?專題18 完形填空八大解題技巧
知題型特點
完形填空的體裁主要以記敘文和夾敘夾議文為主，偶爾涉及說明文和議論文。文章主題語境包括人與自我、人與社會及人與自然,選材都積極向上、充滿正能量的文章，倡導至真至善至美的價值觀。文章幾乎全部來自國外網(wǎng)站,原汁原味,篇章與語句結(jié)構(gòu)的變化豐富多彩。文章篇幅相對穩(wěn)定，一般250-300詞之間;所選短文結(jié)構(gòu)嚴謹、層次分明、邏輯性強。
設題特點：
1. 主要考查實詞。一般情況下，名詞和動詞(短語)考查的數(shù)量在2/3以上。
2. 完形填空的設題方式大致可分為句內(nèi)層次、句組層次及語篇層次三種題型。句內(nèi)層次題和句組層次題較容易，能保障考生取得基本分數(shù),但高考是選拔性的考試，每篇完形填空總會有2-3個比較難的語篇層次題成為考生取得高分的攔路虎。選項不考查語法方面的知識點，盡量保證四個選項都與句中某關(guān)鍵詞搭配。正確答案的得出是根據(jù)上下文的邏輯聯(lián)系。
學解題技巧
1、 利用首尾信息，大膽預測
從歷年的試題可以看出，完形填空首句一般不設題。一般作者在第一句話就交代了人物的姓名、身份、業(yè)績或事件發(fā)生的時間、地點，然后再介紹事件的發(fā)生、發(fā)展，最后得出結(jié)果。
這為我們理解文章的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系提供了一個＂窗口＂，它的句意往往為全文提供中心信息。所以應充分重視首句的指示作用，利用它為解題找到一個突破口，據(jù)此拓展思維，爭取開局勝利。
應對技巧
1.明確寫作要素。寫作要素包括事情發(fā)生的時間(when)地點(where)事件的內(nèi)容(what)、人物(who)原因(why)等。弄清了這些要素也就基本上抓住了文章的主體，理解了整篇文章。
2. 理清寫作順序。根據(jù)寫作的需要作者往往采用順敘到敘或插敘等方法進行敘述。理清這些線索有助于了解事情發(fā)展的來龍去脈,從而更迅速、準確地理解文意。
典例1
(2021全國乙卷)Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a ___41 nurse___ just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different ___42_grades__ of gratitude(感謝).
My thoughts were soon ___43___. We had a woman patient who was ___44_recovering__ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while ___45attempting___ to get into bed she collapsed(倒下) from what was ___46_eventually__ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, ___47requiring___the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though ___48slowly___, and was ready for discharge(出院)after four weeks.
43. A. brushed aside B. put to the test
C. brought under discussion D. taken into account

第一步：根據(jù)首句，了解大意。
文章首段提出一個想法：在某些情況下，簡單地說聲謝謝似乎不夠。
第二部：探究分析
根據(jù)下文作者敘述一個患者表達感謝的故事，可推斷，作者再首段提出的想法很快經(jīng)受了檢驗。A. brushed aside撇開；B. put to the test經(jīng)受考驗，接受……的考驗；C. brought under discussion在討論中；D. taken into account考慮。
第三步：得出結(jié)論
代入答案，驗證選項。
2、 識別語篇標志，厘清邏輯
記敘文是高考完形填空中出現(xiàn)頻率最高的一類問題。另外夾敘夾議文也是近年來高考完形填空常見體裁。議論文和說明文的完形填空都屬于較難的問題，多年來高考很少涉及。
1) 記敘文
從敘事方式來看, 故事內(nèi)容基本都遵循“起一承一轉(zhuǎn)一合”的常見記敘文寫作思路。從正負態(tài)度來解釋,則可分為兩種模式:一種為“負一”,即故事開始就是“壞事”,后來轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤昂檬隆?另一種是“正一負一正”,即文章開始平靜祥和,中間經(jīng)歷挫折、困難,最終迎來光明美好的結(jié)局。兩種模式的共同點在于,無論故事如何開篇,過程都會經(jīng)歷曲折,結(jié)尾必然收獲美好、充滿希望。總之,完形填空的選材基本都是積極向上、引人向善的文章。了解這些有助于考生理解文章內(nèi)容、把握主人公情感走向,進而幫助解題。
2.）夾敘夾議類
夾敘夾議類的文章通常采用敘議結(jié)合的寫作方法,文章先進行敘述,然后再在段落的結(jié)尾或文章的末尾展開議論，說明故事所包含的哲理或總結(jié)出作者的觀點。記敘和議論在文中交錯運用,有的是以議論引出記敘,有的是在記敘的基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)表議論。閱讀此類文章時,考生要重點關(guān)注議論的部分,從而總結(jié)出文章的主旨。
1.事例→觀點
文章首先敘述主人公經(jīng)歷的事情或所見所聞,然后針對這一事件發(fā)表自己的觀點和看法,從而最終揭示生活哲理。
2.觀點→事例
先提出一種觀點或看法,然后圍繞這一觀點或看法用具體的事例來進行說明,一般是一個事例,也可能是幾個事例從不同角度和側(cè)面進行說明。
3.觀點→事例→觀點
先提出一種觀點或看法,然后用事例進行說明,最后再進一步闡釋或者總結(jié)歸納自己的觀點態(tài)度。
應對技巧
技法1、利用首尾信息，大膽預測
典例1. (2021全國乙卷)Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a ___41 nurse___ just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different ___42_grades__ of gratitude(感謝).
My thoughts were soon ___43___. We had a woman patient who was ___44_recovering__ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while ___45attempting___ to get into bed she collapsed(倒下) from what was ___46_eventually__ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, ___47requiring___the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though ___48slowly___, and was ready for discharge(出院)after four weeks.
43. A. brushed aside B. put to the test
C. brought under discussion D. taken into account

第一步：根據(jù)首句，了解大意。
文章首段提出一個想法：在某些情況下，簡單地說聲謝謝似乎不夠。
第二部：探究分析
根據(jù)下文作者敘述一個患者表達感謝的故事，可推斷，作者再首段提出的想法很快經(jīng)受了檢驗。A. brushed aside撇開；B. put to the test經(jīng)受考驗，接受……的考驗；C. brought under discussion在討論中；D. taken into account考慮。
第三步：得出結(jié)論
代入答案，驗證選項。

技法2、 在句組層次題中, 利用邏輯關(guān)系解題是一種重要的方法.
典例2.1
(2021·天津卷3月) In addition to 31.practical skills, Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings of community. 32 , the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment.
32.A. Otherwise B. However
C. Somehow D. Meanwhile
第一步：析選項
本題考查連接詞。
第二步：分析句意
分析句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系
根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示與此同時，孩子們也獲得了成就感otherwise“否則,不然”;however“但是”;somehow“以某種方式”;meanwhile“與此同時”。故答案為D。
第三步：得出結(jié)論
代入閱讀，核對答案。
典例2.2
(2021·浙江卷)...However, within fifteen minutes of 39. arriving, my worries had gone. Everyone was so 40 and like-minded that it was very 41. easy to feel at home.
40. A. confident B. friendly C. energetic D. curious
第一步：析選項
本題考查形容詞。
第二步：分析句意
分析句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系
因為有and這一并列連詞，其前后意思應該一致可知，第40題與“l(fā)ike-minded”形成對應關(guān)系，故答案為B。
第三步：得出結(jié)論
代入閱讀，核對答案。

技法3、 巧用背景常識，簡化判斷
完形填空中往往滲透著諸如文化科學、歷史地理、風俗人情等方面的知識,做題時利用這些知識,特別是注意中西方文化差異,巧妙地加以運用將會大大簡化分析與判斷過程,節(jié)省寶貴的時間，從而輕松做出正確判斷。
典例3
（2021·全國卷乙）And there you have it. To many people, 59 lives is part of the job but styling hair is an extra and should be rewarded.
59.A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building
第一步：析選項
本題考查動名詞。
第二步：分析句意
考查語境和常識推斷
對許多人來說，挽救(saving)生命是醫(yī)護人員工作的一部分,但是做頭發(fā)是額外的(extra)事,應當?shù)玫匠曛x。risk“冒險”;change“改變”;build“培養(yǎng),發(fā)展”，故答案為C。
第三步：得出結(jié)論
代入閱讀，核對答案。

技法4、 適時瞻前顧后，上下求索
句組層次題比句內(nèi)層次題稍難, 本句信息不足填, 其解題線索分布在設空前后的一組句子之中, 解題時需上下求索,結(jié)合句群信息確定答案。從空格前面的相關(guān)語句中尋找解題依據(jù)的方法通常被稱為“瞻前法”；所謂“顧后”，是指在做完形填空時參考空后的有關(guān)信息來解題。
典例4.1
(2021·新高考全國卷I) I’d 45 minimum wage... This was the sort of work that made you 55. appreciate the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.
A. offer B. earn
C. set D. suggest
第一步：分析選項
本題考查動詞。
第二步：分析句意
瞻前顧后，上下求索
根據(jù)下文第55題后面的“the dollars you earned”可知,當時的作者掙最低的工資。故選C項。
第三步：得出結(jié)論
代入閱讀，核對答案。

典例4.2
(2021·全國卷甲) His letter 40 . Banned from the hotel since 2001. Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said.
