考點一 并列句
Xia Ming tk his cellphne t schl and① played cellphne in class，s② his head teacher was very angry.He said t Xia Ming，“Others are studying hard while③ yu are playing hard.Yu either quit schl r break the cellphne.④” Xia Ming didn’t want t break his cellphne but⑤ he culdn’t quit schl.He thught t himself，“ Break it，r I will be dismissed.⑥”If he was dismissed，nt nly wuld his mther cry but als his father wuld deliver him a spanking①.
注釋：①and，nt (als)...，，等表并列、順承或遞進關系。②fr，s表因果關系。fr連接的分句一般不能放在句首。③while作為并列連詞，強調兩種情況的對比。④r，，等表選擇關系。⑤but，yet，whereas等表轉折關系。⑥and，r 表條件或結果關系，常用于句型“祈使句＋and/r＋陳述句”中。
上述所有連詞在使用時，一定要注意連詞所連接的成分都是同樣的結構。如果連接單詞則兩邊都是單詞，如果連接句子則兩邊都是句子，如果連接短語則兩邊都是短語。不能出現(xiàn)一邊是連接名詞，另一邊連接句子或動詞短語等其他情況。如：
Nt nly can it help yu imprve yur English，but als can help yu find mre friends.(×)
Nt nly can it help yu imprve yur English，but als it can help yu find mre friends.(√)
1．nt als...連接的兩個并列分句，可使用部分倒裝，但只倒裝nt nly 引導的分句。
Nt nly des she treat us with cnsideratin but als she teaches in a humrus way.
她不但對我們體貼，而且還用很幽默的方式教學。
2．使用“祈使句＋and/r＋陳述句”結構時，一定要注意連詞的使用，不能遺漏。
Walk straight dwn the rad fr abut 300 meters，and yu will see the htel n the right.
沿著這條路直走大約三百米，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)那個旅館就在你右手邊。
注意：when可用作并列連詞，相當于and at this/that time，意為“正在這/那時；突然”，常用于下列句式：sb.be abut t d/n the pint f ding (某人正要做某事，突然……)；sb.be ding sth.when ...(某人正在做某事，突然……)；sb.had just dne sth.when ...(某人剛做完某事，突然……)。
He was abut t g ut when the telephne rang.他正要出去，電話鈴突然響了。
He had just finished writing a reprt when the bss let him type a letter.
他剛寫完一篇報告，老板就讓他打印一封信件。
點對點練習
單句語法填空
1．At schl，sme students are active while sme are shy，yet they can be gd friends with ne anther.
2．The ther day I was ding sme grcery shpping when a man walked tward a grup f us at the checkut stand.
3．Fllw yur dctr’s advice，r yur cugh will get wrse.
4．Jhn plays basketball well，but/yet his favrite sprt is badmintn.
5．Henry is very smart，s many f his classmates like him.
考點二 時間狀語從句
One Saturday mrning，when I was listening t my favrite sngs①，my mther asked me t d my hmewrk first.Hwever，as sn as she left②，I turned n my MP3 again.I didn’t start t d my hmewrk until I heard smebdy pening the dr.③Hardly had I taken ut my pen when my mther came back.④ My mum was very angry，“Every time I g ut⑤，yu will d ther things instead f ding hmewrk.It has been tw hurs since I left⑥.Hw much hmewrk had yu finished by the time I entered the rm⑦？ Yu began t d ther things the mment I stepped ut f the rm⑧，didn’t yu？” It was half an hur befre she stpped sclding me⑨.I hpe I will get rid f the bad habits as time ges by⑩.I prmise I will nt d the same thing when she ges ut next time①.
注釋：①when當……時候
②as sn as 一……就……
③nt until直到……才……
④eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\c1(,N ))一……就……
⑤every time后面直接跟句子，相同用法的還有the first time，next time等
⑥since 自從……起，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時
⑦by the time 到……時候為止，主句常常與完成時連用
⑧the mment 后面直接跟句子，表“一……就……”，相同用法的還有the minute，the instant，directly，immediately，instantly
⑨befre到……為止，在……之前
⑩as隨著
1．by＋過去的時間，主句用過去完成時；by＋現(xiàn)在的時間，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時；by＋將來的時間，主句用將來完成時。
I had remembered abut 2,000 wrds by the time I graduated frm junir high schl.
到初中畢業(yè)為止，我已經記了大約兩千個單詞了。
By the time yu cme back，we will have finished the jb.
到你回來的時候，我們將已經完成了這項工作。
2．befre的特殊用法
(1)It will be＋時間段＋befre從句(一般現(xiàn)在時)
It will be fur hurs befre his flight arrives.
要過四個小時之后，他的航班才會到達。
(2)It＋was＋時間段＋befre從句(一般過去時)
It was ten years befre the cuple met again.
