All rads lead t rme.
Rme was nt built in a day
羅馬城不是一天建成的。 偉業(yè)非一日之功。
All rads lead t rme. Yet, sme peple have been living there ever since they were brn.
條條大路通羅馬,而有的人生來(lái)就在羅馬。
Ancient Rme refers t the civilizatin which rse in the middle f Italian Peninsula(半島). It has experienced three stages. At its largest, the empire spanned acrss three cntinents, a ttal f tw millin square miles. Arund 20% f the glbal ppulatin resided inside its brders. Many peple believed that wrld civilizatin started in the ancient Rme.
Pmpeii, an ancient Rman city in suthwestern Italy, n the Bay f Naples, was buried beneath vlcanic ash when Munt Vesuvius erupted in the year 79. It disappeared as if the city had never existed until its rediscvery in 1748.
龐貝，意大利西南部的一座古羅馬城市，位于那不勒斯海灣，在公元79年維蘇威火山爆發(fā)時(shí)，被火山灰掩埋。在1748年被重新發(fā)現(xiàn)之前，它就像從未存在過(guò)一樣消失了。
Area f Italy affected by the eruptin f Munt Vesuvius in 79?CE
Match the main idea f each paragraph
Descriptin f Pmpeii and Munt Vesuvius
Signs befre the vlcanic eruptin
Eruptin f Munt Vesuvius
Reactins and feelings f peple
Rediscvery f the city
Fast-reading
Befre the vlcanic eruptin(setting)
During the vlcanic eruptin
After the vlcanic eruptin
Watch and answer the questin: Hw is the article rganized?
In the rder f time. With the change f places. With the develpment f feelings. All abve.
2.What is the authr’s tne when writing this text?A.Indifferent. D.Excited.
3.What type f writing is the text?A.Narrative writing.B.Argumentative writing.D.Practical writing.
Q1: What can reflect a mdel f the whle Rman Empire?Q2: What can yu see near the prt?
Read para. 1 and answer the questins.
Careful-reading
Q1: What can reflect a mdel f the whle Rman Empire?
Its little shps, tiny palaces, frums, wine bars, theatres,and the energy and skill f its peple.
Q2: What can yu see near the prt?
Trading ships brught imprts and exprts busily.Fishing bats mved in all directins rapidly.The rich had fun in the glden pleasure bats relaxedly.
Pmpeii was a ____________________ city.
The awful night rlled ______ away, and the dawn ______ brke n The Last Day Of Pmpeii! When the citizens lked upwards with__________ fear, they saw a ______ clud shting frm the peak f the vlcan. It tk the frm f a ______ tree.Then, There was a fire. This fire mved and changed in clur with very mment: nw it was bright, nw f a pale and ________ red, and nw again it burnt with an ____________ light.
unspeakable
Read paragraph 2 and fill in the blanks.
What’s the functin f these wrds?
They vividly shw that the eruptin is appraching.
Read paras. 2-4 and rearrange重新安排 the sentences abut the scene f the vlcanic eruptin in right rder.
a. The fire mved and changed in clur with every mment.b. The muntain-clud rlled near, dark and rapid, like a river. It threw ut a shwer f ashes and huge pieces f burning stne!c. A huge clud sht frm the peak f the vlcan, lking like a huge tree f fire.d. The earth began t shake and the sund f falling rfs culd be heard.e. The earthquake came.
Press the pause buttn when yu see the scenes described as listed befre.
A huge clud sht frm the peak f the vlcan, lking like a huge tree f fire. 一團(tuán)龐大的云從火山口噴薄而出，形似一株巨樹(shù)。
The fire mved and changed in clur with every mment.火焰噴涌，顏色變幻不定。
Each hurried blindly and fearfully n.每個(gè)人都驚慌失措地盲目奔逃。
The earthquake came.
Read para. 5 and answer the questin.
What was the city like after it was unearthed?
Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday; nt a single clur changed n the rich pattern f its flrs. In its frum, the half-finished clumns seemed as if just left by the wrkman's hand.
Which ne is nt referred t abut its remains unearthed?A. Fresh wallsB. Rich patterns f its flrC. Silent restrmD. Half-finished clumns
Cmpare the first and last paragraph. What effect d they create? What des the authr want t remind us?
The Last Days f Pmpeii (Excerpt)Edward Bulwer-Lyttn (1803－1873) was a talented British writer wh left his mark n the English language. His classic nvel The Last Days f Pmpeii imagines life in the ancient Rman city f Pmpeii in the year 79, when Munt Vesuvius erupted. This terrible natural disaster destryed Pmpeii cmpletely, but it als kept the ancient city as it was fr future ages. Since 1748, Pmpeii has been systematically unearthed.Tday it is an internatinal turist destinatin.
