
?重難點(diǎn)06 完形填空之夾敘夾議
【命題趨勢(shì)】
夾敘夾議的文章是高考完形填空中最有難度的,也是最熱點(diǎn)的一類體裁。所選文章語(yǔ)言地道、寓意深刻、可讀性強(qiáng)。文章常常在平淡的敘述中蘊(yùn)含著深刻的人生哲理。此類選材傾向于注重短文本身的教育意義。作者首先敘述一件事,在敘述過(guò)程中或結(jié)束后發(fā)表自己的看法或由此事引出一個(gè)深刻的社會(huì)問(wèn)題。解題時(shí),應(yīng)借助上下文乃至全文的語(yǔ)境揣摩作者的心境,及其對(duì)各個(gè)角色、各個(gè)事件的態(tài)度。
【滿分技巧】
一、關(guān)注首句,領(lǐng)會(huì)大意
通過(guò)首句可以明確文章話題,了解篇章結(jié)構(gòu),預(yù)測(cè)全文內(nèi)容。尾句往往是作者的點(diǎn)睛之筆,通過(guò)尾句一般可以更加真實(shí)、確切地體會(huì)到作者的寫作意圖、對(duì)待事件的真實(shí)態(tài)度等核心內(nèi)容。
二、注重語(yǔ)境,理清行文邏輯
夾敘夾議文以敘述為主,絕大部分篇幅是在描述事件,而作者的觀點(diǎn)及態(tài)度往往隱含在敘述中,這就要求考生增強(qiáng)語(yǔ)篇意識(shí),抓住文章的敘事線索,弄清文章的內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系,根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容做出選擇,并適當(dāng)進(jìn)行邏輯推理是解題的關(guān)鍵。
三、找準(zhǔn)標(biāo)志詞,弄清故事發(fā)展模式
夾敘夾議文通常使用對(duì)比、強(qiáng)調(diào)、讓步、舉例、結(jié)論、順序和對(duì)照等手段??忌鷳?yīng)注意觀察文章的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),根據(jù)表達(dá)這些手段的銜接詞來(lái)正確理解故事情節(jié)。
常見(jiàn)標(biāo)志詞有:(1)并列關(guān)系:and,not only...but also,that is to say等;(2)因果關(guān)系:because,for,so that,in order that,due to,thanks to,thus,therefore,so等;(3)對(duì)比關(guān)系:while,whereas,as,rather than,instead of等;(4)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系:although,though,even if,nevertheless,despite,but,yet,however,on the contrary等;(5)遞進(jìn)關(guān)系:also,then,besides,in addition,furthermore,what’s more等;(6)順序關(guān)系:first,then,on the one hand等;(7)轉(zhuǎn)變?cè)掝}:by the way,what I really mean...等。
【熱點(diǎn)話題】
完形填空之夾敘夾議文熱衷于學(xué)生日常生活中的故事。
【限時(shí)檢測(cè)】(建議用時(shí):每篇16分鐘)
A
(2021·天津·高考真題)
話題:作者喜歡表演,哥哥喜歡冥想,二者性格愛(ài)好完全不同。在作者遭遇失敗時(shí),哥哥教他冥想,作者從中悟出了做事的哲理,取得成功。
難度:★★
建議用時(shí):16分
閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
My brother and I are exactly one year apart. We look like twins, but we are completely 1 . By the time we got to middle school it was clear that my older brother 2 meditation (冥想),while I was a born 3 who preferred the theatrical, even when off stage. I took his relative silence to be offensive. We simply didn't 4 .
I didn't 5 having a tense relationship with my brother because I was involved at school. 6 , I threw myself into the world of musicals. I practised singing in the bedroom every day to remain at my best and be 7 for roles; my brother would meditate on a window seat. He might feel high school was already hard enough 8 my noisy singing. So space to practise became a(n) 9 between us because we shared a room.
At the start of the semester, I practised “Circle of Life" for a musical. This was the first time I 10 to learn a song, because my voice cracked (破音)as I switched to a head voice. I was annoyed in that period and 11 practising, declaring I had reached the ceiling of my singing career. For the first time in years my brother 12 quiet when I got home.
After two days of this, my brother asked me to 13 him in meditation. Feeling my anger at my inability to manage this song 14 ,I accepted. My brother said, "When your mind floats away, you simply come back. Don't blame yourself" I got the message, and it soon became my new 15 . I kept trying at the song, no longer getting 16 at myself. And just in time for the trial performance, I was able to 17 power in my singing despite the switch to a head voice. It was important for me to learn that you don't have to always get everything 18 the first time and that good things come with continual 19 .I now understand why my brother favours the 20 .
