
?樂山市高中2023屆教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測
英語
第一部分 聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)
做題時(shí),先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。
第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后面有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
例:How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.15. C. £9.18.
答案是B。
1. Why is the man’s phone broken?
A. The battery died. B. It has water damage. C. He dropped it on the ground.
2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Mother and son. B. Husband and wife. C. Teacher and student.
3. What is the weather like now?
A. It’s raining. B. It’s cloudy. C. It’s sunny.
4. Who did the car washing?
A. The garage. B. Tom and Peter. C. The man.
5. How docs the man feel about Mary’s test result?
A. Worried. B. Confused. C. Sorry.
聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。
6. Why does the woman make the phone call?
A. To book a table. B. To make an order. C. To apply for a part-time job.
7. What will the woman do at 2:30 in the afternoon?
A. Attend a class. B. Meet the manager. C. Work in a restaurant.
聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。
8. Where was the boy that morning?
A. In the classroom. B. In the art museum. C. At Ms. Green’s house.
9. What did Ms. Green think about the boy’s painting?
A. It was boring. B. It was strange. C. It was pleasing.
10. What is the topic of the conversation?
A. An oil painting. B. A famous artist. C. An art lesson.
聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。
11. How did Jane get interested in boxing?
A. She once saw it on TV.
B. Her parents encouraged her to do it.
C. Her teacher said it could help keep fit.
12. What is the most important as a top boxer according to Jane?
A. Pretty good skills.
B. Great physical condition.
C A very quick brain.
13. When will Jane have her next fight?
A. At the end of May. B. In early April. C. In late February.
聽第9段材料,回答第14至16題。
14. What does the woman do over the phone?
A. Complain about the hotel service.
B. Arrange an important meeting.
C. Order a full English breakfast.
15. How does the man feel?
A. Apologetic. B. Angry. C. Uninterested.
16. What will the man probably do next?
A. Eat his breakfast. B. Go to the kitchen. C. Wait by the phone.
聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。
17. When docs the speaker usually go to a movie with friends?
A. On weekends. B. On weekdays. C. During holidays.
18. How docs the speaker learn about a movie?
A. By seeing it herself.
B. By cheeking the film reviews.
C. By talking to her friends.
19. What might the speaker do if the tickets are sold out?
A. Steal in without a ticket.
B. Go back home and watch TV.
C. Buy a ticket for the next show.
20. What does the speaker like to do while watching a movie?
A. Eat popcorn. B. Talk to others. C. Put her feet up.
第二部分 閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)
閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
Hit the Sauna (桑拿) Instead of the Gym
A Coventry University study reports that sitting in a sauna for at least 30 minutes three times a week is as beneficial as hiking or riding a bike. It raises your body temperature, increases your heart rate, and helps keep your blood sugar at normal levels. Over time, this may lower your risk of type 2 diabetes, dementia, and heart disease.
Lower Stress with the Help of a Friend
According to a University of Illinois study, women are likely to turn to a caring female friend to talk about a problem, which successfully lowers their stress. And this strategy can help man as well. So the next time you feel stressed, call a friend. It might help you feel better, short-term and long.
Tai Chi reduces belly fat
A Hong Kong study found that Tai Chi (太極) reduces belly fat as effectively as conventional exercise. Since excess belly fat is linked to heart disease and type 2 diabetes, doing Tai chi can have some important health benefits.
Exercise builds bones and protects against cancer
A British study has found that people who suffer from osteoporosis — a condition that causes bones to become delicate and break easily could benefit from exercising more. Exercising accelerates (加快) the formation of new bone cell tissue and removal of old. Many hospitals recommend exercise for up to 150 minutes a week, as it increases energy and strength while reducing pain and anxiety.
1. What’s the benefit of turning to a friend?
A. Lowering the risk of diabetes. B. Reducing heart attack.
C. Keeping blood pressure. D. Relieving anxious emotions.
2. How does exercise help build bones?
A. By growing new bone cell tissue.
B. By increasing energy and reducing anxiety.
C. By breaking down the old and fragile bones.
D. By speeding up the turnover of old and new cells.
3. What are the four mini paragraphs about?
A. New treatment options for certain diseases. B. Major breakthroughs in medicine.
C. New findings in how to keep healthy. D. Advice on the frequency of exercise.
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文,介紹保持身心健康的四個(gè)新發(fā)現(xiàn)。
【1題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句“According to a University of Illinois study, women are likely to turn to a caring female friend to talk about a problem, which successfully lowers their stress.”(根據(jù)伊利諾伊大學(xué)的研究,女性往往會(huì)向女性知心朋友求助,探討問題,這么做能夠減緩她們的壓力。)可知,向朋友求助有利于減緩壓力,也就是緩解焦慮的情緒。故選D項(xiàng)。
【2題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的第二句“Exercising accelerates (加快) the formation of new bone cell tissue and removal of old.”(運(yùn)動(dòng)加快形成新的骨組織和清除舊的骨組織。)可知,運(yùn)動(dòng)主要是通過加快細(xì)胞的更新來促進(jìn)骨骼生長的。故選D項(xiàng)。
【3題詳解】
主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文,以及四個(gè)小標(biāo)題“Hit the Sauna (桑拿) Instead of the Gym”(去桑拿館而非健身房)、“Lower Stress with the Help of a Friend”(在朋友的幫助下減壓)、“Tai Chi reduces belly fat”(太極減少腹部脂肪)和“Exercise builds bones and protects against cancer”(運(yùn)動(dòng)促進(jìn)骨骼生長和預(yù)防癌癥)可知,本文分別講了保持健康的四個(gè)新發(fā)現(xiàn),這四個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)分別來自考文垂大學(xué)的研究、伊利諾伊大學(xué)的研究、香港的一項(xiàng)研究以及英國的一項(xiàng)研究。故選C項(xiàng)。
B
Two “stolen” notebooks written by Charles Darwin were returned to Cambridge University, nearly 22 years after they went missing. The notebooks included the scientist’s famous Tree of Life sketch(草圖) and were believed to have been taken in November 2000. Both notebooks were returned to the library in their original file boxes, and included a printed message which read, “Librarian — Happy Easter... X”.
