江蘇省揚(yáng)州市2021年中考英語試題（含詳解）-試卷下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

?揚(yáng)州市 2021年初中畢業(yè)、升學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題
說明∶
1. 本試卷共 8 頁, 包含選擇題（第1 題～第 45 題, 共 45 題）、非選擇題（第46 題～第 81 題, 共 36 題）兩部分。滿分 120 分, 考試時(shí)間為100 分鐘?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后, 請將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
2. 答題前, 考生務(wù)必將本人的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上, 同時(shí)務(wù)必在試卷的裝訂線內(nèi)將本人的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號、畢業(yè)學(xué)校填寫好, 在試卷第 4頁的右下角填寫好座位號。 3. 所有的試題都必須在專用的"答題卡"上作答, 選擇題用 2B 鉛筆作答、非選擇題在指定位置用 0. 5 毫米黑色水筆作答。在試卷或草稿紙上答題無效。
一、單項(xiàng)選擇（共 15 小題;每小題1分, 計(jì) 15 分）
在下列各題 A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇一個(gè)能填人題干空白處的最佳答案。
1. As ________ teacher, it’s important to be ________ good role model for their students.
A. the; a B. a; the C. a; a D. the; the
【答案】C
【】
【詳解】句意：作為一名教師，為學(xué)生做一個(gè)好榜樣是很重要的。
考查冠詞的用法。a/an不定冠詞，表示泛指，the定冠詞，表示特指。兩處均表示泛指“一個(gè)”，teacher和good都是以輔音音素開頭的單詞，都用a。故選C。
2. —Which colour do you like, red or blue?
— ________. I like green.
A. Either B. Both C. Neither D. None
【答案】C
【】
【分析】
【詳解】句意：——你喜歡什么顏色，紅色還是藍(lán)色？——都不喜歡。我喜歡綠色。
考查代詞辨析。Either兩者中任何一個(gè)；Both兩者都；Neither兩者都不；None三者或三者以上都不。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)“red or blue”和空后“I like green.”可知，空處應(yīng)是表示“兩者都不”。故選C。
3. China’s first Mars rover, Zhurong, touched down on the Red Planet _______ May 15, 2021.
A. on B. in C. at D. to
【答案】A
【】
【詳解】句意：中國首個(gè)火星探測器“祝融”于2021年5月15日在火星上著陸。
考查介詞辨析。on其后加星期或具體的時(shí)間；in其后加早中晚/季節(jié)/月份/年份等；at其后加時(shí)間點(diǎn)等；to到。根據(jù)“May 15, 2021”可知，是具體的某一天，故選A。
4. I can’t believe you made the life—like cat out of paper. How _______ you are!
A. loyal B. creative C. helpful D. organized
【答案】B
【】
【詳解】句意：真不敢相信你用紙做了一只栩栩如生的貓。你多么有創(chuàng)造力呀！
考查形容詞辨析。loyal忠誠的；creative有創(chuàng)造力的；helpful有幫助的；organized有組織的。根據(jù)“I can’t believe you made the life—like cat out of paper”可知，感嘆對方很有創(chuàng)造力，故選B。
5. —________ do you play basketball with your friends?
— Only once a week.
A. How long B. How much C. How soon D. How often
【答案】D
【】
【分析】
【詳解】句意：——你多久和你的朋友打一次籃球？——一周一次。
考查特殊疑問句。how long多久，多長；how much多少；how soon多久以后；how often多久一次。根據(jù)回答“Only once a week.”可知，此處是問頻率，應(yīng)該用how often提問。故選D。
6. —Have you watched the film Gulliver’s Travels?
—Yes, I ________ it during the Spring Festival. What about you?
A. watch B. watched C. will watch D. have watched
【答案】B
【】
【詳解】句意：——你看過《格列佛游記》這部電影嗎？——看過，我在春節(jié)期間看的。你呢？
考查一般過去時(shí)。根據(jù)“during the Spring Festival”可知，動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，用一般過去時(shí)，故選B。
7. We ________ see which way to go if the stars do not twinkle（閃耀）so.
A. can not B. should not C. must not D. need not
【答案】A
【】
【分析】
【詳解】句意：如果星星不這樣閃爍，我們就不能看見往哪個(gè)方向走。
考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。can not不能；should not不應(yīng)該；must not不必、不允許；need not不需要。根據(jù)“if the stars do not twinkle（閃耀）so.”結(jié)合“We … see which way to go”，可知如果星星不這樣閃爍，我們就不能看見往哪個(gè)方向走，因此用can not“不能”，故選A。
8. — How did you come to Baoying?
— By high-speed rail. It ________ me only 28 minutes to get here.
A. spent B. paid C. lost D. took
【答案】D
【】
【詳解】句意：——你是怎么來寶應(yīng)的？——坐高鐵。只花了我28分鐘就到了這里。
考查動(dòng)詞辨析。spent花費(fèi)，主語是人；paid付款，主語是人；lost失去；took花費(fèi)，主語是it或物。根據(jù)“It…me only 28 minutes to get here.”可知，此處是“it takes/took sb+時(shí)間+to do sth”句型，故選D。
9. In many countries, people put their fingers up to their mouths ________ silence.
A. ask for B. asking for C. to ask for D. asked for
【答案】C
【】
【詳解】句意：在許多國家，人們把手指放在嘴里要求安靜。
考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析“people put their fingers up to their mouths…silence”可知，此處表示目的，用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語，故選C。
10. — We can always find something good in a bad ________ if we look for it.
— It’s so true. Let’s make full use of what comes.
