【期中真題】河南省鄭州外國語學(xué)校2022-2023學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題.zip-試卷下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

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鄭州外國語學(xué)校2022-2023學(xué)年高二上期期中考試試卷
英語
第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分 20 分）
第一節(jié) （共 5 小題；每小題 1 分，滿分 5 分）
聽下面 5 段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的 A、B、C 三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有 10 秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
1. What happened to the man?
A. He overslept. B. He missed the test. C. He lost the football game.
2. How much extra money does the man need to pay?
A. $7.50. B. $1.50. C. $0.50.
3. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A dress. B. A skirt. C. A jacket.
4. Where are the speakers?
A. In a shop. B. On a train. C. In the man’s house.
5. Why does the man talk with the woman?
A. To tell her about a printing problem. B. To know what to do to a textbook. C. To ask her to review a textbook.
第二節(jié) （共 15 小題；每小題 1 分，滿分 15 分）
聽下面 5 段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的 A、B、C 三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題 5 秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出 5 秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 題。
6. What does the woman do?
A. A publisher. B. A director. C. A writer.
7. How does the woman feel about herself?
A. Disappointed. B. Lucky. C. Proud.
聽第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 題。
8. Where does the boy work?
A. In a small restaurant. B. In a high school. C. In a big company.
9. What does the boy plan to do next year?
A. Work as an engineer. B. Go to college. C. Change his job.
聽第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 題。
10. Who is Bessie?
A. The woman’s daughter. B. The woman’s cousin. C. The woman’s niece.
11. How many people are there in the man’s family?
A. Five. B. Six. C. Seven.
12. What do we know about the man?
A. He is not married. B. He lives with his uncle. C. He doesn’t like a big family.
聽第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 題。
13. Where does the man come from?
A. India. B. Thailand. C. Britain.
14. What does the man often do?
A. He visits friends. B. He goes swimming. C. He does the gardening.
15. Where does the man often go?
A. To the cinema. B. To the theater. C. To the bar.
16. How does the man usually spend his holiday?
A. By staying at home. B. By visiting relatives. C. By traveling around.
聽第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 題。
17. What will the weather be like in France during the day next week?
A. Cold. B. Hot. C. Rainy.
18. What will be provided in the hotel?
A. Toothbrushes and toothpaste. B. Sunglasses and suncream. C. A hairdryer and soap.
19. How long will lunch be served?
A. For one and a half hours. B. For two hours. C. For three and a half hours.
20. Where are the visitors expected to ask questions?
A. In a dining room. B. In a coffee bar. C. In a travel agency.
第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分 40 分）
第一節(jié)（共 15 小題；每小題 2 分，滿分 30 分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給出的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C 和 D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A
The protected lands of the National Parks are some of the most amazing destinations within the United States to have holidays. Here are some of the best.
Mesa Verde National Park
This park celebrates the history of the Pueblo people in southwestern United States.Visitors will find over 4,000 historical sites here, including 600 cliff dwellings (懸崖屋). Some of the best cliff dwellings, such as Cliff Palace and Balcony House, require the tickets for guided tours. These cliff dwellings present a great opportunity for visitors to learn about the history of the region. Besides, adults and children can enjoy hikes, which end in cliff dwelling overlooks.
Rocky Mountain National Park
It’s a super introduction to the beautiful Rocky Mountains. During the summer months when the weather is at its best, it allows visitors to experience all of the nature and wildlife of the area. The park has plenty of paths that take hikers into the backcountry of the Rocky Mountains while children will love the guided horseback tours.
Sequoia (紅杉)&Kings Canyon (峽谷) National Park
If you are looking for a wide range of California’s natural sights all in one area, this park is a great option. It varies from deep canyons to tall mountains. Here you can visit the largest fore of scquoias in the world. There are excellent recreational activities for the whole family including hiking, camping, swimming and cave exploration.
Yosemite National Park
It’s recreational enthusiasts’ favorite, especially rock climbers. Climbers travel from around the world to take on the challenges presented at Yosemite. For those visitors looking for different recreational activities or family activities, Yosemite has many programs covering a variety of natural sciences and other topics.
1. What is the feature of the Mesa Verde National Park?
A. It is a base for natural science education.
B. It is home to a wealth of wildlife.
C. It shows the history of the natives.
D. It has amazing mountainous landscape.
2. Which park best suits parents with children who enjoy playing in water?
A. Yosemite National Park.
B. Sequoia & Kings Canyon National Park.
C. Mesa Verde National Park.
D. Rocky Mountain National Park.
3. What do the four national parks have in common?
A. Family-friendly. B. Adventurous.
C Cost-effective. D. Tiring.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹美國一些被當(dāng)做是度假勝地的國家公園。
【1題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章Mesa Verde National Park段中“This park celebrates the history of the Pueblo people in southwestern United States.Visitors will find over 4,000 historical sites here, including 600 cliff dwellings(懸崖屋).(這個(gè)公園慶祝美國西南部普韋布洛人的歷史。游客將在這里發(fā)現(xiàn)4000多處歷史遺跡，包括600處懸崖民居。)”可知，在這公園里可以看到當(dāng)?shù)厝说臍v史遺跡。故選C項(xiàng)。
【2題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由Sequoia&Kings Canyon National Park中“There are excellent recreational activities for the whole family including hiking, camping, swimming and cave exploration.(這里有適合全家的休閑活動(dòng)，包括遠(yuǎn)足、露營、游泳和洞穴探險(xiǎn)。)”可知，這公園適合父母和孩子一起玩水。故選B項(xiàng)。
【3題詳解】
推理判斷題。由Mesa Verde National Park中“Besides, adults and children can enjoy hikes, which end in cliff dwelling overlooks.(此外，成人和兒童可以享受徒步旅行，最終可以俯瞰懸崖。)”, Rocky Mountain National Park中“The park has plenty of paths that take hikers into the backcountry of the Rocky Mountains while children will love the guided horseback tours.(公園里有很多小路，可以讓徒步旅行者進(jìn)入落基山脈的窮鄉(xiāng)僻壤，而孩子們會(huì)喜歡有導(dǎo)游的騎馬旅行。)”, Sequoia&Kings Canyon National Park中“There are excellent recreational activities for the whole family including hiking, camping, swimming and cave exploration.(這里有適合全家的休閑活動(dòng)，包括遠(yuǎn)足、露營、游泳和洞穴探險(xiǎn)。)”以及Yosemite National Park中“For those visitors looking for different recreational activities or family activities, Yosemite has many programs covering a variety of natural sciences and other topics.(對于那些尋求不同娛樂活動(dòng)或家庭活動(dòng)的游客，優(yōu)勝美地有許多節(jié)目，涵蓋各種自然科學(xué)和其他主題。)”可知，這些公園都適合家庭一起旅行的。故選A項(xiàng)。
B
At St. Francis High School in La Canada, Calif. ,there’s something to be said about math teacher Jim Connor.
Truth is, Connor can be a bit of a drudge. But the 70-year-old Vietnam vet says he’s not here to entertain his students. “It drives me crazy when people say school should be fun,” he says. “I mean, it’s nice if it could be, but you can’t make school fun.”
And for years, the kids thought that’s all there was to him — until last November, when senior Pat McGoldrick learned they didn’t know the half of him.
Pat was in charge of a student blood drive and had just come to Children’s Hospital Los Angeles for a meeting. And he says it was weird: whenever he told someone he went to St. Francis High School, they all said, “Oh, you must know Jim Connor. Isn’t he wonderful? ”
“It was disbelief, really,” Pat says. “It was almost kind of finding this alter ego (另一面) that he has.” Inside the blood donor center, Pat found a plaque listing all the top blood donors at the hospital, including the record holder, Jim Connor. Then he learned something even more unbelievable: that whenever Connor isn’t torturing kids with calculus (微積分), he’s on a whole other tangent-cuddling sick babies. Three days a week for the past 20 years, Jim has volunteered at the hospital, stepping in become involved in an activity when parents can’t, to hold, feed and comfort their children.
