?Unit 4 Sports
單元素養(yǎng)評估測試卷
第I卷
I. Listening Comprehension
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Life Doesn’t Just Happen to Us
Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success depends mainly on our view of ourselves and of the events in our lives.
When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no way of knowing that his life was to change completely. The class experiment that day was to show ____21____heating a container of water would bring air bubbling to the surface. Somehow, the container the teacher gave Wilson ____22____(heat) mistakenly held something more volatile(易揮發(fā)的) than water. When Wilson heated it, the container exploded, ____23____(leave) Wilson blinded in both eyes.
When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents attempted to find a way to deal with the disaster that ____24____(happen) to their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident ____25____a disaster. He learned braille(盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became an ____26____(accomplish) public speaker.
Later, he worked in Africa,____27____many people suffered from blindness for lack of proper treatment. For him, it was one thing to accept his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue when it ____28____be fixed so easily. Wilson did his best to prevent the preventable ____29____ tens of millions in Africa and Asia could recover their sight.
Wilson received several international awards for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a vision. He proved that it’s not what happens to us _____30_____determines our lives- it’s what we make of what happens.
【答案】21. why 22. to heat 23. leaving 24. had happened 25. as 26. accomplished
27. where 28. could 29. so that 30. that
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了John在做課堂實驗時，因為意外而失明，但他不氣餒，通過他的實際行動和生活態(tài)度向我們證明，決定我們生活的不是發(fā)生在我們身上的事情，而是我們?nèi)绾螌Υl(fā)生的事情。
【21題詳解】
考查賓語從句。句意：那天的班級實驗是為了說明為什么加熱一個盛水的容器會使空氣冒泡到表面?？仗幰龑?dǎo)賓語從句，從句缺少原因狀語，需用連接副詞why引導(dǎo)。故填why。
【22題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：不知怎么的，老師給威爾遜加熱的容器錯誤地裝了比水更易揮發(fā)的東西。空處需填動詞不定式做后置定語。故填to heat。
【23題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：當(dāng)威爾遜加熱時，容器爆炸了，威爾遜的雙眼都瞎了。空處需填非謂語動詞作結(jié)果狀語，前面一句話和leave為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，需用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填leaving。
【24題詳解】
考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：兩個月后，當(dāng)威爾遜從醫(yī)院回到家時，他的父母試圖找到一種方法來處理發(fā)生在他們生活中的災(zāi)難。happen發(fā)生在“attempted to”之前，表示“過去的過去”，使用過去完成時。故填had happened。
【25題詳解】
考查固定短語。句意：但威爾遜并不認(rèn)為這次事故是一場災(zāi)難。regard…as…為固定短語，意為“把……對待成……”。故填as。
【26題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：在那里，他不僅是一名優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生，而且還成為了一名出色的演說家。修飾名詞speaker，需填形容詞作定語。故填accomplished。
【27題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：后來，他在非洲工作，那里有許多人因缺乏適當(dāng)?shù)闹委煻鳌？仗幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞Africa在定語從句中作地點狀語，需用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。故填where。
【28題詳解】
考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：對他來說，接受自己失明的命運是一回事，而在事情可以輕易解決的情況下允許事情繼續(xù)下去則完全是另一回事。結(jié)合句意“能夠”和“was”可知，此處需填can的過去式could。故填could。
【29題詳解】
考查從屬連詞。句意：威爾遜竭盡全力預(yù)防可預(yù)防的疾病，使非洲和亞洲的數(shù)千萬人恢復(fù)視力?！?tens of millions in Africa and Asia could recover their sight.”是目的，需用從屬連詞so that引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。故填so that。
【30題詳解】
考查強調(diào)句。句意：他證明了并不是發(fā)生在我們身上的事情決定了我們的生活，而是我們?nèi)绾慰创l(fā)生的事情?！癐t is+被強調(diào)部分+that+句子其他成分”為強調(diào)句的基本句型，此處對主語從句“what happens to us”進(jìn)行強調(diào)。故填that。

Section B
A. honors B. inspiring C. cultural D. awoke E. promoting F. success
G. distinguished H. similar I. considered J. normally K. incredibly
Sports Icons(偶像) Who Lead a Change
China’s sports industry has entered a new era when the superstars themselves become the absolute focus of public attention. Compared with the gold medals and____31____the Chinese team has received sports stars play the role of____32____people and improving the status of their sports in China. The following is an overview of those stars who once were, currently are or in the future will become milestones to change China’s sports demographics(統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)).