1.A.mature B.different C.content D.normal
2.A.disliked B.preferred C.replaced D.a(chǎn)bandoned
3.A.writer B.leader C.painter D.performer
4.A.get along B.drop by C.show off D.check in
5.A.try B.mind C.enjoy D.delay
6.A.In particular B.In vain C.In return D.In theory
7.A.humorous B.ordinary C.competitive D.grateful
8.A.a(chǎn)bove B.below C.near D.without
9.A.issue B.contrast C.a(chǎn)greement D.balance
10.A.struggled B.expected C.promised D.decided
11.A.began B.a(chǎn)llowed C.stopped D.continued
12.A.hated B.experienced C.a(chǎn)ccepted D.wanted
13.A.help B.invite C.join D.a(chǎn)dmire
14.A.gracefully B.suddenly C.fiercely D.cautiously
15.A.limit B.sentence C.mistake D.philosophy
16.A.rude B.a(chǎn)ngry C.surprised D.excited
17.A.lose B.share C.reduce D.maintain
18.A.wrong B.right C.back D.down
19.A.luck B.a(chǎn)bsence C.effort D.fear
20.A.fight B.noise C.quiet D.safety
【答案】
1-5 BBDAB 6-10 ACDAA
11-15 CBCAD 16-20 BDBCC
【分析】本文是夾敘夾議文。作者喜歡表演,哥哥喜歡冥想,二者性格愛(ài)好完全不同,關(guān)系緊張。在作者遭遇失敗時(shí),哥哥教給他冥想,作者從中悟出了做事的哲理,取得了成功。
1.考查形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下文“my older brother ____2____ meditation (冥想),while I was a born ____3____ who preferred the theatrical,”哥哥喜歡冥想而作者喜歡表演,前后對(duì)比可知二者性格不同。故選B。
2.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A. disliked不喜歡;B. preferred更喜歡;C. replaced取代;D. abandoned拋棄,放棄。根據(jù)句中對(duì)比的內(nèi)容“while I was a born ____3____ who preferred the theatrical”和preferred呼應(yīng),可知哥哥更喜歡冥想。故選B。
3.考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)“the theatrical ,even when off stage.”和下文的“in time for the trial performance”可知作者喜歡表演。故選D。
4.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A. get along相處,進(jìn)展;B. drop by順便拜訪;C. show off炫耀;D. check in登記,報(bào)到。根據(jù)上句“I took his relative silence to be offensive.”及下文“a tense relationship with my brother”作者和哥哥性格和愛(ài)好不同,作者甚至認(rèn)為哥哥相對(duì)沉默是一種冒犯,可知兩人相處地不好,關(guān)系緊張。故選A。
5.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)句中“because I was involved at school.”和下文“I practised singing in the bedroom every day”可知在學(xué)校很忙,在家依然我行我素,并不介意和哥哥的關(guān)系。故選B。
6.考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A. In particular尤其,特別;B. In vain徒勞;C. In return作為回報(bào);D. In theory理論上。根據(jù)上文“preferred the theatrical”和下文“I practised singing in the bedroom every day”可知作者非常喜歡音樂(lè)。故選A。
7.考查形容詞詞義辨析A. humorous幽默的;B. ordinary普通的,平常的;C. competitive競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的;D. grateful感激的。根據(jù)“I practised singing in the bedroom every day” 作者每天練習(xí),可知競(jìng)爭(zhēng)很激烈。故選C。
8.考查介詞詞義辨析。句意:就算沒(méi)有我吵鬧的歌聲,他也會(huì)覺(jué)得高中已經(jīng)夠難的了。A. above超過(guò),在……之上;B. below在……下面;C. near在……附近;D. without沒(méi)有。哥哥經(jīng)常冥想,作者認(rèn)為即使沒(méi)有自己吵鬧的歌聲,哥哥也會(huì)覺(jué)得高中很難。故選D。
9.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:所以練習(xí)的空間成了我們之間的問(wèn)題,因?yàn)槲覀児灿靡粋€(gè)房間。A. issue問(wèn)題,發(fā)行;B. contrast對(duì)比,差異;C. agreement同意,一致;D. balance平衡。根據(jù)上文“a tense relationship with my brother”和句中“we shared a room.”可知練習(xí)唱歌的空間是作者和哥哥之間的問(wèn)題。故選A。
10.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)“my voice cracked (破音)as I switched to a head voice”可知作者學(xué)歌很費(fèi)勁。故選A。
11.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下文“my brother ____12____ quiet when I got home.”家里安靜了,可知作者停止了練習(xí)唱歌。故選C。
12.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。因?yàn)樽髡咄V乖诩页枇耍绺珞w驗(yàn)到了家里的安靜。故選B。
13.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:這樣過(guò)了兩天,我哥哥要我和他一起冥想。A. help幫助;B. invite邀請(qǐng);C. join參加;D. admire欽佩。根據(jù)下文“I accepted”可知哥哥讓作者和他一起冥想,作者同意了。故選C。
14.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:我覺(jué)得自己無(wú)法優(yōu)美地駕馭這首歌很生氣,于是就接受了。A. gracefully優(yōu)美地,優(yōu)雅地;B. suddenly突然;C. fiercely猛烈地;D. cautiously謹(jǐn)慎地。根據(jù)下文“I was able to ____17____ power in my singing despite the switch to a head voice.”可知作者想優(yōu)美地駕馭這首歌。故選A。
15.考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下文“It was important for me to learn that you don't have to always get everything ____18____ the first time and that good things come with continual ____19____.”可知作者把哥哥的話作為自己的哲學(xué)。故選D。
16.考查形容詞詞義辨析。與上文“I was annoyed in that period和my anger at my inability”呼應(yīng),可知作者開始因?yàn)樽约撼缓蒙鷼?,現(xiàn)在想明白了,不生氣了。故選B。
17.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:就在試演的時(shí)候,盡管換了頭音,我還是能保持唱歌的能力。A. lose丟失;B. share分享;C. reduce減少;D. maintain保持。根據(jù)句中“was able to”和下文“good things come with”可知作者成功保持了唱歌的能力。故選D。
18.考查形容詞詞義辨析。A. wrong錯(cuò)誤的;B. right正確的;C. back后面的;D. down情緒低落的。根據(jù)作者的經(jīng)歷和常識(shí)可知,第一次做事不一定能做好。故選B。
19.考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)上文“I practised singing in the bedroom every day”和“I kept trying at the song”可知只有不斷努力才能成功。故選C。
20.考查名詞詞義辨析。A. fight斗爭(zhēng),打架;B. noise噪音;C. quiet安靜,和平;D. safety安全。根據(jù)上文“my older brother ____2____ meditation”“my brother would meditate on a window seat.”可知哥哥喜歡冥想,喜歡安靜。故選C。
B
(2021·廣西南寧·模擬預(yù)測(cè))
話題:敘述了作者于新冠肺炎的流行隔離期,學(xué)習(xí)諸如烹調(diào)等新的生活技巧。本文主要是作者探索了新的嗜好即玩拼圖的情況。拼圖鍛煉了作者的忍耐性和耐心,同時(shí)也需要智慧和技巧。
難度:★★
建議用時(shí):15分
閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
I first heard about several cases of coronavirus in January, 2020. But I did not 21 the outbreak to have such a sudden and powerful effect on the rest of the world. In March, towards the end of winter quarter, it was 22 that we would take all the finals online. It was unexpected, and all university teachers and students were 23 .