“They tend to calm for him,” Nurse Erin says. “They tend to relax with him. They fall asleep with him.”
“I just like them and relate to them somehow,” Connor says.
Connor has never been married; he has no kids of his own. But he has fallen hard for these babies.
“I’ve always respected him, but now it’s to an even different degree — really to the point where I try to emulate him,” Pat says. “He’s the epitome of a man of service.”
4. What do we learn from paragraph 2?
A. School can never be fun.
B. Connor is highly demanding.
C. Connor’s students drive him crazy.
D. Connor thinks education is for all.
5. What did Pat find out about Mr Connor?
A. Mr Connor donated blood as well as his time.
B. Mr Connor was awarded for his love toward babies.
C. Mr Connor used to he a very strict teacher.
D. Mr Connor had a unique teaching philosophy.
6. Which of the following is true about Mr. Connor?
A. He works two shifts every day for a living.
B. He has his alter ego in the eyes of his students all the time.
C. He has the ability to connect with those kids he holds.
D. He falls hard for those sick kids so he decided not to have his own.
7. What is the best title for the text?
A. Bonding with babies in need of love
B. A real lesson is life through learning calculus
C. Everybody keeps something under his hat
D. Tough teacher has a soft heart
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了加州拉加拿的圣弗朗西斯高中數(shù)學(xué)老師吉姆·康納的故事。
【4題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“But the 70-year-old Vietnam vet says he’s not here to entertain his students. “It drives me crazy when people say school should be fun,” he says. “I mean, it’s nice if it could be, but you can’t make school fun.”(但這位70歲的越戰(zhàn)老兵說，他來這里不是為了娛樂學(xué)生?！爱?dāng)人們說學(xué)校應(yīng)該是有趣的時(shí)候，我都快瘋了，”他說?！拔业囊馑际牵绻梢缘脑挳?dāng)然很好，但你不能讓學(xué)校變得有趣?！?”可知，康納對學(xué)生要求很高。故選B。
【5題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Inside the blood donor center, Pat found a plaque listing all the top blood donors at the hospital, including the record holder, Jim Connor. Then he learned something even more unbelievable: that whenever Connor isn’t torturing kids with calculus (微積分), he’s on a whole other tangent-cuddling sick babies. Three days a week for the past 20 years, Jim has volunteered at the hospital, stepping in become involved in an activity when parents can’t, to hold, feed and comfort their children. (在獻(xiàn)血中心里，帕特發(fā)現(xiàn)一塊牌子，上面列出了醫(yī)院里所有的頂級(jí)獻(xiàn)血者，包括記錄保持者吉姆·康納。然后，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了更難以置信的事情：只要康納不用微積分折磨孩子，他就會(huì)去擁抱生病的嬰兒。在過去的20年里，吉姆每周有3天在醫(yī)院做志愿者，在父母不能做的時(shí)候參與到一項(xiàng)活動(dòng)中來，抱著，喂著，安慰著他們的孩子)”可知，康納先生不僅捐了血，還貢獻(xiàn)了自己的時(shí)間。故選A。
【6題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段““They tend to calm for him,” Nurse Erin says. “They tend to relax with him. They fall asleep with him.”(“他們往往會(huì)因?yàn)樗届o下來，”艾琳護(hù)士說?！八麄兺退谝黄鸷芊潘?。他們和他一起入睡?！?”可推知，康納先生有能力和那些被他抱著的孩子們交流。故選C。
【7題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中的“But the 70-year-old Vietnam vet says he’s not here to entertain his students. “It drives me crazy when people say school should be fun,” he says. “I mean, it’s nice if it could be, but you can’t make school fun.”(但這位70歲的越戰(zhàn)老兵說，他來這里不是為了娛樂學(xué)生。“當(dāng)人們說學(xué)校應(yīng)該是有趣的時(shí)候，我都快瘋了，”他說?！拔业囊馑际牵绻梢缘脑挳?dāng)然很好，但你不能讓學(xué)校變得有趣。”)”可知，康納對學(xué)生要求很高，是一位嚴(yán)格的老師。根據(jù)第五、六段內(nèi)容可知，康納先生還很有愛心，而且有能力和那些被他抱著的孩子們交流，有一顆柔軟的心。由此可知，D項(xiàng)“Tough teacher has a soft heart(嚴(yán)厲的老師有一顆柔軟的心)”符合文意，最適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。
C
Cutlery (餐具) including chopsticks, knives, forks and spoons which delivers an electric shock to change the taste of food could help cut down salt in fast food. Scientists have developed a pair of chopsticks, which can make food taste saltier, sour or bitter without the need for extra seasoning (調(diào)味). They are also working on a spoon and fork that could make food taste spicier or sweeter. This “digital seasoning” technology could help food manufacturers and restaurants to reduce the amount of salt they put into food without relinquishing taste.
They work by delivering pulses of electricity to the tip of the tongue to stimulate the tastebuds(味蕾). Dr Nimesha Ranasinghe, an assistant professor who led the work on the electric cutlery, said, “This technology is aimed at creating a virtual taste sensation.”
Some Chinese takeaway food and ready meals were recently found to contain up to 11 times more salt than a bag of crisps — more than half of an adult’s daily allowance. Salt is known to be linked to serious health problems like heart disease and stroke.
But using a pair of electric chopsticks could help cut salt levels without influencing the taste, said Dr Ranasinghe. The technology, which Dr Ranasinghe initially developed while at the University of Singapore, works by installing two electrodes (電極) into each chopstick or the end of a spoon. These electrodes send a weak current through the tip of the tongue when they touch it to stimulate the taste buds.
By controlling the frequency and strength of the electric current, the researchers can stimulate either sourness, saltiness or bitterness. They say up to 80% of people experience changes in saltiness and sourness with the devices and 70% can sense changes in bitterness.
Dr Ranasinghe said he was also working on ways of imitating sweetness and spiciness by rapidly heating and cooling the tongue. It could lead to a spoon that allows desserts to taste sweet while having lower sugar levels or a fork that can give a curry extra heat without the need for extra chilies (辣椒). Dr Ranasinghe said: “We have some early findings of imitating sweetness, a mint-cool sensation and hot or spicy sensations.”
8. What seasoning cutlery has been developed?
A. Chopsticks. B. Knives. C. Forks. D. Spoons.
9. How does the seasoning cutlery work?
A. It cuts down salt in food.
B. It adds extra seasoning in food.
C. It delivers an electric shock to the tongue.
D. It weakens our taste sensation in our mind.
10. What does the underlined word “relinquishing” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. Removing. B. Attracting. C. Acquiring. D. Compromising.
