專題04 閱讀理解B篇-沖刺2022年中考英語重難題型考前突破（廣東專用）-試卷下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

閱讀理解題包括三篇不同體裁、不同題材的文章，15小題，每小題2分，共30分。文章體裁主要包括應(yīng)用文、說明文。題型均為客觀選擇題，主要有三種形式。
1.細(xì)節(jié)題
考查文章具體的細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容，如：時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件經(jīng)過、方式、結(jié)果等。細(xì)節(jié)題基本上能在原文中找到答案。
2.概括題
從文章的整體層面上設(shè)計(jì)的一類綜合性題目。如：為文章選擇一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)臉?biāo)題、推測(cè)本文作者想表達(dá)的中心思想以及寫作目的，或從文章內(nèi)容我們能學(xué)到什么等。這種題目，我們要選擇概括性比較強(qiáng)的答案，避免片面和絕對(duì)的答案。
3.推測(cè)題
需要建立在對(duì)整篇文章內(nèi)容熟悉掌握的基礎(chǔ)上。主要出題形式有：根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，猜測(cè)某一個(gè)單詞或短語在該情景中的具體含義；根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容推測(cè)文章的結(jié)尾等。
選材特點(diǎn)分析
A篇和B篇的考點(diǎn)分析
解題策略
1.重點(diǎn)是通過標(biāo)題把握文章主旨大意。
2.速讀文章，掌握文章概要。
3.研讀題目，抓住要點(diǎn)。
4.復(fù)讀全文，核對(duì)答案。
Exercise 1
（2022·河南鄭州·二模）
Imagine this, smebdy hides free bks n the subway fr yu t find and read. Sunds exciting? Well, British actress Emma Watsn, 26, is ding it! She is knwn fr acting as Hermine Granger in the Harry Ptter mvies.
Watsn hid 100 cpies f a bk called Mm&Me&Mm (2013) n Lndn’s subway. The bk is frm US writer Maya Angelu. It tells abut the writer’s relatinship with her mther. Watsn wrte f the bk. “This bk is ne I have read befre and is ne f my favrites. I can’t wait t hear yur thughts!” These bks were put in different places n the subway. Peple saw Watsn ding the same thing n the New Yrk Subway this mnth.
With each bk, there is a handwritten nte by Watsn. She asked peple t “take special care f the bks” if they fund them. She als wrte that “when yu are finished, please leave it n the subway again fr smene else t find”.
Watsn’s wrk is part f a mvement called Bks n the Undergrund. It calls n peple t leave their bks n the subway, s ther peple can enjy them t.
Hllie Beltn, a wman in Lndn, started the mvement in 2012. She lves reading n the subway. She nticed that a lt f peple shared her habit, s she gt the idea. Over the years, Beltn has left ver 2,000 bks f her wn. The mvement has attracted mre and mre peple.
Watsn is a bk lver as well. That’s why she tried it. Earlier this year, Watsn set up her wn nline bk club Our Shared Shelf. She reads a bk every mnth with thers. Mm&Me&Mm is the club’s bk fr Nvember.
() 1．Wh wrte the bk Mm&Me&Mm?
A．Maya Angelu.B．Hllie Beltn.C．Emma Watsn.D．Harry Ptter.
() 2．What can we knw abut Emma Watsn frm the text?
A．She ften takes the subway.B．She lves reading n the subway.
C．She is an actress wh lves reading.D．She ften writes bks n the subway.
() 3．What can we infer (推斷) frm the text?
A．Subways are the best place t sell bks.
B．Mre and mre peple begin t take the subway.
C．Emma Watsn made a lt f mney by selling bks nline.
D．Emma Watsn likes sharing her feelings abut bks with thers.
() 4．If a passenger finds a hidden bk n the subway, ________.
A．he must return it t Emma Watsn
B．he can find a pht f Emma’s in the bk
C．he can read it fr free withut taking it away
D．he can exchange his thughts with Emma n the subway
() 5．The text mainly talks abut ________.
A．Emma Watsn’s favrite bkB．hw kind and helpful Emma Watsn is
C．why Hllie Beltn started the reading prjectD．a(chǎn) mvement called Bks n the Undergrund
Exercise 2
（2022·浙江·湖州市南潯區(qū)南潯錦繡實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校一模改編）
Earlier this year, China’s educatin system annunced a new “Duble Reductin” plicy (雙減政策), “Duble Reductin” refers t a reductin in the ttal amunt and time f schl hmewrk and a reductin f after-schl training prgrams.
“The plicy really helps me.” Shen Yuzhe, a 13-year-ld by frm Beijing said. He is happy that he has less hmewrk than befre and he can finish it at schl with n need t take it hme, “I’m als happy t find there are fewer exams. Besides, teachers nw teach at a much slwer pace s that we have enugh time t understand what we have learned. We dn’t need t buy wrkbks any mre and the exercises are mainly frm the textbk.” Shen Yuzhe said.
“The best thing abut the ’Duble Reductin’ is the increased time in after-schl activities such as dancing, vlleyball and drama.” Zhang Hangming frm Tianjin is als excited. He has jined a grup called “l(fā)eadership develpment” learning all kinds f useful skills. He likes it because teachers are als giving them mre chances t learn frm real life. Fr example, they went t research plants in a field during a science class. He believes that is a much better way t learn than just hitting the bks.
