外研版（2019）高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)練習(xí)33 ：選擇性必修3 Unit 3　War and peace （含解析）-試卷下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

www.ks5u.com課時(shí)質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)(三十三)選擇性必修第三冊(cè)　Unit 3　War and peaceA組·基礎(chǔ)鞏固Ⅰ. 語法填空AThe story tells of a woman who during the war went to live with her husband in camp on the Mojave Desert. She 1. ________ (simple) hated the place. The heat was almost 2. ________ (bearable), 125 degrees in the shade. The wind 3. ________ (blow) continually, and there was sand everywhere. At the beginning, she just tolerated it and expected to leave as early as possible.Finally, in desperation she wrote to her parents in Ohio that she couldn't stand 4. ________ (live) there for another minute and was coming home.Quickly came the reply by airmail from her father — just the two familiar lines: “Two men looked out from prison bars... one man saw the mud, while 5. ________ other man saw stars.”The daughter did some real thinking, not only with the intelligence but also with her heart. She decided 6. ________ (stick) to her post.Making 7. ________ (friend) with the natives, she learned to love the country, and eventually wrote a book 8. ________ was based on her experiences in the country.The desert didn't change, 9. ________ her attitude changed. Because she listened with her heart 10. ________ the words her father sent, a whole new world opened up to her.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間一個(gè)女人和她的丈夫一起住在莫哈韋沙漠的營地里的故事。1. simply　考查副詞。設(shè)空處修飾動(dòng)詞hated，應(yīng)用副詞形式，所以填simply。2. unbearable　考查形容詞。根據(jù)上文句子中的“hated the place”和后面的“125 degrees”可知，這里的溫度令人難以忍受。設(shè)空處作be動(dòng)詞后的表語，用形容詞，所以填unbearable。3. blew　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)上下文的語境可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，所以填blew。4. living　考查固定搭配。can't/couldn't stand doing sth.“不能忍受做某事”，是固定搭配，所以填living。5. the　考查冠詞。由于上文提到了“two men”，所以此處指“兩者中的另一個(gè)”，應(yīng)用the other表示，故填the。6. to stick　考查固定搭配。decide to do sth.“決定做某事”，是固定搭配，所以填to stick。7. friends　考查固定搭配。make friends “交朋友”，是固定搭配，所以填friends。8. that/which　考查定語從句。此處用關(guān)系代詞that或which指代先行詞a book，并在定語從句中作主語，所以填that/which。9. but　考查連詞。沙漠沒有改變，但是她的態(tài)度改變了，此處用but表示轉(zhuǎn)折。10. to　考查固定搭配。listen to“聽從”，是固定搭配，所以填to。BJingdezhen porcelain (瓷器) is Chinese porcelain produced in or near Jingdezhen in southern China. Jingdezhen has produced porcelain 1. ________(century) ago. And the town 2. ________ was named Jingdezhen by Emperor Zhenzong of the Northern Song Dynasty became a major kiln (窯) site around 1004. During the period, the 3. ________(produce) of porcelain in this area first became 4. ________(know). By the 14th century it had become the largest centre of producing Chinese porcelain, which remained in the following times. In the Ming Dynasty, official kilns in Jingdezhen 5. ________(control) by the emperor, making quality porcelain in large quantities for the emperor to give abroad as gifts. As a result, the town was 6. ________(close) linked to the world. Although being a remote town in a hilly area, Jingdezhen is near the quality porcelain stone and forests which can provide plenty of wood for the kilns. It also has 7. ________ river flowing from north to south, 8. ________(benefit) the transport of the fragile objects. Jingdezhen has produced a great variety of 9. ________(value) porcelain. As a result, the town is famous 10. ________ the “Porcelain Capital”. One type of its well-known high quality porcelain is the blue and white porcelain from the 1330s.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了景德鎮(zhèn)的歷史和景德鎮(zhèn)瓷器的生產(chǎn)、地理位置及產(chǎn)品等信息。1. centuries　考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)句意“景德鎮(zhèn)在數(shù)個(gè)世紀(jì)以前就開始生產(chǎn)瓷器了”可知，此處應(yīng)該填復(fù)數(shù)centuries。故填centuries。2. which/that　考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子的主干是“the town became a major kiln (窯) site around 1004”。