Due to the coronavirus pandemic, our University of California at San Diego(UCSD) student-run free dental clinics are closed 24 , and most research laboratories are only open for 25 personnel. Thus, I have had a lot more spare time than before, 26 most of the events have been switched to be held online. To 27 time, I learned to follow 28 to make different dishes. The period of quarantine(隔離) has become a time when I can learn some new life 29 .
Besides cooking, I have been 30 a new hobby—playing puzzles. At first, solving a puzzle was just a way for me to 31 endurance(忍耐性) and patience. Then I realized that I learned much more than that. When I 32 1,000 pieces of a puzzle on the table, I 33 not buying a simpler one. I suddenly realized how impatient I was that I couldn’t even focus on such a simpler task.
Electronic devices have been training me to constantly stare at a blinking(閃爍)screen and 34 what I was doing. I decided to solve a puzzle while 35 devices for several hours, and enjoy one simple task like a little child.
When I started to look for different pieces to see if they could fit in a larger 36 , I started to look for shortcuts. I tried to collect puzzles with similar patterns or colors and 37 their edges.
During this time, I slowly forgot all the madness and 38 of quarantine life. Every time I got one piece in the right place, I was 39 awarded by such a small success and motivated to keep on trying. It was surprising and unexpected for me to receive so much 40 from focusing on solving puzzles.
21.A.encourage B.expect C.require D.remind
22.A.a(chǎn)nnounced B.promised C.hoped D.discovered
23.A.unhappy B.unfortunate C.uninterested D.unprepared
24.A.occasionally B.formally C.temporarily D.gradually
25.A.devoted B.eager C.excellent D.limited
26.A.unless B.before C.since D.though
27.A.treasure B.kill C.waste D.save
28.A.schedules B.orders C.targets D.recipes
29.A.secrets B.tracks C.skills D.lessons
30.A.exploring B.spreading C.reviewing D.doubting
31.A.support B.practise C.recommend D.a(chǎn)ppreciate
32.A.broke up B.handed in C.poured out D.put away
33.A.imagined B.permitted C.a(chǎn)dvised D.regretted
34.A.forget B.guess C.remember D.emphasize
35.A.putting up with B.staying away from C.watching out for D.taking control of
36.A.basket B.poster C.picture D.board
37.A.touch B.remove C.draw D.compare
38.A.danger B.boredom C.excitement D.a(chǎn)mazement
39.A.mentally B.physically C.strangely D.passively
40.A.trouble B.joyfulness C.responsibility D.praise
【答案】
21-25 BADCD 26-30 CBDCA
31-35 BCDAB 36-40 CDBAB
【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。本文敘述了作者由于處于新冠肺炎的流行隔離期,她學(xué)習(xí)了一些諸如烹調(diào)等新的生活技巧。本文主要是作者探索了新的嗜好即玩拼圖的情況。拼圖鍛煉了作者的忍耐性和耐心,同時(shí)也需要智慧和技巧。
21.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)后文“the outbreak to have such a sudden and powerful effect on the rest of the world”可知,作者沒(méi)有預(yù)料(expect)這流行病的爆發(fā)會(huì)對(duì)世界上其他地方產(chǎn)生如此突然而又巨大的影響。故選B。
22.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)后文“that we would take all the finals online”可知指宣布(announced)我們將在網(wǎng)上進(jìn)行期末考試。故選A。
23.考查形容詞詞義辨析。結(jié)合上文“It was unexpected”這一舉措出乎意料,因?yàn)樗写髮W(xué)教職工和學(xué)生都沒(méi)有做好準(zhǔn)備(unprepared)。故選D。
24.考查副詞詞義辨析。A. occasionally偶爾;B. formally正式地;C. temporarily暫時(shí)地;D. gradually逐漸地。根據(jù)上文“Due to the coronavirus pandemic”可知,因?yàn)橐咔?,由學(xué)生經(jīng)營(yíng)的免費(fèi)的牙科診所暫時(shí)(temporarily)關(guān)閉了。故選C。
25.考查形容詞詞義辨析。A. devoted投入的;B. eager熱切地;C. excellent卓越的;D. limited有限的。結(jié)合常識(shí)可知由于疫情,大多數(shù)研究實(shí)驗(yàn)室也僅僅對(duì)有限的(limited)人員開放。故選D。
26.考查連詞詞義辨析。A. unless除非;B. before在……之前;C. since自從,因?yàn)?;D. though雖然。引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句,表示“因?yàn)椤睉?yīng)用since。故選C。
27.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)后文“time”可知指為了消磨(kill)時(shí)光,作者跟著菜譜學(xué)習(xí)制作不同的菜肴。故選B。
28.考查名詞詞義辨析。結(jié)合后文“to make different dishes”可知作者為了消磨時(shí)光,跟著菜譜(recipes)學(xué)習(xí)制作不同的菜肴。故選D。
