【命題趨勢(shì)】閱讀理解七選五要求從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中（均為完整的句子）選出五個(gè)能填入文章空處的最佳選項(xiàng)，主要考查考生對(duì)文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握，體現(xiàn)了《新課標(biāo)》“用英語(yǔ)獲取、處理和運(yùn)用信息的能力；逐步獲取用英語(yǔ)思維的能力。”的閱讀學(xué)習(xí)和教學(xué)理念。從《考試說(shuō)明》對(duì)該題型命題目的的表述“主要考查考生對(duì)文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握”可以得出以下判斷：該題備選項(xiàng)可分為主旨概括句（文章整體內(nèi)容）、過(guò)渡性句子（文章結(jié)構(gòu)）和注釋性句子（上下文邏輯意義）三類。其多余的兩個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)也往往從這三方面進(jìn)行設(shè)置，例如主旨概括句或過(guò)于寬泛或以偏概全或偏離主題，過(guò)渡性句子不能反映文章的行文結(jié)構(gòu)，注釋性句子與上文脫節(jié)等。文章體裁以說(shuō)明文為主，語(yǔ)篇模式較為固定：提出問(wèn)題—提供解決方案。文章題材較為固定：與學(xué)生的日常生活學(xué)習(xí)緊密相關(guān)。【滿分技巧】【答題技巧】細(xì)節(jié)類題型解題技巧(詞匯的銜接或邏輯的銜接)1.詞匯的銜接（1)詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)復(fù)現(xiàn)，是保證文章前后銜接而經(jīng)常使用的一種寫作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置對(duì)同一個(gè)概念進(jìn)行重復(fù)描述。復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系，主要是指原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。（2)代詞線索英語(yǔ)表達(dá)中代詞出現(xiàn)的頻率極高，代詞的作用無(wú)非是指代前面提及的名詞或形容詞概念，巧妙利用這樣的指代關(guān)系和根據(jù)代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)差異可以準(zhǔn)確而快速地解題。例如it可指代單數(shù)名詞或整個(gè)句子；they或them指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞；one指代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞；that指代不可數(shù)名詞或句子；this指代單數(shù)名詞或句子;these 或those指代前句的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。2.邏輯關(guān)系的銜接    過(guò)渡性句子可以從細(xì)節(jié)邏輯上判斷可分為：A, 并列關(guān)系：First, then/next,...; for one thing, for another thing ,...; then /next ,finally/last 等。B, 遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：too, also, besides, moreover, what’s more, in addition,not ...but..., not only ...but also等。C, 解釋例證關(guān)系：for example, for instance, actually ,in other words /that is to say 等D, 因果關(guān)系： so /therefore ,thus ,consequently(結(jié)果） ,as a result (of), so/ such ...that ..., so that ...等E, 轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比關(guān)系：however , yet ,while /though ,or /otherwise ,on the contrary ,instead, nevertheless等F, 概況歸納關(guān)系：in short , in brief , in summary ,to conclude ,in conclusion, in a word , to sum up 等。3.篇章結(jié)構(gòu)類題解題技巧根據(jù)試題所在位置確定不同的解題策略 （1)如果問(wèn)題在段首     通常是段落主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找同義詞或其他相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句。關(guān)注每段首尾句，了解大意知主題。   （2)如果問(wèn)題在段尾    通常是結(jié)論、概括性語(yǔ)句。注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示結(jié)果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)等的信號(hào)詞，如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等詞語(yǔ)，選項(xiàng)中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。【解題步驟】我們可以嘗試以下四步走。先讀文章的開(kāi)始部分，明確文章的基本話題，然后仔細(xì)閱讀五個(gè)空各自的前后句尋找并畫出關(guān)鍵詞。2.要對(duì)文章中出現(xiàn)的銜接手段保持敏感度。銜接手段分為三種：詞匯銜接、邏輯銜接、結(jié)構(gòu)銜接。可按這幾個(gè)原則判斷原文的空與選項(xiàng)是否匹配。3.一旦確定一個(gè)選項(xiàng)，就要在該選項(xiàng)上做出標(biāo)記（例如可以刪掉），以避免干擾和分散注意力。4.將選項(xiàng)代入到文章中重讀，依據(jù)行文邏輯，再次確定選項(xiàng)。【熱點(diǎn)話題】    七選五熱衷的話題有：學(xué)生生活，運(yùn)動(dòng)健康，社會(huì)現(xiàn)象【限時(shí)檢測(cè)】（建議用時(shí)：每篇7分鐘）A（2021·浙江·紹興市柯橋區(qū)教師發(fā)展中心模擬預(yù)測(cè)）話題：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代的隱私安全問(wèn)題，并說(shuō)明了減少隱私泄露的方法難度：★★建議用時(shí)：7分根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容， 從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。In a highly-connected world where your phone is always with you, information is being collected and shared every second.“So what?” you say. “I have nothing to hide.” 1.       According to some experts, people may not understand the scope (范圍) of the problem. The problem is that while companies and data brokers are hovering up all the information they can, there are no laws governing what they can do with that information. 2.       Someone knowing that you ordered three extra-large pizzas for dinner last Friday night may seem harm-less enough, but there's a deeper principle at play. 3．        As cyber expert Bruce Schneier says, “Privacy is a basic human right, and a requirement for maintaining the human condition with dignity and respect.”4.        We click “I Agree” without reading the user agreements. We say we will do one of those privacy checkups one day. but we never quite get around to it. And that means your personal information could be used against you in the future in ways you can't imagine today. So what can you do to protect yourself? 5.        If you' re worried about your personal information getting lifted, don't hand over your name, address, or phone number easily. Besides, choose a paper receipt or no receipt rather than getting one via text or e-mail. To stop your phone acting as a tracker, also turn off Location Services for all apps except maps andothers that expressly need to know where you are. You can do this in settings, under Privacy and Location.A．Don’t be so sure.B．Yet we do little to block the spies.C．Care about who owns and controls the data.D．