?2023年四川省成都市高考英語(yǔ)二診試卷
學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級(jí)：___________考號(hào)：___________
題號(hào)
一
二
三
四
五
六
總分
得分







注意事項(xiàng):
1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。
2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑；如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在試卷上無(wú)效。
3.考試結(jié)束后，本試卷和答題卡一并交回。


第I卷（選擇題）

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）
A
How?do?you?decide?which?charities?to?support？If?a?charity?receives?a?high?ranking，it?must?be?effective?at?meeting?its?mission.Therefore，we?pick?some?international?charities?that?rank?A+?in?terms?of?financial?health，accountability，and?transparency.
??? International?Children's?Fund
??? The?mission?of?the?International?Children's?Fund?（ICF）?is?to?come?to?the?aid?of?needy?children?worldwide?since?1987.This?charity?distributes?life-saving?food，clothing，and?medicine?and?it?supports?the?construction?of?orphanages，schools，churches?and?vocational?training?centers?across?the?African?continent.ICF?uses?an?impressive?99.7?percent?of?its?funding?for?projects.
??? Direct?Relief
??? With?a?history?of?over?7?decades，Direct?Relief?（DR）?is?a?humanitarian?organization?with?a?mission?to?improve?the?health?and?lives?of?people?affected?by?poverty?and?emergencies.DR's?assistance?programs?focus?on?emergency?preparedness?and?disaster?relief，disease?prevention?and?treatment?of?the?most?vulnerable?populations.DR?uses?a?99.4?percent?of?its?funding?for?programs.
??? MAP?International
??? Since?its?foundation?in?1954，MAP?has?served?millions?of?people.Its?mission?is?to?provide?medicines?and?health?supplies?to?those?in?need?around?the?world?so?they?might?experience?life?to?the?fullest.At?present，MAP?is?responding?to?recent?emergencies?that?include?areas?hit?by?earthquakes?or?hurricanes，as?well?as?helping?refugees.Contributions?go?a?long?way?here；a?25?donationprovides1，500?of?medicine.A?notable?99?percent?of?its?funding?is?used?for?aid?programs.
??? Books?for?Africa
??? Books?for?Africa?organization?collects，sorts，ships?and?distributes?books?that?are?donated?by?publishers，schools，libraries，organizations，and?individuals.Volunteers?choose?books?that?are?age?and?subject?appropriate.Enough?books?for?entire?classes?are?sent.To?date，41?million?books?have?been?distributed?to?once-empty?libraries?and?rural?schools?in?every?African?country.This?organization，founded?35?years?ago，also?uses?99?percent?of?its?funding?for?its?missions.
1. What?does?MAP?focus?on？?? ??????
A. Building?schools. B. Improving?people's?fitness.
C. Preventing?natural?disasters. D. Supplying?studying?materials.
2. Which?charity?has?the?longest?history？ ??????
A. Direct?Relief. B. Books?for?Africa.
C. MAP?International. D. International?Children's?Fund.
3. What?do?the?listed?charities?have?in?common？ ??????
A. The?people?who?founded?them.
B. The?region?they?offer?help?to.
C. The?organization?that?sponsors?them.
D. The?reputation?they?enjoy?worldwide.
B
Chinese?ink?paintings?once?were?on?the?edge?of?being?forgotten-at?least?according?to?a?paper?of?Li?Xiaoshan，a?postgraduate?art?student.
??? At?the?time，many?Chinese?painting?professionals?passed?away?without?finding?younger?artists?to? fill?their?shoes.Young?artists?were?left?on?their?own?to?find?breakthroughs?and?define?themselves?as?artists.While?extremely?exaggerated?（夸張），Li's?comment?sent?shock?waves?through?the?Chinese?painting?community.Since?then，many?experimental?painters?have?taken?to?their?studios?in?China，creating?many?astonishing?and?inspirational?ink?paintings?using?new?methods?and?concepts，marking?an?important?step?for?the?development?of?contemporary?Chinese?paintings.
??? Shao?Ge?is?a?representative?of?this?new?form.Born?to?an?ordinary?family?in?Beijing?in?1962，Shao?was?keen?on?traditional?Chinese?paintings.As?a?child，he?spent?much?of?his?time?staring?at?the?ink?masterpieces?in?the?Palace?Museum.There?was?an?elder?neighbor，who?was?good?at?Chinese?painting?and?calligraphy.In?his?spare?time，the?kind?elder?talked?about?traditional?Chinese?culture?to?young?Shao.Some?years?later，Shao?decided?to?study?painting?after?graduating?from?high?school.After?graduating?in?the?Beijing?Arts?and?Crafts?School?in?1978，Shao?was?sent?to?work?at?a?small?crafts?factory.Before?long，the?factory?went?bankrupt.Shao?later?passed?an?exam?and?became?a?painter?for?RongBao?Zhai，a?famous?Chinese?art?gallery?established?in?1672.This?career?jump?allowed?Shao?to?springboard?into?a?lifetime?of?ink?paintings.
??? "At?first，I?just?drew?everything-landscapes，figures，flowers，birds，and?fish，"?Shao?said.?"But?I?soon?found?sticking?to?traditional?thoughts?and?skills?of?Chinese?paintings?would?be?a?brake?on?my?development?as?a?professional?painter.For?this?reason，I?decided?to?innovate?my?own?style."
4. What?do?the?underlined?words?"fill?their?shoes"?mean?in?Paragraph?2？ ??????
A. Calm?them?down. B. Ask?them?for?help.
C. Focus?on?themselves. D. Take?over?their?roles.
5. What?does?Paragraph?3?mainly?introduce?about?Shao?Ge？ ??????
A. His?journey?to?art. B. His?family?background.
C. His?neighbor's?influence. D. His?passion?for?learning.
6. What?will?be?probably?talked?about?in?the?next?paragraph？ ??????
A. People's?view?of?Shao's?painting.
B. Shao's?impact?on?Chinese?painting.
C. The?development?of?traditional?painting.
D. Shao's?successful?experiment?in?painting.
7. In?which?column?of?a?newspaper?can?this?text?probably?be?found？ ??????
A. Fashion. B. Feature. C. Education. D. Literature.
C
Some?Italian?architects?have?completed?the?first?3?D-printed?home?made?from?clay?recently.It?is?called?TECLA，which?comes?from?"technology"?and?"clay".
??? Its?founder，Mario?Cucinella，points?out?that?building?homes?from?earth?is?not?new.Adobe-made?from?a?mix?of?earth，water?and?organic?material-is?one?of?the?world's?earliest?construction?materials，known?for?its?firmness，and?bio-degradability.He?hopes?that?its?design?can?become?a?practical?option?to?house?people?who?lack?adequate?housing?due?to?financial?issues.
??? Over?the?past?few?years，many?3?D-printed?homes?and?communities?have?been?conceptualized，promising?low?construction?costs.But?while?previous?structures?were?built?using?concrete?or?plastic，TECLA?was?mainly?built?from?soil?at?the?site?mixed?with?water?and?fibers?from?rice?husks.Cucinella?believes?this?approach?can?be?adopted?in?different?parts?of?the?world，using?whatever?local?materials?are?available，and?could?be?particularly?helpful?in?remote?areas，where?industrial?construction?materials?are?harder?to?come?by.
??? Printing?with?clay?has?its?drawbacks.It's?a?much?slower?process?than?quick-drying?concrete?3?D-printed?homes?and?all-clay?skyscrapers?are?not?likely?in?the?future.However，the?use?of?available?soil?and?the?program's?ease?of?construction?mean?that?TECLA?could?be?well-suited?to?provide?housing?in?many?different?countries.It?is?estimated?that?by?2030，3?billion?people?will?require?access?to?accessible?and?affordable?residences.?"You?can?build?this?kind?of?house?in?many?more?places?when?you?are?not?dependent?on?some?specific?product，"?Cucinella?explained.
??? TECLA?has?drawn?wide?attention.?"I'm?not?in?the?position?to?say?this?will?be?the?future?of?all?houses?on?the?planet，?"Russo，another?3?D-printing?architect?said.However，he?added，?"I?think?this?revolution?of?3?D?printing?is?to?give?people?a?degree?of?freedom?in?how?to?do?things，without?being?connected?to?a?big，professional?industry."
8. What's?the?purpose?of?TECLA？ ??????
A. To?make?3?D-printed?homes?firmer.
B. To?assist?in?solving?housing?issues.
C. To?provide?alternatives?for?house?buyers.
D. To?help?the?poor?through?financial?difficulty.
9. What?can?we?learn?about?the?construction?of?TECLA？ ??????
A. It's?quite?expensive.
B. It?takes?a?shorter?time.
C. It's?a?demanding?process.
D. It's?flexible?in?material?selection.
10. What?is?Russo's?attitude?to?TECLA？ ??????
A. Favorable. B. Critical. C. Doubtful. D. Tolerant.
11. What's?the?text?mainly?about？ ??????
A. A?design?that?can?replace?the?previous?patterns.
B. A?technology?that?takes?the?lead?in?architecture.
C. A?structure?where?tradition?meets?new?technology.
D. A?trend?where?technology?is?coupled?with?architecture.
D
In?2007?a?team?led?by?Stefan?Rahmstorf?compared?actual?observations?with?predictions?made?by?theoretical?models?for?three?key?climate?indicators：carbon?dioxide，global?temperature?and?sea-level?rise.While?the?predictions?got?CO2?levels?right，they?were?low?for?real?temperature?and?sea-level?rise.
??? Climate?scientists?have?a?surprising?habit：They?often?underestimate?the?climate?threat.The?articles?reporting?the?underestimates?have?been?widely?cited，so?one?might?think?that?scientists?have?taken?corrective?steps.But?recent?studies?of?Arctic?warming?suggest?that?the?problem?may?not?have?gone?away.As?polar?ice?melts?because?of?global?warming，the?Arctic?Ocean?absorbs?more?heat，which?causes?the?Arctic?to?warm?even?more.It?should?surprise?no?one?that?the?area?is?warming?fast.Yet?scientists?have?been?caught?off-guard?by?just?how?fast?the?region?is?heating?up.
??? In?2013，a?paper?was?published?pointing?out?that?these?underestimates?represent?subconscious?bias?（偏向）?caused?by?defensiveness.Scientists?tended?toward?lower?and?misleading?prediction?because?they?did?not?want?to?be?accused?of?making?dramatic?and?overstressed?claims.Even?now?scientists?continue?to?be?accused?of?overestimating?climate?risks?by?worrying?figures?which?get?much?media?attention，thus?biasing?their?models?to?be?unrealistically?conservative.
??? If?scientists?have?underestimated?Arctic?warming，they?have?likely?minimized?amounts?of?permafrost?（永久凍土）?melting?and?methane?（甲烷）?release?as?well.And?that?could?be?truly? dire?because?the?permafrost?holds?about?1.5?billion?tons?of?organic?carbon，twice?as?much?as?now?in?the?atmosphere.Were?that?carbon?to?be?rapidly?released，it?could?cause?a?picture：a?runaway?greenhouse?effect.Whatever?the?cause，it's?time?that?scientists?looked?seriously?at?whether?their?measuring?models?continue?to?underestimate?critical?aspects?of?the?climate?problem.Low?estimates?can?create?the?false?impression?that?we?have?more?time?to?fix?the?problem?than?we?actually?do.
12. Why?is?Rahmstorf's?research?in?Paragraph?1?mentioned？ ??????
A. To?highlight?the?urgency?in?global?warming.
B. To?show?the?inaccuracy?of?climate?predictions.
C. To?state?the?importance?of?precise?measurement.
D. To?express?the?difficulty?in?making?right?policies.
13. Why?do?climate?scientists?always?underestimate?climate?threats？ ??????
A. They?are?misled?by?the?statistics.
B. Their?reports?have?been?widely?cited.
C. They?want?to?avoid?blame?for?causing?anxiety.
D. They?aim?to?defend?themselves?from?fake?information.
14. What?does?the?underlined?word?"dire"?in?Paragraph?4?probably?mean？ ??????
A. Disastrous. B. Confusing. C. Impressive. D. Discouraging.
15. What's?the?best?title?of?this?text？ ??????
A. The?Arctic?Ocean?Is?Calling?for?Help
B. Climate?Scientists?Are?Under?Fire
C. The?Warming?Pace?Is?Underestimated
D. Climate?Predictions?Prove?Correct