40. A. arrived B. worked C. ended D. disappeared
第一步：分析選項
本題考查動詞。
第二步：分析句意
瞻前顧后，上下求索
根據(jù)“Banned from the hotel since 2001.Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said."可知，他的信起作用了。故選C項。
第三步：得出結(jié)論
代入閱讀，核對答案。

典例4.3
(2021·新高考全國卷I) Dad 53.smiled. The son of a grocer, he'd spent the summers of his childhood______ food in Benardsville, New Jersey.
54. A. tasting B. finding C. sharing D. delivering
第一步：分析選項
本題考查動詞。
第二步：分析句意
瞻前顧后，上下求索
根據(jù)“The son of a grocer”可知作為一個雜貨商的兒子,父親童年的夏天都在新澤西的貝馬茲維爾送外賣。故選D項。tasting品嘗;finding找到;sharing分享;delivering 送貨。
第三步：得出結(jié)論
代入閱讀，核對答案。

技法5、 留意原詞復現(xiàn)，鎖定答案
復現(xiàn)是一種語義銜接手段,它通過原詞、同義詞或近義詞、反義詞、上義詞、下義詞、同源詞或同根詞等重復出現(xiàn)來表達某一概念,使整篇文章上下連貫,有機地銜接在一起。因此,考生可根據(jù)文章的具體情況,理解文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和語境，利用文章中的語義復現(xiàn)來選擇正確的答案。
應對技巧
技法1.原詞復現(xiàn)
典例5.1
(2020·全國卷I) One day they’ll 47. wake up and discover that everything they've always known about windows is a 48.
I wonder if 49. parents should always tell the truth no matter the 50. consequences. I have a very strong 51. fear that the lie we're telling is doing 52. spiritual damage to our children.
48. A. dream B. lie C. fantasy D. fact
第一步：分析選項
本題考查名詞。
第二步：分析句意
由下文的“I have a very strong 51. fear that the lie... ”并結(jié)合語境可知正確選項。故選B項。
第三步：得出結(jié)論
代入閱讀，核對答案。
技法2.同義復現(xiàn)
典例5.2
（2021·3月天津卷） For most people, having things stolen feels like an offence. Robbie Pruitt admitted that he got 16 when he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September. But soon enough, his17. emotions took a turn. After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy 18. instead.
16.A. amazed B. mad C. curious D. frightened
第一步：分析選項
本題考查形容詞。
第二步：分析句意
根據(jù)下文的“After letting go of his anger and frustration”可知此處和“anger” “frustration”是同義詞，本題可以利用同義復現(xiàn)解題。故選B項。
第三步：得出結(jié)論
代入閱讀，核對答案。
技法3.反義復現(xiàn)
典例5.3
（2021·新高考I卷） Our 48.roles in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49.Remove bunny from the belt. This was_50_ than it sounds.51. Slow down a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high- pressure than I'd 52. expected.
50. A. harder B. better C. longer D. cheaper
第一步：分析選項
本題考查形容詞。
第二步：分析句意
前文提到了“Our48. roles in the factory were simple", 但是根據(jù)下文中的“the cakes pile up" "a little more high-pressure"可知，作者想表達實際上作者他們的工作并不像聽上去那么簡單，harder與 simple構(gòu)成反義復現(xiàn)。
。本題可以利用反義復現(xiàn)解題，故選A項。
第三步：得出結(jié)論
代入閱讀，核對答案。
技法4.代詞復現(xiàn)
典例5.4
（2016·全國卷I） Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man 56.backed off and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 57 if he was needed or 58. free to go. They let him and the other man go.
57.A.woman B .police C. man D. driver
第一步：分析選項
本題考查名詞。
第二步：分析句意
根據(jù)語境和下文中的“They”可知,拉里問是否還需要他，問的對象肯定是這些急救人員。下文中的代詞“they”是復數(shù)，四個選項中只有police是集合名詞,表示復數(shù),也符合常識。本題可以利用代詞復現(xiàn)解題，故選B項。
第三步：得出結(jié)論
代入閱讀，核對答案。









技法6、利用作者態(tài)度感情，推斷答案
在高考完形填空文章中，我們一定要在快速閱讀文章的過程中，仔細找出能夠反映作者態(tài)度和感情色彩的重要詞匯，它們往往是名詞、形容詞、副詞或動詞等。這些詞匯通常是我們做題時重要的參照線索，可以幫助我們快速確定某些題目的正確答案。
典例6
She had a 26.firm intention within herself to be the best she could be. My ten-year-old was growing and changing right before my eyes，into this 27 human being with a passion and a mission....But that didn’t stop her from trying.
27.A.trusted B.determined
C.experienced D.embarrassed
分析　本題可以利用作者態(tài)度或感情色彩關(guān)聯(lián)解題。聯(lián)系上文的“She had a firm intention”及下文的“But that didn’t stop her from trying.”可以看出，她是一個意志堅定的(determined)人。故選B。
技法7、詞組、短語等固定搭配（必須有邏輯銜接關(guān)系或上下文等依據(jù)）
固定搭配，常用詞組短語。包括動詞與介詞的搭配、動詞與名詞的搭配以及形容詞與名詞的搭配等，同時要根據(jù)邏輯銜接、上下文內(nèi)容等選擇正確的短語。一般是整體考察該搭配，而不單獨考察介詞或短語中的某個部分
典例7
But even if you do accept that a sixth sense exists, the question is, does it actually __51__? Radin says it does. “The future of our civilization depends on (decision) that are being made now, whether it's about how we farm our food, how we get rid of our waste or whether we allow chemicals to be included in everyday products…”
A. serve any purpose B. take any advantage C. make any progress D. win any support
【分析】　本題考查固定搭配。根據(jù)后面“ "我們文明的未來取決于現(xiàn)在正在做出的（決定），無論是關(guān)于我們?nèi)绾胃N我們的食物，我們?nèi)绾翁幚砦覀兊膹U物，或者我們是否允許化學品被包含在日常產(chǎn)品中......"”
【答案】A
技法8、情景排除，摒棄錯誤選項
完形填空的某些設空在文章的上下文中是找不到“伏筆”或“暗示”的，這時就要求學生對空白前后的情景進行合理想象，然后用排除法確定正確選項，因為四個選項中必有一正確選擇。
典例8.1
Another 53.try was in order.“Well，if you don't want to read it，give it 54.back．Maybe your mom would __55__ hearing the story.”The book sailed through the air to Aunt Dede and she began to read it aloud.By the end of the first chapter，__56__ were coming from the back seat：“Please read a little 57.louder．”
55．A.enjoy B．a(chǎn)dmit
C．mind D．finish
56．A.decisions B．requests
C．comments D．promises
解析：55和56題在文中找不到伏筆或暗示，但根據(jù)前后的情景還是能推出答案的。55空前面說讓小孩把書歸還，“或許你的媽媽喜歡(enjoy)聽這個故事”，故選A；56空后面的“Please read a little __57.louder__．”應該是請求(request)，故56題選B。
典例8.2
Where do you go when you want to learn something？School？A friend？A tutor？These are all__21__places of learning.But it may well be that the learning you really want __22__ somewhere else instead.I had the 23.chance of seeing this first hand on a 24.weekend．
21．A.public B．traditional
C．official D．special
22．A.passes B．works
C．lies D．ends
解析：結(jié)合生活常識可知，“School? A friend? A tutor？”指的應是傳統(tǒng)(traditional)的學習方式。故21題選B?！暗芸赡苣阏嬲胍獙W習的卻在(lies)其他某個地方”，故22題選C。
考點練透
【真題再現(xiàn)】
Passage 01（2022年新高考1卷）
My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.
Some of our 41 are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we 42 along Chalk Creek. I was 43 that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek（小溪）. I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was 44 , and his crying let the whole campground know it. So 45 tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It 46 — he didn't end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did.
Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we 47 , but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly 48 our peaceful morning trip. The 49 picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to 50 the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No 51 . We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there 52 , a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed（拖）us back. We were 53 .
Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of 54 , wondering what camping fun and 55 we will experience next.