Speaking to the BBC, Cambridge University’s librarian Dr Jessica Gardner said she felt “joyous” at their return. Initially, librarians had thought the notebooks had been misplaced by staff. After various checks through the years, head librarian Dr Gardner eventually reported the notebooks as stolen to the police in 2020.
Dr Gardner was also worried that the notebooks might have taken a lifetime or longer to come back. “I thought it might take years. My sense of relief at the notebooks’ safe return is profound and almost impossible to adequately express. I was heartbroken to learn of their loss and my joy at their return is immense.”
“There have been tears,” she added. “And I think there still will be, because we are not over the emotional roller coaster. It means so much to us to have these home.”
According to Dr Gardner, Cambridge University Libraries will be pulling the notebooks on display this summer, as part of the upcoming exhibition Darwin In Conversation, which opens oil July 9.
4. Who “stole” the notebooks?
A. A library staff member. B. A scientist researching Darwin.
C. Dr Jessica Gardner. D. Someone we don’t know.
5. We can learn from the first paragraph that ______.
A. the police found the “thief” from the message
B. the notebooks were damaged to some degree
C. the notebooks are very valuable documents
D. the notebooks were “stolen” during the Easter
6. What does Dr Gardner think of the return of the notebooks?
A. It’s thrilling and risky. B. It’s hard but worthwhile.
C. It’s unexpected while joyful. D. It’s sceptical and unbelievable.
7. What is the best title for this passage?
A. Notebooks that Reflects Charles Darwin’s Genius
B. Darwin’s Notebooks Found in Cambridge University
C. Charles Darwin’ Notebooks Returned after 22 Years
D. Darwin In Conversation, an Exhibition You Can’t Miss
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文,文章主要講述消失22年的達(dá)爾文筆記本被歸還給劍橋大學(xué)。
【4題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Both notebooks were returned to the library in their original file boxes, and included a printed message which read, ‘Librarian — Happy Easter... X’.(這兩本筆記本都被放回了原來的文件箱,里面印著一條信息,上面寫著:‘館長,復(fù)活節(jié)快樂……X’)”可知,文章沒有提及歸還者的姓名,所以不知道是誰盜走了筆記本。故選D項(xiàng)。
【5題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“The notebooks included the scientist’s famous Tree of Life sketch(草圖) and were believed to have been taken in November 2000.(這些筆記本包括這位科學(xué)家著名的《生命進(jìn)化樹》草圖,據(jù)說是在2000年11月盜走的)”可知,被盜的筆記本是非常寶貴的文件。故選C項(xiàng)。
【6題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Speaking to the BBC, Cambridge University’s librarian Dr Jessica Gardner said she felt ‘joyous’ at their return.(劍橋大學(xué)圖書管理員essica Gardner博士在接受BBC采訪時(shí)表示,她對它們的回歸感到‘高興’)”及第三段中“Dr Gardner was also worried that the notebooks might have taken a lifetime or longer to come back.(Gardner博士還擔(dān)心,這些筆記本可能要花上一輩子甚至更長的時(shí)間才能找回來)”可知,Gardner博士對于筆記本的回歸感到高興又意外。故選C項(xiàng)。
【7題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容,結(jié)合第一段中“Two ‘stolen’ notebooks written by Charles Darwin were returned to Cambridge University, nearly 22 years after they went missing.(查爾斯·達(dá)爾文的兩本‘被盜’筆記本在失蹤近22年后被歸還劍橋大學(xué))”可知,本文主要講述消失22年的達(dá)爾文筆記本被歸還給劍橋大學(xué)。故選C項(xiàng)。
C
The first time I realized that I had a love for sports competitions was during the Field Day (室外運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)) in elementary school.
Small for my age, and more of a bookworm than a sports enthusiast, I had suffered that special shame of being picked last for various gym teams. The Field Day, which focused on individual skills, was different.
In the Softball Throw (女子棒球) event, I got my first taste of sporting victory. I put it down to my first coach, my father. He bought us all baseball gloves and hats, and in the warm months, we spent hours playing catch. Come fall, our backyard football games began with passing practice.
Once I got to sixth grade, the entire students were assigned to either the Red or the White team. Throughout the year, we competed against each other in various games and exercises for points. I eventually became president of The Committee of Games, increasing my competitive fever. However, in girls’ sports games at my school. I was no star. During the weekends at home, playing tennis, skating, skiing and biking were simply normal things we did.
Magazines were also quite popular for us teens. These regularly featured articles on physical exercise. Somehow, my college roommate and I took up the habit of completing the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) exercise every day, a sweaty body building practice that continued into my marriage, when we had no spare funds to use to join a gym. So, though it shocked some of our friends, the early foundation evolved in adulthood into a sports and fitness focus, which was considered essential even on vacation.
I still love reading and the arts, too. As far as I’m considered, life is the richest with my feet in both worlds.