Sme peple welcme the plicy while thers are still wrried. Yu Zhiyue, a middle schl student in Jiangsu still feels tired. “With the ‘Duble Reductin’, I have really gt less hmewrk t d. But my mther is wrried that I will lse the chance t review what I’ve learnt in class withut enugh hmewrk. S I have lts f after-schl classes. Since I can nly take these classes n weekdays nw, weekdays have becme especially lng and tiring fr me. Frm Mnday t Friday, I need t take nline classes at hme after I cme back frm schl.” she said. “My parents tld me the plicy had changed but the cmpetitin had nt gne away.”
() 1．The underlined wrd “amunt” means ________.
A．mneyB．quantityC．ltD．difficulty
() 2．Shen Yuzhe likes the plicy because ________.
A．he has less hmewrk and fewer examsB．he has mre after-schl activities
C．he takes after-schl classes n weekdaysD．he has chances t learn frm real life
() 3．Yu Zhiyue’s mther may agree that ________.
A．children shuld have time t relaxB．it’s better t learn by reading bks
C．children sill need t study very hardD．it’s imprtant t develp useful skills
() 4. Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE?
A．All the students’ parents are wrried abut their studies.
B．Zhang likes the “Duble Reductin” plicy because teachers give them chances t learn frm real life.
C．Yu Zhiyue can als take classes n weekends.
D．Althugh the plicy has changed, the stress f sme students had nt gne away.
() 5．The purpse f the passage is t ________.
A．shw the influence f the plicy n studentsB．intrduce the imprtance f the plicy
C．explain the reasn why he plicy is ppularD．encurage students t d less hmewrk
Exercise 3
（2022·廣東深圳·一模）
D yu knw 5G? It is the fifth generatin（代）f mbile netwrk technlgy. These new netwrks are cming.
China just issued cmmercial licenses（發(fā)放商用牌照）fr 5G n June 6, 2019. This means that China's telecm cmpanies will be able t ffer 5G netwrks fr mbile phne users.
Each mbile netwrk generatin is faster and mre pwerful than the ne befre it. 1G let us talk t each ther. 2G let us send messages. 3G gave us data（數(shù)據(jù)）and the Internet. And 4G made all f these things faster. What's special abut 5G?
5G has a very shrt delay between sending and receiving infrmatin. Nw, 4G takes abut 100 t 200 millisecnds（毫秒）t send and receive data. But 5G will get it dwn t 1 millisecnd r less-this is almst real-time.
'This big change will nt nly make ur mbile Internet faster，but als deeply change ur lives. Read n t find ut hw.
5G + entertainment（娛樂）
5G netwrks are abut 100 times faster than 4G. This means yu can dwnlad a mvie in secnds using 5G.
Als, virtual reality（VR）games will becme mre ppular with 5G. The shrt delay f 5G will make the games feel even mre real.
5G + transprt
5C will als bring us safer self-driving cars. These cars can send signals（信號(hào)）t each ther. They als talk t traffic lights and rad sensrs（傳感器）. 5G will allw cars t react（反應(yīng)）even faster than human drivers.
5G + smart hmes
5G als makes the Internet f things pssible. Internet f things is a large netwrk that cnnects everything t the Internet. Smart hmes are part f it.
Fr example, yur taster can autmatically（自動(dòng)地）start making breakfast after yur alarm rings. And if its sensr feels the air becming dry, a smart sprinkler（灑水器）culd water yur plants by itself.
() 1．What's the writer's purpse in writing the third paragraph?
A．T explain 5G is the best f all.
B．T share his knwledge abut 5G.
C．T encurage peple t use the new netwrk technlgy.
D．T shw the develpment f mbile netwrk technlgy.
() 2．What des the underlined wrd “delay” in paragraph 4 mean in Chinese?
A．卡頓B．延時(shí)C．暫停D．掉線
() 3．Which f the fllwing ways is nt mentined that 5G will change peple's lives?
A．Health careB．Entertainment.C．Transprt.D．Smart hmes.
() 4．What will peple d pssibly with 5G accrding t the passage?
A．Dwnlad a mvie in minutes.B．Put everything nt the Internet.
C．Make self-driving cars safer.D．Make fd mre easily and faster.
() 5．What's the main idea f the passage?
A．5G will change ur lives in many ways.B．Mbile netwrks are changing fr better.
C．5G will make the Internet f things pssible.D．5G netwrks fr mbile phne users are cming.
Exercise 4
（2022·云南昆明·一模）
The spaceship and three astrnauts f the Shenzhu XIII task were successfully sent t the Tiangng space statin n Oct. 16, 2021.
The members f China’s Shenzhu XIII task, Wang Yaping, Zhai Zhigang and Ye Guangfu, gave a lecture t students arund the wrld n Dec. 9, 2021. The lecture meant the beginning f the Heavenly Palace Class(天宮課堂). This was the first try f it. During the lecture, the astrnauts shwed the space statin, their scientific experiments and sme interesting physical phenmena(現(xiàn)象) t the students. The secnd Heavenly Palace Class was n Mar. 23, 2022. Certainly, they were special, interesting and fantastic lectures all ver the wrld.