We don't want to prevent all Internet spying.E.Privacy is not just about freedom from embarrassment.F.You can minimize some unwanted spying by taking these measures.G.That includes things you thought were private, such as your health data, beliefs and daily habits.B（2021·海南·一模）話題：教孩子享受徒步旅行的建議。難度：★★建議用時(shí)：7分根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容， 從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。How to Teach Your Kids to Enjoy HikingHiking is one of my family's favorite things to do. Ever since my kids were babies, we've been getting out of the house on most weekends to explore and get exercise.6.       I get this question a lot from others who express surprise at my 5-aged children's ability to walk 10 miles or their willingness to climb 2 , 800-foot peaks. They say their children don't even want to walk to school, let alone walk for hours in rough conditions. So what's the secret?In fact, there is no secret. 7.       I don't mean physical drills. I mean building their confidence through experience of hiking with regularity.I've made a list of the things I think about whenever we head out on a multi-hour hike. This list has expanded over the years, as I've learned what works and what doesn't. 8.       But for anyone starting out hiking with kids, I recommend you keep these suggestions in mind.Eat before you leave and carry food and water. 9.       That way you avoid kids complaining about being hungry within a few minutes of starting.Show them a route map. Kids like knowing where they are in the world, and maps are perfect for helping them understand that. I always take some time before we leave to show them where we are and where we're headed. Point out landmarks they will see. Talk about how long it will take. 10.       Invite another family to join you, especially one whose kids know how to hike, too. Having company will motivate all of the children to push forward.A．How do we benefit from hiking?B．But how can we manage to do it?C．And I'd like to share my list with you.D．So they don't ask me, " Are we there yet?"E.Not every family's list will look the same.F.It's just years of training that gets them to this point.G.We usually have a quick bite before we set off.C（2021·山東省實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)模擬預(yù)測(cè)）話題：人們們喜歡戴著耳機(jī)“躲”在自己世界里的原因和好處，但同時(shí)也可能因此變成科技“奴隸”。難度：★★建議用時(shí)：7分根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容， 從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Today it is common to see people who walk about with colored wires hanging from their ears wherever they go. They move about in their personal bubbles，sometimes unaware of what’s happening around them. 11．      Outside life is shut out. So are you one of “them”?For me, walking around in my own personal bubble is perfect. 12.       What’s even better, wearing earphones seems to give a signal to people which says：“I'm not available for chatting at the moment.” Suppose you’re at work and about to make an incredible breakthrough，but a colleague suddenly turns up. At this precise moment，the slightest disturbance would break your concentration. 13.       Once again，those wires hanging from your ears would be sure to give that “Go away!” signal. 14.         It’s probably part of the growing up stage when they just want to ignore their whole family. While their mothers give them lectures about why they should do their homework，they can just turn up the volume on their MP3 player, smile and say “Yes, Mum.” Problem solved. Pretty soon，not only will we have pretty colored wires hanging from our ears，but also our brains will be directly plugged into some new high-tech instrument. We’ll be in a virtual world，communicating with everyone else，as we like. In this world，we will all be permanently plugged in. 15.       And they are changing our social habits along the way. In the end, there is a thin line between using technology as a tool for making life better and being a slave to it! It’s so strange—suddenly. I don’t feel like wearing my earphones anymore.A．Our instruments are changing quickly.B．I also have wires hanging from my ears.C．In the home situation，teenagers love these wires.D．I don’t have to deal with the noise from the environment.E.After all，I am listening to my favourite music and would rather not be disturbed.F.They walk around in their own spaces, with their personal “digital noise reduction systems”.G.Listening to music through earphones is one of the perfect ways to ignore such interruptions.D（2021·吉林·東北師大附中模擬預(yù)測(cè)）話題：提出了一些與親密的人增進(jìn)聯(lián)系的方法。難度：★★建議用時(shí)：7分根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。How to Feel ConnectedIt's easy to feel disconnected from what is going on around you in today's fast-paced world. 16.      You can get in touch and feel connected, however, by following the tips below:Consider why you feel disconnected. Knowing what is making you feel disconnected can help you choose the best ways to address it. 17.      Ask yourself these questions: Are you keeping yourself occupied with work too much? Do you rely on electronic communication instead of face-to-face communication? Do you lack friendships that are satisfying?Interact with people in person. Technology is a great way to stay in touch, but sometimes you need to spend time with other people in person. 