十年之后，這對夫婦才再次相見。
3．since引導時間狀語從句，表示“自從……以來”，常用結構為“It is/has been＋一段時間＋since...”(從句用一般過去時)。當since引導的從句的謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞時，時間的計算從since從句的動作完成或狀態(tài)結束時算起。當since引導的從句的謂語動詞是非延續(xù)性動詞時，計時起點從動作開始時算起。
It is three years since she was in ur class.(延續(xù)性動詞)她離開我們班有三年了。
It is fur years since the war brke ut.(非延續(xù)性動詞)自戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)以來已有四年了。
點對點練習
單句語法填空
1．Nt until we succeed in letting wildlife live in peace can we smile in relief.
2．Air pllutin is getting mre and mre serius，s we must take actin befre it is t late.
3.He had n sner finished his speech than the students started cheering.
4．While watching TV，children d nt merely absrb wrds and images.
5．It has been ages since Jack became a member f the famus club.
考點三 其他狀語從句
I failed t pass the exam yesterday because I was careless①.I was s sad that tears came ut f my eyes.②My teacher nticed this and called me t her ffice.“Thugh yu’re clever③，yu didn’t perfrm as well as yur deskmate did this time④.Why? He will make a mark where he makes a mistake⑤ and figure it ut in his ntebk.If yu crrect yur mistakes⑥ as he des⑦ after the exam，yu will make great prgress next time.” I must learn frm my deskmate s that I can pass the exam next time.⑧
注釋：①為原因狀語從句
②為結果狀語從句
③為讓步狀語從句
④為比較狀語從句
⑤為地點狀語從句
⑥為條件狀語從句
⑦為方式狀語從句
⑧為目的狀語從句
1．讓步狀語從句
(1)althugh引導讓步狀語從句時，只能用正常語序；thugh引導讓步狀語從句時，可用正常語序，也可用倒裝語序；as引導讓步狀語從句時只能用倒裝語序，即將從句中的表語、狀語或動詞原形置于句首，若表語是單數名詞，前置時要省略冠詞。
Althugh/Thugh he may be trubled，he always presents a calm smiling face.
盡管他可能會遇到麻煩，但他總是露出平靜的笑臉。
Child as/thugh he was，he helped me a lt.
盡管他是個孩子，他卻幫了我很多忙。
(2)althugh與thugh都可以與yet，still，nevertheless連用，但不能和but連用。
Althugh/Thugh it was raining hard，yet they went n playing ftball.
雖然雨下得很大，但他們還是繼續(xù)踢足球。
(3)while引導讓步狀語從句時，一般置于句首。
While I admit that there are prblems，I dn’t agree that they cannt be slved.
盡管我承認有問題存在，但我不同意這些問題不能解決。
(4)n matter wh(what，when，which，hw等)引導讓步狀語從句時，相當于“wh(what，when，which，hw等)＋-ever”，表示“無論何人(什么，何時，哪個/些，怎樣等)”。
He keeps taking exercise n matter hw cld it is.不管天氣有多冷，他都堅持鍛煉。
Whatever wrk we d，we shuld d ur best.
不管做什么工作，我們都應盡全力。
(5)引導讓步狀語時，意為“不管……，還是……”。
Whether he cmes here r we g there，the tpic f the discussin will remain unchanged.
不管他來這兒還是我們去那兒，討論的話題都會保持不變。
2．目的狀語從句
(1)in rder that與s that引導的目的狀語從句
in rder that比s that正式，引導的狀語從句可置于主句之前或之后；而s that引導的從句只能置于主句之后。
Speak luder s that/in rder that the peple in the hall can all hear yu.
大點聲講，以便大廳里的人都能聽見。
In rder that we get there n time，we shuld set ut early.
為了準時趕到那里，我們應該早點出發(fā)。
(2)fr fear that與in case引導的目的狀語從句
fr fear that表示“唯恐；生怕”；in case表示“以免，以防”。
Leave yur key with yur neighbr in case yu lck yurself ut ne day.
留一把鑰匙給你的鄰居，以防哪天你把自己鎖在門外。
3．結果狀語從句
在和結構中，當“s＋adj./adv.”或“such＋n.”置于句首時，主句要部分倒裝。
S anxius am I that I can’t sleep until deep int the night.
我是如此的焦慮以至于直到半夜我才能睡著。
S fast did he run that I culdn’t catch him.
他跑得那么快，我抓不住他。
4．條件狀語從句
unless意義上等于if nt，在應用時如果不把握可以用if nt 替換一下，講得通的話，才能使用unless。
Yu’ll fail the exam unless yu study hard.
除非你努力學習，否則你會考試不及格。
點對點練習
單句語法填空
1．Well，I’m wrking n a huge assignment and if I dn’t d well，it will ruin my reputatin as an excellent accuntant!
