?2022-2023學(xué)年牛津譯林版（2020）高二英語下學(xué)期期末達(dá)標(biāo)測評卷（A卷）
學(xué)校：___________姓名：___________班級：___________考號：___________

一、聽力題
1、What should the man take tomorrow?
A. Some fruit. B. The ticket. C. Some money.
2、At what time does the film start?
A. 3:50. B. 4:00. C. 4:10.
3、What will the man do this weekend?
A. Buy some books. B. See a doctor. C. Go to the library.
4、Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. In a hotel. B. In a factory. C. In a supermarket.
5、What are the speakers talking about?
A. An announcement.
B. A meeting.
C. An accident.
6、聽下面一段材料, 回答以下小題。
1. Why does the man dislike the suit made of pure wool?
A. The color is too light.
B. The size is a bit too large.
C. The style is out of date.
2. What color suit does the man decide to buy?
A. Brown. B. Blue. C. Yellow.
7、聽下面一段材料, 回答以下小題。
1. What does the man offer to do?
A. Call the office manager.
B. Arrange a meeting.
C. Sign a form.
2. What should be put in the meeting room?
A. The desks. B. The chairs. C. The computers.
8、聽下面一段材料, 回答以下小題。
1. What is Mr. Brown probably doing now?
A. Treating a patient.
B. Having an operation.
C. Attending a meeting.
2. How does the woman probably feel now?
A. Worried. B. Annoyed. C. Surprised.
3. What will the woman do next?
A. See her husband.
B. Wait outside the room.
C. Get some forms.
9、聽下面一段材料, 回答以下小題。
1. Where will the woman go this weekend if the weather is bad?
A. To the beach. B. To a store. C. To a library.
2. What will the man do if he finishes his report?
A. See some videos.
B. Work out at the gym.
C. Practice the guitar.
3. What would the woman do if she had lots of money?
A. Buy a huge TV.
B. Live on an island.
C. Open a video store.
4. What does the woman think of their wishes?
A. Realistic. B. Nice. C. Impractical.
10、聽下面一段材料, 回答以下小題。
1. What does the speaker say about the room?
A. It is very big. B. It is quite bright. C. It is pretty tidy.
2. What does the speaker keep doing to the room?
A. Arranging the furniture.
B. Painting the walls.
C. Covering the windows.
3. What does the speaker have on the walls?
A. Papers about schoolwork.
B. Pictures of her family.
C. Posters of pop stars.
4. Why does the speaker like the room?
A. She has many of her favorite things in it.
B. It is a good place to do her schoolwork.
C. She lives in the room all by herself.
二、閱讀理解
Take a view, the Landscape(風(fēng)景) Photographer of the Year Award, was the idea of Charlie Waite, one of today's most respected landscape photographers. Each year, the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape. Take a?view a desirable annual competition for photographers from all corners of the UK and beyond.
Mike Shepherd
(2011)
Skiddaw in Winter
Cumbria, England
It was an extremely cold winter's evening and freezing fog hung in the air. I climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist was little more than a few feet deep, and though it was only a short climb, I found myself completely above it and looking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sun setting in the west. I used classical techniques, translated from my college days spent in the darkroom into Photoshop, to achieve the black-and-white image(圖像).
Timothy Smith
(2014)
Macclesfield Forest
Cheshire, England
I was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images. Walking up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe, a local high point, I came across a small clearing and immediately noticed the dead yellow grasses set against the fresh snow. The small pine added to the interest and I placed it centrally to take the view from the foreground right through into the forest.
11、Who would most probably enter for Take a view?
A.Writers. B.Photographers. C.Painters. D.Tourists.
12、What do the works by Shepherd and Smith have in common?
A.They are winter images. B.They are in black and white.
C.They show mountainous scenes. D.They focus on snow-covered forests.
13、Where can the text be found?
A.In a history book. B.In a novel.
C.In an art magazine. D.In a biography.
14、??? My grandfather came from Hungary and was the only one in his family who settled down in the United States. The rest of his family remained in Europe. When World War Ⅰ broke out, he seemed to have become another man, downhearted. Such obvious change didn't appear out of concern for his welfare, but out of fear: if his only son, my uncle, had to fight in a war, it would be the cousin fighting against the cousin.
