?河南省鄭州外國語學(xué)校2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期1月月考英語試題
學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級(jí)：___________考號(hào)：___________

第一部分、閱讀理解
On a rainy afternoon, maybe one of the following books will keep you company leisurely, allowing you to spend your time alone as well as stepping into a different world.
Don't Shed Your Tears for Anyone Who Lives on These Streets, by Patricio Pron
In April 1945, Italy, a writer disappeared at a conference and was found dead at another place. Thirty years later, a young man interviewed survivors from the conference, trying to uncover the truth about what happened and its consequences. This novel, by a well-known Argentine writer, explores art, crime and politics.
When Breath Becomes Air, by Paul Kalanithi
At thirty-six, Paul Kalanithi was diagnosed(診斷) with stage IV lung cancer. One day he was a doctor treating the dying, and the next he was a patient. This autobiography finds hope and beauty in the face of death as Kalanithi attempts to answer the question “What makes a life worth living?”.
To Kill a Mockingbird, by Harper Lee
Set in a small Alabama town in the 1930s, the story focuses on honest, highly respected lawyer Atticus Finch who puts his career on the line when he agrees to represent Tom Robinson, a black man accused of committing a crime.
Nobody Will Tell You This But Me: A true(as told to me) story by Bess Kalb
Bess Kalb saved every voicemail from her grandmother Bobby Bell who died at ninety. In this book, Bobby is speaking to Bess once more, in a voice as loving as it ever was in life and brings us several generations of brave women. They include Bobby's mother, who traveled alone from Belarus to America to survive, and Bess's mother, who always fought against convention.
1. What type of book is the first novel?
A. Sci-fi. B. Biography. C. Detective books. D. History books.
2. Which book explores life and death?
A. To Kill a Mockingbird.
B. When Breath Becomes Air.
C. Don't Shed Your Tears for Anyone Who Lives on These Streets.
D. Nobody Will Tell You This But Me: A true(as told to me) story.
3. Who is the main character in the last novel?
A. Bobby Bell. B. Bess Kalb. C. Bess's mother. D. Bobby's mother.

One rainy afternoon, I was on a crosstown bus when a young woman jumped on. She had a child with her who must have been about 3 or 4 years old.
The bus was full, bumpy, and it soon got noisy as her kid began crying because he couldn't sit next to his mother. There were a couple of open scats, but they weren't together. She was flustered and looked embarrassed.
Then another woman, a little older, stood up and moved so that the mother and child could it together. The mom smiled as a thank-you. And then three words came out of the older woman's mouth that elevated the entire energy of that bus ride: “I've been there.”
Simple, undramatic and honest. In that moment, it seemed to unite people. Why? Because almost all experiences are shared human experiences. We forget that, as we forge(前進(jìn)) through life, we focused on our own troubles and needs — which are actually less unique than we think. How can these three words create more connection in your life? Ask yourself; “Where am I holding back?”
One thing I know for sure is this: Healing(治愈) others helps heal yourself. I noticed this recently with my friend, Tracy, who took a new friend who had suffered a miscarriage(流產(chǎn)) under her wing. Tracy had three of them before having her daughter two years ago. Our minds need a doctor to explain the medical side of things. But our souls need human connection to help us along. No one can do that better than someone who has been exactly where you are.
Can the essence(精髓) of these three words help you make a small difference right now? It can be as simple as volunteering your seat, sharing some helpful advice or even lightening the mood with a joke when you notice that someone's uncomfortable — because we're all in this together.
4. Which word is closest in meaning to the underlined word “flustered” in the second paragraph?
A. angry. B. eager.
C. scared. D. upset.
5. What does the woman mean by saying “I've been there” in the third paragraph?
A. The woman was on the bus and saw what had happened to the boy.
B. The woman got to her destination and was ready to get off the bus.
C. The woman once had the similar experience with that mother.
D. The woman took the exact scat that the boy was on just now.
6. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Everyone has his or her own unique problem that is difficult to solve.
B. Doctors can help us get through when we have mental or physical problems.
C. The author's friend Tracy felt better after she was comforted by her new friend.
D. One can indeed make a difference to those in need of help by doing simple things.
7. The passage is intended to ________.
A. show a harmonious world by telling some touching stories
B. praise those who are willing to help others in emergencies
C. appal to readers to give timely help to those in need
D. illustrate some ways of helping others in detail

A demonstration mission to test an idea to clean up space debris launched Monday morning local time from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Known as ELSA-d, the mission will exhibit technology that could help capture space junk, the millions of pieces of orbital debris that float above Earth.
The more than 8,000 metric tons of debris threaten the loss of services we rely on for Earth-bound life, including weather forecasting, telecommunications and GPS systems.
The spacecraft works by attempting to attach itself to dead satellites and pushing them toward Earth to burn up in the atmosphere.
ELSA-d, which stands for End-of-Life Services by Astroscale, will be carried out by a “servicer satellite” and a “client satellite” that launched together, according to Astroscale, the Japan-based company behind the mission. Using a magnetic docking technology, the servicer will release and try to “date” with the client, which will act as a model piece of space junk.
The mission, which will be run from the U.K., will carry out this catch and release process repeatedly over the course of six months. The goal is to prove the servicer satellite's ability to track down and dock with its target in varying levels of complexity.
The spacecraft is not designed to capture dead satellites already in orbit, but rather future satellites that would be launched with compatible docking plates on them.
According to NASA, cleaning up space — and addressing the risks associated with debris — depend on preventing the accumulation of more waste and actively removing it.
The development of other cleanup technologies has been underway for years. In 2018, a device called RemoveDebris successfully cast a net around a model satellite. The European Space Agency also plans to send a self-destructing robot into orbit in 2025, which the organization's former director general has referred to as a space “vacuum cleaner”.
These efforts could prove increasingly important as private space ventures like SpaceX continue to fill low Earth orbit with a “mega-constellation” of satellites.