11. What does the text mainly want to tell us?
A. Give yourself an electric shock to make takeaways healthy.
B. Try to eat at home instead of having take-out food to stay healthy.
C. Make your food taste saltier by using a pair of electric chopsticks.
D. Reduce the amount of salt in your food to avoid health problems.
【答案】8 A 9. C 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。研究人員研發(fā)了一種電子筷，使食物嘗起來更咸，有助于減少食鹽攝入，同時(shí)不會(huì)影響食物的口味。
【8題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Scientists have developed a pair of chopsticks, which can make food taste saltier, sour or bitter without the need for extra seasoning (調(diào)味).(科學(xué)家發(fā)明了一種筷子，可以使食物嘗起來更咸、更酸或更苦，而不需要額外的調(diào)味品)”可知，研究人員研發(fā)了一種可以調(diào)味的筷子。故選A。
【9題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Cutlery (餐具) including chopsticks, knives, forks and spoons which delivers an electric shock to change the taste of food could help cut down salt in fast food.(包括筷子、刀、叉和勺子在內(nèi)的餐具可以通過電擊來改變食物的味道，這有助于減少快餐中的鹽分)”以及第二段中“They work by delivering pulses of electricity to the tip of the tongue to stimulate the tastebuds (味蕾).(它們通過向舌尖發(fā)送電脈沖來刺激味蕾)”可知，這種餐具的工作原理是向舌尖發(fā)送電脈沖，以刺激味蕾。故選C。
【10題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段中“They are also working on a spoon and fork that could make food taste spicier or sweeter.(他們還在研究一種能讓食物嘗起來更辣或更甜的勺子和叉子)”可推知，劃線詞所在句意為：這種“數(shù)字調(diào)味”技術(shù)可以幫助食品制造商和餐館在不放棄味道的情況下減少食物中的鹽含量。由此推知，劃線詞relinquishing意為“放棄”。故選D。
【11題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段中“Cutlery (餐具) including chopsticks, knives, forks and spoons which delivers an electric shock to change the taste of food could help cut down salt in fast food.(包括筷子、刀、叉和勺子在內(nèi)的餐具可以通過電擊來改變食物的味道，這有助于減少快餐中的鹽分)”可知，本文主要介紹了研究人員研發(fā)了一種電子筷，使食物嘗起來更咸，有助于減少食鹽攝入，同時(shí)不會(huì)影響食物的口味。由此可知，C項(xiàng)“用一雙電筷子讓你的食物嘗起來更咸”能夠總結(jié)文章大意。故選C。
D
What does it mean to live a good life? This question has been debated for centuries. In the field of psychology, two main concepts of the good life have been quite popular: A happy life full of pleasure and positive emotions, and a meaningful life full of purpose and sacrifice. But what if these aren’t the only options?
In recent years, a long-neglected version of the good life has been receiving greater attention: the psychologically rich life. It is full of complex mental engagement, a wide range of intense and deep emotions, and diverse, novel, surprising and interesting experiences. Sometimes they are neither pleasant nor meaningful. However, they are rarely boring or monotonous.
After all, both happy and meaningful lives can become monotonous and repetitive. A person with a steady office job, married with children, may be satisfied and find his or her life meaningful and still be bored. Also, the psychologically rich life doesn’t necessarily involve economic richness. For instance, consider Hesse’s character Goldmund, who has no money but pursues the life of a free spirit.
Research has found psychological richness is related to, but partially distinct from, both happy and meaningful lives. Psychological richness is related with openness to experience and experiencing both positive and negative emotions more intensely. But is the psychologically rich life one that people actually want?
In a new study, Oishi and his colleagues asked people in nine countries the degree to which they value a psychologically rich life, a happy life and a meaningful life. They found many people’s self-described ideal lives involve psychological richness. When forced to choose a life, however, the majority chose a happy life and a meaningful life. Even so, a minority of people still favored the psychologically rich life, ranging from 6.7% in Singapore to 16.8% in Germany.
These numbers went up when the desire for a psychologically rich life was measured indirectly. To understand what a person wishes their lives might have been, it is important to explore what people wish they had avoided in their lives. When asked what they regret most and whether undoing this event would have made their lives happier, more meaningful or psychologically richer, about 28% of Americans said undoing the regrettable event would have made their lives psychologically richer.
These findings suggest that while most people strive to be happy and have meaning in their lives, a sizable number of people are content merely living a psychologically rich existence.
As Oishi and his colleagues conclude, “We believe that taking the psychologically rich life seriously will deepen and enrich our understanding of well-being.” At the end of the day, there is no one singularly acceptable path to the good life. You have to find a path that works best for you.
12. According to the passage, the psychologically rich life _______.
A. means living a luxurious life
B. involves various intense emotions
C. combines pleasure with purpose
D. emphasizes openness and repetition
13. What does Oishi’s research indicate?
A. The Germans prefer psychological richness to a happy life.
B. Undoing regrettable events has enriched many people’s lives.
C. A hidden desire for psychological richness exists among some people.
D. People with psychological richness tend to describe their lives as ideal.
14. We can learn from the passage that _______.
A. purpose outweighs pleasure in terms of significance
B. the choice of a good life differs from person to person
C. a positive mindset helps us understand our well-being
D. we should never be content and always strive for the best
15. What is the main purpose of the article?
A. To compare different concepts of a good life.
B. To explain how to live a psychologically rich life.
C. To persuade people to attain psychological richness.
D To draw attention to a less familiar version of a good life.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章提出除了傳統(tǒng)觀念的好的生活之外，另一種好生活——心理豐富的生活應(yīng)該得到關(guān)注。
【詳解】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“It is full of complex mental engagement, a wide range of intense and deep emotions, and diverse, novel, surprising and interesting experiences.”（它充滿了復(fù)雜的心理參與，廣泛的強(qiáng)烈和深刻的情感，以及多樣的、新奇的、驚奇的和有趣的體驗(yàn)。）可知，心理豐富的生活包含了各種強(qiáng)烈的情感。故選B。
2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒第二段“These findings suggest that while most people strive to be happy and have meaning in their lives, a sizable number of people are content merely living a psychologically rich existence.”（這些發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，雖然大多數(shù)人努力讓自己快樂，讓自己的生活有意義，但仍有相當(dāng)數(shù)量的人僅僅滿足于心理上豐富的生活。）可知，Oishi的調(diào)查顯示在一些人當(dāng)中，隱藏著一種對心理豐富的渴望。故選C。
3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段最后兩句“When forced to choose a life, however, the majority chose a happy life and a meaningful life. Even so, a minority of people still favored the psychologically rich life, ranging from 6.7% in Singapore to 16.8% in Germany.”（然而，當(dāng)被迫選擇一種生活時(shí)，大多數(shù)人選擇了幸福的生活和有意義的生活。即便如此，仍有一小部分人青睞心理富裕的生活，從新加坡的6.7%到德國的16.8%不等。）可知，對于好的生活的選擇因人而異。故選B。
4.推理判斷題。文章第一段中提出問題“What does it mean to live a good life? ”（過好生活意味著什么?）并指出“In the field of psychology, two main concepts of the good life have been quite popular: A happy life full of pleasure and positive emotions, and a meaningful life full of purpose and sacrifice.”（在心理學(xué)領(lǐng)域，關(guān)于美好生活的兩個(gè)主要概念一直很流行：一個(gè)是充滿快樂和積極情緒的幸福生活，一個(gè)是充滿目標(biāo)和犧牲的有意義的生活。）然后提出問題“But what if these aren’t the only options?”（但如果這些不是唯一的選擇呢?）所以文章的目的是想提出一種不與傳統(tǒng)概念相同的另一種好的生活的選擇，并在第二段中提出“In recent years, a long-neglected version of the good life has been receiving greater attention: the psychologically rich life.”（近年來，一個(gè)長期被忽視的美好生活的版本越來越受到關(guān)注：心理豐富的生活。）可知這篇文章的主要目的是讓人們注意到不太熟悉的美好生活。故選D。
第二節(jié)（共 5 小題；每小題 2 分，共 10 分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容, 從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
The word “diary” comes from the Latin word “diarium”, which means “daily allowance”. ____16____And it is used for business notes, planning activities, keeping track of scheduled appointments, or documenting what has already happened. Some doctors suggest that writing in a diary is a good form of self-study.
In America, from the 1940s through the 1980s, a diary was thought of mostly as a way to privately express one’s deepest thoughts while keeping notations about the day. ___17___ Many times, movies would show a teenage girl beginning to write in her diary while she said aloud, “Dear diary”
___18___ A diary kept by a young German Jewish girl by the name of Anne Frank provides us with invaluable lessons about history, for she documented her experiences while she hid from the Nazis during their occupation of the Netherlands in World War II. Her diary became one of the world’s most widely read books and is the basis for many films.