8. What does the author mean by saying “being picked last for various gym teams” in paragraph 2?
A. She seemed to have little talent in gym games. B. She had to interest in sports.
C. She joined various groups. D. She was tired of competition.
9. Which is closest in meaning to “put it down to” in paragraph 3?
A. Owe it to. B. Pass it on to.
C. Hand it over to. D. Show it off to.
10. What can we infer from paragraph 4&5?
A. She developed an interest in reading magazine.
B. Sports gradually became part of her life.
C. Sports game had influenced her marriage a lot.
D. She didn’t like competitive sports.
11. Which of the following statements would the author agree?
A. Reading comes second to Sports. B. Life’s foundation all lies in sports.
C. Girls’ sports are not competitive. D. Sports enriches life as well as books.
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文,講述的是作者在第一次嘗到體育比賽勝利的滋味后愛上了運(yùn)動(dòng),運(yùn)動(dòng)成為其生活的一部分,豐富了自己的生活。
【8題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句“Small for my age, and more of a bookworm than a sports enthusiast, I had suffered that special shame of being picked last for various gym teams.”(因?yàn)槲夷昙o(jì)小,而且我更多是一個(gè)書蟲,而非運(yùn)動(dòng)愛好者,所以我遭受了特別的侮辱,即我是各類體育隊(duì)挑剩的。)可知,作者在各種體育隊(duì)中最后被選中,說明她似乎在體育方面沒有什么天賦。故選A項(xiàng)。
【9題詳解】
詞句猜測題。A. Owe it to歸功于;B. Pass it on to傳遞給;C. Hand it over to交給;D. Show it off to向……炫耀。劃線短語的前文“In the Softball Throw (女子棒球) event, I got my first taste of sporting victory.”(女子棒球比賽中,我第一次嘗到了體育比賽勝利的滋味。)提到作者取得了棒球比賽的勝利;后文“He bought us all baseball gloves and hats, and in the warm months, we spent hours playing catch.”(他給我們所有人買了棒球手套和棒球帽,在溫暖的日子里,我們一起玩接球游戲。)講的是作者父親曾給作者及家里人買了棒球裝備并一起玩棒球,由此推測,作者棒球比賽取得勝利主要?dú)w功于父親帶著作者他們玩棒球,所以“put it down to”的意思與“owe it to”的意思最為接近。故選A項(xiàng)。
【10題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段的最后一句“So, though it shocked some of our friends, the early foundation evolved in adulthood into a sports and fitness focus, which was considered essential even on vacation.”(所以,盡管這讓一些朋友感到震驚,但是我早期打下的體育基礎(chǔ)逐漸發(fā)展為注重體育健身,即使度假時(shí)仍然十分重要。)可知,即使在度假期間,體育健身也十分重要,說明體育逐漸成為了她生活中的一部分。故選B項(xiàng)。
【11題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段的最后一句“So, though it shocked some of our friends, the early foundation evolved in adulthood into a sports and fitness focus, which was considered essential even on vacation. I still love reading and the arts, too. As far as I’m considered, life is the richest with my feet in both worlds.”(所以,盡管這讓一些朋友感到震驚,但是我早期打下的體育基礎(chǔ)逐漸發(fā)展為注重體育健身,即使度假時(shí)仍然十分重要。)和第六段“I still love reading and the arts, too. As far as I’m considered, life is the richest with my feet in both worlds.”(我仍舊喜歡閱讀和藝術(shù)。我覺得能夠同時(shí)涉足這兩個(gè)領(lǐng)域能夠讓我的生活過得最為多姿多彩。)可知,作者覺得同時(shí)涉足閱讀和藝術(shù)與運(yùn)動(dòng)兩大領(lǐng)域是能夠讓生活過得豐富多彩的,說明作者會(huì)認(rèn)為,運(yùn)動(dòng)和書籍一樣,能夠豐富自己的生活。故選D項(xiàng)。
D
Scientists have discovered a common household item is the perfect host for bacteria: the kitchen sponge (海綿塊). According to the new research, a sponge is a better habitat for diverse bacterial communities than a laboratory petri dish.
Some bacteria prefer living with a collection of microbial species, while others prefer solitude. “Bacteria are just like people living through the pandemic — some find it difficult being set apart while others thrive (繁育),” says study co author Lingchong You, a professor of biomedical engineering at Duke, in a statement.
In their study, researchers distributed different strains of E. coli (大腸桿菌菌株) onto plates with different numbers of wells, which functioned as physical separation. The large wells allowed microbial species to mix freely, while the small wells let species keep to themselves. After 30 hours, they looked at the number and types of bacterial on each plate, which had anywhere from six to 1, 536 wells. The scientists found that a moderate level of physical separation, similar to the structure of a kitchen sponge, allowed both kinds of bacteria — those that live in groups and those that live alone — to thrive.
After the researchers ran their initial experiments, they recreated the experiment on a sponge. They found that the bacterial community growing on a kitchen sponge was more diverse than those produced in laboratory petri dishes, which are designed to host bacteria. “Sponges are not really well-suited for kitchen cleanness.” says Markus Egert, a microbiologist at Furtwangen University. “There’s hardly any sterile surface at home, but the kitchen sponge is probably the most thickly populated item at home.”
To keep bacterial growth to a minimum (最小量), Markus recommends microwaving your kitchen sponge for one to two minutes, keeping it away from raw meat, and replacing it every couple of weeks.
12. What does the underlined word “solitude” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Being alone. B. Growing in the soil.