8. What do we know about space junk?
A. It has a potential effect on our daily life. B. It circles around the earth alongside satellites.
C. It is what astronauts desert in outer space. D. It has been cleaned up several times so far.
9. What does the author tell us about ELSA-d in paragraph 4?
A. Its achievements in space. B. Its theoretical principle.
C. Its two new satellites. D. Its space mission in orbit.
10. What's the purpose of designing the spacecraft?
A. Removing existing space junk in orbit. B. Testing docking technology.
C. Sending astronauts into space. D. Capturing satellites to be launched.
11. What is the passage mainly about?
A. ELSA-d's experimental process. B. Dead satellites floating in orbit.
C. New effort to clean up space junk. D. The application of docking technology.

In over 25 years, DeSimone has spun his research findings into commercial gold by launching several businesses. As a faculty member at the University of North Carolina, he provided scientific advice and held equity in the businesses. But he has never actually managed his companies. His employers bar him from simultaneously holding an academic post and an executive position. The dual roles can present huge conflicts.
Conflicts of interest(COIs)occur when an individual's personal interests — family, friendships, financial, or social factors — could compromise his or her judgment, decisions, or actions in the workplace, and it makes sound career sense to think about how to manage them. Researchers should disclose potential or existing conflicts across all aspects of academic life.
In most places, COI management runs on an honor system. Researchers decide which financial holdings and relationships to disclose to university administrators. Journals and funders adopt a similar system when they ask authors and peer reviewers about potential conflicts related to manuscript or grant approvals.
Most research institutions offer training to help faculty members to understand what constitutes a potential or existing conflict. Administrators then decide whether the interest presents a conflict, and whether that conflict can be handled. If so, they create a management plan to address it. If not, researchers must abandon the work, partner with researchers at other institutions, or leave their university.
Perception plays a part in defining a potential conflict, warns Walt, a chemist at Tufts University. Investigators who develop a technology in the laboratory and then transfer it to their company could create a conflict of interest in the eyes of their students, Walt says. But the potential conflict can be avoided by drafting a licensing agreement that bars discoveries from automatically being transferred to the investigator's company. Walt created such an arrangement to assure his students that they weren't actually working for his private companies.
Relationships can pose conflicts when conference organizers are choosing speakers. Members of the American Society for Human Genetics program committee, which selects abstracts and talks for their annual meeting, must recuse(要求回避) themselves from considering talks by, for example, researchers at their current and past institutions, close collaborators and those with whom they have personal or familial ties.
Even differing points of view can play a part. Scacheri, a geneticist who chairs the committee, says that members who have disagreed personally with potential speakers might also be obliged to recuse themselves: “If you feel like you can't be an impartial(公正的) reviewer, that is considered a COI.”
Handling COIs can be burdensome. COI managers emphasize that the goal is not to suppress innovation, but to expose potential conflicts so that they can be managed. “Nothing about the process is meant to be prohibitive,” says Grewal, a COI officer at MIT. Her institution wants to enable good science and the betterment of humanity. “During that process,” she says, “if you make some money, that's good as well.”
12. The example of DeSimone in Paragraph 1 is used mainly to ________.
A. raise a question B. report a finding
C. introduce a topic D. present a theory
13. To better deal with COIs, ________.
A. researchers have to quit their job at the university
B. researchers should report the conflicts that possibly exist
C. institutions need to monitor the staff's career and relationships
D. institutions should train researchers to create management plans
14. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Grewal considers COI management exhausting and costly.
B. Walt arranged to transfer discoveries at his lab to his companies.
C. Conference organizers should avoid inviting unqualified speakers.
D. Scacheri believes personal viewpoints may impact a reviewer's decision.
15. What can we infer from the passage?
A. COIs can be defined depending on interpretations.
B. COIs benefit scientific innovation and better humanity.
C. COIs arise primarily due to the pursuit of financial gains.
D. COIs can be got rid of by promoting fairness in workplaces.


二、七選五
Food plays an essential role in our lives and rightfully so: The food we eat is related to our culture. ___16___. Don't believe me? Here's why food is the best way to understand a culture:
___17___
It doesn't matter where you're from — you have to eat. Your social culture most likely developed from the need to eat. Once they surpassed hunting and gathering, many early civilizations organized themselves in ways that promoted food distribution and production. That also meant that the animals, land and resources you were near governed what you'd consume and how you'd prepare and cook it.
Food preservation techniques are unique to climates and lifestyles.
Ever wonder why the process to preserve meat is so different around the world? ___18___. In Morocco, if preserved correctly, Khlea, a dish, is still good for two years when stored at room temperature. That makes much sense in Morocco, which has had a strong nomadic(游牧的) population, desert landscape, and extremely warm, dry temperatures.
The main local cuisines illustrate historical eating patterns.
Some societies have cuisines that are entirely based on meat, and others are almost entirely plant-based. India's cuisine is extremely varied from region to region, with meat and wheat heavy dishes in the far north, to spectacular fish delicacies in the east, to rice-based vegetarian diets in the south. ___19___.
Food tourism.
___20___. A food tourist won't just focus on having a pint at Oktoberfest, but will be interested in learning the German beer making process, and possibly how they can make their own fresh beer. Since their interest in food is more than meal deep, the tourists have the chance to learn local preparation techniques that can lead to other aspects of a particular region's culture.
A. Food affects the civilization
B. Food is a universal necessity
C. And the western part is home to strict vegetarians
D. Some people have a trip just for enjoying the food
E. It has to do with local resources, needs, and climates
F. You can learn much about a particular culture by exploring their food
G. Some people have taken the combination of food and culture to a new level


三、完形填空
Courage involves the balance between fear and bravery. Without fear, we'll do foolish things. And without courage, we'll never step into the ____21____. The balance of the two is where the ____22____ lies, and it's a balance we all deal with every day.
It was frightening news when I was first diagnosed because I had no ____23____ with chronic(慢性的) illness or disabilities. And I had no idea how the disease might ____24____. But I continued to ____25____ my dream of working all over the world. And then my work brought me to the United States. And even as the disease progressed ____26____ and I needed leg braces(支架) and a walker to ____27____, I still longed for adventure. And this time, I started dreaming of a ____28____ outdoor adventure.
Sitting eight feet above the ground, riding a horse, I got the impression of the Grand Canyon — one of ___29___ and terror. But there was no _____30_____. In the first hour, disaster struck. Going down an oversized step, I was ____31____ forward and hit my face on the back of the horse's head. There was _____32_____. My head hurt fiercely, but the path was too narrow for me to _____33_____ the horse.