Wang Yaping als tk part in the Shenzhu X task that lasted nearly 15 days n Jun. 11, 2013. During that task, she carried ut the natin’s first space-based lecture t Chinese students n Jun. 20, 2013. The activity made China, fllwing the United States, the secnd cuntry t have held a space-based class fr students.
In the future, the Heavenly Palace Class will encurage mre yung peple t study science and technlgy and learn smething mre abut the space.
() 1．What des the underlined wrd “it” refer t?
A．TiangngB．Shenzhu XC．Heavenly Palace ClassD．Shenzhu XIII
() 2．Hw many cuntries have held a space-based class s far?
A．1B．2C．3D．4
() 3．What’s the crrect rder fr the fllwing events abut Wang Yaping?
a. She was successfully sent t Tiangng space statin.
b. She and the ther tw astrnauts gave a lecture t students arund the wrld.
c. She tk part in the 15-day Shenzhu X task.
d. She carried ut the natin’s first space-based lecture in the Shenzhu X.
A． a-b-c-d B． c-d-a-b C． c-d-b-a D． a-b-d-c
() 4．What’s the purpse f the Heavenly Palace Class?
A．T give a special lecture t the public.
B．T intrduce sme interesting physical phenmena.
C．T shw the prgress China has made n space research.
D．T encurage students t learn abut science, technlgy and space.
() 5．What is the passage mainly abut?
A．The Shenzhu XIIIB．The land f Shenzhu XIII
C．The histry f Shenzhu taskD．An intrductin f Heavenly Palace Class
Exercise 5
（2022·福建龍巖·九年級(jí)期末）
“Five, fur, three, tw, ne, blast ff.” At 0:23 n Octber 16, 2021, China launched the manned spaceship Shenzhu-13, sending three astrnauts t its Tiangng space statin. Abut 6.5 hurs after the launch, the spaceship successfully dcked (對(duì)接) with the Tianhe cre mdule f the statin.
The three - persn team is the secnd crew (工作組) t have entered Tiangng. The team is led by China’s first spacewalker Zhai Zhigang. The ther tw astrnauts are Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu. They will live and wrk tgether at the statin fr six mnths. This will be China’s lngest-ever manned missin.
During their six-mnth stay, the crew will carry ut a number f tasks. Fr example, they will d tw t three spacewalks t fix equipment in preparatin fr future cnstructin wrk. Wang Yaping, the first Chinese wman t perfrm spacewalk, said “Apart frm the tasks, we als hpe t d mre space science educatin. This will bring space clser t the general public. As a result, they will learn mre abut the astrnauts’ life in space.”
Shenzhu-13 was China’s last majr space missin in 2021. Anther six missins are planned fr this year t finish the cnstructin f the space statin. Once its cmpleted, Tangng will be abut ne-fifth the size f the Internainal Space Statin (ISS). The ISS will reach the end f its life in 2024. Tangng is likely t be the nly peratinal near-Earth rbit (近地軌道) space statin by then. China lks frward t hsting astrnauts frm ther cuntries.
Denis Simn, at Duke Law in the US, tld Xinhua that China’s success in space cntinues t be impressive (令人贊嘆的). “It is nw well n is way t being a leader in space explratin.” he said.
() 1．Shenzhu-13 will prbably return t the earth in _________ .
A．March, 2022B．April, 2022.C．March, 2024.D．April, 2024.
() 2．The third paragraph is mainly abut the crew’s _________ .
A．planB．lifeC．spacewalkD．wrk
() 3．What can we knw abut Tiangng space statin?
A．The crew have entered Tiangng twice.
B．The cnstructin f Tiangng will be finished in 6 mnths.
C．The size f Tiangng will be 25% f ISS in 2024.
D．Tiangng will welcme freign astrnauts in the future.
() 4．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the text?
A．It tk Shenzhu-136.5 days t dck with the Tianhe cre mdule.
B．Wang Yaping was the first Chinese wman t perfrm a spacewalk.
C．This space trip will be China’s shrtest-ever crewed missin.
D．Shenzhu-13 was the first majr space missin in 2021.
() 5．The passage is written mainly t ________ .
A．shw China’s achievements in space field.
B．intrduce the missins f Shenzhu-13.
C．explain the success f launching Shenzhu-13.
D．describe the imprtance f Tiangng space statin.
Exercise 6
（2022·浙江溫州·一模改編）
Have yu tasted ne snack as well as the traditinal Chinese frm f art knwn as sugar painting?
Sugar painting can be fund in sutheastern areas f China, but is especially fund arund Sichuan Prvince alng the streets r in the parks. Sugar painting culd date back t the Ming Dynasty when sugar animals and figures were made in mlds. In the Qing Dynasty, sugar painting gained mre ppularity. At that time, many peple made a living by sugar painting.
The artists nrmally sit befre a shining marble in the frnt. On the side there is a wden plate with a mvable bamb arrw n it. The plate is painted with varius patterns in a circle such as a dragn, bird, dg, flwer basket and s n. After paying, the custmers, nrmally kids, turn the arrw and wait till it stps. The pattern pinted by the arrw is the ne the artist is suppsed t make with sugar.