Samuel Pepys, who lived during the 17th century, is the earliest diary keeper that is famous today. His diary is also an important documentation of history, for it gives personal insight （洞察力） into London’s Great Plague and the Great Fire. His diary is being published on the Internet, and it’s interesting to note that there has been a new entry every day since January of 2003. It will continue over the course of several years to come. ___19___
Today’s electronic version of the diary, the web log or “blog” has once again stretched the diary to be much more than a personal account of the day’s events. There are blogs to document recipes, traveling, movies, independent news, product announcements, photos, and anything else that needs to be recorded over time. Search engines like Technorati. com have been created to keep track of the more than 112 million blogs that are currently public.___20___
A. It refers to a book for writings by date.
B. In its newest form, the diary has become more popular than ever.
C. Reading his diary is fascinating, and it makes his life all the more real to us.
D. People love to write diaries, so whenever they are free, they will write a few lines.
E. Those private reflections may have historical significance long after the author’s death.
F. Nowadays, the blog has taken the place of the diary and becomes more and more popular.
G. In those times, and even continuing on today, writing in a diary was like writing to a special friend.
【答案】16. A 17. G 18. E 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了日記的起源、用途及其演變過程。
【詳解】1. 從上句“The word “diary” comes from the Latin word “diarium”, which means “daily allowance”.”（“diary”這個(gè)詞來自拉丁語“ diarium”，意思是“每日津貼”。）可以看出這里是解釋“diary”一詞的來源，那么下一句應(yīng)該是給“diary”下的定義，選項(xiàng)A.“它指的是一本按日期寫的書?！敝v述了這個(gè)詞的定義，符合題意。故選A。
2. 根據(jù)前一句“In America, from the 1940s through the 1980s, a diary was thought of mostly as a way to privately express one’s deepest thoughts while keeping notations about the day.”（在美國，從20世紀(jì)40年代到80年代，日記被認(rèn)為是作為一種方式來私下表達(dá)一個(gè)人內(nèi)心深處的想法同時(shí)保留關(guān)于這一天的記錄），G項(xiàng)“在那個(gè)時(shí)代，甚至在今天，寫日記就像是給一個(gè)特別的朋友寫信?！敝蠭n those times對應(yīng)前一句中的from the 1940s through the 1980s，故選G。
3. 根據(jù)下文“A diary kept by a young German Jewish girl by the name of Anne Frank provides us with invaluable lessons about history, for she documented her experiences while she hid from the Nazis during their occupation of the Netherlands in World War II. Her diary became one of the world’s most widely read books and is the basis for many films.”（一個(gè)名叫安妮·弗蘭克的年輕德國猶太女孩的日記為我們提供了寶貴的歷史教訓(xùn)，因?yàn)樗涗浟怂诙?zhàn)期間躲避納粹占領(lǐng)荷蘭期間的經(jīng)歷。她的日記成為世界上最廣泛閱讀的書籍之一，也是許多電影的基礎(chǔ)。）可知，講述了德國猶太女孩安妮·弗蘭克的日記，她的日記成為了世界上最廣泛閱讀的書籍之一，也是很多部電影的基礎(chǔ)。作為例子講述了保留下來的個(gè)人的日記的歷史意義，可知空處的內(nèi)容應(yīng)為“在作者死后，那些私人的思考可能具有歷史意義?！边x項(xiàng)E.“這些個(gè)人的反思可能在作者死后很久仍具有歷史意義?！鼻蓄}，故選E。
4. 根據(jù)前文“Samuel Pepys, who lived during the 17th century, is the earliest diary keeper that is famous today. His diary is also an important documentation of history, for it gives personal insight （洞察力） into London’s Great Plague and the Great Fire. His diary is being published on the Internet, and it’s interesting to note that there has been a new entry every day since January of 2003. It will continue over the course of several years to come. ”（塞繆爾·佩皮斯，生活在17世紀(jì)，在今天是著名的，也是最早的日記記錄者。他的日記也是一個(gè)重要的歷史記錄，因?yàn)樗峁┝藗€(gè)人對于倫敦的大瘟疫和大火的見解。他的日記正在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上發(fā)表，有趣的是，自2003年1月以來，每天都有一個(gè)新的條目。這將在未來幾年持續(xù)下去。）本段主要講述生活在十七世紀(jì)Samuel Pepys的日記的也是有歷史意義的，因此可以推斷閱讀他的日記可以幫助我們可以更好地了解他的生活，選項(xiàng)C.“閱讀他的日記是很有趣的，這使得他的生活對我們來說更加真實(shí)?！背薪忧拔?，符合題意。故選C。
5. 根據(jù)前文“Today’s electronic version of the diary, the web log or “blog” has once again stretched the diary to be much more than a personal account of the day’s events. There are blogs to document recipes, traveling, movies, independent news, product announcements, photos, and anything else that needs to be recorded over time. Search engines like Technorati. com have been created to keep track of the more than 112 million blogs that are currently public.”（今天的電子版本的日記，網(wǎng)絡(luò)日志或“博客”再次延伸到日記遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過個(gè)人帳戶的一天的事件。有博客記錄食譜、旅游、電影、獨(dú)立新聞、產(chǎn)品公告、照片以及其他任何需要隨時(shí)間記錄的東西。為了追蹤目前公開的超過1.12億個(gè)博客，人們創(chuàng)建了像 Technorati.com 這樣的搜索引擎。）本段介紹博客是日記的一種新形式，選項(xiàng)B.“日記以最新的形式變得比以往任何時(shí)候都更受歡迎?！敝v述了最新形式的日記模式更受大眾歡迎，承接了前文，符合題意，故選B。
【點(diǎn)睛】七選五閱讀題，有部分題出現(xiàn)在每一段的開始位置，若問題在段首 1.通常是段落主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀該段落，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找相關(guān)詞或者同義詞，從而推測出主題句，找到答案。 2.與后文是并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)系等。著重閱讀后文第一兩句，鎖定線索信號(hào)詞，然后在選項(xiàng)中查找相關(guān)特征詞。一般來說正確答案與它后面的一句話的在意思上是銜接的，所以通常情況下，這兩句話中會(huì) 有某種的銜接手段。3.段落間的過渡句。這時(shí)要前瞻后望找到啟示，即閱讀上一段結(jié)尾部分，通常正確答案與上一段結(jié)尾有機(jī)地銜接起來，并結(jié)合下一段內(nèi)容，看所選的答案是否將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起來?！拘☆}3】E本段談的是German Jewish girl by the name of Anne Frank的日記，她的日記成為了世界上最廣泛閱讀的書籍之一，是很多部電影的基礎(chǔ)。從該段內(nèi)容可知，“那些個(gè)人回聲在作者死后會(huì)對歷史產(chǎn)生重大意義”。答案為E。
第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用
第一節(jié) （共 20 小題；每小題 1.5 分，滿分 30 分）
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的 A、B、C 和 D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
Some fifteen years ago, when smartphone apps were new and few truly understood their potentials, retailers (零售商) ____21____knew that consumers could browse in stores while comparing prices and____22____from other item providers through certain apps before____23____making the purchase online. Ten years ago, brick-and-mortar (實(shí)體店) retailers had to acknowledge that showrooming existed and appeared to be a ____24____. That’s the year when retailers were up in arms as online giant Amazon released an “evil” promotion that encouraged consumers to visit____25____stores and use Amazon’s Price Check App at the same time. Any purchase completed through the app was given____26____ discounts, which significantly stimulated sales and____27____many shop owners to the edge of bankruptcy (破產(chǎn)).
From the point on, retailers began launching strategies to combat showrooming including releasing exclusive items for sale so that no____28____prices from other sources are available for comparison.
