高中英語上教版（2020）必修第二冊3 Progress精練-試卷下載-教習網(wǎng)

?Unit 3 Food
單元素養(yǎng)評估測試卷
第I卷
I. Listening Comprehension
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Section B
Social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years, ___1___ in the home or the workplace. Social robots are about to bring technology to the everyday world in a more humanized way, said Cynthia Breazeal, chief scientist at the robot company Jibo.
___2___ household robots today do the normal housework, social robots will be much more like companions than mere tools. For example, these robots will be able to distinguish when someone is happy or sad. This allows them ___3___ (respond) more appropriately to the user.
The Jibo robot, ___4___ (arrange) to ship later this year, is designed to be a personalized assistant. You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and make requests for it to perform different tasks. The robot doesn’t just deliver general answers to questions; it responds based on ___5___ it learns about each individual in the household. It can do things such as reminding an elderly family member to take medicine or taking family photos.
Social robots are not just finding their way into the home. They have potential applications ___6___ everything from education to health care and are already finding their way into some of these spaces.
Fellow Robots is one company ___7___ (bring) social robots to the market. The company’s “Oshbot” robot is built to assist customers in a store, ___8___ can help the customers find items and help guide them to the product’s location in the store. It can also speak different languages and make recommendations for different items based on what the customer is shopping for.
The more interaction the robot has with humans, ___9___ (much) it learns.But Oshbot, like other social robots, ___10___ (not intend) to replace workers, but to work alongside other employees. “We have technologies to train social robots to do things not for us, but with us,” said Breazeal.
【答案】1. either 2. while 3. to respond 4. arranged 5. what 6. in
7. bringing 8. which 9. the more 10. is not intended
【解析】
這是一篇應用文。文章介紹了社交機器人將以一種更人性化的方式把技術(shù)帶到日常世界。
【1題詳解】
考查固定搭配。句意：未來幾年，社交機器人將變得更加普遍，無論是在家里還是在工作場所。根據(jù)or the workplace，可知此處用either，固定短語either...or...“要么……要么……，不是……就是……”。故填either。
【2題詳解】
考查連接詞。句意：今天的家用機器人做著普通的家務，社交機器人將更像是伙伴而不僅僅是工具。根據(jù)social robots will be much more like companions than mere tools可知，前后句為對比轉(zhuǎn)折句，連詞while“雖然，在……期間，（對比兩件事物）……而”符合題意。故填while。
【3題詳解】
考查不定式。句意：這使它們能夠更適當?shù)仨憫脩?。根?jù)allows them可知，此處用不定式，短語allow sb. to do sth.“允許某人做某事”。故填to respond。
【4題詳解】
考查過去分詞作定語。句意：Jibo機器人將于今年遲點上市，它被設計成一個個性化的助手。arrange與the Jibo robot是邏輯動賓關(guān)系，應使用過去分詞作定語。故填arranged。
【5題詳解】
考查賓語從句的引導詞。句意：它的反應基于它對家庭中每個人的了解。此處是what引導的賓語從句，what在句子作learn的賓語。故填what。
【6題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：它們在從教育到醫(yī)療保健的各個領域都有潛在的應用，并且已經(jīng)在這些領域找到了自己的出路。根據(jù)everything from education to health care可知，用介詞in表示“在……方面”。故填in。
【7題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：Fellow Robots是一家將社交機器人推向市場的公司。此句已有謂語動詞is，此處要用非謂語動詞，且one company與動詞bring是主謂關(guān)系，應使用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填bringing。
【8題詳解】
考查非限制定語從句。句意：該公司的“Oshbot”機器人是用來幫助顧客進入商店的，它可以幫助顧客找到物品，并幫助引導他們到達產(chǎn)品在商店中的位置。代表前句內(nèi)容，且做后面句子主語，故填which。
【9題詳解】
考查固定句式。句意：機器人與人類互動越多，它的學習能力就越強。根據(jù)The more interaction the robot has with humans,可知用the more。句式The+比較級…, the+比較級…“越……越……”。故填the more。
【10題詳解】
考查被動語態(tài)。句意：但和其他社交機器人一樣，Oshbot并不是為了取代工人，而是為了和其他員工一起工作。短語be not intended to“不打算……”，主語為Oshbot，時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時。故填is not intended。

II. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Corporate scandals (丑聞), like political scandals, start with shocking revelation and then move inevitably into who-knew-what stage. This is where executives can start reestablishing their ____21____ —or deepen the damage.
