專題15.話題通關(guān)二（健康生活）（詞匯閱讀寫作） ——2023年高中英語學(xué)業(yè)水平考試專項精講+測試（通用版）-試卷下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

?飲食與健康
模塊1
詞匯過關(guān)（閱讀詞匯，寫作詞匯，佳句背默）
模塊2
話題閱讀過關(guān)
模塊3
話題寫作過關(guān)

【閱讀詞匯】

1.sleeplessness n．失眠
2.oversleep vt. & vi. (使)睡過頭
3.nightmare n. 噩夢
4.stomachache n. 胃疼；腹痛
5.unconscious adj. 昏迷的；不省人事的
6.tablet n. 藥片
7.bacteria n. 細菌
8.prescription n. 處方；藥房
9.tough adj. 堅硬的；結(jié)實的；困難的；棘手的
10.bleed vt. & vi. 流血；出血
11.Coronavirus 新冠病毒=covid-19
12.outbreak n.爆發(fā)
13.erupt v.爆發(fā) eruption n.爆發(fā)
14.spread v.傳播
15.transmission n.傳播
16.transmit v.傳播
17.virus 病毒
18.disease 疾病
19.infect v.感染
20.infection n. 感染
21.contagious 傳染的
22.epidemic 流行病
23.pandemic 全國或全球性大流行病
24.emergency n.緊急情況
25.emergent 緊急的
26.crisis 危機
27.situation n.情況，形勢
28.strain 壓力
29.mortality rate 死亡率
30.death toll 死亡人數(shù)
31.ICU 重癥監(jiān)護室
32.general ward 普通病房
33.patients 病人
34.case n.案例，病例
35.quarantine n.隔離
36.isolation 隔離，分隔
37.surge v.(數(shù)量)激增
38.rocket v.急速上升
39.soar v.猛增
40.reach peak 達到峰值
41.collapse 崩潰
42.short of supply 缺少供應(yīng)
43.lack v.缺少
44.scarcity n.缺少，缺乏
45.personal protection equipment 個人防護裝備
46.measures n.措施
47.healthcare system 醫(yī)療保健體系
48.front line healthcare staff 前線醫(yī)務(wù)工作者
49.World Health Organization 世界衛(wèi)生組織
50.critical phase 關(guān)鍵階段
51.response 回應(yīng),響應(yīng)
52.treat v.對待,治療
53.handle v.處理
54.hygiene 衛(wèi)生
55.disinfect v.給...殺毒，消毒
56.hand sanitizers 洗手液
57.vaccine 疫苗
58.face masks 口罩
59.mitigate v.減輕，緩解
60.prevention 阻止
61.caution 謹(jǐn)慎，小心
62.track and monitor 追蹤
63.screen v.篩查 test v.測試，檢測
64.positive 積極的；陽性的
65.negative 消極的；陰性的
66.symptom n.癥狀
67.asymptomatic 無癥狀的
68.restriction on movement 出行限制
69.lockdown封城
70.prohibited 禁止的
71.avoid social gathering 避免社交聚集
72.social distance 社交距離
73.socialize社交

【寫作詞匯】

1.taste vt. 品嘗vi. 嘗起來 n. 品味；味道tasty/delicious adj. 美味的；可口的
2.unhealthy adj. 不健康的
3.serve vt. 招待(顧客等)；服務(wù) vi. 充當(dāng)(as)
4.cook n. 廚師cooker n. 廚具
5.digest vt. & vi. 消化n. 摘要；文摘
6.kitchen n. 廚房
7.overweight adj. 太胖的；超重的
8.poison n. 毒；毒藥vt. 使中毒
9.recover vi.& vt. 痊愈；恢復(fù)；重新獲得
10.sleepy adj. 想睡的；困倦的
11.sleep specialist 睡眠專家
12.asleep adj. 睡著的；熟睡的
13.awake adj. 醒著的vt.&vi. 喚醒
14.drug n. 藥；藥物；麻醉藥；毒品
15.cure n．&v. 治好；治愈
16.cause n. 原因；起因；事業(yè)vt. 促使；引起
17.risk n. 風(fēng)險；冒險vt. 冒……的風(fēng)險
18.risky adj. 冒險的
19.effect n. 結(jié)果；效力effective adj. 有效的
20.medical adj. 醫(yī)學(xué)的；醫(yī)療的medicine n. 藥
21.develop a healthy eating habit 養(yǎng)成健康飲食的習(xí)慣
22.keep a balanced diet 保持均衡的飲食
23.keep fit/healthy 保持健康
24.be harmful to/do harm to/be bad for對……有害
25.build up one’s body/strength 增強某人的體質(zhì)
26.break down (身體)垮掉；(汽車)拋錨；計劃中止；(談判)失敗
27.go Dutch AA制(各付各的賬)
28.be beneficial to 對……有益
29.be/get fed up with 對……厭倦
30.be rich/wealthy/abundant in 富含
31.be high/low in 含……高/低
32.be in good health 身體健康
33.be/go on a diet 節(jié)食
34.go on a low－fat diet 低脂飲食
35.treat sb to lunch 請某人吃午飯
36.eat out/dine out 外出就餐
37.be particular about food 挑食
38.order a meal 點餐
39.main course 主菜
40.skip breakfast 不吃早飯
41.sleep like a log 睡得很沉
42.suffer from insomnia 遭受失眠之苦
43.toss and turn 輾轉(zhuǎn)反側(cè)
44.doze off 打瞌睡；打盹兒
45.have enough/adequate sleep 擁有充足的睡眠
46.a heavy sleeper 一個睡得很沉的人
47.a light sleeper 一個睡得很淺的人
48.sleep tight 美美地睡一覺
49.be tired out 筋疲力盡
50.body clock 生物鐘
51.take a nap 小睡；打盹兒
52.stay up 熬夜
53.set a second alarm 又一次定鬧鐘
54.go to bed early and get up early 早睡早起
55.keep it up 繼續(xù)下去
56.keep track of 記錄
57.stick to 堅持
58.make up for 彌補
59.compensate for 補償；彌補

三．佳句默寫
1．As far as I’m concerned，we should develop a healthy eating habit to build up our strength.Only in this way can we have enough energy to study.
我認(rèn)為，我們應(yīng)該養(yǎng)成健康的飲食習(xí)慣來增強體力。只有這樣我們才能有足夠的精力學(xué)習(xí)。
2．Eating in a healthy way and exercising regularly are the key to keeping healthy.
健康飲食和經(jīng)常運動是保持健康的關(guān)鍵。
3．The majority of people take in too much fat and not enough fibre，which does great harm to their health.