Language Pints
Such a traumatic experience was bund t leave its mark n the children. N matter what yur pinin is --- ne thing is fr sure. Harry Ptter will always leave a mark n us. 這樣的痛苦經(jīng)歷一定會(huì)長(zhǎng)期對(duì)孩子們有影響。無(wú)論你的看法如何，但有一件事是肯定的，哈里·波特在我們心中將永遠(yuǎn)留下深刻的烙印。
1 leave a / ne's mark n 給留下持久的（好或壞的）印象
Pmpeii was a typical Rman city. In its little shps, its tiny palaces, its frum, its wine bars, its theatre— in the energy and skill f its peple, yu saw a mdel f the whle Rman Empire. Trading ships bringing imprts t the city r carrying exprts verseas, alng with glden pleasure bats fr the rich, were crwded tgether in the glassy water f the prt.
龐貝是一座典型的羅馬城市。從它的一個(gè)個(gè)小商鋪、一座座小殿宇、廣場(chǎng)、酒館、劇場(chǎng)中——從龐貝人的活力和技藝中，你能看到整個(gè)古羅馬帝國(guó)的縮影。進(jìn)口貨物到城內(nèi)、出口貨物到海外的商船，以及富貴人家金燦燦的游船，齊聚在港口波光粼粼的水面上。
Trading ships bringing imprts t the city r carrying exprts verseas, alng with glden pleasure bats fr the rich, were crwded tgether in the glassy water f the prt.
trading ships
were crwded
bringing imprts t the citycarrying exprts verseas
這兩個(gè)V-ing短語(yǔ) 充當(dāng)什么句子成分？
3 當(dāng) alng with連接前后兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)該根據(jù)前面主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)來(lái)決定 (就遠(yuǎn)原則)。 此類(lèi)短語(yǔ)還有but、except、in additin t 除了、besides另外、including、like像、with、as well as、as much as差不多、tgether with、rather than等。
All but ne killed.E-mail, as well as telephnes, playing an imprtant rle in daily cmmunicatin.A wman with sme children cming sn.
The cuntry has t imprt mst f its raw materials.They dn't like eating fd imprts.
The factry imprted sme machines frm Germany last year.They imprted cffee int China.
imprt sth. frm sp. 從……進(jìn)口
imprt sth. int sp. 進(jìn)口……到……
ex- 出 港口 im- 進(jìn)
The gds n the truck will _________________ (出口到……) the US and Canada.
be exprted t
4 imprt / exprt n. & vt.
The bats f the fishermen mved rapidly in all directins. Abve all, the clud-capped tp f Munt Vesuvius appeared. Its ashy rcks, nw dark, nw light, tld a stry f past eruptins that might have warned the city what was t cme!
條條漁船向著四面八方疾行。在這一切的上方， 維蘇威火山高聳入云的山頂若隱若現(xiàn)?；鹕綆r忽明忽暗，講述著過(guò)去火山幾度噴發(fā)的故事，這本來(lái)可以警告這座城市里的人們，災(zāi)難即將降臨！
5 might have dne sth. 表示 ？“ 過(guò)去本可以做，但實(shí)際并沒(méi)有做”， 含有“輕微的責(zé)備或惋惜”之意。
She might have lst the pprtunity if her mther hadn't insisted n her ging.
要不是媽媽堅(jiān)持讓她去，她可能就失去這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)了。
I might have dne it if I had wanted t. 假如我那時(shí)要做,我可能已經(jīng)做了.
He gave me an hint f what was t cme. 他給我暗示將要發(fā)生什么事。He wept withut tears as he realized what was t cme. 他無(wú)淚地哭著，意識(shí)到接下來(lái)將發(fā)生什么。
6 be t d sth. 表示“注定”、“不可避免”“必然發(fā)生” Yu are t answer fr what yu have dne. 你必將為你所做的事承擔(dān)后果。 She didn't think t much f her laziness. Hwever, it was t be harmful t herself.她對(duì)自己的懶惰沒(méi)有想太多。然而，這必將給她帶來(lái)不利。
The awful night rlled slwly away, and the dawn greyly brke n THE LAST DAY OF POMPEII! The crwd lked upwards, and saw, with unspeakable fear,a huge clud shting frm the tp f the vlcan. It tk the frm f a huge tree: the trunk, blackness, the branches, fire! This fire mved and changed in clur with every mment: nw it was wildly bright, nw f a pale and dying red, and nw again it burnt with an unbearable light!