Yao Ming: China’s Ambassador(大使)
Standing at 2.29 meters, Yao Ming used basketball to become one of the mainstream____33____ambassadors in modern China. He first played for his hometown Shanghai Sharks team in the CBA where he became a CBA champion ad Finals MVP in 2002. Soon afterwards, Yao was chosen by the Houston Rockets as the top overall pick in 2002. Over an eight-year span with the Rockets, Yao became an eight-time NBA All-Star. Besides his____34____in the CBA and the NBA, Yao was also a big reason for China’s continued dominance in the Asia basketball scene and their constant presence at world-level competitions. To this day, Yao remains one of China’s most____35____sports and cultural icons.
Liu Xiang: A Great Breakthrough
China’s world champion hurdler, Liu Xiang____36____the nation’s long-sleeping interest in track and field events after he became the first man to ever win a men’s track and field event for China. Before Liu won a gold medal in the men’s 110m hurdle race at the Athens 2004 Olympic Games and set a world record two years later, Chinese people had never shown such a strong interest in track and field events. Liu has become a significant player in China’s track and field events and the craze that has followed him is____37____to Yao Ming’s influence on China’s basketball. Both athletes prove how powerful a super sports star can be on____38____the development of a sport in China.
Li Na: New Image of China’s Tennis
Being the first Asian to win the singles title of a Grand Slam tournament, Li Na opened the door to tennis in China and even Asia. Her victory at the French Open 2011 was like a fairy tale and she has since been____39____as a national sports hero equal to Yao Ming and Liu Xiang. A record-breaking 116 million viewers from China tuned in to watch Li become the French Open champion, marking the start of a women’s tennis boom in a country_____40_____left out of the tennis conversation.
【答案】31. A 32. B 33. C 34. F 35. G 36. D 37. H 38. E 39. I 40. J
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主題是：介紹了幾位過去，現(xiàn)在或是未來會改變中國體育數(shù)據(jù)的里程碑式的運動員，包括姚明、劉翔和李娜。
【31題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：與中國隊獲得的金牌和榮譽相比，體育明星在中國發(fā)揮著鼓舞人心、提高他們的運動在中國的體育地位的作用。根據(jù)前文“gold medals and” 可知，空處應(yīng)填名詞和gold medals并列。honor“榮譽”，為名詞，符合題意，且金牌和榮譽緊密聯(lián)系。故選A項。
【32題詳解】
考查動詞。句意：與中國隊獲得的金牌和榮譽相比，體育明星在中國發(fā)揮著鼓舞人心、提高他們的運動在中國的體育地位的作用。此處和后面“and improving the status of their sports in China（提升他們的運動在中國的地位）”以and來連接，空處形式應(yīng)和improving并列。使用doing形式。賓語是people ，inspiring“激勵；鼓舞”符合題意。故選B項。
【33題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：姚明身高2.29米，用籃球成為現(xiàn)代中國的主流文化大使之一?？蘸鬄槊~ambassadors大使，空處應(yīng)用形容詞作定語來修飾ambassadors。cultural“文化的”為形容詞，符合句意。故選C項。
【34題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：除了在他在CBA和NBA的成功之外，姚明也是中國在亞洲籃球舞臺上繼續(xù)占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位并不斷出現(xiàn)在世界級比賽中的一個重要原因。根據(jù)前面his，可知空處應(yīng)填名詞，success“成功”為名詞，符合題意。故選F項。
【35題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：時至今日，姚明仍然是中國最杰出的體育和文化偶像之一。根據(jù)前面most可知，此處應(yīng)使用形容詞表示最高級。distinguished“杰出的”為形容詞，符合題意。故選G項。
【36題詳解】
考查動詞。句意：中國跨欄世界冠軍劉翔在成為第一個為中國贏得男子田徑項目冠軍后，喚醒了中國人對田徑項目沉睡已久的興趣。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)填謂語動詞的一般過去時，awoke“喚醒”，符合題意。故選D項。
【37題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：劉翔已然成為中國田徑項目的一名重要球員，隨之而來的熱潮與姚明對中國籃球的影響相似。分析句子可知，此處作表語，將姚明和劉翔的影響力作對比，需填形容詞。be similar to意為“和···相似”，符合句意。故選H項。
【38題詳解】
考查動詞。句意：兩位運動員都證明了一位超級體育明星在促進(jìn)中國體育發(fā)展方面的強大力量。根據(jù)介詞on和the development of a sport in China“中國體育事業(yè)的發(fā)展”，可知，此處應(yīng)填動詞的doing形式。promoting“促進(jìn)”符合題意。故選E項。
【39題詳解】
考查動詞。句意：她在2011年法國網(wǎng)球公開賽上的勝利就像一個童話，從此她被視為與姚明和劉翔并駕齊驅(qū)的民族體育英雄。根據(jù)has been 和as可知此處應(yīng)填動詞，be considered as“被認(rèn)為···；被當(dāng)作···”符合題意。故選I。