18.       You can also take steps to feel more connected by making small-talk with strangers who arc sharing parts of your day.19.       Your loved ones could feel shy, so you may never know how to improve your relationship unless you ask the right questions. Asking them to open the doors can give you some insight on what you can do. Learning this information can help to strengthen your bond.Show appreciation. 20.        Unfortunately, it is something that people who are close often take for granted. Telling someone you appreciate their time, love, and efforts can strengthen your bond and help you to become more connected.A．Ask others what they need from you.B．A simple “thank you” goes a very long way.C．Feeling connected gives people great confidence.D．A gift should be delivered to friends on special occasions.E.Sometimes you can feel isolated and distant from the ones you love.F.Attending family events can help strengthen your relationship and keep it strong.G.Targeting your efforts toward those issues allows you to close that distance more effectively.E（2021·江蘇無(wú)錫·一模）話題：文章主要介紹了電影《塑料海洋》的制作核反應(yīng)的塑料污染問(wèn)題，告訴我們應(yīng)該提高環(huán)保意識(shí)，改變現(xiàn)狀。難度：★★建議用時(shí)：7分根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。A Plastic Ocean is a film to make you think. Think, and then act. We need to take action on our dependence on plastic. We've been producing plastic in huge quantities. Drinking bottles, shopping bags and even clothes are made with plastic. 21.        What happens to all the rest? This is the question the film A Plastic Ocean answers.The film begins as a journey to film the largest animal on the planet, the blue whale. But during the journey, the filmmakers make the shocking discovery of a huge, thick layer of plastic floating in the Indian Ocean. 22.       In total, they visited 20 locations around the world during the four years to make the film.In the film there are beautiful shots of the seas and marine life. 23.       We see how marine species (海洋物種) are being killed by all the plastic we are dumping (傾倒) in the ocean. The message about our use of plastic is painfully obvious.24.        In the second half, the filmmakers look at what we can do to deal with the problem.They present short - term and long -term solutions. These include avoiding plastic containers and recycle as much as you can. The filmmakers also stress the need for governments to work more on recycling programmes.We make a shocking amount of plastic. Over 300 million tons of plastic are produced every year, and at least 8 million of those are dumped into the oceans. The results are disastrous, but it isn't too late to change. 25.      A．In conclusion, we only have one earth to live on.B．But the film doesn't only present the negative side.C．It has raised public concern all over the world.D．These are contrasted with dumps of plastic rubbish.E.Once you've seen the film, you'll realize it is time to do our part.F.We live in a world full of plastic, and only a small amount is recycled.G.This causes them to travel around the world to look at other affected areas.G（2021·北京·高考真題） 話題：音樂(lè)對(duì)身體的好處難度：★★建議用時(shí)：7分根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Music has long been considered to be an enjoyable pastime for many people.  26.        The mental health benefits from music can't be argued. Music could also be helping you with many other health problems behind the scenes.27.       However, for the same reason, music can be very beneficial if one is in pain. By distracting （分心） the mind from the pain, music, people say, can lower stress and anxiety levels. This, of course, can lead to less pain.Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed. 28.       While the validity of the idea is still being assessed, the lowered stress can even be tied back to blood pressure. Similarly, according to researchers, listening to just 30 minutes of soft music every day may help with healthy blood sugar levels, through the lowering of stress and anxiety.When it comes to heart health, there is speculation （推測(cè)） that it's not the style of music, but rather the tempo that makes it so good for your heart health. In one European study, participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure. 29.       On the other hand, when the music slowed, the participants' stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects on heart rates appeared to follow suit.30.       But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for, which is what makes music so valuable.A．This feeling can also result in many other health problems.B．Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud.C．This idea is a little off-the-wall but still has scientific backing.D．They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep.E.The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive.F.It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety.G.Interestingly, the more cheerful the music was, the faster their heart rates were. 

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