??? One day in 1918, my Uncle Milton received his draft notice. My grandparents were very upset. But my mother, at the age of 10, felt on top of the world about her soldier brother going off to war. Realizing how he was regarded by his little sister and all of her friends, my uncle bought them all service pins, which meant that they had a loved one in the services. All the little girls were delighted.
??? The moment came when my uncle and most of the other soldiers, without any training but all in uniform, boarded the train. The band played and the crowd cheered. Although no one noticed, I'm sure my grandmother had a tear in her eye for the only son. The train slowly pulled out, but didn't run about a thousand yards when it suddenly stopped. Everyone stared in wonder as the train slowly returned to the station. There was a dead silence before the doors opened and the men started to step out. Someone shouted, "The war is over!" For a moment, nobody moved, but then the people heard someone bark orders at the soldiers. The men lined up in two lines, walked down the steps, and with the band playing, marched down the street, as returning heroes to be welcomed home. My mother said it was a great day, but she was just a little disappointed that it didn't last a tiny bit longer.
1.What was the grandfather most worried about?
A.The spread of the war. B.The safety of his two cousins.
C.A drop in his living standards. D.His relatives killing each other.
2.What does the underlined phrase "draft notice" in Paragraph 2 mean?
A.Note of warning. B.Letter of rejection.
C.Order for army service. D.Train ticket to Europe.
3.What did the "service pins" (in Para. 2) stand for in the eyes of the little girls?
A.Strength. B.Courage. C.Victory. D.Honor.
4.Which of the following words can best describe the ending of the story?
A.Unexpected. B.Inspiring. C.Uncertain. D.Disappointing.
15、Think of the last time you disagreed with another person. Maybe you argued with a sibling (兄弟; 姊妹)over what to watch on TV. Or perhaps you tried to convince grown-ups that ice cream made a better dinner than vegetables. How did your disagreement end? Were you able to see the issue from the other person's viewpoint?
In many situations, disagreements are unavoidable. They're part of life. After all, everyone has different opinions. We all have past experiences that shape how we see the world. Still, not all disagreements are bad. In fact, many people look at them as opportunities to learn. They do so by trying to understand where both sides are coming from.
How can you understand both sides of an issue? Often, it's best to start by asking questions. Questions help us learn about the world around us. The right questions can also help us learn about other people. In a disagreement, asking for more information can help you learn about a person's viewpoint. It can also lead you to gather more facts. This can paint a better picture of the entire issue.
When we are seeking to understand both sides of an issue, it's important to know the difference between facts and opinions. Remember, facts are based on true information. Opinions can change from person to person. Paying attention to facts can stop biases (偏見)from taking over in a disagreement. This can help everyone involved see both sides of the issue.
Maybe you're wondering why it's important to understand both sides of an issue, anyway. After all, don't most people just want to prove that their side is right? Often, that's true. However, understanding the whole issue can lead to both sides working together.
Disagreements may be uncomfortable at first. However, when both sides truly try to understand each other, they often find they have more in common than they thought. The next time you disagree with another person, try asking him questions about his viewpoint. You never know what you might learn.
1. What does the underlined word "so" refer to in Paragraph 2?
A. Ignoring chances to learn.
B. Knowing more about themselves.
C. Shaping a right way to see the world.
D. Making the disagreements a chance to learn.
2. According to the passage, how can we solve a disagreement?
A. By changing the other's opinions.
B. By making both sides comfortable.
C. By trying to stand in others' shoes.
D. By telling facts and opinions apart.
3. How does the author support his view?
A. By reasoning.
B. By describing.
C. By persuading.
D. By questioning.
4. What's the author's attitude to people's arguments?
A. Indifferent.
B. Pessimistic.
C. Positive.
D. Skeptical.
16、Most parents realize that a diet of soda and candy isn't a healthy choice, but what should they do if their children are picky eaters who prefer sugary food but refuse fruit and vegetables or just skip meals? There are ways to help kids eat healthily and avoid involving many fights at the dinner table.
Jane E. Brody wrote an article for The New York Times in August 2015. The title of the article is "Another Approach to Raising Healthy Eaters". In this article, she shares her experience as a child who was a picky eater. She provides some useful views for parents who have children that are very picky about what foods they will eat.