A. situation B. direction C. instruction D. competition
【答案】A
【】
【詳解】句意：——如果我們?nèi)ふ?，總能在逆境中找到好的東西?！珜α?。讓我們充分利用所得到的。
考查名詞辨析。situation情況；direction方向；instruction指導(dǎo)；competition比賽。根據(jù)“We can always find something good in a bad…”可知，此處指“在不好的情況下/在逆境中”，故選A。
11. He said that he would pass the exam and this ________ to be true.
A. turned out B. put out C. broke out D. tried out
【答案】A
【】
【詳解】句意：他說他會通過考試，結(jié)果果真如此。
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。turned out結(jié)果是；put out撲滅；broke out爆發(fā)；tried out試驗(yàn)。根據(jù)“He said that he would pass the exam and this…to be true.”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，故選A。
12. ________ we always wait for another day, fruitlessly our life will pass away.
A. Until B. If C. Although D. Whether
【答案】B
【】
【分析】
【詳解】句意：如果我們總是等待另一天，我們的生命將徒勞地逝去。
考查連詞辨析。Until直到……；If如果；Although雖然；Whether是否。分析前后句句意，前句是后句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的條件，故空處連詞應(yīng)用if，如果。故選B。
13. — Do we have to read anything next week, Mr Wu?
— Sure, You ________ to read Black Beauty from pages 58 to 85.
A. were expected B. will expect C. are expecting D. are expected
【答案】D
【】
【分析】
【詳解】句意：——吳老師，下周我們一定要讀一些什么嗎?——當(dāng)然，你們要讀《黑駿馬》從58頁到85頁。
考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。根據(jù)上文“Do we have to read anything next week, Mr Wu?”結(jié)合“Sure, You … to read Black Beauty from pages 58 to 85.”可知主語和謂語動(dòng)詞expect之間存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，句子時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因此用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，即be+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞，主語是you，be動(dòng)詞用are，expect的過去分詞是expected，故選D。
14. —By the way, could you tell us ________?
—From the Internet.
A. why are you interested in our company
B. why you are interested in our company
C. where did you hear about our company
D. where you heard about our company
【答案】D
【】
【詳解】句意：——順便問一下，你能告訴我們你是在哪里聽說我們公司的嗎？——從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。
考查賓語從句。此處是賓語從句，用陳述語序，排除AC；根據(jù)答語“From the Internet.”可知，強(qiáng)調(diào)出處，故選D。
15. — Are your parents against your leaving home to work in Shanghai?
—________. They say there are more chances in big cities.
A. Don’t mention it B. Of course not C. That’s all right D. With pleasure
【答案】B
【】
【詳解】句意：——你的父母反對你離開家到上海工作嗎？——當(dāng)然不。他們說在大城市有更多的機(jī)會。
考查情景交際。Don’t mention it不客氣；Of course not當(dāng)然不；That’s all right沒關(guān)系；With pleasure樂意效勞。根據(jù)“They say there are more chances in big cities.”可知，父母不反對，故選B。
二、完形填空（共 15 小題;每小題1分, 計(jì) 15 分）
閱讀下面短文，從文后各題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案。
One Saturday afternoon, Amy found Meg and Jo getting well dressed. They were going to the theater with Laurie. She wanted to come.
“I can’t take you, dear, because you aren’t ___16___,” began Meg, but Jo cut in ___17___ “You can’t go, Amy. Laurie invited only Meg and me.” Amy cried, “You’ll be ___18___ this, Jo March.”
While Jo and Meg were at the theater, Amy ___19___ Jo’s book of writings. Jo’s loving work of several years was gone in the fire.
That night, Mother asked Jo to forgive（原諒）her sister, but Jo ___20___.
The next day, Jo went to the river with Laurie to skate on the ice. Amy followed them. Jo saw her coming and turned her back. But Laurie did not ___21___ Amy. He warned Jo to stay away from the middle of the river. The ice there was ___22___. Jo heard him, but Amy did not.
Something turned Jo round. She happened to see Amy throw up her hands and go down, with a scaring cry. The ice ___23___. Jo tried to call Laurie, but her ___24___ was gone. She tried to rush forward, but her feet seemed to have no ___25___ in them. Laurie’s voice cried out, “Bring a rail（橫桿）, Jo. Quick, quick!”
She never knew ___26___ she did it, but for the next few minutes she worked, blindly obeying Laurie. Together they got the child out. Amy was more scared than ___27___.
When Mother had put Amy to bed, Jo whispered, “Are you sure she is ___28___ . Quite safe, dear. She is not hurt, and won’t even catch cold,” replied her mother cheerfully.
“Mother, I had kept my anger ___29___ it grew so strong. Today, without ___30___, it might have been too late. Oh, Mother, what shall I do?”
“Anger can make us do very bad things to people we love. We must learn to control our anger,” said Mrs March.
Jo looked at Amy in her bed and gave her a big kiss.
