外研版（2019）高考英語一輪復習課時練習34 ：選擇性必修3 Unit 4　A glimpse of the future （含解析）-試卷下載-教習網

www.ks5u.com課時質量評價(三十四)選擇性必修第三冊　Unit 4　A glimpse of the futureA組·基礎鞏固Ⅰ. 語法填空A(2021·湘贛十四校聯(lián)考)Close to 70 percent of the world's population will live in cities by the year 2050. Experts warn that population 1. ________ (grow) will worsen housing crises in some areas. Large cities around the world already struggle with housing problems. In some neighbourhoods, rising house prices have forced 2. ________ very poor away from their homes. Many poor people now live in shelters or on the streets.People 3. ________ (move) to large cities now not just for high-paying jobs. Many are also looking for the chance to live and work with other people, career advancement and access to much 4. ________(good) resources. Some countries have built new capital cities 5. ________ (help) ease(緩解) overcrowding. These efforts help, but do not solve the problem. The report says that by 2030, the world will have had 43 very large 6. ________ (city), each with more than 10 million people. Tjada McKenna, 7. ________ is chief operating officer for an aid group, says that the ability to own a home in many countries is often difficult, 8. ________ (especial) for women and minority groups. Every city is different in 9. ________ (deal) with development problems. Each one has its own economic forces at work and its own history. Experts say that answers 10. ________ the housing crisis and other problems must be developed city by city.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。到21世紀中葉，更多的人可能會居住在城市。專家警告說，這種人口增長將會加劇某些地區(qū)的住房危機。1. growth　考查名詞。分析句子結構可知，空處作句子主語，因此應用名詞形式，grow的名詞為growth。故填growth。2. the　考查冠詞。此處指“窮人”，可用the＋adj.指代一類人。故填the。3. are moving　考查動詞的時態(tài)。分析句子結構可知，此處是句子的謂語動詞，根據(jù)now判斷為現(xiàn)在進行時，主語People是復數(shù)。故填are moving。4. better　考查形容詞的比較級。句中resources是名詞，應用形容詞修飾，再根據(jù)much判斷此處用比較級。故填better。5. to help　考查動詞不定式。分析句子結構可知，此處用非謂語動詞，再聯(lián)系句意，此處表目的，故用不定式。故填to help。6. cities　考查名詞的單復數(shù)。句中city是可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)空格之前的43可知此處用復數(shù)形式。故填cities。7. who　考查定語從句的關系詞。分析句子結構可知，此處是非限制性定語從句，從句缺少主語，故用關系代詞，先行詞Tjada McKenna指人，故用關系代詞who。故填who。8. especially　考查副詞。提示詞修飾介詞短語“for women and minority groups”，故用副詞形式。故填especially。9. dealing　考查動名詞。句中in為介詞，其后接動名詞作賓語。故填dealing。10. to　考查固定搭配。根據(jù)固定搭配answer to the question/problem(問題的答案)可知，此處用介詞to。故填to。BThe Beijing Daxing International Airport (BDIA) was 1. ________ (formal) opened on Sept. 25, 2019. Located around 46km south of Tian'anmen Square, it was designed by famed architect Zaha Hadid. BDIA was listed 2. ________ the first of the “seven wonders of the modern world near completion” by The Guardian in 2015.The new airport complex, consisting of a main terminal, a supporting service building and a parking lot, 3. ________ (cover) an area of about 1.4 million square metres. The starfish design is extremely space efficient, with 4. ________ journey of just 600 metres from security to the furthest gate. 5. ________ could be the most expected innovation at BDIA is its artificial intelligence. The airport 6. ________ (set) up more than 400 self-service check-in machines already, which can 7. ________ (short) passengers' waiting time to about 10 minutes. Travellers can be scanned on cameras 8. ________ (use) facial recognition. Counters can be fully automated to capture (抓拍) face photos and relay 9. ________ (they) during each part of the journey through the airport, including security and the departure gate.The Daxing Airport — said to be the world's largest terminal in a single building — is expected 10. ________ (receive) a large amount of 170 million passengers by 2025. It will become a new transport hub for the greater Beijing region.