29.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:隔離期已經(jīng)成為我可以學(xué)習(xí)一些新的生活技能的時(shí)間。A. secrets秘密;B. tracks軌道;C. skills技能;D. lessons課程。根據(jù)上文提到作者學(xué)習(xí)做菜可知,隔離期間已經(jīng)變成了作者學(xué)習(xí)一些新的生活技能(skills)的時(shí)間。故選C。
30.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:除了烹飪,我一直在探索一個(gè)新的愛(ài)好——玩謎題。A. exploring探索;B. spreading傳播;C. reviewing回顧;D. doubting懷疑。結(jié)合后文“a new hobby—playing puzzles”指探索了(exploring)一項(xiàng)新的嗜好——玩拼圖游戲。故選A。
31.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)后文“endurance and patience”可知作者完成拼圖僅僅是練習(xí)(practise)忍耐性和耐心的一種方式。故選B。
32.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A. broke up打破;B. handed in遞上;C. poured out訴說(shuō),傾倒;D. put away放好。根據(jù)后文“1,000 pieces of a puzzle on the table”指把拼圖倒在桌子上。故選C。
33.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)后文“not buying a simpler one”可知作者后悔(regretted)沒(méi)有買比較簡(jiǎn)單的一個(gè),1000個(gè)零件太多了。故選D。
34.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。結(jié)合后文“enjoy one simple task like a little child.”可知,長(zhǎng)時(shí)間看著電子設(shè)備,讓作者忘記(forget)在做的事情。故選A。
35.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:我決定在遠(yuǎn)離電子設(shè)備幾個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間里解決一個(gè)難題,并像小孩子一樣享受一項(xiàng)簡(jiǎn)單的任務(wù)。A. putting up with忍受;B. staying away from遠(yuǎn)離;C. watching out for注意;D. taking control of控制。根據(jù)后文“devices for several hours, and enjoy one simple task like a little child”可知作者決定避開(staying away from)電子設(shè)備幾個(gè)小時(shí)去拼圖。故選B。
36.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:結(jié)合常識(shí)和上文“When I started to look for different pieces to see if they could fit in a larger”可知作者開始看著不同的拼圖塊看是否能把它們拼在一個(gè)大的圖片(picture)里。故選C。
37.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。結(jié)合常識(shí)和上文“I tried to collect puzzles with similar patterns or colors and”可知作者嘗試著收集有相似圖案或者顏色的拼圖并比較(compare)它們的邊緣。故選D。
38.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:在這段時(shí)間里,我慢慢忘記了所有隔離生活的瘋狂和無(wú)聊。A. danger危險(xiǎn);B. boredom無(wú)聊,厭倦;C. excitement激動(dòng);D. amazement驚異。結(jié)合上文“I slowly forgot all the madness and”指慢慢忘記所有隔離生活的瘋狂和無(wú)聊。故選B。
39.考查副詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)后文“awarded by such a small success and motivated to keep on trying”可知每次把一塊放在正確的位置,作者在精神上(mentally)被這小的成功所獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。故選A。
40.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō),從專注于解決謎題中獲得如此多的樂(lè)趣是令人驚訝和意外的。A. trouble麻煩;B. joyfulness快樂(lè);C. responsibility責(zé)任;D. praise贊美。結(jié)合上文可知,全神貫注拼圖讓作者得到那么多快樂(lè)(joyfulness)是令人驚訝和意想不到的。故選B。
C
(2021·浙江·高考真題)
話題:文章講述了作者去年去科羅拉多國(guó)家森林當(dāng)志愿者時(shí),雖然期間經(jīng)歷了暴雨中帳篷漏水,為獅子上下山而搭建臺(tái)階的繁重工作等磨難,仍然感謝這個(gè)經(jīng)歷讓自己變得更堅(jiān)強(qiáng)。
難度:★★
建議用時(shí):15分
閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
Last year I decided to do some volunteer work. I began to 41 on the Internet and discovered Volunteer USA.Three months later I 42 myself on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona. I was 43 at the thought of living with loads of new people for three months. However, within fifteen minutes of 44 , my worries had gone. Everyone was so 45 and like-minded that it was very 46 to feel at home.
I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day 47 . We had to 48 everything we needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a 49 way but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were on fire.
My job was to 50 a stairway out of rock. This 51 climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited (棲息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard,never 52 .
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came into being. The 53 of knowing that my 54 will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive.
But on the last night we were 55 in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent. The temperature was close to 56 . I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the only 57 part of my tent.
58 , I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I 59 . I think I am much 60 for having taken part in the project.