C. Being in air. D. Living in groups
13. Why is a sponge a better host for bacteria according to paragraph 3?
A. It mixes microbial species to a different level.
B. Its moderate holey structure maintains both kinds of bacteria.
C. It offers a high level of nutrients to bacteria.
D. It allows bacteria communities to keep to themselves.
14. What can we learn from Markus Egert’s words?
A. Raw meat is a major source of bacteria.
B. The sponge is a necessity in every kitchen.
C. The sponge should be removed from the kitchen.
D. Bacteria can grow on almost every item at home.
15 What’s the purpose of writing the passage?
A. To urgently call for kitchen cleanness.
B. I o explain how we easily fall victim to bacteria.
C. To call on people to abandon kitchen sponges.
D. To report kitchen sponge is a better home for bacteria.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文,文章主要講述研究表明,廚房用品海綿是細(xì)菌的完美宿主。
【12題詳解】
詞句猜測題。劃線詞所在句中的while表示對比,結(jié)合劃線詞前“Some bacteria prefer living with a collection of microbial species(有些細(xì)菌喜歡與一群微生物物種生活在一起)”可知,有些細(xì)菌喜歡與一群微生物物種生活在一起,結(jié)合畫線單詞所在句子中while可知,前后是對比關(guān)系,有些細(xì)菌喜歡與一群微生物物種生活在一起,然而其他的喜歡獨(dú)處,所以劃線單詞solitude意為“獨(dú)處”。故選A項(xiàng)。
【13題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“The scientists found that a moderate level of physical separation, similar to the structure of a kitchen sponge, allowed both kinds of bacteria—those that live in groups and those that live alone—to thrive.(科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn),適度的物理隔離,類似于廚房海綿的結(jié)構(gòu),可以讓兩種細(xì)菌——群居和獨(dú)居的細(xì)菌——茁壯成長)”可知,海綿是細(xì)菌更好的宿主,是因?yàn)槠溥m度的孔洞結(jié)構(gòu)使兩種細(xì)菌都能生存。故選B項(xiàng)。
【14題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中Markus Egert說的話“There’s hardly any sterile surface at home(家里幾乎沒有無菌的表面)”可知,細(xì)菌幾乎可以在家里的每一件物品上生長,故選D項(xiàng)。
【15題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容,結(jié)合第一段中“Scientists have discovered a common household item is the perfect host for bacteria: the kitchen sponge(海綿塊).”可知,文章主要講述了一項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果,廚房用品海綿是細(xì)菌的完美宿主,文章目的是闡述這一信息。故選D項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Resilience means “doing well in the face of risk or adversity (逆境)”. Being resilient isn’t about avoiding misfortune, but rather how we respond to it. Even if you consider yourself resilient, you may need some guidance in especially hard times. ____16____.
Develop relationships. Connecting with empathetic (用同理心的) and understanding people can remind you that you’re not alone in the midst of difficulties. ____17____. When adversity strikes, a supportive friend with good listening skills can make a big difference. And if you want your friends and family to support your resilience, remember to support theirs too.
____18____. It’s hard to be positive when life isn’t going your way. An optimistic view empowers you to expect that good things will happen to you. Try imagining what you want, rather than worrying about what you fear. Along the way, note any subtle ways in which you start to feel better as you deal with difficult situations.
Move toward your goals. ____19____. Even if it seems like a small accomplishment, it enables you to move toward the things you want to accomplish. Instead of focusing on tasks that seem unachievable, ask yourself, “What’s one thing I know I can accomplish today that helps me move in the direction I want to go?”
Don’t try to ban misfortune completely. ____20____. But our reactions to big problems may be informed partly by the many smaller setbacks we face in daily life. Everyday stress probably helps us learn how to handle bigger challenges and gradually improve our adaptive systems.
A. Find a sense of purpose
B. Maintain a hopeful outlook
C. Develop some realistic goals and do something regularly
D. How you think can play a significant part in how you feel
E. To build resilience, the experts suggest the following
F. Set up and maintain a support network before you need it
G. Resilience usually refers to how we handle serious adversity
【答案】16. E 17. F 18. B 19. C 20. G