二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共10.0分）
Push?yourselves?beyond?the?limits
Limits?are?blocks?between?you?and?your?success.You?will?face?great?resistance?when?attempting?to?break?through?the?limits.It?could?be?fear，lack?of?confidence，physical?disabilities，and?mental?block.If?you?desire?a?life?of?success，you?must?face?the?resistance?and?push?yourself?beyond?the?limits.?（1） ?????? ?Here?are?tips?for?you?to?succeed.
??? （2） ?????? ?Don't?wait?for?external?motivation?to?make?the?first?move.Discover?your?inner?motivation!It?could?be?a?motivational?video，articles，TED?Talks，or?quotes.Ensure?it?is?something?that?fills?you?with?passion?and?drive?to?get?things?done.Inspiration?can?push?you?forward.
Take?on?a?little?more?than?you?think?you?can.Pushing?past?your?limits?means?taking?on?newer，harder?challenges.If?you're?not?challenging?yourself?to?do?bigger?and?better?things?regularly，you're?only?working?within?what?you?already?can?do.（3） ??????
??? Work?on?your?goals?a?little?each?day.Chances?are?great?that?you?need?to?build?your?empire?brick?by?brick.That?takes?time?and?regular?effort.?（4） ?????? ?That?is，there?is?not?a?day?that?you?don't?work?on?your?big?goals，at?least?a?little?bit.It?can?be?fifteen?minutes?dedicated?to?doing?one?small?thing?that?will?get?you?closer?to?that?big?thing?you?want?to?accomplish.
??? Find?someone?who?supports?you?and?encourages?you?to?keep?going.?（5） ?????? ?Having?someone?to?support?you?can?balance?out?the?impact?of?any?negative?thinking?that?may?limit?you.It?could?be?a?life?coach，friend，parent，or?your?wife?or?husband.They?can?help?you?make?the?push?you?need?to?get?out?of?your?comfort?zone.

A.Inspire?yourself.
B.Rome?wasn't?built?in?a?day.
C.Discover?where?your?passion?lies.
D.A?bit?of?assistance?means?much?in?facing?resistance.
E.One?good?way?is?to?adopt?the?approach?of?"No?Zero?Days".
F.Failure?to?do?so?will?make?your?goals?and?dreams?unrealizable.
G.That's?a?way?to?stay?exactly?where?you?are?and?make?little?or?no?progress.
16. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G