“Media have reported showrooming as a big threat to physical stores.” says Casey Carl, a retailer. “However, less ____29____is the fact that it is also the greatest opportunity for us.” Retailers need to accept that the act of showrooming is not____30____and any sensible buyer tends to compare prices. As there’s nothing you can do about it, you might as well offer conveniences like in-store internet access to____31____these consumers. With caring services combined with good prices, the store might actually improve the likelihood for consumers to close the deal____32____.
And a showrooming study indicates that it’s wise for retailers to limit the item price to at most 5 dollars____33____than what online stores charge. After all, for the majority of consumers, getting the absolute lowest price is not their____34____. Many of them, instead, are willing to pay ____35____in exchange for favourable shopping experiences, such as the pleasant store atmosphere, agreeable staff attitudes or even the merry music played, with a reasonable price____36____, of course.
____37____, adopting a strategy of____38____channels is also essential. With many sale channels under control, retailers are sure to have access to the lowest price possible for an item. Therefore, when a customer____39____a mobile device in store, retailers can be spared the____40____that was unavoidable for them some ten years ago.
21. A. almost B. just C. barely D. simply
22. A. reviews B. locations C. shows D. similarities
23. A. genuinely B. generously C. particularly D. finally
24. A. blessing B. threat C. surprise D. success
25 A. domestic B. physical C. imaginary D. parallel
26. A. superior B. compulsory C. routine D. rewarding
27. A. cornered B. messed C. overlooked D. refunded
28. A. reference B. alternative C. exception D. discount
29. A. criticized B. publicized C. exploited D. executed
30. A. reasonable B. inevitable C. illegal D. acceptable
31. A. assist B. prohibit C. monitor D. expose
32. A. out of stock B. at random C. within reach D. on the spot
33. A. higher B. lower C. less D. more
34. A. reputation B. greed C. priority D. devotion
35. A. attention B. deposit C. honor D. extra
36. A. disorder B. gap C. split D. deadline
37. A. However B. Actually C. Besides D. Therefore
38. A. accessible B. multiple C. loyal D. concrete
39. A. puts out B. carries out C. seeks out D. pulls out
40. A. suspicion B. effort C. panic D. guilt
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. D 36. B 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章通過介紹網(wǎng)絡(luò)巨頭亞馬遜引入手機(jī)應(yīng)用。實(shí)現(xiàn)了網(wǎng)絡(luò)購物，進(jìn)而提到手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序的發(fā)展給顧客帶來的好處，和給零售商們帶來的挑戰(zhàn)，以及零售商們?nèi)绾蚊鎸屠迷撎魬?zhàn)。
【21題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：大約15年前，那時(shí)智能手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序還很新，很少有人真正了解它們的潛力，零售商幾乎不知道消費(fèi)者可以通過某些應(yīng)用程序?yàn)g覽商店，比較其他商品供應(yīng)商的價(jià)格和評(píng)論，然后最終在網(wǎng)上購買。A. almost差不多；B. just只是；C. barely幾乎不；D. simply僅僅。根據(jù)上文“when smartphone apps were new”可知，大約15年前，那時(shí)智能手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序還很新，所以零售商幾乎不知道消費(fèi)者可以通過某些應(yīng)用程序?yàn)g覽商店，比較其他商品供應(yīng)商的價(jià)格和評(píng)論，然后最終在網(wǎng)上購買。故選C。
【22題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：大約15年前，那時(shí)智能手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序還很新，很少有人真正了解它們的潛力，零售商幾乎不知道消費(fèi)者可以通過某些應(yīng)用程序?yàn)g覽商店，比較其他商品供應(yīng)商的價(jià)格和評(píng)論，然后最終在網(wǎng)上購買。A. reviews 評(píng)論；B. locations 位置；C. shows表演；D. similarities相似性。根據(jù)前文“comparing prices ”和后文“from other item providers through certain apps”可知，此處指通過某些應(yīng)用軟件來比較其它商家提供的產(chǎn)品的價(jià)格和其他消費(fèi)者的評(píng)論。故選A。
【23題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. genuinely真正地；B. generously慷慨地；C. particularly 尤其地，特別地；D. finally最后。根據(jù)前文“before”和后文“making the purchase online”可知此處指之前通過比價(jià)和看評(píng)論，最終從網(wǎng)上購買。故選D。
【24題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：十年前，實(shí)體零售商不得不承認(rèn)，“展廳”的存在似乎是一種威脅。A. blessing祝福；B. threat威脅；C. surprise驚喜；D. success成功。后文提到亞馬遜發(fā)布的一個(gè)“邪惡”促銷活動(dòng)表示強(qiáng)烈抗議，該活動(dòng)鼓勵(lì)消費(fèi)者去實(shí)體店購物，同時(shí)使用亞馬遜的價(jià)格查詢應(yīng)用程序，這一例子表明“展廳”的存在似乎是一種威脅。故選B。
【25題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那一年，零售商們對網(wǎng)絡(luò)巨頭亞馬遜發(fā)布的一個(gè)“邪惡”促銷活動(dòng)表示強(qiáng)烈抗議，該活動(dòng)鼓勵(lì)消費(fèi)者去實(shí)體店購物，同時(shí)使用亞馬遜的價(jià)格查詢應(yīng)用程序。A. domestic國內(nèi)的；B. physical 實(shí)物的，實(shí)體的；C. imaginary 想象的；D. parallel平行的。根據(jù)前文“encouraged consumers to visit”和后文“use Amazon’s Price Check app at the same time”，結(jié)合本句中的“ online giant Amazon”，可知，相對于網(wǎng)絡(luò)巨頭亞馬遜而言，此處指讓顧客使用價(jià)格查詢應(yīng)用程序來和實(shí)體店的價(jià)格進(jìn)行比價(jià)。故選B。
【26題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：通過該應(yīng)用程序完成的任何購買都會(huì)獲得獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)折扣，這極大地刺激了銷售，并將許多店主逼到了破產(chǎn)的邊緣。A. superior 優(yōu)越的，優(yōu)良的；B. compulsory強(qiáng)制的，強(qiáng)迫的；C. routine日常的，例行的；D. rewarding有報(bào)酬的，值得的。根據(jù)下文的“ which significantly stimulated sales ”可知，該活動(dòng)刺激了銷售，由此推知通過這個(gè)應(yīng)用程序完成的購買都會(huì)有獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的折扣。故選D。
【27題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. cornered 把……逼入困境；B. messed使混亂；C. overlooked 俯視，忽視；D. refunded退款。根據(jù)下文“many shop owners to the edge of bankruptcy”可知此處指許多店主被逼入困境，接近到破產(chǎn)邊緣。故選A。
【28題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從那時(shí)候起，零售商開始采取策略打擊“展廳”現(xiàn)象，包括發(fā)布獨(dú)家商品出售，這樣就沒有其他來源的參考價(jià)格可供比較。A. reference參考；B. alternative備選；C. exception例外；D. discount折扣。根據(jù)上文“including releasing exclusive items for sale so that”可知，發(fā)布獨(dú)家商品出售，這樣就沒有其他來源的參考價(jià)格可供比較。故選A。
【29題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“然而，較少公開的事實(shí)是，這也是我們最大的機(jī)會(huì)?！盇. criticized批評(píng)的； B. publicized公開的；C. exploited 被開發(fā)的；D. executed已執(zhí)行的，已生效的。根據(jù)上文“Media have reported showrooming as a big threat to physical stores”結(jié)合however表示轉(zhuǎn)折，可知人們都認(rèn)為展示銷售給給實(shí)體商店帶來威脅，但鮮為人知的是這其實(shí)也是實(shí)體店的機(jī)會(huì)。故選B。