大多數(shù)人攝入的脂肪太多，纖維不足，這對他們的健康很有害。
4．(續(xù)寫佳句)He was so excited/thrilled that he could hardly fall asleep.他如此激動以至于難以入睡。
5．Staying up to study does harm to your health.Furthermore，it will affect your study the following day for lack of energy.熬夜學(xué)習(xí)對你的身體有害。此外，他還會因為精力不足而影響第二天的學(xué)習(xí)。
6．It goes without saying that going to bed early and getting up early is of great benefit to our health.
毋庸置疑，早睡早起對我們的身體有益。
7．We need adequate sleep in that staying up too late is bad for our health.
我們需要足夠的睡眠，因為熬夜對我們的健康有害。
8．Early to bed and early to rise makes a person healthy，wealthy and wise.
早睡早起會使人健康、富有和聰明。
話題精練
一．完形填空
一
Devon Gallagher，a college graduate from Philadelphia，wants the world to know where she’s been during her great worldwide vacation in a special way.
The traveler，who was 1 with a bone disease，had her right leg 2 at the age of four.Although the amputation(截肢) caused difficulties for Gallagher early on，she，at the age of 22 now， 3 it as an inspiration for making the 4 of her life.
To spread that 5 ，Gallagher turns to social media，where she 6 photographs of her travels across the world，but instead of 7 using a geographical tag，she draws her location across her artificial leg before taking a picture.
Now she has been taking pictures across Europe.“I get a new leg every two years and I can choose the design on it.One day I had a sudden 8 that my new leg could be used as a blackboard，”Gallagher said.“My mum and grandmother weren’t too 9 the idea，but my friends thought it was great and told me to go for it，so I did.”
Gallagher said people often stared when she’s 10 on her leg，but that once she shared the photos，she received only praise and encouragement.“My leg hasn’t 11 me from doing anything I’ve wanted to do，” she said.“I don’t know whether it is my determination to 12 to myself that I can do it，but anyhow，I’ve been able to 13 my peers and lead a pretty great life.”
Gallagher shows us that you should never let anything stand in the 14 of your dream.And if you meet with an obstacle(障礙)，get 15 with it—if life gives you an artificial leg，make art.
1．A.born B．charged
C．filled D．linked
2．A.checked B．treated
C．cut D．donated
3．A.views B．chooses
C．selects D．respects
4．A.coolest B．best
C．worst D．highest
5．A.evidence B．news
C．message D．plan
6．A.takes B．brings
C．stores D．shares
7．A.simply B．officially
C．finally D．roughly
8．A.expectation B．thought
C．belief D．opinion
9．A.curious about B．fond of
C．patient with D．a(chǎn)fraid of
10．A.walking B．reporting
C．writing D．standing
11．A.protected B．scared
C．stopped D．defended
12．A.say B．suggest　C．prove D．explain
13．A.make up with B．come up with
C．put up with D．keep up with
14．A.way B．corner
C．front D．bottom
15．A.satisfied B．creative
C．familiar D．tired

語篇解讀　本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。Devon Gallagher身殘志堅，她每去一個地方旅游就在假肢上寫下地點，并在社交媒體上分享照片。她以這種特殊的方式環(huán)游世界，鼓勵人們創(chuàng)造性地利用障礙，做想做的事情。

1A【解析】由空后的“with a bone disease，had her right leg at the age of four”可知，Gallagher生來就患有骨病。be born with天生具有；be charged with被指控；be filled with充滿；be linked with和……有聯(lián)系。
2C【解析】根據(jù)下文中的“Although the amputation(截肢) caused difficulties for Gallagher early on”可知，Gallagher的右腿被切除了。
3A【解析】根據(jù)語境及常識可知，雖然截肢在早期給Gallagher帶來了很多困難，但如今22歲的她認(rèn)為這是讓她善處逆境的一種激勵。view sb./sth.＋as＋adj./n.表示“把……視為……”。
4B【解析】參見上題解析。make the best of盡可能利用，善處逆境。
5C【解析】空處指的是“ it as an inspiration for making the of her life”這一信息，故選C項。
6D【解析】由下文中的“but that once she shared the photos，she received only praise and encouragement”可知，Gallagher在社交媒體上分享自己在世界各地旅行的照片。
7A【解析】此處指Gallagher并不是簡單地使用地理標(biāo)簽，而是拍照前在假肢上畫出自己的位置。
8B【解析】根據(jù)下文中的“My mum and grandmother weren’t too the idea”可知，此處指Gallagher突然有一個“把新假肢當(dāng)黑板用”的想法。
9B【解析】根據(jù)空后的“but my friends thought it was great and told me to go for it，so I did”可知，這里表對比，應(yīng)表示Gallagher的母親和祖母不太喜歡這個想法。be curious about對……好奇；be fond of喜歡……；be patient with對……有耐心；be afraid of害怕……。
10C【解析】根據(jù)上文中的“my new leg could be used as a blackboard”可知，Gallagher說當(dāng)她在腿上寫字時，人們常常盯著她看。故選C。
11C【解析】Gallagher說她的腿沒有阻止她做任何想做的事。stop sb.from doing sth.意為“阻止某人做某事”，為固定用法。故選C。
12C【解析】Gallagher不知道向自己證明自己能做到是否是自己的決心，但至少她已經(jīng)能夠趕上同齡人，過著相當(dāng)美好的生活。
13D【解析】參見上題解析。make up with與……和解；come up with想出；put up with忍受；keep up with跟上，保持同步，故選D。
14A【解析】Gallagher向我們證明，你永遠都不應(yīng)該讓任何事情阻礙你的夢想。故選A。in the way意為“擋路”。
15B【解析】如果你遇到了一個障礙，要有創(chuàng)造力——如果生活給了你一條假肢，那就去創(chuàng)造藝術(shù)。satisfied滿意的；creative有創(chuàng)造力的；familiar熟悉的；tired厭倦的。
二
閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
Recently I had an experience of eating dinner at a “dark restaurant”，where people eat in complete 1 .Diners eat their whole meal in total blackness and have to 2 the waiters’ guidance if they need to go to the bathroom.I wanted to understand the experience of being 3 .Then I found out eating was a really 4 activity.
It was a special meal.Because we couldn’t see where anything was，my friend and I knocked down glasses and 5 food.Even though my senses of taste and 6 became more sensitive (敏感的)，I had to eat much more slowly，trying to 7 what I was eating. 8 water was without doubt difficult，and I even kept drinking from my friend’s glass.