2．He will never make prgress in math unless he really wants t learn it.
3．Wherever she ges，there are crwds f peple waiting t see her.
4．Suppsing/Suppse(suppse) that they refuse us，wh else can we turn t fr help?
5．They agreed t lend us the car n cnditin that we returned it befre the weekend.
6．My parents dn’t mind what jb I d as lng as I am happy.
7．If guests are seated at the table，hsts may serve the fd，r it may be passed s that each persn may help himself.
8．Enjying a fresh mrning is imprtant because/as it can set the md fr the rest f the day.
9．He speaks s slwly and strangely that it takes patience t understand what he is saying.
10．They treat her as thugh/if she were their daughter.
單句語法填空
1．In a study f 33 years f trends in Bdy Mass Index(體重指數) acrss 200 cuntries，the scientists fund that peple wrldwide are getting heavier and that mst f the rise is due t gains in BMI in rural areas.(2021·浙江1月)
2．Irene said，“I dn’t see any reasn t give up wrk.I lve cming here and seeing my family and all the friends I have made ver the years.I wrk nt because I have t，but because I want t.”(2019·全國Ⅱ)
3．While sme peple are mtivated by a need fr success，thers are mtivated by a fear f failure.(2016·江蘇)
4．I really enjy listening t music because it helps me relax and takes my mind away frm ther cares f the day.(2016·北京)
5．We need t get t the rt f the prblem befre we can slve it.(2015·天津)
1．分析單詞、短語或句子的邏輯關系或句式結構。
(1)完整的句子中，如果兩個單詞或短語并列，要填并列連詞。
(2)若兩個句子(兩個主謂結構)之間沒有句號或分號，也沒有連詞，空格處必定填連詞。
2．牢記連詞詞義并能熟練運用是解答題目的先決條件。
3．注意固定句式中的連詞。
層級一 基礎達標練
單句語法填空
1．The explsin rcked the lake with such a frce that dead fish immediately began t surface.
2．In additin，frests have been decreasing rapidly because/as t many trees have been cut dwn.
3．Mst imprtantly，remember the fllwing ld rule：try t eat different fds，but/yet nt t much.
4．Never lse heart and yu’ll make a quick advance in yur prject.
5．I had hardly sat dwn n the train and pened a bar f chclate when an ld man with huge bags sat dwn acrss frm me.
6．If yu visit Nepal，yu will find Nepalese ften greet each ther with the hands pressed tgether instead f shaking hands，while in Nrth America and the U．K.，peple greet ne anther by shaking hands.
7．In the state f Iwa，if yu live mre than a mile away frm schl yu can get a schl permit.
8．Ten years later I still keep in tuch with my classmates，thugh/althugh I’ve never met them after graduatin.
9．But fr nw，they all have t pstpne their plans until/till the winter strms pass.
10．Scientists say it may be five r six years befre it is pssible t test this medicine n patients.
11．As we all knw，where there is a will，there is a way.
12．Tired as/thugh I was，I went n with my wrk n the farm.
13．I was walking t schl this mrning when I caught sight f an ld wman with a walking stick lying n the grund.
14．Yu must attend the meeting unless it is incnvenient t yu.
15．D remember that it is unwise t trust him，whatever he says.
層級二 高考真題練
單句語法填空
1．We all need t get invlved in saving energy whether it’s at wrk，at hme，r at schl.(2021·天津3月)
2．We hired ur bikes frm the rental place at the Suth Gate.My bike was ld and shaky but did the jb.It tk us abut 3 hurs t g all the way arund the Xi’an City Wall.(2021·全國甲)
3．It was nt widely accepted as a travel cncept until the late 1980s.(2021·全國乙)
4．They kept their cllectin at hme until it gt t big r until they died，and then it was given t a museum.(2020·新高考全國Ⅰ)
5．When/As he asked the villagers n the banks f the river where he culd find the legendary(傳奇的) artist，they smiled and pinted dwn the river.(2020·全國Ⅲ)
6．Tm is s independent that he never asks his parents’ pinin unless he wants their supprt.
(2019·天津6月)
7．If we dn’t stp climate change，many animals and plants in the wrld will be gne.
(2018·北京)
8．Let’s nt pick these peaches until this weekend s that they get sweet enugh t be eaten.
(2018·天津6月)
9．If yu dn’t understand smething，yu may research，study，and talk t ther peple until/till yu figure it ut.(2017·北京)
10．—Why d peple like pp music? I hate it s much.
