2023年中考英語知識清單(通用版)
目錄
TOC \ "1-3" \h \z \u \l "_Tc111033544" 1.名詞的數(shù)(可數(shù)名詞): PAGEREF _Tc111033544 \h 1
\l "_Tc111033545" 2.名詞的數(shù)(不可數(shù)名詞) PAGEREF _Tc111033545 \h 3
\l "_Tc111033546" 3.名詞所有格 PAGEREF _Tc111033546 \h 4
\l "_Tc111033547" 4.牛刀小試 PAGEREF _Tc111033547 \h 5
1.名詞的數(shù)(可數(shù)名詞):
英語的名詞可以分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。表示可以計數(shù)的事物的名詞叫可數(shù)名詞,一般有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式兩種形式??蓴?shù)名詞的單數(shù)變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則為:
1)一般情況下,在可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式后面加字母-s構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)形式。
如:bk-bks;
pen-pens;
eraser-erasers
2)以字母x;s;ch;sh結(jié)尾的單詞,其復(fù)數(shù)形式是在單詞后面加字母-es。
如:bus-buses;
bx-bxes;
watch-watches
3)以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的可數(shù)名詞,其復(fù)數(shù)形式是把字母y變?yōu)閕再加-es。
如:baby-babies;
cuntry-cuntries;
city-cities
注意:
如果是以元音字母+y結(jié)尾的單詞則直接加字母-s。
如:by-bys;
ty-tys
4)以字母f或者fe結(jié)尾的可數(shù)名詞,其復(fù)數(shù)形式是先把字母f變?yōu)関再加-es。
如:wife-wives;
leaf-leaves;
knife-knives
5)以字母結(jié)尾的可數(shù)名詞,其復(fù)數(shù)形式一般加-s,或-es。
如:pht-phts;
radi-radis;
pian- pians;
tmat-tmates;
ptat-ptates
6)一些特殊變化的復(fù)數(shù)形式。
如:man/wman-men/wmen;
child-children;
ft-feet;
tth-teeth;
muse-mice
7)有些名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同:
如:sheep;
deer;
Chinese;
Japanese
注意:
有些集體名詞本身既表示單數(shù)意義又表示復(fù)數(shù)意義。當(dāng)這些名詞指代一個單位、機(jī)構(gòu)或被看成一個整體時,作單數(shù)形式理解;如果表示這個群體的所有成員,通常被看作復(fù)數(shù)。
常用的這類詞有:
class 班級;
team 隊(duì)(員);
family 家庭/人;
gvernment 政府;
grup 組(員)
如:
The family is nt large.
這個家庭不大。(指家庭這個整體)
The family are all music lvers.
這一家人都是音樂愛好者。(指家庭中的成員)
Almst all families in this village have taken part in the prgram. (指多個家庭)
在這個村莊幾乎所有家庭都參加了這個節(jié)目。
2.名詞的數(shù)(不可數(shù)名詞)
1)用much, a little, a lt f/lts f, sme, any等表示多少。如:
The rich man has a lt f mney.
那個富人有很多錢。
There is sme milk in the bttle.
瓶子里有一些牛奶。
Is there any water in the glass?
杯子里有一些水嗎?
I dn't like winter because there's t much snw and ice.
我不喜歡冬天,因?yàn)橛刑嗟谋脱?br>2)用a piece f 這類定語修飾不可數(shù)數(shù)名詞.。
a piece f paper;
a piece f wd;
a piece f bread;
a bttle f range;
a glass f water(milk);
a cup f tea;
如果要表示“兩杯茶”、“四張紙”這類概念時,在容器后加復(fù)數(shù)。
tw cups f tea;
fur pieces f paper;
three glasses f water;
three bags f rice;
3.名詞所有格
名詞所有格表示人或者事物的所有及所屬關(guān)系,在句子中作定語。
1)表示人或者有生命的名詞的所有格的形式,單數(shù)名詞的后面加“-’s”。
如:
This is my father’s car.