After failing to 9 any food with a fork for five minutes，I decided to use my 10 .I reached down，expecting rice and vegetables，but instead，I stuck my hand into a bowl of warm，thick soup.“Ahh...！” “It’s best to use a 11 for this soup，” the waiter said into my ear.It was 12 but much too late.Even using a spoon，most of the soup ended up on my shirt.I felt 13 ，even though no one could see me.
Our waiter advised us to lift the plates and bowls close to our faces.Only in this way was I able to eat something. 14 ，when I left the restaurant，I still felt 15 .Anyway，through this special dining，I was much more aware of the challenges that blind people face.
1．A.surprise B．darkness
C．pity D．honor
2．A.give up B．care about
C．rely on D．turn down
3．A.blind B．smart
C．rich D．quiet
4．A.boring B．moving
C．difficult D．traditional
5．A.made B．dropped　C．threw D．had
6．A.direction B．satisfaction
C．sight D．smell
7．A.guess B．observe
C．a(chǎn)fford D．stand
8．A.Pouring B．Spreading
C．Saving D．Tasting
9．A.make up B．give back
C．work out D．pick up
10．A.hands B．bowls
C．courage D．intelligence
11．A.fork B．spoon
C．knife D．plate
12．A.incorrect B．strange
C．helpful D．fun
13．A.delighted B．embarrassed
C．sad D．unknown
14．A.So B．Besides
C．However D．Instead
15．A.angry B．excited
C．sick D．hungry
語篇解讀　本文是記敘文。作者講述了一次在“黑暗餐廳”吃飯的經(jīng)歷，雖然沒吃到多少食物，但體驗了盲人的生活，理解了他們的不易。
1B【解析】surprise驚奇；darkness黑暗；pity憐憫，同情；honor榮譽。根據(jù)句中“dark restaurant”和下句的“in total blackness”可知是在黑暗的環(huán)境中吃飯，故選B。
2C【解析】give up放棄；care about擔(dān)心，關(guān)心；rely on依靠；turn down關(guān)小，調(diào)低。因為用餐環(huán)境黑暗且不熟悉，所以要靠服務(wù)員的幫助，故選C。
3A【解析】blind瞎的；smart聰明的；rich富有的；quiet安靜的。因為是在完全黑暗的環(huán)境用餐，所以是體驗盲人的生活。故選A。
4C【解析】boring無聊的；moving移動的；difficult困難的；traditional傳統(tǒng)的。此處指作者通過在黑暗的環(huán)境就餐體會到了盲人的困難，故選C。
5B【解析】句意為：因為我們看不見東西在哪里，我和朋友打翻了杯子并弄掉了食物。make使，讓；drop掉落；throw扔；have有。故選B。
6D【解析】direction方向；satisfaction滿意；sight視力；smell聞，嗅。因為是在黑暗環(huán)境像盲人一樣就餐，所以靠味覺和嗅覺。故選D。
7A【解析】guess猜測；observe觀察；afford買得起，提供；stand站立，忍受。因為看不見食物，所以只能靠味覺和嗅覺猜測食物，故選A。
8A【解析】pour倒，傾瀉；spread傳播；save節(jié)約，挽救；taste品嘗。與下文拿錯朋友的杯子喝水呼應(yīng)，可知是倒水困難，其他選項不符句意，故選A。
9D【解析】make up組成，編造；give back歸還，恢復(fù)；work out解決，實現(xiàn)；pick up拾起。此處指吃飯時用叉子叉起東西，故選D。
10A【解析】hand手；bowl碗；courage勇氣；intelligence智力。根據(jù)下句“I stuck my hand into a bowl of warm，thick soup.”可知作者是用手去拿食物，故選A。
11B【解析】fork叉子；spoon勺子；knife刀子；plate盤子。根據(jù)下文“Even using a spoon”和常識可知用勺子喝湯，故選B。
12C【解析】incorrect錯誤的；strange奇怪的；helpful有幫助的；fun有趣的。此處指勺子有助于喝湯，故選C。
13B【解析】delighted高興的；embarrassed尷尬的；sad悲傷的；unknown未知的。喝湯時沒喝到嘴里而是灑在衣服上是令人尷尬的，故選B。
14C【解析】句意為：只有這樣我才能吃點東西。然而，當(dāng)我離開餐館時，我仍然感到很餓。so如此；besides此外；however然而；instead反而。前后句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選C。
15D【解析】angry生氣的；excited興奮的；sick生病的；hungry饑餓的。根據(jù)描述可知作者在黑暗中用叉子叉不住東西，用手又抓到了湯里，喝湯卻灑在了衣服上，沒吃到什么食物，所以離開時還是很饑餓。故選D。
二．閱讀理解
一
As a first responder, you never know what type of situation you might walk into, or who you’ll meet along the way.That’s definitely been the case for Jeffrey Lanenberg, a 51-year-old paramedic (急救醫(yī)務(wù)人員) since 1984.
Ten years into the job, Lanenberg received a call that reported that a man in his early 30s had fallen down in the Mall of America.When Lanenberg and his partner arrived at the scene, they found the young male face down on the ground.He had gone unconscious, making weak attempts to breathe.His wife stood beside him holding their small son in horror.They quickly rushed to defibrillate(除顫) and calm the man to keep him under control.After Lanenberg dropped the patient off at the neighboring hospital, he thought about the man and his family for a long time.
Lanenberg thought he had experienced everything under the sun until one random visit to Office Max three years ago，where he met a man repeatedly walking back and forth while staring at him.As it turned out, the man was the patient he had saved 20 years earlier.
“You gave me 20 years more than I ever thought I’d have，” the man said.He thanked Lanenberg repeatedly and told him he had someone he wanted him to meet.He stepped around the corner and reappeared with a 20-something-year-old man.Lanenberg instantly knew that it was the son he had seen standing by his mother all those years ago.
“That day changed my life，” Lanenberg said.“Before that, everything was about work...When I talk to my beginner-training class, I tell them you never know the impact you can have on someone’s life.”
1.What did Lanenberg do with the young man?
A.He gave the man the first aid.
B.He cured the man at the scene.
C.He only sent the man to hospital.
D.He took care of the man’s wife and son.
2.What did Lanenberg think of the encounter with the man?
A.It was unbelievable.
B.It was a common routine.
C.It was a matter of course.
D.It was a dangerous situation.
3.Why was the man thankful to Lanenberg?
A.Lanenberg helped bring up his little son.
B.Lanenberg donated to support his family.
C.Lanenberg gave him the present happy life.
D.Lanenberg taught his son to be a new doctor.
4.How did the meeting change Lanenberg’s life?
A.He changed his attitude to his job.
B.He was rewarded with much money.
C.He got a promotion to be a team leader.