41.A.calculate B.negotiate C.a(chǎn)dvertise D.research
42.A.imagined B.introduced C.enjoyed D.found
43.A.a(chǎn)nnoyed B.surprised C.scared D.excited
44.A.a(chǎn)rriving B.sleeping C.thinking D.walking
45.A.confident B.friendly C.energetic D.curious
46.A.funny B.good C.lucky D.easy
47.A.tour B.project C.campaign D.course
48.A.drop B.make C.carry D.buy
49.A.nice B.safe C.long D.quick
50.A.build B.test C.clean D.guard
51.A.helped B.ended C.a(chǎn)llowed D.meant
52.A.hunted B.trained C.seen D.fed
53.A.satisfaction B.a(chǎn)mbition C.expectation D.intention
54.A.work B.memory C.record D.story
55.A.left B.caught C.a(chǎn)ttacked D.separated
56.A.boiling B.a(chǎn)verage C.normal D.freezing
57.A.tidy B.dry C.new D.soft
58.A.By the way B.Regardless of that C.Needless to say D.In either case
59.A.survived B.resisted C.escaped D.recovered
60.A.smarter B.stronger C.happier D.busier
【答案】
41-45 DDCAB 46-50 DBCCA
51-55 DCAAB 56-60 DBCAB
【分析】
這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了作者去年通過(guò)網(wǎng)上查詢信息得到去科羅拉多國(guó)家森林當(dāng)志愿者的機(jī)會(huì),雖然期間作者經(jīng)歷了暴雨中帳篷漏水,為獅子上下山而搭建臺(tái)階的繁重工作等磨難,仍然感謝這個(gè)經(jīng)歷讓自己變得更堅(jiān)強(qiáng)。
41.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)前文的“Last year I decided to do some volunteer work.”可知,作者在網(wǎng)上研究有哪些可以做志愿者的信息。故選D項(xiàng)。
42.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)前文的“I began to__on the Internet…”可知,作者之前還在網(wǎng)上查閱,三個(gè)月后自己就動(dòng)身了。故選D項(xiàng)。
43.考查形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)后面的“my worries had gone.”可知,我一開始很擔(dān)憂。故選C項(xiàng)。
44.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)“feel at home”得知到達(dá)目的地不久,作者就不擔(dān)心了。故選A項(xiàng)。
45.考查形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)后文“and like-minded”可推斷,作者感覺(jué)大家都很友好。故選B項(xiàng)。
46.考查形容詞詞義辨析。。根據(jù) “that like-minded”和“feel at home”得知大家都很友好并且志趣相投,感覺(jué)到家的溫暖很容易。故選D項(xiàng)。
47.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我被派往科羅拉多國(guó)家森林開始頭8天的項(xiàng)目。A. tour游覽;B. project項(xiàng)目;C. campaign活動(dòng);D. course課程。根據(jù)下文“for having taken part in the project”可知,這是在說(shuō)當(dāng)志愿者的項(xiàng)目,原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選B項(xiàng)。
48.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:我們必須帶上需要的東西走到三英里外我們工作的地方。A. drop掉下;B. make制作;C. carry攜帶;D. buy購(gòu)買。根據(jù)下文“with a heavy pack”可知,作者他們要背負(fù)著必需品走。故選C項(xiàng)。
49.考查形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)前文“walk three miles”可知,作者他們走的路程不遠(yuǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)。
50.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下文“climbing up and down the side of a mountain.”可知,作者在獅子棲息地建一個(gè)階梯供獅子攀爬。故選A項(xiàng)。
51.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)“climbing up and down”可知,臺(tái)階修好了意味著獅子可以爬上爬下。故選D項(xiàng)。
52.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:雖然我應(yīng)該說(shuō)他們只被聽說(shuō)過(guò),從沒(méi)被親眼見(jiàn)過(guò)。A. hunted捕獵;B. trained訓(xùn)練;C. seen看到;D. fed喂養(yǎng)。根據(jù)前文“although I should say they were only heard”可知,作者以前沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò)。故選C項(xiàng)。
53.考查名詞詞義辨析。A. satisfaction滿意;B. ambition雄心;C. expectation期待;D. intention意圖。根據(jù)上文的“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知,我修的臺(tái)階成型了,我很滿意。故選A項(xiàng)。
54.考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)上文的“My job was to”“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知,修臺(tái)階是我的工作。故選A項(xiàng)。
55.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A. left離開;B. caught捉住;C. attacked襲擊;D. separated分離。根據(jù)下文“I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent”可知,作者他們被困在雷雨中。故選B項(xiàng)。
56.考查形容詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A. boiling煮沸的的;B. average平均的;C. normal正常的;D. freezing冰凍的。根據(jù)下文“trembling”得知溫度很低。故選D項(xiàng)。
57.考查形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)上文的“thunderstorm”和后文的“part of my tent”可知,帳篷里進(jìn)了水,作者蜷縮在帳篷干的地方。故選B項(xiàng)。
58.考查介詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意:不用說(shuō)我受了很多苦。A. By the way順便問(wèn)一下;B. Regardless of that盡管這樣;C. Needless to say 不用說(shuō);D. In either case在這兩種情況下。根據(jù)前文給獅子棲息地建造臺(tái)階和下雨天帳篷漏水可知,作者當(dāng)志愿者時(shí)受了很多苦。故選C項(xiàng)。
59.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:但是我知道不論人生中面對(duì)什么,我都在這,我都活了下來(lái)。A. survived生存;B. resisted反抗;C. escaped逃離,抓牢;D. recovered恢復(fù)。根據(jù)上文“But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there.”可知,作者認(rèn)為再多苦都可以堅(jiān)持下來(lái),挺過(guò)去。故選A項(xiàng)。
60.考查形容詞比較級(jí)詞義辨析。根據(jù)前文“But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there.可知作者感覺(jué)經(jīng)歷讓他更強(qiáng)壯。故選B項(xiàng)。
D
(2021·貴州貴陽(yáng)·模擬預(yù)測(cè))
話題:作者通過(guò)自己的行動(dòng)告訴大家,只要我們用心去發(fā)現(xiàn),任何垃圾都有被循環(huán)利用的價(jià)值,這樣我們的世界也會(huì)變得更加美好。
難度:★★
建議用時(shí):15分
閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
I looked out of the door of my 100 year-old house and saw my newly built garden. I realized nothing is rubbish. I was full of 61 and appreciation.