—Taken from Little Women
16. A. invited B. hired C. trained D. interviewed
17. A. curiously B. politely C. impatiently D. uncertainly
18. A. tired of B. confident of C. famous for D. sorry for
19. A. burned up B. got up C. put up D. set up
20. A. regretted B. refused C. agreed D. cheered
21. A. hold B. hear C. treat D. see
22. A. thin B. strong C. dirty D. narrow
23. A. broke B. froze C. shook D. gathered
24. A. sound B. pronunciation C. voice D. courage
25. A. energy B. strength C. challenge D. noise
26. A. whatever B. when C. where D. how
27. A. worried B. hurt C. trapped D. bored
28. A. asleep B. alive C. safe D. generous
29. A. after B. unless C. because D. till
30. A. Amy B. Meg C. Laurie D. you
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. B 21. D 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. C
【】
【分析】本文節(jié)選自《小婦人》，講述姐妹之間發(fā)生的故事。
【16題詳解】
句意：我不能帶你去，親愛的，因?yàn)槟銢]被邀請。
invited邀請；hired雇傭；trained訓(xùn)練；interviewed采訪。根據(jù)“Laurie invited only Meg and me.”可知，Amy沒有被邀請，故選A。
【17題詳解】
句意：可Jo不耐煩地打斷了她。
curiously好奇地；politely禮貌地；impatiently不耐心地；uncertainly不確定地。根據(jù)“You can’t go, Amy.”可知，Jo很不耐煩，故選C。
【18題詳解】
句意：你會后悔的，Jo March。
tired of厭煩；confident of自信；famous for出名；sorry for抱歉，后悔。根據(jù)“Amy cried”和“Jo’s loving work of several years was gone in the fire.”可知，Amy威脅Jo，并且燒掉了Jo的書，“后悔”符合語境，故選D。
【19題詳解】
句意：當(dāng)Jo和Meg去劇院時(shí)，Amy把Jo的著作燒掉了。
burned up燒掉；got up起床；put up張貼；set up設(shè)立。根據(jù)“Jo’s loving work of several years was gone in the fire.”可知，是燒掉了，故選A。
【20題詳解】
句意：那天晚上，母親請求Jo原諒她妹妹，可Jo拒絕了。
regretted后悔；refused拒絕；agreed同意；cheered歡呼。根據(jù)“but”可知，前后句意出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折，“拒絕”符合語境，故選B。
【21題詳解】
句意：可是Laurie沒有看見Amy。
hold舉辦；hear聽見；treat對待；see看見。根據(jù)“Jo saw her coming and turned her back. But Laurie did not…Amy.”可知，Jo看見了Amy，但是Laurie卻沒看見，故選D。
【22題詳解】
句意：那里的冰很薄。
thin瘦的；strong強(qiáng)壯的；dirty臟的；narrow狹窄的。根據(jù)“He warned Jo to stay away from the middle of the river.”可知，Laurie警告Jo不要到河中央去，因?yàn)楸鼙。蔬xA。
【23題詳解】
句意：冰破了。
broke打破；froze冷凍；shook搖動(dòng)；gathered聚集。根據(jù)“She happened to see Amy throw up her hands and go down, with a scaring cry.”可知，Amy掉了下去，所以冰破了，故選A。
【24題詳解】
句意：Jo想叫Laurie，可她的聲音聽不見了。
sound聲音；pronunciation發(fā)音；voice嗓音；courage勇氣。根據(jù)“Jo tried to call Laurie, but her…was gone.”可知，Jo想叫但是發(fā)出的聲音聽不到了，人的聲音是嗓音，故選C。
【25題詳解】
句意：她試圖向前沖去，但她的腳似乎沒有了力量。
energy能量；strength力量；challenge挑戰(zhàn)；noise噪音。根據(jù)“She tried to rush forward, but her feet seemed to have no…in them.”可知，她的腳沒了力氣，沒辦法向前沖，故選B。
【26題詳解】
句意：她不知道自己是怎么做到的，但接下來的幾分鐘里，她盲目地服從Laurie。
whatever無論什么；when何時(shí)；where哪里；how如何。分析“She never knew…she did it”可知，本句不缺成分，強(qiáng)調(diào)方式，故選D。
【27題詳解】
句意：跟受傷相比，Amy更害怕。
worried擔(dān)心的；hurt受傷的；trapped困住的；bored無聊的。根據(jù)“She is not hurt, and won’t even catch cold”可知，她沒受傷，只是很害怕，故選B。
【28題詳解】
句意：你確定她安全嗎？
asleep睡著的；alive活著的；safe安全的；generous慷慨的。根據(jù)“Quite safe”可知，是安全的，故選C。
【29題詳解】
句意：媽媽，我一直把我的怒氣壓得很厲害。
after在……之后；unless除非；because因?yàn)?；till直到。分析“I had kept my anger…it grew so strong.”可知，此處表示“一直把怒氣壓得很厲害”，用till引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，故選D。
【30題詳解】
句意：今天，沒有Laurie，一切可能都太遲了。
Amy艾米；Meg梅格；Laurie勞里；you你。根據(jù)前文描述可知，多虧了Laurie，不然可能會有生命危險(xiǎn)，故選C。
三、閱讀理解（共 15 小題;每小題2分, 計(jì) 30 分）
閱讀下列內(nèi)容, 從每小題所給的A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案。
A
Is it possible to have a diet（日常飲食）that’s both healthy and friendly to our planet? Here are answers to your eco-friendly food questions.
Does what I eat influence climate（氣候）change?
Yes. The world’s food system is responsible for（為……負(fù)責(zé)）about one quarter of the planet—warming greenhouse gases that humans produce each year. That includes raising and harvesting all the plants, animals, and animal products we eat, as well as processing, packaging, and shipping food to markets all over the world.
Which foods have the largest influence?
In general, beef and lamb have the biggest climate footprint per gram of protein while plant—based foods like beans, rice, corn and wheat have the smallest influence. Pork, chicken, eggs are somewhere in the middle.
Is there a simple food choice I can make?
Studies have shown that people who eat a meat—heavy diet can reduce their food—related footprint by one third or more by moving to a vegan diet — no meat, dairy（乳制品）, or eggs. If you don’t want to go that far, just eat less meat.
Can I really make a difference to our planet?
We need more food to feed the world’s growing population. One person alone can make only a tiny difference. If many people make changes to their diets, that will start to add up. It will make a greater difference if the world’s heaviest meat eaters make some changes to their diets.
31. According to the passage, which foods have the smallest influence on our planet?
A. Beef and lamb. B. Rice and corn. C. Chicken and pork. D. Beans and beef.
32. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. One person alone makes no difference to our planet.