Now that the trip is over, I know that I would never do horseback-riding again. The _____34_____, all that planning and the trip itself showed me a level of _____35_____ I had never experienced before. But more importantly, it showed me how boldly _____36_____ I can be.
In facing my fears and finding the courage to _____37_____ them, I swear my life has been _____38_____. So live big and try to let your courage _____39_____ your fear. You never know where it might _____40_____ you.
21. A. unimportant B. unfair C. unknown D. undesirable
22. A. intention B. magic C. outcome D. option
23. A. experience B. direction C. relationship D. mood
24. A. emerge B. adapt C. progress D. extend
25. A. present B. purchase C. interpret D. pursue
26. A. flexibly B. mildly C. evenly D. significantly
27. A. get around B. go over C. come along D. hold on
28. A. random B. grand C. romantic D. historical
29. A. regret B. disgust C. shock D. embarrassment
30. A. settling down B. turning down C. trying out D. giving up
31. A. knocked B. thrown C. stuck D. hurried
32. A. panic B. stress C. relaxation D. silence
33. A. fall off B. get off C. take off D. cut off
34. A. spectacle B. horizon C. magnificence D. expedition
35. A. delight B. calmness C. persistence D. fear
36. A. peaceful B. attracted C. courageous D. smart
37. A. push through B. get away with C. put out D. hold back
38. A. grave B. busy C. extraordinary D. happy
39. A. outline B. overweigh C. overlook D. outnumber
40. A. take B. bring C. keep D. guard


語法填空
For much of history, reading was a fairly noisy activity. Today, however, the majority of us bottle the words in our heads as if ___41___ (sit) in a library.?
Recent studies provide enough evidence ___42___ the ancient art of reading aloud has a number of benefits, from helping improve our memories ___43___ strengthening emotional bonds between people.?
According to research on the impact of reading on memory, people consistently remember words and texts ___44___ (well) if reading them aloud than if reading them silently. This phenomenon has been named the “production effect”, which means that producing ___45___ (write) words — namely, reading them out loud — improves our memory of them. Even just silently mouthing the words makes ___46___ (they) more memorable.?
One reason why people remember the spoken words better is that it gives us ___47___ additional basis for memory. We are ___48___ (general) better at recalling events that require active involvement. For instance, producing a word in ___49___ (respond) to a question makes it easier to remember.?
In time when our interactions with others and the large amount of information we take in ___50___ (be) all too transient(轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝的), perhaps it is worth making a bit more time for reading out loud.


短文改錯(cuò)
Aimed to enhance students' awareness of responsibility, a coming-of-age ceremony was held on the school playground on last Friday.
Initially, the Senior 3 students made an oath that they will do their utmost to become qualified citizen. They swore to commit themselves for society. Then they conveyed their sincerely gratitude to their parents which had gone through numerous hardships to raise them. Two hours late, the ceremony was put to end with splendid performances.
This activity benefited all participants, inspire them to exploit their full potential to fulfill their dreams and shoulder the responsibilities for our families and society.

書面表達(dá)
假如你是李華，你的英國網(wǎng)友Forbes打算抽空到中國學(xué)習(xí)太極（Tai Chi），他寫信向你求助，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下列要點(diǎn)給對(duì)方寫一封回信：1. 介紹學(xué)太極好處；2. 負(fù)責(zé)聯(lián)系學(xué)習(xí)地點(diǎn)和老師。
注意：1. 詞數(shù)100左右。
2. 可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
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1. C????2. B????3. A
本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。作者主要介紹了四本可以在休閑時(shí)間閱讀的英文書。
1. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一本小說Don't Shed Your Tears for Anyone Who Lives on These Streets, by Patricio Pron部分中“In April 1945, Italy, a writer disappeared at a conference and was found dead at another place. Thirty years later, a young man interviewed survivors from the conference, trying to uncover the truth about what happened and its consequences. This novel, by a well-known Argentine writer, explores art, crime and politics.（1945年4月，意大利一名作家在一次會(huì)議上失蹤，被發(fā)現(xiàn)死在另一個(gè)地方。三十年后，一個(gè)年輕人采訪了會(huì)議上的幸存者，試圖揭開發(fā)生了什么的真相及其后果。這本由阿根廷著名作家寫的小說探討了藝術(shù)、犯罪和政治）”可知，這本書講述了一樁陳年命案的調(diào)查故事，是偵探小說。故選C。
2. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)When Breath Becomes Air, by Paul Kalanithi部分中“This autobiography finds hope and beauty in the face of death as Kalanithi attempts to answer the question ‘What makes a life worth living?’.（這本自傳在面對(duì)死亡時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)了希望和美麗，卡拉尼蒂試圖回答這個(gè)問題：‘什么讓生命值得活下去？’）”可知，When Breath Becomes Air是一本探討生命和死亡話題的小說。故選B。
3. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Bess Kalb saved every voicemail from her grandmother Bobby Bell who died at ninety. In this book, Bobby is speaking to Bess once more, in a voice as loving as it ever was in life and brings us several generations of brave women.（Bess Kalb保存了她九十歲去世的祖母Bobby Bell的每一條語音留言。在這本書中，Bobby再次對(duì)Bess說話，用一種一如既往充滿愛的聲音，向我們呈現(xiàn)了幾代勇敢女性的形象）”可知，最后一本小說的主角是Bobby Bell。故選A。
4. D????5. C????6. D????7. C
本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章由作者在公交車上看到一位老太太給一對(duì)母子讓座，老太太對(duì)那位母親說“我也經(jīng)歷過”而引發(fā)了對(duì)這句話的思考，并聯(lián)想到自身小時(shí)候家中貧困的經(jīng)歷。作者認(rèn)為個(gè)人的煩惱和需求大多是共同的經(jīng)歷，這句話可以幫助安慰別人現(xiàn)在的痛苦，將人們聯(lián)系在一起。
4. 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“The bus was full, bumpy, and it soon got noisy as her kid began crying because he couldn't sit next to his mother. There were a couple of open scats, but they weren't together.（公共汽車上滿是顛簸，很快就吵起來了，因?yàn)樗暮⒆右驗(yàn)椴荒茏谀赣H旁邊而開始哭泣。有兩個(gè)空位，但他們不在一起）”可知，她很心慌，顯得很尷尬。第二段中劃線詞“flustered”意思最接近于“upset”不安的。故選D項(xiàng)。
5. 句意猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“The mom smiled as a thank-you. And then three words came out of the older woman's mouth that elevated the entire energy of that bus ride: ‘I've been there.’（這位母親微笑著表示感謝，然后這位年長的女士嘴里說了三個(gè)字，讓整個(gè)旅程充滿活力：‘我經(jīng)歷過?！笨芍@個(gè)老太太曾經(jīng)和那位母親有過類似的經(jīng)歷。故選C項(xiàng)。
6. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Can the essence of these three words help you make a small difference right now? It can be as simple as volunteering your seat, sharing some helpful advice or even lightening the mood with a joke when you notice that someone's uncomfortable — because we're all in this together（這三個(gè)詞的精髓現(xiàn)在能幫你改變一點(diǎn)嗎？這可以很簡單，就像自愿坐在你的座位上一樣。當(dāng)你發(fā)現(xiàn)有人不舒服時(shí)，分享一些有用的建議，甚至開個(gè)玩笑來緩解情緒——因?yàn)槲覀兌荚谝黄穑笨芍?，一個(gè)人確實(shí)可以通過做一些簡單的事情來改變那些需要幫助的人。故選D項(xiàng)。
7. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Can the essence of these three words help you make a small difference right now? It can be as simple as volunteering your seat, sharing some helpful advice or even lightening the mood with a joke when you notice that someone's uncomfortable — because we're all in this together.（這三個(gè)詞的精髓現(xiàn)在能幫你改變一點(diǎn)嗎？這可以很簡單，就像自愿坐在你的座位上一樣。當(dāng)你發(fā)現(xiàn)有人不舒服時(shí)，分享一些有用的建議，甚至開個(gè)玩笑來緩解情緒——因?yàn)槲覀兌荚谝黄穑笨芍?，這篇文章的目的是呼吁讀者及時(shí)幫助那些需要幫助的人。故選C項(xiàng)。
8. A????9. B????10. D????11. C
這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了哈薩克斯坦拜科努爾航天發(fā)射場發(fā)射了一項(xiàng)清理太空碎片的示范任務(wù)。這項(xiàng)名為ELSA-d的任務(wù)將展示能夠幫助捕獲太空垃圾的技術(shù)，太空垃圾是漂浮在地球上空的數(shù)百萬塊軌道碎片。文章介紹了太空垃圾的不良影響以及這一任務(wù)具體的操作過程。
8. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“The more than 8,000 metric tons of debris threaten the loss of services we rely on for Earth-bound life, including weather forecasting, telecommunications and GPS systems.（8000多公噸的碎片威脅著我們在地球上生活所依賴的服務(wù)，包括天氣預(yù)報(bào)、電信和GPS系統(tǒng)）”可知，太空垃圾有可能影響到我們的日常生活。故選A。
9. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“ELSA-d, which stands for End-of-Life Services by Astroscale, will be carried out by a ‘servicer satellite’ and a ‘client satellite’ that launched together, according to Astroscale, the Japan-based company behind the mission.（ ELSA-d，即Astroscale公司的‘生命終了服務(wù)’，將由一顆‘服務(wù)衛(wèi)星’和一顆‘客戶端衛(wèi)星’共同發(fā)射，負(fù)責(zé)這項(xiàng)任務(wù)的日本公司Astroscale稱）”可推知，ELSA-d還未實(shí)踐，只是理論上的。故選B。
10. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“The mission, which will be run from the U.K., will carry out this catch and release process repeatedly over the course of six months. The goal is to prove the servicer satellite's ability to track down and dock with its target in varying levels of complexity.（該任務(wù)將由英國負(fù)責(zé)，將在6個(gè)月的時(shí)間里反復(fù)執(zhí)行這一捕放過程。其目標(biāo)是證明服務(wù)衛(wèi)星在不同復(fù)雜程度下跟蹤和對(duì)接目標(biāo)的能力）”可知，設(shè)計(jì)宇宙飛船的目的是捕獲要發(fā)射的衛(wèi)星。故選D。
11. 主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“A demonstration mission to test an idea to clean up space debris launched Monday morning local time from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Known as ELSA-d, the mission will exhibit technology that could help capture space junk, the millions of pieces of orbital debris that float above Earth.（當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間周一上午，哈薩克斯坦拜科努爾航天發(fā)射場發(fā)射了一項(xiàng)清理太空碎片的示范任務(wù)。這項(xiàng)名為ELSA-d的任務(wù)將展示能夠幫助捕獲太空垃圾的技術(shù)，太空垃圾是漂浮在地球上空的數(shù)百萬塊軌道碎片）”以及最后一段“These efforts could prove increasingly important as private space ventures like SpaceX continue to fill low Earth orbit with a ‘mega-constellation’ of satellites.（隨著SpaceX等私人太空公司繼續(xù)在近地軌道上部署‘巨型衛(wèi)星星座’，這些努力可能會(huì)變得越來越重要）”結(jié)合文章還介紹了太空垃圾的不良影響以及這一任務(wù)具體的操作過程。可知，這篇文章主要講的是清理太空垃圾的新努力。故選C。