可怕的夜晚緩緩?fù)巳?，晦暗的晨光開(kāi)啟了龐貝城的末日！人們抬頭仰望，眼前景象讓他們感到莫名恐懼，只見(jiàn)一團(tuán)龐大的云正從火山口噴薄而出。它的形狀像一棵大樹(shù)：樹(shù)干呈黑色，樹(shù)枝是烈火！火焰翻騰著，顏色變幻不定，時(shí)而極明亮，時(shí)而又變得微弱，呈現(xiàn)熄滅之前的暗紅，時(shí)而又燒起來(lái)，放出刺眼的強(qiáng)光！
rll away The dawn breaks. with unspeakable fear sht frm see a huge clud shting frm... shting frm短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)7 take the frm f in frms f = in the frm f change in clur with every mment 顏色每時(shí)每刻在變化
呈現(xiàn)……的形狀 v. 短語(yǔ)
以……的形式 prep 短語(yǔ)
wildly adv. wildly bright pale adj. dying adj.
瘋狂地；粗暴地，野蠻地
The cluds in the sky different animals. 天空中的云以不同動(dòng)物的形式出現(xiàn)。
take the frm f
Our next class will _____________________ (采取……的形式) debate.Help mney will be welcme. (以……的形式)
in the frm f
8 “the trunk, blackness, the branches, fire” 樹(shù)干呈黑色，樹(shù)枝是烈火。 該句以省略形式呈現(xiàn)，簡(jiǎn)短的句式強(qiáng)調(diào)了火山的形態(tài)，營(yíng)造了一種火山爆發(fā)時(shí)緊張、扣人心弦的氛圍。 原句相當(dāng)于 ：The trunk is in blackness, the branches are n fire.
The heat was getting unbearable.
un-前綴① 可放在形容詞前，表示“相反的，不……的”，如： unacceptable 不能接受的 uncertain 不確定的，無(wú)把握的 unfrgettable 難忘的 unusual 非同尋常的 untidy 不整潔的 uncnscius 無(wú)知覺(jué)的，無(wú)意識(shí)的
9 unbearable adj. 難耐的，無(wú)法忍受的
③un-前綴放在動(dòng)詞前，可以表示“與原動(dòng)作相反”如： undress 脫衣 unmask 除去面具；使露出真相 und 松開(kāi)，解開(kāi)
② un-前綴放在名詞前，表示“不，非……”，如： unrest 動(dòng)亂，不安 unbalance 失去平衡，紊亂 unemplyment 失業(yè) uncertainty 無(wú)把握，不確定
The cries f wmen brke ut; the men lked at each ther, but were silent. At that mment, they felt the earth shaking beneath their feet; beynd in the distance, they heard the crash f falling rfs. A mment later, the muntain-clud seemed t rll twards them, dark and rapid, like a river; at the same time, it threw ut a shwer f ashes and huge pieces f burning stne！Over the empty streets — ver the frum — far and wide— with many a nisy crash in the strmy sea — fell that awful shwer!
女人們開(kāi)始尖叫；男人們面面相覷，卻都一言不發(fā)。 那一刻，他們感到大地在腳下晃動(dòng)；他們聽(tīng)到遠(yuǎn)處屋頂坍塌的巨響。過(guò)了片刻，山上的云團(tuán)似乎正向他們滾滾而來(lái)，陰沉迅猛，如洶涌的江水；與此同時(shí)，云團(tuán)中拋灑下陣雨似的火山灰和大塊大塊燃燒著的石頭，可怕的熔巖雨砸下來(lái)了，落在空蕩蕩的街道上、廣場(chǎng)上，到處都是，落在波濤洶涌的大海里，發(fā)出陣陣巨響。
10 break ut（戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、瘟疫、災(zāi)害等）突然開(kāi)始；爆發(fā)
break int break in break up break dwnbreak ff
闖入；打斷；插嘴
break thrugh 取得突破
11 feel the earth shaking beneath their feet; shaking beneath their feet 在句中的成分？
12 beynd in the distance, they heard ...
beynd adv. 在（或向）較遠(yuǎn)處；在另一邊 They crssed the muntains and headed fr the valleys beynd. 他們翻過(guò)山，向（山）那邊的山谷進(jìn)發(fā)。
beynd prep. 在（或向）較遠(yuǎn)處；超出；晚于；無(wú)法；超出之外
13 distance n. 遙遠(yuǎn)，久遠(yuǎn)；距離；差異；疏遠(yuǎn) distant adj. 遙遠(yuǎn)的；遠(yuǎn)處的；久遠(yuǎn)的
in the distance keep sb at a distance keep ne's distance frm...