There are tw main types: plane painting and slid painting. Fr the plane painting (which is the easier ne), the painter uses the brwn sugar r white sugar as the basic material, the spn and a shvel as the tl, and the marble as the “paper”. T get syrup, the artist has t ck the sugar in a pt befre painting. Since the ht liquid sugar culd freeze hard if it cls, the artist has t prduce his wrk very quickly.
Using a small spn t hld the syrup which lks like silk and thread, the painter cncentrates his strength n the wrist and takes the spn as a brush pen, rising and pausing, up and dwn, left and right. Sn a sugar painting f an animal, flwer r a bike is finished, and the painter separates the painting frm the marble with a shvel, puts a bamb slice n the painting r wraps it with a plastic bag.
Nwadays, sugar painting has already been listed as Natinal Nn-Material Culture Heritage.
() 1．Accrding t the passage, sugar painting ________.
A．can be fund in the nrtheast f China
B．became mre ppular in the Ming Dynasty
C．shuld be made very quickly befre it freezes
D．is listed as Internatinal Nn-Material Culture Heritage
() 2．What des the underlined wrd “varius” mean?
A．beautifulB. clrfulC. sameD. different
() 3．What des a painter d first when he wants t make a sugar painting?
A．Get mney frm the custmer.B．Bil the sugar in a pt t get syrup.
C．Turn a bamb arrw n the wden plate.D．Separate the painting frm the marble with a shvel.
() 4．The fifth paragraph is mainly abut ________.
A．hw t make a sugar paintingB．what sugar painting is
C．different types f sugar paintingD．the histry f sugar painting
() 5．The passage is prbably taken frm a magazine abut ________.
A．scienceB．natureC．histryD．culture
Exercise 7
（2022·黑龍江哈爾濱·一模改編）
Chinese is mainly divided int 13 dialects (方言) and the dialects can be further divided int many kinds f lcal dialects. In China, Putnghua (r Mandarin), the predminant dialect, is spken by ver 70% f the ppulatin and is ne f the 6 fficial (官方的) languages f the United Natins. Inside the large dialect grups, there are small grups, many f which are difficult t understand. In Fujian, fr example, peple living 10 kilmeters away frm ne anther can be speaking different Min dialects.
Putnghua. It is the mther dialect f Chinese living in nrthern China and Sichuan Prvince. It is called Guyu in sme parts f China, like Hng Kng, Maca and Taiwan. It is knwn in English as Mandarin Chinese, r Standard (標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的) Chinese.
Wu. Spken in Shanghai, mst f Zhejiang and the suthern parts f Jiangsu and Anhui. Wu is made up f hundreds f different spken frms.
Hakka/ Kejia. Hakka is widely spken in Fujian, Taiwan, and sme cuntries in Sutheast Asia.
Min. It is spken in Fujian, Taiwan, and Sutheast Asia. Min grup is the mst diverse (多樣的) with many different spken frms used in neighbring cuntries.
Yue. It is spken in Guangdng, Hng Kng. Maca, Taiwan, all ver Sutheast Asia and by many Chinese living abrad.
() 1．The underlined wrd “predminant”, in the passage means ________ in Chinese.
A．特殊的B．有趣的C．普遍的D．重要的
() 2．Frm the passage, we knw that Putnghua _______.
A．is spken by 70% f the wrld’s ppulatin
B．is included in the fficial languages f the United Natins
C．is called Mandarin Chinese in sme parts f China
D．is the mther dialect f Chinese living in suthern China.
() 3．Yue is the mther dialect f peple living in _______.
① nrthern China ② Sutheast Asia ③ Guangdng Prvince ④ mst f Zhejiang
A．①③B．②③C．②④D．①④
() 4．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A．Mst peple in Anhui speak Kejia.B．Wu is the lcal dialect f Taiwan.
C．Min has the mst different spken frms.D．Yue is mstly spken by freigners.
() 5．The passage is mainly abut _______.
A．the intrductin f Chinese dialectsB．the histry f Chinese dialects
C．the develpment f Chinese dialectsD．the usage f Chinese dialects
Exercise 8
（2022·湖南省祁東縣育賢中學(xué)一模改編）
Recently, the term “carbn neutral (碳中和)” has been used frequently at sme imprtant meetings in many cuntries. Many cuntries have put frward the gal f striving (奮斗目標(biāo)) t be carbn neutral. China is expected t be carbn neutral by 2060. S, as middle schl students, what can we d t prtect the envirnment and live a lw carbn life? Here are sme suggestins fr yu.
Travel in a green way. Nw mre Chinese peple have cars f their wn. It has brught us a lt f benefits but has created sme serius prblems as well. S we’d better d mre walking, cycling and less driving. By ding s, we can save energy and reduce pllutin.
Cut dwn white pllutin. We shuld reduce the pllutin f plastic bags. When yu g t the supermarket, bring yur wn shpping bags.
Save water. Lack f water resurces will affect the eclgical envirnment (生態(tài)環(huán)境). S please turn ff the tap after using it.
Srt the rubbish. Ding garbage classificatin (垃圾分類) in a right way can turn waste int wealth.