【30題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：零售商需要接受這樣的事實(shí)：展廳的行為并不違法，任何明智的買家都傾向于比較價(jià)格。A. reasonable合理的；B. inevitable不可避免的；C. illegal非法的；D. acceptable可接受的。根據(jù)后文“and any sensible buyer tends to compare prices.”可知，展廳行為并不違法，任何明智的買家都傾向于比較價(jià)格。故選C。
【31題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：既然你對此無能為力，你不妨提供店內(nèi)網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接等便利，來幫助這些消費(fèi)者。A. assist幫助；B. prohibit禁止；C. monitor監(jiān)督；D. expose暴露。根據(jù)上文“ you might as well offer conveniences like in-store internet access”可知此處指提供店內(nèi)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接來幫助消費(fèi)者進(jìn)行價(jià)格比較，故選A。
【32題詳解】
考查短語辨析。句意：通過關(guān)懷服務(wù)和可接受的價(jià)格，商店實(shí)際上可能會(huì)提高消費(fèi)者當(dāng)場成交的可能性。A. out of stock缺貨；B. at random隨機(jī)的；C. within reach觸手可及；D. on the spot在現(xiàn)場。根據(jù)上文“you might as well offer conveniences...to…these consumers ”及“the store might actually improve the likelihood for consumers to close the deal”可知，此處指商店如果做好了服務(wù)，可以提高了現(xiàn)場成交的可能性。故選D。
【33題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一項(xiàng)展廳研究表明，零售商將商品價(jià)格限制在比網(wǎng)上商店最多高5美元的水平是明智的。A. higher更高的；B. lower更低的；C. less更少的；D. more更多的。根據(jù)上文“l(fā)imit the item price to at most 5 dollars”可知是指將價(jià)格限制得更高，故選A。
【34題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：畢竟，對于大多數(shù)消費(fèi)者來說，獲得絕對最低的價(jià)格并不是他們的優(yōu)先考慮的事。A. reputation名聲，聲譽(yù)；B. greed貪婪，貪欲；C. priority優(yōu)先權(quán)，優(yōu)先考慮的事；D. devotion奉獻(xiàn)。根據(jù)下文“Many of them, instead, are willing to pay…in exchange for favourable shopping experiences, ”可知，很多消費(fèi)者在乎的是購物的體驗(yàn)，而獲取最低的價(jià)格并不是他們優(yōu)先考慮的事。故選C。
【35題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，他們中的許多人愿意支付額外費(fèi)用，以換取良好的購物體驗(yàn)，例如愉快的店鋪氣氛、令人愉快的員工態(tài)度，甚至是歡快的音樂，當(dāng)然，價(jià)格差距也是合理的。A. attention注意力；B. deposit 押金；C. honor榮耀；D. extra額外的東西（指金錢）。根據(jù)下文“in exchange for favourable shopping experiences, ”可知，此處指顧客們愿意為良好的購物體驗(yàn)支付額外的費(fèi)用。故選D。
【36題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. disorder無秩序，混亂；B. gap間隙，差距；C. split劈開，裂口；D. deadline截止時(shí)間，最后期限。根據(jù)前文“it’s wise for retailers to limit the item price to at most 5 dollars higher than what online stores charge”可知，此處指合理的價(jià)格差距。故選B。
【37題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，采取多渠道的策略也很重要。A. However然而；B. Actually實(shí)際上；C. Besides此外；D. Therefore因此。后文提到了采取多渠道的策略，是對上文的補(bǔ)充，應(yīng)用besides。故選C。
【38題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，采取多渠道的策略也很重要。A. accessible可達(dá)到的，易取得的；B. multiple復(fù)合的，多樣的；C. loyal忠實(shí)的；D. concrete具體的。根據(jù)下文“With many sale channels under control”可知，此處指采用多渠道的策略很重要。故選B。
【39題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：因此，當(dāng)顧客在商店里拿出移動(dòng)設(shè)備時(shí)，零售商可以避免大約十年前不可避免的恐慌。A. puts out熄滅；B. carries out開展；C. seeks out找出；D. pulls out拿出。根據(jù)后文“a mobile device in store”指拿出移動(dòng)設(shè)備，故選D。
【40題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，當(dāng)顧客在商店里拿出移動(dòng)設(shè)備時(shí)，零售商可以避免10年前不可避免的恐慌。A. suspicion 懷疑；B. effort努力；C. panic恐慌；D. guilt內(nèi)疚。結(jié)合上文內(nèi)容可知，以前展示銷售幾乎把零售商逼到破產(chǎn)的邊緣，再根據(jù)下文“that was unavoidable for them some ten years ago”可知此處指零售商可以避免10年前不可避免的恐慌，即被逼到破產(chǎn)邊緣。故選C。

第二節(jié) 單項(xiàng)選擇（共 20 小題；每小題 1 分，滿分 20 分）
41. The move has sparked a_________reaction from employees and triggered a chain of strikes in the past few weeks.
A. relevant B. bilingual C. tranquil D. furious
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：此舉引發(fā)了員工的強(qiáng)烈反應(yīng)，并在過去幾周引發(fā)了一系列罷工。A. relevant相關(guān)的；B. bilingual雙語的；C. tranquil寧靜的；D. furious激烈的，強(qiáng)烈的。根據(jù)下文“triggered a chain of strikes in the past few weeks”可知是引起了員工的強(qiáng)烈反應(yīng)，furious符合題意。故選D。
42. If we could turn the population of the Earth into a small village community of 100 people, keeping roughly the same _________we have today on our planet, it would be something like this.
A. prospects B. proposals C. proportions D. petitions
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我們能把地球上的人口變成一個(gè)100人的小村莊社區(qū)，保持我們今天在地球上的比例大致相同，那就會(huì)是這樣的情況了。A.prospects前景；B.proposals提議；C.proportions比例；D.petitions請求。根據(jù)上文提到的 the population，可知是保持在地球上的人口比例相同，故選C。
43. The sailors were all in amazement, and asked me a thousand questions, which I had no_________to answer.
A. inclination B. property C. demonstration D. distribution
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：水手們都驚呆了，問了我一千個(gè)問題，我不想回答。A. inclination意向；B. property財(cái)產(chǎn)；D. demonstration示范；D. distribution分配。根據(jù)“asked me a thousand questions”可知，水手們問了一千個(gè)問題，這一千個(gè)問題我并不想回答。故選A。
44. Normally acquiring new skills requires a lot of_________both in time and money.
A. commitment B. combination C. substance D. ignorance
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：通常，獲得新技能需要大量的時(shí)間和金錢投入。A. commitment投入；B. combination聯(lián)合；C. substance物質(zhì)；D. ignorance無知。根據(jù)“both in time and money”可知，獲得新技能需要大量的時(shí)間和金錢的投入。故選A。
45. By jumping over the barriers, he_________not paying for a ticket.
A. disposed of B. got away with C. was mistaken for D. apologized for
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：通過跳過障礙，他沒有買票，僥幸逃脫了。A. dispose of 解決；應(yīng)付；處理；B. get away with v. 僥幸成功，逃脫處罰；C. be mistaken for 被誤認(rèn)為；D. apologize for 為……道歉，替……道歉。根據(jù)前面的by jumping over the barriers和空格后的not paying for a ticket可知，他跳過障礙，逃票成功了，所以應(yīng)該用短語get away with。故選B項(xiàng)。
46. You have reduced him to his present state of poverty and_________him of the best years of his life, of the independence he deserved.
A. deprived B. distinguished C. defended D. derived
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：你使他陷入了現(xiàn)在的貧窮狀態(tài)，剝奪了他生命中最好的時(shí)光，剝奪了他應(yīng)得的獨(dú)立。A. deprived剝奪；B. distinguished區(qū)分；C. defended保衛(wèi)；D. derived獲得。根據(jù)句意和空格前的and可知，空格處的詞在意義上和前面的reduce（使陷入）應(yīng)該是順接關(guān)系，所以空格處應(yīng)該用單詞deprive（使喪失，剝奪）。故選A項(xiàng)。
47. Mr. Dempsey stood for a few seconds, and perhaps some secret suspicion crept over him that this visit might be thought _________.