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了韌性的作用以及如何建立韌性。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Being resilient isn’t about avoiding misfortune, but rather how we respond to it. Even if you consider yourself resilient, you may need some guidance in especially hard times.” (韌性意味著在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)或困難面前做得很好。有韌性不是避免不幸,而是我們?nèi)绾螒?yīng)對它。即便你認(rèn)為自己有韌性,在特別困難的時(shí)候,你可能也需要更強(qiáng)大的力量。)”可知,上文提到了什么是韌性,韌性是關(guān)于我們?nèi)绾螒?yīng)對困難的,即使我們有韌性,在特別困難的時(shí)候也需要一些引導(dǎo),結(jié)合后文介紹了建立韌性的方法,故E項(xiàng)“為了建立韌性,專家們提出了以下建議”符合語境,承上啟下。故選E。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)本段主旨句“Develop relationships.(發(fā)展人際關(guān)系)”以及“上文Connecting with empathetic(用同理心的) and understanding people can remind you that you’re not alone in the midst of difficulties. (與有同理心的和通情達(dá)理的人交往可以提醒你,在困難中你并不孤單。)”可知,本段的主旨建立人際關(guān)系,通過朋友來建立韌性,與有同理心的和通情達(dá)理的人在一起可以讓你感覺面對困難不孤單,F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)中“Set up and maintain a support network”對應(yīng)上文中“Connecting with empathetic(用同理心的) and understanding people”。故F項(xiàng)“在你需要它之前,建立和維護(hù)一個(gè)支持性的網(wǎng)絡(luò)”符合語境。故選F。
【18題詳解】
空處為段落標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文“It’s hard to be positive when life isn’t going your way. An optimistic view empowers you to expect that good things will happen to you. Try imagining what you want, rather than worrying about what you fear. Along the way, note any subtle ways in which you start to feel better as you deal with difficult situations.(當(dāng)生活不順的時(shí)候,你很難保持樂觀。樂觀的觀點(diǎn)讓你期待好事會(huì)發(fā)生在你身上。試著想象你想要什么,而不是擔(dān)心你害怕什么。在這個(gè)過程中,當(dāng)你處理困難的情況時(shí),注意任何微妙讓你開始感覺更好的方式。 )”可推斷,本段建議在很難保持樂觀的情況下,保持積極的展望,注意讓自己感覺好一點(diǎn)的方法,因此本段應(yīng)是建議保持充滿希望的展望。故B項(xiàng)“保持充滿希望的展望”符合語境。故選B。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)段落標(biāo)題“Move toward your goals.(朝著目標(biāo)前進(jìn))”可知,本段講述與目標(biāo)有關(guān),下文“Even if it seems like a small accomplishment, it enables you to move toward the things you want to accomplish. Instead of focusing on tasks that seem unachievable, ask yourself, ‘What’s one thing I know I can accomplish today that helps me move in the direction I want to go?’(即使它看起來是一個(gè)小成就,它能讓你朝著你想要完成的事情前進(jìn)。與其把注意力集中在那些看起來無法完成的任務(wù)上,不如問問自己:“我知道今天我能完成的一件事能幫助我朝著我想要的方向前進(jìn)的事情是什么?”)”講述要把注意力放在可以向著你的目標(biāo)前進(jìn)的小事情上,不要把注意力集中在無法完成的不切實(shí)際的事情上,C項(xiàng)“realistic goals”呼應(yīng)下文,因此推斷C項(xiàng)“制定一些現(xiàn)實(shí)的目標(biāo),并定期做一些事情”符合語境,故選C。
20題詳解】
根據(jù)下文“But our reactions to big problems may be informed partly by the many smaller setbacks we face in daily life. Everyday stress probably helps us learn how to handle bigger challenges and gradually improve our adaptive systems.(然而,我們對大問題的反應(yīng)可能部分取決于我們在日常生活中面臨的許多小挫折。每天的壓力可能會(huì)幫助我們學(xué)習(xí)如何應(yīng)對更大的挑戰(zhàn),并逐步改善我們的適應(yīng)系統(tǒng)。)”中的but可知,空處與后文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,后文講述我們在日常生活中每天面臨的是一些小挫折,因此推斷空處講述韌性通常指的是我們?nèi)绾翁幚韲?yán)重的逆境。故G項(xiàng)“韌性通常指的是我們?nèi)绾翁幚韲?yán)重的逆境”符合語境,故選G。
第三部分 英語知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)
第一節(jié) 完形填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)
閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
I have seen the extraordinary impact volunteers have on patient care. They go about their work quietly, but often we ____21____ how important they are, forgetting there is a ____22____ aspect just as important as biological’s.
I remember an elderly woman who broke her hip, ____23____ to walk. Yet what ____24____ her most was her dog at home, alone, without any food. From a medical perspective, this wasn’t a ____25____. Yet for the ____26____, she wouldn’t have been able to ____27____ on getting better until she knew her dog was looked after. Then the volunteer ____28____ in the sickroom and reassured that he would ____29____ everything. He checked on the dog, fed him and ____30____ to find a foster home (寄養(yǎng)家庭) for it. It allowed the patient ____31____ of mind on physical recovery.
When I was 18 and had just started ____32____ school, I too volunteered. I had volunteered thinking that I would help others but ____33____, it helped me. On my first day I met an elderly woman who had just been ____34____ with terminal cancer. I’d never met anyone who was dying and didn’t know what to say or how to ____35____. But over the ____36____ of many weeks, we ____37____ a close friendship. In the later six months, she taught me more about life and ____38____ than six years at medical school ever could.
At such a young age, she had a ____39____ impact on me. Yes, it was sad when she died. But more than anything, it was a heart warming, uplifting and fulfilling ____40____, which changed me for the better.