【40題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：來自中國創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的1.16億觀眾收看了李娜成為法網(wǎng)冠軍的比賽，這標(biāo)志著一個通常被排除在網(wǎng)球話題之外的國家開始了女子網(wǎng)球熱潮。left out of the tennis conversation“排除在網(wǎng)球話題之外”，為非謂語動詞作后置定語修飾country。空處應(yīng)使用副詞形式來修飾動詞詞組left out。normally“通常地”,符合題意。故選J項。
II. Reading Comprehension
Section A
There is a Web site called the “World Database of Happiness.” It combines and analyzes the results of hundreds of surveys from around the world that have been conducted on life satisfaction. Most of the findings are ___27___, but a few are surprising.
The database makes it clear that there is not a strong connection between material wealth and general contentment. It is a cliché to say that money can’t buy happiness, but the old saying seems to be ___28___ by research. Many people still cling to the belief that gaining riches will be the answer to all their problems, yet they are probably ___29___.
Studies have been ___30___ on people who acquired sudden wealth, such as lottery winners. In most cases, after the ___31___ joy had worn off, people were not left with a sense of lasting happiness. In fact, they tended to revert to the way they ___32___ before they became rich. Previously contented people continue to be contented, ___33___ those who were miserable before sink back into misery.
If material wealth does not bring happiness, then what does? Perhaps happiness has something to do with where you live. The authorities at the World Database on Happiness have surveyed ___34___ of happiness in different countries. ___35___, people in America, Canada, and Singapore are very happy; people living in India and Russia, not surprisingly, are not happy.
Other surveys consistently ____36____ the importance of relationships. ____37____ relationships in particular seem to be the key to long-term contentment. The Web site suggests that falling in love and having children are two of the ____38____ that bring the greatest happiness.
Nowadays people look to technology as an ____39____ source of satisfaction. People increasingly spend more time alone watching TV or surfing the Internet ____40____ spending time with family. Can technology truly make people happy? It is too difficult to tell, but one thing is sure: If the Web site’s research is accurate, time spent with your family is a better ____41____ than time spent making money.
27. A. different B. predictable C. satisfactory D. unexpected
28. A. challenged B. widespread C. overtaken D. supported
29. A. generous B. positive C. hesitated D. mistaken
30. A. turned out B. done with C. carried out D. put forward
31. A. essential B. pleasant C. initial D. enviable
32. A. felt B. had C. chose D. lived
33. A. as B. so C. and D. while
34. A. levels B. standards C. senses D. examples
35. A. Strangely B. Hopefully C. Apparently D. Surprisingly
36. A. point to B. hold up C. deal with D. depend on
37. A. Partner B. Family C. Relative D. Society
38. A. situations B. relations C. destinations D. references
39. A. convenient B. alternative C. everlasting D. adequate
40. A. as far as B. rather than C. as well as D. in case of
41. A. environment B. circumstance C. investment D. civilization
【答案】27. B 28. D 29. D 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. C 36. A 37. B 38. A 39. B 40. B 41. C
【解析】
這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一家名為Wor1d Database of Happiness的網(wǎng)站，這家網(wǎng)站調(diào)查分析人們幸福的原因。最終得出結(jié)論：和家人的關(guān)系是保持幸福的關(guān)鍵。
【27題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：大多數(shù)發(fā)現(xiàn)是可以預(yù)測的，但也有一些是令人驚訝的。A. different不同的；B. predictable可預(yù)言的；C. satisfactory滿意的；D. unexpected意外的，想不到的。與后面的 surprising 對比，選 predictable。故選B。
