要求他支付一大筆錢，以保證他的安全返回。)”可知，綁架者綁架了蓋蒂的孫子，并要求支付一大筆錢。 故填They took Getty’s grandson and asked for money/demanded a lot of money.。
【44題詳解】
開放試題，言之有理即可。題干問“你認(rèn)為蓋蒂是一個慷慨的百萬富翁嗎? 為什么？”，如果為肯定回答，可以從文章中最后一段“He left all his money to the museum. (他把所有的錢都留給了博物館。)”中來解釋：因?yàn)樗阉械腻X都留給了博物館并且為藝術(shù)界做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。如果答案為否定，可以從第四段中“Getty’s son asked his father for money to save his child. But Getty refused. (蓋蒂的兒子向父親要錢來救他的孩子，但是蓋蒂拒絕了。)”解釋為：因?yàn)樗P(guān)心自己的利益而不是他孫子的生命。我們不能說一個人是慷慨的，當(dāng)他甚至不關(guān)心家庭成員之間的感情。故填Yes, because he left all his money to the museum and made great contributions to the art world./No, because he cared more about his own interest than his grandson’s life. We can’t say one is generous when he is even unconcerned about the affection among family members.。
第二節(jié) 書面表達(dá)(共25分)
從A、B中任選一篇，根據(jù)寫作要求，寫出一篇連貫完整的短文。請先將所選作文在答題卡相應(yīng)區(qū)域A或B涂黑，再將作文寫在答題卡上。
A
45. 參考閱讀理解B篇和閱讀回答問題中的文章，介紹一位名人成功的經(jīng)歷以及你從中獲得的體會和感悟。
注意：詞數(shù)不少于60。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Possible version:
Huang Danian is a renowned Chinese geophysicist.
When he was young, Huang went to the UK to further his studies. Later, driven by the idea that he needed to contribute to his country, he gave up a good job and a life there and returned to home. Named lead scientist on China’s deep earth exploration programme, he developed advanced camera that can see through the Earth’s crust so that it can be analysed without having to dig into it. He set up a state-of-the-art lab, which enabled China’s deep earth exploration technology into a world-leading position. It also led to China’s lunar probe being landed on the moon.
But his health paid the price for his commitment to his work. He died in January 2017, aged just 58. Although he didn’t live long, he made major advances in his area of expertise. He had a life with great success and achievements.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是開放作文。要求考生介紹一位名人成功的經(jīng)歷以及從中獲得的體會和感悟。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
有名的：renowned→famous
回家：returned to home→go back home
建立：set up→build
取得重大進(jìn)步：make major advances→make significant progress
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復(fù)合句
原句：Huang Danian is a renowned Chinese geophysicist.
拓展句：Huang Danian is a geophysicist who is very famous in China.
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】Named lead scientist on China’s deep earth exploration programme, he developed advanced camera that can see through the Earth’s crust so that it can be analysed without having to dig into it. (運(yùn)用了非謂語動詞作狀語和that引導(dǎo)的定語從句和so that引導(dǎo)的狀語從句)
【高分句型2】Although he didn’t live long, he made major advances in his area of expertise.(運(yùn)用了although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句)
B
46. 假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高二學(xué)生李華。最近你們班正在開展“節(jié)約能源，保護(hù)地球”的活動，你打算邀請英國好友Jim為你們班做一次線上經(jīng)驗(yàn)交流，了解英國人日常節(jié)能環(huán)保行為。請你用英文給他寫一封電子郵件，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 交流的原因;
2. 建議交流的具體內(nèi)容;
3. 交流時間和其他相關(guān)事項(xiàng)。
注意：詞數(shù)不少于60。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Possible version:
Dear Jim,
How is everything going?
I’m writing on behalf of my class. Since this term, we have been carrying out a wide range of activities to increase our awareness of saving energy in our daily life. During the process, we’re increasingly curious about the saving energy behaviors in other countries. So I’m writing to ask whether you would be willing to give us an online talk about it.
Would you please give an introduction of what major energy crises the British are faced with, and what habitual behaviors the British, especially the teenagers have to save energy in the daily life?
The talk will be about 1 hour and you can decide your date at your convenience. Please let me know which platform you’ll be using. We’d extremely appreciate it if you can spare time to prepare a PPT to get your ideas across.
I sincerely hope you can accept it. If you have any questions, please do let me know. I’m looking forward to your earliest reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文為應(yīng)用文。假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高二學(xué)生李華。最近你們班正在開展“節(jié)約能源，保護(hù)地球”的活動，你打算邀請英國好友Jim為你們班做一次線上經(jīng)驗(yàn)交流，了解英國人日常節(jié)能環(huán)保行為。請你用英文給他寫一封電子郵件，內(nèi)容包括：交流的原因；建議交流的具體內(nèi)容；交流時間和其他相關(guān)事項(xiàng)。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
各種各樣的：a wide range of→various
面對：be faced with→face
非常：extremely→greatly
真誠地：sincerely→frankly
2.句式拓展
合并簡單句
原句：I’m writing on behalf of my class. Since this term, we have been carrying out a wide range of activities to increase our awareness of saving energy in our daily life.
拓展句：I’m writing on behalf of my class to inform you that since this term, we have been carrying out a wide range of activities to increase our awareness of saving energy in our daily life.
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】So I’m writing to ask whether you would be willing to give us an online talk about it.(運(yùn)用了whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句)

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