Plant mre trees. Planting mre trees means cutting dwn and reducing the carbn ftprint (碳足跡) and spreading f greenhuse gases. Fr example, the trees planted in China are playing an imprtant rle. A reprt published in Nature shws that CO2 absrptin (吸收) in tw new frest areas in China is mre than we thught. The tw areas are lcated in China’s suthwestern and nrtheastern prvinces. They make up ver 35 percent f China’s carbn sinks (碳匯). The main natural carbn sinks are trees and ther plants.
Use bth sides f the paper. The paper prductin prcess uses a lt f trees.
Nw is the time that we shuld take up ur respnsibility t prtect ur envirnment frm being plluted. Let’s jin ur hands and take actins immediately.
() 1．Hw many suggestins des the writer give in the passage t be carbn neutral?
A．5.B．6.C．7.D．8
() 2．In rder t prtect the envirnment and live a lw carbn life, we can ________.
①walk, cycle mre and drive less ②use plastic bags while shpping
③use nly ne side f the paper ④turn ff the water after using it
⑤d garbage classificatin in a right way
A．①②③④⑤B．①③④⑤C．①④⑤D．②③④⑤
() 3．China’s carbn sinks are mainly lcated in the ________.
A．sutheast and nrtheastB．suthwest and nrthwest
C．sutheast and nrthwestD．suthwest and nrtheast
() 4．The purpse f the passage is ________.
A．t call us t cut dwn white pllutinB．t give advice n hw t prtect the envirnment
C．t advise us t travel in a green wayD．t call us t plant mre trees and save water
() 5．What is the main idea f the passage?
A．Live a lw carbn life.B．Srt the rubbish.
C．Travel in a green way.D．Keep ff “carbn neutral”
Exercise 9
（2022·福建·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）
Yu may frget yur passwrd r yur ID, but yu’ll never frget yur face. Using yur face as yur ID is quick and cnvenient. Yu culd take the subway r bard a flight with just yur face alne. This is hw facial recgnitin (人臉識(shí)別) wrks. This technlgy has helped Taylr Swift identify stalkers (識(shí)別跟蹤者) at her cncerts. It has als been used t catch criminals.
In China, facial recgnitin systems have been used in many areas. In Zhengzhu, peple can nw get n the subway by using facial recgnitin technlgy. They just need t link the nline payment system t the subway’s smartphne app. Students at Peking University can als pass thrugh the schl gate by scanning their face.
Hwever, there are currently n laws t regulate (規(guī)范) the use and cllectin f facial infrmatin. S many peple are wrried abut the cllectin and use f this infrmatin by gvernments and cmpanies. “I feel uncmfrtable with the use f facial infrmatin because I dn’t knw hw the cmpany is using my facial details r whether they will be leaked” Said Feng Yi, a turism cmpany wrker. Infrmatin leakage is a prblem because there is a lng histry f cmpanies failing t prtect users’ infrmatin. After all, yu can change yur bank card r passwrd if yur bank infrmatin is leaked, but can yu change yur face when yur facial infrmatin is stlen?
As facial recgnitin is used mre widely in ur daily lives-frm cllege campuses and subways t street crners and smartphnes, we must ask urselves whether r nt this new technlgy is wrth the risk.
() 1．Facial recgnitin technlgy can’t be used t ________.
A．catch criminalsB．take the subwayC．pay fr the flightD．identify stalkers
() 2．What des Paragraph 2 mainly talk abut?
A．Peple can scan their face t get n the subway.
B．Hw the facial recgnitin system is used in sme areas.
C．Peple link the nline payment system t smartphne apps.
D．Students use facial recgnitin t pass thrugh the schl gate.
() 3．Feng Yi’s wrds in Paragraph 3 shw ________.
A．hw facial infrmatin is cllected
B．that peple are wrried abut the infrmatin leak
C．hw cmpanies fail t prtect users’ infrmatin
D．that laws shuld regulate the use f face recgnitin
() 4．The passage mainly wants t tell us ________.
A．the risk f new technlgiesB．the leaks f facial infrmatin
C．the advantages f facial recgnitinD．the use and risks f facial recgnitin
() 5．In which magazine may yu find this passage?
A．Science ViewB．Health OnlineC．Sweet TthD．Sprts Wrld
Exercise 10
（2022·江蘇泰州·一模）
It’s been ver a year since COVID-19 first appeared and the virus cntinues t be a prblem in many parts f the wrld,scientists have realized the develpment f vaccines (疫苗) is a slutin t the pandemic. A glbal effrt t vaccinate as many peple as pssible wuld be needed, since vaccines typically take years t develp.
On Dec 2, 2020, the first COVID vaccine, the Pfizer vaccine, was apprved (批準(zhǔn)) by UK health department. Hwever, these vaccines must be stred at very lw temperatures, which is nt pssible everywhere. In respnse, Chinese cmpanies like Sinpharm and Sinvac have develped vaccines that can be kept at nrmal temperatures.
Nw, vaccines are being rlled ut all ver the wrld, with millins f peple being vaccinated every day. In China, 285 millin vaccine dses (劑量) had been given s far. Meanwhile, the US has given ut 247 millin dses. The UK nw stands at 50 millin dses.