41. A. ideas B. jokes C. memories D. discoveries
42. A. camped B. drove C. walked D. cycled
43. A. annoyed B. surprised C. disappointed D. worried
44. A. unhurt B. unfortunate C. uncomfortable D. unafraid
45. A. due to B. instead of C. apart from D. as for
46. A. worked B. happened C. mattered D. changed
47. A. signed up B. calmed down C. checked out D. headed off
48. A. arranged B. interrupted C. completed D. recorded
49. A. wind B. noise C. temperature D. speed
50. A. find B. hide C. start D. fix
51. A. luck B. answer C. wonder D. signal
52. A. patiently B. tirelessly C. doubtfully D. helplessly
53. A. sorry B. brave C. safe D. right
54. A. relief B. duty C. pride D. excitement
55. A. failure B. adventure C. performance D. conflict
41.【答案】C
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A. ideas想法；B. jokes笑話；C. memories記憶；D. discoveries發(fā)現(xiàn)。本句句意：我們的一些記憶很有趣，尤其是在早些年我們的孩子很小的時候。根據(jù)上文“have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years（在過去的十年里有過美妙的露營經(jīng)歷）”以及下文“especially from the early years when our children were little（尤其是在我們的孩子很小的時候）”可推知，此處指作者是對他們露營經(jīng)歷的一種回憶，認為自己與家人一起冒險的這些回憶是有趣的。故選C。
42.【答案】A
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A. camped露營；B. drove開車；C. walked散步；D. cycled騎自行車。本句句意：有一次，我們沿著白堊溪露營。根據(jù)上文“My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.（在過去的十年里，我的丈夫、我們的孩子和我都有過精彩的露營經(jīng)歷。）”以及下文“his crying let the whole campground know it（他的哭聲讓整個營地都知道了這一點）”可知，此處指作者與家人一起在溪邊露營。故選A。
43.【答案】D
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A. annoyed惱怒的；B. surprised驚訝的C. disappointed失望的；D. worried擔心的。本句句意：我擔心我們15個月大的孩子會掉進小溪里。根據(jù)下文“our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek（我們15個月大的孩子會掉進小溪里）”可推知，此處自己的孩子會掉進小溪里，所以作者肯定是擔心的。故選D。
44.【答案】C
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A. unhurt未受傷的；B. unfortunate不幸的；C. uncomfortable不舒服的；D. unafraid無所畏懼的。本句句意：他很不舒服，他的哭聲讓整個營地都知道了這一點。根據(jù)上文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.（我在他的腰上系了一根繩子，讓他靠近我們的位置。）”以及下文“his crying let the whole campground know it（他的哭聲讓整個營地都知道了這一點）”可推知，此處指孩子身上被綁繩子后感覺不舒服，所以才會哭。故選C。
45.【答案】B
【解析】考查介詞短語辨析。A. due to由于；B. instead of代替、而不是；C. apart from除了；D. as for至于。本句句意：所以我沒有把他綁起來，而是密切關(guān)注著他。根據(jù)上文“He was uncomfortable, and his crying let the whole campground know it.（他很不舒服，他的哭聲讓整個營地都知道了這一點。）”以及下文“I just kept a close eye on him（我只是密切關(guān)注著他）”可推知，此處指孩子身上被綁繩子后感覺不舒服，所以作者放棄在他身上綁繩子，而是密切關(guān)注著他。故選B。
46.【答案】A
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A. worked起作用；B. happened發(fā)生；C. mattered事關(guān)緊要；D. changed改變。本句句意：它起作用了，他最終沒有掉進小溪里。根據(jù)下文“he didn’t end up in the creek.”可推知，此處指作者的密切關(guān)注起作用了，孩子沒有掉進小溪里。故選A。
47.【答案】D
【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。A. signed up注冊、報名；B. calmed down冷靜下來；C. checked out退房、結(jié)賬離開；D. headed off啟程、出發(fā)。本句句意：我們出發(fā)時，天空很晴朗，但山中風暴來勢洶洶，風暴很快中斷了我們平靜的晨間旅行。根據(jù)上文“The sky was clear（天空晴朗）”以及下文“but storms move in fast in the mountains（但是風暴在山里移動得很快）”可推知，此處指天氣突然變化，出發(fā)時還天氣晴朗。故選D。
48.【答案】B
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A. arranged安排；B. interrupted中斷；C. completed完成；D. recorded記錄。本句句意：我們出發(fā)時，天空很晴朗，但山中風暴來勢洶洶，風暴很快中斷了我們平靜的晨間旅行。根據(jù)上文“storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly（風暴在山中移動得很快，而這一次很快）”以及下文“our peaceful morning trips（我們寧靜的晨游）”可推知，此處指風暴來臨，作者的旅行被迫中斷了。故選B。
49.【答案】A
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A. wind風；B. noise噪音；C. temperature溫度；D. speed速度。本句句意：狂風大作，雷聲隆隆。根據(jù)上文“storms move in fast in the mountains（暴風雨在山中快速移動）”可推知，此處指大風刮了起來。故選A。
50.【答案】C
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A. find找到；B. hide隱藏；C. start啟動；D. fix修理。本句句意：我丈夫停止釣魚來啟動馬達。根據(jù)下文“Nothing. He tried again.（沒有什么動靜，他又試了一次。）”以及“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.（我們被困在湖中，發(fā)動機熄火了。）”可推知，此處指作者的丈夫嘗試將船啟動。故選C。
51.【答案】A
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A. luck好運；B. answer回答；C. wonder驚奇；D. signal信號。本句句意：沒有好運。根據(jù)下文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.（我們被困在湖中，發(fā)動機熄火了。）”可推知，此處指作者的丈夫再次嘗試啟動，也沒有獲得好運，船依然無法啟動。故選A。
52.【答案】D
【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。A. patiently耐心地；B. tirelessly不知疲倦地；C. doubtfully懷疑地；D. helplessly無助地。本句句意：當我們無助地坐在那里時，一個漁夫停了下來，扔給我們一根繩子并把我們拖了回來。根據(jù)上文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.（我們被困在湖中，發(fā)動機熄火了。）”可推知，此處指在天氣惡劣的情況下船無法啟動了，作者與家人十分無助地坐著。故選D。
53.【答案】C
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A. sorry抱歉的；B. brave勇敢的；C. safe安全的；D. right正確的。本句句意：我們安全了。根據(jù)上文“a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed us back（一個漁夫停了下來，扔給我們一根繩子，把我們拖了回來）”可推知，此處指得到了漁夫的幫助，作者和家人安全了。故選C。
54.【答案】D
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A. relief救濟；B. duty職責；C. pride自豪；D. excitement興奮。本句句意：現(xiàn)在，每年當我丈夫把露營車從車庫里拉出來時，我們都會充滿興奮，想知道接下來我們會經(jīng)歷什么樣的露營樂趣和冒險。結(jié)合語境，再根據(jù)下文“wondering what camping fun we will experience next（想知道下一次我們將體驗什么野營樂趣）”可推知，此處指作者期待接下來的露營，充滿興奮。故選D。
55.【答案】B
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A. failure失敗；B. adventure冒險；C. performance表現(xiàn)；D. conflict沖突。本句句意：現(xiàn)在，每年當我丈夫把露營車從車庫里拉出來時，我們都會充滿興奮，想知道接下來我們會經(jīng)歷什么樣的露營樂趣和冒險。根據(jù)上文“Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of excitement, wondering what camping fun we will experience next（現(xiàn)在，每年當我丈夫把露營車從車庫里拉出來時，我們都會充滿興奮，想知道下一次露營能帶來什么樣的樂趣）”可推知，此處指作者與家人十分期待即將經(jīng)歷的冒險。故選B。
Passage 02（2022年乙卷）
Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there's something highly exciting about 41 someone else's glance and making oneself unable to be seen.
However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably 42 at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies 43 .
For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was 44 as evidence that children are hopelessly "egocentric"（自我中心的）creatures. But our 45 research results in child developmental psychology 46 that idea.
We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each 47 sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or 48 . We then asked the child if she could 49 or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn't. The same 50 happened when the adult covered her own mouth: 51 children said that they couldn't 52 to her.
A number of 53 ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects 54 the questions and knew 55 what was asked of them. Their 56 to the questions reflected their true 57 that "I can see you only if you can see me, too." They simply 58 mutual（相互的）recognition and regard. Our 59 suggest when a child "hides" by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method 60 when others use it.