B. Shipping food a lover the world has no influence on climate change.
C. All the planet—warming greenhouse gases come from the food system.
D. Meat eaters can reduce their food—related footprint by eating less meat.
33. What is the best title for the passage?
A. How to produce more meat B. How to make more plant—based foods
C. How to eat better for the planet D. How to ask eco—friendly food questions
【答案】31. B 32. D 33. C
【】
【分析】本文是圍繞環(huán)保食品的四個(gè)問題進(jìn)行了解答，分別是：吃什么會影響氣候變化；哪些食物影響最大；能做出簡單的食物選擇嗎；真的能改變我們的星球嗎。
【31題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“plant—based foods like beans, rice, corn and wheat have the smallest influence”可知，豆類、大米、玉米和小麥等植物性食品的影響最小，故選B。
【32題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)“heavy diet can reduce their food—related footprint by one third or more by moving to a vegan diet — no meat, dairy（乳制品）, or eggs. If you don’t want to go that far, just eat less meat”可知，肉食者可以通過少吃肉來減少與食物相關(guān)的碳足跡，所以D表述正確，故選D。
【33題詳解】
最佳標(biāo)題。根據(jù)“Is it possible to have a diet（日常飲食）that’s both healthy and friendly to our planet? Here are answers to your eco-friendly food questions”可知，本文主要通過回答四個(gè)環(huán)保食品的問題來告訴大家如何為地球吃得更好，故選C。
B

Roberta, Peter and Phyllis lived in a large house in London. Father worked hard in a government office. He was never angry and always ready for a game. Mother was almost at home, ready to play with the children, and read to them, and help them do their home—lessons.
These three lucky children always had everything they needed: pretty clothes, good fires, a lovely playroom and a dog called James. They had a happy life, but they did not know how happy till the pretty life in the large house was over.
Peter had a toy engine and it broke. After dinner, Peter showed Father the engine. Father looked it over and promised to do it on Saturday.
At that moment two men came to see Father. Minutes passed. Father’s voice came out from the study, loud and angry.
More time passed. Then Mother came in and said, “Father’s been called away— on business.”
A week after their father went away, their mother said, “Now, we’re going to move to the country. A pretty little white house, called Three Chimneys. ”
The family started packing: clothes, plates, candles and also tables and chairs. “We seem to be taking all the ugly things,” said Roberta.
“We’re taking the useful ones,” said Mother. “We’ve got to play at being poor for a bit.”
Peter said joyously, “I do like moving! I wish we moved once a month.” Mother laughed and said, “I don’t like moving!”
As she turned away, Roberta saw her face. She never forgot it.
“Oh, Mother,” she whispered, “how I love you! You are brave enough to laugh when you’re feeling like that! ”
Then they took a train to Three Chimneys. No one knew how long they had been in the train when Mother woke them up.
They stood in the cold night air on the dark platform. At that moment they didn’t know how important the station and the trains would become to them. They didn’t know they were going to be the railway children.
— Taken from The Railway Children
34. The family packed things like plates and candles because Mother thought they were ________.
A. useful B. new C. expensive D. beautiful
35. Which of the following questions is answered in this passage?
A. How did Peter’s toy engine break?
B. When would the children’s father be home?
C. What was the family like before Father was away?
D. What was the family’s life like in Three Chimneys?
36. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. Phyllis wanted to move a house once a month.
B. Father said goodbye to the children when he left.
C. Mother wanted to leave London and move to the country
D. Mother was brave enough to laugh when she was feeling sad.
37. What can we infer（推斷）from the underlined sentences in the last paragraph?
A. The children don’t like their life in London.
B. The station has nothing to do with the family’s future life.
C. Something is going to happen to the children later in the story.
D. Parents can better deal with life changes than their children.
【答案】34. A 35. C 36. D 37. C
【】
【分析】文章大意：本文節(jié)選自《鐵路少年》，講述了三個(gè)幸運(yùn)的孩子在爸爸被捕前過著幸福的生活，爸爸被捕后，媽媽帶著他們被迫搬到鐵路附近鄉(xiāng)下的故事。
【34題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)““We’re taking the useful ones,” said Mother.”可知，媽媽認(rèn)為它們是有用的，故選A。
【35題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Father worked hard in a government office. He was never angry and always ready for a game. Mother was almost at home, ready to play with the children, and read to them, and help them do their home—lessons.”父親在政府部門辛勤工作。他從不生氣，總是準(zhǔn)備好玩游戲。媽媽快到家了，準(zhǔn)備和孩子們一起玩，念書給他們聽，幫他們做家庭功課。以及“These three lucky children always had everything they needed: pretty clothes, good fires, a lovely playroom and a dog called James. They had a happy life,…”這三個(gè)幸運(yùn)的孩子總是有他們需要的一切：漂亮的衣服，溫暖的爐火，一個(gè)可愛的游戲室和一只叫詹姆斯的狗。他們過著幸福的生活，……?？芍恼轮忻枋隽嗽诎职蛛x開之前，家里是什么樣的，故選C。
【36題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)“"Oh, Mother, "she whispered, "how I love you! You are brave enough to laugh when you’re feeling like that!" “啊，媽媽，”她低聲說，“我多么愛你！當(dāng)你有這種感覺的時(shí)候，你有足夠的勇氣笑出來!””可以推知，媽媽很勇敢，當(dāng)她難過的時(shí)候她還能保持微笑，故選D。
【37題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，爸爸被捕后，媽媽帶著他們搬到了鐵路附近的鄉(xiāng)下，結(jié)合“At that moment they didn’t know how important the station and the trains would become to them. They didn’t know they were going to be the railway children.在那一刻，他們根本不知道車站和火車對他們會有多么重要。他們不知道他們將成為鐵路兒童?！笨梢酝浦?，在這個(gè)故事中，孩子們將會發(fā)生一些事情。故選C。
C
As a mountain, 1,642-foot Squaw Peak isn’t that impressive. But its views attract many hikers（遠(yuǎn)足者）. Henry Grant, a college student at Ithaca College, was one of them.
While waiting for his mother one day in August, 2019, Grant watched other hikers enjoy the view. One hiker, dressed in pink, was looking over the lip of the cliff（懸崖）with her husband.