I 62 to look at the things that we usually think of as 63 —plastic bags, polluted water, rubber bands, and newspapers, clothes and furniture we 64 . I also began to think, act and live according to a belief that all things have the 65 of being reused as long as we try to 66 it. And I explored the worth of 67 . I mean recycling isn't just about 68 rubbish like putting glass and paper in 69 bins. It also requires creativity, commitment and even love.
My neighbors would put the autumn 70 by the roadside to be picked up by the garbage truck. This didn't 71 with my newfound concept of recycling trash, so I made a new 72 with moving boxes and put up a 73 saying, ''Dump(傾倒)leaves here". I watched carefully through the autumn as my neighbors 74 the leaves in the new garden and I also watered the leaves 75 with rainwater and collected dogs' waste as fertilizer, Then I 76 flower seeds. Finally, I had a new 77 garden, full of colorful flowers.
Nothing has to be really 78 . If you try hard enough, everything can be recycled. I even used my bath water to water my garden, though it might be a little 79 for my friends. But I think if we all can turn waste, sometimes a little dirty, into 80 , the world will be a much better place.
61.A.joy B.sympathy C.doubt D.regret
62.A.refused B.hesitated C.liked D.started
63.A.wealth B.garbage C.investments D.necessities
64.A.packed up B.brought up C.threw away D.gave away
65.A.value B.request C.confusion D.consequence
66.A.own B.find C.forget D.lose
67.A.collecting B.recovering C.recycling D.competing
68.A.sorting B.picking C.spotting D.recording
69.A.uniform B.broken C.limitless D.separate
70.A.fruit B.rice C.leaves D.vegetables
71.A.compare B.deal C.communicate D.fit
72.A.platform B.garden C.picture D.schedule
73.A.building B.tent C.sign D.show
74.A.piled B.polished C.decorated D.cleaned
75.A.unwillingly B.hardly C.seriously D.casually
76.A.submitted B.sowed C.removed D.reserved
77.A.smelly B.a(chǎn)nnoying C.imaginary D.a(chǎn)ttractive
78.A.useless B.careless C.priceless D.defenseless
79.A.pleasant B.vivid C.violent D.disgusting
80.A.trouble B.treasure C.terror D.trade
【答案】
61-65 ADBCA 66-70 BCADC
71-75 DBCAC 76-80 BDADB
【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。作者通過(guò)自己的行動(dòng)告訴大家,只要我們用心去發(fā)現(xiàn),任何垃圾都有被循環(huán)利用的價(jià)值,這樣我們的世界也會(huì)變得更加美好。
61.考查名詞詞義辨析。A. joy快樂(lè);B. sympathy憐憫;C. doubt懷疑;D. regret遺憾。根據(jù)上文“I realized nothing is rubbish.”可知,當(dāng)他意識(shí)到什么都不是垃圾的時(shí)候,作者是感到快樂(lè)的。故選A。
62.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A. refused拒絕;B. hesitated猶豫;C. liked喜歡;D. started開始。根據(jù)下文“I also began to…”可知,作者開始做這些事情。故選D。
63.考查名詞詞義辨析。A. wealth財(cái)富;B. garbage垃圾;C. investments投資;D. necessities必要性。根據(jù)下文“plastic bags, polluted water, rubber bands, and newspapers, clothes and furniture we______”可知,作者在這里指的是垃圾。故選B。
64.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A. packed up打包;B. brought up撫養(yǎng);C. threw away扔掉;D. gave away贈(zèng)送。根據(jù)上文“we usually think of as_______”可知,這些被認(rèn)為是垃圾的東西都應(yīng)該是被扔掉的東西。故選C。
65.考查名詞詞義辨析。A. value價(jià)值;B. request請(qǐng)求;C. confusion困惑;D. consequence結(jié)果。根據(jù)下文“And I explored the worth of_______.”可知,所有的東西都有被重新利用的價(jià)值。故選A。
66.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A. own擁有;B. find找到;C. forget忘記;D. lose失去。根據(jù)這句話的意思可知,任何事物的價(jià)值都需要我們?nèi)グl(fā)現(xiàn)。故選B。
67.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A. collecting收集;B. recovering康復(fù);C. recycling循環(huán);D. competing競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。根據(jù)下文“I mean recycling isn't just about_______rubbish like putting glass and paper in_______bins. It also requires creativity, commitment and even love.”可知,這是指循環(huán)利用。故選C。