41. A. following B. taking C. escaping D. directing
42. A. clever B. bad C. scared D. quick
43. A. exposed B. examined C. untouched D. imbalanced
44. A. supported B. guaranteed C. imagined D. interpreted
45. A. disappointing B. mixed C. surprising D. desired
46. A. explained B. confirmed C. contradicted D. tested
47. A. parent B. child C. researcher D. doctor
48. A. feet B. nose C. hands D. ears
49. A. see B. help C. reach D. fool
50. A. event B. thing C. action D. accident
51. A. Yet B. Now C. Soon D. Once
52. A. speak B. listen C. tum D. wave
53. A. instructions B. descriptions C. experiments D. assumptions
54. A. comprehended B. predicted C. explored D. ignored
55. A. partly B. honestly C. vaguely D. exactly
56. A. responses B. approaches C. contribution D. sensitivity
57. A. ability B. belief C. identity D. purpose
58. A. hold back B. relate to C. insist on D. make up
59. A. limitations B. requirements C. theories D. findings
60. A. tentative B. impressive C. creative D. effective
【語篇導讀】全世界的兒童都喜歡玩捉迷藏，但事實表明學前兒童不擅于躲藏。以往的研究將此現(xiàn)象歸因于小孩子太過以自我為中心，而本文中的最新研究成果駁斥了這一觀點，認為真正原因在于小孩子堅信與他人之間的“相互認可和關(guān)注”。
41. 【答案】C
【解析】由上文 playing games of hide and seek玩捉迷藏游戲和下文making oneself unable to be seen的提示可知，此處指避開(escaping)別人的視線，讓自己不被人看到。A. following跟隨；B. taking取走；C. escaping避開；D. directing指導。根據(jù)上文“Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek.”。
42. 【答案】B
【解析】根據(jù)下文They often cover only their eyes with their hands,leaving the rest of their bodies.…和第三段首句中ineffective hiding method的提示可知，幼兒園小朋友很不擅長(bad)躲藏。A. clever聰明的；B. bad不擅長的；C. scared害怕的；D. quick快的。根據(jù)下文“They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies”可知，兒童不擅長隱藏，be bad at sth.表示“不擅長某事”。
43. 【答案】A
【解析】由前半句 Thev often cover only their eves with their hands可推斷小朋友躲藏時只用手蓋住他們自己的眼睛，身體其他部分還都暴露(exposed)在外，沒有藏好。A. exposed無遮蔽的；B. examined已檢查過的；C. untouched未受影響的；D. imbalanced失衡的。
44. 【答案】D
【解析】聯(lián)系上下文可知，長久以來，兒童躲藏時只遮住自己眼睛的做法成了“兒童是極其以自我為中心的人”這一結(jié)論的證據(jù)。由本段最后一個詞idea的提示也可推斷，這只是人們的一種觀點和理解方式，故interpreted符合語境。A. supported支持；B. guaranteed保證；C. imagined想象；D. interpreted解釋。
45. 【答案】C 【解析】本句中 But 提示語義轉(zhuǎn)折，再聯(lián)系第四段中 Surprisingly，children replied that they couldn’t.以及最后一段中得出的完全不同于以往觀點的結(jié)論…it is not a result of egocentrism，可推斷，此處的 research results是出人意料、令人驚訝的，故 surprising 符合語境。A. disappointing令人失望的；B. mixed混合的；C. surprising令人驚訝的；D. desired渴望的。
46. 【答案】C
【解析】聯(lián)系最后一段中 …it is not a result of egocentrism.可知，作者所在團隊的研究成果與以往的傳統(tǒng)觀點大相徑庭，contradicted在此表示“(陳述或證據(jù))相抵觸，相矛盾”，符合語境。A. explained解釋；B. confirmed證實；C. contradicted相矛盾；D. tested測試。
47. 【答案】B
【解析】由本段首句 We brought young children…及本空下一句中the chilo的提示可推斷，此處跟成年人坐在一起的是受邀參加實驗的每一位兒童(child)。A. parent父母親；B. child兒童；C. researcher研究員；D. doctor醫(yī)生。
48. 【答案】D
【解析】由下一句中 …or hear the adult的提示可推斷，此處指參加實驗的成年人要捂住自己的眼睛或耳朵(ears)。A. feet腳；B. nose鼻子；C. hands手；D. ears耳朵。
49.【答案】A
【解析】由上一句中 an adult who covered herown eyes的提示可推斷，此處要問受試兒童能否看到(see)那位成年人。A. see看見；B. help幫助；C. reach到達；D. fool欺騙。
50.【答案】B
【解析】聯(lián)系下文可知，研究人員繼續(xù)讓參與實驗的成年人捂住了嘴，孩子們答復時依然給出了否定的答案，由此可推斷，之后又發(fā)生了同樣的事(thing)。注意:本題四個選項的詞義相近，但各有其不同的適用語境，需注意辨析詞義的差別。event意為“(尤指)重要事情，大事”，action 意為“行動”，accident意為“事故，意外”，三詞均不符合語境。
51.【答案】B
【解析】本句中的冒號有提示下文的作用，因此，冒號之后的內(nèi)容應順承前半句的邏輯，而非引起句意轉(zhuǎn)折。由冒號前The same…h(huán)appened…的提示及冒號后小孩子們做出的與之前一樣的否定答復可推斷，此處應填Now，用以說明本次的實驗結(jié)果。A. Yet然而；B. Now此刻；C. Soon很快；D. Once一次。
52.【答案】A【解析】由本句中冒號前 .….the adult covered her own mouth可推斷，小孩子們這次是說他們不能與那個成年人講話(speak)。A. speak說；B. listen聽；C. turn轉(zhuǎn)；D. wave揮手。
53.【答案】C
【解析】根據(jù)上文對受試兒童所做的多輪實驗可推斷，是大量的實驗(experiments)排除了孩子們誤解所提問問題的可能性。A. instructions命令；B. descriptions說明；C. experiments實驗；D. assumptions假設。
54.【答案】A
【解析】根據(jù)上一句…… ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked 可知，這些年幼的實驗對象并沒有誤解所提問題，即他們能夠理解(comprehend)被提問的問題。A. comprehended理解；B. predicted預測；C. explored探索；D. ignored忽略。
55.【答案】D
【解析】由本句冒號前的半句The results were clear…可推斷，實驗結(jié)果是清楚、確切的，受試兒童們完全(exactly)明白他們被提問到的問題。exactly在此有表示強調(diào)的意味。A. partly部分地；B. honestly誠實地；C. vaguely含糊地；D. exactly確切地。
56.【答案】A
【解析】由上文可知，受試兒童們被反復問及一系列問題，并對這些問題一-做出答復(responses)。A. responses回答；B. approaches方法；C. contribution貢獻；D. sensitivity敏感性。
57.【答案】B
【解析】本空后的that在此引導同位語從句，下文引號中的 … I can see you only if you can see me,too.是一種“看法”，而非“能力”“身份”或“目的，故 belief符合語境。A. ability能力；B. belief看法；C. identity身份；D. purpose目的。
58.【答案】C
【解析】根據(jù)上文實驗中受試兒童們一以貫之的相同答復可知，他們始終堅持(insist on)相信與他人之間的“相互認可和關(guān)注”。A. hold back阻止；B. relate to有關(guān)聯(lián)；C. insist on堅持；D. make up彌補。
59. 【答案】D
【解析】本段最后兩句是實驗結(jié)論，由此可推斷，suggest前的空白處應填與實驗結(jié)果相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，findings 符合語境。A. limitations限制；B. requirements必要條件；C. theories理論；D. findings調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)。
60. 【答案】D
【解析】按照本段所提及兒童的看法“只有當你也能看到我時，我才能看見你”，當別人把毯子蒙到頭上時，對方是看不見自己的，因而自己也看不到對方，在這種情況下，躲藏就“成功”了。因此，在這些兒童看來，這種方法是有效的(effective)。另外，從文章第三段中的 this ineffective hiding method也可得到提示。A. tentative實驗性的；B. impressive令人印象深刻的；C. creative創(chuàng)造性的；D. effective有效的。
Passage 03（2022年甲卷）
You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs.
For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their ___41___ was nearly enough to keep my loneliness at bay. Nearly. Last year, I started dating, but with ___42___. When I first dated Steve, I ___43___ he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was ___44___ that he was an animal lover, I ___45___ that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack ___46___, the cat.
The next week we ___47___ our dogs together. It was a hot day. When we paused to catch our ___48___, Steve got down on one knee. Was he proposing (求婚)? I liked him too, but so ___49___? He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. _____50_____, I began to fall for him.
We _____51_____ to date, though neither of us brought up the future. And then in late November, Tilly had an operation on her _____52_____. I took the dogs out four times a day, and I worried that Tilly _____53_____ climbing the stairs could reopen the wound. Then Steve _____54_____ his house. All worked _____55_____. The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching, _____56_____ Flora’s space; Steve and I formed a good team _____57_____ for Tilly. We made good housemates.
A year later, much to my _____58_____, this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. He did not kneel (跪) down, nor did I _____59_____ him to. That’s only for giving _____60_____ to the dogs that brought us together.
41. A. ownership B. membership C. companionship D. leadership
42. A. reservations B. expectations C. confidence D. prejudice
43. A. feared B. doubted C. hoped D. learned
44. A. unsatisfied B. amused C. terrified D. thrilled
45. A. predicted B. worried C. regretted D. insisted
46. A. Flora B. Chance C. Molly D. Tilly
47. A. tied B. walked C. bathed D. fed
48. A. breath B. balance C. attention D. imagination
49. A. calm B. sure C. soon D. real
50. A. By the way B. In that case C. By all means D. In that moment
51. A. continued B. decided C. intended D. pretended
52. A. eye B. tail C. ear D. leg
53. A. secretly B. constantly C. eventually D. unwillingly
54. A. left B. sold C. suggested D. searched
55. A. late B. hard C. fine D. free
56. A. emptied B. respected C. occupied D. discovered
57. A. looking B. caring C. waiting D. calling
58. A. delight B. credit C. interest D. disadvantage
59. A. beg B. trust C. need D. aid