Althugh there have been rumrs abut vaccines being unsafe, mst f peple seem t realize the imprtance f vaccinatin fr building mass immunity (群體免疫) in rder t stp the virus frm spreading. The wrld has cme t understand that the vaccines will prtect us. Therefre, sharing vaccines has becme a key factr f staying safe and healthy wrldwide.
Unfrtunately, nt everyne can get the vaccine yet. Children belw the age f 16 can’t be vaccinated because they have nt yet been tested n them. Thse wh have a histry f vaccine allergies (過敏) shuldn’t get it, either.
() 1．The vaccine develped by ________ cannt be stred at nrmal temperatures.
A．UK health departmentB．SinpharmC．SinvacD．Pfizer
() 2．Accrding t the passage, ________ millin vaccine dses had been given s far in China.
A．50B．247C．285D．582
() 3．In paragraph 4, the underlined wrd ‘‘rumrs” prbably means ________.
A．謊言B．謠言C．建議D．騙局
() 4．The purpse fr vaccinating as many peple as pssible is t ________.
A．build mass immunityB．share the vaccines
C．develp vaccines quicklyD．get everyne vaccinated
() 5．In paragraph 5, the wrd “they”, in the underlined sentence refers t ________.
A．childrenB．cmpaniesC．vaccinesD．experts
Exercise 11
（2022·重慶·四川外國語大學(xué)附屬外國語學(xué)校一模改編）
If yu walk thrugh a park in the mrning r in the evening, yu might see a lt f peple ding these slw and beautiful mvements—Carry the tiger ver the muntain and White crane spreads its wings. In fact, they are ding Taichi.
Taichi is an ancient martial art (武術(shù)) . It is a cmmn kind f exercise in China. Mre than 100 millin peple in ver 150 cuntries practice Taichi at present. Many peple in freign cuntries have learnt abut the Chinese culture by practicing it. Recently UNESCO (聯(lián)合國教科文組織) has added Taichi t its Intangible Cultural Heritage List (非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄). Many Taichi fans were happy t hear f it. “This will make Taichi mre ppular arund the wrld. Hpefully, mre peple will becme healthier by practicing it” said Chen Bin. He is a Taichi master frm the village f Chenjiagu, Henan Prvince. This village is the birthplace f Chen-style Taichi.
It’s true that ding Taichi is gd fr ur health. It can make us walk and mve mre freely, and it can als make us strnger. During slw mvements, we can fcus n ur hands and feet. We can cntrl them better. Slw mvements als help us t take deep and lng breaths.
Taichi als fcuses n the harmny (和諧) between yin and yang. ________ The wrld is full f yin and yang: dark and light, sft and hard, female and male. But they dn’t ppse (對(duì)立) each ther abslutely (絕對(duì)地). As we see in the picture, a white spt is in the black area and a black spt is in the white area. After a dark night, the sun will rise. Leaves fall in autumn but grw again in spring. Everything keeps changing—that is hw the wrld wrks.
Taichi carries traditinal Chinese philsphy (哲學(xué)), such as being in harmny with nature and using sftness t beat hardness. It has becme a symbl f Chinese culture.
() 1．Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe the mvements f Taichi?
A．Slw and beautiful.B．Slw and exciting.C．Fast and free.D．Strng and tiring.
() 2．Which f the fllwing sentences can be put in the ________?
A．It is gd fr peple’s mind and bdy.
B．It shws hw Chinese peple see the wrld.
C．It’s imprtant t understand yin and yang.
D．The grwth f things depends n yin and yang.
() 3．Which f the fllwing is NOT abut Taichi philsphy?
A．陰陽互生B．生生不息C．黑白分明D．以柔克剛
() 4．Which f the fllwing statements is NOT true?
A．Nwadays ver 100 millin peple in ver 150 cuntries practice Taichi.
B．Taichi imprves ur health.
C．Everything is changing all the time.
D．Using hardness t beat sftness is part f traditinal Chinese philsphy.
() 5．What is the main idea f the passage?
A．T ask peple t d Taichi in their free time.
B．T intrduce an ancient martial art—Taichi.
C．T shw the imprtance f spreading Taichi culture.
D．T explain why Taichi is gd fr ur health.
Exercise 12
（2022·河南洛陽·一模）
Research has shwn the imprtance f physical activities fr students in a schl envirnment. S many schls are nw encuraging students t take part in sme healthy frms f exercise.
Physical educatin is an imprtant part f healthy living fr peple f all age grups, especially thse ging t schl. This is because schl life is full f stress.
Except that, in tday’s wrld, many schl children eat unhealthy fds. These may include sft drinks, pizzas, and burgers. Eating these fds ften can increase schl children’s bdy weight.
Physical educatin at schl helps in preventing schl children frm putting n weight. Physical exercise and activities will help them burn ff mre calries （卡路里）. If these calries are nt burned ff, they will be stred as fat. By ding physical exercises students use their calries t get energy.
At the same time, such activities play an imprtant rle in the healthy grwth and develpment f bnes（骨骼）. Exercises such as jumping are especially imprtant fr schl children as such activities prduce a frce nt the bne that helps imprve its pwer and grwth.