【28題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：人們常說金錢買不到幸福，但這句諺語似乎得到了研究的支持。A. challenged挑戰(zhàn)；B. widespread普遍的，廣泛的；C. overtaken超過，趕上；D. supported支持。根據(jù)下文Studies have been carried out on people…可知，有研究的支持，所以選 supported。故選D。
【29題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：許多人仍然堅信獲得財富就能解決他們所有的問題，然而他們可能錯了。A. generous慷慨的，大方的；B. positive積極的；C. hesitated猶豫的；D. mistaken誤解的，錯誤的。根據(jù)Many people still cling to the belief…和此句yet轉(zhuǎn)折可知，此處表示錯誤的。故選D。
【30題詳解】
考查動詞短語辨析。句意：正在對那些一夜暴富的人，例如彩票中獎的人進(jìn)行研究。A. turned out結(jié)果證明是；B. done with完畢；C. carried out實施；D. put forward提出。根據(jù)主語Studies可知，此處表示實施研究。故選C。
【31題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在大多數(shù)情況下，在最初的快樂消失后，人們并沒有留下一種持久的幸福感。A. essential基本的，必要的；B. pleasant令人愉快的；C. initial最初的；D. enviable引起忌妒的。根據(jù)people were not left with a sense of lasting happiness可知，此處表示最初的快樂（initial joy）。故選C。
【32題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：實際上，他們傾向于回到他們變得富有之前的感覺。A. felt感覺；B. had有；C. chose選擇；D. lived居住。根據(jù)下文Previously contented people continue to be contented, ___7___ those who were miserable before sink back into misery.可知，此處指“感受的生活方式”。故選A。
【33題詳解】
考查連接詞辨析。句意：以前滿足的人繼續(xù)滿足，而那些以前痛苦的人又重新陷入痛苦。A. as因為，在……時；B. so因此；C. and并且；D. while雖然，在……期間。前后兩句是對比，應(yīng)使用連接詞while。故選D。
【34題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：世界幸福數(shù)據(jù)庫的權(quán)威機(jī)構(gòu)調(diào)查了不同國家的幸福水平。A. levels水平，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；B. standards標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；C. senses感覺，判斷力；D. examples例子。根據(jù)下文___9___, people in America, Canada, and Singapore are very happy; people living in India and Russia, not surprisingly, are not happy.可知，此處指levels of happiness“幸福水平”。故選A。
【35題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：顯然，美國、加拿大和新加坡的人都很快樂；毫不奇怪，生活在印度和俄羅斯的人并不快樂。A. Strangely奇怪地；B. Hopefully有希望地；C. Apparently顯然地，似乎，表面上；D. Surprisingly驚人地。對應(yīng)后面的 not surprisingly，選 apparently表示顯然的結(jié)果。故選C。
【36題詳解】
考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：其他調(diào)查一致指出了關(guān)系的重要性。A. point to指向，表明；B. hold up舉起，阻擋；C. deal with對付，處理，涉及；D. depend on取決于，依賴。point to 指向。根據(jù)the importance of relationships可知，此處表示“關(guān)系的重要性”。故選A。
【37題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：家庭關(guān)系似乎是獲得長期滿足感的關(guān)鍵。A. Partner同伴，伙伴；B. Family家庭，家人；C. Relative親戚，相關(guān)物；D. Society社會。根據(jù)下文中having children可知，此處是指“家庭關(guān)系”。故選B。
【38題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：該網(wǎng)站指出，墜入愛河和生兒育女是最能帶來幸福的兩種情形。A. situations情形，情境，局面；B. relations關(guān)系，交往；C. destinations目的地，終點；D. references參考文獻(xiàn)，參照。根據(jù)falling in love and having children可知，此處是兩種情形。故選A。
【39題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在人們把技術(shù)看作幸福的一個替代的來源。A. convenient方便的，便利的；B. alternative供選擇的；C. everlasting永恒的，永久的；D. adequate充足的，適當(dāng)?shù)?。根?jù)source of satisfaction可知，此處指的是上文中出現(xiàn)的兩種情境外又一可供選擇的。故選B。
【40題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：人們花越來越多的時間獨自看電視或上網(wǎng)，而不是花時間與家人在一起。A. as far as至于，直到；B. rather than寧可，而不是；C. as well as也，和……一樣；D. in case of如果，萬一。根據(jù)spend more time alone watching TV or surfing the Internet可知，人們選擇了這兩種，而不是和家人在一起。故選B。
【41題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這很難說，但有一件事是肯定的：如果網(wǎng)站的研究是準(zhǔn)確的，那么與賺錢的時間相比，與家人在一起的時間是更好的投資。A. environment環(huán)境；B. circumstance狀況，環(huán)境；C. investment投資；D. civilization文明，文化。investment 投資，根據(jù)time spent making money可知，此處看作是一種投資。故選C。

Section B
(A)
（A）
Nervous suspects(嫌疑犯) locked up in Britain's newest police station may feel relieved by a pleasant yellow colour on the door. If they are close to confessing a crime, the blue on the wall might tip the balance.