60. A. toys B. awards C. food D. water
體裁： 記敘文 主題：人與自然--自然生態(tài)--人與動植物
【語篇導讀】 作者講述了她和男友通過寵物相識相知和相愛的過程。作者通過男友對待寵物的方式，確定了男友是可以托付終身的人，最終答應了他的求婚。
41.【答案】C
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它們的陪伴幾乎足以讓我遠離孤獨。A. ownership所有權(quán)；B. membership會員；C. companionship陪伴；D. leadership領(lǐng)導。由上文的“For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. (多年來，我喜歡和我的狗Tilly和Chance生活在一起)”可知，作者多年和狗狗生活在一起，可得出狗狗陪伴著作者，讓作者遠離孤獨。故選C項。
42.【答案】A
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：去年，我開始約會，但有所保留。A. reservations保留；B. expectations期望；C. confidence信心；D. prejudice偏見。由下文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，遞給我的狗)”和“I began to fall for him (我開始愛上他)”可知，作者是在第二周和史蒂夫一起遛狗時，因為史蒂夫把水給自己的愛犬喝，作者才對史蒂夫產(chǎn)生好感，可得出剛開始約會時，因為不熟悉史蒂夫的品行，作者還是有所保留的。故選A項。
43.【答案】D
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當我第一次和史蒂夫約會時，我得知他有一條名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的貓。A. feared恐懼；B. doubted懷疑；C. hoped希望；D. learned得知。由上文的“When I first dated Steve (當我第一次和史蒂夫約會時)”和常識可知，第一次約會會得知對方相關(guān)情況，作者從而得知史蒂夫有一只狗和一只貓。故選D項。
44.【答案】D
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我很高興他是一個動物愛好者，但我擔心三條狗可能太多了，我的狗可能會攻擊貓Flora。A. unsatisfied不滿意的；B. amused愉快的；C. terrified害怕的；D. thrilled非常開心的。由下文的“he was an animal lover (他是一個動物愛好者)”可知，得知史蒂夫是一個動物愛好者，多年和兩只愛犬生活在一起的作者應該是感到愉快高興。故選D項。
45.【答案】B
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我很高興他是一個動物愛好者，但我擔心三條狗可能太多了，我的狗可能會攻擊貓Flora。A. predicted預測；B. worried擔心；C. regretted后悔；D. insisted堅持。由下文的“three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack 6 the cat (三條狗可能太多了，我的狗可能會攻擊貓)”可知，作者認為三條狗可能太多了，且自己的狗可能會攻擊史蒂夫的貓，針對這種情況，作者是擔憂的。故選B項。
46.【答案】A
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我很高興他是一個動物愛好者，但我擔心三條狗可能太多了，我的狗可能會攻擊貓Flora。A. Flora弗洛拉；B. Chance機會；C. Molly莫莉；D. Tilly蒂莉。選項指的是文中動物名詞。由上文的“he had a dog, Molly, and a car, Flora (他有一條名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的貓)”可知，此處指作者擔心自己的狗可能會攻擊史蒂夫的貓Flora。故選A項。
47.【答案】B
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：第二周，我們一起遛狗。A. tied系；B. walked牽著（動物）走；C. bathed沐浴；D. fed喂養(yǎng)。由本處的“ 7 our dogs together (一起……我們的狗)”以及下文“When we paused”可知，作者和史蒂夫在一起遛狗。故選B項。
48.【答案】A
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當我們停下來休息時，史蒂夫單膝跪下。A. breath呼吸；B. balance平衡；C. attention注意力；D. imagination想象。由上文“It was a hot day. When we paused (那是一個炎熱的日子。當我們停下)”可知，那天很熱，遛狗的二人停下來休息一下，catch one’s breath (休息一下、歇一口氣)。 故選A項。
49.【答案】C
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我也喜歡他，但這么快嗎？A. calm冷靜的；B. sure確定的；C. soon很快的；D real真正的。由上文的“The next week (第二周)”和“Was he proposing (求婚)? (他在求婚嗎)”可知，二人才認識兩周，作者以為史蒂夫要向自己求婚，認為進展太快了。故選C項。
50.【答案】D
【解析】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：就在那一刻，我開始愛上他。A. By the way順便說一句；B. In that case那樣的話；C. By all means務必；D. In that moment那一刻。由上文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，遞給我的狗)”和下文的“I began to fall for him (我開始愛上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把水給作者愛犬喝的那一刻，還有所保留的作者卸下心防，對史蒂夫產(chǎn)生好感。故選D項。
51.【答案】A
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們繼續(xù)約會，雖然我們都沒有提到未來。A. continued繼續(xù)；B. decided決定；C. intended打算；D. pretended假裝。由上文的“I began to fall for him (我開始愛上他)”可知，作者對史蒂夫產(chǎn)生好感，可得出二人會繼續(xù)約會。故選A項。
52.【答案】D
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：11月下旬，Tilly的腿做了一次手術(shù)。A. eye眼睛；B. tail尾巴；C. ear耳朵；D. leg腿。由下文的“I worried that Tilly 13 climbing the stairs could reopen the wound (我擔心Tilly爬樓梯會使傷口重新裂開)”可知，作者擔心爬樓會影響Tilly的傷口，可得出Tilly的腿做了手術(shù)。故選D項。
53. 【答案】B
【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我一天帶狗出去四次，我擔心Tilly不斷地爬樓梯會使傷口重新裂開。A. secretly秘密地；B. constantly不斷地；C. eventually最終；D. unwillingly不情愿地。由上文的“I took the dogs out four times a day (我一天帶狗出去四次)”可知，作者一天帶狗出去四次，可得出狗狗（包括Tilly）要不斷地爬樓梯。故選B項。
54.【答案】C
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后史蒂夫離開了他的家。A. left離開；B. sold賣；C. suggested建議，推薦；D. searched搜尋。由下文的“We made good housemates. (我們是很好的室友)”可知，二人成為室友?？梢酝茢喑鰜?，因為害怕作者的狗爬樓梯不方便，所以建議作者搬過去一起住。故選C項。
55.【答案】C
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一切都很好。A. late晚的；B. hard困難的；C. fine好的；D. free自由的。由下文的“The three dogs formed a pack (這三條狗組成了一個團隊)”和“Steve and I formed a good team (史蒂夫和我組成了一個好團隊)”“We made good housemates. (我們是很好的室友)”可知，狗狗相處友好，作者和史蒂夫相處也友好，可得出一切都好。故選C項。
56. 【答案】B
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這三條狗組成了一個團隊，在訓練下，尊重Flora的空間；史蒂夫和我組成了一個照顧Tilly的好團隊。A. emptied清空；B. respected尊重；C. occupied占據(jù)；D. discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)。由上文的“my dogs might attack 6 , the cat (我的狗可能會攻擊貓)”和“The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching (這三條狗組成了一個團隊，在訓練下)”可知，起初作者擔心自己的狗會攻擊史蒂夫的貓Flora，但作者的狗和史蒂夫的狗相處友好，可得出在訓練下，狗不會去攻擊貓，結(jié)合動物的領(lǐng)地意識可知，此處指狗尊重貓的空間。故選B項。
57.【答案】B
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這三條狗組成了一個團隊，在訓練下，尊重Flora的空間；史蒂夫和我組成了一個照顧Tilly的好團隊。A. looking看；B. caring照顧；C. waiting等待；D. calling打電話。由上文的“Tilly had an operation (Tilly做了一次手術(shù))”可知，作者的狗Tilly做過手術(shù)，史蒂夫和作者一起居住后，和作者一起照顧術(shù)后康復的Tilly。故選B項。
58.【答案】A
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一年后，令我非常高興的是，這個男人拿出一個帶戒指的小盒子向我求婚。A. delight高興；B. credit信用；C. interest興趣；D. disadvantage缺點。由下文的“this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me (這個男人拿出一個帶戒指的小盒子向我求婚)”可知，史蒂夫向作者求婚，作者應該是C感到高興。故選A項。
59.【答案】C
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他沒有下跪，我也不需要他下跪。A. beg乞求；B. trust信任；C. need需要；D. aid幫助。由上文的“He did not kneel (跪) down (他沒有跪下)”和常識可知，一般求婚是要下跪的，但史蒂夫沒有下跪，作者對此并不在意，因為作者不需要他下跪。故選C項。
60.【答案】D
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：正是給愛犬喝水的舉動把我們帶到一起。A. toys玩具；B. awards獎勵；C. food食物；D. water水。由上文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. 10 , I began to fall for him. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，遞給我的狗。我開始愛上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把水給作者愛犬喝的那一刻，還有所保留的作者卸下心防，對史蒂夫產(chǎn)生好感，所以是“給愛犬喝水”的舉動讓二人走到了一起。故選D項。

【模擬過關(guān)】
Text 01（2022·新疆烏魯木齊·三模）
We were in for a whole new way of life when we moved to a horse farm in Winchester,Kentucky. One of the ___1___ parts of the move was getting to know the people in this small community. Even before we left Florida we had a(n) ___2___ of the friendliness of the residents and their ___3___ to help even strangers like us. “Your lower field is flooded,” was the first ___4___ we received in Florida from the former owner of the farm.
So we knew about the ___5___ before we moved, but we didn’t figure on how much it would ___6___ us once we arrived. Every time we went to town we passed those fences, ___7___face down. The trouble was that we didn’t own a ___8___ .
One day, our neighbor said, “I ___9___ to put my cattle in another field for a while. If I use my tractor and _____10_____ your fence, could I use your lower _____11_____ ?”It _____12_____ that we needed him and he needed us. Soon, not only were our fences fixed, but his cattle kept the field _____13_____ and clean. “Isn’t it _____14_____ how we need each other and can each _____15_____ the needs of the other?” I said to my husband.
One night our neighbor asked my husband, “Want to ride with me to _____16_____ my farm?“ So my husband did. When he _____17_____ home, he walked in, smiled and said, “Do you know what? He didn’t need our fields at all. He has 150 acres not even being _____18_____ !” I went to sleep that night thinking about the _____19_____ in our new community and how our new neighbor found a way to help us by _____20_____ he needed us.