這是我父親的汽車。
2)表示集體、時間、距離、世界、國家等名詞的所有格也可以用“-’s”形式。
如:
Is there anything strange in tday’s newspaper?
今天報紙上有什么特別的消息嗎?
3)表示無生命的名詞所有格要用f+名詞的形式,有時也用于有生命的名詞。
如:
Lk at the map f China, please.
請看這張中國地圖。
I knw the girl’s name/ the name f the girl.
我知道這個女孩的名字。
注意:
1)用連詞and連接兩個并列的單數(shù)名詞表示共同所有關(guān)系時,只在最后一個名詞的后面加“-’s”,
如:
This is Li Lei and Li Ping’s father.
這是李雷和李平的父親。(兩個人共同的父親)
如果兩個名詞分別所有,則在兩個名詞的后面分別加 “-’s”,
如:
These are Li Lei’s and Li ping’s bks.
這些是李雷和李平的書。(兩個人各自所有)
2)以s或es結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞,其所有格只在字母s的后面加“’”;而不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞的所有格形式仍然要加“-’s”。
如:
It is abut ten minutes’ walk frm my hme t my schl.
從我家到學(xué)校步行大約十分鐘。
Here is the Children’s Palace.
這里是少年宮。
3)雙重所有格:
“f +名詞的-’s所有格/名詞性物主代詞”構(gòu)成雙重所有格。如果在表示所屬物的名詞前有冠詞、數(shù)詞、不定代詞或指示代詞時,常用雙重所有格。
如:
Tm is a friend f my father’s.
湯姆是我父親的一位朋友。
I gave him tw phts f mine.
我給了他我的兩張照片。
4.牛刀小試
1.(2022·山東濟(jì)南·模擬預(yù)測)—Mum, I’m hungry. May I have sme ________?
—Of curse. But dn’t eat t much.
A.breadB.ndleC.a(chǎn)ppleD.tea
2.(2022·吉林·東北師大附中明珠學(xué)校模擬預(yù)測)I saw________ mthers talking under that big tree abut ten minutes ag.
A.Lucy and LilyB.Lucy’s and Lily
C.Lucy and Lily’sD.Lucy’s and Lily’s
3.(2022·重慶九龍坡·模擬預(yù)測)—What kind f ndles d yu prefer?
—The _________ ndles, f curse.
A.egg and tmatB.eggs and tmat
C.egg and tmatesD.eggs and tmates
4.(2022·四川涼山·模擬預(yù)測)—Is this bag ________?
—N, the red ne is ________.
A.Kate’s;herB.Kate;herC.Kate;hersD.Kate’s;hers
5.(2022·江蘇徐州·中考真題)Frm my ________ n the tp f the TV twer, I can have a perfect view f ur city.
A.traditinB.cnditinC.psitinD.situatin
6.(2022·江蘇江蘇·二模)—Wh is yur favurite ________ in the series A Life Lng Jurney (人世間)?
—Zhu Bingkun is.
A.directrB.writerC.readerD.character
7.(2021·廣西·平果市教研室二模)Excuse me, culd yu pass me sme _________?
A.milkB.cakeC.pearD.tmat
8.(2022·江蘇蘇州·二模)I’m srry that I made yu get int a difficult ________. .
A.messB.humurC.lectureD.situatin
9.(2018·四川眉山·中考真題)—Hw many_______dctrs are there in yur hspital, David?
—_______them _______ver ne hundred.
A.wman,The number f, isB.wmen,A number f, are
C.wman,A number f, isD.wmen,The number f, is
10.(2019·江蘇連云港·中考真題)On April 24, Xie Wenjun raced t gld in the __________110-meter hurdles at the Asian Athletics Champinships in Qatar
A.manB.menC.men'sD.mens'
11.(2022·云南昆明·二模)Mr.Wang gave me several useful ________ n hw t learn better.
A.a(chǎn)dviseB.a(chǎn)dvicesC.suggestD.suggestins
12.(2022·重慶一中一模)A number f _______ dctrs did a gd jb in the fight against COVID-19.