A. infectious B. intrusive C. inferior D. prompt
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：鄧普西先生站了幾秒鐘，心里也許暗暗懷疑這次來訪會(huì)被認(rèn)為是打擾了。A.infectious傳染的，傳染性的； B.intrusive侵入的；打擾的；C.inferior次的，較差的；D.prompt迅速的，立刻的。根據(jù)“some secret suspicion”和“this visit might be thought”可知，此處是指懷疑這次造訪會(huì)被認(rèn)為是打擾的。故選B。
48. Aid agencies have accused the international community of failing to_________promises to provide humanitarian assistance to Yemen ahead of talks on the subject at the UN General Assembly.
A. keep track of B. live up to C. sign up for D. confess to
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：援助機(jī)構(gòu)指責(zé)國際社會(huì)未能兌現(xiàn)向也門提供人道主義援助的承諾，聯(lián)合國大會(huì)將就這一問題舉行會(huì)談。A. keep track of與……保持聯(lián)系；B. live up to不辜負(fù)，做到；C. sign up for報(bào)名參加；D. confess to承認(rèn)。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為動(dòng)詞短語live up to“不辜負(fù)；做到”，滿足句意要求。故選B項(xiàng)。
49. By 2060, I think that new ways of producing food will have been found to prevent_________.
A. starvation B. sanitation C. resolution D. opposition
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：到2060年，我認(rèn)為生產(chǎn)食物的新方法將被發(fā)現(xiàn)以防止饑餓。A. starvation饑餓；B. sanitation環(huán)境衛(wèi)生；C. resolution決議；D. opposition反對。根據(jù)空前“new ways of producing food will have been found”可知，此處指找到防止饑餓的生產(chǎn)食物的新方法。故選A。
50. The jury decided that the shooting was_________because Rogers thought his own life was in danger.
A. distinct B. abnormal C. justifiable D. automatic
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：陪審團(tuán)認(rèn)為槍擊事件是正當(dāng)?shù)模驗(yàn)榱_杰斯認(rèn)為自己的生命有危險(xiǎn)。A. distinct不同的；B. abnormal不正常的；C. justifiable正當(dāng)?shù)?；D. automatic自動(dòng)的。根據(jù)下文“because Rogers thought his own life was in danger.”可推斷出陪審團(tuán)認(rèn)為槍擊事件是正當(dāng)?shù)?，故選C。
51. Elizabeth felt herself growing more angry every moment but she tried very hard to speak with_________.
A. comprehension B. composure C. affection D. confrontation
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：伊麗莎白感到自己越來越生氣，但她竭力使自己說話平靜些。A. comprehension理解；B. composure鎮(zhèn)靜；C. affection感情，喜愛；D. confrontation對抗，沖突。結(jié)合句意可知，此處指伊麗莎白在生氣的情況下盡力使自己能鎮(zhèn)靜地說話，名詞composure符合題意。故選B。
52. Friendly contacts between different peoples _________ the cultural and economic interchange.
A. reveal B. facilitate C. suppress D. mourn
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：各民族之間的友好交往促進(jìn)了文化和經(jīng)濟(jì)交流。A. reveal揭示、透露、表明；B. facilitate促進(jìn)、推動(dòng)、使便利；C. suppress鎮(zhèn)壓、壓制、阻止；D. mourn悼念、哀悼。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示各民族之間的友好交往可以“促進(jìn)”文化和經(jīng)濟(jì)交流，此處facilitate符合句意。故選B項(xiàng)。
53. The pandemic has_________job and economic uncertainty for many Americans and impacted interpersonal relationships.
A. estimated B. compensated C. heightened D. overlooked
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：疫情加劇了許多美國人的就業(yè)和經(jīng)濟(jì)不確定性，并影響了人際關(guān)系。A. estimated估計(jì)；B. compensated補(bǔ)償；C. heightened加?。籇. overlooked忽視。根據(jù)句意，此處表示“疫情加劇了就業(yè)和經(jīng)濟(jì)的不確定性”，表示“加劇”用heighten。設(shè)空處應(yīng)使用過去分詞與空前has構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故選C。
54. Don’t be_________by products claiming to make you lose weight quickly.
A. taken in B. taken down C. taken up D. taken on
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：不要被那些號(hào)稱能讓你快速減肥的產(chǎn)品所欺騙。A. taken in欺騙；B. taken down寫下；C. taken up占據(jù)；D. taken on上映。根據(jù)句意，表示“欺騙”用take in，符合句意。故選A。
55. He could also learn to use the vacuum cleaner, the washing machine and other household_________.
A. estimations B. appliances C. estates D. ambassadors
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他還可以學(xué)習(xí)使用吸塵器、洗衣機(jī)和其他家用電器。A. estimations判斷；B. appliances電器；C. estates房產(chǎn)；D. ambassadors大使。根據(jù)上文“the vacuum cleaner, the washing machine and other household”可知是指使用吸塵器、洗衣機(jī)和其他家用電器。故選B。
56. I feel we live in a climate where everyone is taught to mistrust each other and report our neighbour’s _________behaviour.
A. embarrassing B. random C. genuine D. suspicious
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我覺得我們生活在這樣一種氛圍中，每個(gè)人都被教育要互相不信任，要報(bào)告鄰居的可疑行為。A. embarrassing令人尷尬的；B. random隨意的；C. genuine真正的；D. suspicious可疑的。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為形容詞suspicious“可疑的”，滿足句意要求。故選D項(xiàng)。
57. Don't do things_________, or you're likely to make mistakes.
A. desperately B. identically C. hastily D. constantly
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：不要匆忙做事，要不然你很可能犯錯(cuò)誤。A. desperately拼命地，不過一切地；B. identically同一地；C. hastily匆忙地；D. constantly連續(xù)不斷地。根據(jù)句意可知，很可能犯錯(cuò)誤的原因是做事兒太匆忙，所以不要匆忙地做事情，符合句意。故選C項(xiàng)。
58. These are responsible employers who are not seeking to _________ loopholes in the legislation.
A. reverse B. exploit C. manufacture D. integrate
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這些雇主都是負(fù)責(zé)任的雇主，他們不會(huì)企圖利用法律的漏洞。A. reverse顛倒，反轉(zhuǎn)；B. exploit開發(fā)，利用；C. manufacture制造，捏造；D. integrate整合，合并。結(jié)合句意，此處是指負(fù)責(zé)任的雇主不用利用法律的漏洞，exploit符合題意。故選B。
59. The investigation group was formed in 1996, _________ providing a solution for better containing teenage crime.
A. out of sympathy for B. in the absence of C. with the objective of D. in acknowledgement of
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：調(diào)查小組于1996年成立，目的是為更好地遏止青少年犯罪提供解決辦法。A. out of sympathy for出于同情；B. in the absence of由于缺席；C. with the objective of目的是為了；D. in acknowledgement of承認(rèn)。根據(jù)語境及常識(shí)可知，空后解釋了調(diào)查小組成立的目的，介詞短語with the objective of符合語境。故選C。
60. Although there have been many attempts to create a simple, logical and _________ artificial language over the centuries, very little progress has been made towards the creation of a universally-used language.