the town指物，作先行詞，在定語從句中作主語，后接which或that引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句，故填which/that。3. production　考查名詞。根據(jù)本空前的the可知用名詞。故填production。4. known　考查過去分詞。此處是“變得被知道，變得知名起來”的意思，故填known。5. were controlled　考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)。control“控制”，而官窯不可能自己控制自己，只能由另外的人，比如此處的皇帝控制。與主語official kilns一致，故填were controlled。6. closely　考查副詞。close“緊密的，靠近的”，修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)要用其副詞形式作狀語，故填closely。7. a　考查不定冠詞。根據(jù)上下文可知，本段講述的是景德鎮(zhèn)的地理位置優(yōu)越，它還有一條河流從北邊流向南邊。此處表示泛指，且river以輔音音素開頭，故填a。8. benefiting　考查現(xiàn)在分詞。主語和動(dòng)詞benefit之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語，故填benefiting。9. valuable　考查形容詞。此處用形容詞作定語修飾名詞porcelain，故填valuable。10. as　考查介詞。be famous as... 表示“作為……出名”，為固定搭配。故填as。Ⅱ. 根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子1. 東南部雨量充足，而東北部則很少下雨。(while)There's plenty of rain in the southeast, while there's little rain in the northeast.2. 有如此多的人來幫助他，他一定會(huì)成功的。(獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu))So many people to help him, he is sure to succeed.3. 在他這個(gè)榜樣的帶動(dòng)下，成百上千的人都加入到了我們的工作。(過去分詞短語作狀語)Inspired by his example, hundreds of people volunteered to join us.4. 難怪孩子們很興奮，這是他們第一次出國。(主語從句)It's no wonder that the children are excited — this is the first time they've been abroad.5. 莎拉趕到了機(jī)場(chǎng)，正好及時(shí)趕上了今天早上的飛機(jī)。(make it)Sarah made it to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.B組·能力提升Ⅰ. 閱讀理解As we all know, the war is an ancient custom which has existed for at least six thousand years. It was always evil and usually foolish, but in the past the human race managed to live with it. Modern skill has changed this. Either man will stop war, or war will stop man. For the present, it is nuclear weapons that cause the greatest danger, but bacteriological (細(xì)菌學(xué)的) or chemical weapons may, before long, offer an even greater threat. Is it possible to persuade mankind to live without war? If we succeeded in stopping war, there would be no danger for us. To do this, we need to persuade mankind to look upon international questions in a new way, not by contests of force, in which the victory goes to the side which is most skillful in massacre (大屠殺), but by arbitration (仲裁) in accordance with agreed principles of law. It is not easy to change old mental habits, but this is what must be attempted.There are those who say that the adoption of this or that ideology (意識(shí)形態(tài)) would prevent war. I believe this to be a complete error. All ideologies are based upon beliefs without proof which are, at least, doubtful, and at worst, totally false. Those people who believe them are willing to go to war in support of them.The movement of world opinion during the past two years has changed very largely such as we can welcome. It has become a common belief that nuclear war must be avoided. Of course, very difficult problems remain in the international world, but the spirit in which they are being approached is a better one than it was some years ago. It has begun to be thought, even by the powerful men who decide whether we shall live or die, that agreements should be reached even if both sides do not find these agreements wholly satisfactory. It has begun to be understood that the important conflict nowadays is not between East and West, but between Man and the Hi-tech bomb.1. What can we learn from the first paragraph?A. We may face greater threat from weapons.B. Nuclear weapons are worst of all.C. Man's idea of victory has changed.D. Dangerous weapons are forbidden nowadays.2. The author of the passage believe that ________．