When Grant’s mother rejoined him, the two continued on their way. Suddenly, he heard something scaring: “Paula! Paula!” a man shouted crazily. Grant turned around quickly. ________
Several hikers immediately started looking for her, but their view was screened by trees. Uncertain they could help, Grant and his mother headed down the trail. But when he saw some hikers still searching, he decided to lend a hand. After promising his mother that he would be safe, he went on alone.
After 15 minutes of climbing over large rocks, pushing past bushes, and slipping（滑） down loose earth, Grant found a pink figure. The woman had fallen about 75 feet. Luckily, she was alive.
“Paula! Paula!” Grant shouted. The woman didn’t reply. She was badly hurt. Grant called the police to report her location. She kept trying to move, and every time she moved, she slipped a little more. Afraid that in her unclear state of mind she might fall off the rock to her death, Grant climbed on all fours up a tight, narrow path by digging into the earth with his fingers and feet until he reached Paula.
Paula was moaning, almost senseless. Grant gently put her hand in his, trying to keep her mind off the pain by keeping asking her questions: “Where are you from? Do you have kids?” Soon, they were joined on their perch（歇腳處）by another hiker named Simon.
About 45 minutes later, first rescuers（救援者）arrived. Paula and her husband were flown to a hospital. Five hours after the woman in pink had fallen, Grant was back on top of Squaw Peak.
38. Which sentence should go in the empty line in Paragraph 3?
A. He ran as fast as possible to save Paula.
B. His mother turned around at the same time.
C. The woman in pink was nowhere to be seen.
D. Other hikers were scared by the terrible shout.
39. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Grant had no difficulty in reaching Paula.
B. Simon and Grant’s mother joined in saving Paula.
C. Paula and her husband were both badly wounded and saved.
D. Grant asked Paula questions to keep her mind off the pain.
40. The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 7 refers to（指的是）________.
A. first rescuers B. Paula and Grant
C. Grant and his mother D. Paula and her husband
41. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. How a woman fell 75 feet from a mountain cliff.
B. How a young man tried his best to save a stranger.
C. How a woman managed to survive a terrible accident.
D. How a young man made a decision in face of danger.
【答案】38. C 39. D 40. B 41. B
【】
【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，向我們介紹Grant盡力拯救陌生人的故事。
【38題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)“One hiker, dressed in pink, was looking over the lip of the cliff（懸崖）with her husband.”和“Several hikers immediately started looking for her”可推知，此處應(yīng)該是描述穿粉色衣服的女士的狀況，“那個(gè)穿粉紅色衣服的女人不見了”符合語境，故選C。
39題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Paula was moaning, almost senseless. Grant gently put her hand in his, trying to keep her mind off the pain by keeping asking her questions”可知，Grant不停地問她問題，試圖讓她忘記痛苦。故選D。
【40題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Paula was moaning, almost senseless. Grant gently put her hand in his, trying to keep her mind off the pain by keeping asking her questions”可知，Paula呻吟著，幾乎失去了知覺；Grant輕輕地把她的手放在自己的手里，不停地問她問題，試圖讓她忘記痛苦。此處they指的是Paula和Grant，故選B。
【41題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，本文向我們介紹Grant盡力拯救陌生人的故事。故選B。
D
Ever wondered why your virtual（虛擬的）home helper doesn't understand your questions? Or why your navigation app took you on the side street instead of the highway? In a study published April 21st in the journal iScience, Italian researchers, Arianna Pipitone and Antonio Chella, designed a robot that “thinks out loud”.
To explore how inner speech might influence a robot’s actions, the researchers built a robot called Pepper that speaks to itself. It has the ability to reason and think. They then asked people to set the dinner table with Pepper according to etiquette（禮儀）rules. In one experiment, the user asked Pepper to lay the napkin at the wrong place, going against the rules. Pepper started asking itself a series of self-directed questions and concluded that the user might be mistaken. To be sure, Pepper confirmed the user’s order, which led to further inner speech.
“Ehm, this situation troubles me. I would never break the rules, but I can’t make the user unhappy, so I’m doing what he wants,” Pepper said to itself, laying the napkin where it was required to be. Through Pepper’s inner voice, the user can learn Pepper was facing a difficult situation and solved it by prioritizing the user’s order.
Comparing Pepper’s actions with and without inner speech, Pipitone and Chella discovered the robot had a higher task-completion rate when having self-dialogue.
However, some people find the robot spends more time completing tasks when it talks to itself. The robot’s inner speech is also limited to the knowledge that researchers gave it. Pepper’s designers still say their work provides a framework（構(gòu)架）to further explore how self-dialogue can help robots focus, plan, and learn. “In some ways, we are creating a generational（世代的）robot that likes to chat. From navigation apps and the camera on your phone to medical robots in the operation rooms, machines and computers alike can take advantage of this chatty feature,” says Chella.
42. Why does the writer ask two questions at the very beginning of the passage?
A. To draw the reader’s attention to the topic.
B. To show the writer likes electronic products
C. To tell the reader about the history of robots.
D. To prove the writer often faces trouble in life.
43. Why was Pepper asked to lay the napkin at the wrong place?
A. To see how much time Pepper spent laying the napkin.
B. To confirm how popular Pepper was among its users.
C. To test how many etiquette rules Pepper remembered
D. To study how self-dialogue might influence Pepper’s actions.
44. What does the underlined word “prioritizing” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. repeating B. dealing with… first C. going against D. complaining about