三、完形填空（本大題共20小題，共30.0分）
"The?silence?is?killing?me，"?I?thought?as?I?locked?my?phone，hoping?a?new?message?would?light?up?the?screen.After?27?messages，two?phone?calls?and?a?voicemail，I'd?just?sent?my?final?text?to?the?person?who?（1） ?????? ?to?be?my?best?friend?at?college.
??? The?two?of?us?met?freshman?year?and，since?we?（2） ?????? ?almost?all?the?same?core?classes，rapidly?became?inseparable?throughout?college.We?（3） ?????? ?stayed?up?together?for?studying，and?were?each?other's?partner?for?late-night?pizza?runs.Then?one?day?after?graduation，she?suddenly?（4） ?????? ?responding，apart?from?claiming?she?"didn't?have?enough?time?for?herself".That?breakup?was?the?most?（5） ?????? ?I'd?experienced.After?four?years?of?building?such?a?（6） ?????? ?relationship，I?thought?I'd?at?least?receive?a（an）?（7） ?????? ?for?why?she?wanted?to?end?things.?（8） ?????? ，I?received?only?a?brief，indirect?message?about?self-care?and-what?hurt?me?most-a（an）?（9） ?????? .
??? Over?the?past?few?years，the?concept?of?"drawing?boundaries"?has?（10） ?????? ?in?the?pop?psychology.Discussions?of?cutting?people?off?and?protecting?your?energy（11） ?????? ?dominate?social?media.And?after?nearly?three?years?in?（12） ?????? ，the?ways?the?COVID-19?pandemic?has?（13） ?????? ?many?of?us?to?reevaluate?our?relationships?with?others?show?up?everywhere?in?pop?culture.
??? The?（14） ?????? ?of?self-care?are?fairly?obvious：by?prioritizing?our?own?well-being，we're?able?to?engage?in?emotional?healing，build?confidence，?（15） ?????? ?anxiety?and?simply?rest.However，an?extreme?focus?on?self-care?can?lead?to?a（an）?（16） ?????? ?perspective?of?the?world?in?which?we?always?put?ourselves?first，even?when?we're?in?the?wrong.This?doesn't?just?（17） ?????? ?us-it?can?have?real，painful?consequences?for?the?people?around?us.
??? Sometimes?it?can?feel?（18） ?????? ?for?us?to?remove?ourselves?from?conflict?or?discomfort?under?the?mask?of?（19） ?????? .However，walking?away?from?these?relationships?without?a?real?conversation?actually（20） ?????? ?us?and?our?loved?ones?of?an?opportunity?for?growth.
21. ?A. tried B. used C. happened D. promised
22. ?A. signed?up?for B. looked?forward?to
C. took?advantage?of D. kept?up?with
23. ?A. occasionally B. barely C. routinely D. finally
24. ?A. suggested B. regretted C. delayed D. stopped
25. ?A. unforgettable B. special C. boring D. painful
26. ?A. fragile B. romantic C. close D. formal
27. ?A. comment B. explanation C. apology D. complaint
28. ?A. Otherwise B. Instead C. Meanwhile D. Therefore
29. ?A. letter B. excuse C. experience D. silence
30. ?A. exploded B. disappeared C. survived D. changed
31. ?A. hardly B. permanently C. accidentally D. consistently
32. ?A. harmony B. charge C. separation D. competition
33. ?A. caused B. required C. persuaded D. expected
34. ?A. effects B. benefits
C. origins D. characteristics
35. ?A. reduce B. express C. create D. share
36. ?A. open-minded B. objective C. conservative D. twisted
37. ?A. disturb B. impress C. hurt D. support
38. ?A. easier B. cooler C. calmer D. warmer
39. ?A. co-operation B. guidance C. self-care D. friendship
40. ?A. reminds B. robs C. convinces D. warns
第II卷（非選擇題）
四、語(yǔ)法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）
41. Galactic?Energy?launched?five?satellites?into?orbit?on?Monday，boosting?the?private?firm's?ambition?to?become?the?Chinese?（1） ?????? ?（compete）?to?SpaceX.Galactic?Energy's?Ceres-1?rocket?lifted?off?Monday?from?the?Jiuquan?Satellite?Launch?Center?in?northwestern?China，sending?five?satellites?into?their?（2） ?????? ?（intend）?orbits.The?mission?marks?the?fifth?launch?of?the?Ceres-1?rocket-a?small?solid?fuel?orbital?rocket?designed?（3） ?????? ?the?company.So?far，19?satellites?（4） ?????? ?（put）?into?space，setting?a?record?for?a?private?Chinese?firm.
??? Galactic?Energy?conducted?the?first?Ceres-1?launch?on?November?7，2020，?（5） ?????? ?makes?it?the?second?Chinese?private?company?to?launch?a?satellite?into?low?Earth?orbit?successfully.
Some?Chinese?satellite?launch?providers?（6） ?????? ?（current）?are?using?small?solid?fuel?rockets?like?Cerebrum?others?（7） ?????? ?（develop）?or?testing?reusable?liquid?fuel?rocket?engines.
??? China's?commercial?space?industry?has?expanded?rapidly?since?2015，when?the?government?began?encouraging?private?companies?（8） ?????? ?（enter）?the?space?sector.Over?the?past?few?years，more?than?170?private?firms?have?entered?the?space?industry，according?to?a?2020?research?report?by?Future?Space?Research，?（9） ?????? ?research?institute?based?in?Beijing.
??? The?（10） ?????? ?（success）?launch?by?the?Chinese?startup?came?on?the?same?day?that?Virgin?Orbit?suffered?failure?on?its?first?rocket?launch?from?the?United?Kingdom.
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五、短文改錯(cuò)（本大題共1小題，共10.0分）
42. 假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。
修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意：
（1）每處錯(cuò)誤及修改均僅限一詞。
（2）只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。
??? The?meaning?of?life?differ?from?person?to?person，but?we?have?different?life?purposes?in?each?stage?of?life.For?each?goal，the?important?thing?is?to?give?you?encouragement?to?get?up?in?the?morning?and?fight?against?what?we?want.We?had?seen?people?who?handle?many?tough?situation?with?motivation.Although?we?share?same?biological?structures，which?sets?us?apart?from?these?people?is?determination.Being?determined?to?achieve?something?and?overcame?all?difficulties?will?help?us?find?our?purposes?in?each?stage?of?life.Actually，if?we?can?not?find?a?purpose，we'll?not?only?bear?our?suffering，but?also?see?it?as?a?blessing.
六、書面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）
43. 你校英文報(bào)正在開(kāi)展以"Discovering?Good?Books"為題的討論，請(qǐng)使用圖表中的調(diào)查結(jié)果寫一篇短文投稿，內(nèi)容包括：
（1）描述發(fā)現(xiàn)好書的方式；
（2）簡(jiǎn)單評(píng)論；
（3）你的情況。

注意：
（1）詞數(shù)100左右；
（2）可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
Discovering?Good?Books___________
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】B、A、D
【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MAP?International中的Its?mission?is?to?provide?medicines?and?health?supplies?to?those?in?need?around?the?world?so?they?might?experience?life?to?the?fullest.（它的使命是為世界各地有需要的人提供藥品和衛(wèi)生用品，使他們能夠充分體驗(yàn)生活。）可知，MAP的重點(diǎn)是改善人們的健康。故選B。
（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)International?Children's?Fund中的The?mission?of?the?International?Children's?Fund?（ICF）?is?to?come?to?the?aid?of?needy?children?worldwide?since?1987.?（自1987年以來(lái)，國(guó)際兒童基金會(huì)（ICF）的使命是幫助世界各地的貧困兒童。自1987年以來(lái)，國(guó)際兒童基金會(huì)（ICF）的使命是幫助世界各地的貧困兒童。）和Direct?Relief中的With?a?history?of?over?7?decades，Direct?Relief?（DR）?is?a?humanitarian?organization?with?a?mission?to?improve?the?health?and?lives?of?people?affected?by?poverty?and?emergencies.（直接救濟(jì)（DR）是一個(gè)具有70多年歷史的人道主義組織，其使命是改善受貧困和緊急情況影響的人們的健康和生活。）和MAP?International中的Since?its?foundation?in?1954，MAP?has?served?millions?of?people.?（自1954年成立以來(lái)，MAP已經(jīng)服務(wù)了數(shù)百萬(wàn)人。）和Books?for?Africa?中的This?organization，founded?35?years?ago，also?uses?99?percent?of?its?funding?for?its?missions.?（這個(gè)成立于35年前的組織還將99%的資金用于其使命。）可知，慈善機(jī)構(gòu)Direct?Relief歷史最悠久。故選A。
（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Therefore，we pick some international charities that rankA+ in terms of financial health，accountability，and transparency.（因此，我們挑選了一些在財(cái)務(wù)健康、責(zé)任和透明度方面排名A+的國(guó)際慈善機(jī)構(gòu)。）可推斷，列出的慈善機(jī)構(gòu)共同之處在于它們?cè)谑澜绶秶鷥?nèi)享有的聲譽(yù)。故選D。
本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一些在財(cái)務(wù)健康、責(zé)任和透明度方面排名A+的國(guó)際慈善機(jī)構(gòu)。
一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。
　　閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個(gè)方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)運(yùn)用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時(shí)空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點(diǎn)，并且理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語(yǔ)篇實(shí)質(zhì)。
二、看題干，帶著問(wèn)題讀文章。
　　首先要掌握問(wèn)題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對(duì)文章的感情基調(diào)等，這類題必須經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對(duì)整篇文章進(jìn)行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干以及各個(gè)選項(xiàng)所包含的信息，然后有針對(duì)性地對(duì)文章進(jìn)行掃讀，對(duì)有關(guān)信息進(jìn)行快速定位。此法加強(qiáng)了閱讀的針對(duì)性，提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。
三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。
　　在實(shí)際閱讀中，有時(shí)作者并未把意圖說(shuō)出來(lái)，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過(guò)語(yǔ)篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對(duì)文字的表面信息進(jìn)行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問(wèn)中常用的詞有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。
　　猜詞是應(yīng)用英語(yǔ)的重要能力。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認(rèn)識(shí)較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會(huì)"順藤摸瓜"，通過(guò)構(gòu)詞，語(yǔ)法，定義，同位，對(duì)比，因果，常識(shí)，上下文等線索確定詞義。