It turns out that demanding that a child eat something doesn't really work well. The command to "dean your plate" can end up teaching children that it is normal to continue eating after their stomach is full. This habit may continue into adulthood, and can lead to overweight bodies or food disorders.
Instead, parents can try other methods that might actually influence their children to try new foods. One very simple method is to offer your children a small amount of newly introduced food. A large amount can seem intimidating (令人生畏的). One or two bites might feel less scary to try.
Another really easy thing parents can do is to read the ingredients (成分) on food instructions. You might be surprised by the kinds of food that have some form of sugar added to them. One way to be a healthier eater is to reduce the amount of sugar a person eats. Read the ingredient labels, and pick a product that doesn't have extra sugar added. Start making your own type of your child's favorite foods at home instead of buying processed ones, which can enhance their interest in home-made food. Consider organic foods over the popular, well-known foods that are full of sugar.
Sometimes, all it takes to get a child to eat healthily is to offer a food in a different way. Kids that hate raw cauliflower (菜花) might eat it after the vegetable is roasted. It is possible to turn a head of cauliflower into rice. It looks the same and your child may not notice the difference between it and real rice.
1.What do we know about Jane E. Brody?
A. She wrote a book to help kids eat less.
B. Her article for The New York Times was written in winter.
C. She shared some methods with parents having picky children.
D. Her experience as a picky eater once made her parents annoyed.
2.The command to clean one's plate usually ______.
A. doesn't work at all
B. leads to children's stomachache
C. ends up with children's hating eating
D. gets children into a bad eating habit
3.What can parents do if they want their children to try a new food?
A. Offer a small amount of it.
B. Give all of the food to them.
C. Tell them the ingredients in it.
D. Reduce the amount of sugar in it.
4.Which of the following can help your kid become a healthy eater?
A. Making him eat up all food.
B. Only eating organic foods.
C. Buying processed foods.
D. Eating less sugar.
三、七選五
17、??? As parents, we must teach our children the importance and value of honesty from an early age. However, teaching our children to be honest isn't the same as teaching them to tie their shoelaces. ①_____ Otherwise, they'll prefer to lie in order to avoid being punished.
????②_____?Lying in order to receive objects or attention is the main one. Another one is to avoid punishment—parents should be careful with this one. Being too strict can result in children's lying more often.
??? When should we start teaching them the difference between lies and the truth? Children under the age of 3 don't have the ability to understand the importance of values. As soon as they turn 3, however, it's important for parents to watch carefully. It isn't enough for parents to teach. We must also observe our child's behavior. ③_____
??? Rewarding children can be a great motivation for their learning.?④_____ This will help create a trustful environment within the family. At the same time, we shouldn't let our children hear us lying. Parents are the models that their children follow, and therefore a lot will depend on a parent's behavior.
??? As our children grow up, it's important to teach them the value of honesty.?⑤_____ It's important for them to realize that telling lies prevents us from helping them in the most appropriate way.
A.?Let them understand the value of telling the truth.
B.?Even if we're honest, our children may not be honest.
C.?This will allow us to find out what makes the child lie.
D.?We can't correct children's behavior through punishment.
E.?They will start to link honesty with something positive.
F.?Specialists in child psychology have listed the reasons why children lie.
G.?Punishment and anger don't always work when we try to stop children from lying.
四、完形填空（15空）
18、??? The best and most amazing thing about life is that no matter what happens or how hard it may get, or how useless you feel, stay???? 1??? .
??? All you need to?????2? ?? is to do good, even if it may be the smallest thing, like greeting someone with a smile. It can?????3 ??? someone's day, and you will have made the smallest?????4 ??? biggest difference to their life. It all starts with your small but sincere smile!
??? I learned patience the hard ??? 5????. I have been trying to rush through life, always?????6 ??? myself to my friends and family and wondering when my life would change. I was too busy trying to speed things up, but things just weren't?????7 ???, so I finally gave up. However, when I continued to help people and do little things I could every day to make a difference, life?????8 ??? me back. Therefore, keep your?????9? ?? realistic, no matter how unjust people are towards you. I believe you will be successful, ??? 10 ??? everything has its own special time when everything goes well, and yours is definitely coming. You just need to ??? 11 ??? a little longer.
??? I ??? 12 ??? met someone worth it all, so kind and sweet, always trying to surprise me in the most ??? 13 ??? ways. Now, every day is something bigger and better, and that ??? 14 ??? is amazing, and then you realize it's because of all the good things you keep doing in your life.