Since they were forced to ____22____ one of the biggest frauds (欺詐行為) in auto industry history last month, the executives at Volkswagen have offered ____23____ and promised to fix the cheating devices wired into eleven millions of their diesel cars (柴油車). But they haven’t explained who ordered, ____24____ and designed the software that enabled the cars to cheat on emissions tests while emitting ____25____ on the road. Nor has Volkswagen said how and when it plans to fix the cars, which many customers bought in the belief that they were fuel ____26____ and clean.
On October 8, German prosecutors broke into the corporate offices as part of their investigation. Meanwhile, Matthias Muller, the ____27____ appointed chief executive, continued to insist that the former executive, Martin Winterkorn, who resigned shortly after the scandal, knew ____28____. “Do you really think that a chief executive had time for the inner functioning of engine software?” he said in a recent interview, as if the problem was some
____29____ shortcoming and not an elaborate effort to ____30____ regulators and customers around the world.
If Mr. Winterkorn was not responsible, who was? Nobody believes that the handful of senior managers could have ____31____ this scheme without any support. Hans-Dieter Potsch, a supervisory board chairman, issued a statement earlier this month, saying it would take time before Volkswagen could make ____32____ the findings of its internal investigations. “We must overcome the crisis,” he explained, “but we must also ensure that Volkswagen continues to grow.” That seems to miss the point that Volkswagen will neither overcome the crisis nor grow unless it can instantly produce some ___33___ answers and explanations.
Even if they manage to fix millions of cars, Volkswagen executives will still face an enormous ____34____ from lawsuits, lost sales and the ____35____ to Volkswagen’s reputation. There is no device to block the angry and urgent questions that they face. Apologizing is just the easy part.
21. A. reputation B. revenge C. responsibility D. revolution
22. A. commit B. recognize C. admit D. revise
23. A. gratitude B. apologies C. guidance D. authorities
24. A. approved B. chose C. withdrew D. undertook
25. A. light B. ashes C. smell D. pollutants
26. A. effective B. efficient C. extinct D. essential
27. A. officially B. voluntarily C. temporarily D. newly
28 A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything
29. A. minor B. major C. inferior D. superior
30. A. conceal B. confuse C. attract D. deceive
31. A. held on B. got rid of C. carried out D. made up
32. A. clear B. public C. possible D. convenient
33. A. convincing B. likely C. factual D. solid
34. A. conflict B. opportunities C. competitions D. challenges
35. A. response B. blow C. solution D. key
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇新聞報道。大眾汽車自上月被迫承認汽車行業(yè)歷史上最大的欺詐行為之一以來，大眾汽車高管已表示道歉，并承諾修復安裝在1100萬輛柴油車上的作弊設備。文章就這一事件展開，說明了大眾汽車高管對此事的態(tài)度和可能對大眾造成的影響。
【21題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在這里，高管們可以開始重建自己的聲譽——或者加深損害。A. reputation名譽；B. revenge復仇；C. responsibility責任；D. revolution革命。呼應最后一段中“to Volkswagen’s reputation”指大眾的欺騙行為使自己的聲譽受損。故選A。