D.He took up teaching work to train newcomers.
【語篇解讀】　本文是記敘文。文章講述了一位急救醫(yī)務(wù)人員和被他搶救的年輕人之間的故事。
1A　【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句They quickly rushed to...him under control.可知，Lanenberg和他的同事在第一時間對這名男子實施了急救。故選A。
2A　【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句可知，Lanenberg認(rèn)為自己什么事情都經(jīng)歷過，沒有什么事會讓他大驚小怪了，直到他再次遇見二十多年前他救過的那名男子。由此可推知，Lanenberg認(rèn)為再次見到二十多年前Lanenberg認(rèn)為他所做的一切都跟工作有關(guān)，但是這次見面改變了他對工作和生活的看法。故選A。
他救過的那名男子是令人難以置信的事。故選A。
3C　【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段可知，那名男子認(rèn)為Lanenberg對他的急救讓他多活了二十年，并且享受到了有家人相伴的幸福生活。故選C。
4A　【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“That day changed my...you can have on someone’s life.”可知，在這次見面之前，
二
It’s common knowledge that some countries have higher life expectancies (預(yù)期壽命) than others, but the city you live in can also affect your health.
Some cities are hard on their citizens.In places with poor city planning—Lagos was called out recently by the Economist Intelligence Unit—public spaces are few and far between，making outdoor activities hard.Lack of infrastructure (基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)jams the streets with cars and the air with pollutants, and people work long hours for little money.
These are just some of the factors concluded by Spotahome，a rental agency.They’ve analyzed data from a range of sources，including the World Health Organization, TripAdvisor and the CIA World Facebook to score each city on health, gym availability and quality, life expectancy, obesity (肥胖), green space and other elements to work out a list of the world’s healthiest cities.
The list is certainly Euro-centric but continuous sunshine is seen as a positive thing, even if it may be more of a disadvantage in other regions.But it does go some way towards suggesting which cities are getting it right in providing a good life for their inhabitants.
It may not be surprising to learn that most of the healthiest cities are in northern Europe, known for its people-first approach to city planning.Australia and Canada also do well—but Alaska, the first U.S.city is only in 34th place.The U.K.doesn’t fare too well either—its only city in the top 50 list is London, in 40th.
Whether you’re planning a wholesome holiday, or simply wondering what your city can do better, this list of the 50 healthiest cities will give you pause for thought.Here are the attractive, healthy-eating, clean-aired cities that are getting it right.
1.Why are some cities difficult to live in according to the text?
A.The air is heavily polluted.
B.There is no city planning.
C.Outdoor activities aren’t available.
D.Public places are limited.
2.How did Spotahome list the world’s healthiest cities?
A.By figuring out the city’s green area.
B.By gaining information via various people.
C.By analyzing different aspects of the cities.
D.By selecting those with the highest life expectancy.
3.What does the list aim to help people do?
A.Form healthy eating habits.
B.Choose a right place for a holiday.
C.Become aware of attractiveness of cities.
D.Reflect the future of the city planning.
4.Where is this text most likely from?
A.A diary. B.A guidebook.
C.A novel. D.A magazine.
【語篇解讀】　本文是說明文，介紹了世界上最健康的城市。
1D　【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“public spaces are few and far between”可知，公共用地有限是其中一個原因，故選D。
2C　【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，他們分析了來自各種渠道的數(shù)據(jù)，然后給每一個城市打分，根據(jù)健康、體育館的設(shè)備和使用質(zhì)量、預(yù)期壽命、肥胖、綠地空間和其他一些因素來作出最健康的城市名單。故選C項。
3B　【解析】推理判斷題。全文最后一段第一句話提到，不管你是正在計劃度假，還是僅僅想弄明白你的城市能夠更好地做些什么，這份50個最健康城市的名單，將會幫助你去思考。故選B項。
4D　【解析】文章出處題。通讀全文可知，本文介紹了全世界最健康的城市，應(yīng)該摘自一本雜志，而非日記、指南手冊和小說。故選D。
三
“The moment before they called my name, I was really nervous because the other finalists’ presentations are really good and I thought they would win，” Kara Fan, 14, who has won America’s Top Young Scientist, said.“When they announced my name, I was really surprised actually.”
To win that claim, Fan’s nano-particle liquid bandage had to surpass the experiments of hundreds of fifth to eighth graders as well as nine other finalists.Fan started developing her liquid bandage in April 2019 to fight the overuse of antibiotics (抗生素).
According to the CDC, roughly 2 million people every year suffer a bacterial infection in the U.S.and about 23，000 passed away as a result.If left alone, a UN study reported, drug-resistant diseases or the “superbug” could lead to 10 million deaths across the globe by 2050.When Fan’s sprayable bandage dries on a person’s skin, it creates a thin layer that protects the wounded area while breaking the cell wall and killing the bacteria on the skin.After experimenting with copper nitrate (硝酸銅) to fight bacteria，switching to the silver nitrate ended up being the major catalyst (催化劑) for seeing results of her award-winning project.
“Thousands of years ago, ancient people would use copper and silver containers to eat and they would drink water from copper bowls to kill bacteria，” Fan explained.“I found out that it didn’t work.So I used nano silver.”
Sir Alexander Fleming’s discovery of penicillin—a type of antibiotics—is Fan’s favorite scientific discovery.That said, she doesn’t think humans should rely too heavily on penicillin.
Following her years at Westview High School, Fan hopes to continue her biology track at Stanford University.Along with the $25，000 cash prize she won on October 29, becoming America’s Top Young Scientist may help get the private university’s attention.
1.How did Kara Fan feel about her winning the prize?
A.Confident. B.Regretful.
C.Proud. D.Unexpected.
2.For what purpose did Fan develop her liquid bandage?
A.To fight the overuse of antibiotics.
B.To enter a national contest.
C.To reduce deaths from injuries.
D.To get into a good university.
3.Which of the following does Fan use to kill bacteria?
A.Copper nitrate. B.Copper.
C.Silver. D.Nano silver.
4.What might be Fan’s opinion about penicillin?
A.Addictive. B.Valuable.
C.Useless. D.Irreplaceable.