Gwent Police have abandoned colours such as greys and browns of the 20th-century police cell(牢房) and have used colour psychology to decorate them.
Ystrad Mynach station, which recently opened at a cost off5 million has four cells with glass doors for prisoners who suffer from claustrophobia（幽閉恐怖癥）, Designers have painted the frames yellow, which researchers say is a calming colour. Other cells contain a royal blue line because psychologists believe that the colour is likely to encourage truthfulness.
The station has 31 cells, including 12 with a"live scan" system for drunken or disturbed prisoners, which detects the rise and fall of their chest. An alarm alerts officers if a prisoner's breathing stops and carries on ringing until the door is opened.
Designers and psychologists have worked for years on colour. Blue is said to suggest trust, efficiency, duty, logic, coolness, thinking and calm. It also suggests coldness and unfriendliness.It is thought that strong blues will stimulate clear thought and lighter, soft colours will calm the mind and aid concentration.
Yellow is linked with confidence, self-respect and friendliness. Get the colour wrong and it could cause fear, depression and anxiety, but the right yellow can lift spirits and self-respect.
Ingrid Collins, a psychologist who specializes in the effects of colour, said that colour was an"energy force", She said: "Blue does enhance communication but I am not sure it would enhance truthful communication.”
Yellow, she said, affected the mind. Red on the other hand, should never be considered because it could increase aggression. Mrs Collins praised the designers for using colours in the cells. Gwent is not the first British force to experiment with colour to calm down or persuade prisoners to co-operate. In the 1990s Strathclyde Police used pink in cells based on research carried out by the US Navy.
42. The expression"tip the balance" in paragraph 1 probably indicates that the blue might_________.
A. let suspects keep their balance.
B. make suspects cold and unfriendly in law court.
C. help suspects to confess their crimes.
D. enable suspects to change their attitudes to colours.
43. Which of the following colours should not be used in cells according to the passage?
A. Pink. B. Red.
C. Blue. D. Yellow.
44. Which of the following helps alert officers if someone stops breathing？
A. Royal blue lines. B. Scanning equipment.
C. Glass doors. D. Yellow frames.
45. The passage is mainly concerned with__________.
A. the relationship between colours and psychology.
B. a comparison of different functions of colours.
C. scientific ways to help criminals reform themselves in prison.
D. the use of colours in cells to affect criminals psychology.
【答案】42. C 43. B 44. B 45. D
【解析】
本文為說明文。本文介紹了顏色在英國監(jiān)獄中的應(yīng)用，適當(dāng)?shù)念伾梢跃徍妥锓傅那榫w，具有很大的益處。
【42題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)Nervous suspects(嫌疑犯) locked up in Britain's newest police station may feel relieved by a pleasant yellow colour on the door. If they are close to confessing a crime, the blue on the wall might tip the balance可知，黃色和藍(lán)色是讓人放松心情的顏色，所以在坦白罪行的時候能夠緩解情緒，有利于罪行的交代，故選C。
【43題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后兩句Gwent is not the first British force to experiment with colour to calm down or persuade prisoners to co-operate. In the 1990s Strathclyde Police used pink in cells based on research carried out by the US Navy.可知，在牢房中使用粉色可以使人放松，故選B。
【44題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句The station has 31 cells, including 12 with a"live scan" system for drunken or disturbed prisoners, which detects the rise and fall of their chest.可知，該監(jiān)獄共有31個囚室，其中12個囚室裝有“實時掃描”系統(tǒng)，遇到情況就會向獄警發(fā)出警報，故選B。
【45題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)上下文可知，本文介紹不同的顏色有不同的心理暗示，研究者們利用這一原理為監(jiān)獄配備不同的顏色，從心理上影響罪犯。故選D。
(B)
Different countries have different tipping customs. When you travel, you need to know how　to tip in the country that you’re in; otherwise you’ll leave servers angry everywhere you go.Here are just a few guidelines to tipping around the world.