45. What can we infer from the passage?
A. The designers are proud of their work about Pepper.
B. Pepper has already been in use in the operation rooms.
C. Pepper’s inner speech depends on its user’s communication skills.
D. With or without inner speech, Pepper could complete a task equally well.
【答案】42. A 43. D 44. B 45. A
【】
【分析】本文是一篇說明文，向我們介紹意大利研究人員Arianna Pipitone和Antonio Chella設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)能“自言自語”的機(jī)器人。
【42題詳解】
推理判斷題。作者開篇提出問題，是為了引起讀者注意，吸引讀者興趣，故選A。
【43題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“To explore how inner speech might influence a robot’s actions, the researchers built a robot called Pepper that speaks to itself… In one experiment, the user asked Pepper to lay the napkin at the wrong place, going against the rules.”可知，Pepper被要求把餐巾放在錯(cuò)誤的地方是為了研究自我對話如何影響Pepper的行為。故選D。
【44題詳解】
詞句猜測題。分析“Through Pepper’s inner voice, the user can learn Pepper was facing a difficult situation and solved it by prioritizing the user’s order.”可知，通過Pepper的內(nèi)心聲音，用戶可以了解到Pepper正面臨著一個(gè)困難的情況，并通過優(yōu)先考慮用戶的要求來解決它。此處prioritizing的意思是“優(yōu)先考慮、處理”，故選B。
【45題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，通過對Pepper的研究，后續(xù)可能會將此類機(jī)器人應(yīng)用到更廣泛的領(lǐng)域，所以推測設(shè)計(jì)師們對他們的作品感到自豪。故選A。
四、詞匯運(yùn)用（共 10 小題;每小題1分, 計(jì)10 分）
根據(jù)句子意思, 用括號中所給漢語提示或英語單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。在答題卡標(biāo)有題號的橫線上, 寫出空缺處所填單詞的正確形式。（每空一詞）
46. My parents and I had a _______ journey to Hainan. (wonder)
【答案】wonderful
【】
【詳解】句意：我和父母去海南的旅行很愉快。此處作定語修飾journey，用wonder的形容詞形式，故填wonderful。
47. The wallpaper with cartoon patterns is ideal for my ______ room. (son).
【答案】son’s
【】
【分析】
【詳解】句意：帶有卡通圖案的壁紙很適合我兒子的房間。son“兒子”，名詞，設(shè)空處修飾后面的名詞room，因此應(yīng)用其所有格形式，故填son’s。
48. The next morning he got up ______ than before to practise football. (early) .
【答案】earlier
【】
【詳解】句意：第二天早上，他比平時(shí)起得更早去練習(xí)踢足球。根據(jù)“than”可知，此處應(yīng)用副詞比較級修飾動(dòng)詞，故填earlier。
49. For a long time in history, people depended _______ on horses to trade goods. (great)
【答案】greatly
【】
【詳解】句意：在很長一段時(shí)間的歷史上，人們很大程度上依賴馬來進(jìn)行貨物貿(mào)易。此處在句中修飾動(dòng)詞depend，用副詞形式，故填greatly。
50. Zhang Ruoxu, a Tang Dynasty poet, is widely _______ for his poem A Moonlit Night on the Spring River. (know)
【答案】known
【】
【詳解】句意：唐代詩人張若虛以《春江花月夜》聞名于世。be known for以……而聞名，用形容詞作表語，故填known。
51. Jack enjoys _______ and sunbathing with his friends. （游泳）
【答案】swimming
【】
【詳解】句意：Jack喜歡和朋友一起游泳和日光浴。根據(jù)中文提示，swim表示“游泳”，enjoy doing sth“喜歡做某事”，動(dòng)名詞作賓語，故填swimming。
52. I promised Li Ming I would keep the secret to _______. （我自己）
【答案】myself
【】
【詳解】句意：我答應(yīng)李明要保守秘密。keep the secret to oneself保守秘密，myself我自己，反身代詞，故填myself。
53. So far, China has built nearly 600,000 cultural centers in ______. （村莊）
【答案】villages
【】
【詳解】句意：迄今為止，中國已在農(nóng)村建設(shè)了近60萬個(gè)文化館。village村莊，此處表示復(fù)數(shù)含義，使用名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填villages。
54. I’m not sure how I feel about that, with my ______ birthday coming. （第十八）
【答案】eighteenth
【】
【詳解】句意：隨著我18歲生日的臨近，我不知道我對此有什么感覺。eighteenth第十八，序數(shù)詞作定語修飾birthday，表示順序，故填eighteenth。
55. There is a low brick wall _______ the garden and the field beyond.（在……之間）
【答案】between
【】
【分析】
【詳解】句意：在花園和田野之間有一堵低矮的磚墻。在……之間（兩者）：between，介詞。故填between。
五、任務(wù)型閱讀（共10 空; 每空1分, 計(jì) 10 分）
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文中的信息完成文后表格。在答題卡標(biāo)有題號的橫線上，寫出空缺處所填單詞的正確形式。（每空一詞）

Reading is fun! You can also analyze texts（文本）to learn more from the texts and about the texts. One way you can do this with fiction books, passages, or poems is by exploring their themes.
A theme is a central idea running throughout the text, connecting the characters and events. The writer may express his or her thoughts about humanity or a worldview through a theme. Themes can be ideas like friendship, bravery, love, honesty or family. Make sure you know what the writer is saying.
Sometimes, themes are hard to find out. First, the theme may not be able to be included in just one word like the examples above. There may also be more than one theme in the text. What’s more, some themes are not presented in the words directly. You have to use clues in the texts to find them.
To start exploring the theme, first you need to make sure you’ve read the whole text. Since themes develop over time, you can’t fully understand the underlying themes until the end of the text. Then, ask yourself to sum up（概括）the text and try to work out a “big idea”. For example, did many characters resolve problems with their families? If there was only one small problem with a character’s family, then “family” might not be the theme of the text. Finally, after finding out a “big idea”, go through the text to find examples that support this idea. You needn’t repeat every detail of the story-a few key examples will be fine.
Now you are ready to explore the theme of a text!
Exploring the ___56___ of a text
Main points
Detailed information
___57___ is a theme?
● A theme is a ___58___idea that connects the characters and events.
● The ___59___ thoughts are possibly expressed through the theme.
Why is it ___60___to find the theme?
●You might not ___61___ the theme in just one word.