12. C????13. B????14. D????15. A
這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了什么是利益沖突，以及如何避免利益沖突。
12. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，DeSimone大學(xué)教員和公司股份持有者的雙重身份導(dǎo)致了巨大沖突。再結(jié)合第二段的“Conflicts of interest(COIs) occur when an individual's personal interests — family, friendships, financial, or social factors — could compromise his or her judgment, decisions, or actions in the workplace, and it makes sound career sense to think about how to manage them.（當(dāng)一個(gè)人的個(gè)人利益——家庭、友誼、經(jīng)濟(jì)或社會(huì)因素——可能會(huì)損害他或她在工作場所的判斷、決定或行動(dòng)時(shí)，利益沖突（COIs）就會(huì)發(fā)生，考慮如何管理這些利益對(duì)職業(yè)生涯來說是很有意義的）”以及下文對(duì)如何處理利益沖突的陳述推知，第一段提到DeSimone的例子是為了引出本文的話題——如何處理利益沖突。故選C。
13. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Researchers should disclose potential or existing conflicts across all aspects of academic life.（研究人員應(yīng)該揭示學(xué)術(shù)生活的各個(gè)方面潛在的或存在的沖突）”可知，為了更好的應(yīng)對(duì)利益沖突，研究人員應(yīng)報(bào)告可能存在的沖突。故選B。
14. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Even differing points of view can play a part. Scacheri, a geneticist who chairs the committee, says that members who have disagreed personally with potential speakers might also be obliged to recuse themselves: ‘If you feel like you can't be an impartial(公正的) reviewer, that is considered a COI.’（甚至不同的觀點(diǎn)也能發(fā)揮作用。Scacheri是一名遺傳學(xué)家，同時(shí)也是委員會(huì)主席。他說，那些個(gè)人與潛在演講者意見不一致的成員也可能被迫回避：‘如果你覺得自己不能成為一個(gè)公正的評(píng)審員，那就被認(rèn)為是COI?！笨芍?，Scacheri認(rèn)為個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)可能會(huì)影響評(píng)審者的決定。故選D。
15. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Perception plays a part in defining a potential conflict, warns Walt, a chemist at Tufts University. Investigators who develop a technology in the laboratory and then transfer it to their company could create a conflict of interest in the eyes of their students, Walt says. But the potential conflict can be avoided by drafting a licensing agreement that bars discoveries from automatically being transferred to the investigator's company. Walt created such an arrangement to assure his students that they weren't actually working for his private companies.（塔夫茨大學(xué)的化學(xué)家Walt警告稱，理解在定義潛在沖突中起著重要作用。沃爾特說，在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里開發(fā)出一項(xiàng)技術(shù)，然后把它轉(zhuǎn)移到他們公司的研究人員，在他們的學(xué)生看來可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生利益沖突。但通過起草一份許可協(xié)議，禁止將發(fā)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)讓給調(diào)查人員的公司，就可以避免潛在的沖突。沃爾特這樣做是為了讓他的學(xué)生相信，他們實(shí)際上并不是在為他的私人公司工作）”推知，COIs的定義可以取決于理解。故選A。
16. F????17. B????18. E????19. C????20. G
這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了為什么食物是了解文化的最佳方式。
16. 根據(jù)上文“Food plays an essential role in our lives and rightfully so: The food we eat is related to our culture.（食物在我們的生活中扮演著至關(guān)重要的角色，因此：我們吃的食物與我們的文化有關(guān)）”和下文“Here's why food is the best way to understand a culture:（以下是為什么食物是了解一種文化的最佳方式）”可知，我們吃的食物和我們的文化有關(guān)，且下文介紹了為什么食物是了解文化的最佳方式。由此可知，我們可以通過食物探索文化。F項(xiàng)“You can learn much about a particular culture by exploring their food（你可以通過探索他們的食物來了解一個(gè)特定的文化）”符合題意，承上啟下。故選F。
17. 空處為本段小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文“It doesn't matter where you're from — you have to eat. Your social culture most likely developed from the need to eat. Once they surpassed hunting and gathering, many early civilizations organized themselves in ways that promoted food distribution and production. That also meant that the animals, land and resources you were near governed what you'd consume and how you'd prepare and cook it.（你來自哪里并不重要——你必須吃東西。你的社會(huì)文化很可能是從吃的需求發(fā)展而來的。一旦他們超越了狩獵和采集，許多早期文明就以促進(jìn)食物分配和生產(chǎn)的方式組織起來。這也意味著你周圍的動(dòng)物、土地和資源決定了你吃什么，以及你如何準(zhǔn)備和烹飪）”可知，食物是必須的，無論你來自哪兒以及何種種社會(huì)形態(tài)。B項(xiàng)“Food is a universal necessity（食物是普遍的必需品）”符合本段主旨。故選B。
18. 根據(jù)上文“Ever wonder why the process to preserve meat is so different around the world?（有沒有想過為什么世界各地保存肉類的過程如此不同？）”可知，上文提出保存肉類過程為什么不同的問題。由此推知，空處應(yīng)對(duì)該問題做出回答。E項(xiàng)“It has to do with local resources, needs, and climates（這與當(dāng)?shù)氐馁Y源、需求和氣候有關(guān)）”符合題意，對(duì)上文問題進(jìn)行回答。故選E。
19. 空處位于段末，應(yīng)承接上文。根據(jù)上文“India's cuisine is extremely varied from region to region, with meat and wheat heavy dishes in the far north, to spectacular fish delicacies in the east, to rice-based vegetarian diets in the south.（印度的烹飪因地區(qū)而異，在遙遠(yuǎn)的北方以肉和小麥為主，在東部以美味的魚類為主，在南部則以米飯為主的素食）”可是，上文陳述了印度南、北、東部烹飪的特點(diǎn)。由此推知，下文應(yīng)陳述印度西部的烹飪或飲食特點(diǎn)。C項(xiàng)“And the western part is home to strict vegetarians（而西部則是嚴(yán)格素食主義者的家園）”符合題意。故選C。