【22題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：自上月被迫承認汽車行業(yè)歷史上最大的欺詐行為之一以來，大眾汽車高管已表示道歉，并承諾修復安裝在1100萬輛柴油車上的作弊設備。A. commit犯罪；B. recognize識別；C. admit承認；D. revise修訂。結(jié)合后文“and promised to fix the cheating devices wired into eleven millions of their diesel cars”大眾汽車高管承諾修復安裝在1100萬輛柴油車上的作弊設備，可推測他們已經(jīng)被迫承認犯下了欺詐行為。故選C。
【23題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：自上月被迫承認汽車行業(yè)歷史上最大的欺詐行為之一以來，大眾汽車高管已表示道歉，并承諾修復安裝在1100萬輛柴油車上的作弊設備。A. gratitude感激；B. apologies道歉；C. guidance指導；D. authorities權(quán)威。上文提到大眾汽車被迫承認了自己的欺詐行為，后文則說他們承諾修復安裝在1100萬輛柴油車上的作弊設備，可推測他們?yōu)樽约旱男袨楸硎玖说狼?。故選B。
【24題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但他們沒有解釋是誰下令、批準和設計了這種軟件，使汽車能夠在道路上排放污染物時在排放測試中作弊。A. approved批準；B. chose選擇；C. withdrew收回；D. undertook承擔。根據(jù)前后文“they haven’t explained who ordered, … and designed the software”可知，軟件先是由誰下令、批準和設計的，approve符合語境。故選A。
【25題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但他們沒有解釋是誰下令、批準和設計了這種軟件，使汽車能夠在道路上排放污染物時在排放測試中作弊。A. light光；B. ashes灰燼；C. smell氣味；D. pollutants污染物。結(jié)合上文“the cars to cheat on emissions tests while emitting”可知，此處指汽車在排放污染物時，還能通過排放測試。故選D。
【26題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：大眾也沒有說它計劃如何、何時修理這些汽車，許多消費者購買這些汽車是因為他們相信它們省油、清潔。A. effective有效的；B. efficient有效率的；C. extinct滅絕的；D. essential基本的。根據(jù)前后文“many customers bought in the belief that they were fuel … and clean”可知，許多顧客買這些汽車是因為汽車省油和清潔，fuel efficient“省油”。故選B。
【27題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：與此同時，新任首席執(zhí)行官Matthias Muller繼續(xù)堅稱，在丑聞發(fā)生后不久辭職的前首席執(zhí)行官Martin Winterkorn對此事一無所知。A. officially官方地；B. voluntarily自愿地；C. temporarily暫時地；D. newly新地，最近。根據(jù)后文“the former executive, Martin Winterkorn, who resigned shortly after the scandal”可知前首席執(zhí)行官Martin Winterkorn在丑聞發(fā)生后不久辭職，說明Matthias Muller是新上任的首席執(zhí)行官。故選D。
【28題詳解】
考查不定代詞辨析。句意：與此同時，新任首席執(zhí)行官Matthias Muller繼續(xù)堅稱，在丑聞發(fā)生后不久辭職的前首席執(zhí)行官Martin Winterkorn對此事一無所知。A. anything任何事；B. something某事；C. nothing沒有什么；D. everything一切。結(jié)合后文他的回答“Do you really think that a chief executive had time for the inner functioning of engine software?”可知，他通過反問來表達一位首席執(zhí)行官根本沒有時間研究引擎軟件的內(nèi)部功能，說明他堅稱前首席執(zhí)行官Martin Winterkorn對此事一無所知。故選C。
【29題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“你真的認為一位首席執(zhí)行官有時間研究引擎軟件的內(nèi)部功能嗎？”他在最近的一次采訪中表示，似乎這個問題只是一個小缺陷，而不是為了欺騙全球各地的監(jiān)管機構(gòu)和客戶而精心策劃的。A. minor次要的；B. major主要的；C. inferior差的；D. superior上級的。結(jié)合前后文語境“as if the problem was some … shortcoming”可知，Winterkorn說首席執(zhí)行官根本沒時間去研究汽車的內(nèi)部功能，說明他覺得這只是個小缺陷，并不是什么精心策劃的騙局。故選A。
【30題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“你真的認為一位首席執(zhí)行官有時間研究引擎軟件的內(nèi)部功能嗎？”他在最近的一次采訪中表示，似乎這個問題只是一個小缺陷，而不是為了欺騙全球各地的監(jiān)管機構(gòu)和客戶而精心策劃的。A. conceal隱藏；B. confuse使混亂；C. attract吸引；D. deceive欺騙。呼應第二段中“one of the biggest frauds in auto industry history last month”，指這一作弊行為不是為了欺騙全球各地的監(jiān)管機構(gòu)和客戶而精心策劃的。故選D。
【31題詳解】
考查動詞短語辨析。句意：沒有人相信，在沒有任何支持的情況下，少數(shù)幾位高級經(jīng)理能夠?qū)嵤┻@一計劃。A. held on繼續(xù)；B. got rid of擺脫；C. carried out實施；D. made up編造。根據(jù)后文賓語“this scheme”指實施計劃，應用carry out。故選C。
【32題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：本月早些時候，大眾監(jiān)事會主席Hans-Dieter Potsch發(fā)表聲明稱，大眾公布內(nèi)部調(diào)查結(jié)果還需要一段時間。A. clear清楚的；B. public公眾的；C. possible可能的；D. convenient方便的。結(jié)合前后文語境“make …the findings of its internal investigations”可知為短語make public表示“公開，公布”調(diào)查結(jié)果。故選B。