A. it is impossible to live without warB. differences between East and West will lead to warC. war will be stopped by modern skillD. war must be stopped if man wants to survive3. Which is the only way to stop war according to the author?A. To stop nuclear weapons.B. To settle international issues through agreements.C. To destroy bacteriological and chemical weapons.D. To let the stronger side take over the world.4. We can infer from the last paragraph that ________.A. nuclear war will definitely not take placeB. real agreements have been reached nowC. world opinion is still divided on nuclear warD. man is beginning to realise that nuclear war is the greatest enemy【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。人類面臨核生化武器的威脅，開始意識(shí)到核戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)是人類最大的敵人。因此，人類解決爭(zhēng)端的思維模式已經(jīng)發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)變，不是靠武力，而是靠協(xié)商解決。1. A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“For the present, it is nuclear weapons that cause the greatest danger, but bacteriological (細(xì)菌學(xué)的) or chemical weapons may”可知，未來生化武器可能給人類帶來更大的威脅，故A項(xiàng)正確。2. D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“If we succeeded in stopping war, there would be no danger for us.”可知，人類面臨核生化武器的威脅，只有避免戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)才能消除武器對(duì)人類的威脅，也就是人類要想生存必須避免戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，故D項(xiàng)正確。3. B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“To do this, we need to persuade mankind to look upon international questions in a new way, not by contests of force, in which the victory goes to the side which is most skillful in massacre (大屠殺), but by arbitration (仲裁) in accordance with agreed principles of law.”可知，要想避免戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，人類要摒棄通過武力解決問題的方法，而要按照法律原則進(jìn)行仲裁，也就是通過協(xié)議來解決國際問題，故B項(xiàng)正確。4. D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“It has begun to be understood that the important conflict nowadays is not between East and West, but between Man and the Hi-tech bomb.”可知，人類開始認(rèn)識(shí)到最大的沖突不是來自東西方，而是來自人類與高科技武器，也就是人類意識(shí)到核戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)才是人類最大的敵人，故D項(xiàng)正確。Ⅱ. 完形填空(2020·山東師大附中4月模擬)When I entered Berkeley, I hoped to earn a scholarship. Having been a straight A student, I believed I could 1 tough subjects and really learn something. One such course was World Literature given by Professor Jayne. I was extremely interested in the ideas he 2 in class.When I took the first exam of this subject, I was 3 to find a 77, C plus, on my test paper. I went to Professor Jayne, who listened to my arguments but remained 4 . I decided to try harder, and I read the books more carefully, but got another 77 again. I 5 with Professor Jayne. Again, he listened patiently but wouldn't change his 6 ．One more test before the final exam, one more chance to improve my grade. So I redoubled my effort and, for the first time 7 the meaning of the word “thorough”. But my efforts were no good and everything 8 as before.The last hurdle (難關(guān)) was the final exam. No matter what 9 I got, it wouldn't cancel three C pluses. I might as well kiss the 10 goodbye.I stopped working hard. I felt I knew the course material as well as I ever would. The night before the final exam, I even 11 myself to a movie. The next day I decided for once I'd have 12 with a test. A week later, I was surprised to find I got an A. I hurried into Professor Jayne's office. He 13 to be expecting me. “If I gave you the As you 14 ， you wouldn't continue to work hard.”I stared at him 15 that his analysis and strategy (策略) were correct.I was speechless when my course grade arrived: A plus. The next year I received my scholarship. I always remembered professor Jayne's lesson: you alone must set your own standard of excellence.1. A. take B. discuss C. cover D. get2. A. sought B. presented C. exchanged D. obtained3. A. shocked B. worried C. scared D. anxious4. A. unchanged B. unpleasant C. unfriendly D. unmoved5. A. quarrelled B. reasoned C. bargained D. chatted6. A. attitude B. mind C. plan D. view7. A. memorised B. considered C. accepted D. learned8. A. stayed B. went C. worked D. changed9. A. grade B. answer C. lesson D. comment10. A. scholarship B. course C. degree D. subject11. A. helped B. favoured C. treated D. relaxed12. A. fun B. luck C. problems D. tricks13. A. happened B. proved C. pretended D. seemed14. A. valued B. imagined C. expected D. welcomed15. A. remembering B. guessing C. supposing D. realising【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。