1．A．smooth B．best C．realistic D．a(chǎn)wkward
2．A．description B．explanation C．preview D．a(chǎn)ssumption
3．A．willingness B．determination C．plan D．promise
4．A．call B．gift C．greeting D．congratulation
5．A．community B．damage C．owner D．weather
6．A．a(chǎn)muse B．surprise C．confuse D．bother
7．A．standing B．sinking C．falling D．lying
8．A．farm B．tractor C．fence D．cattle
9．A．choose B．forget C．need D．refuse
10．A．fix B．decorate C．clean D．break
11．A．roof B．ground C．field D．town
12．A．happened B．mattered C．remained D．seemed
13．A．peaceful B．neat C．safe D．useful
14．A．wonderful B．certain C．strange D．common
15．A．replace B．discover C．maintain D．supply
16．A．check on B．open up C．take over D．look into
17．A．went B．left C．came D．stayed
18．A．ignored B．used C．a(chǎn)bandoned D．saved
19．A．coincidence B．change C．cooperation D．kindness
20．A．a(chǎn)dmitting B．realizing C．claiming D．proving
【導語】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者搬到農(nóng)場后受到好心的鄰居幫助渡過難關(guān)的事情。
1．【答案】B
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這次搬家最棒的部分之一是認識這個小社區(qū)的人。A. smooth光滑的;B. best最好的;C. realistic實際的;D. awkward尷尬的。根據(jù)下文“getting to know the people in this small community.”可知，認識這個小社區(qū)的人是這次搬家最棒的部分之一，故選B。
2．【答案】C
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：甚至在我們離開佛羅里達州之前，我們就預演(提前感受到)了當?shù)鼐用竦挠押脩B(tài)度，以及他們愿意幫助像我們這樣的陌生人的意愿。A. description描述;B. explanation解釋;C. preview預演;D. assumption假設。根據(jù)下文“of the friendliness of the residents and their???willingness to help even strangers like us.”可知，在我們離開佛羅里達州之前，我們就預演(提前感受到)了當?shù)鼐用竦挠押脩B(tài)度，以及他們愿意幫助像我們這樣的陌生人的意愿，下文提到的農(nóng)場前主人打電話告訴我們低地被淹了就是一個具體的例子，故選C。
3．【答案】A
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. willingness意愿、樂意;B. determination決心;C. plan計劃;D. promise承諾。與前面“the friendliness of the residents”(當?shù)鼐用竦挠押脩B(tài)度)并列的應該是“他們愿意幫助陌生人的意愿”，故選A。
4．【答案】A
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“你的低地被淹了，”這是我們在佛羅里達州接到的農(nóng)場前主人的第一個電話。A. call電話;B. gift禮物;C. greeting問候;D. congratulation祝賀。上文“Your lower field is flooded”是電話的具體內(nèi)容，故選A。
5．【答案】B
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，我們在搬家之前就知道了損失，但我們不知道一到那兒后，會有多大的麻煩。A. community社區(qū);B. damage損害、損失;C. owner主人;D. weather天氣。上文“Your lower field is flooded”(你的低地被淹了)是一種損失，故選B。
6．【答案】D
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. amuse逗樂;B. surprise使驚訝;C. confuse使困惑;?????D. bother煩擾、麻煩。上文“Your lower field is flooded”(你的低地被淹了)是一種損失，會給農(nóng)場的新主人帶來不小的麻煩，故選D。
7．【答案】D
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每次進鎮(zhèn)，我們都會低著臉穿過那些柵欄。A. standing站立;B. sinking下沉;C. falling跌落;D. lying朝……的方向、平躺。根據(jù)下文“The trouble was that we didn’t own a tractor.”可知，沒有拖拉機就修不了柵欄，這是一件讓我們很為難的事情，所以我們走路的時候低著臉，旨在突出我們的為難與一籌莫展，故選D。
8．【答案】B
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：問題是我們沒有拖拉機。A. farm農(nóng)場;B. tractor拖拉機;C. fence圍欄;D. cattle牛。根據(jù)下文“If I use my tractor and fix your fence”可知此處指“拖拉機”，沒有拖拉機就修不了被淹的柵欄，故選B。
9．【答案】C
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有一天，我們的鄰居說：“我需要把我的牛放在另一塊地上一段時間。如果我用我的拖拉機修理你的籬笆，我能用你的低地嗎?”A. choose選擇;B. forget忘記;C. need需要;D. refuse拒絕。根據(jù)下文“to put my cattle in another field for a while.”可知，鄰居說他需要把自家的牛放在另一塊地上一段時間，故選C。
10．【答案】A
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. fix固定、修理;B. decorate裝飾;C. clean打掃;D. break折斷。根據(jù)上文的講述可知，我們的低地被淹了，柵欄被水泡爛了，需要修理，下文的“not only were our fences fixed”也是提示，故選A。
11．【答案】C
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. roof屋頂;B. ground地面;C. field田地;D. town鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)。上文的“l(fā)ower field”原詞復現(xiàn)，此處指“低地”，故選C。
12．【答案】D
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：看來(似乎)我們需要他，他也需要我們。A. happened發(fā)生、碰巧;B. mattered要緊;C. remained保持;D. seemed似乎。根據(jù)下文“that we needed him and he needed us.”可知，似乎我們都彼此需要，故選D。
13．【答案】B
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：很快，我們的籬笆不僅修好了，他的牛還保持了田地的干凈整潔。A. peaceful平靜的;B. neat整齊的、整潔的;C. safe安全的;D. useful有用的。與后面clean(干凈的)并列的自然是neat(整潔的)，故選B。
14．【答案】A
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們彼此需要，彼此又能滿足對方的需求(提供對方所需)，這難道不是很好的事情嗎?A. wonderful極好的;B. certain確定的;C. strange奇怪的;D. common共同的。根據(jù)下文“we need each other and can each supply the needs of the other”可知，我們彼此需要，彼此又能滿足對方的需求，這是一件很好的事情，故選A。
15．【答案】A
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：A. replace代替;B. discover發(fā)現(xiàn);C. maintain維持;D. supply供應。根據(jù)上文講述的“鄰居幫我修低地的柵欄，修好后我又把低地借給他用”可知，我們彼此提供對方所需，故選D。
16．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：一天晚上，鄰居問我丈夫：“想和我一起坐車去看看我的農(nóng)場嗎?A. check on檢查、核實;B. open up打開;C. take over接管;D. look into調(diào)查。下文“He didn’t need our fields at all. He has 150 acres not even being used!”是丈夫檢查鄰居農(nóng)場后的發(fā)現(xiàn)，故選A。
17．【答案】C
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當他回到家時，他走了進來，微笑著說：“你知道嗎?他根本不需要我們的田地。他有150英畝土地甚至沒有被使用過!” A. went去;B. left離開;C. came來;D. stayed呆。根據(jù)上文“Want to ride with me to check on my farm?”可知，丈夫和鄰居一起去看他家的農(nóng)場了，此處是說看完后回到家，故選C。
18．【答案】B
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：A. ignored忽視;B. used使用;C. abandoned遺棄;D. saved節(jié)省。根據(jù)上文“He didn’t need our fields at all.”可知，鄰居根本不需要我們的田地，因為他有150英畝土地甚至沒有被使用過，他只是想找個不讓我們感到難為情的理由來幫助我們，故選B。
19．【答案】D
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那天晚上睡覺的時候，我一直在想我們新社區(qū)里的善意，想著我們的新鄰居是如何通過聲稱他需要我們來幫助我們的。A. coincidence巧合;B. change變化;C. cooperation合作;D. kindness善良、好意。根據(jù)上文的講述可知，好心的鄰居用自家的拖拉機幫我們修好了被水泡爛的柵欄，這是一種善意的行為，故選D。
20．【答案】C
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. admitting承認;B. realizing意識到;C. claiming???????聲稱;D. proving證明是。根據(jù)上文“One day, our neighbor said, "I need to put my cattle in another field for a while. If I use my tractor and fix your fence, could I use your lower field ?”可知，鄰居說他需要我們其實只是為了找到一個不讓我們感到難為情的理由來幫助我們，故選C。
Text 02（2022·江西省臨川第二中學一模）
It was a normal morning in March. Sondra Artis had just ___21___ the last student on her route.
As heading towards the school, Sondra noticed a burning smell. She ___22___ the bus window to see if it was fogging up from condensation（凝結(jié)）or if it was ___23___ . When a student asked her what was ___24___ , she did her best to hide her growing ___25___ .
Sondra pulled into a parking lot and turned to face the 20 students on ___26___ . She reminded them of the evacuation（疏散） ___27___ they once performed and directed them to leave through the doors.
“I told the kids that, ‘You know, we ___28___ at the beginning of the year, but this is going to be ___29___ , so I need you to be calm,’” said Sondra.
The students hurried to the ____30____ as smoke began to fill the bus. They were ____31____ , but Sondra remained calm. When they were out, she went back onto the bus to make sure everyone left ____32____ .
Seconds after they all ____33____ , the bus caught fire. Another bus came to the ____34____ to take the children away, and Sondra was left ____35____ that everything worked out okay.
The bus can be ____36____ , but human life cannot. The parents were incredibly ____37____ for her grace under fire. She's being considered as a ____38____ , and many of her students would like to see her ____39____ for her heroism.
“Sondra is a very good bus driver，”said a student. “She ____40____ a reward.”