【語篇解讀】　本文是記敘文。14歲的Kara Fan發(fā)明了一種納米顆粒液體繃帶，以減少人們過度使用抗生素。憑借這一發(fā)明，Kara Fan贏得了“美國頂尖青年科學(xué)家”稱號。
1D 　【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“When they announced my name，I was really surprised actually”可知，Kara Fan聽到自己獲獎時感到很驚訝，這出乎她的意料。
2A　【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Fan started developing her liquid bandage in April 2019 to fight the overuse of antibiotics(抗生素)”可知，F(xiàn)an研發(fā)液體繃帶是為了阻止抗生素的濫用。
3D　【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“ancient people would use copper...to kill bacteria”“I found out that it didn’t work.So I used nano silver”可知，F(xiàn)an選用了納米銀來殺死細菌。
4B　【解析】觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Sir Alexander Fleming’s discovery of penicillin—a type of antibiotics—is Fan’s favorite scientific discovery”可知，F(xiàn)an認(rèn)為盤尼西林是很有價值的。
四
We’re so attached to plastic, but we’re careless consumers.Waste plastic is entering our ecosystems and food chains with untold consequences.Cleaning up our polluted world of plastic may seem a noble, but thankless task.However, some people are seeing economic opportunity in the mission.
Plastic Bank, a social enterprise from Canada, is monetizing plastic recycling while empowering those people most affected by the waste.It works to prevent waste plastic from entering oceans by encouraging people in developing countries to collect plastic from their communities in exchange for cash, food, clean water or school tuition for their children.After collection, plastic is weighed, sorted, chipped, melted into balls and sold on as “raw material” to be made into everything from bottles for cleaning products to clothing.
“I saw large quantities；I saw an opportunity，” CEO David Katz told the audience at the Sustainable Brands Oceans Conference in Porto, Portugal on November 14.“We reveal the value in this material，” he added.
Plastic Bank was founded in 2013 and launched the ground operations in 2014 in Haiti, one of the poorest countries in the Western Hemisphere, where close to 60% of the population live under the poverty line.As a result of poor waste disposal and recycling infrastructure (基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施), plastic waste enters rivers or is burned and poses the health threats to the local residents.
The company says it has over 2，000 collectors working in the country, with 63% of its full-time collectors on average above the poverty line thanks to the income they make from the project.Through its app-based payment system, many collectors now have bank accounts for the first time, and are able to ultimately escape ultra-poverty.
“Nothing we’re doing is against the laws of physics，” said Katz.“All the technology exists for us to solve problems and save the world.It’s only creative thought.”
1.What does Plastic Bank aim to do?
A.Test out creative ideas.
B.Discover new material.
C.Promote plastic recycling.
D.Stop people using plastic.
2.Which of the following shows the process of monetizing in Paragraph 2?
A.Purchasing—collecting—recycling.
B.Exchanging—collecting—purchasing.
C.Collecting—exchanging—reproducing.
D.Persuading—consuming—reproducing.
3.What do the numbers in Paragraph 5 indicate?
A.Haiti attaches great importance to recycling.
B.Many Haitians benefit greatly from the project.
C.Collecting is an efficient way to recycle waste.
D.The project has solved unemployment in Haiti.
4.What may be the best title for the text?
A.Companies stand to ban plastic consumption
B.Technology finds its way to kick off poverty
C.David Katz speaks at the conference in Porto
D.Plastic Bank is fighting against plastic waste
【語篇解讀】　本文是說明文。廢塑料正在進入人類的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和食物鏈，并帶來難以形容的后果。加拿大的一家社會企業(yè)“塑料銀行”將塑料的回收利用貨幣化，使一些發(fā)展中國家的生活在貧困線以下的人通過收集塑料最終能擺脫極度貧困。
1C　【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，塑料銀行致力于通過鼓勵發(fā)展中國家的人們從其社區(qū)收集塑料以換取現(xiàn)金、食物、干凈的水或孩子的學(xué)費的方式防止廢塑料進入海洋，被收集的塑料經(jīng)過加工后將作為原料轉(zhuǎn)售，被制成各種產(chǎn)品。由此可知，塑料銀行的目的是促進塑料的回收利用。故選C。
2C　【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的第二、三句可知，人們先收集塑料，然后用塑料換取現(xiàn)金、食物、干凈的水或孩子的學(xué)費，最后，塑料被制成從清潔產(chǎn)品的瓶子到衣服等各種產(chǎn)品。故選C。
3B　【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段列出的數(shù)字可知，在海地有兩千多塑料收集者，平均63%的全職塑料收集者因為從這一項目中獲得收入而處于貧困線以上。由此可推知，這兩個數(shù)字表明很多海地人從該項目中受益很大，故選B。
4D　【解析】標(biāo)題判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了加拿大的一家社會企業(yè)“塑料銀行”將塑料的回收利用貨幣化，使一些發(fā)展中國家的生活在貧困線以下的人通過收集塑料最終能擺脫極度貧困。故D項最適合作本文的標(biāo)題。A項意為“公司可能會禁止塑料消費”。
五
You’ve probably heard it suggested that you need to move more throughout the day, and as a general rule of thumb, that “more” is often defined (給……下定義) as around 10，000 steps.With many Americans tracking their steps via new fitness-tracking wearables, or even just by carrying their phone, more and more people use the 10，000-step rule as their marker for healthy living.Dr.Greg Hager, professor of computer science at Johns Hopkins, decided to take a closer look at that 10，000-step rule, and he found that using it as a standard may be doing more harm than good for many.
“It turns out that in 1960 in Japan they figured out that the average Japanese man, when he walked 10，000 steps a day burned something like 3，000 calories and that is what they thought the average person should consume so they picked 10，000 steps as a number，” Hager said.
According to Hager, asking everyone to shoot for 10，000 steps each day could be harmful to the elderly or those with medical conditions that make it unwise for them to jump into that level of exercise, even if it’s walking.The bottom line is that 10，000 steps may be too many for some and too few for others.He also noted that those with shorter legs have an easier time hitting the 10，000-step goal because they have to take more steps than people with longer legs to cover the distance.It seems that 10，000 steps may be suitable for the latter.
A more recent study focused on older women and how many steps can help maintain good health and promote longevity (長壽).The study included nearly 17，000 women with an average age of 72.Researchers found that women who took 4，400 steps per day were about 40% less likely to die during a follow-up period of just over four years, compared to women who took 2，700 steps.Interestingly, women in the study who walked more than 7，500 steps each day got no extra boost in longevity.
1.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A.The phone recording.
B.The 10，000-step rule.
C.The healthy living.
D.The fitness-tracking method.
2.What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A.How many steps a Japanese walks.
B.How we calculate the amount of steps.
C.If burning 3，000 calories daily is scientific.
D.Where 10，000 steps a day came from.
3.Who will probably benefit from 10，000 steps each day according to Hager?
A.Senior citizens.
B.Young short-legged people.
C.Healthy long-legged people.
D.Weak individuals.
4.How many steps may the researchers suggest senior citizens take each day?
A.4，400 steps. B.10，000 steps.
C.2，700 steps. D.7，500 steps.