68.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A. sorting分類;B. picking挑揀;C. spotting發(fā)現(xiàn);D. recording記錄。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)ike putting glass and paper in_______bins”可知,這是把垃圾分類。故選A。
69.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. uniform統(tǒng)一的;B. broken破壞的;C. limitless無(wú)限的;D. separate分開的。根據(jù)上文“________rubbish”可知,這是要垃圾分類,所以要把不同類的垃圾分開放在不同的桶里。故選D。
70.考查名詞詞匯辨析。A. fruit水果;B. rice大米;C. leaves葉子;D. vegetables蔬菜。根據(jù)空格前的信息“the autumn”可知,這句話是說(shuō)秋天的樹葉。故選C。
71.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:這并不符合我對(duì)循環(huán)利用垃圾的新概念,所以,我做了一個(gè)新的帶有移動(dòng)箱子的花園,并且搭建了一個(gè)牌子,上面寫著“請(qǐng)把葉子倒進(jìn)這里”。A. compare比較;B. deal解決;C. communicate交流;D. fit適合。根據(jù)下文“so I made a new_______with moving boxes and put up a________saying, ''Dump(傾倒)leaves here".”可知,作者不贊同他鄰居的做法,所以他鄰居的做法不符合他的新概念。故選D。
72.考查名詞詞義辨析。A. platform平臺(tái);B. garden花園;C. picture照片,圖畫;D. schedule行程,安排。根據(jù)下文“as my neighbors_______the leaves in the new garden”可知,作者新開辟了一片花園。故選B。
73.考查名詞詞義辨析。A. building建筑;B. tent帳篷;C. sign牌;D. show展示。根據(jù)下文“saying, ''Dump(傾倒)leaves here"”可知,作者搭建了一個(gè)牌子在箱子旁邊。故選C。
74.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A. piled堆積;B. polished打磨;C. decorated裝飾;D. cleaned打掃。根據(jù)上文“'Dump(傾倒)leaves here”可知,作者讓他的鄰居們把落葉堆到他的新花園里。故選A。
75.考查副詞詞義辨析。A. unwillingly不愿意地;B. hardly幾乎不;C. seriously認(rèn)真地,嚴(yán)肅地;D. casually隨意地。根據(jù)上文“I watched carefully…”和“I also …”可知,作者在認(rèn)真地做這些事情。故選C。
76.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A. submitted提交;B. sowed種;C. removed移除;D. reserved保存。根據(jù)下文“Finally, I had a new ____garden, full of colorful flowers.”可知,作者在新花園里種花了。故選B。
77.考查形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下文“full of colorful flowers.”可知,這個(gè)開滿了各種顏色的花的花園是很有吸引力的。故選D。
78.考查形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下文“If you try hard enough, everything can be recycled.”可知,作者想說(shuō)任何東西都是有用的。故選A。
79.考查形容詞詞義辨析。A. pleasant令人高興的;B. vivid生動(dòng)的;C. violent暴力的;D. disgusting令人惡心的。根據(jù)上文“I even used my bath water to water my garden”可知,作者用洗澡水澆花有點(diǎn)令人惡心。故選D。
80.考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)上文作者的行為可知,作者是在變廢為寶。故選B。
E
(2020·吉林長(zhǎng)春·一模)
話題:文中作者通過(guò)在花園里勞作,學(xué)會(huì)了如何利用土地,同時(shí)領(lǐng)悟到生活就像花園一樣,有成功也有失敗,并從頭到尾欣然接受生命。
難度:★★
建議用時(shí):15分
閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
As I work in the garden, I take my time. And the garden is 81 me about working with the earth. I recognize that there will be both successes and failures and there are many factors that 82 them both. The 83 of the seeds can affect the growth of the plants. The 84 can be too hot, too cold, or 85 right. Weeds need to be 86 and thrown away to 87 that the fruits, vegetables, and flowers we have planted grow well.
I take time to stand back and rest, and to 88 the plants. Each plant is 89 and develops in the way that is best for them. Some have large broad leaves to 90 their fruit from the rays of the sun, while other plants are more 91 , their fruit needing the 92 to grow and ripen.
Getting my hands 93 and feeling the sweat on my forehead, as I work under the summer sun, reminds me I am 94 in the ways I wouldn't have remembered sitting on the couch.
I feel attracted to move things around to transplant and to 95 the natural order of how plants grow. The garden teaches me the importance of knowing when to disturb things and when to let them be. The garden's life cycle 96 a pattern that is repeated according to the 97 of nature. Birth, growth, and then death and it teaches me to accept this fact.
Perhaps life is like the 98 , successes and failures, time to be active and time to 99 to let go of what is no longer needed, to cultivate what helps us to grow into our light and power, and to readily 100 life from beginning to end.