4~7.【答案】D、A、D、B
【解析】（1）詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線短語(yǔ)上一句At?the?time，many?Chinese?painting?professionals?passed?away?（當(dāng)時(shí)，許多中國(guó)畫專業(yè)人士去世了）"可知，老一輩的國(guó)畫家去世了；而根據(jù)劃線短語(yǔ)下一句"Young?artists?were?left?on?their?own?to?find?breakthroughs?（年輕的藝術(shù)家們只能靠自己去尋找突破）可知，年輕的藝術(shù)家們只有靠自己去突破，由此判斷，老一輩國(guó)畫家去世后，年輕的藝術(shù)家們還未具有取代他們的地位的能力。所以fill?their?shoes為"接管他們的角色；取代他們的地位"之意。A．Calm?them?down.讓他們冷靜下來(lái)；B．Ask?them?for?help.請(qǐng)他們幫忙；C．Focus?on?themselves.專注于自己；D．Take?over?their?roles.接管他們的角色。故答案為D。
（2）段落大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段Shao?Ge?is?a?representative?of?this?new?form.Born?to?an?ordinary?family?in?Beijing?in?1962，Shao?was?keen?on?traditional?Chinese?paintings.As?a?child，he?spent?much?of?his?time?staring?at?the?ink?masterpieces?in?the?Palace?Museum.There?was?an?elder?neighbor，who?was?good?at?Chinese?painting?and?calligraphy.In?his?spare?time，the?kind?elder?talked?about?traditional?Chinese?culture?to?young?Shao.Some?years?later，Shao?decided?to?study?painting?after?graduating?from?high?school.After?graduating?in?the?Beijing?Arts?and?Crafts?School?in?1978，Shao?was?sent?to?work?at?a?small?crafts?factory.Before?long，the?factory?went?bankrupt.Shao?later?passed?an?exam?and?became?a?painter?for?RongBao?Zhai，a?famous?Chinese?art?gallery?established?in?1672.This?career?jump?allowed?Shao?to?springboard?into?a?lifetime?of?ink?paintings.?（邵戈就是這種新形式的代表。邵戈1962年出生于北京的一個(gè)普通家庭，他熱衷于中國(guó)畫。作為一個(gè)孩子，他花了很多時(shí)間盯著故宮博物院的水墨杰作。有一個(gè)年長(zhǎng)的鄰居，他擅長(zhǎng)中國(guó)畫和書法。閑暇時(shí)，這位慈祥的老人給小邵講起了中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化。若干年后，邵戈高中畢業(yè)后決定學(xué)習(xí)繪畫。1978年，邵戈從北京工藝美術(shù)學(xué)校畢業(yè)后，被送到一家小工藝品廠工作。不久，這家工廠就破產(chǎn)了。邵戈后來(lái)通過(guò)考試，成為了1672年成立的中國(guó)著名美術(shù)館榮寶齋的畫家。這一事業(yè)上的飛躍讓邵戈走上了水墨畫的道路。）可知，本段主要介紹了邵戈追求藝術(shù)的道路。A．His?journey?to?art.他的藝術(shù)之旅；B．His?family?background.他的家庭背景；C．His?neighbor's?influence.他鄰居的影響；D．His?passion?for?learning.他對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)的熱情。故答案為A。
（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段"At?first，I?just?drew?everything-landscapes，figures，flowers，birds，and?fish，"?Shao?said.?"But?I?soon?found?sticking?to?traditional?thoughts?and?skills?of?Chinese?paintings?would?be?a?brake?on?my?development?as?a?professional?painter.For?this?reason，I?decided?to?innovate?my?own?style."?（"一開(kāi)始，我什么都畫---風(fēng)景、人物、花鳥(niǎo)和魚(yú)，"邵說(shuō)。"但我很快發(fā)現(xiàn)，堅(jiān)持中國(guó)畫的傳統(tǒng)思想和技巧會(huì)阻礙我成為一名職業(yè)畫家。因此，我決定創(chuàng)新自己的風(fēng)格。"）可知，下文將講述邵戈如何開(kāi)始走上實(shí)驗(yàn)水墨畫的道路并取得成功。故答案為D。
（4）文章出處題。根據(jù)文章第三段Shao?Ge?is?a?representative?of?this?new?form.Born?to?an?ordinary?family?in?Beijing?in?1962，Shao?was?keen?on?traditional?Chinese?paintings.As?a?child，he?spent?much?of?his?time?staring?at?the?ink?masterpieces?in?the?Palace?Museum.There?was?an?elder?neighbor，who?was?good?at?Chinese?painting?and?calligraphy.In?his?spare?time，the?kind?elder?talked?about?traditional?Chinese?culture?to?young?Shao.Some?years?later，Shao?decided?to?study?painting?after?graduating?from?high?school.After?graduating?in?the?Beijing?Arts?and?Crafts?School?in?1978，Shao?was?sent?to?work?at?a?small?crafts?factory.Before?long，the?factory?went?bankrupt.Shao?later?passed?an?exam?and?became?a?painter?for?RongBao?Zhai，a?famous?Chinese?art?gallery?established?in?1672.This?career?jump?allowed?Shao?to?springboard?into?a?lifetime?of?ink?paintings.?（邵戈就是這種新形式的代表。邵戈1962年出生于北京的一個(gè)普通家庭，他熱衷于中國(guó)畫。作為一個(gè)孩子，他花了很多時(shí)間盯著故宮博物院的水墨杰作。有一個(gè)年長(zhǎng)的鄰居，他擅長(zhǎng)中國(guó)畫和書法。閑暇時(shí)，這位慈祥的老人給小邵講起了中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化。若干年后，邵戈高中畢業(yè)后決定學(xué)習(xí)繪畫。1978年，邵戈從北京工藝美術(shù)學(xué)校畢業(yè)后，被送到一家小工藝品廠工作。不久，這家工廠就破產(chǎn)了。邵戈后來(lái)通過(guò)考試，成為了1672年成立的中國(guó)著名美術(shù)館榮寶齋的畫家。這一事業(yè)上的飛躍讓邵戈走上了水墨畫的道路。）可知，本文主要介紹了中國(guó)實(shí)驗(yàn)水墨家代表人邵戈，所以這篇文章會(huì)出現(xiàn)在人物介紹專欄。A．Fashion.時(shí)尚；B．Feature.人物介紹；C．Education.教育；D．Literature.文學(xué)。故答案為B。
本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了中國(guó)當(dāng)代實(shí)驗(yàn)水墨家代表人物——邵戈，介紹了其成名過(guò)程以及藝術(shù)特色。
一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個(gè)方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)運(yùn)用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時(shí)空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點(diǎn)，并且理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語(yǔ)篇實(shí)質(zhì)。二、看題干，帶著問(wèn)題讀文章。首先要掌握問(wèn)題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對(duì)文章的感情基調(diào)等，這類題必須經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對(duì)整篇文章進(jìn)行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干以及各個(gè)選項(xiàng)所包含的信息，然后有針對(duì)性地對(duì)文章進(jìn)行掃讀，對(duì)有關(guān)信息進(jìn)行快速定位。此法加強(qiáng)了閱讀的針對(duì)性，提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。在實(shí)際閱讀中，有時(shí)作者并未把意圖說(shuō)出來(lái)，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過(guò)語(yǔ)篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對(duì)文字的表面信息進(jìn)行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問(wèn)中常用的詞有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。猜詞是應(yīng)用英語(yǔ)的重要能力。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認(rèn)識(shí)較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會(huì)"順藤摸瓜"，通過(guò)構(gòu)詞，語(yǔ)法，定義，同位，對(duì)比，因果，常識(shí)，上下文等線索確定詞義。