【語篇解讀】　本文是說明文。很多人都認(rèn)為一天一萬步有益于身體健康?？茖W(xué)家經(jīng)過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，這并不一定。一萬步對一些人來說太多了，而對另一些人來說太少了。
1B　【解析】代詞指代題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Dr.Greg Hager，...10，000-step rule”(約翰·霍普金斯大學(xué)計算機科學(xué)教授Greg Hager博士決定進一步研究這條一萬步法則)可知，他發(fā)現(xiàn)將每日一萬步作為一種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可能對許多人弊大于利，故答案為B。
2D　【解析】段落大意題。第二段主要介紹了每日一萬步這一流行健康標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的起源，故答案為D。
3C　【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，將一萬步作為每天的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對老年人和患病的人來說運動量過高，可能對他們有害；且同樣的距離內(nèi)，腿短的人比腿長的人更容易達到一萬步的目標(biāo)，所以一萬步對有的人來說太多，而對另一些人來說太少。相對而言，一萬步目標(biāo)對健康的、腿長的人來說是比較合理的。故選C。
4A　【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“The study...who took 2，700 steps”(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，與每天走2 700步的女性相比，每天走4 400步的女性在4年以上的隨訪期內(nèi)死亡的可能性要低40%左右)可推斷，研究人員可能建議老年人每天走4 400步，故答案為A。
六
Rick Guidotti put aside his career as a fashioned photographer to turn his lens (鏡頭) to people living with genetic, physical and behavioral differences.
He says what changed his perception of beauty was a chance encounter with an albino (患白化病的) girl.“I was just tired of people telling me who was beautiful.Every season that face would change but I was always told who was beautiful.As an artist, I don’t see beauty just on covers of magazines.I see it everywhere.So that kind of was my initial kind of—that opened my eyes a little wider and wider.”
Guidotti has created Positive Exposure, a not-for-profit organization that uses photography and video to transform public perceptions and promote a world where differences are celebrated.Guidotti and Positive Exposure are featured in a new documentary called On Beauty.
One of the women featured in the film is Jayne Waithera.“I never thought I was beautiful because nobody said that to me, but my meeting him was my profound moment.I remember that particular day.He took my picture and I felt so good like I felt there’s somebody who really loves me and sees me for who I am and who sees me more than my condition.”said Waithera.
Rick is traveling from city to city to promote On Beauty.He says his tour is not about money, it’s about the message：“As I travel from community to community, I’m taking photographs and I’m empowering individuals with a positive sense of who they are.They’re seeing beauty in their reflection but I’m also empowering their families and they in turn are empowering their communities as well.All is based on the philosophy of change—how you see, see how you change.”
1.Why did Rick change his career?
A.Because he couldn’t earn enough money from his former career.
B.Because the beauty on covers of magazines are not beautiful.
C.Because he wanted to create his own company.
D.Because his comprehension of beauty changed owing to an albino girl.
2.What can we know about Positive Exposure?
A.It brings a lot of money for Rick.
B.It makes the public more beautiful.
C.It welcomes differences in the world.
D.It makes photography more popular.
3.What does the author want to tell us by mentioning Jayne in Paragraph 4?
A.Jayne was beautiful indeed.
B.Photographs gave Jayne a positive sense of who she was.
C.It was unfair nobody discovered Jayne’s beauty.
D.Jayne’s picture was more beautiful than herself.
4.What does the author mainly intend to tell us in the last paragraph?
A.We should travel frequently.
B.Community has a great influence on everyone.
C.We should make contributions to our community.
D.Your attitude to seeing the world decides your behavior.
【語篇解讀】　本文是記敘文。文章講述了曾是時尚攝影師的Rick Guidotti改變了對美的理解，開始將鏡頭轉(zhuǎn)向特殊人群。
1D　【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句He says what changed his perception of beauty was a chance encounter with an albino(患白化病的) girl.并結(jié)合第一段內(nèi)容可知，Rick改變了自己的職業(yè)，是因為一位白化病女孩改變了他對美的理解。故選D。
2C　【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句Guidotti has created...differences are celebrated.可知，這個組織樂于接受世界上的不同。故選C。
3B　【解析】目的意圖題。通讀第四段可知，在遇到Rick前，Jayne從來沒想過自己很美，因為沒人說過她美，但是在Rick給她拍照后，她感覺很好，感到有人很喜歡她并且看到了真實的她，而不是只看到她的疾病，那天對她來講是難忘的、特別的。由此可知，作者提到Jayne是想告訴我們那些照片讓Jayne對自己有了積極的自我認(rèn)識。故選B。
4D　【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，本段介紹了Rick向大家傳達的一個信息：要用積極的心態(tài)看待自己、發(fā)現(xiàn)自我，在反思中發(fā)現(xiàn)美，同時鼓勵周圍的人也做出改變。由此可知，作者想告訴我們看待世界的態(tài)度決定了一個人的行為。故選D。
七
There’s one easy thing you can do every day to live longer and happier, according to a recent study, and it has nothing to do with diet, exercise, or cutting out bad habits.
A review of nearly 150 studies with more than 300，000 participants found that having active social circles decreases your chances of dying by 50 percent, regardless of age, gender or medical history.“When we’re social, we live longer，” Dr.Kelli Harding noted.“Loneliness is more of a risk factor to health than other known risk factors, like high blood pressure and obesity.”
The findings are written up in Dr.Harding’s new book, The Rabbit Effect, which is about how kindness, rather than laughter，may be the best medicine.The book gets its title from a famous 1978 study of the relationship between cholesterol (膽固醇) and heart health in rabbits.Researchers accidentally discovered that those rabbits that received the most affection from their human handlers lived much longer than the others.
We live in a world where most of our social interactions happen through our phones.But to get the health benefits of a more active social circle, you don’t have to throw away your device and join a book club.More casual interactions with neighbors, shop owners, and others you meet every day can do the trick.Increasingly, those relationships can start online.That’s where Nextdoor comes in.The stated purpose of the company is “to cultivate a kinder world where everyone has a neighborhood they can depend on”.
When asked for advice on one thing you can do to live longer and happier, Dr.Harding said it perfectly, “Be kind.It’s actually pretty amazing how much each person can make the world a better, kinder, healthier place.It really takes very little and you never know the impact you have on somebody.”
1.What do we know about The Rabbit Effect?
A.Its title comes from a study.
B.It’s a report about heart health.
C.Laughter could cure diseases.
D.Rabbits could help live longer.
2.What’s the purpose of Nextdoor?
A.To advocate online shopping to save time.
B.To offer the neighborhood sports facilities.
C.To settle the arguments among the families.