●There may also be more than one theme in the text.
● Some themes are not presented in a ___62___ way.
How can you explore the theme?
●Read the text till the ___63___ to fully understand the themes.
●Work out a “big idea” of the text by summing up the text.
●Find some key examples to ___64___ the “big idea”. It’s not ___65___ to repeat every detail.

【答案】56. theme
57. What 58. central
59. writer’s
60. hard##difficult
61. include
62. direct 63. end
64. support
65. necessary
【】
【分析】閱讀是有趣的，我們可以通過分析文本、探索主題來幫助閱讀。本文向我們介紹了探索主題的方法。
【56題詳解】
根據(jù)“To start exploring the theme”可知，是探索主題，故填theme。
【57題詳解】
根據(jù)“A theme is a central idea running throughout the text, connecting the characters and events.”可知，本欄主要敘述什么是主題，故填What。
【58題詳解】
根據(jù)“A theme is a central idea running throughout the text, connecting the characters and events.”可知，主題是貫穿全文的中心思想，故填central。
【59題詳解】
根據(jù)“The writer may express his or her thoughts about humanity or a worldview through a theme.”可知，作者可以通過一個(gè)主題來表達(dá)他對人性或世界觀的想法，即作者的想法，故填writer’s。
【60題詳解】
根據(jù)“Sometimes, themes are hard to find out.”可知，有時(shí)候，主題很難找到，故填hard/difficult。
【61題詳解】
根據(jù)“First, the theme may not be able to be included in just one word like the examples above.”可知，主題可能不能僅僅用一個(gè)詞來表達(dá)。故填include。
【62題詳解】
根據(jù)“What’s more, some themes are not presented in the words directly.”可知，有些主題并沒有直接呈現(xiàn)在文字中，作定語修飾way，用形容詞，故填direct。
【63題詳解】
根據(jù)“Since themes develop over time, you can’t fully understand the underlying themes until the end of the text.”可知，因?yàn)橹黝}是隨著時(shí)間發(fā)展的，直到文章的結(jié)尾你可能才完全理解潛在的主題。故填end。
【64題詳解】
根據(jù)“Finally, after finding out a ‘big idea’, go through the text to find examples that support this idea.”可知，要通過閱讀文本找到支持這個(gè)想法的例子，不定式to后跟動(dòng)詞原形，故填support。
【65題詳解】
根據(jù)“You needn’t repeat every detail of the story-a few key examples will be fine.”可知，你不需要重復(fù)故事的每一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)，即“沒有必要”，necessary必要的，在句中作表語，故填necessary。
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和首字母提示，在下文空格處填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~使短文完整。在答題卡標(biāo)有題號的橫線上，完整地寫出空缺處各單詞的正確形式。（每空一詞）
Chinese people started to build gardens more than 2,000 years ago. Chinese gardens are a special form of t___66___ Chinese culture and art.
At the entrance to a Chinese garden, there is usually a huge stone or wall to screen（擋?。﹜our view. This is to give you a pressed-in feeling, in order to later produce unexpected joy w ___67___ you turn around the hall to see the amazing rock formations（假山）and a big lake. The best e___68___ is the Summer Palace.
Rock formations play an i___69___ role in the design of a Chinese-style garden. Without them, a garden could not be considered a Chinese-style garden. They are as important to a Chinese-style garden as sculptures are to a European-style garden. Ge Garden in Yangzhou is famous for i___70___ Four Seasons Rockeries（假山花園）.
G___71___ in the south are mostly small in size. Chinese garden designers have used the method of “borrowing scenery with a mirror（鏡子）” to create a sense of s___72___. A mirror is hung opposite a window to take in the outside scenery. A fine example of this is Pian Shi Shan Fang, a rockery in He Garden, Yangzhou. A big mirror is built into the wall of its west corridor. The whole garden will be s___73___ in the mirror wherever the visitors are. A pool or a lake in a garden a___74___ serves this purpose. A pool runs from south to north through the garden of Pian Shi Shan Fang. East of the rockery, a man-made moon is reflected（倒映）in the p___75___.
Whatever methods used, every effort is made to achieve the purpose of giving visitors a sense of space in the garden.