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了北京大興國際機場的相關信息。1. formally　考查副詞。根據(jù)后面的動詞“opened”可知，此處應用副詞修飾動詞opened。故填formally。2. as　考查介詞。be listed as是固定短語，意為“被列為，被記錄”。故填as。3. covers　考查主謂一致。分析句子結構可知，前面有非謂語動詞consisting，該句缺少謂語動詞，且主語“The new airport complex”是單數(shù)，所以此處應用covers。故填covers。4. a　考查冠詞。分析句子結構可知，此處泛指“一次行程”，且journey以輔音音素開頭，所以用不定冠詞a。故填a。5. What　考查主語從句。分析句子結構可知，該句中謂語動詞is前面的是主語，所以空處引導主語從句，且在從句中作主語，應用what引導。故填What。6. has set　考查動詞的時態(tài)。already是現(xiàn)在完成時的標志性詞，表明某件事情已經完成，所以此處應用現(xiàn)在完成時。故填has set。7. shorten　考查動詞。助動詞can后接動詞原形，所以此處應用動詞形式shorten。故填shorten。8. using　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，此處應用非謂語動詞，動詞use與其邏輯主語travellers之間是主動關系，應用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填using。9. them　考查代詞。動詞relay后接代詞的賓格形式，所以此處用them。故填them。10. to receive　考查動詞不定式。expect to do sth.是固定搭配，意為“期望做某事”。故填to receive。Ⅱ. 根據(jù)提示補全句子1. 盡管她是個女孩子，卻喜歡和男孩子一起玩。(though引導的讓步狀語從句)Girl though she is, she likes to play with boys.2. 越來越多的孩子讓手機控制了他們的生活，這令人擔憂。(get＋賓語＋賓補)More and more children get their life controlled by phones, which is worrying.3. 盡管他很不情愿，但他別無選擇只能走回家。(while引導的讓步狀語從句)While he was unwilling, he had no choice but to walk home.4. 多虧了人工智能，我可以有更多的時間陪孩子。(thanks to...)Thanks to artificial intelligence, I can have more time to accompany my child.5. 說的和做的要一致。(consistent)Actions must be consistent with words.B組·能力提升Ⅰ. 閱讀理解We have heard some interesting ways that 5G wireless technology might change our lives in the future.5G, short for the 5th generation mobile communication technology, promises Internet speeds between 50 and 100 times faster than current 4G systems. While 5G is set to be used in some limited areas of America this year, much of the world is not expected to receive widely available service until 2023.One project in Britain, however, is already testing this superfast technology on an unlikely group of Internet users－cows. The project was developed by American technology company Cisco Systems. It also receives money from the British government. Cisco says the programme seeks to explore the future of 5G connectivity in rural areas around the world.Testing areas were set up at farms in three rural areas of England. The cows are equipped with 5G-connected devices (裝置) that link up to a robotic milking system, which uses sensors and machine learning to fully automate the process. System designers say technology takes over after a cow feels ready to be milked and walks towards an automatic gate. The device is designed to recognise each individual cow. It then positions equipment to the right body position for milking. During the process, machines release food for the cow as a reward.Other 5G technology tools include automated brushes that turn on when the cow rubs up against them. Sensors also control the amount of light to the cows' living areas depending on the weather. And, an automatic feeding system makes sure the animals always get enough to eat.Duncan Forbes, head of the project, told Reuters that the project shows the farm's cow operations can be greatly improved with 5G technology and that the experiment provides strong evidence that 5G technology can be widely used in the future, not just on farms in Britain, but in rural communities across the world.1. What is the purpose of Cisco Systems' programme?A. To win financial support from the British government.B. To test the effects of 5G technology on animals.C. To promote its technological development in Britain.D. To expand the future use of 5G in rural communities.2. What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. The project. B. The company. C. The technology. D. The group.3. What can we learn about 5G according to the text?A. It is no worse than 4G in terms of speed.B. It is already widely available in the world.C. It enables cows to control their own milking.D. It is based on sensors and machine learning.4. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?A. Entertainment. B. Lifestyle. C. Education. D. Technology.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。美國思科公司在一個項目中將5G技術應用于奶牛身上來實現(xiàn)擠奶的自動化。1. D　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Cisco says the programme seeks to explore the future of 5G connectivity in rural areas around the world.”可知，該項目旨在探索全球農村地區(qū)5G連接的未來。也就是該項目是為了擴大未來5G在農村地區(qū)的使用。故選D。2. A　代詞指代題。根據(jù)第三段中的“The project was developed by American technology company Cisco Systems. It also receives money from the British government.”可知，這里的“it”指的就是上文中的“The project”，故選A。3. C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“The cows are equipped with 5G-connected devices (裝置) that link up to a robotic milking system... the right body position for milking. During the process, machines release food for the cow as a reward.”可判斷出5G可以通過連接裝置讓奶牛自己控制擠奶。故選C。4. D　文章出處題。本文主要講的是將5G技術應用于奶牛身上，實現(xiàn)擠奶的自動化，由此推斷這篇文章屬于科學技術板塊。故選D。Ⅱ. 閱讀七選五Why Is Sorting Important When Recycling?We all agree that we should recycle more at home, in the office or when out and about. 1 Consequently, they can be collected and taken to the right place for recycling. This is what the process of sorting allows us to do. 2 And the effective sorting needs to happen first, in our own home and second, in sorting plants to which waste is collected. When you put a plastic bottle in the right recycling bag or bin, you are helping sort recyclables so that the right material can be fed into the right recycling process. If sorting does not happen, a lot of recyclable materials can end up in landfills. It will lead to valuable resources lost from our economy. 3 For instance, in Brussels, consumers put plastic packaging, cans and beverage cartons in blue bags designed for recyclable packaging; paper in yellow bags for recycling; and glass needs to be taken to specific collection bins. Somewhat differently, in Vienna (Austria), citizens can expect their paper, metal, glass and plastic to be separately collected in different weeks of the year. 4 ．Once recyclable materials are collected from your home, they are further sorted in specialised facilities which ensure the quality of the recycling process. 5 Traditionally, sorting has been done either manually with workers sorting what can be recycled and picking out the materials to be discarded or mechanically. Today, however, new sorting technologies are being developed in order to speed up the process of sorting but also to cause better results. Exciting technologies using magnets or optical systems are being used to effectively sort materials so more of it can be recycled.A. For effective recycling we need effective sorting.B. Packaging at work is the first step towards recycling.C. This is where different sorting techniques come into play.D. So citizens need to be aware of their local collection system.E. Collection systems can be very different from country to country.F. The rest was landfilled or burned even though they could have been recycled or reused.G. But for materials to be recycled, they first need to find their way to the right waste stream.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了在環(huán)保方面垃圾回收分類的重要性及如何具體分類。1. G　根據(jù)上文“We all agree that we should recycle more at home, in the office or when out and about.”及下文“Consequently, they can be collected and taken to the right place for recycling.”可知，我們都贊同多回收垃圾，但是要回收材料，首先需要找到正確的廢物來源。故選G。2. A　根據(jù)下文“And the effective sorting needs to happen first, in our own home and second, in sorting plants to which waste is collected.”可知，本段在講述垃圾如何分類。故選A。