21．A．sent away B．turned down C．seen off D．picked up
22．A．repaired B．wiped C．tapped D．opened
23．A．steam B．smoke C．fog D．dust
24．A．wrong B．lucky C．necessary D．urgent
25．A．a(chǎn)nger B．curiosity C．embarrassment D．worry
26．A．duty B．guard C．board D．vacation
27．A．a(chǎn)dvantages B．drills C．signals D．secrets
28．A．met B．separated C．promised D．practiced
29．A．early B．a(chǎn)mazing C．real D．new
30．A．exits B．teacher C．windows D．lifesaver
31．A．excited B．tired C．scared D．optimistic
32．A．hurriedly B．safely C．firstly D．a(chǎn)ctively
33．A．hid B．landed C．sat D．escaped
34．A．scene B．school C．park D．destination
35．A．searching B．studying C．thanking D．counting
36．A．replaced B．exchanged C．burnt D．controlled
37．A．eager B．famous C．grateful D．qualified
38．A．student B．leader C．driver D．hero
39．A．rewarded B．excused C．a(chǎn)pologized D．forgiven
40．A．offers B．deserves C．demands D．establishes
【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了一位校車司機在發(fā)現(xiàn)車里有異味后，迅速判斷汽車狀況后冷靜地疏散孩子們下車，挽救了一車人性命的故事。
21．【答案】D
【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：Sondra Artis剛接了路上最后一個學生。A. sent away派遣；B. turned down拒絕；C. seen off送行；D. picked up接人。根據(jù)下文“As heading towards the school, Sondra noticed a burning smell. She 　　2　　 the bus window to see if it was fogging up from condensation（凝結(jié)）or if it was 　　3　　 .”（在前往學校的路上，桑德拉聞到了一股燒焦的味道。她擦了擦車窗，看看是凝結(jié)的霧氣還是煙霧。）可知，Sondra Artis 是校車司機，每天接送孩子上學和回家。故事發(fā)生當天是Sondra Artis 接孩子去學校。故選D項。
22．【答案】B
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在前往學校的路上，桑德拉聞到了一股燒焦的味道。她擦了擦車窗，看看是凝結(jié)的霧氣還是煙霧。A. repaired修理；B. wiped擦除；C. tapped輕拍；D. opened打開。根據(jù)“the bus window”（校車窗戶）及句意，此處意指Sondra Artis 擦了擦窗戶看看是不是水汽或者煙霧。故選B項。
23．【答案】B
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在前往學校的路上，桑德拉聞到了一股燒焦的味道。她擦了擦車窗，看看是凝結(jié)的霧氣還是煙霧。A. steam蒸汽；B. smoke煙；C. fog霧；D. dust灰塵。根據(jù)前文“As heading towards the school, Sondra noticed a burning smell.”（在前往學校的路上，桑德拉聞到了一股燒焦的味道。）可知，校車出現(xiàn)了問題，她擦了擦窗戶確認是不是水汽，或者哪里燃燒了出現(xiàn)了煙霧。故選B項。
24．【答案】A
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當一個學生問她出了什么事時，她盡力掩飾她不斷增長的擔憂。A. wrong錯誤的；B. lucky幸運的；C. necessary必要的；D. urgent急迫的。根據(jù)前文“As heading towards the school, Sondra noticed a burning smell.”（在前往學校的路上，桑德拉聞到了一股燒焦的味道。）可知，校車出現(xiàn)了問題，學生問她校車怎么了。故選A項。
25．【答案】D
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當一個學生問她出了什么事時，她盡力掩飾她不斷增長的擔憂。A. anger生氣；B. curiosity好奇；C.embarrassment尷尬；D. worry擔憂。根據(jù)前文“As heading towards the school, Sondra noticed a burning smell.”（在前往學校的路上，桑德拉聞到了一股燒焦的味道。）可知，校車出現(xiàn)了問題，作為校車司機的桑德拉此時非常擔憂。故選D項。
26．【答案】C
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：桑德拉把車開到停車場，轉(zhuǎn)身面對車上的20名學生。A. duty義務；B. guard保衛(wèi)；C. board板子；D. vacation假期。根據(jù)前文可知，事發(fā)時是桑德拉開校車把孩子送到學校的路上，所以現(xiàn)在車上有20個學生。此處考查短語“on board”（在車上）。故選C項。
27．【答案】B
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她提醒他們曾經(jīng)進行過的疏散演習，并指導他們從門里離開。A. advantages優(yōu)勢；B. drills演習；C. signals信號；D. secrets秘密。根據(jù)句意及“evacuation”（疏散）可知，此處桑德拉讓學生們想想之前在學校進行過的疏散演習是怎樣的。故選B項。
28．【答案】D
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：桑德拉說：“我告訴孩子們，‘你們知道，我們在今年年初就練習了，但這將是真實的，所以我需要你們冷靜?！盇. met遇見；B. separated分開；C. promised承諾；D. practiced練習。根據(jù)上文“She reminded them of the evacuation（疏散） 　　7　　 they once performed and directed them to leave through the doors. ”（她提醒他們曾經(jīng)進行過的疏散演習，并指導他們從門里離開。）可知，他們學校今年年初進行了疏散演練。故選D項。
29．【答案】C
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：桑德拉說：“我告訴孩子們，‘你們知道，我們在今年年初就練習了，但這次將是真實的，所以我需要你們冷靜。’”A. early早的；B. amazing令人驚訝的；C. real真的；D. new新的。此處意指他們學校年初進行的是疏散演習，但是這一次校車是真的出現(xiàn)的問題。故選C項。
30．【答案】A
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當煙霧開始彌漫汽車時，學生們急忙向出口跑去。A. exits出口；B. teacher老師；C. windows窗戶；D. lifesaver救生員。根據(jù)后文“When they were out, she went back onto the bus to make sure everyone left ___12___ .”（當他們出去后，她回到車上，確保每個人都安全離開了。）可知，學生們都從校車的車門快速疏散出去了。故選A項。
31．【答案】C
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們很害怕，但桑德拉保持冷靜。A. excited興奮的；B. tired勞累的；C. scared害怕的；D. optimistic樂觀的。根據(jù)文意及“but Sondra remained calm”（但桑德拉保持冷靜）可知，孩子們現(xiàn)在非常的害怕。故選C項。
32．【答案】B
【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當他們出去后，她回到車上，確保每個人都安全離開了。A. hurriedly急切地；B. safely安全地；C. firstly首先；D. actively積極地。根據(jù)常識可知，此處意指桑德拉返回校車看看是否每個學生都安全地撤離出現(xiàn)事故的校車了。故選B項。
33．【答案】D
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們都逃出來幾秒鐘后，校車就著火了。A. hid躲藏；B. landed降落；C. sat坐；D. escaped逃脫。根據(jù)上文“When they were out, she went back onto the bus to make sure everyone left ___12___ .”（當他們出去后，她回到車上，確保每個人都安全離開了。）可知，學生們都已經(jīng)離開了校車，脫離了危險境地。故選D項。
34．【答案】A
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：另一輛校車來到現(xiàn)場把孩子們帶走，桑德拉感謝一切順利。A. scene場景；B. school學校；C. park公園；D. destination目的地。根據(jù)文意及“another bus”（另一輛校車）可知，此處意指另一輛校車來到現(xiàn)場把學生們都安全地帶到學校了。故選A項。
35．【答案】C
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：另一輛校車來到現(xiàn)場把孩子們帶走，桑德拉感謝一切順利。A. searching搜尋；B. studying學習；C. thanking感謝；D. counting計數(shù)。根據(jù)“everything worked out okay”（一切都順利）以及桑德拉是一位校車司機，遇到校車事故，但是安全地把學生都從事故車中疏散出來，沒有出現(xiàn)任何問題，所以她很感激一切順利。故選C項。
36．【答案】A
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：校車可以換新的，但人的生命不能。A. replaced替換；B. exchanged交換；C. burnt燃燒；D. controlled控制。根據(jù)上文校車損壞了以及“but human life cannot”（但是人的生命不能）可知，此處意指校車損壞了，可以換一輛新的。故選A項。
37．【答案】C
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：學生的父母非常感激她在火災中表現(xiàn)出的優(yōu)雅。A. eager渴望；B. famous著名的；C. grateful感激的；D. qualified合格的。桑德拉成功地將每一位學生安全地疏散出事故校車，沒有一位學生受到傷害，所以家長非常感激桑德拉。故選C項。
38．【答案】D
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她被認為是一個英雄，她的許多學生都希望看到她的英雄行為得到回報。A. student學生；B. leader領(lǐng)導；C. driver司機；D. hero英雄。根據(jù)前文“The parents were incredibly 　　17　　 for her grace under fire.”（學生的父母非常感激她在火災中表現(xiàn)出的優(yōu)雅。）可知，桑德拉在校車事故中的表現(xiàn)令大家非常欽佩，認為她是一位英雄。故選D項。
39．【答案】A
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她被認為是一個英雄，她的許多學生都希望看到她的英雄行為得到回報。A. rewarded獎勵，回報；B. excused原諒；C. apologized道歉；D. forgiven原諒。根據(jù)后文““Sondra is a very good bus driver, ”said a student. “She ___20___ a reward.””（一位學生說:“桑德拉是個很好的校車司機。她應該得到獎賞。”）可知，桑德拉的英雄行為讓大家都認為她應該得到獎賞。故選A項。
40．【答案】B
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一位學生說:“桑德拉是個很好的校車司機。她應該得到獎賞?！盇. offers提供；B. deserves值得；C. demands要求；D. establishes建立。根據(jù)上文“She's being considered as a 　　18　　 , and many of her students would like to see her 　　19　　 for her heroism.”（她被認為是一個英雄，她的許多學生都希望看到她的英雄行為得到回報。）可知，大家都因為她在校車事故中的表現(xiàn)而應該得到回報。故選B項。
Text 03（2022·天津市新華中學模擬預測）
I Still Look for Patches
Aren’t we lucky, when we had a childhood friend willing to be our everlasting, faithful companion(同伴)？I can still remember the day I met my special ____41____ .
One spring evening, my mother and I patiently waited for my father to come home. His____42____ in the doorway made no clear impression on my mind. Suddenly, I heard a____43____ “Yip”. “Did I hear something? Daddy, please tell me. What was that?”
As he____44____ his pocket he answered, “Nothing. It was only my pocket.” The look on my face must have been a sign of____45____.
“Amy!” Softly, daddy called.
I slowly turned around to look at daddy’s____46____. There, crawled in his palm was a little dog. ____47____ several brown spots on her white fur, I named her, “Patches(斑點).”
Patches became a____48____ and blame taker. If I was troubled, I could depend on her two ears to listen____49____ to everything I had to say. If unfortunately I broke a glass, my trusting companion would willingly_____50_____ responsibility. Her_____51_____ devotion(奉獻) only made it hard to separate from her.
When I was about 10, my family moved into a house which wasn’t_____52_____ enough to contain a dog. Sadly, we had to_____53_____ her. My auntie, owning a house with vast pieces of land, _____54_____ her.
I can still remember her eyes_____55_____ at me forlornly(可憐地) as she left. The_____56_____ in her eyes will be with me forever.