21. A. overlook B. suggest C. realize D. compare
22. A. cultural B. physical C. social D. financial
23. A. unsure B. unable C. unwilling D. unlikely
24. A. touched B. impressed C. pleased D. depressed
25. A. concern B. promise C. doubt D. risk
26. A. patient B. nurse C. doctor D. assistant
27. A. depend B. focus C. take D. hold
28. A. relaxed B. waited C. stepped D. lived
29. A. cover B. repair C. clean D. sold
30. A. needed B. managed C. seemed D. hoped
31. A. silence B. mess C. struggle D. peace
32. A. public B. official C. medical D. special
33. A. actually B. totally C. personally D. originally
34. A. associated B. blamed C. replaced D. diagnosed
35. A. avoid B. act C. follow D. contact
36. A. study B. exercise C. course D. interview
37. A. gave up B. failed in C. knocked on D. struck up
38. A. faith B. death C. regret D. devotion
39. A. general B. serious C. profound D. temporary
40. A. lesson B. effort C. trial D. experience
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要說明了作者對于志愿者工作的看法以及自己從事志愿者的經(jīng)歷和體會(huì)。
【21題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:他們安靜地工作,但我們經(jīng)常忽略他們的重要性,忘記了他們在社交方面和生理方面一樣重要。A. overlook忽視;B. suggest建議;C. realize意識到;D. compare比較。根據(jù)后文“how important they are, forgetting there is a”可知指忽略志愿者的重要性。故選A。
【22題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:他們安靜地工作,但我們經(jīng)常忽略他們的重要性,忘記了他們在社交方面和生理方面一樣重要。A. cultural文化的;B. physical身體的;C. social社交的;D. financial經(jīng)濟(jì)的。根據(jù)后文“aspect just as important as biological’s”可知,志愿者對病人的重要性和作用,除了體現(xiàn)在生理方面,應(yīng)該還體現(xiàn)在社交方面,故選C。
【23題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:我記得一位老婦人髖部骨折,無法行走。A. unsure不確定的;B. unable不能的;C. unwilling不情愿的;D. unlikely不可能的。根據(jù)上文“an elderly woman who broke her hip”可知,一位老婦人髖部骨折,無法行走。故選B。
【24題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:然而,最讓她沮喪的是她的狗獨(dú)自在家,沒有任何食物。A. touched觸動(dòng);B. impressed使印象深刻;C. pleased取悅;D. depressed使沮喪。根據(jù)后文“her most was her dog at home, alone, without any food”可知,她的狗獨(dú)自在家,沒有任何食物,因?yàn)閾?dān)心,這最讓她沮喪。故選D。
【25題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:從醫(yī)學(xué)角度來看,這不是重要的事情。A. concern(對人、組織等)重要的事情;B. promise承諾;C. doubt懷疑;D. risk風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。老婦人擔(dān)心她的狗,所以從醫(yī)學(xué)角度來看,于疾病而言,這不是重要的事情。故選A。
【26題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:然而,對于這位病人來說,直到她知道她的狗被照顧好了,她才能夠?qū)W⒂诤棉D(zhuǎn)。A. patient病人;B. nurse護(hù)士;C. doctor醫(yī)生;D. assistant助手。根據(jù)上文“an elderly woman who broke her hip”可知老婦人是病人。故選A。
【27題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:然而,對于這位病人來說,直到她知道她的狗被照顧好了,她才能夠?qū)W⒂诤棉D(zhuǎn)。A. depend取決于;B. focus集中;C. take帶走;D. hold持有。根據(jù)后文“on getting better”和“physical recovery”可知,指老婦人專注于養(yǎng)病,故選B。
【28題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:然后這位志愿者走進(jìn)病房,保證他會(huì)處理好一切。A. relaxed放松;B. waited等;C. stepped踏;D. lived居住。根據(jù)后文“in the sickroom”可推知,此處指志愿者走進(jìn)病房。故選C。
【29題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:然后這位志愿者走進(jìn)病房,保證他會(huì)處理好一切。A. cover覆蓋;B. repair修理;C. clean清理;D. sold出售。根據(jù)后文“He checked on the dog, fed him”可知,志愿者保證他會(huì)處理好狗的一切,cover everything表示“面面俱到”。故選A。
【30題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:他檢查了那只狗,喂它,并設(shè)法為它找到了一個(gè)寄養(yǎng)家庭。A. needed需要;B. managed設(shè)法;C. seemed似乎;D. hoped希望。根據(jù)后文“to find a foster home for it”指設(shè)法為狗找到寄養(yǎng)家庭,故選B。
【31題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:它讓病人在身體恢復(fù)的時(shí)候安心。A. silence沉默;B. mess混亂;C. struggle掙扎;D. peace平靜,和平。根據(jù)前文“老婦人擔(dān)心她的狗”和后文“of mind on physical recovery”可知,志愿者的行為讓病人在身體恢復(fù)的時(shí)候安心。故選D。
【32題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)我18歲剛上醫(yī)學(xué)院的時(shí)候,我也做過志愿者。A. public公眾的;B. official官方的;C. medical醫(yī)學(xué)的;D. special特別的。結(jié)合后文“at medical school ever could”可知作者是學(xué)醫(yī)的。故選C。
【33題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:我曾經(jīng)想過我會(huì)幫助別人,但實(shí)際上,它幫助了我。 A. actually實(shí)際上;B. totally完全;C. personally個(gè)人;D. originally起初。根據(jù)后文“it helped me”可知,幫助別人的行為實(shí)際上幫助了作者。故選A。
【34題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:我來的第一天,我遇到了一位剛剛被診斷為癌癥晚期的老太太。A. associated聯(lián)系;B. blamed責(zé)備;C. replaced取代;D. diagnosed診斷。根據(jù)后文“with terminal cancer”指被診斷為癌癥晚期。故選D。
【35題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:我從未遇到過這樣快死去的人,卻不知道該說什么,該怎么做。A. avoid避免;B. act行動(dòng);C. follow跟隨;D. contact聯(lián)系。根據(jù)上文“didn’t know what to say or how to”指作者沒有遇見過這種情況,不知道該說什么,該怎么做。故選B。
【36題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:但幾個(gè)星期過去了,我們建立起了親密友誼。A. study學(xué)習(xí);B. exercise鍛煉;C. course課程,過程;D. interview采訪。根據(jù)后文“of many weeks”此處指許多星期的相處過程,故選C。
【37題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:但幾個(gè)星期過去了,我們建立起了親密的友誼。A. gave up放棄;B. failed in失??;C. knocked on敲擊;D. struck up建立。根據(jù)后文“a close friendship”指建立起了友誼。故選D。
【38題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:在后來的六個(gè)月里,她教給我的關(guān)于生與死的知識比在醫(yī)學(xué)院六年學(xué)到的還要多。A. faith信念;B. death死亡;C. regret后悔;D. devotion奉獻(xiàn)。根據(jù)上文“l(fā)ife and”此處指生與死,故選B。
【39題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:在我如此年輕時(shí)候,她對我產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。A. general普遍的;B. serious嚴(yán)肅的;C. profound深刻的;D. temporary暫時(shí)的。老太太教會(huì)了作者很多關(guān)于生與死的知識,對作者影響深遠(yuǎn)。故選C。
【40題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:但最重要的是,這是一個(gè)溫暖的心、令人振奮和充實(shí)的經(jīng)歷,它改變了我,讓我變得更好。A. lesson課程;B. effort努力;C. trial試驗(yàn);D. experience經(jīng)歷。照顧這位老太太是作者的一次志愿者經(jīng)歷。故選D。
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)
閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Apart from athletes, a grand sports event is hard to hold ____41____(smooth) without volunteers. More than 19.000 volunteers are on duty ____42____(serve) the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games, who ____43____(honor) as “heroes behind the scenes.” The Beijing Winter Olympics are ____44____ world’s first multi-sport event to be held as scheduled since the outbreak of COV1D-19, so the organization and operation of the Games required highly ____45____(profession) “heroes” behind the scenes.