A physically active student will als have a healthy heart. Research shws that kids wh perfrm aerbic（有氧的）exercises, tw t three times a week fr at least twenty minutes, have a healthier heart cmpared with thse wh dn’t take part in physical educatin. Sme f the healthy aerbic exercises are: playing basketball and sccer.
() 1．What are schls encuraging their students t d in Paragraph 1?
A．Keep bdy and mind healthy.B．D research n healthy exercise.
C．Perfrm physical activities actively.D．Pay mre attentin t schl educatin.
() 2．What des the wrd “thse” refer t（是）?
A．Parents.B．Students.C．Teachers.D．Custmers.
() 3．Which paragraphs give the reasns why physical educatin is mre imprtant fr students?
A．①②B．②③C．③④D．④⑤
() 4．Which f the fllwing pinins mst prbably is the writer’s?
A．It’s nt easy fr students t receive physical educatin.
B．Physical activities are gd fr students in many ways.
C．Students shuld have mre time t receive knwledge and educatin.
D．Thse wh dn’t jin in physical activities can’t keep fit.
() 5．What is the best title fr the text?
A．A study n physical educatin.B．Exercising mre t keep healthy.
C．Taking healthy aerbic exercise.D．Different kinds f physical activities.
Exercise 13
（2022·廣東佛山·一模）
The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics were mre than a sprting event. They were als a shw fr science and technlgy. They are helping athletes (運(yùn)動(dòng)員) becme “faster, higher, strnger” and ffering yu a great game-watching experience with the supprt f 5G. Let’s lk at sme technlgies behind the Beijing Winter Olympics.
The fastest ice
The Natinal Speed Skating Oval is said t have “the fastest ice”, as 12 new Olympic recrds and ne wrld recrd were set there. The secret is new ice-making technlgy. Liquid carbn dixide (液體二氧化碳) is put under the ice t keep temperature changes n the ice surface in half a degree. That keeps the ice a level surface and it is easier t skate n.
“Seeing” the wind
In events like freestyle skiing and ski jumping, the directin and speed f the wind can have great influence n an athlete’s perfrmance. A Chinese research team develped a system t measure wind. The system uses AI technlgy. It allws athletes and caches t “see” wind with real-time data (數(shù)據(jù)) n their
High-speed cameras
During the speed skating race, athletes can reach speeds f up t 18 meters per secnd. T catch every exciting mment f the cmpetitin, Lie Ba has been used fr the event.
Lie Ba, is a 4K high-definitin (高清) camera system develped by China Media Grup (CMG). It can recrd speeds f up t 25 meters per secnd. It clsely fllws the athletes' mvements and catches different scenes during speed skating, accrding t Shanghai Plus.
() 1．Hw many recrds were set in the Natinal Speed Skating Oval?
A．12.B．13.C．14.D．15.
() 2．The secret f “the fastest ice” is that ________.
A．liquid carbn dixide is put under the ice t keep it in a certain temperature
B．liquid carbn dixide is put under the ice t keep the ice a lw temperature
C．liquid carbn dixide is put n the ice t keep temperature abve ne degree
D．liquid carbn dixide is used t keep the temperature belw zer degree
() 3．The underlined wrd “measure” in the passage means ________.
A．測(cè)驗(yàn)B．圍繞C．改變D．測(cè)量
() 4．Accrding t the passage, Lie Ba ________.
A．can mve at mre than 25 meters per secnd
B．was develped by a hi-tech cmpany
C．helps recrd the sprts games better
D．can help the athletes perfrm better in speed skating
() 5．What's the main idea f the article?
A．T intrduce sme high technlgies used in the Beijing Winter Games.
B．T explain hw sprting events were presented t the viewers.
C．T present highlights (最精彩部分) f the Beijing Winter Games.
D．T shw the watching experience f the Beijing Winter Games.
Exercise 14
（2022·河北·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）
Our ancestrs used stars t guide them n a clear night. Nw we have navigatin systems (導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)) t help us find ur way, with the latest being the Beidu Navigatin Satellite (衛(wèi)星) System(BDS).
The BDS is cmpletely built by Chinese engineers. With the last satellite frm the Xichang Satellite Launch Center flew int space n Jun 23, 2020, the netwrk f 59 satellites has been cmpleted. On July 31, 2020, Beidu started prviding full-scale services (全方位服務(wù)). It’s difficult t imagine what thse satellites can’t d in ur daily lives.
When yu unlck ne f the Hellbike’s bicycles, yu are using the BDS. This ppular bike-sharing cmpany came ut with tw new bike mdels which have the psitining service this year. Users can als find shared bikes mre exactly thanks t Beidu.
Hwever, the BDS desn’t just wrk n way. As the largest space-based system in China, Beidu uses a special tw-way cmmunicatin system, including its ability t receive messages sent by peple frm areas with pr cmmunicatin signals. It isn’t fr users t chat nline. Instead, it plays a rle when disasters like earthquakes happen and cmmunicatins dn’t wrk.
After the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008, all grund-based cmmunicatin tls culdn’t wrk. Thugh Beidu culd nly send 120 characters(字符) in just ne message at that time, cmmunicatin between these pr areas and helping centers was successful. Nw, it can sent 1, 200 Chinese characters in a message. It is widely used in areas such as disaster alarms, and infrmatin release.