8~11.【答案】B、D、A、C
【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段He?hopes?that?its?design?can?become?a?practical?option?to?house?people?who?lack?adequate?housing?due?to?financial?issues.（他希望它的設(shè)計(jì)可以成為一個(gè)實(shí)際的選擇，為那些由于經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題而缺乏足夠住房的人提供住房。）可知，TECLA的設(shè)計(jì)意圖是為了幫助那些有經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題的人解決住房問(wèn)題。故選B。
（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段But?while?previous?structures?were?built?using?concrete?or?plastic，TECLA?was?mainly?built?from?soil?at?the?site?mixed?with?water?and?fibers?from?rice?husks.Cucinella?believes?this?approach?can?be?adopted?in?different?parts?of?the?world，using?whatever?local?materials?are?available，and?could?be?particularly?helpful?in?remote?areas，where?industrial?construction?materials?are?harder?to?come?by.（但是，雖然以前的結(jié)構(gòu)是用混凝土或塑料建造的，TECLA主要是用現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的土壤與水和稻殼纖維混合建造的。Cucinella認(rèn)為，這種方法可以在世界不同的地方采用，使用任何當(dāng)?shù)乜捎玫牟牧?，在工業(yè)建筑材料更難獲得的偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)尤其有用。）可知，TECLA的建造在選材上更為靈活。故選D。
（3）觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章最后一段However，he?added，?"I?think?this?revolution?of?3?D?printing?is?to?give?people?a?degree?of?freedom?in?how?to?do?things，without?being?connected?to?a?big，professional?industry."（然而，他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)："我認(rèn)為3?D打印的這場(chǎng)革命讓人們?cè)谌绾巫鍪路矫嬗辛艘欢ǔ潭鹊淖杂?，而無(wú)需與大型專業(yè)行業(yè)聯(lián)系在一起。"）可知，Russo對(duì)TECLA的態(tài)度是支持的。A．Favorable.支持的；B．Critical.關(guān)鍵的；C．Doubtful.懷疑的；D．Tolerant.忍受的。故選A。
（4）主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段Some?Italian?architects?have?completed?the?first?3?D-printed?home?made?from?clay?recently.It?is?called?TECLA，which?comes?from?"technology"?and?"clay".（近日，一些意大利建筑師完成了首個(gè)由粘土制成的3?D打印房屋。它被稱為TECLA，由"技術(shù)"和"粘土"組成。）以及第二段Adobe-made?from?a?mix?of?earth，water?and?organic?material-is?one?of?the?world's?earliest?construction?materials，known?for?its?firmness，and?bio-degradability.?（Adobe是由土、水和有機(jī)材料混合制成的，是世界上最早的建筑材料之一，以其堅(jiān)固性和可生物降解性而聞名。）可知，本文主要介紹了世界上首個(gè)由黏土制成的3?D打印房屋，土、水和有機(jī)材料是世界上最古老的建筑材料之一，加上最新的技術(shù)，形成了新型建筑。A．A?design?that?can?replace?the?previous?patterns.可以取代以前的圖案的設(shè)計(jì)；B．A?technology?that?takes?the?lead?in?architecture.引領(lǐng)建筑潮流的技術(shù)；C．A?structure?where?tradition?meets?new?technology.傳統(tǒng)與新技術(shù)相結(jié)合的建筑；D．A?trend?where?technology?is?coupled?with?architecture.技術(shù)與建筑相結(jié)合的趨勢(shì)。故選C。
本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了首個(gè)由黏土制成的3?D打印房屋。
一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個(gè)方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)運(yùn)用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時(shí)空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點(diǎn)，并且理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語(yǔ)篇實(shí)質(zhì)。二、看題干，帶著問(wèn)題讀文章。首先要掌握問(wèn)題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對(duì)文章的感情基調(diào)等，這類題必須經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對(duì)整篇文章進(jìn)行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干以及各個(gè)選項(xiàng)所包含的信息，然后有針對(duì)性地對(duì)文章進(jìn)行掃讀，對(duì)有關(guān)信息進(jìn)行快速定位。此法加強(qiáng)了閱讀的針對(duì)性，提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。在實(shí)際閱讀中，有時(shí)作者并未把意圖說(shuō)出來(lái)，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過(guò)語(yǔ)篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對(duì)文字的表面信息進(jìn)行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問(wèn)中常用的詞有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。猜詞是應(yīng)用英語(yǔ)的重要能力。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認(rèn)識(shí)較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會(huì)"順藤摸瓜"，通過(guò)構(gòu)詞，語(yǔ)法，定義，同位，對(duì)比，因果，常識(shí)，上下文等線索確定詞義。

12~15.【答案】B、C、A、C
【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段In?2007?a?team?led?by?Stefan?Rahmstorf?compared?actual?observations?with?predictions?made?by?theoretical?models?for?three?key?climate?indicators：carbon?dioxide，global?temperature?and?sea-level?rise.While?the?predictions?got?CO2?levels?right，they?were?low?for?real?temperature?and?sea-level?rise.（?2007年，Stefan?Rahmstorf領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一個(gè)研究小組對(duì)三個(gè)關(guān)鍵氣候指標(biāo)（二氧化碳、全球溫度和海平面上升）的實(shí)際觀測(cè)結(jié)果與理論模型的預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果進(jìn)行了比較。雖然預(yù)測(cè)的二氧化碳水平是正確的，但與實(shí)際溫度和海平面上升相比，這些預(yù)測(cè)都很低。）可知，第一段提到Rahmstorf的研究結(jié)果是為了表明氣候?qū)W家對(duì)于氣候預(yù)測(cè)的不精準(zhǔn)。故選B。
（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段Scientists?tended?toward?lower?and?misleading?prediction?because?they?did?not?want?to?be?accused?of?making?dramatic?and?overstressed?claims.（科學(xué)家傾向于做出更低的、誤導(dǎo)性的預(yù)測(cè)，因?yàn)樗麄儾幌氡恢肛?zé)做出夸張的、過(guò)度強(qiáng)調(diào)的斷言。）可知，科學(xué)家們低估氣候威脅是為了不想被指責(zé)造成了恐慌。所以"C．They?want?to?avoid?blame?for?causing?anxiety.他們希望避免因引起焦慮而受到指責(zé)。"符合題意。故選C。
（3）詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞下一句because?the?permafrost?holds?about?1.5?billion?tons?of?organic?carbon，twice?as?much?as?now?in?the?atmosphere.（因?yàn)橛谰脙鐾梁写蠹s15億噸有機(jī)碳，是現(xiàn)在大氣中有機(jī)碳含量的兩倍。）可知，如果放任這種情況的發(fā)展，導(dǎo)致北極凍土融化和甲烷的釋放，后果是恐怖的。A.Disastrous災(zāi)難性的；B.Confusing令人困惑的；C.Impressive令人印象深刻的；D.Discouraging令人沮喪的。故選A。
（4）標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)文章第一段In?2007?a?team?led?by?Stefan?Rahmstorf?compared?actual?observations?with?predictions?made?by?theoretical?models?for?three?key?climate?indicators：carbon?dioxide，global?temperature?and?sea-level?rise.While?the?predictions?got?CO2?levels?right，they?were?low?for?real?temperature?and?sea-level?rise.（?2007年，Stefan?Rahmstorf領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一個(gè)研究小組對(duì)三個(gè)關(guān)鍵氣候指標(biāo)（二氧化碳、全球溫度和海平面上升）的實(shí)際觀測(cè)結(jié)果與理論模型的預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果進(jìn)行了比較。雖然預(yù)測(cè)的二氧化碳水平是正確的，但與實(shí)際溫度和海平面上升相比，這些預(yù)測(cè)都很低。）以及第二段As?polar?ice?melts?because?of?global?warming，the?Arctic?Ocean?absorbs?more?heat，which?causes?the?Arctic?to?warm?even?more.It?should?surprise?no?one?that?the?area?is?warming?fast.Yet?scientists?have?been?caught?off-guard?by?just?how?fast?the?region?is?heating?up.（由于全球變暖，極地冰融化，北冰洋吸收了更多的熱量，這導(dǎo)致北極更加溫暖。該地區(qū)正在快速變暖，這應(yīng)該不足為奇。然而，科學(xué)家們對(duì)該地區(qū)升溫的速度感到措手不及。）及全文可知，文章主要講述的是全球變暖速度被低估了。故選C。
本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了研究表明，全球變暖的速度被低估了，而這會(huì)給人類帶來(lái)可怕的后果。
閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