D.To create a harmonious community to rely on.
3.What does the underlined phrase “do the trick” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A.Improve health and wellness.
B.Set up online relationships.
C.Build a happy and warm family.
D.Keep away from bad habits.
4.What can be inferred from Dr.Harding’s words in the last paragraph?
A.We can look for a kind neighborhood.
B.We should be kind to animals in the wild.
C.Every small act of kindness can make a difference.
D.All kinds of social activities can make a better world.
【語篇解讀】　本文是說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，孤獨比高血壓、肥胖等對人的健康危害更大，而積極的社交活動能延長人的壽命。本文還介紹了成為友善的人能讓人活得更久、更快樂。
1A　【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“The book gets its title...heart health in rabbits”可知，《兔子效應(yīng)》這本書的書名來自1978年所做的一項兔子中膽固醇和心臟健康的關(guān)系的研究，故A項正確。
2D　【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段尾句“The stated purpose of...they can depend on’”可知，Nextdoor的目的是建立一個更友善的世界，在那里每個人都有一個可以依靠的社區(qū)，故D項正確。
3A　【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段第二句可知，為了從一個比較積極的社交圈中得到健康，你不用扔掉你的設(shè)備，加入一個書友會；結(jié)合第三句“More casual interactions...can do the trick”可知，和鄰居、商店店主以及你每天遇到的人較隨意的互動可以改善健康。故A項正確。
4C　【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段Dr.Harding所說的話“Be kind...on somebody”可知，Dr.Harding告誡人們要善良，他認(rèn)為每個人都能讓世界變得更美好、更友善、更健康，而且只需要付出很少；你永遠不知道你對某個人的影響。據(jù)此可以推知，每一個小的善舉都會有作用，故C項正確。
七選五
一
The Slow Food Movement started in Rome, Italy in 1986.When a new McDonald’s was opening near a beautiful historic place, some people stood outside the restaurant and shouted, “We do not want fast food, we want slow food！”
__1__ One day Carlo Petrini went to a restaurant to eat a traditional meal.But the food didn’t taste the same as he remembered.He learned that the peppers were shipped from abroad because the prices were low.This deeply concerned Carlo.
Carlo wanted people to care about where their foods came from and how their foods made their culture special.So he started a group to encourage this idea.It soon became the Slow Food Movement.__2__
First, what is good food? Good food is fresh.The vegetables are eaten close to the place where they are grown.The fish hasn’t been sitting for days before it is eaten.Good food is seasonable.__3__ Good food satisfies the senses.It should look good, smell good and taste good.And finally, good food is cultural food.Each country has special foods that make it different.
Second, food should be clean.Today, there are great concerns about the way people grow and produce food.Farmers use chemicals to kill insects and feed plants.But the chemicals can also harm the natural environment around farms.__4__ Clean food means food that does not harm our bodies or the environment.
And third, food should be fair.__5__ All people should be able to purchase healthy food.The people who grow and make food should be paid fairly for their work.They should work in safe, healthy conditions.
A.Food should not cost too much money.
B.Its goal is to have good, clean, fair food for all people.
C.Over time, they can cause health problems in people too.
D.That was how the Slow Food Movement came into being.
E.It should be grown at the best time of the year for that food.
F.Today the Slow Food Movement has already expanded out of Italy.
G.This event wasn’t the only thing that started the Slow Food Movement.
【語篇解讀】　本文是說明文，主要介紹了興起于意大利的“慢食運動”及其目的。
1.G　【解析】上文提到當(dāng)一家快餐店在歷史名城羅馬開業(yè)后，一些人堅決抵制而發(fā)起了“慢食運動”；下文是Carlo Petrini在餐館嘗出來自國外的辣椒的口感與傳統(tǒng)的不同而集結(jié)了一群人并發(fā)起了“慢食運動”。所以空處應(yīng)該是說除了前面提到的那件事，還有一件事促使“慢食運動”的興起。故G項符合。
2.B　【解析】本段說明Carlo Petrini發(fā)起了“慢食運動”，下面三段分層次說了食物應(yīng)該質(zhì)量優(yōu)良、清潔和價格合理。故此空填B選項，說明該運動的目的是讓人們有質(zhì)量優(yōu)良、清潔、價格合理的食物，且B選項與下文對應(yīng)。
3.E　【解析】空前說好的食物應(yīng)該是合時令的。所以此空應(yīng)該與食物生長的時令有關(guān)，故E項符合語境。
4.C　【解析】空前說化學(xué)物質(zhì)會損害農(nóng)場周圍的自然環(huán)境。下文說清潔的食物不會傷害人的身體或者環(huán)境。所以此空應(yīng)該是說化學(xué)物質(zhì)對人體也有傷害，故C項符合題境。
5.A　【解析】空前說食物應(yīng)該價格公道，空后說所有人應(yīng)該都能買健康的食物。所以此空應(yīng)該說食物不應(yīng)該太昂貴，故A項符合語境。
二
You probably think of food poisoning as something that you might pick up at a greasy spoon or an outdoor barbecue stand.__1__ The way you handle food in your own kitchen—which, unlike a restaurant, doesn’t have to conform to health regulations—can just as easily make you sick.Here are some most overlooked food safety guidelines.
Wash your hands properly.
This might seem like the most obvious food safety practice.However, most people don’t bother to do it.And the minority that does wash doesn’t do it properly—which might be even more dangerous，because they think they’re protecting themselves and their families, when they aren’t.__2__
__3__
Chances are you’ve probably taken a bite of something in the fridge that’s just a bit past the expiration date, in an effort to see if it’s safe to eat the rest of it.If it’s gone dangerously bad, it should taste extremely unpleasant, right？__4__ According to the United States Department of Agriculture，there is one type of bacteria which typically doesn’t alter the taste, smell or appearance of food.
Wash fruit and veggies, even if you’re going to peel (削皮) them.
__5__ The problem is that when you cut away the unwashed skin and then use the same knife to cut up what’s underneath that, you actually may be spreading bacteria from the outside to the previously pristine inside.In fact, you can contaminate (弄臟) the veggies further if your salad bowl or sink is not clean.
A.Not necessarily.
B.Better safe than sorry.
C.Don’t taste food to see if it’s good.
D.However you wash your hands, at least wash them.
E.Why wash them when you are not going to eat the skin?
F.But those aren’t the only places where you might get food poisoning.
G.You are supposed to wet your hands with running water，apply soap and wash for at least 20 seconds.