During the thrilling events, many warm and friendly interactions between volunteers and athletes have been shared ____46____ international social media platforms. One example is a video posted by US athlete Tessa Maud, in which she said she was moved to ____47____(tear) by a volunteer who greeted her at the opening ceremony of the Olympics. The video has been widely spreading online and ____48____(receive) over 90,000 views on Sina Weibo.
Since the opening of the Beijing Olympic Winter Games, many stories like this have passed on warmth, friendship and solidarity. Many of the athletes said that they really enjoyed and appreciated ____49____ they had experienced in China and that the thing they loved most was counting the ____50____(smile) volunteers who waved at them. Let us give these volunteers a thumbs-up and a round of applause.
【答案】41. smoothly
42. to serve
43. are honored
44. the 45. professional
46. on 47. tears
48. has received
49. what 50. smiling
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道,文章講述了2022年背景冬奧會(huì)的幕后英雄——志愿者。
【41題詳解】
考查副詞。句意:除了運(yùn)動(dòng)員,一場盛大的體育賽事如果沒有志愿者就很難順利舉行。修飾動(dòng)詞hold應(yīng)用副詞形式。故填smoothly。
【42題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意:超過1.9萬名志愿者為北京2022年冬奧會(huì)服務(wù),他們被譽(yù)為“幕后英雄”。結(jié)合句意可知,此處表示目的,應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語。故填to serve。
【43題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:超過1.9萬名志愿者為北京2022年冬奧會(huì)服務(wù),他們被譽(yù)為“幕后英雄”。句子是描述一個(gè)事實(shí),應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),who引導(dǎo)定語從句,who替代先行詞volunteers在從句中作主語,表示復(fù)數(shù)意義,且和動(dòng)詞honor之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故此處用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),be動(dòng)詞用are。故填are honored。
【44題詳解】
考查定冠詞。句意:北京冬奧會(huì)是新冠肺炎疫情暴發(fā)以來世界上第一個(gè)如期舉辦的多項(xiàng)目賽事,因此,奧運(yùn)會(huì)的組織和運(yùn)營需要高度專業(yè)的幕后“英雄”??蘸笥行驍?shù)詞first,此處應(yīng)用定冠詞,故填the。
【45題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意:北京冬奧會(huì)是新冠肺炎疫情暴發(fā)以來世界上第一個(gè)如期舉辦的多項(xiàng)目賽事,因此,奧運(yùn)會(huì)的組織和運(yùn)營需要高度專業(yè)的幕后“英雄”。空處應(yīng)填形容詞作定語,修飾名詞heroes,professional專業(yè)的。故填professional。
【46題詳解】
考查介詞。句意:在激動(dòng)人心的比賽過程中,志愿者和運(yùn)動(dòng)員之間的許多熱情友好的互動(dòng)在國際社交媒體平臺上被分享?!霸谏缃幻襟w平臺”用介詞on,固定搭配,故填on。
【47題詳解】
考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意:其中一個(gè)例子是美國運(yùn)動(dòng)員Tessa Maud發(fā)布的一段視頻,她在視頻中說,在奧運(yùn)會(huì)開幕式上,一名志愿者向她打招呼,她被感動(dòng)得流下了眼淚。be moved to tears“感動(dòng)得流淚”,固定短語,故填tears。
【48題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:這段視頻在網(wǎng)上廣泛傳播,在新浪微博上獲得了超過9萬的閱讀量。此處是and連接的并列謂語動(dòng)詞,前一個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞使用的是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí),結(jié)合句意可知此處指“在新浪微博上已經(jīng)獲得了超過9萬的閱讀量”,此處用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),主語主語The video是名詞單數(shù),助動(dòng)詞用has,故填has received。
【49題詳解】
考查賓語從句。句意:許多運(yùn)動(dòng)員表示,他們非常享受和感激在中國的經(jīng)歷,他們最喜歡的事情是數(shù)那些微笑著向他們揮手的志愿者。分析句子可知,空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句,引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作賓語,表示“在中國經(jīng)歷的事情”,應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)。故填what。
【50題詳解】
考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意:許多運(yùn)動(dòng)員表示,他們非常享受和感激在中國的經(jīng)歷,他們最喜歡的事情是數(shù)那些微笑著向他們揮手的志愿者。動(dòng)詞smile和volunteers之間是主謂關(guān)系,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。故填smiling。
第四部分 寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分35分)
第一節(jié) 短文改錯(cuò)(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)
51. 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(?),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。
修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意:1. 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均只限一詞;
2. 只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。
Last weekend, our class went to Guangming Nursing Home and do some voluntary work. Upon our arrive, we were warmly welcomed by the elderly people. At first, we presented them to flowers and fruits. Then, we started working at once, cleaning the windows or sweeping the floor. Everything done, we sat in the yard chat with the elderly people. When it was time for us to leave, the elderly people thanked us for their kindness. They said it was so a beautiful day that they would remember it forever.