【33題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這似乎忽略了一點：除非大眾能立即拿出一些令人信服的答案和解釋，否則它既不會克服危機，也不會增長。A. convincing令人信服的；B. likely可能的；C. factual事實的；D. solid固體的。上文“Nobody believes that the handful of senior managers could”提到人們不相信這起欺詐行為是一些經(jīng)理實施的，說明人們需要大眾能拿出一些令人信服的答案和解釋。故選A。
【34題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：即使大眾汽車的高管們設法修復了數(shù)百萬輛汽車，他們?nèi)詫⒚媾R訴訟、銷售損失和聲譽受損等巨大挑戰(zhàn)。A. conflict沖突；B. opportunities機會；C. competitions比賽；D. challenges挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)后文“from lawsuits, lost sales and”列舉了大眾將面臨訴訟、銷售損失和聲譽受損等巨大挑戰(zhàn)。故選D。
【35題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：即使大眾汽車的高管們設法修復了數(shù)百萬輛汽車，他們?nèi)詫⒚媾R訴訟、銷售損失和聲譽受損等巨大挑戰(zhàn)。A. response回應；B. blow挫折，吹；C. solution解決方案；D. key關(guān)鍵。根據(jù)后文“to Volkswagen’s reputation”可知，大眾的欺詐行為使其名譽受到了打擊和損害，blow to表示“打擊”。故選B。
Section B
(A)
To take the apple as forbidden fruit is the most unlikely story the Christians (基督徒) have ever cooked up. For them, the forbidden fruit from Eden is evil. So when Columbus brought the tomato back from South America, a land mistakenly considered to be Eden, everyone jumped to the obvious conclusion. Wrongly taken as the apple of Eden, the tomato was shut out of the door of Europeans.
What made it particularly terrifying was its similarity to the mandrake, a plant that thought to have come from Hell. What earned the plant its awful reputation was its roots which looked like a dried-up human body occupied by evil spirits. Though the tomato and the mandrake were quite different except that both had bright red or yellow fruit, the general population considered them one and the same, too terrible to touch.
Cautious Europeans long ignored the tomato, and until the early 1700s most of the Western people continued to drag their feet. In the 1880s, the daughter of a well-known plant expert wrote that the most interesting part of an afternoon tea at her father’s house had been the “introduction of this wonderful new fruit — or is it a vegetable?” As late as the twentieth century some writers still classed tomatoes with mandrakes as an “evil fruit”.
But in the end tomatoes carried the day. The hero of the tomato was an American named Robert Johnson, and when he was publicly going to eat the tomato in 1820, people journeyed for hundreds of miles to watch him drop dead. “What are you afraid of?” he shouted. “I’ll show you fools that these things are good to eat!” Then he bit into the tomato. Some people fainted. But he survived and, according to a local story set up a tomato-canning factory.
36. The tomato was shut out of the door of early Europeans mainly because __________.
A. it made Christians evil
B. it was the apple of Eden
C. it came from a forbidden land
D. it was religiously unacceptable
37. What is the main reason for Robert Johnson to eat the tomato publicly?
A. To make himself a hero.
B. To remove people’s fear of the tomato.
C. To speed up the popularity of the tomato.
D. To persuade people to buy products from his factory.
38. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To challenge people’s fixed concepts of the tomato.