A.wmanB.wman’sC.wmenD.wmen’s
13.(2020·廣西·南寧十四中三模)—Peter ften answers the teacher’s ________ in class, desn’t he?
—Yes, he is very active.
A.prblemsB.questinsC.messagesD.difficulties
14.(2022·天津津南·一模)September cmes after ________ .
A.JulyB.AugustC.JuneD.Octber
15.(2022·江蘇南通·一模)The number f the wrds in yur article isn’t imprtant, but the _________ f it matters.
A.a(chǎn)bilityB.sizeC.qualityD.energy
16.(2022·廣西河池·一模)—I’m hungry, mm.
—Lk! Sme ________ is n the plate. Yu can eat it.
A.eggsB.waterC.pearsD.bread
17.(2022·浙江·溫州外國語學(xué)校二模)It’s said that a new ________ will be pen near ur schl, ffering sme Ou culture exhibitins.
A.farmB.museumC.restaurantD.factry
18.(2022·廣西·環(huán)江毛南族自治縣教育局三模)—I hear there are three freign students in yur class.
—Yes. One is an ________ and the ther tw are ________.
A.Australian, GermansB.Australians, Germen
C.Australians, GermansD.Australian, Germen
19.(2021·山東·濟(jì)南市濟(jì)陽天山外國語學(xué)校二模)_________ is the mst imprtant festival in China.
A.May DayB.Dragn Bat Festival
C.Spring FestivalD.Mid-Autumn Day
20.(2022·安徽·模擬預(yù)測)Chinese gvernment always puts the ________ f peple first when accidents happen.
A.safetyB.wealthC.successD.fame
21.(2021·黑龍江大慶·中考真題)—Can I help yu?
—Please give me ________ abut the trains t Daqing.
A.a(chǎn) few infrmatinsB.a(chǎn) little infrmatins
C.a(chǎn) little infrmatinD.a(chǎn) few infrmatin
22.(2022·天津·模擬預(yù)測)Studying in anther cuntry is a different ________. Yu can have a try.
A.traditinB.differenceC.experienceD.reprt
23.(2021·四川廣元·中考真題)Three fifths f the teachers in ur schl are ________.
A.man teachersB.men teachersC.wman teachersD.wmen teacher
24.(2022·內(nèi)蒙古·呼倫貝爾市海拉爾區(qū)教育研修中心一模)The gvernment has made sme _________ in envirnment prtectin.
A.mistakeB.decisinC.changeD.prgress
25.(2022·上海青浦·一模)The farmer raised plenty f ________ n his farm t sell fr fd and mney.
A.sheepB.cwC.pigD.chicken
26.(2022·重慶·模擬預(yù)測)Stella is ging t mve int a new flat next mnth, s she plans t buy sme ________.
A.chairB.flwerC.furnitureD.picture
27.(2021·江蘇連云港·中考真題)The ________ Lianyungang-Xuzhu High-speed Railway was pen t the public this year.
A.180 kilmeter lngB.180 kilmeters lng
C.180-kilmeter-lngD.180-kilmeters-lng
28.(2021·西藏·中考真題)All ________ received fresh flwers n Wmen’s Day.
A.wman teacherB.wman teachersC.wmen teachersD.wmen teacher
29.(2017·湖北咸寧·中考真題)—Wh wn the first prize f the _______ Wrld Table Tennis Champinship?
—Yu mean the match held in _______? Ma Lng did.
A.fifty-fur; GermanB.fifty-furth; Germany
C.fifty-furth; GermanD.fifty-fur; Germany
30.(2017·貴州黔東南·中考真題)Kaili is ne f the mst beautiful ________ in Guizhu.
A.placeB.citiesC.twnD.cuntry
31.(2022·遼寧沈陽·一模)Smetimes a little actin can make a difference t a ________ life.
A.persnB.persn’sC.persnsD.persns’
32.(2021·黑龍江大慶·二模)—Lucy, d yu have any plans t spend yur ________ hliday?