Brazil
There will always be a standard 10% service charge added to your bill, and you won’t　necessarily have to tip. If you do feel like being generous, an extra 5-10% will really make your　server very happy. Just remember to do this as skillfully as possible—Brazilians don’t make a　big show of this.
Dubai
In Dubai it’s a rule for restaurants to charge 10% tip on all restaurant and bar bills. You can　add a couple of dirhams（迪拉姆,貨幣單位）to this if you feel like it. Waiters are not paid very　much in Dubai, so it is always very appreciated.
Germany
German bars and restaurants will include the tip as part of what you owe, but that’s not all　you have to pay. It is a custom to round the bill up after that, usually to the euro. This can be　anywhere from 5-10%. When it’s time to settle up, you won’t get a bill: your waiter tells you the　total and then you tell them how much you want to pay, including your “tip”, and hand over the　money.
Czech Republic
While locals in the Czech Republic don’t leave tips, that doesn’t mean you’re off the hook.Foreign tourists are definitely expected to leave some kind of tip for service—as long as you’re　in a high tourist traffic area, like Prague for instance. The standard tip is 10%.
India
If you like the service, go ahead and tip your server 5-10%. You have to adjust that amount　though, based on how big the meal you’re eating is. If the bill is for a small meal, and totals less　than 300 rupees, tip the full 10%. If the bill is higher, tip towards the 5%.
21. In which country do customers have to tip at least 10% for the service?
　A. Dubai 　B. India 　C. Germany 　D. Czech Republic
22. Which country has different tip cultures between citizens and foreigners?
　A. Dubai 　B. Germany 　C. India 　D. Czech Republic
23. If your bill is 2000 rupees in India, it is proper for you to tip________ rupees.
　A. 10 　B. 80 C.120 　D. 200
【文章大意】 文章介紹了不同國家給小費的習(xí)俗。
1. A 根據(jù)全文可知， 只有在 Dubai， 顧客至少要給 10%的小費， 故選 A。 捷克共和國的本國消費者是不給小費的, D 項錯誤。
3. D 根據(jù)第五段第一、 二句話可知捷克共和國的公民不給小費， 但是外國人一定給小費， 故選 D。
2. C 根據(jù)最后一段最后一句話， 如果消費賬單超過 300 rupees， 小費從 10%下降至 5%， 2000 rupees 的賬單的小費應(yīng)該少于 10% (200) 大于 5% (100), 故 C 項 120。
(C)
"When I was 16 years old, I was diving in Greece, but I was disappointed because I saw more plastic bags than fish.” These are the words of Boyan Slat, an engineer who designed the world's first ocean plastic cleanup system.

Every year, more than 8 million tons of plastics end up in our oceans, according to the UN Environment Programme. It is predicted that the weight of ocean plastics will match the weight of all the fish in our oceans by 2050. To prevent this from happening, in 2013 Slat created the Ocean Cleanup, an environmental non?governmental organization, and put his plan for an ocean cleanup device into action.
After years of research and develop?ment in the Netherlands, a device called System 001/B successfully started gathering plastics on October 2, 2019. The device uses a 600-meter-long C-shaped tube to gather all the floating rubbish. Unlike other cleanup methods, the system floats freely according to the direction of the waves, which allows waste to flow into and stay within the device. A sea anchor is attached to either end. This slows down the system as it floats through the water and allows the faster-moving rubbish, carried by the waves, to flow into its mouth. System 001/B can also collect waste below the surface using a 3-meter-deep skirt（擋板）attached to the end. After being gathered, the trash will be dragged back to shore by boat and recycled.
Right now, the system operates in the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, an area that is 3 times the size of France. Once operational, the Ocean Cleanup expects a full fleet to be able to clear 50% of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch in 5 years.
"It remains to be seen whether this dream will become a reality, but it is undeniable that humanity must work together to reduce our plastic use and repair the damage our waste has caused," Slat said. "We are starting to see a young generation that gets it and is excited about a sustainable （可持續(xù)的）future, but the question still comes down to: Are we going fast enough, and how much damage will have been done before we get there?"