B. To give an explanation to people’s dislike of the tomato.
C. To present the change of people’s attitudes to the tomato.
D. To show the process of freeing the tomato from religious influence.
【答案】36. D 37. B 38. C
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文主要講的是西紅柿在剛開始進入西方社會的時候，被人們認為是禁果，不能食用。這樣的情況持續(xù)了很久，后來在一些勇敢者嘗試了以后，被人們所接受，人們對西紅柿的態(tài)度發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)變。
【36題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“For them, the forbidden fruit from Eden is evil. So when Columbus brought the tomato back from South America, a land mistakenly considered to be Eden, everyone jumped to the obvious conclusion. Wrongly taken as the apple of Eden, the tomato was shut out of the door of Europeans.(對他們來說，伊甸園里的禁果是邪惡的。因此，當哥倫布從被錯誤地認為是伊甸園的南美洲帶回西紅柿時，每個人都得出了顯而易見的結(jié)論。西紅柿被錯誤地視為伊甸園中的蘋果，因此歐洲人把它拒之門外)”可知，在基督教里西紅柿被當成了禁果，主要是因為宗教方面的原因，故選D項。
【37題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后三行““What are you afraid of?” he shouted. “I’ll show you fools that these things are good to eat!” Then he bit into the tomato. Some people fainted. But he survived and, according to a local story set up a tomato-canning factory.(“你在害怕什么？”他喊道?！拔乙屇銈冞@些傻瓜知道這些東西很好吃！”然后他咬了一口西紅柿。有些人暈倒。但他活了下來，根據(jù)當?shù)氐囊粋€故事，建立了一個番茄罐頭工廠)”可知，羅伯特·約翰遜當眾吃西紅柿是為了告訴人們西紅柿可以吃，是為了去除人們的偏見。故選B項。
【38題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段人們對西紅柿的態(tài)度“Wrongly taken as the apple of Eden, the tomato was shut out of the door of Europeans.(西紅柿被錯誤地視為伊甸園中的蘋果，因此歐洲人把它拒之門外)”到最后一段“But in the end tomatoes carried the day.(但最后西紅柿還是占上風)”以及文章大意可知，本文主要講述的是人們對西紅柿的態(tài)度的轉(zhuǎn)變。故選C項。
(B)
What’s better than a video game that your kids can play over and over again? A membership to one of the many exciting places in Seattle that your kids visit over and over again (for a year at least). Click to join us and read on for our top picks.
Woodland Park Zoo
The Park Zoo was the most highly sought after membership by families in the Seattle area, and for good reason: there’s something for everyone! In addition to the hundreds of animals found throughout the 92 acres, there are plenty of outdoor spaces to run around (including playgrounds).
Tel: 206-5428-2500
Online: zoo.org
Annual Membership: $69/Flexible Guest Adult; $49/Named Adult; $19/Child; Under 2 Free
Point Defiance Zoo
Point Defiance Zoo is the only combined zoo and aquarium in the Pacific Northwest spread out over 29 acres. Your kids will enjoy getting up close and personal to the live sharks, riding a camel and exploring the interactive Kids’ Zone.
Tel: 253-591-5337
Online: pdza.org
Annual Membership: $124/Household; $105/Two adults; $24/Child
Seattle Aquarium
The Aquarium is particularly great for any budding environmentalists in your family who want to learn more about conservation efforts that affect the waters in the Pacific Northwest.
Tel: 206-386-4300
Online: seattleaquarium.org
Annual Membership: $189/Family Plus (2 adults, 5 children, 1 guest); $149/Family (2 adults, 5 children)
Museum of Flight
The Museum is the perfect indoor place to free your kids to dream big about the wide world. With all sorts of planes that you can see, touch and climb inside, this museum fulfills your flight dream.
Tel: 206-764-5700
Online: museumofflight.org
Annual Membership: $100/Family; $75/Two Adults
1. What do these places have in common?
A. They are all in Seattle. B. Kids can see animals there.
C. They all have outdoor activities. D. Members can get free admission.
2. Which place is favored by aircraft lovers?
A. Woodland Park Zoo. B. Point Defiance Zoo.
C. Seattle Aquarium. D. Museum of Flight.
3. How much does it cost for a family to visit Point Defiance Zoo?
A. $117. B. $124. C. $129. D. $148.
【解析】這是一篇廣告文，文章主要提供了一些適合西雅圖地區(qū)家庭出行游玩場所。
1.A 【解析】【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一部分“A membership to one of the many exciting places in Seattle that your kids visit over and over again (for a year at least).”可推斷這些地方都來自Seattle，因此答案是A。
2.D 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五部分“With all sorts of planes that you can see, touch and climb inside, this museum fulfills your flight dream.”可知答案為D。
3.B 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三部分“$124/Household”可知一家人的費用就是124美元。
(C)
In recent years, 3D printers have mostly been used to create small, specialized items. This includes parts for automobiles, airplanes and medical devices. Many consumer products can also be 3D printed as well, from clothes to foods. Now, an increasing number of startup(新創(chuàng)辦的)companies are using 3D printing to build entire homes. Since the technology is still developing, not many have yet been built. However, the top companies plan to greatly increase production in the coming years.