那只狗看上去很兇，所以我決定躲遠(yuǎn)點(diǎn)。The dg lked dangerus, s I decided t _______________________ frm it.The dg lked dangerus, s I decided t _______________________.
keep my distance
keep me at a distance
I encuntered many hikers wh were headed t a _________ camp-grund. Is his a result f snbbery r shyness? 他態(tài)度冷淡是因?yàn)樗麆?shì)利眼呢, 還是因?yàn)樗t腆?
shwer n. 淋浴；淋浴間；淋浴間一陣；送禮聚會(huì)a shwer f 一陣
Over the empty streets — ver the frum — far and wide — with many a nisy crash in the strmy sea — fell that awful shwer! 分析一下 此句話(huà)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)
Over the empty streets fell that awful shwer!That awful shwer fell ver the empty streets!
14 表 方位的介詞或副詞 短語(yǔ) 置于句首，句子 完全倒裝。
全部倒裝是將句子中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞全部置于主語(yǔ)之前。此結(jié)構(gòu)通常只用與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
There ges the bell.Then came the chairman.Here is yur letter.Out rushed a missile frm under the bmber.Ahead sat an ld wman.
注意：上述全部倒裝的句型結(jié)構(gòu)的主語(yǔ)必須是名詞,如果主語(yǔ)是人稱(chēng)代詞則不能完全倒裝
Here he cmes. Away they went.
Para 4：Each turned t fly — each running, pressing, pushing against the ther. If, in the darkness, wife was separated frm husband, r parent frm child, there was n hpe f their meeting again. Each hurried blindly and fearfully n. S came the earthquake s ended life in Pmpeii.
所有人都趕忙飛奔——他們奔跑，擁擠， 你推我搡。 黑暗中，一旦妻離子散，就絕不可能重逢了。每個(gè)人都驚慌失措地盲目奔逃。這時(shí)，地震來(lái)了……龐貝城的生活就此終結(jié)。
15 Each turned t fly — each running, pressing, pushing against the ther.
1.The girl staring at him, he didn't knw what t say.2. Her glasses brken, she culdn't see the wrds n the blackbard.3. An imprtant lecture t be given tmrrw, the prfessr has t stay up late int the night.4. They were making a snwman utside the huse, hands red with cld.5. Jgn was seated at the table, cat n, head dwn.
15獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)（Abslute Structure）是由名詞或代詞加上分詞等構(gòu)成的一種獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)，用于修飾整個(gè)句子。 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中的名詞或代詞與其后的分詞成分構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。 這種結(jié)構(gòu)與主句不發(fā)生句法上的聯(lián)系，它的位置相當(dāng)靈活，可置于主句前、主句末或主句中，常由逗號(hào)將其與主句分開(kāi)。 需特別注意的是，獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)與主句之間不能使用任何連接詞。
... wife was separated frm husband, r parent frm child, ...
16 be separated frm 與...分離 本句話(huà) 采用了省略結(jié)構(gòu)，還原：wife was separated frm husband, r parent was separated frm child.
17 S came the earthquake ... and s ended life in Pmpeii.
地震來(lái)了……龐貝城的生活就此終結(jié)。
此句采用了 完全倒裝“也一樣”。
Para 5: Nearly seventeen centuries had rlled away befre the city f Pmpeii was dug frm its silent resting place. Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday; nt a single clur changed n the rich pattern f its flrs. In its frum, the half-finished clumns seemed as if just left by the wrkman's hand. Lng after fire and ash came fr the peple f Pmpeii, the remains f their beautiful city survive t remind us that human lives burn bright and shrt.
時(shí)間流過(guò)了近十七個(gè)世紀(jì)，龐貝城終于從它寂靜的長(zhǎng)眠之地被發(fā)掘出來(lái)。它的墻壁依然新得像昨天剛剛刷完；地板上繁復(fù)的圖案，一點(diǎn)都沒(méi)有褪色。 廣場(chǎng)上，那些尚未完工的石柱看起來(lái)就像剛剛離開(kāi)工匠之手。在大火和火山灰吞噬龐貝城的人們很久很久之后，他們美麗城市的遺跡幸存下來(lái)，提醒我們?nèi)祟?lèi)的生命燦爛而短暫。

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高中英語(yǔ)牛津譯林版 (2020)必修 第三冊(cè)電子課本

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版本： 牛津譯林版 (2020)

年級(jí)： 必修 第三冊(cè)

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