??? Even if you have been doing bad things until now, you can change it all and make it all better. Believe me, it always gets better. It's not easy, but it will. I know, because I have been ??? 15 ??? with it and I finally feel better.
1.A.curious???? B.patient???? C.serious???? D.generous
2.A.reflect on???? B.set about???? C.take up??? D.focus on
3.A.speed up???? B.go up???? C.brighten up???? D.turn up
4.A.yet???? B.and???? C.or???? D.so
5.A.way???? B.time???? C.point???? D.problem
6.A.adapting???? B.adjusting???? C.comparing???? D.applying
7.A.speeding???? B.changing???? C.moving???? D.succeeding
8.A.gives???? B.pays???? C.gets???? D.brings
9.A.intentions???? B.minds???? C.hearts???? D.feelings
10.A.if???? B.when???? C.until???? D.because
11.A.work???? B.wait???? C.operate???? D.stay
12.A.eventually???? B.occasionally???? C.abruptly???? D.instantly
13.A.normal???? B.unusual???? C.common???? D.unexpected
14.A.thought???? B.view???? C.feeling???? D.idea
15.A.hunting???? B.struggling???? C.searching???? D.exploring
五、短文填空
19、閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
I will never forget the day when I went to a coming-of-age ceremony.
Last month, an unforgettable adult ceremony ①______(hold) for all the senior 3 students in our school. It began at half past two in the afternoon. Decorated by colorful flowers and balloons, the stadium looked ②______ (amaze) beautiful. All of us students were dressed ③______ school uniforms with red ribbons on our wrists, showing the energy of youth. We walked into the stadium in high spirits, ④______ (accompany) by our parents. Our principal delivered ⑤______ inspiring speech at first, and we received ⑥______ (congratulate) from our teachers. During the ceremony, we expressed our heart felt gratitude to our parents by ⑦_(dá)_____ (bow) to them. I was moved to tears when I got a photo album from my parents, ⑧______ reminded me of my happy childhood. In the end, we raised ⑨______ (us) right hands and made a serious promise to become reliable and honest citizens.
As far as I'm concerned, the ceremony indicates that we should take on more responsibilities to be ⑩______(independence) and get away from the shelter of our family.
六、書面表達(dá)
20、你校文學(xué)社舉辦以"I like reading"為主題的征文活動,你打算投稿。請根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)寫一篇短文。
1.你為什么喜歡讀書;
2.你喜歡讀哪一類書(如歷史、科學(xué)、文學(xué)等), 請給出至少兩個理由。
注意:詞數(shù)80左右。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
七、讀后續(xù)寫
21、閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語 續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
Just before we got married, my husband, Spode, and I bought the house from the Gehards, who were moving to Australia. As they couldn't take much abroad with them, they left almost everything in the house to us, among which were two bookshelves packed with thick books. I liked the fine furniture, the tasteful kitchenware and even the pictures on the wall but I didn't think much of the books.
On the day they handed over the house to us, we walked around in the house with the Gehards for the last time. They told us about the good times they had?and the stories behind the objects in the house, giving me a sense of warmth of a family. When Mr. Gehard led us to the bookshelves, he said to us, "These are great books written by the great minds in human history. I hope you can read them." Though Spode and I were not much of bookworms, we promised him we would, because we knew we could make Mr. Gehard feel better that way. We could see that it was hard for him to say goodbye to the house as well as the books, both of which he treasured so much.
After we moved in, to keep our promise to Mr. Gehard, Spode managed to find some time each day to read some pages of those great books. It was not typical of him, because he was one of those who would rather spend most of their spare time before screens. Curiously enough, as time went by, his interest in the books grew gradually and he began talking to me about what he read with amazement. To find out what accounted for his newly developed fondness for those serious-looking thick books, I also picked one. Finally, we both found attachment to the books and made it a rule to read in the evenings. Reading became part of our life. Those books opened up new worlds for us, gave us new visions and enriched our life in many ways.
注意:續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。
Paragraph 1:
One evening as we were reading, a small piece of something fell onto the desk from between the pages of the book I was reading.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
But as we had lost touch with the Gehards, how could we return the stamp to them?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
參考答案
1、答案：A
解析：M: What should I take tomorrow?