Tiring as we were. we thought it was meaningful and unforgettable experience. What we did brought joy to others and enriched our own lives as well as.
【答案】1.do→did
2.arrive→arrival/arriving
3.to→with
4.or→and
5.chat→chatting
6.their→our
7.so→such
8.Tiring→Tired
9.在meaningful前加a
10.刪除as
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文,文章講述了作者的班級上周末去敬老院做志愿工作的經(jīng)歷。
【詳解】1.考查一般過去時(shí)。句意:上周末,我們班去光明敬老院做一些志愿工作。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語Last weekend可知,此處是講述過去發(fā)生的事情,應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí),故將do改為did。
2.考查名詞/動(dòng)名詞。句意:我們一到,就受到老年人的熱烈歡迎。upon是介詞,應(yīng)用名詞arrival作賓語,也可用動(dòng)名詞作介詞賓語,our是動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語,故將arrive改為arrival/arriving。
3.考查介詞。句意:首先,我們送給他們鮮花和水果。present sb with sth把某物送給某人,固定搭配,故將to改為with。
4.考查連詞。句意:然后,我們馬上開始工作,擦窗戶并掃地。cleaning the windows和sweeping the floor是并列關(guān)系,不是選擇關(guān)系,應(yīng)用and連接,故將or改為and。
5.考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意:一切都做好了,我們坐在院子里和老人聊天。分析句子可知,句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞sat,chat應(yīng)用非謂語形式,chat和邏輯主語we之間是主謂關(guān)系,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語,故將chat改為chatting。
6.考查形容詞性物主代詞。句意:當(dāng)我們要離開的時(shí)候,老人感謝我們的善良。結(jié)合句意可知,此處指“老人感謝我們的善良”,應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞our,故將their改為our。
7.考查結(jié)果狀語從句。句意:他們說這是如此美好的一天,他們將永遠(yuǎn)記住。a beautiful day是名詞短語,應(yīng)用such修飾,so是副詞,修飾形容詞,故將so改為such。
8.考查形容詞。句意:雖然我們很累,但我們認(rèn)為這是一次有意義的和難忘的經(jīng)歷。此處是讓步狀語從句的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),主語we指人,應(yīng)用tired作表語,tiring修飾物,不符合題意。故將Tiring改為Tired。
9.考查不定冠詞。句意:雖然我們很累,但我們認(rèn)為這是一次有意義的和難忘的經(jīng)歷。experience在此處作可數(shù)名詞,此處泛指“一次有意義的和難忘的經(jīng)歷”,應(yīng)用不定冠詞,故在meaningful前加a。
10.考查固定短語。句意:我們所做的給別人帶來了快樂,也豐富了我們自己的生活,此處指“也”,用固定短語as well,as well as意為“和,以及”,用于連接并列成分。故刪除as。
第二節(jié) 書面表達(dá)(滿分25分)
52. 假定你是李華,是你校某學(xué)生社團(tuán)負(fù)責(zé)人。最近,外國友人將參觀你校,希望了解你校學(xué)生社團(tuán)活動(dòng)情況。請你準(zhǔn)備一段本社團(tuán)的簡要介紹,內(nèi)容包括:
1. 你負(fù)責(zé)社團(tuán)的基本信息;
2. 該社團(tuán)發(fā)展情況;
3. 該社團(tuán)開展的活動(dòng)。
注意:1. 詞數(shù)100詞左右;
2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。
【答案】Let me introduce our English club , which takes learning and using English as the carrier to learn music and learn to play.Our club was founded in 1990 and expanded from 30 members to 300 members .
Our English club provides us with the following activities,such as, early reading class,English corner and competitions.By talking with foreign teachers, students can exchange feelings, experience different tastes, experience foreign customs, and improve English communication level. Besides,you can learn funny and humorous performances, improve your stage performance.We will also regularly play movies for members to learn English in a relaxing and pleasant atmosphere. Students are fond of it and it is popular with students.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生給外國友人介紹你校學(xué)生社團(tuán)活動(dòng)情況。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
把……當(dāng)作是……: take...as→regard...as/treat...as
此外:besides → what’s more
比賽:competition→match
喜歡:be fond of→ be attached to
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復(fù)合句
原句:Students are fond of it and it is popular with students.
拓展句:Students are so fond of it that it is popular with students.
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】
Let me introduce our English club , which takes learning and using English as the carrier to learn music and learn to play.Our club was founded in 1990 and expanded from 30 members to 300 members .(運(yùn)用了which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句)
【高分句型2】We will regularly play movies for members to learn English in a relaxed and pleasant atmosphere.(運(yùn)用了動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語)
聽力答案:1-5 B A B A C 6-10 C A B A C 11-15 A B C A A 16-20 B A B C A
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