12. The underlined word “match” in Paragraph 2 probably means “_________”.
A. compare B. equal
C. measure D. cover
13. Why did Boyan Slat create the Ocean Cleanup?
A. To collect ocean plastic waste.
B. To help to invent System 001/B.
C. To protect the living environment of fish.
D. To do research on the ocean environment.
14. What can we know about System 001/B?
A. It can collect and recycle garbage at the same time.
B. It can only gather ocean waste which floats on the water.
C. It aims to clear up the Great Pacific Garbage Patch in five years.
D. It is an ocean-cleaning device which has already been put to use.
15. What does Slat want to tell us according to the last paragraph?
A. Young generations care less about the environment.
B. The future ecology of the oceans is deeply worrying.
C. People should work hard to decrease plastic pollution.
D. It's quite difficult to repair the damage to the environment.
【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了海洋塑料污染嚴(yán)重，工程師斯萊特設(shè)計了世界上第一個海洋塑料清理系統(tǒng)。一種名為System 001/B的裝置于2019年10月2日成功地開始收集塑料。目前，該系統(tǒng)在太平洋垃圾場運行。人類必須共同努力，減少塑料的使用，并修復(fù)我們的廢物造成的破壞。
12.B 詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中的Every year, more than 8 million tons of plastics end up in our oceans, according to the UN Environment Programme.(根據(jù)聯(lián)合國環(huán)境規(guī)劃署的數(shù)據(jù)，每年有超過800萬噸的塑料最終進(jìn)入我們的海洋。)及match前的the weight of ocean plastics(海洋塑料的重量)及其后的the weight of all the fish in our oceans(我們海洋中所有魚類的重量)可知每年都有許多的塑料進(jìn)入海洋，根據(jù)邏輯推理知海洋塑料的重量將會與魚類的重量相等，可推測知match在此處意為“相等”，故選B項。
13.A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的It is predicted that the weight of ocean plastics will match the weight of all the fish in our oceans by 2050. To prevent this from happening, in 2013 Slat created the Ocean Cleanup(據(jù)預(yù)測，到 2050 年，海洋塑料的重量將與我們海洋中所有魚類的重量相匹配。為防止這種情況，Slat創(chuàng)立了The Ocean Cleanup)可知Slat創(chuàng)立The Ocean Cleanup是為了收集海洋塑料垃圾，防止塑料重量與魚類重量相等的狀況發(fā)生。故選A項。
14.D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的a device called System 001/B successfully started gathering plastics on October 2, 2019.(一種名為System 001/B的設(shè)備于2019年10月2日成功開始收集塑料)可知System 001/B是一種已經(jīng)投入使用的海洋清潔設(shè)備。故選D項。
15.C 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的it is undeniable that humanity must work together to reduce our plastic use and repair the damage our waste has caused(不可否認(rèn)的是，人類必須共同努力減少塑料的使用并修復(fù)我們的廢物造成的破壞。)可知Slat想傳達(dá)出人們應(yīng)該努力減少塑料污染。故選C項。

Section C
Directions: Read the following passages.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Your Next Nurse Could Be a Robot
Dr. De Momi, of the Politecnico di Milano (Italy), led an international team that trained a robot to imitate natural human actions. _____82_____ Over time this should lead to improvements in safety during surgeries because unlike their human counterparts robots do not tire and can complete an endless series of precise movements. The goal is not to remove human skill from the operating room, but to complement it with a robot’s particular skills and benefits.
“As a roboticist, I am convinced that robotic (co)workers and collaborators will definitely change the work market, but they won’t steal job opportunities. _____83_____” De Momi explains.
To conduct their experiment De Momi’s team photographed a human being conducting numerous reaching motions, in a way similar to handing instruments to a surgeon. These camera captures were input into the neural network of the robotic arm, which is crucial to controlling movements. Next a human operator guided the robotic arm in imitating the reaching motions that the human subject had initially performed. Although there was not a perfect overlap between the robotic and human actions, they were broadly similar.
_____84_____ These observers determined whether the actions of the robotic arms were “biologically inspired,” which would indicate that their neural networks had effectively learned to imitate human behavior. About 70% of the time this is exactly what the human observers concluded.
These results are promising, although further research is necessary to confirm or refine De Momi’s conclusions. If robotic arms can indeed imitate human behavior, it would be necessary to build conditions in which humans and robots can cooperate effectively in high stress environments like operating rooms. _____85_____ De Momi’s work is part of the growing field of healthcare robotics, which has the potential to change the way we receive health care sooner rather than later.