The startup company Icon, based in Austin, Texas, made news in 2018 by completing the first permitted 3D printed home in the U. S. At the time, it said the home had been built in just a day. Since then, the company says it has been developing new technologies in robotics, software and manufacturing materials. It designed its own 3D printer and said the robot-powered machine could create structures up to 185 square meters. The printing process uses a cement-based mixture that Icon says is stronger and saves more money than traditional building materials.
To date, Icon has completed 24 3D printed homes in the U. S. and Mexico. Among them was a community of 3D printed homes in a poor neighborhood in Mexico. The company has also completed a series of structures for homeless people in Austin. And it says it plans to open America's first housing development of 3D printed homes this summer.
A New York company, SQ4D, also uses 3D printing technology to build homes. In February, the company showed off a 130-square-meter model home to demonstrate (證明) its printer'sabilities. SQ4D plans to sell its homes starting at $299,000. The company has even started listing the homes on the Internet selling site Zillow. Kirk Andersen is SQ4D's director of operations. He told Reuters the 3D printer will permit buyers to easily create their own home design, room by room.
While 3 D printing as a home building method is just getting started, Andersen said others in the construction industry need to get prepared for big changes. “This is the beginning. This is just scratching the surface,” he said.
12. What can we learn about 3D printing technology from Paragraph 1?
A. It needs to be perfected. B. It enjoys the highest status.
C. It is being used for building homes. D. It helps produce some large and unique items.
13. What feature do 3D printed homes have when compared with traditional building methods?
A. They're more comfortable. B. They're more environment-friendly.
C. They're more complex. D. They're less expensive.
14. What is Andersen's attitude to the future of 3D printing as a home building way?
A. Concerned. B. Favorable. C. Doubtful. D. Indifferent.
15. What is the main idea of the text?
A. The development of smart homes. B. The importance of 3D printers.
C. 3D printing in building homes. D. Construction industry's future.
【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了3D打印機的用途，特別是在建設房屋方面的用途。
12. 【答案】C
【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第四句可知，3D打印技術(shù)正用于房屋建設中,由此可知答案選C。
13. 【答案】D
【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段The printing process uses a cement-based mixture that Icon says is stronger and saves more money than traditional building materials. 可知，與傳統(tǒng)的建筑方法相比，3D打印的房屋能夠省錢。
14. 【答案】B
【解析】觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段Andersen said others in the construction industry need to get prepared for big changes. 并結(jié)合Andersen 所說的話可知，該項技術(shù)有很廣闊的前景，因此他很支持這項技術(shù)。
15. 【答案】C
【解析】主旨大意題。本文主要講述了3D打印機在房屋建設方面的作用，因此選項C符合。

Section C
Directions: Read the following passages.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
It doesn’t seem that US singer Bob Dylan has much in common with literary mavens like Ernest Hemingway and T.S. Elliot. ___54___.This year’s prize makes Dylan the first American since Toni Morrison in 1993 to win the title. At the same time, the surprise announcement has also ignited a firestorm of discussion around the globe.
Influential US writer Jodi Picoult joked that she might now deserve a Grammy. And well-known British-Indian novelist Hari Kunzru lamented on social media by saying: “This feels like the lamest Nobel win since they gave it to Obama for not being Bush.”
Dylan’s new status — a musician awarded the Nobel Prize for literature–to a degree defies convention. However, this is by no means his first prize for his writing talents. Back in 2008, the Pulitzer Prize jury awarded Dylan a special citation “for his profound impact on popular music and American culture, marked by lyrical compositions of extraordinary poetic power”. ___55___.
___56___. Protest songs like Blowin in the Wind (1962) were the anthems of anti-war and civil rights movements in 1960s US. Densely poetic and image-rich songs such as Mr. Tambourine Man (1965) pushed the folk-rock movement. And even today, many of Dylan’s songs are still relevant and streamed regularly by people all over the world.