W: You won’t need any money for the bus or the ticket to the museum, because that’s already paid for. But the only food or drink allowed on the bus is fruit. Bring some with you.
2、答案：C
解析：M: Oh, it’s ten to four now. We must hurry up. The film starts in 20 minutes. And we need 10 minutes to walk to the cinema.
W: Let’s go. Don’t forget to take the tickets.
3、答案：B
解析：W: Would you like to go to the library with me this weekend? There is a book fair there.
M: I’d love to, but there is something wrong with my eyes and I’ll have them examined.
4、答案：C
解析：W: Excuse me. Are you looking for something?
M: Yes, I’m looking for dish-washing machines. Which department are they in?
5、答案：A
解析：W: Do you hear the announcement that Flight 307 to New Haven has been canceled?
M: What? Why?
W: Due to an electrical failure.
M: What should we do? We need to be on time for the meeting.
6、答案：1-2 BA
解析：W: Can I help you, sir?
M: I’d like to see a suit for the autumn.
W: How do you like this, sir?
M: It’s much too light in color for the autumn.
W: What about this then? It’s made of pure wool, very soft.
M: I like this style, but it’s loose at the waist. And it’s a bit too large.
W: What about this one? We have this model in several sizes and colors, dark brown, light green, light yellow, and dark blue.
M: Let me see the brown one. All right, it just suits me. I’ll take it.
7、答案：1-2 CC
解析：W: Mr. Jennings, the delivery has arrived. The chairs, desks, and computers are all there, but someone needs to sign for them. Shall I ask Mrs. Kilne?
M: She’s not in today. I’m the accounting manager, so I can sign the form for you.
W: Great, thanks. Where should I put the goods?
M: The desks and chairs can go against the wall, and the computers should go in the meeting room. Call more people to help so all these can be settled sooner.
W: OK, Mr. Jennings.
8、答案：1-3 BAC
解析：M: Mrs. Brown, would you mind waiting outside the room? I’ll call you as soon as the doctor finishes the operation and you can see your husband for a few minutes.
W: How is he?
M: I don’t know yet. The doctor will tell you how his condition is, after he has finished treating your husband.
W: How long may I see him when you’re finished with him?
M: You’d better ask the doctor that. At the same time, would you mind filling out all the forms that are necessary?
W: Of course not. Where can I get them?
M: Just go down to the main hall. The girl at the front desk will help you.
W: OK, I’ll go there now.
9、答案：1-4 BABC
解析：M: So, what are you doing this weekend?
W: It depends. If the weather is good, I think I’ll go to the beach.
M: And if it isn’t?
W: Then I’ll do some shopping. What about you?
M: If I finish my report in the library, I’ll rent a few videos to watch at home. But I don’t think I’ll finish it. Do you ever wish you had more time, for everything?
W: Of course. There’s never enough. So what would you do if you had more time?
M: I guess I’d practice the guitar and work out at the gym more. How about you?
W: I’ll go to concerts or do more shopping. But that takes money, too. And I really wish I had more money.
M: So what would you do if you had lots of money?
W: I’d live on an island.
M: Sounds nice. I’d buy a huge TV and open a video store.
W: Well, I guess we should be realistic. Without hard work, our wishes may never come true.
10、答案：1-4 BACA
解析：W: I’m very lucky — there’s a spare room up in the roof of our house away from my parents, that I’m allowed to hang out in. It isn’t very big. I’ve painted the walls purple. My mother doesn’t like the color, but I’m not changing it now. It has huge windows, so I sit by them to do my schoolwork. I cover the windows if I sleep there — otherwise they let in too much sunshine, like all our rooms.
Not everyone would like the room. There are too many things in it so it looks kind of untidy. They’re all my favorite things. I keep arranging the furniture to make more space. And I put my precious magazines away to save space. But it doesn’t work. As for the walls, I’m always adding or removing pictures I’ve taken; some are of school events. There are also posters of pop stars I’ve been crazy about since I was twelve.
The room isn’t just for me — my elder sister shares it when she’s at home, and that’s fine. I love the place because at school I work on things I’m not always interested in, but here I’m surrounded by things I really care about.