20. 根據(jù)下文“A food tourist won't just focus on having a pint at Oktoberfest, but will be interested in learning the German beer making process, and possibly how they can make their own fresh beer.（美食游客不會(huì)只關(guān)注在啤酒節(jié)上喝上一品脫，他們還會(huì)對(duì)了解德國啤酒的制作過程感興趣，可能還會(huì)對(duì)他們?nèi)绾沃谱髯约旱男迈r啤酒感興趣）”可知，美食游客不僅對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)孛朗掣信d趣，還對(duì)美食的制作，以及自己如何制作當(dāng)?shù)孛朗掣信d趣。由此可知，美食游客把食物和文化的聯(lián)系提到的一個(gè)新的高度。G項(xiàng)“Some people have taken the combination of food and culture to a new level（有些人把食物和文化的結(jié)合提升到了一個(gè)新的高度）”符合題意。故選G。

21. C????22. B????23. A????24. C????25. D????26. D????27. A????28. B????29. C????30. D????31. B????32. A????33. B????34. D????35. D????36. C????37. A????38. C????39. B????40. A
這是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過自己的切身經(jīng)歷告訴我們生活中要有勇氣，要直面生活中的恐懼，并找到勇氣戰(zhàn)勝它，這樣生活會(huì)十分精彩。
21. 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有勇氣，我們永遠(yuǎn)無法踏入未知的世界。A. unimportant不重要的；B. unfair不公平的；C. unknown未知的；D. undesirable不受歡迎的；不想要的。由上文“And without courage, we'll never step into the”和下文講到作者探險(xiǎn)的經(jīng)歷可知，此處指沒有勇氣，我們將無法踏入未知的世界，the unknown意為“未知世界”，故選C。
22. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：兩者之間的平衡是魔力所在，這是我們每天都要面對(duì)的平衡。A. intention意圖；B. magic魔力；C. outcome結(jié)果；D. option選擇。由上文“Courage involves the balance between fear and bravery. Without fear, we'll do foolish things. And without courage, we'll never step into the”和下文“and it's a balance we all deal with every day.”可知，恐懼和勇敢之間的平衡——勇氣，這是魔力所在，這是我們每天都要面對(duì)的。故選B。
23. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我第一次被確診的時(shí)候，這是一個(gè)可怕的消息，因?yàn)槲覜]有慢性疾病或殘疾的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。A. experience經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)驗(yàn)；B. direction方向；C. relationship關(guān)系；D. mood心境。由下文“with chronic(慢性的) illness or disabilities.”可知，作者沒有慢性疾病或殘疾的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，所以當(dāng)作者第一次被確診的時(shí)候，他感覺這是一個(gè)可怕的消息，故選A。
24. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我不知道疾病會(huì)如何進(jìn)展。A. emerge出現(xiàn)；B. adapt適應(yīng)；C. progress進(jìn)展；D. extend延伸。由上文“It was frightening news when I was first diagnosed because I had no _____3_____ with chronic(慢性的) illness or disabilities. And I had no idea how the disease might”可知，作者沒有慢性疾病或殘疾的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，所以不知道疾病會(huì)如何進(jìn)展，故選C。
25. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是我繼續(xù)在世界各地工作追求我的夢想。A. present呈現(xiàn)；B. purchase購買；C. interpret解釋；口譯；D. pursue追求。由下文“my dream”可知，此處指追求夢想，故選D。
26. 考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管病情嚴(yán)重惡化，我需要腿部支架和助行器來行走，但我仍然渴望冒險(xiǎn)。A. flexibly靈活地；B. mildly溫和地；C. evenly平均地；D. significantly顯著地。由下文“I needed leg braces(支架) and a walker”可知，作者需要腿部支架和助行器來行走，這說明作者的病情顯著惡化，故選D。
27. 考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：盡管病情嚴(yán)重惡化，我需要腿部支架和助行器來行走，但我仍然渴望冒險(xiǎn)。A. get around到處走走；B. go over克服；C. come along出現(xiàn)；一起來；D. hold on等一下。由上文“I needed leg braces(支架) and a walker to”可知，作者病情嚴(yán)重惡化，需要腿部支架和助行器來幫助他行走，故選A。
28. 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這一次，我開始?jí)粝胍淮未笮偷膽敉饷半U(xiǎn)。A. random隨機(jī)的；B. grand宏偉的；大的；C. romantic浪漫的；D. historical歷史的。由下文“Sitting eight feet above the ground, riding a horse, I got the impression of the Grand Canyon”可知，作者在離地8英尺高的地方，騎著馬，這說明這是一次大型的戶外冒險(xiǎn)活動(dòng)，故選B。
29. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：坐在離地8英尺高的地方，騎著一匹馬，我得到了一種大峽谷的印象——震驚和恐懼。A. regret后悔；B. disgust厭惡；C. shock震驚；D. embarrassment尷尬。由上文“I got the impression of the Grand Canyon”可知，作者在離地8英尺高的地方，騎著一匹馬，就像在大峽谷一樣，感到震驚和恐懼，故選C。
30. 考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：但是沒有放棄。A. settling down定居；B. turning down拒絕；C. trying out嘗試；D. giving up放棄。由上文“terror”和but可知，雖然作者害怕但是沒有放棄，故選D。
31. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我在走下一個(gè)特大號(hào)的臺(tái)階時(shí)，被向前一甩，臉撞在馬的后腦勺上。A. knocked敲擊；B. thrown扔；拋；C. stuck擊打；D. hurried趕快。由下文“forward and hit my face on the back of the horse's head.”可知，作者在騎馬下臺(tái)階時(shí)，被向前一甩，臉撞在馬的后腦勺上，故選B。
32. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我感到恐慌。A. panic恐慌；B. stress壓力；C. relaxation放松；D. silence沉默。由上文“I was ____11____ forward and hit my face on the back of the horse's head.”可知，作者被向前一甩，臉撞在馬的后腦勺上，這讓他感到恐慌，故選A。
33. 考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：我的頭疼得厲害，但是小路太窄，我下不了馬。A. fall off跌落；B. get off從……下來；C. take off脫下；D. cut off中斷。由上文“the path was too narrow for me to”可知，小路太窄，作者下不了馬，故選B。
34. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這次探險(xiǎn)，所有的計(jì)劃以及這次旅行本身讓我感受到了前所未有的恐懼。A. spectacle精彩的表演；B. horizon地平線；C. magnificence壯麗；宏偉；D. expedition遠(yuǎn)征；探險(xiǎn)。由第二段中“outdoor adventure”可知，作者騎馬，這是一次探險(xiǎn)活動(dòng)，故選D。
35. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這次探險(xiǎn)，所有的計(jì)劃以及這次旅行本身讓我感受到了前所未有的恐懼。A. delight高興；B. calmness平靜；C. persistence堅(jiān)持；D. fear害怕。由下文“In facing my fears”和上段提到的作者因?yàn)轵T馬時(shí)被向前一甩，臉撞到馬的后腦勺，這讓作者感到恐慌可知，作者的這次騎馬探險(xiǎn)活動(dòng)使他感到前所未有的恐懼，故選D。