In a speech during the MusiCares pre-Grammy honors in 2015, Dylan revealed how he uses lyrics to document American culture and create an American songbook of his own. “I learned lyrics and how to write them from listening to folk songs,” said Dylan. “And I played them, and I met other people that played them, back when nobody was doing it.”
___57___. “From Orpheus to Faiz, song & poetry have been closely linked,” Salman Rushdie, the Indian-born novelist also thought to have been a candidate for the prize, told The New York Times. “Dylan is the brilliant inheritor of the bardic tradition,” Rushdie added. “Great choice.”
A. There is nothing more honorable to win praise from one’s competitors.
B. In this sense, it could be argued that what the Nobel Committee is doing is simply reinforcing Dylan’s unshakable standing in the world of literature.
C. Dylan’s competitors questioned his winning the Nobel Prize for literature.
D. But, last week, these three figures became forever bonded by the Nobel Prize for literature.
E. Therefore, the Nobel committee just holds a different opinion from that of Pulitzer Prize jury.
F. The words behind Dylan’s songs address social issues and have been transmitted from generation to generation.
【答案】54. D 55. B 56. F 57. A
【解析】
這是一篇新聞報道。講述了美國民謠歌手鮑勃?迪倫在上周獲得諾貝爾文學獎，這使得迪倫成為自1993年托尼·莫里森以來第一個獲得該獎項的美國人。與此同時，這一出人意料的聲明也在全球范圍內(nèi)引發(fā)了激烈的討論。
【54題詳解】
根據(jù)上一句It doesn’t seem that US singer Bob Dylan has much in common with literary mavens like Ernest Hemingway and T.S. Elliot.美國歌手鮑勃?迪倫似乎與歐內(nèi)斯特?海明威和T.S.艾略特等文學大師并無多少共同之處?？芍?，此處描述內(nèi)容是與他們?nèi)齻€人有關(guān)，選項D“但是，上周，這三個人被諾貝爾文學獎永遠地聯(lián)系在了一起?！狈项}意。故選D項。
【55題詳解】
根據(jù)上一句Back in 2008, the Pulitzer Prize jury awarded Dylan a special citation “for his profound impact on popular music and American culture, marked by lyrical compositions of extraordinary poetic power”.早在2008年，普利策獎評委會就給迪倫頒發(fā)了一個特別獎，“以他對流行音樂和美國文化的深遠影響為標志，其歌詞創(chuàng)作具有非凡的詩意力量”可知，此處描述內(nèi)容應該與上文其他獎項給他的榮譽有關(guān)，選項B“從這個意義上說，可以說諾貝爾委員會所做的只是強化了迪倫在文學世界中不可動搖的地位?！狈项}意。故選B項。
【56題詳解】
根據(jù)下文Protest songs like Blowin in the Wind (1962) were the anthems of anti-war and civil rights movements in 1960s US. Densely poetic and image-rich songs such as Mr. Tambourine Man (1965) pushed the folk-rock movement. 《飄在風中》(1962)等抗議歌曲是20世紀60年代美國反戰(zhàn)和民權(quán)運動的頌歌。充滿詩意和意象豐富的歌曲，如《鈴鼓人》(1965)推動了民謠搖滾運動?？芍颂幬挥诰涫?，是本段主題句，描述內(nèi)容應該是迪倫的歌曲對當時社會的反映，選項F“迪倫歌曲背后的歌詞表達了社會問題，并代代相傳?！狈项}意。故選F項。
【57題詳解】
根據(jù)下一句“From Orpheus to Faiz, song & poetry have been closely linked,” Salman Rushdie, the Indian-born novelist also thought to have been a candidate for the prize, told The New York Times.“從俄耳甫斯到法伊茲，歌曲和詩歌一直緊密相連，”印度出生的小說家薩爾曼·拉什迪告訴《紐約時報》，他也被認為是諾貝爾文學獎的候選人之一?？芍?，此處位于句首，是本段主題句，描述內(nèi)容應該與迪倫的競爭對手有關(guān)，選項A“沒有什么比贏得競爭對手的贊揚更光榮的事了。”符合題意。故選A項。
第II卷
Writing
Section A
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1. 今晚有場音樂會以表彰將要退休的教師。（honor）
2. 地震對居民造成的損害很小，這使當?shù)卣謱捨俊?relief)
3. 我相信，在雙方的共同努力和密切合作下，我們會找到有關(guān)問題的妥善解決方法。(convince)
4. 直到最近幾年病人才能很便捷地下載他們的醫(yī)療記錄以獲取如檢測結(jié)果之類的信息。(access)
1.【答案】There will be a concert tonight in honor of the teacher(s) who will retire.