11、答案：B
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all corners of the UK and beyond.可知, 該比賽的參賽者是來自英國各地以及其他國家和地區(qū)的攝影師們。故選B項(xiàng)。
12、答案：A
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格部分對謝潑德攝影作品的描述中的It was an extremely cold winter's evening...以及對史密斯攝影作品的描述中的...to take some winter images.可知, 二者攝影作品的共同點(diǎn)是拍攝的都是冬天的畫面。故選A項(xiàng)。
13、答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。綜觀全文可知, 本文是一篇應(yīng)用文, 根據(jù)文中的關(guān)鍵詞Landscape Photographer, entries, competition等可知, 本文介紹了風(fēng)光攝影師大賽及其相關(guān)攝影作品, 與攝影藝術(shù)有關(guān)。由此可知, 文章最有可能選自藝術(shù)類雜志。故選C項(xiàng)。
14、答案：1-4.DCDA
解析：1.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"if his only son, my uncle, had to fight in a war, it would be the cousin fighting against the cousin"可推知,作者的舅舅一旦參軍就可能導(dǎo)致親人間的作戰(zhàn),因此姥爺很擔(dān)憂。故選D。
2.考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)下文中的"her soldier brother going off to war"可知,draft notice的含義應(yīng)該是征兵令,故選C。
3.考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的"which meant that they had a loved one in the services"可知,這是令人感到自豪的東西。故選D。
4.考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容可知,開始人們依依不舍地送自己的親友去參軍,但火車剛開出去不遠(yuǎn)就接到戰(zhàn)爭已結(jié)束的消息,所以這令人感到意外。故選A。
15、答案：1-4DCAC
解析：1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的Still, not all disagreements are bad. In fact, many people look at them as opportunities to learn.知,并非所有的分歧都是糟糕的,事實(shí)上,許多人把它們看作是學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會。由此可推斷,so指的是把分歧當(dāng)作學(xué) .習(xí)的機(jī)會。故選D項(xiàng)。
2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的How did your disagreement end? Were you able to see the issue from the other person's viewpoint?可知,這兩句以提問的形式引出結(jié)束分歧的方式,即從對方的角度看問題;根據(jù)最后一段中的 Disagreements may be uncomfortable at first. However, when both sides truly try to understand each other, they often find they have more in common than they thought.可知,分歧一開始可能會讓人不舒服。然而,當(dāng)雙方真正試圖理解對方時, 往往會發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的共同點(diǎn)比他們想象的要多。由此可推斷,要想解決分歧,雙方要真正去理解對方,站在對方的立場上想問題。故選C項(xiàng)。
3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第.三段中的How can you understand both sides of an issue? Often, it's best to start by asking questions.可知,理解關(guān)于問題的雙方意見最好從問問題開始;根據(jù)第四段中的 When we are seeking to understand both sides of an issue, it's important to know the difference between facts and opinions.可知,試圖了解關(guān)于問題的雙方意見時,了解事實(shí)和觀點(diǎn)之間的區(qū)別是很重要的;根據(jù)最后一段中的 Disagreements may be uncomfortable at first. However, when both sides truly try to understand each other, they often find they have more in common than they thought.可知,分歧一開始可能會讓人不舒服。然而,當(dāng)雙方真正試圖理解對方時, 往往會發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的共同點(diǎn)比他們想象的要多。由此可推斷, 作者通過推理來支持他的觀點(diǎn)。故選A項(xiàng)。
4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段In many situations, disagreements are unavoidable. They're part of life...do so by trying to understand where both sides are coming from.可知,在許多情況下,分歧是不可避免的。他們是生活的一部分。 畢竟,每個人都有不同的看法。我們都有過去的經(jīng)歷,這些經(jīng)歷塑造了我們對世界的看法。不過,并非所有的分歧都是糟糕的。事實(shí)上,許多人把它們看作是學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會。由此可推斷,作者對人們的爭端持積極態(tài)度。故選C項(xiàng)。
16、答案：1-4 CDAD