I saw her once or twice before she_____57_____. Until my dying day, I shall always expect to see her. I believe that, to this very day, she is still trying to find her way back to her true home. Because I have no_____58_____ that she died, I continue to have faith. The picture is_____59_____ in my mind: a thin white dog comes jumping up, _____60_____ me in loving dog kisses.
41．A．friend B．dog C．neighbor D．relative
42．A．a(chǎn)bsence B．a(chǎn)ppearance C．performance D．confidence
43．A．clear B．loud C．small D．weak
44．A．looked up B．found out C．reached into D．took away
45．A．excitement B．sadness C．disappointment D．pleasure
46．A．leg B．hand C．foot D．face
47．A．Because of B．Instead of C．In spite of D．In case of
48．A．trouble maker B．baby sitter C．risker taker D．good listener
49．A．wisely B．carefully C．positively D．unwillingly
50．A．a(chǎn)void B．a(chǎn)llow C．take D．face
51．A．faithful B．powerful C．fearful D．wonderful
52．A．cool B．clean C．large D．bright
53．A．make use of B．take care of C．look out of D．get rid of
54．A．caught B．a(chǎn)dopted C．bought D．refused
55．A．seeing B．staring C．watching D．smiling
56．A．joy B．a(chǎn)nger C．pain D．strength
57．A．disappeared B．ran C．returned D．fell
58．A．doubt B．idea C．problem D．proof
59．A．unclear B．colorful C．creative D．vivid
60．A．watering B．hugging C．bathing D．following
【導語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者一位特殊的兒童玩伴，一條名為“斑點”的狗。由于搬家，地方不夠大，那條狗最終送給了別人，但是作者依然對她念念不忘。
41．【答案】A
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我還記得見到我特別的朋友的那一天。A. friend朋友；B. dog狗；C. neighbor鄰居；D. relative親戚。根據(jù)前句“Aren’t we lucky, when we had a childhood friend willing to be our everlasting, faithful companion(同伴)?”（當我們有一個兒時的朋友愿意成為我們永恒的、忠實的伙伴時，難道我們不幸運嗎?）可知，此處是指作者見到自己朋友的那天。故選A項。
42．【答案】B
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他在門口的出現(xiàn)在我腦海中沒有留下清晰的印象。A. absence缺席；B. appearance出現(xiàn)；C. performance表演；D. confidence自信。根據(jù)前句“One spring evening, my mother and I patiently waited for my father to come home.”（一個春天的傍晚，我和媽媽耐心地等待爸爸回家。）可知，作者的爸爸要回來家了，然后出現(xiàn)在了家門口。故選B項。
43．【答案】D
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，我聽到一聲微弱的“呸”。A. clear清楚的；B. loud大聲的；C. small小的；D. weak微弱的。根據(jù)后句“Did I hear something? Daddy, please tell me. What was that?”（“我聽到什么聲音了嗎?” 爸爸，請告訴我。 那是什么?”）可知，小狗發(fā)出的聲音很微弱，我沒有聽清楚。故選D項。
44．【答案】C
【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他把手伸進口袋，回答說:“沒什么。 那只是我的口袋?！盇. looked up查找；B. found out查明；C. reached into伸手去拿；D. took away帶走。根據(jù)句意，此處意指作者的爸爸把手伸進口袋去拿小狗。故選C項。
45．【答案】C
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我臉上肯定是失望的表情。A. excitement興奮；B. sadness悲傷；C. disappointment失望；D. pleasure開心。根據(jù)前文“Did I hear something? Daddy, please tell me. What was that?”（“我聽到什么聲音了嗎?” 爸爸，請告訴我。 那是什么?”）可知，作者帶著期盼的心情，希望爸爸帶回來一只小狗，但是作者的爸爸卻開玩笑說沒有什么，所以作者肯定是有些失望的。故選C項。
46．【答案】B
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我慢慢地轉(zhuǎn)過身去看爸爸的手。A. leg腿；B. hand手；C. foot腳；D. face臉。根據(jù)上文As he____4____ his pocket he answered, “Nothing. It was only my pocket.”（ 他把手伸進口袋，回答說:“沒什么。 那只是我的口袋?！保┛芍髡叩陌职謴淖约旱目诖镉檬帜贸隽艘恢恍」?，所以作者看向爸爸的手。故選B項。
47．【答案】A
【解析】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：因為幾個棕色斑點在她白色的皮毛,我叫她“斑點。”A. Because of由于；B. Instead of相反；C. In spite of盡管；D. In case of萬一。根據(jù)句意，此處解釋了作者給小狗取名為斑點的原因。故選A項。
48．【答案】D
【解析】考查名詞短語辨析。句意：斑點成了一個善于傾聽和接受指責的人。A. trouble maker制造麻煩者；B. baby sitter照顧嬰孩者；C. risker taker冒險人；D. good listener善于傾聽者。根據(jù)句意及并列連詞and，可知此處作者在說明斑點是能夠傾聽自己的好朋友。故選D項。
49．【答案】B
【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我有麻煩，我可以依靠她的兩只耳朵去仔細聽我說的每一件事。A. wisely智慧地；B. carefully認真地；C. positively積極地；D. unwillingly不情愿地。根據(jù)前句“Patches became a　　8　　 and blame taker.”（斑點成了一個善于傾聽和接受指責的人。）可知，斑點是一個能夠認真傾聽我的好朋友。故選B項。
50．【答案】C
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果不幸的是，我打碎了一個玻璃杯，我信任的同伴愿意承擔責任。A. avoid避免；B. allow允許；C. take承擔；D. face面臨。根據(jù)前文“Patches became a　　8　　 and blame taker.”（斑點成了一個善于傾聽和接受指責的人。）可知，斑點是一個能夠在我制造麻煩后原因替我承擔的好朋友。故選C項。
51．【答案】A
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她忠誠的奉獻只會讓我難以與她分離。A. faithful忠誠的；B. powerful有力的；C. fearful害怕的；D. wonderful精彩的。根據(jù)前文“Patches became a　　8　　 and blame taker.”（斑點成了一個善于傾聽和接受指責的人。）可知，小狗斑點是我忠誠的朋友。故選A項。
52．【答案】C
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當我10歲的時候，我的家人搬進了一個不夠大的房子，容納不了一只狗。A. cool冷酷的；B. clean干凈的；C. large大的；D. bright明亮的。根據(jù)后文“Sadly, we had to　　13　　 her.”（不幸的是，我們不得不放棄她。）可知，作者搬到了新家，而新家不夠大，不能養(yǎng)狗了。故選C項。
53．【答案】D
【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：不幸的是，我們不得不放棄她。A. make use of利用；B. take care of照顧；C. look out of注意；D. get rid of擺脫。根據(jù)前文“When I was about 10, my family moved into a house which wasn’t　　12　　 enough to contain a dog.”（當我10歲的時候，我的家人搬進了一個不夠大的房子，容納不了一只狗。）可知，作者的新家不夠大，養(yǎng)不了狗，必須要把斑點送給別人。故選D項。
54．【答案】B
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的阿姨收養(yǎng)了她，她擁有一所擁有大片土地的房子。A. caught抓??；B. adopted收養(yǎng)；C. bought買；D. refused拒絕。根據(jù)前文“Sadly, we had to　　13　　 her.”（不幸的是，我們不得不放棄她。）可知，作者養(yǎng)不了斑點了，作者的阿姨收養(yǎng)了這條狗。故選B項。
55．【答案】B
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我還記得她離開時那雙孤獨的眼睛盯著我。A. seeing看見；B. staring盯著；C. watching看；D. smiling微笑。根據(jù)后文的forlornly(可憐地) ，可知斑點離開作者的時候，很不舍，盯著作者看。故選B項。
56．【答案】C
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她眼中的痛苦將永遠伴隨我。A. joy愉快；B. anger生氣；C. pain痛苦；D. strength力量。根據(jù)前文“I can still remember her eyes____15____ at me forlornly(可憐地) as she left.”（ 我還記得她離開時那雙孤獨的眼睛盯著我。）可知，斑點離開作者的時候很傷心，眼神充滿了痛苦。故選C項。
57．【答案】A
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她消失前我見過她一兩次。A. disappeared消失；B. ran跑；C. returned返回；D. fell掉落。根據(jù)前文，作者把斑點給了自己的阿姨收養(yǎng)，從此作者就沒怎么見過斑點了。故選A項。
58．【答案】D
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：因為我沒有證據(jù)證明她死了，所以我仍然有信心。A. doubt懷疑；B. idea想法；C. problem問題；D. proof證據(jù)。根據(jù)后句“I continue to have faith”（我仍然有信心）可知，作者并不確定斑點死亡了。故選D項。
59．【答案】D
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這幅畫面在我的腦海里是如此的生動:一只又瘦又白的狗跳了起來，讓我沐浴在狗狗的充滿愛的吻中。A. unclear不清楚；B. colorful多彩的；C. creative有創(chuàng)造力的；D. vivid生動的。根據(jù)前文，可知作者對于斑點的感情很深厚，斑點時常出現(xiàn)在作者的腦海中，所以畫面非常的清晰生動。故選D項。
60．【答案】C
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這幅畫面在我的腦海里是如此的生動:一只又瘦又白的狗跳了起來，讓我沐浴在狗狗的充滿愛的吻中。A. watering澆水；B. hugging擁抱；C. bathing沐??；D. following跟隨。根據(jù)句意及動詞搭配bath sb.in （讓某人沐浴在…中）。故選C項。

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