A. This future may not be as far away as we think.
B. Robots can’t successfully imitate doctors’ motions in the operating room.
C. Finally, several humans observed as the robotic arm made numerous motions.
D. The nursing assistant for your next trip to the hospital will still be a robot instead of human beings.
E. They will just allow us to decrease workload and achieve better performances in several tasks.
F. His work indicates that humans and robots can effectively cooperate during high-risk events such as surgeries.
【答案】82. F 83. E 84. C 85. A
【解析】
這是一篇說明文，文中講述意大利醫(yī)生培訓(xùn)了機(jī)器人去模仿人類的動作，這將會提高在手術(shù)室里醫(yī)生和機(jī)器人合作的效率。
【82題詳解】
上句“Dr. De Momi, of the Politecnico di Milano (Italy), led an international team that trained a robot to imitate natural human actions.”提到意大利 醫(yī)生De Momi帶領(lǐng)國際團(tuán)隊，培訓(xùn)機(jī)器人去模仿人類的動作，承接上文，F(xiàn)選項“他的工作表明人類和機(jī)器人能有效地在像手術(shù)這樣高風(fēng)險的事情中合作”切題。該選項中his work 與上句該醫(yī)生的做法是一致的 。故選F。
【83題詳解】
上句“As a roboticist, I am convinced that robotic (co)workers and collaborators will definitely change the work market, but they won’t steal job opportunities. ”提到作為機(jī)器人專家，我相信機(jī)器人工作人員將一定能改變工作市場，但是他們不會偷走工作機(jī)會，承接上文，E項“他們只是允許我們降低工作負(fù)擔(dān)，及在任務(wù)中表現(xiàn)的更好”切題，本句呼應(yīng)上文中，“機(jī)器人并不能完全代替人類，只是幫助人類做的更好”。故選E。
【84題詳解】
下句“These observers determined whether the actions of the robotic arms were “biologically inspired”中提到這些觀察者們講決定是否這些機(jī)器人的動作是受生理上的刺激。承接下文，C選項“最后，當(dāng)機(jī)器人的胳膊做動作的時候，有幾個人在觀察”切題，本句中observed與下句中observers相呼應(yīng)。故選C。
【85題詳解】
根據(jù)本段開頭句“These results are promising,”這些研究結(jié)果是有前途的”，呼應(yīng)本主題句，A選項“未來不會太遠(yuǎn)”切題，并且呼應(yīng)本段最后一句提到的“sooner rather than later ”。故選A。
第II卷
Section A
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1. 你們中有多少人將報名參加下周的校運動會？（sign）
2. 所有在場的人都反對花這么多的錢買這幅畫。（object）
3. 他工作了一整天，沒有吃任何東西，這使得他筋疲力盡。（which）
4. 聽到H1N1的傳播被有效控制的消息，政府決定獎勵那些為社會做出巨大貢獻(xiàn)的科學(xué)家。
1. How many of you are going to sign up for the school sports meeting next week?
2. All the people present objected to paying so much for the painting.
3. He worked all day without eating anything, which exhausted him.
4. Hearing the news that effective measures had been taken to prevent H1N1 from spreading, the government decided to reward the scientists who had made great contributions to society.

Section B
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假設(shè)你是育新中學(xué)學(xué)生王明。你校正開展“綠色校園”主題活動，通過校英語報向全校學(xué)生征集有助于節(jié)能的建議。你決定向校報投稿，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 你認(rèn)為校園里還可以采取哪些措施來達(dá)到節(jié)能的目的 （1至2個措施）
2. 這些措施如果實施，可以帶來怎樣的好處。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Editor,
I’m writing to offer some suggestions on the theme campaign of “Green Campus”. The following is what I have worked out for saving energy, the purpose of which is to make our school a better place to study and live in.
As a top priority, it’s necessary for us to take effective measures to protect our campus from pollution and waste. For example, we can call on students to switch off taps and lights after using them to save water and electricity. Secondly, I really suggest building a botanical garden in the school, for not only can it make our campus more beautiful and lively, but also provide us with a close contact with nature so that we may be deeply aware of the importance of energy-saving and protection of environment.
I would appreciate it very much if you could take my advice into account and I would be proud if my advice can be of help to save energy and build a greener campus.

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