解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句"In this article, she shares her experience as a child who was a picky eater. She provides some useful views for parents who have children that are very picky about what foods they will eat. "可知,她在這篇文章中向有挑食的孩子的父母分享了一些方法。故選C。 選項(xiàng)A“為幫助孩子們吃得健康她寫了一本書”與文章內(nèi)容不符;選項(xiàng)B“她給《紐約時報》寫的文章是在冬天寫的”與第二段第一句中的 wrote an article...in August 2015 信息相悖;選項(xiàng)D“她挑食的經(jīng)歷一度使她的父母很惱火”文中沒有出現(xiàn)此信息。
2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句"The command to 'clean your plate' can end up teaching children that it is normal to continue eating after their stomach is full. This habit may continue into adulthood, and can lead to overweight bodies or food disorders."可知,“清空盤子”的指令最終可能會教導(dǎo)孩子們在他們的肚子飽了之后繼續(xù)吃東西,這種習(xí)慣或許會延續(xù)到成年,并可能導(dǎo)致身體超重或飲食失調(diào),這是一種壞的飲食習(xí)慣。故選D。選項(xiàng)A“根本不起作用”;選項(xiàng) B“導(dǎo)致孩子胃疼”;選項(xiàng)C“以孩子們厭惡吃東西而結(jié)束”。
3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后三句"One very simple method is to offer your children a small amount of newly introduced food. A large amount can seem intimidating. One or two bites might feel less 'scary' to try."可知,父母想讓孩子嘗試一種新食物時,應(yīng)該給他們一次提供較少的分量。故選 A。選項(xiàng)B"給他們所有的食物";選項(xiàng)C“告訴他們這里面的成分”;選項(xiàng)D“減少這里面糖的含量”。
4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第三句“One way to be a healthier eater is to reduce the amount of sugar a person eats." 可知,成為一個更健康的飲食者的一個方法是減少一個人吃的糖的量。故選D。選項(xiàng)A"讓他吃光所有的食物”;選項(xiàng)B “只吃有機(jī)食品”;選項(xiàng)C“購買加工過的食品”。
17、答案：DFCEA
解析：①根據(jù)下文“Otherwise, they'll prefer to lie in order to avoid being punished.”可知,D項(xiàng)“我們不能通過懲罰來糾正孩子的行為”切題,其中“punishment”與下文中的“punished”呼應(yīng)。故選D。
②根據(jù)下文“Lying in order to receive objects or attention is the main one. Another one is to avoid punishment—parents should be careful with this one.”可知,孩子說謊主要是為了得到東西或引起注意以及逃避懲罰;F項(xiàng)“兒童心理學(xué)專家列出了兒童說謊的原因”切題;下文中提到的兒童撒謊的原因是對F項(xiàng)的具體說明。故選F。
③根據(jù)上文“We must also observe our child's behavior.”可知,父母除了教育孩子不要撒謊之外,還必須觀察孩子的行為;C項(xiàng)“這將允許我們找出什么使孩子說謊”切題,其中“This”指代上文中的“observe our child's behavior”。故選C。
④根據(jù)上文“Rewarding children can be a great motivation for their learning.”可知,獎勵孩子可以成為他們學(xué)習(xí)的一大動力;E項(xiàng)“他們會開始把誠實(shí)和某件積極的事情聯(lián)系起來”切題;上文中的“Rewarding children”是原因,E項(xiàng)中的“l(fā)ink honesty with something positive”是結(jié)果。故選E。
⑤根據(jù)上文“As our children grow up, it's important to teach them the value of honesty.”可知,隨著孩子們的成長,教育他們誠實(shí)的價值是很重要的;A項(xiàng)“讓他們明白講真話的價值”切題,其中“the value of telling the truth”與上文中的“the value of honesty”語義相同。故選A。
18、答案：1-5.BDCAA; 6-10.CCBAD; 11-15.BADCB
解析：1.根據(jù)"I learned patience the hard????? 5??? ."可知,無論什么時候,我們都要保持耐心。
2.根據(jù)"even if it may be the smallest thing, like greeting someone with a smile"可知,我們需要把注意力集中在做好事上。
3.根據(jù)"even if it may be the smallest thing, like greeting someone with a smile"可知,一個微笑會點(diǎn)亮別人一天的生活。
4.根據(jù)"It all starts with your small but sincere smile!"可知,雖然是一個小小的微笑,然而也會成就一個大大的改變。
5.根據(jù)"I was too busy trying to speed things up, but things just weren't????? 7??? , so I finally gave up."可知,作者在學(xué)會耐心的過程中走了很艱難的路。
6.根據(jù)"and wondering when my life would change"可知,作者把自己和家人、朋友作比較。
7.根據(jù)"so I finally gave up"可知,作者急于看到起色,但是卻毫無進(jìn)展。
8.根據(jù)"However, when I continued to help people and do little things I could every day to make a difference"可知,生活會報答作者。
9.根據(jù)"no matter how unjust people are towards you"可知,我們應(yīng)有實(shí)事求是的目的。
10.根據(jù)"I believe you will be successful"可知,后句解釋你會成功的原因,所以用連詞because。