作者通過敘述自己在Jayne教授所教的科目下，努力爭(zhēng)取A＋并最終獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的故事告訴我們：我們需要自己設(shè)定優(yōu)秀的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。1. A　根據(jù)下文中的“subjects”可推斷，此處表示可以選修較難的科目。2. B　根據(jù)下文中的“in class”和上文中的“the ideas”可推斷，此處指的是老師在課堂上所提出的觀點(diǎn)，是作者非常感興趣的，因此作者選修了這門課程。3. A　第一段講作者對(duì)自己信心滿滿，第二段提到第一次考試后，作者意外地發(fā)現(xiàn)自己竟然只得了77分，所以非常吃驚。4. D　根據(jù)上文中的“but”和下文內(nèi)容可知，教授不為所動(dòng)，沒有改變給我的分?jǐn)?shù)。5. B　作者再次得了77分，于是再次去找教授理論。reason with sb.“與某人講道理”。6. B　句意：他又一次耐心地聽著，但不愿改變自己的主意。7. D　作者第一次學(xué)到什么叫“徹底”了。8. B　根據(jù)上文“my efforts were no good”可知，作者的努力沒有用，跟以前一樣，沒有改變。9. A　根據(jù)下文“three C pluses”可知此處指的是成績。10. A　根據(jù)第一段中的“to earn a scholarship”和最后一段中的“I received my scholarship”可知，這里是指作者以為自己拿不到獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金了。11. C　句意：在期末考試的前一天晚上，我甚至請(qǐng)自己去看了電影。treat sb. to sth.意為“用……招待；以……款待”。12. A　根據(jù)上文考前請(qǐng)自己看電影可知，作者決定把考試當(dāng)作一種樂趣。13. D　根據(jù)語境可知，一周后，作者驚喜地發(fā)現(xiàn)自己居然得了A，就跑去找教授，發(fā)現(xiàn)教授好像正在等他來。14. C　根據(jù)下文“you wouldn't continue to work hard”并結(jié)合上文內(nèi)容可知，教授的想法是如果自己一開始就給了作者所期望的成績A，作者就不會(huì)這么努力付出了。15. D　下文“his analysis and strategy (策略) were correct”是作者意識(shí)到的東西。此處表示作者盯著教授，這時(shí)才真正明白了教授的用心。Ⅲ. 概要寫作(2020·浙江省“五校聯(lián)考”)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。These days our society develops rapidly and people tend to rush. It appears that people have got used to being in a hurry. However, it's better for people to take their time and live their life at a slower pace than to hurry to get things done.The main reason that convinces us to be against doing work in a hurry is the possibility of doing wrong in a rush. When people do their jobs or take action in a hurry, they can't make a sound decision and probably regret later. As the saying goes, “Haste makes waste.” We should think carefully before making a decision and do our work less quickly. We should not make mistakes by doing work hurriedly.Slowing down the pace of life helps people enjoy their life better. For example, taking a train to some place certainly will take more time than taking a plane. However, it allows people to fully enjoy the beautiful scenery along the way. On the contrary, being in a hurry will make us lose chances of enjoying our lives.Finally, slower life pace provides better health condition for us. As is known to all, taking action in a hurry bothers people and raises their stress. People think if they are not in a hurry, they will become a loser and that annoys them. But being in a hurry can hurt people both physically and mentally (精神上地). According to some studies, people who have a slower pace suffer fewer diseases, tend to be happier and live much longer than those whose life is tense, even if the former finish jobs more slowly than the latter.In short, working quickly will bring about more material benefits to make our society more advanced. Yet, much stress can't bring enjoyment, friends and health, which are much more important than money and other material advantages. Therefore, take your time and live your life at a slower pace.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】Despite being accustomed to the fast pace of modern society, people are recommended to lead a slower life. Firstly, slowing down lowers the possibility of committing errors by comprehensive thinking. Secondly, more opportunities to enjoy life are allowed by a slower pace. Lastly, better physical and mental condition is also what a slower life brings. Therefore, let's take a slower life from now on.

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