【語篇解讀】　本文是說明文。主要介紹了在我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪幸恍┍缓鲆暤氖澄锇踩改希ㄕ_地洗手、削皮前也要洗水果和蔬菜等。
1.F　【解析】空前一句是說你可能認(rèn)為在低級餐館或戶外燒烤攤你可能會食物中毒，空后一句是說你在自己廚房里處理食物的方式也容易使你生病，故F項“但是那些并不是你可能食物中毒的唯一地方。”符合語境。
2.G　【解析】根據(jù)該段的標(biāo)題Wash your hands properly.可知，該段是講正確洗手的內(nèi)容，故G項“你應(yīng)該用流動的水弄濕你的手，涂上肥皂，至少洗20秒”與此處匹配。
3.C　【解析】此處為該段的標(biāo)題。根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容可知，食物的味道、氣味或外觀即使沒有變化，過了保質(zhì)期的食物并不一定可以安全食用，故C項“不要品嘗食物以確認(rèn)其是否是好的”總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。
4.A　【解析】根據(jù)語境可知，空處應(yīng)是對前一句問句的回答，空后一句是說有一種細菌不會改變食物的味道、氣味或外觀，故A項符合語境。
5.E　【解析】根據(jù)該段標(biāo)題可知，該段講的是水果和蔬菜去皮前要清洗的內(nèi)容，結(jié)合空后一句的內(nèi)容可知，E項符合語境，故選E。
三
閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
For most of us，stress is a reality and learning how to deal with it is very important in our growth.After all，stress goes hand in hand with change，and our life is all about change. 1 We all behave a bit differently according to different types of stress.Here are some helpful tips to help you.
Eat right.Cola and chocolate are not the best way to keep healthy. 2
Get moving.Most of our everyday stress is related to school，work，or a lot of emotional problems. 3 When we are under a lot of stress，our bodies can develop a lot of muscle tension.Regular exercise can help you relax and feel better.
4 Essays won’t write themselves，and good grades require hard work，but don’t think much about the bad things.Give yourself praise where you can improve yourself.Stress is a clear sign of worry，but it doesn’t mean your situation is hopeless.
Speak up.The breakup of your favorite rock band isn’t the end of the world，but sometimes life throws some real problems at you.But don’t let the stress eat you up. 5 If you’re feeling seriously unhappy and unable to keep up with school and life，speak to a family member or your doctor.
A．Stay positive.
B．Talk to a trusted friend.
C．People could not think clearly when under stress.
D．The older a person is，the more stressed he feels.
E．There is simply no way to get away from stress completely.
F．However，a bit of physical activity can help us work it off.
G．Sure，everyone likes a little comfort food，but you will need a balanced diet.

1．E【解析】根據(jù)本空的前一句和后一句可知，壓力與變化相伴而生，而我們的生活就是關(guān)于變化的。我們每個人的行為都因壓力的不同而有所不同。本空起到承上啟下的作用，E項“根本沒有完全擺脫壓力的方法”符合句意。故選E。
2．G【解析】由標(biāo)題“Eat right”可知，設(shè)空處要與上一句一同來說明如何正確地飲食。G項“當(dāng)然，每個人都喜歡吃令人心情愉快的食物，但你需要均衡的飲食”符合句意。故選G。
3．F【解析】由本空前一句可知，我們每天的壓力大多與學(xué)校、工作或許多情緒問題有關(guān)。所以設(shè)空處與上一句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。F選項“然而，少量的體育活動可以幫助我們消除壓力”符合句意。故選F。
4．A【解析】設(shè)空處是本段小標(biāo)題。由本空后三句可知，本段主要在說明要保持積極的心態(tài)，也就是本段的小標(biāo)題所要說明的內(nèi)容。A選項“保持積極的心態(tài)”符合句意。故選A。
5．B【解析】由“But don’t let the stress eat you up.”可知，但是不要讓壓力吞噬你。所以設(shè)空處要說明應(yīng)該具體怎么做以此來呼應(yīng)標(biāo)題和承接下文。B選項“和值得信賴的朋友談一談”符合句意。故選B。

寫作
一
假定你是李華，是一名高中生。最近，你的筆友Amy給你寄來一封信，說她因發(fā)胖感到非?？鄲馈Ｕ埜鶕?jù)下列寫作要點給她寫一封建議信。內(nèi)容包括：
1．注意飲食合理，營養(yǎng)均衡；2.經(jīng)常鍛煉，保證睡眠充足；3.調(diào)整心態(tài)。
【范文必背】
Dear Amy，
I’m sorry to hear that you are upset because you have put on weight.Here are some tips to help you.
First of all，don’t worry too much about your weight.Nothing is more important than health.①To keep fit，you’d better have a balanced diet(為了保持健康，你最好均衡飲食), which contains various foods，such as grain，meat，vegetables，fruit and milk.The healthy foods provide enough energy for your body to function well.
Moreover，②it’s _of great importance to take regular exercise and have adequate sleep (有規(guī)律的鍛煉和充足的睡眠是很重要的)．Sports like riding and walking are beneficial to your health, which can help keep you in shape.As we all know，③enough sleep makes your body relaxed(充足的睡眠使你的身體放松)at night.There is no need to worry about weight gain and weight loss.Instead，you should focus your attention on your lessons.If you take my advice，you will feel much better soon.
Best wishes.
Yours，
Li Hua

二
假如你們學(xué)校的“英語角”將對“良好飲食習(xí)慣”這一話題進行討論。根據(jù)以下提示寫一篇發(fā)言稿。內(nèi)容要點包括：

部分同學(xué)的飲食習(xí)慣
良好的飲食習(xí)慣
你的看法
不吃早飯、愛吃零食、挑食、飲食過量
飲食多樣化、飲食定時定量
重要性：有助于……
【范文必背】
Dear friends，
As is known to us all, we are what we eat.Thus，①it’s more than vital for us students to form healthy eating habits(對我們學(xué)生來說，養(yǎng)成健康的飲食習(xí)慣是至關(guān)重要的)．
However，②bad eating habits are still very common(不好的飲食習(xí)慣依然很常見) among us.Some of us often go to school without breakfast; some like to have snacks; ③some others are particular about food(還有一些學(xué)生挑食); and still some eat or drink too much.All these bad habits ④will surely be harmful to our health(必然會損害我們的健康)．To keep healthy，we ought to have healthy and balanced diets, ⑤which generally include proper amounts of fish，meat，vegetables，fruit as well as main food(這一般包括適量的魚、肉、蔬菜、水果和主食)．Besides，we’d better have meals regularly.From my point of view，we should try to develop healthy eating habits to build up our body.⑥Only in this way can we have enough energy to study better(只有以這種方式我們才能有充足的精力來更好地學(xué)習(xí))．
That’s all.Thank you!

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