11.根據(jù)"and yours is definitely coming"可知,是你的也肯定會來,你需要的只是多等一會兒。
12.根據(jù)"so kind and sweet, always trying to surprise me in the most???? 13??? ?ways"可知,作者最終遇到了那個值得等待的人。
13.根據(jù)"always trying to surprise me"可知,總是出其不意地給作者驚喜。
14.根據(jù)"Now, every day is something bigger and better"可知,那種感覺妙不可言。
15.根據(jù)"and I finally feel better"知,作者曾經(jīng)一直與之作斗爭。
19、答案：①was held ②amazingly ③in ④accompanied ⑤an ⑥congratulations ⑦bowing ⑧which
⑨our ⑩independent
解析：①考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:上個月,我們學(xué)校為所有的高三學(xué)生舉行了一個難忘的成人儀式。描述發(fā)生在過去的事情,應(yīng)用一般過去時;ceremony和hold之間是被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。故填was held。
②考查副詞。此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾形容詞beautiful。 故填amazingly。
③考查固定短語。根據(jù)語境可知,我們所有的學(xué)生都穿著校服,手腕上系著紅絲帶,顯示出青春的活力。be dressed in穿著。故填in。
④考查過去分詞。句意:我們在父母的陪同下, 興高采烈地走進(jìn)體育場。accompany的邏輯主語是We,它們之間是被動關(guān)系,所以用過去分詞作狀語。故填 accompanied。
⑤考查冠詞。句意:校長首先發(fā)表了一個鼓舞人心的演講,并且我們收到了老師們的祝賀。此處泛指“一個鼓舞人心的演講”, inspiring的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭。故填an。
⑥考查名詞的數(shù)。句意同上。動詞receive 后接名詞作賓語,且congratulation表示“祝賀”通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填 congratulations。
⑦考查動名詞。句意:在儀式上,我們向父母鞠躬,表達(dá)了我們由衷的感激之情。介詞by后接動名詞。故填 bowing。
⑧考查定語從句。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,在從句中作主語,先行詞a photo album指物,所以用關(guān)系代詞 which。
⑨考查代詞。句意:最后,我們舉起我們的右手,鄭重承諾要成為可靠、誠實(shí)的公民。此處應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞 our修飾名詞hands。故填our。
⑩考查形容詞。句意:在我看來,這個儀式表明我們應(yīng)該承擔(dān)更多的責(zé)任來獨(dú)立,遠(yuǎn)離家庭的庇護(hù)。系動詞 be后接形容詞作表語。故填independent。
20、答案：One possible version:
Reading is my favorite hobby. I am always fond of reading because books are like wise teachers as well as good friends in my life. As we know, books are the source of knowledge. I benefit a great deal from reading.
There are a variety of books for us to choose from, like history books, science books, literary books and so on. But what interests me most is literary books, especially those by famous writers. For one thing, they help to improve my writing skills and broaden my horizons. For another, they can enrich my life and provide me with great fun. Isn't it a pleasure to have great calm in mind while you are reading?
解析：
21、答案：
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
??? One evening as we were reading, a small piece of something fell onto the desk from between the pages of the book I was reading. I picked it up. It was an old stamp with a picture of the Mississippi River bridge. Spode and I did some research on the Internet and found it quite valuable. We guessed Mr. Gehard must have used it as a bookmark and then forgot all about it. Something so valuable was certainly not what we could keep for ourselves.
Paragraph 2:
???? But as we had lost touch with the Gehards, how could we return the stamp to them? We posted our story on social media, hoping they could read it by any chance. The story spread rapidly overnight. We got thousands of responses, among which was one from Mr. Gehard, saying "You can keep the stamp as a gift from us for reading the books. It brings delight to my wife and me that the books are in good hands." Not until then did I realize what those books meant to the Gehards.
解析：


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