36. 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但更重要的是，它向我展示了我有多么勇敢。A. peaceful平靜的；B. attracted被吸引的；C. courageous勇敢的；D. smart聰明的。由上文“But more importantly, it showed me how boldly”和下文“In facing my fears and finding the courage to”可知，雖然作者騎馬時(shí)被向前一甩，臉撞到馬的后腦勺，這讓作者感到恐慌，但是通過這件事，作者知道了自己有多么勇敢，故選C。
37. 考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：面對(duì)我的恐懼，找到勇氣去克服它們，我發(fā)誓我的生活是非凡的。A. push through完成；挺過；排除困難辦好某事；B. get away with僥幸成功；C. put out撲滅；D. hold back抑制。由上文“In facing my fears and finding the courage to”可知，作者在面對(duì)恐懼時(shí)，找到勇氣挺過困難，故選A。
38. 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：面對(duì)我的恐懼，找到勇氣去克服它們，我發(fā)誓我的生活是非凡的。A. grave嚴(yán)峻的；B. busy繁忙的；C. extraordinary卓越的；不凡的；D. happy高興的。由上文“In facing my fears and finding the courage to ____17____ them, I swear my life has been”可知，作者克服了恐懼，所以生活是不平凡的，故選C。
39. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：所以要活得精彩，讓你的勇氣戰(zhàn)勝你的恐懼。A. outline概括；B. overweigh比……更重；勝過；C. overlook忽視；D. outnumber比……多。由上下文“So live big and try to let your courage ____19____ your fear”可知，面對(duì)恐懼時(shí)，要讓勇氣勝過恐懼，即要克服它，故選B。
40. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：你永遠(yuǎn)不知道它會(huì)把你帶到哪里。A. take帶去；B. bring帶來；C. keep保持；D. guard守衛(wèi)。由上文“You never know where it might”可知，要讓勇氣戰(zhàn)勝你的恐懼，因?yàn)槟阌肋h(yuǎn)不知道勇氣會(huì)把你帶到哪里，即會(huì)帶你實(shí)現(xiàn)什么，故選A。

41. sitting????42. that????43. to????44. better????45. written????46. them????47. an????48. generally????49. response????50. are
本文是一篇說明文。文章分析了朗讀的作用和意義。
41. 考查狀語從句的省略。句意：然而，今天，我們大多數(shù)人都像坐在圖書館里一樣，把單詞裝在腦海里。根據(jù)句意和空格前的as if分析句子可知，此處是考查狀語從句的省略，該從句完整的形式是as if we are sitting in a library，符合狀語從句省略的條件，可以把從句的主語和be動(dòng)詞省略。故填sitting。
42. 考查連詞。句意：最近的研究提供了足夠的證據(jù)表明，大聲朗讀這門古老的藝術(shù)有很多好處，從幫助改善我們的記憶力到加強(qiáng)人與人之間的情感聯(lián)系。根據(jù)句意分析句子可知，空格后的部分是一個(gè)同位語從句，對(duì)前面的名詞evidence的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行解釋說明，因后面的從句是一個(gè)完整的句子，不缺任何成分，所以空格處應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)連詞，且沒有意義。故填that。
43. 考查介詞。句意：最近的研究提供了足夠的證據(jù)表明，大聲朗讀這門古老的藝術(shù)有很多好處，從幫助改善我們的記憶力到加強(qiáng)人與人之間的情感聯(lián)系。根據(jù)句意和句中的介詞from可知，空格處應(yīng)該填入介詞to和from搭配：from … to…（從……到……）。故填to。
44. 考查副詞比較級(jí)。句意：根據(jù)一項(xiàng)關(guān)于閱讀對(duì)記憶影響的研究，大聲朗讀比默讀能更好地記住單詞和文本。根據(jù)句意和所給副詞well以及句中的than可知，空格處應(yīng)該填入well的比較級(jí)better。故填better。
45. 考查形容詞。句意：這種現(xiàn)象被命名為“生產(chǎn)效應(yīng)”，這意味著產(chǎn)生書面文字——即大聲讀出來——可以提高我們對(duì)它們的記憶。根據(jù)句意和所給動(dòng)詞write以及空格后的名詞words分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)形容詞作定語修飾后面的名詞words，且意義為“書面的”。故填written。
46. 考查代詞。句意：即使只是默念這些單詞也能讓人更容易記住。根據(jù)句意和所給單詞they分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)代詞代替前面的名詞words作動(dòng)詞make的賓語。故填them。
47. 考查冠詞。句意：人們能更好地記住口語的一個(gè)原因是它為我們的記憶提供了額外的基礎(chǔ)。根據(jù)句意和空格后的可數(shù)名詞basis可知，空格處應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)不定冠詞，因?yàn)榭崭窈蟮膯卧~additional發(fā)音是元音音素開頭，所以應(yīng)該用an。故填an。
48. 考查副詞。句意：我們通常更擅長回憶那些需要積極參與的事件。根據(jù)句意和所給形容詞general分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)副詞作狀語，且意義為“通?！?。故填generally。
49. 考查名詞。句意：例如，用一個(gè)詞來回答一個(gè)問題會(huì)更容易記住。根據(jù)句意和所給動(dòng)詞respond以及空格前后的介詞分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)該填入respond的名詞形式response和前后的介詞構(gòu)成短語in response to（回答）。故填response。
50. 考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：當(dāng)我們與他人的互動(dòng)和獲取的大量信息都太短暫時(shí)，也許花更多的時(shí)間大聲朗讀是值得的。根據(jù)句意和所給單詞be分析句子可知，空格處是when引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語部分，因?yàn)樵搹木涞闹髡Z是our interactions with others and the large amount of information，所以be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式；根據(jù)后面主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可知，when引導(dǎo)的從句也應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填are。

1. 去掉last前的介詞on
2. will→would
3. citizen→citizens
4. for→to
5. sincerely→sincere
6. which→who/that
7. late→later
8. 在end前加an
9. inspire→inspiring
10. our→their
本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了上周五在學(xué)校操場上為高三學(xué)生舉行的成人禮以及活動(dòng)的意義。
1. 考查介詞。句意：為了增強(qiáng)學(xué)生的責(zé)任意識(shí)，上周五在學(xué)校操場上舉行了一場成人禮。last，next構(gòu)成的時(shí)間短語前一般不用介詞。故將last前的on去掉。
2. 考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：首先，高三的學(xué)生們立下誓言，他們將盡最大努力成為合格的公民。根據(jù)句意和前面主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)可知，that從句的時(shí)態(tài)也應(yīng)該用過去時(shí)。故將will改為would。
3. 考查可數(shù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。句意：首先，高三的學(xué)生們立下誓言，他們將盡最大努力成為合格的公民。因?yàn)閏itizen是可數(shù)名詞，此處是指學(xué)生們成為合格的公民，所以應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)。故將citizen改為citizens。
4. 考查介詞。句意：他們發(fā)誓要獻(xiàn)身社會(huì)。根據(jù)句意和句中的動(dòng)詞commit可知，此處是考查commit和介詞to的搭配：commit oneself to（致力于）。故將for改為to。
5. 考查形容詞。句意：然后，他們表達(dá)了對(duì)父母千辛萬苦的感激之情。根據(jù)句意和句中的名詞gratitude分析句子可知，gratitude前應(yīng)該用一個(gè)形容詞作定語。故將sincerely改為sincere。