【答案】66. (t)raditional
67. (w)hen 68. (e)xample
69. (i)mportant
70. (i)ts 71. (G)ardens
72. (s)pace
73. (s)een 74. (a)lso
75. (p)ool
【】
【分析】本文是一篇說明文，向我們介紹中國園林的特點(diǎn)和風(fēng)格。
【66題詳解】
句意：中國園林是中國傳統(tǒng)文化和藝術(shù)的一種特殊形式。根據(jù)“Chinese gardens are a special form of t…Chinese culture and art.”和常識可知，“傳統(tǒng)的”符合語境，作定語修飾Chinese culture and art，故填(t)raditional。
【67題詳解】
句意：這是為了給你一種緊張的感覺，以便之后當(dāng)你轉(zhuǎn)過大廳看到驚人的巖層和一個(gè)大湖時(shí)產(chǎn)生意想不到的喜悅。分析“This is to give you a pressed-in feeling, in order to later produce unexpected joy w…you turn around the hall to see the amazing rock formations（假山）and a big lake.”可知，“當(dāng)……時(shí)”符合語境，用when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，故填(w)hen。
【68題詳解】
句意：最好的例子就是頤和園。分析“The best e…is the Summer Palace.”可知，“例子”符合語境，此前有the best修飾，使用名詞單數(shù)，故填(e)xample。
【69題詳解】
句意：巖層在中式園林的設(shè)計(jì)中起著重要的作用。分析“Rock formations play an i… role in the design of a Chinese-style garden.”可知，“重要的”符合語境，play an important role“起到重要作用”，故填(i)mportant。
【70題詳解】
句意：揚(yáng)州個(gè)園以四季假山而聞名。分析“Ge Garden in Yangzhou is famous for i…Four Seasons Rockeries（假山花園）.”可知，此處指“Ge Garden”，用it代替，作定語修飾“Four Seasons Rockeries”，用形容詞性物主代詞形式，故填(i)ts。
【71題詳解】
句意：南方的花園大多是小的。根據(jù)“G…in the south are mostly small in size.”和全文描述可知，“花園”符合語境，根據(jù)“are”可知，應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填(G)ardens。
【72題詳解】
句意：中國園林設(shè)計(jì)師采用“借鏡取景”的方法來營造一種空間感。分析“Chinese garden designers have used the method of ‘borrowing scenery with a mirror（鏡子）’ to create a sense of s…”可知，是營造空間感，a sense of space“一種空間感”，故填(s)pace。
【73題詳解】
句意：無論游客在哪里，整個(gè)花園都能映入鏡子。根據(jù)“The whole garden will be s…in the mirror wherever the visitors are.”可知，“看到”符合語境，主語是動(dòng)作的承受者，用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，will be done一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故填(s)een。
【74題詳解】
句意：花園里的水池或湖泊也可以起到這個(gè)作用。根據(jù)前文和“A pool or a lake in a garden a…serves this purpose.”可知，此處表示“也”，用于句中，故填(a)lso。
【75題詳解】
句意：在假山的東面，有一個(gè)人造的月亮映在水池里。根據(jù)前文“A pool or a lake in a garden a…serves this purpose.”可知，“池塘”符合語境，根據(jù)“a man-made moon is reflected（倒映）in the p…”可知，此處特指表單數(shù)，故填(p)ool。
七、書面表達(dá)（計(jì) 30 分）
A. 句子翻譯（共5小題;每小題2 分, 計(jì) 10 分）
將下列句子譯成英語, 并將所譯句子寫在答題卡標(biāo)有題號的橫線上。
76. 昨晚七點(diǎn)到八點(diǎn)他們在看電視。
【答案】They were watching TV from seven to eight last night.
【】
【詳解】昨晚七點(diǎn)到八點(diǎn)from seven to eight last night；他們they；看電視watch TV。根據(jù)句意，強(qiáng)調(diào)在過去的某個(gè)時(shí)間段正在做某事，用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，故填They were watching TV from seven to eight last night.
77. Tom買不起那把小提琴，因?yàn)樘F了。
【答案】Tom can’t afford the violin because it’s too expensive.
【】
【詳解】買不起那把小提琴can’t afford the violin；因?yàn)閎ecause，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句；太貴了it’s too expensive，用it指代the violin。根據(jù)句意，時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填Tom can’t afford the violin because it’s too expensive.
78. 你認(rèn)為騎自行車是很好的運(yùn)動(dòng)方式嗎？
【答案】Do you think cycling is a good way to exercise?
【】
【詳解】根據(jù)句意可知是含賓語從句的一般疑問句，且時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。認(rèn)為think；你you，前加do構(gòu)成一般疑問句；騎自行車cycling，動(dòng)名詞作從句主語，其后用be動(dòng)詞is表示“是”；很好的運(yùn)動(dòng)方式a good way to exercise。故填Do you think cycling is a good way to exercise?
79. 我們很開心地得知您對我們的服務(wù)很滿意。
【答案】We are pleased to learn that you are satisfied with our service.
【】
【詳解】很開心地得知be pleased to learn…；對……很滿意be satisfied with…；我們的服務(wù)our service。根據(jù)句意，本句時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填We are pleased to learn that you are satisfied with our service.
80. 我夢想有一個(gè)長假，以便能有更多的時(shí)間去旅行。
___________________________________________________________
【答案】I dream of having a long vacation so that I can have more time to travel.
【】
【詳解】夢想做某事dream of doing sth；有一個(gè)長假have a long vacation；以便so that，引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句；能有更多的時(shí)間去旅行can have more time to travel。根據(jù)句意，時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填I(lǐng) dream of having a long vacation so that I can have more time to travel.
B. 寫作（計(jì) 20分）
81. 某英文報(bào)正在舉行“家鄉(xiāng)美”為主題的征文活動(dòng)，你打算以“Spring in my hometown”為題寫一篇英語短文投稿，請根據(jù)以下問題提示完成征文。
提示：
(1) What is spring like in your hometown?
(2) What do people in your hometown usually do in spring? (three points)
(3) How do you like your hometown in spring? (two points)
要求：
（1）表達(dá)清楚，語法正確，上下文連貫；
（2）必須包括提示中的所有信息，并適當(dāng)發(fā)揮；
（3）詞數(shù)：100 詞左右；
（4）不得使用真實(shí)姓名、校名和地名等。
Spring in my hometown
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
Spring in my hometown
When spring comes, everything comes back to life and the climate becomes warm. People feel more comfortable than in winter. The mountains which are very high in my hometown become more and more green. Most flowers blossom as the weather becomes warm. All of these scenes draw a beautiful picture.
People begin to climb mountains, have a picnic near rivers. They also fly kites in the parks. They try their best to be close to nature and enjoy the beauty of it. Famers start to sow and wait for a good harvest.
As far as I am concerned, spring in my hometown is full of life and power. It gives us energy and hope. I love the spring in my hometown.
【】
分析】
【詳解】1.題干解讀：本文是一篇材料作文。要求以“Spring in my hometown”為題，結(jié)合提示內(nèi)容進(jìn)行寫作，介紹家鄉(xiāng)的春天，注意要點(diǎn)齊全，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。
2.寫作指導(dǎo)：寫作時(shí)要以第一和第三人稱來介紹，時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。作文可分為三段，第一段介紹家鄉(xiāng)的春天是什么樣子的；第二段介紹家鄉(xiāng)的人在春天通常做什么；第三段介紹自己對家鄉(xiāng)的春天的感受。要保證語言連貫，無語法和拼寫錯(cuò)誤。

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