【解析】考查時態(tài)，名詞和句型。分析句子可知，主句用there be句型，由時間狀語tonight可知，用一般將來時，真正的主語是音樂會，用單數(shù)，表示“為了表彰”用短語in honor of；修飾名詞teacher“教師”用定語從句，從句中作主語，指人，用關(guān)系代詞who，表示“將要退休的”用將來時，retire“退休”，故從句為who will retire。故譯為There will be a concert tonight in honor of the teacher(s) who will retire.
2.【答案】Much to the local government’s relief, the earthquake caused little damage to the residents.
【解析】考查固定短語和時態(tài)。分析所給漢語意思可知，本句中“使……感到寬慰的是”可以使用“to one’s + relief”的結(jié)構(gòu)，它在句子中作狀語，“當?shù)卣睘椤?the local government”，則“這使當?shù)卣謱捨俊笨梢苑g為“much to the local government’s relief”； “對……造成損害”可翻譯為“cause damage to”，“地震對居民造成的損害很小”是發(fā)生在過去的事情，句子應該使用一般過去時，則其可以翻譯為“The earthquake caused little damage to the residents.”，故本句可譯為：Much to the local government’s relief, the earthquake caused little damage to the residents.
3.答案】I am convinced that with joint efforts and close cooperation of both sides, we can / will find a proper solution to the related/relevant issue/problem.
【解析】考查時態(tài)和賓語從句。句子是敘述現(xiàn)在的情況，應該用一般現(xiàn)在時；“相信”是短語be convinced …；后接that引導的賓語從句；“在雙方的共同努力和密切合作下”是短語with joint efforts and close cooperation of both sides；“找到……的解決方法”是短語find a solution to…，“有關(guān)的問題”是短語the related/relevant issue/problem。故翻譯為I am convinced that with joint efforts and close cooperation of both sides, we can / will find a proper solution to the related/relevant issue/problem。
4.【答案】Patients can’t conveniently download their medical records to access / have access to information such as / like the test results until recent years.
【解析】考查時態(tài)和時間狀語從句。句子是敘述現(xiàn)在的情況，應該用一般現(xiàn)在時；“直到……才”是not…until引導的時間狀語從句；“便捷地”是副詞conveniently；“下載醫(yī)療記錄”是動詞短語download medical records，“獲取”可用動詞access，也可用動詞短語have access to；“以獲取……”是目的狀語，應用不定式作目的狀語，表達為“to access / have access to…”；“如……之類”是短語such as 或like，“最近幾年”是短語 recent years；“檢測結(jié)果”the test results。故翻譯為Patients can’t conveniently download their medical records to access / have access to information such as / like the test results until recent years。

Section B
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假設你是育新中學學生王明，你校正在開展“綠色校園”主題活動，通過校英語報向全校學生政績有助于節(jié)能的建議。你決定向校報投稿，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 你認為校園里還可以采取哪些措施來達到節(jié)能的目的（1至2個措施）；
2. 這些措施如何實施，可以帶來怎樣的好處。
Dear Editor,
I’m writing to offer some suggestions on the theme campaign of “Green Campus”. The following is what I have worked out for saving energy, the purpose of which is to make our school a better place to study and live in.
As a top priority, it’s necessary for us to take effective measures to save every drop of water and avoid waste. For example, we can call on students to switch off taps and lights after using them to save water and electricity. Secondly, I really suggest building a botanical garden on school campus, using recycled water and rain for irrigation. Through a close contact with nature, not only can we enjoy a more beautiful and lively campus, but we will also be more deeply aware of the importance of energy-saving and protection of the environment.
I would appreciate it very much if you could take my advice into account and I would be proud if my advice can be of help to save energy and build a greener campus.
Yours sincerely,
Wang Ming

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