6. 考查定語從句。句意：然后，他們表達(dá)了對(duì)父母千辛萬苦的感激之情。根據(jù)句意分析句子可知，parents后面是一個(gè)定語從句，對(duì)先行詞parents進(jìn)行限定說明，所以從句的關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)該用that或who代替parents在從句中作主語。故將which改為that或who。
7. 考查副詞。句意：兩個(gè)小時(shí)后，儀式在精彩的表演中結(jié)束。根據(jù)句意可知，表示“多久之后””應(yīng)該用副詞later。故將late改為later。
8. 考查冠詞。句意：兩個(gè)小時(shí)后，儀式在精彩的表演中結(jié)束。固定短語put … to an end（結(jié)束……）。故在end前加an。
9. 考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：這次活動(dòng)讓所有參與者受益，激勵(lì)他們充分發(fā)揮自己的潛力，實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢想，為家庭和社會(huì)承擔(dān)責(zé)任。根據(jù)句意分析句子可知，該句子的謂語動(dòng)詞是benefited，所以動(dòng)詞inspire只能用非謂語形式作狀語，因?yàn)榫渥拥闹髡Zthis activity和inspire之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故將inspire改為inspiring。
10. 考查代詞。句意：這次活動(dòng)讓所有參與者受益，激勵(lì)他們充分發(fā)揮自己的潛力，實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢想，為家庭和社會(huì)承擔(dān)責(zé)任。根據(jù)句意和句中的代詞them和their可知，families前的形容詞性物主代詞也應(yīng)該用their，和前面的代詞保持一致。故將our改為their。
Dear Forbes,
It is amazing for me to know that you show great preference for Tai Chi and are willing to learn it soon. I' m quite sure that I can give you a hand gladly.
Tai Chi is not only an ancient martial art, but has also been widely acknowledged as an effective health exercise. Famous for its graceful and well-balanced movements, Tai Chi provides the mental relaxation and physical fitness that are so essential in our modern stressful lives. Concerning your learning location and instructor, I'm so proud to tell you that I have the ability to recommend the best school and best trainer in our city to you, for actually my uncle is a master of Tai Chi who is always invited to instruct others all over the country. As a result, you can rely on me.
Looking forward to your coming!
Yours,
Li Hua
本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文，要求寫一封回信，告知Forbes學(xué)太極相關(guān)的情況。
第一步：
審題：回信告知Frobes學(xué)太極相關(guān)的情況
人稱：第三人稱
時(shí)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
結(jié)構(gòu)：總分法，分三部分，第一部分表示愿意幫助Forbes，第二部分說明學(xué)太極的好處和負(fù)責(zé)聯(lián)系學(xué)習(xí)地點(diǎn)和老師，第三部分期望Forbes的到來。
要點(diǎn)：
1. 表示愿意幫助Forbes
2. 學(xué)太極的好處：是一種有效的健身運(yùn)動(dòng)、動(dòng)作優(yōu)雅、讓人放松
聯(lián)系學(xué)習(xí)地點(diǎn)和老師：會(huì)介紹最好的太極學(xué)校和老師
3. 期待Forbes的到來
第二步：列提綱（重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語）
show great preference for；be willing to；give sb. a hand；an ancient martial art；be widely acknowledged；be famous for provides；mental relaxation；physical fitness；essential；instructor；recommend；trainer；introduce … to；invite
第三步：連詞成句
(1) You show great preference for Tai Chi.
(2) I can give you a hand gladly.
(3) Tai Chi is an ancient martial art.
(4) Tai Chi has been widely acknowledged as an effective health exercise.
(5) Tai Chi is famous for its graceful and well-balanced movements.
(6) Tai Chi provides the mental relaxation and physical fitness.
(7 ) I recommend the best school and best trainer in our city to you.
(8) My uncle is a master of Tai Chi.
(9) My uncle is always invited to instruct others all over the country.

根據(jù)提示和關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行遣詞造句，適當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用句型，注意時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致問題。
第四步：連句成篇（銜接詞、亮點(diǎn)詞匯）
用not only … but also 連接下面的兩個(gè)句子
(3) Tai Chi is an ancient martial art.
(4) Tai Chi has been widely acknowledged as an effective health exercise.
→Tai Chi is not only is an ancient martial art but also has been widely acknowledged as an effective health exercise.
用形容詞短語作狀語連接下面兩個(gè)句子
(5) Tai Chi is famous for its graceful and well-balanced movements.
(6) Tai Chi provides the mental relaxation and physical fitness.
→Famous for its graceful and well-balanced movements, Tai Chi provides the mental relaxation and physical fitness.
用定語從句連接下面的兩個(gè)句子
(8) My uncle is a master of Tai Chi.
(9) My uncle is always invited to instruct others all over the country.
→(8) My uncle is a master of Tai Chi who is always invited to instruct others all over the country.
適當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用高級(jí)詞匯、復(fù)雜句式提升文章的檔次，增加文章的可讀性。
范文要點(diǎn)全面，結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，層次分明，上下文連貫，在表達(dá)時(shí)用到了很多高級(jí)詞匯，如show great preference for；be willing to；give sb. a hand；an ancient martial art；be widely acknowledged；be famous for；provides；mental relaxation；physical fitness；essential；instructor；recommend；introduce … to；invite等；復(fù)雜句式的運(yùn)用提升了文章層次，如it作形式主語的運(yùn)用It is amazing for me to know that you show great preference for Tai Chi and are willing to learn it soon；用并列連詞not only … but also連接的句子Tai Chi is not only an ancient martial art, but has also been widely acknowledged as an effective health exercise；定語從句的運(yùn)用my uncle is a master of Tai Chi who is always invited to instruct others all over the country等。

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