16~20.【答案】F、A、G、E、D
【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)空前If?you?desire?a?life?of?success，you?must?face?the?resistance?and?push?yourself?beyond?the?limits.（如果你渴望成功的生活，你必須面對(duì)阻力，推動(dòng)自己超越極限。）可知，如果想要成功，一個(gè)人就得超越極限。所以"F.Failure?to?do?so?will?make?your?goals?and?dreams?unrealizable.（如果做不到這一點(diǎn)，你的目標(biāo)和夢(mèng)想就無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)。）"與上文內(nèi)容一致，也就是說(shuō)一個(gè)人只有超越極限才能成功。故選F。
（2）標(biāo)題歸納題?？仗帪槎问拙?，為本段主旨句。根據(jù)下文Don't?wait?for?external?motivation?to?make?the?first?move.Discover?your?inner?motivation!It?could?be?a?motivational?video，articles，TED?Talks，or?quotes.Ensure?it?is?something?that?fills?you?with?passion?and?drive?to?get?things?done.Inspiration?can?push?you?forward.?（不要等到外界的激勵(lì)，才主動(dòng)出擊。發(fā)現(xiàn)你內(nèi)心的動(dòng)力！可以是勵(lì)志視頻、文章、TED演講或名言。確保它能讓你充滿激情，有動(dòng)力把事情做好。靈感可以推動(dòng)你前進(jìn)。）可知，本段主要建議讀者要激勵(lì)自己，以獲得成功。所以"A.激勵(lì)自己。"與下文內(nèi)容一致，可以作為主旨句。故選A。
（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文Pushing?past?your?limits?means?taking?on?newer，harder?challenges.If?you're?not?challenging?yourself?to?do?bigger?and?better?things?regularly，you're?only?working?within?what?you?already?can?do.（突破自己的極限意味著接受更新、更難的挑戰(zhàn)。如果你不經(jīng)常挑戰(zhàn)自己去做更大更好的事情，你只是在你已經(jīng)能做的范圍內(nèi)工作。）可知，上文指出不挑戰(zhàn)自己做更大更好的事情，你就不會(huì)有進(jìn)步。所以"G.這是一種原地踏步，幾乎沒(méi)有進(jìn)步的方法。"是對(duì)上文內(nèi)容的總結(jié)。故選G。
（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)下文That?is，there?is?not?a?day?that?you?don't?work?on?your?big?goals，at?least?a?little?bit.It?can?be?fifteen?minutes?dedicated?to?doing?one?small?thing?that?will?get?you?closer?to?that?big?thing?you?want?to?accomplish.（也就是說(shuō)，沒(méi)有一天你不為你的大目標(biāo)而努力，至少是一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)。你可以花15分鐘做一件小事，讓你更接近你想要完成的大事情。）可知，空處指的是每天都要努力，哪怕只是一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)。所以"E.一個(gè)好方法是采用"無(wú)零日"的方法。"與下文內(nèi)容一致，建議讀者每天都要努力。故選E。
（5）推理判斷題。根據(jù)下文Having?someone?to?support?you?can?balance?out?the?impact?of?any?negative?thinking?that?may?limit?you.It?could?be?a?life?coach，friend，parent，or?your?wife?or?husband.They?can?help?you?make?the?push?you?need?to?get?out?of?your?comfort?zone.（有人支持你可以抵消任何可能限制你的消極思想的影響?？梢允侨松鷮?dǎo)師，朋友，父母，或者你的妻子或丈夫。他們可以幫助你走出你的舒適區(qū)。）可知，作者認(rèn)為在面對(duì)困難時(shí)，如果身邊有人幫助你，你將會(huì)更好地前進(jìn)。所以"D.在面對(duì)阻力時(shí)，一點(diǎn)幫助很重要。"與下文內(nèi)容一致。故選D。
本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一些方法能夠幫助讀者超越自己的極限，并最終取得成功。
七選五閱讀是完成性閱讀，和完形填空很類似，不同的是一個(gè)選詞，一個(gè)選句子。解題時(shí)，要注意上下文語(yǔ)境，充分考慮信息詞（選項(xiàng)中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的詞），選出最符合語(yǔ)境的句子。