A. persistent B. potential C. plausible D. passionate
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，盡管有許多人試圖創(chuàng)造一種簡單、合乎邏輯和合理的人工語言，但在創(chuàng)造一種普遍使用的語言方面進(jìn)展甚微。A.persistent持久的；B.potential潛在的；C.plausible合理的；D.passionate熱情的。根據(jù)“a simple, logical”可知，此處是指合理的人工語言。故選C。
第三節(jié) 語篇填空（共 10 小題；每小題 1.5 分，滿分 15 分）
閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入 1 個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
The Paris 2024 Olympics and Paralympics unveiled the Phryges as their____61____ (office) mascots this week, ____62____ (show) off cartoonish images that are meeting with wide-ranging reactions. Phryges are small Phrygian caps( 弗里吉亞帽 ), ____63____ represent a strong symbol of liberty, inclusivity and the ability of people____64____ (support) great and meaningful causes. The difference is that Paralympic mascot wears____65____prosthetic(假體的) running blade to raise the profiles of para-athletes and people____66____disabilities and to promote the sporting values of inclusion.
The mascots are dressed in a red, white and blue colourway, with the golden Paris 2024 logo across their chests. It's a symbol of revolution and freedom, of striving. The mascot, Phryges, is an icon____67____ (see) over centuries, from the Notre Dame Cathedral to the Eiffel Tower. More____68____ (specific), it's the red hat famously worn by Marianne, the artistic symbol of the free French republic.
The two mascots share a motto of “Alone we go faster, but together we go____69____ (far)”, and the Olympic Phryge is described as “a person with a calculating brain”, while the Paralympic Phryge is “spontaneous and full of energy and____70____(enthusiastic)”.
Julie Matikhine, the brand manager of the Paris 2024 Games, said of the Phryges, “It is a mascot who embodies the French spirit. An ideal that carries the values of our country, a part of our history and a singular point of view on the world.”
【答案】61. official
62. showing
63. which 64. to support 65. a
66. with 67. seen
68. specifically
69. further
70. enthusiasm
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞稿。文章主要介紹巴黎2024年奧運(yùn)會(huì)和殘奧會(huì)于本周公布了“弗里熱”作為官方吉祥物。
【61題詳解】
考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：巴黎2024年奧運(yùn)會(huì)和殘奧會(huì)于本周公布了“弗里熱”作為官方吉祥物，展示了這引起了廣泛反響的卡通形象。本空應(yīng)填形容詞作定語修飾后面名詞mascots。故填official。
【62題詳解】
考查非謂語。句意：巴黎2024年奧運(yùn)會(huì)和殘奧會(huì)于本周公布了“弗里熱”作為官方吉祥物，展示了這引起了廣泛反響的卡通形象。分析句子可知，此空應(yīng)填非謂語，且主語The Paris 2024 Olympics and Paralympics和show為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，再根據(jù)句意可知，此空應(yīng)填現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填showing。
【63題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：弗里熱是弗里吉亞語的小帽子，它代表著自由、包容和人們支持偉大而有意義的事業(yè)的能力。分析句子可知，這里考查非限制性定語從句，先行詞為 small Phrygian caps，在從句中作主語，所以應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which。故填which。
【64題詳解】
考查非謂語。句意：弗里熱是弗里吉亞語的小帽子，它代表著自由、包容和人們支持偉大而有意義的事業(yè)的能力。這里考查ability to do sth表“做某事的能力”，為固定搭配，所以這里應(yīng)填不定式作后置定語。故填to support。
【65題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：不同之處在于，殘奧會(huì)吉祥物佩戴了假肢活動(dòng)刀片，以提高殘奧動(dòng)員和殘疾人的形象，并促進(jìn)包容的體育價(jià)值觀。prosthetic running blade表“假肢活動(dòng)刀片”，這里是泛指概念，且prosthetic為輔音音素開始的單詞。故填a。
【66題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：不同之處在于，殘奧會(huì)吉祥物佩戴了假肢跑步刀片，以提高殘奧動(dòng)員和殘疾人的形象，并促進(jìn)包容的體育價(jià)值觀。分析句子可知，此空應(yīng)填介詞with，with disabilities表“有殘疾的”，為介詞短語，在這里作定語修飾前面名詞people。故填with。
【67題詳解】
考查非謂語。句意：吉祥物弗里熱是幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來的一個(gè)一直能被看見的標(biāo)志，從巴黎圣母院到埃菲爾鐵塔。分析句子可知，此空應(yīng)填非謂語，且an icon和see為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，再根據(jù)句意可知，這里應(yīng)用過去分詞作后置定語。故填seen。
【68題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：更具體地說，這是瑪麗安（Marianne）所戴的紅帽子，她是自由法蘭西共和國的藝術(shù)象征。分析句子可知，此空應(yīng)填副詞作狀語修飾后面整個(gè)句子。故填specifically。
【69題詳解】
考查副詞比較級(jí)。句意：這兩個(gè)吉祥物有一個(gè)共同的座右銘：“單獨(dú)我們走得更快，但一起我們走得更遠(yuǎn)”，奧運(yùn)會(huì)弗里熱被描述為“一個(gè)有計(jì)算能力的人”，而殘奧會(huì)弗里熱則是“自發(fā)的，充滿活力和熱情”。由前文“faster”可知，此空也應(yīng)填副詞比較級(jí)，而further是指程度上進(jìn)一步的。故填further。
【70題詳解】
考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：這兩個(gè)吉祥物有一個(gè)共同的座右銘：“單獨(dú)我們走得更快，但一起我們走得更遠(yuǎn)”，奧運(yùn)會(huì)弗里熱被描述為“一個(gè)有計(jì)算能力的人”，而殘奧會(huì)弗里熱則是“自發(fā)的，充滿活力和熱情”。由前文“energy”可知，此空應(yīng)填名詞，enthusiasm表“熱情”，為不可數(shù)名詞。故填enthusiasm。
第四部分：寫作（滿分 25 分）（寫在最后的答題卷上）
71. 目前，網(wǎng)絡(luò)語言(Internet Slang)在青少年中極為盛行，你校學(xué)生會(huì)在同學(xué)中就對網(wǎng)絡(luò)語言的看法進(jìn)行了調(diào)查，調(diào)查結(jié)果見下面餅狀圖(pie chart)。請根據(jù)圖中信息，用英語寫一篇短文，介紹同學(xué)們的看法，并表達(dá)你自己的觀點(diǎn)。

注意：
1. 字?jǐn)?shù) 120 字左右。
2. 結(jié)構(gòu)：引入話題——介紹調(diào)查結(jié)果——簡述個(gè)人立場。
3. 要求：主次分明，觀點(diǎn)清晰，詞匯地道，語法準(zhǔn)確，卷面整齊。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】At present, Internet slang has become more and more popular among the teenagers. According to a survey conducted by our Students’ Union, students’ opinions on this issue are divided as follows.
Most of the students are in favor of Internet slang. About 35% of the students hold the view that Internet slang is vivid and fashionable. Another 33% of them enjoy its humor and intelligence. And a quarter of the students believe it makes chatting on the Internet more convenient. However, there are 7% of the students thinking Internet slang lacks depth of thought and is too casual. In addition, it is hard for most people to understand and accept this kind of slang. If it is used too much in a passage, it may make readers confused, and even cause misunderstanding.
In my opinion, living in the Information Age, if we are not familiar with Internet slang, we are likely to fall behind.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)是一篇議論文。要求考生將學(xué)生會(huì)就青少年對網(wǎng)絡(luò)語言的看法進(jìn)行介紹，同時(shí)發(fā)表自己對使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)語言的看法。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
目前：at present →nowadays
執(zhí)行：conduct →carry out
此外：in addition →additionally → besides → apart from that
在某人看來：in one’s opinion →personally speaking →as far as sb. be concerned
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復(fù)合句
原句：According to a survey conducted by our Students’ Union, students’ opinions on this issue are divided as follows.
拓展句：According to a survey, which was conducted by our Students’ Union, students’ opinions on this issue are divided as follows.
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1] About 35% of the students hold the view that Internet slang is vivid and fashionable. (運(yùn)用了同位語從句)
[高分句型2] However, there are 7% of the students thinking Internet slang lacks depth of thought and is too casual. (運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語)

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