—Even if/thugh it is nt yur style，that desn’t mean it is bad.(2020·天津)
層級三 語篇提能練
語法填空
連詞篇
Few peple I knw seem t have much desire r time t ck.Making Chinese dishes is seen as especially trublesme.Many westerners 1. cme t China ck much less 2. in their wn cuntries nce they realize hw cheap it can be t eat ut.I still remember 3. (visit) a friend wh’d lived here fr five years and I was shcked 4. I learnt she hadn’t cked nce in all that time.
5． regularly eating ut seems t have becme cmmn fr many yung peple in recent years，it’s nt withut a cst.The bvius ne is mney；eating ut nce r twice a week may be affrdable 6. ding this mst days adds up.There culd be an even 7. (high) cst n yur health.Researchers have fund that there is a direct link between the increase in fd eaten utside the hme and the rise in weight prblems.
8． yu are nt ging t suffer this prblem，then I suggest that the next time yu g t yur mum’s hme 9. dinner，get a few cking tips frm her.Cking fd can be fun.Yu might als begin t ntice the effects nt nly n yur health 10. in yur pcket.
1．答案 wh/that
解析 考查定語從句的關系詞。先行詞是westerners(西方人)，用wh或that引導限制性定語從句，并在從句中作主語。
2．答案 than
解析 句意為：許多來中國的西方人一旦意識到在外面吃飯是多么便宜，他們做飯的次數就會比在自己國家少得多。根據句意可知，此處為比較級，故填than。
3．答案 visiting
解析 考查動名詞作賓語。remember ding sth.記得做過某事。
4．答案 when
解析 考查連詞。此處為時間狀語從句，表示“當……的時候”，故用when。
5．答案 While/Thugh/Althugh
解析 考查連詞。此處引導讓步狀語從句，表示“雖然，盡管”；句首單詞首字母需大寫，故填While/Thugh/Althugh。
6．答案 but
解析 考查連詞。前后語義為轉折關系，故填but。
7．答案 higher
解析 考查形容詞的比較級?！案痹~even＋比較級”表示“更……”，強調程度。
8．答案 If
解析 考查條件狀語從句。句意為：如果你不打算遭受這個問題的困擾，那么我建議你下次去你媽媽家吃晚飯的時候，向她學習一些烹飪技巧。故填If。
9．答案 fr
解析 考查介詞。g t yur mum’s hme fr dinner去你媽媽家吃飯。fr表示目的，意為“為了要，為了得到”。
10．答案 but
解析 考查連詞。nt als...不但……而且……，為固定搭配，als可省略。故填but。
1．nt als...
典例 (2020·新高考全國Ⅰ)這次賽跑不僅豐富了我們的課外活動，而且增強了我們的意志力。
Nt nly did the race enrich ur extracurricular activities，but als it strengthened ur willpwer.
運用 (2021·新高考全國Ⅰ)Yuth的專欄Cultures Arund the Wrld不僅拓寬了我的視野，也讓我有機會體驗不同的文化。
Nt nly des Cultures Arund the Wrld，a clumn f Yuth braden my hrizns，but als it gives me an pprtunity t experience different cultures.
2．祈使句＋and/r＋陳述句
典例 (2019·北京)提前從網上預訂票和房間，你會有更多的時間去觀光。
Bk tickets and rms nline in advance，and yu will have mre time t g sightseeing.
運用 (2021·浙江6月)來參觀展覽吧，你將享受一場視覺盛宴。
Cme t the exhibitin，and yu will enjy a visual feast.
3．結果狀語從句
典例 (2020·新高考全國Ⅰ)他們的爆米花是如此的美味以至于很快就賣光了。
Their ppcrn was s delicius that it was sld ut sn.
運用 (2021·新高考全國Ⅰ)驚喜是如此甜蜜，她興奮地搖了搖正假裝打鼾的丈夫。
The surprise was s sweet that she excitedly shk her husband，wh was pretending t snre.
4．be
典例 (2017·浙江6月)馬克正在想接下來該怎么辦，正在那時，一只手把他拉進了車里。
Mac was wndering what t d next when a hand pulled him int the car.
運用 (2017·浙江11月)我們正在找地方搭帳篷，這時媽媽告訴我們她忘了帶帳篷。
We were lking fr a place t put up the tent when Mther tld us that she had frgtten t take it.
5．nt until...
典例 (2020·浙江7月)直到似乎過了半個世紀之后，我們才聽到了直升機的聲音。
Nt until after what seemed half a century did we hear the rar f the helicpter.
運用 (2021·北京)直到昨天我才得知我們班這個周末要開一個重要的會議——正好是我們見面的時間。
Nt until yesterday was I infrmed that ur class was ging t hld an imprtant meeting this weekend—exactly the time we shall meet.語篇解讀 本文是一篇說明文。作者分析了外出就餐的代價，并建議我們要嘗試自己做飯，這樣做不僅對自身健康有好處還能節(jié)約開支。

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