21~40.【答案】B、A、C、D、D、C、B、B、D、A、D、C、A、B、A、D、C、A、C、B
【解析】（1）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.tried試圖；B.used使用；C.happened發(fā)生；D.promised答應(yīng)。句意：在發(fā)了27條短信、打了兩個(gè)電話和發(fā)了一條語(yǔ)音郵件后，我剛剛給曾經(jīng)是我大學(xué)時(shí)最好的朋友發(fā)了最后一條短信。根據(jù)下文"The?two?of?us?met?freshman?year?and，since?we?（2）_____?almost?all?the?same?core?classes，rapidly?became?inseparable?throughout?college."可知，作者給過(guò)去是大學(xué)時(shí)最好的朋友發(fā)短信。used?to"過(guò)去，曾經(jīng)"。故選B。
（2）考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)境理解。A.signed?up?for登記報(bào)名；B.looked?forward?to期望；C.took?advantage?of利用；D.kept?up?with跟上。句意：我們倆是大一時(shí)認(rèn)識(shí)的，因?yàn)槲覀儙缀鯃?bào)了相同的核心課程，所以在整個(gè)大學(xué)期間很快就形影不離。根據(jù)下文"almost?all?the?same?core?classes，"可知，作者和最好的大學(xué)朋友報(bào)了相同的課程。故選A。
（3）考查副詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.occasionally偶爾地；B.barely幾乎不；C.routinely日常地，通常地；D.finally最終。句意：我們經(jīng)常一起熬夜學(xué)習(xí)，晚上一起去買披薩。根據(jù)下文"and?were?each?other's?partner?for?late-night?pizza?runs."可知，作者和最好的大學(xué)朋友經(jīng)常一起熬夜學(xué)習(xí)，晚上一起去買披薩。故選C。
（4）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.suggested建議；B.regretted遺憾；C.delayed延遲；D.stopped停止。句意：畢業(yè)后的某一天，她突然不再回應(yīng)，只是說(shuō)她"沒(méi)有足夠的時(shí)間留給自己"。根據(jù)下文"apart?from?claiming?she?"didn't?have?enough?time?for?herself"."可知，最好的大學(xué)朋友不再回應(yīng)作者了。故選D。
（5）考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.unforgettable難忘的；B.special特殊的；C.boring令人厭煩的；D.painful痛苦的。句意：那次分手是我經(jīng)歷過(guò)的最痛苦的一次。根據(jù)上文"That?breakup"和常識(shí)可知，最好的朋友與作者分手，作者是痛苦的。故選D。
（6）考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.fragile易碎的；B.romantic浪漫的；C.close親密的；D.formal正式的。句意：在建立了四年如此親密的關(guān)系之后，我想我至少會(huì)得到一個(gè)解釋，為什么她想結(jié)束這段關(guān)系。根據(jù)上文"The?two?of?us?met?freshman?year?and，since?we?（2）_____almost?all?the?same?core?classes，rapidly?became?inseparable?throughout?college.We?（3）______?stayed?up?together?for?studying，and?were?each?other's?partner?for?late-night?pizza?runs."可知，作者與最好的大學(xué)朋友關(guān)系密切。故選C。
（7）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.comment評(píng)論；B.explanation解釋；C.apology道歉；D.complaint抱怨。句意：在建立了四年如此親密的關(guān)系之后，我想我至少會(huì)得到一個(gè)解釋，為什么她想結(jié)束這段關(guān)系。根據(jù)下文"for?why?she?wanted?to?end?things."可知，最好的大學(xué)朋友與作者分手，作者想得到一個(gè)解釋。故選B。
（8）考查副詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.Otherwise否則；B.Instead相反；C.Meanwhile同時(shí)；D.Therefore因此。句意：相反，我只收到了關(guān)于自我照顧的簡(jiǎn)短而間接的信息，以及最傷害我的東西——沉默。根據(jù)上文"After?four?years?of?building?such?a?（6）_____?relationship，I?thought?I'd?at?least?receive?a（an）?（7）_____for?why?she?wanted?to?end?things."可知，作者想得到一個(gè)解釋，相反，作者只收到簡(jiǎn)短而間接的信息以及沉默。故選B。
（9）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.letter信；B.excuse借口；C.experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)；D.silence沉默。句意：相反，我只收到了關(guān)于自我照顧的簡(jiǎn)短而間接的信息，以及最傷害我的東西——沉默。根據(jù)上文"The?silence?is?killing?me，"可知，作者最討厭的是沉默。故選D。
（10）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.exploded爆發(fā)；B.disappeared消失；C.survived幸存；D.changed改變。句意：在過(guò)去的幾年里，"劃定界限"的概念在流行心理學(xué)中爆發(fā)了。根據(jù)下文"Discussions?of?cutting?people?off?and?protecting?your?energy（11）_____?dominate?social?media.And?after?nearly?three?years?in?（12）____，the?ways?the?Covid-19?pandemic?has?（13）______many?of?us?to?reevaluate?our?relationships?with?others?show?up?everywhere?in?pop?culture."可知，"劃定界限"的概念在流行心理學(xué)中爆發(fā)了。故選A。
（11）考查副詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.hardly幾乎不；B.permanently永久地；C.accidentally偶然地；D.consistently一致地，始終如一地。句意：社交媒體上一直充斥著與人隔絕、保護(hù)自己精力的討論。根據(jù)上文"Discussions?of?cutting?people?off?and?protecting?your?energy"可知，與人隔絕、保護(hù)自己精力的討論始終如一地充斥在社交媒體上。故選D。
（12）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.harmony和諧；B.charge責(zé)任；C.separation分開(kāi)；D.competition競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。句意：在分開(kāi)近三年之后，新冠肺炎大流行讓我們?cè)S多人重新評(píng)估與他人的關(guān)系，這種方式在流行文化中隨處可見(jiàn)。根據(jù)下文"the?ways?the?Covid-19?pandemic?has?（13）______ many?of?us?to?reevaluate?our?relationships?with?others?show?up?everywhere?in?pop?culture."可知，新冠肺炎大流行讓人與人之間分開(kāi)。故選C。
（13）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.caused引起；B.required要求；C.persuaded勸服；D.expected期望。句意：在分開(kāi)近三年之后，新冠肺炎大流行讓我們?cè)S多人重新評(píng)估與他人的關(guān)系，這種方式在流行文化中隨處可見(jiàn)。cause?sb.to?do?sth.使某人做某事。根據(jù)上文"the?ways?the?COVVID-19?pandemic"可知，新冠肺炎大流行讓我們?cè)S多人重新評(píng)估與他人的關(guān)系。故選A。
（14）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.effects效果；B.benefits利益；好處；C.origins起源；D.characteristics特點(diǎn)。句意：自我照顧的好處是相當(dāng)明顯的：通過(guò)優(yōu)先考慮我們自己的幸福，我們能夠進(jìn)行情緒治療，建立信心，減少焦慮和簡(jiǎn)單的休息。根據(jù)下文"by?prioritizing?our?own?well-being，we're?able?to?engage?in?emotional?healing，build?confidence，（15）_____?anxiety?and?simply?rest."可知，這里介紹：自我照顧的好處。故選B。
（15）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.reduce減少；B.express表達(dá)；C.create創(chuàng)造；D.share分享。句意：自我照顧的好處是相當(dāng)明顯的：通過(guò)優(yōu)先考慮我們自己的幸福，我們能夠進(jìn)行情緒治療，建立信心，減少焦慮和簡(jiǎn)單的休息。根據(jù)上文"we're?able?to?engage?in?emotional?healing，build?confidence，"可知，通過(guò)優(yōu)先考慮我們自己可以減少焦慮。故選A。
（16）考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.open-minded思想開(kāi)明的；B.objective客觀的；C.conservative保守的；D.twisted扭曲的。句意：然而，過(guò)分關(guān)注自我照顧會(huì)導(dǎo)致對(duì)世界的扭曲看法，我們總是把自己放在第一位，即使我們錯(cuò)了。根據(jù)下文"the?world?in?which?we?always?put?ourselves?first，even?when?we're?in?the?wrong."可知，這種看法是扭曲的。故選D。
（17）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.disturb打擾；B.impress影響；C.hurt受傷；D.support支持。句意：這不僅會(huì)傷害到我們自己，還會(huì)給我們周圍的人帶來(lái)真正痛苦的后果。根據(jù)下文"it?can?have?real，painful?consequences?for?the?people?around?us."可知，這種扭曲看法僅會(huì)傷害到我們自己。故選C。
（18）考查形容詞比較級(jí)及語(yǔ)境理解。A.easier更容易的；B.cooler更涼爽的；C.calmer更鎮(zhèn)靜的；D.warmer更溫暖的。句意：有時(shí)，在自我照顧的面具下，我們更容易從沖突或不適中解脫出來(lái)。根據(jù)下文"under?the?mask?of?（19）_____."可知，在自我照顧的面具下，我們更容易擺脫沖突或不適。故選A。
（19）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.co-operation合作；B.guidance引導(dǎo)；C.self-care自我照顧；D.friendship友誼。句意：有時(shí)，在自我照顧的面具下，我們更容易從沖突或不適中解脫出來(lái)。根據(jù)上文 "I?received?only?a?brief，indirect?message?about?self-care?and-what?hurt?me?most-a（an）?（9）_____."可知，在自我照顧的面具下，我們更容易從沖突或不適中解脫出來(lái)。故選C。
（20）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.reminds提醒；B.robs搶奪；C.convinces信服；D.warns警告。句意：然而，離開(kāi)這些關(guān)系而不進(jìn)行真正的交談實(shí)際上剝奪了我們和我們所愛(ài)的人成長(zhǎng)的機(jī)會(huì)。根據(jù)下文"us?and?our?loved?ones?of?an?opportunity?for?growth."可知，在沒(méi)有真正對(duì)話的情況下離開(kāi)這些關(guān)系實(shí)際上剝奪了我們和我們所愛(ài)的人成長(zhǎng)的機(jī)會(huì)。故選B。
本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者在大學(xué)畢業(yè)后失去親密朋友的經(jīng)歷，并反思了大眾心理學(xué)中劃定界限和優(yōu)先考慮自我照顧的趨勢(shì)。
做完形填空題之前，必須先瀏覽全文，了解短文的大意，這是非常重要的一個(gè)步驟。通過(guò)短文所提供的信息，借助語(yǔ)感及相關(guān)知識(shí)的推斷，可以從整體上把握短文的輪廓。在通讀全文，了解大意的基礎(chǔ)上，便可著手答題。根據(jù)習(xí)慣用法、固定搭配，并從上下文中找關(guān)鍵性暗示，注意前后對(duì)照，逐句精讀，逐題分析選項(xiàng)。所有的答案選出之后，應(yīng)再次通讀全文，對(duì)所選的答案進(jìn)行核實(shí)調(diào)整。