—Maybe I will g t Shenzhen. I have never visited ________ city.
A.five days’; the mst fantasticB.five days; the mst fantastic
C.five-day; a mre fantasticD.five-days; a mre fantastic
33.(2021·江蘇徐州·二模)Kelly is nt s quick, but she has a gd habit f wrking hard. It is like a hidden ________.
A.prmiseB.traditinC.treasureD.difference
34.(2021·廣西百色·中考真題)Uncle Li has a farm, there are sme________ n the farm.
A.chicken and sheepB.chickens and sheeps
C.chickens and sheepD.chicken and sheeps
35.(2021·貴州銅仁·中考真題)—Yu have a nice huse! Whse rm is this?
— It’s ________.
A.Jack and Peter’sB.Jack’s and Peter’sC.Jack’s and PeterD.Jack and Peter
36.(2019·四川巴中·中考真題)— It’s t ht! Let’s have sme ________ t drink.
— Gd idea.
A.eggsB.milksC.breadD.water
37.(2022·江蘇南京·一模)Dancing is ne f my ________. I take dancing classes twice a week.
A.hbbyB.hbbiesC.habitD.habits
38.(2021·貴州貴陽·中考真題)The mvie named A Little Red Flwer shws _________ lve fr their children.
A.parentsB.parent’sC.parents’
39.(2021·四川涼山·一模)—Did yu have a great time n the farm yesterday?
—Yes, we saw many beautiful flwers and lts f ________ and ________.
A.pigs; chickenB.sheep; chickensC.fishes; chickenD.duck; chickens
40.(2022·吉林長春·一模)—I ften g t the science museum n the weekend.
— I guess we have different . I lve nvels.
A.trublesB.interestsC.prmisesD.standards
41.(2022·安徽·模擬預(yù)測)—The science fictin film The Wandering Earth was a great________.
—Yes. Many peple were shcked by it.
A.inventinB.beautyC.decisinD.success
42.(2021·山東青島·中考真題)Traditinal Chinese Medicine is a great ________ fr ur natin.
A.treasureB.reslutinC.pleasureD.standard
43.(2022·重慶·模擬預(yù)測)We have a ________ hliday during Dragn Bat Day.
A.three daysB.three-dayC.three-daysD.three day’s
44.(2016·廣西來賓·中考真題)—There are many ________ abut this farm.
—Yes, lts f ________ are planted n it.
A.pht; ptatB.phts; ptats
C.phts; ptatesD.phtes; ptates
45.(2022·遼寧·營口市老邊區(qū)實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)模擬預(yù)測)My parents always have a ________ hliday in the Spring Festival.
A.seven daysB.seven day’sC.seven-dayD.seven day
46.(2021·內(nèi)蒙古·呼和浩特市回民區(qū)教育局教科研室二模)—I wnder ________ Shanghai is frm New Yrk.
—It’s abut 15 ________ flight.
A.hw lng, hurs’B.hw far, hurs’
C.hw much, hur’sD.hw far, hurs
47.(2021·內(nèi)蒙古內(nèi)蒙古·中考真題)In a cnversatin between tw persns, 65% f ________ is dne thrugh bdy language.
A.infrmatinB.prnunciatinC.intrductinD.cmmunicatin
48.(2021·天津河?xùn)|·模擬預(yù)測)This bedrm is mine. That bedrm is ________.
A.Jim’s and Tm’sB.Jim’s and TmC.Jim and Tm’sD.Jim and Tm
49.(2021·廣西河池·中考真題)—Lisa, culd yu help me buy sme ________ n yur way hme?
—Ok, mm.
A.eggB.beefC.bananaD.ptat
50.(2021·山東東營·中考真題)—I'm sad t hear that Yuan Lngping passed away.
—S am I. We lst a her. His _______ n hybrid(雜交)rice helped Chinese peple slve the prblem f eating.
A.surveysB.reprtsC.researchesD.a(chǎn)chievements

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