3. E　根據(jù)下文“For instance, in Brussels, consumers put plastic packaging, cans and beverage cartons in blue bags designed for recyclable packaging; paper in yellow bags for recycling; and glass needs to be taken to specific collection bins.”可知，此處列舉了布魯塞爾、維也納等地的不同收集方法，也就是說不同國家的收集系統(tǒng)可能非常不同。故選E。4. D　根據(jù)上文“Somewhat differently, in Vienna (Austria), citizens can expect their paper, metal, glass and plastic to be separately collected in different weeks of the year.”可知，不同國家的收集系統(tǒng)可能非常不同，因此人們需要了解自己當?shù)氐氖占到y(tǒng)。故選D。5. C　根據(jù)上文“Once recyclable materials are collected from your home, they are further sorted in specialised facilities which ensure the quality of the recycling process.”及下文“Traditionally, sorting has been done either manually with workers sorting what can be recycled and picking out the materials to be discarded or mechanically.”可知，在專門的設施里，不同分類技術發(fā)揮各自的作用。故選C。Ⅲ. 完形填空The victims were carried in one by one, their paws and fur burned, suffering from dehydration (脫水) and fear. Their caretakers 1 their wounds, and 2 them in baskets with the only thing that was 3 — the leaves of eucalyptus (桉樹) tree. As miserable fires have 4 more than 2 million acres in Australia, only dozens of koalas have been 5 from the smoky trees and 6 ground.Koalas, unlike kangaroos, birds or snakes, do not 7 from fires but instead climb trees to the top, where they can curl themselves into a ball for 8 and wait for the danger to 9 ．But during big fires such as those that have burned in recent weeks, the animals are far less likely to 10 . Even if the fire itself does not reach the tree 11 ， the animals may overheat and fall to the ground, where they can be burned to death.The tough situation of the koala has raised 12 among scientists and conservationists (環(huán)保主義者). While koalas have developed to exist alongside the wildfires, they are facing new 13 ， not just from climate change but also from human development, which has dislocated (擾亂) koalas' populations, 14 their ability to survive fires.We have these 15 animals not found anywhere else on this planet, and we are killing them. This is a big wake-up call.1. A. touched B. treated C. ignored D. discovered2. A. threw B. locked C. laid D. forced3. A. familiar B. plentiful C. beautiful D. expensive4. A. reached B. left C. burned D. trapped5. A. killed B. recognised C. hurt D. rescued6. A. flat B. black C. broad D. safe7. A. escape B. die C. suffer D. rise8. A. balance B. protection C. challenge D. comfort9. A. attack B. come C. pass D. avoid10. A. jump B. climb C. fall D. survive11. A. top B. leaves C. trunk D. root12. A. passion B. concern C. fear D. interest13. A. chances B. choices C. neighbours D. threats14. A. weakening B. developing C. enriching D. ensuring15. A. lonely B. stupid C. lazy D. unique【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。澳大利亞的森林大火持續(xù)蔓延，造成許多動物受傷，其中考拉傷亡嚴重，這次火災警示世人要保護動物。1. B　根據(jù)上文可知它們被火燒傷了，根據(jù)關鍵詞“caretakers”可知是對傷口進行治療。故選B。2. C　它們受傷了，醫(yī)護人員治療后會小心地把它們放入籃子里。故選C。3. A　根據(jù)下文可知這些受傷的動物是考拉，故它們對桉樹的葉子是熟悉的。故選A。4. C　句意：由于可怕的火災在澳大利亞已經燃燒超過兩百萬英畝的區(qū)域，只有幾十只考拉，從煙霧彌漫的樹木中和燒焦的土地上，得以營救。根據(jù)“miserable fires”可知是燃燒。故選C。5. D　根據(jù)上文護理人員救治考拉可知，是考拉從大火中被營救。故選D。6. B　根據(jù)上文可知，火災十分嚴重，樹林煙霧彌漫，大地被燒焦，因此地面是黑色的。故選B。7. A　句意：考拉，與袋鼠、鳥類或者蛇不同，它們不會從火中逃脫，而是爬到樹頂，在那兒，它們蜷縮成一團以保護自己，然后等待危險過去。由下文可知，考拉爬到樹頂保護自己，因此說它們不像袋鼠、鳥類或者蛇那樣能從火災中逃脫。故選A。8. B　在大火中，它們爬上樹頂，蜷縮成一團是為了保護自己。故選B。9. C　由上文可知，考拉爬到樹頂?shù)却ｋU過去。故選C。10. D　根據(jù)下文可知，即使火沒有燒到樹頂，動物們也會因為過熱掉落到地上被燒死，所以很難存活。故選D。11. A　根據(jù)上文可知，考拉是爬到樹頂躲避大火。故選A。12. B　考拉遭遇了火災，科學家和環(huán)保主義者應該是擔憂的。故選B。13. D　上文提到的野火對考拉來說是生存的威脅，由此可知下文提到氣候變化、人類發(fā)展是它們面對的新的威脅。故選D。14. A　根據(jù)上文可知，人類的發(fā)展是考拉面臨的新的威脅，帶來的是不好的影響，因此是削弱了考拉的生存能力。故選A。15. D　根據(jù)下文“not found anywhere else on this planet”可知是獨一無二的。故選D。

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