41.【答案】【小題1】competitor
【小題2】intended
【小題3】by
【小題4】have been put
【小題5】which
【小題6】currently
【小題7】are developing
【小題8】to enter
【小題9】a
【小題10】successful
【解析】（1）考查可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)。句意：星河動(dòng)力周一發(fā)射了五顆衛(wèi)星進(jìn)入軌道，增強(qiáng)了這家私營(yíng)公司成為SpaceX中國(guó)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手的雄心。根據(jù)空前的Chinese可知，空處為名詞形式，表示"競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者"，表示單數(shù)含義，故用名詞的單數(shù)形式。故填competitor。
（2）考查形容詞。句意：星河動(dòng)力公司的谷神星一號(hào)火箭星期一從中國(guó)西北部的酒泉衛(wèi)星發(fā)射中心發(fā)射升空，將五顆衛(wèi)星送入預(yù)定軌道。根據(jù)空后的名詞orbits可知，空處為形容詞，意為"預(yù)定的"。故填intended。
（3）考查介詞。句意：這次任務(wù)標(biāo)志著該公司設(shè)計(jì)的小型固體燃料軌道火箭"谷神星-1"的第五次發(fā)射。表示"由……設(shè)計(jì)"，用介詞by。故填by。
（4）考查時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)及主謂一致。句意：到目前為止，已經(jīng)有19顆衛(wèi)星被送入太空，創(chuàng)造了中國(guó)私營(yíng)公司的記錄。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為so?far，本句時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；主語(yǔ)為19?satellites，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，且和動(dòng)詞put之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填have?been?put。
（5）考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：星河動(dòng)力于2020年11月7日首次發(fā)射谷神星一號(hào)，這是中國(guó)第二家成功將衛(wèi)星送入近地軌道的民營(yíng)企業(yè)。此處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為主句一句話，在從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，故填which。
（6）考查副詞。句意：一些中國(guó)衛(wèi)星發(fā)射供應(yīng)商目前正在使用像"大腦"這樣的小型固體燃料火箭，其他公司正在開(kāi)發(fā)或測(cè)試可重復(fù)使用的液體燃料火箭發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。此處用副詞作狀語(yǔ)修飾句子。故填currently。
（7）考查時(shí)態(tài)及主謂一致。句意：一些中國(guó)衛(wèi)星發(fā)射供應(yīng)商目前正在使用像"大腦"這樣的小型固體燃料火箭，其他公司正在開(kāi)發(fā)或測(cè)試可重復(fù)使用的液體燃料火箭發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。根據(jù)句意和are?using可知，此處用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為others，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填are?developing。
（8）考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：自2015年政府開(kāi)始鼓勵(lì)私營(yíng)企業(yè)進(jìn)入太空領(lǐng)域以來(lái)，中國(guó)的商業(yè)航天產(chǎn)業(yè)迅速擴(kuò)張。encourage?sb do?sth表示"鼓勵(lì)某人做某事"。故填to?enter。
（9）考查冠詞。句意：總部位于北京的研究機(jī)構(gòu)未來(lái)空間研究在2020年發(fā)布的一份研究報(bào)告顯示，在過(guò)去幾年里，有170多家私營(yíng)企業(yè)進(jìn)入了太空行業(yè)。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示修"一份研究報(bào)告"，表示泛指，故用不定冠詞，research為輔音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞。故填a。
（10）考查形容詞。句意：就在這家中國(guó)初創(chuàng)公司成功發(fā)射的同一天，維珍軌道公司在英國(guó)的首次火箭發(fā)射中遭遇失敗。修飾名詞launch用形容詞形式。故填successful。
本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。本文主要介紹了中國(guó)的星河動(dòng)力航天科技公司成功發(fā)射了多個(gè)衛(wèi)星，創(chuàng)造力中國(guó)私營(yíng)公司的記錄。
語(yǔ)法填空考查學(xué)生英語(yǔ)綜合知識(shí)的運(yùn)用，做題時(shí)要首先明確短文大意，從詞語(yǔ)搭配，固定句型，語(yǔ)法，時(shí)態(tài)等方面綜合考慮，結(jié)合上下文語(yǔ)境找出正確答案。

42.【答案】The?meaning?of?life? differ?from?person?to?person， but?we?have?different?life?purposes?in?each?stage?of?life.For?each?goal，the?important?thing?is?to?give ?you?encouragement?to?get?up?in?the?morning?and?fight? against?what?we?want.We? had?seen?people?who?handle?many?tough? situation?with?motivation.Although?we?share?∧same?biological?structures， which?sets?us?apart?from?these?people?is?determination.Being?determined?to?achieve?something?and? overcame?all?difficulties?will?help?us?find?our?purposes?in?each?stage?of?life.Actually，if?we?can?not?find?a?purpose，we'll?not?only?bear?our?suffering，but?also?see?it?as?a?blessing.
詳解：
1.考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：人生的意義因人而異，我們?cè)谌松拿總€(gè)階段都有不同的人生目的。根據(jù)上下文可知，時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語(yǔ)為"the meaning of life"，單數(shù)，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)differs。故將differ改為differs。
2.考查連詞。句意：人生的意義因人而異，我們?cè)谌松拿總€(gè)階段都有不同的人生目的。分析句子可知，前一分句"The meaning of life differ from person to person"和后一分句"we have different life purposes in each stage of life"之間沒(méi)有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，為并列關(guān)系。故將but改為and。
3.考查代詞。句意：對(duì)于每一個(gè)目標(biāo)，重要的是給我們鼓勵(lì)，讓我們?cè)谠缟掀鸫玻瑸槲覀兿胍亩鴬^斗。根據(jù)上下文可知，本文的代詞為第一人稱，用us而不是you。故將you改為us。
4.考查介詞。句意：對(duì)于每一個(gè)目標(biāo)，重要的是給我們鼓勵(lì)，讓我們?cè)谠缟掀鸫玻瑸槲覀兿胍亩鴬^斗。fight for，意為"為……而奮斗"。故將against改為for。
5.考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我們見(jiàn)過(guò)一些人有動(dòng)力地處理許多棘手的情況?？疾楸揪渲^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)上下文可知，本文主要時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以本句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)而不是過(guò)去完成時(shí)。主語(yǔ)是We，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用have。故將had改為have。
6.考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：我們見(jiàn)過(guò)一些人有動(dòng)力地處理許多棘手的情況。根據(jù)situation前的many可知，situation用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故將situation改為situations。
7.考查冠詞。句意：雖然我們擁有相同的生理結(jié)構(gòu)，但我們與這些人的區(qū)別在于決心。形容詞same一定有定冠詞the修飾。故在same前加the。
8.考查主語(yǔ)從句。句意：雖然我們擁有相同的生理結(jié)構(gòu)，但我們與這些人的區(qū)別在于決心。這里為主語(yǔ)從句的連接詞，主語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，表示物，用連接代詞what。故將which改為what。
9.考查過(guò)去分詞。句意：下定決心要有所成就，克服一切困難，這將幫助我們?cè)谌松拿總€(gè)階段找到目標(biāo)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，and之后的內(nèi)容和之前的achieve保持一致。故將overcame改為overcome。
10.考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：事實(shí)上，如果我們能找到一個(gè)目標(biāo)，我們不僅能忍受痛苦，還能把它視為一種祝福。根據(jù)句意可知，本句表達(dá)的內(nèi)容是：如果能找到一個(gè)目標(biāo)，我們就能忍受痛苦。故去掉not。
【解析】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要介紹了人的一生，每個(gè)階段都有不同的人生目標(biāo)，而只有決心才能幫助我們實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。
短文改錯(cuò)時(shí)要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1.快速閱讀，整體把握短文大意；2.重視語(yǔ)境以及上下文的關(guān)系；3.充分運(yùn)用基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)找出錯(cuò)誤所在。

43.【答案】Discovering?Good?Books
According?to?a?recent?survey?on?how?people?discover?books，word?of?mouth?is?the?most?popular?method，with?38%?of?respondents?citing?it?as?their?primary?source.【高分句型一】This?is?followed?by?online?sellers?at?22%，physical?stores?at?16%，social?media?at?18%，and?other?methods?at?6%.（發(fā)現(xiàn)好書的方式）
While?word?of?mouth?recommendations?are?seen?as?the?most?reliable，social?media?and?online?sellers?provide?a?wide?variety?of?options?and?easy?access?to?reviews.【高分句型二】Physical?stores?offer?a?unique?browsing?experience.（評(píng)論）
Personally，I?rely?on?word?of?mouth?recommendations，but?also?browse?online?sellers?and?visit?physical?bookstores?from?time?to?time?to?discover?hidden?gems.（個(gè)人情況）
【解析】高分句型一
According?to?a?recent?survey?on?how?people?discover?books，word?of?mouth?is?the?most?popular?method，with?38%?of?respondents?citing?it?as?their?primary?source.
翻譯：根據(jù)最近一項(xiàng)關(guān)于人們?nèi)绾伟l(fā)現(xiàn)書籍的調(diào)查，口碑是最受歡迎的方法，38%的受訪者將其作為主要來(lái)源。
分析：運(yùn)用了how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。
高分句型二
While?word?of?mouth?recommendations?are?seen?as?the?most?reliable，social?media?and?online?sellers?provide?a?wide?variety?of?options?and?easy?access?to?reviews.
翻譯：雖然口碑推薦被認(rèn)為是最可靠的，但社交媒體和在線賣家提供了廣泛的選擇，而且很容易獲得評(píng)論。
分析：運(yùn)用了while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。
提綱作文在寫作時(shí)要注意內(nèi)容是否包含了所有要點(diǎn)。寫作時(shí)注意準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用時(shí)態(tài)，上下文意思連貫，符合邏輯關(guān)系，盡量使用自己熟悉的單詞句式，同時(shí)也要注意使用高級(jí)詞匯和高級(jí)句型使文章顯得更有檔次，平時(shí)需注意積累短語(yǔ)和重要句型。

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