81.A.telling B.concerning C.worrying D.teaching
82.A.destroy B.a(chǎn)ffect C.promote D.exchange
83.A.quality B.color C.shape D.weight
84.A.water B.a(chǎn)ir C.weather D.wind
85.A.a(chǎn)pproximately B.constantly C.exactly D.occasionally
86.A.pulled B.planted C.guarded D.provided
87.A.make sense B.find out C.work out D.make sure
88.A.tend B.observe C.count D.examine
89.A.beautiful B.a(chǎn)verage C.a(chǎn)mazing D.unique
90.A.prevent B.separate C.shade D.remove
91.A.open B.delicate C.straight D.vivid
92.A.energy B.light C.soil D.space
93.A.empty B.dirty C.broken D.free
94.A.a(chǎn)wake B.tired C.a(chǎn)live D.independent
95.A.disturb B.find C.enjoy D.guide
96.A.discovers B.transforms C.draws D.follows
97.A.changes B.reflection C.laws D.development
98.A.plant B.sun C.fruit D.garden
99.A.rest B.quit C.offer D.fight
100.A.expect B.a(chǎn)ccept C.picture D.receive
【答案】
81-85 DBACC 86-90 ADBDC
91-95 ABBCA 96-100 DCDAB
【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文中作者通過(guò)在花園里勞作,學(xué)會(huì)了如何利用土地,遵循自然的法則,同時(shí)領(lǐng)悟到生活就像花園一樣,有成功也有失敗,有時(shí)間活躍也有時(shí)間休息,以放下不再需要的東西,培養(yǎng)有助于我們成長(zhǎng)為光和力量的東西,并從頭到尾欣然接受生命。
81.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)后文“me about working with the earth”可知指花園教會(huì)作者如何利用土地,應(yīng)用teach。故選D。
82.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A. destroy破壞;B. affect影響;C. promote改善;D. exchange交換。呼應(yīng)后文“of the seeds can affect the growth of the plants”指花園被很多因素影響著。故選B。
83.考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)后文“of the seeds can affect the growth of the plants”以及常識(shí),可知種子的質(zhì)量會(huì)影響植物的生長(zhǎng)。故選A。
84.考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)后文“can be too hot, too cold”可知是在描述天氣情況。故選C。
85.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:天氣可能太熱,太冷,或者正好合適。A. approximately大約;B. constantly總是;C. exactly恰好地;D. occasionally偶爾。根據(jù)后文“right”可知指天氣恰好合適,應(yīng)用exactly。故選C。
86.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:雜草需要拔除和扔掉,以確保我們種植的水果、蔬菜和鮮花生長(zhǎng)良好。A. pulled拉;B. planted種植;C. guarded守衛(wèi);D. provided提供。根據(jù)后文“and thrown away”指拔除雜草,應(yīng)用pull。故選A。
87.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A. make sense有意義;B. find out查明;C. work out解決;D. make sure確保。根據(jù)后文“that the fruits, vegetables, and flowers we have planted grow well”可知拔除雜草是為了確保我們種植的水果、蔬菜和鮮花生長(zhǎng)良好。故選D。
88.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:我花時(shí)間站在后面休息,觀察植物。A. tend照料;B. observe觀察;C. count計(jì)數(shù);D. examine檢查。根據(jù)上文“I take time to stand back and rest, and to”可知作者花時(shí)間觀察植物,故選B。
89.考查形容詞詞義辨析。A. beautiful美麗的;B. average平均的;C. amazing令人驚訝的;D. unique獨(dú)特的。根據(jù)后文“and develops in the way that is best for them”可知植物以最適合它們的方式生長(zhǎng),所以是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的。故選D。
90.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)后文“their fruit from the rays of the sun”可知,此處指給果實(shí)遮陰,不受陽(yáng)光的照射,故選C。
91.考查形容詞詞義辨析。上文提到一些植物需要遮陰,那么一些植物則需要陽(yáng)光,所以需要開放的空間。故選A。
92.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:有些植物有寬大的葉子來(lái)遮擋它們的果實(shí)不受陽(yáng)光的照射,而另一些植物則更加開放,它們的果實(shí)需要陽(yáng)光來(lái)生長(zhǎng)和成熟。A. energy能量;B. light燈光,光線;C. soil土壤;D. space空間。根據(jù)后文“to grow and ripen”以及常識(shí),可知果實(shí)需要光線來(lái)生長(zhǎng)和成熟。故選B。
93.考查形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)后文“and feeling the sweat on my forehead”以及作者在花園里工作,所以會(huì)弄臟雙手。故選B。
94.考查形容詞詞義辨析。A. awake醒著的;B. tired疲憊的;C. alive活著的;D. independent獨(dú)立的。根據(jù)上文“as I work under the summer sun, reminds me I am”可知在花園里勞作,讓作者感覺(jué)自己是活著的,故選C。
95.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。呼應(yīng)后文“when to disturb things and when to let them be”指擾亂植物生長(zhǎng)的自然秩序。故選A。
96.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:花園的生命周期遵循一種模式,這種模式是根據(jù)自然法則重復(fù)的。A. discovers發(fā)現(xiàn);B. transforms變換;C. draws繪畫;D. follows遵循,跟隨。根據(jù)后文“a pattern”指遵循一種模式,應(yīng)用follow。故選D。
97.考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)后文“of nature”可知指自然法則,應(yīng)用laws。故選C。
98.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:也許生活就像花園一樣,有成功也有失敗,有時(shí)間活躍也有時(shí)間休息,以放下不再需要的東西,培養(yǎng)有助于我們成長(zhǎng)為光和力量的東西,并從頭到尾欣然接受生命。A. plant植物;B. sun太陽(yáng);C. fruit水果;D. garden花園。呼應(yīng)上文中“As I work in the garden”提到的花園,指生活就像花園。故選D。
99.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A. rest休息;B. quit停止;C. offer提供;D. fight戰(zhàn)斗。根據(jù)上文“time to be active and time to”可知指有時(shí)間休息,故選A。
100.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)后文“l(fā)ife from beginning to end”指接受生活,應(yīng)用accept。故選B。
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