Nw, Beidu is mre and mre widely used in ur everyday life. As SunJiadng, frmer chief designer f the BDS said, “Beidu can be used in mre industries than yu can imagine.”
() 1．In the ld days, peple use _________ t guide them n a clear night.
A．the mnB．the sunC．the BDSD．stars
() 2．Hw many satellites des the BDS cntain?
A．23B．31C．59D．120
() 3．The underlined wrd “disaster” means _________ in Chinese.
A．戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)B．災(zāi)難C．選舉D．奇跡
() 4．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A．The BDS first started wrking n June 23, 2020.
B．The BDS can prvide us with a lt f helpful services.
C．Peple can find their lst bicycles thanks t Beidu.
D．The BDS can send 120 Chinese characters in a message nw.
() 5．The passage mainly talks abut _________ .
A．the BDSB．great engineersC．shared bikesD．a(chǎn)n earthquake
Exercise 15
（2022·廣東中山·一模）
Nuclear（核）pwer’s danger t health, safety, and even life itself can be summed up in ne wrd: radiatin（輻射）.
Nuclear radiatin has a certain mystery（神秘）abut it, partly because it cannt be fund by human senses. It can’t be seen r heard, r tuched r tasted, even thugh it may be all arund us. There are ther things like that. Fr example, radi waves are all arund us but we can’t detect them, sense them, withut a radi receiver. Similarly, we can’t sense radiactivity withut a radiatin detectr（探測(cè)器）. But unlike cmmn radi waves, nuclear radiatin is nt harmless t human beings and ther living things.
At very high levels, radiatin can kill an animal r human being cmpletely by killing masses（塊；團(tuán)）f cells（細(xì)胞）in vital（=very imprtant）rgans. But even the lwest level f radiatin can d serius damage. There is n level f radiatin that is cmpletely safe. If the radiatin des nt hit anything imprtant, the damage may nt be significant. This is the case when nly a few cells are hit, and if they are killed cmpletely, yur bdy will replace the dead cells with healthy nes. But if the few cells are nly damaged, and if they reprduce themselves, yu may be in truble. They reprduce themselves in a defrmed（畸形）way. They can grw int cancer（癌癥）. Smetimes this des nt shw up fr many years.
This is anther reasn fr sme f the mystery abut nuclear radiatin. Serius damage can be dne withut the victim（犧牲者）being aware at the time that damage has ccurred. A persn can feel fine, then die f cancer five, ten, r twenty years later as a result. Or a child can be brn weak r easy t have serius illness as a result f radiatin absrbed（吸收）by its grandparents.
Radiatin can hurt us. We must knw the truth.
() 1．Nuclear radiatin has a certain mystery because ________.
A．peple can’t feel itB．peple knw nthing abut it
C．nuclear radiatin isn’t harmful t pepleD．peple haven’t any detectrs
() 2．What can we knw frm the passage?
A．We can’t detect radiactivity even with mdern equipment.
B．Only radiatin at very high levels can kill an animal r human being.
C．If a few cells are nly damaged，healthy cells will take the place f dead nes.
D．Radiatin is harmful n matter what level it is.
() 3．The wrd “significant” in paragraph 3 has the similar meaning with ________.
A．imprtantB．meaningfulC．harmfulD．bvius
() 4．Radiatin can hurt us in that it can ________.
A．a(chǎn)ffect the healthy grwth f ur ffspring（后代）
B．damage cells which grw int cancer years later
C．kill large number f cells in main rgans s as t cause death immediately
D．a(chǎn)ll f the abve
() 5．What’s the authr’s main purpse in writing this passage?
A．Emphasizing the imprtance f prtectin f radiatin.B．Slving the mystery abut radiatin.
C．Discussing the cause f cancer.D．Intrducing the nuclear pwer.年份
A篇
B篇
C篇
體裁
題材
詞數(shù)
體裁
題材
詞數(shù)
體裁
題材
詞數(shù)
2021
應(yīng)用文
活動(dòng)
210
說明文
糧食浪費(fèi)
283
應(yīng)用文
英語習(xí)語
341
2020
應(yīng)用文
活動(dòng)
238
說明文
動(dòng)物
221
應(yīng)用文
線上展覽
315
2019
應(yīng)用文
欺凌
263
說明文
機(jī)器人
258
應(yīng)用文
俱樂部
401
2018
應(yīng)用文
節(jié)日
279
說明文
物理
292
應(yīng)用文
文化活動(dòng)
335
2017
應(yīng)用文
比賽
243
說明文
自然
269
應(yīng)用文
旅游路線
334
2016
應(yīng)用文
禁毒
254
說明文
交流
270
應(yīng)用文
應(yīng)用軟件
383
年份
細(xì)節(jié)理解題
推理判斷題
詞義猜測(cè)題
主旨大意題
標(biāo)題歸納題
數(shù)字/排序題
2021
6
2
1
0
1
0
2020
7
1
1
1
0
0
2019
4
4
2
0
0
0
2018
4
3
1
0
1
1（數(shù)字）
2017
6
1
1
1
0
1（排序）
2016
7
1
1
0
1
0

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