2022年高考最新熱點時文閱讀-太空閃耀的“她力量”北京時間11月8日1時16分，神舟十三號航天員乘組圓滿完成第一次出艙活動全部既定任務(wù)，王亞平成為中國首位進行出艙活動的女航天員，邁出了中國女性艙外太空行走第一步。這是中國載人航天事業(yè)的新高度，也是中國婦女事業(yè)的新成就。太空中的“她力量”再譜新篇，令人欣喜贊嘆。
圓滿完成出艙任務(wù)的王亞平，向全球億萬追逐夢想、向往美好的女性，傳遞出了最積極的能量！01（2022·湖南益陽·高一期末）On Nov 8. Wang Yaping, a female taikonaut of Shenzhou XIII mission, became China’s first and the world’s 16th female spacewalker. The expected six-month journey in space has left many people curious about the differences between male and female astronauts, especially in terms of performing extravehicular（艙外的）activities (EVAs). Despite physical challenges, female astronauts have unique advantages. Mutual understanding between astronauts is very important for carrying out EVAs, which is the basis of excellent communication skills. Women arc superior in communication and language expression, and this helps female astronauts conduct EVAs. Female astronauts’ strong communication skills and energy also help the crew maintain high team spirit throughout their stay, according to Pang Zhihao, a spaceflight researcher in Beijing. Men and women are different in body size, which also gives women unique advantages for spacewalks. A different body shape requires a different spacesuit. A tailor-made spacesuit was prepared for Wang’s EVAs, which was lighter than the male version. Designers optimized （優(yōu)化） this spacesuit to make it more suitable for astronauts with slimmer figures. Many studies have found that female astronauts are well adapted to carrying out space missions, and have advantages over male astronauts in qualities such as attention to detail and thinking from all angles. Besides, men often do well in shorter-term, goal-oriented situations, while women are better in longer-tenn, habitation-type circumstances, according to National Geographic. Women’s participation in EVAs is a necessary part of space missions, and we are witnessing （見證）history thanks to Wang’s bravery, according to Pang.1．What can female astronauts’ communication skills help do?A．Conduct various tasks. B．Do some space research.C．Keep the crew’s spirits high. D．Rise to physical challenges.2．Which of the following is an advantage females have over male astronauts?A．Females can adapt to space more quickly.B．Female bodies are stronger and more flexible.C．Females deal with goal-oriented situations better than males.D．Females pay more attention to details and think comprehensively.3．What do we know about Wang’s EVAs?A．She is the first ever female spacewalker.B．The spacesuit she wore was specially designed.C．The mission she carried out showed the power of China.D．She performed some tasks that her male partners couldn’t do.4．What is the text mainly about?A．The importance of female astronauts.B．The advantages of females performing EVAs.C．The preparations for the first female spacewalk.D．The challenges female astronauts face during a spacewalk.02（2022·山東泰安·高三期末）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Chinese astronaut Wang Yaping made history on November 7, 2021 ___5___ she became the country’s first woman to conduct a spacewalk.Wang and fellow astronaut Zhai Zhigang, two of the three-member team currently at China’s new Tiangong space station, ___6___ (successful) completed the 6.5 hour spacewalk in the early hours of Monday morning. The third member of the Shenzhou-13 crew, Ye Guangfu, ___7___ (stay) on the space station to support the spacewalk from the core module.During the spacewalk, the team installed a suspension device and transfer connectors to the station’s robotic arm. They also tested the ___8___ (safe) of supporting equipment, ___9___(include) China’s domestically produced spacesuit. It’s the first time that the crew ___10___(exit) the station since their arrival on October 16. Shortly after stepping out of the space station’s cabin on Sunday, Wang waved to ___11___ (audience) on Earth and said she felt great, in a video ___12___ (release) by the flight control center.Wang is China’s second woman in space, after Liu Yang made history by joining ___13___ Shenzhou-9 spacecraft in 2012. Before Wang, only 15 women globally had conducted spacewalks ___14___ 1984, when Soviet astronaut Svetlana Savitskaya became the first to do so.03（2022·安徽·安慶市教育教學(xué)研究室高一期末）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Liu Yang is a Chinese pilot and astronaut. On June 16, 2012, Liu became the first Chinese woman in space. She graduated ___15___ People’s Liberation Army Air Force Aviation College of Changchun. After two years of astronaut training, Liu __16__ (be) excellent in testing. Liu was selected for the crew（機組）of Shenzhou-IX, the first manned mission（任務(wù)）to the Chinese space station Tiangong-1. Liu became the first woman Chinese astronaut __17__ (go) into space. The mission was launched on June 16, 2012. During this manned space mission, Liu did some ___18___ (experiment) in space medicine. Wang Yaping became a crew member of the Shenzhou-10 space mission in 2013. And more ___19___ (important), she was famous as China’s first space teacher after giving __20__ 40-minute live lesson to students from a place __21__ (many) than 300 kilometres above the Earth’s surface. Again Wang Yaping ___22___ (choose) to take part in the Shenzhou-13 crewed mission, with the spaceship launched on Oct. 16, 2021. She became the first woman who entered China’s space station core module（核心艙）__23__ is called Tianhe. She is very likely to draw global attention again during her second space mission. More ___24___ (challenge) tasks wait for her to complete: a spacewalk and the second class.04（2022·甘肅·金昌市第一中學(xué)高二期末）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Wang Yaping, 41, is part of a three-member team heading for the Tiangong space station, ____25____ she is expected to become the first Chinese woman ____26____ (conduct) a spacewalk. This time, Wang’s team will stay for 183 days…the longest stay in space by Chinese astronauts. She will ____27____ (accompany) by Zhai Zhigang, 55, and Ye Guangfu, 41. It will be Wang’s second space mission. A major in the Chinese People’s Liberation Army Air Force and a transport plane pilot, she was recruited(招募)as ____28____ astronaut in 2010. In 2013, she spent 15 days in orbit. From a trial space station lab, she gave a science lecture to 60 million students across China, ____29____ (show) them surface tension of liquids in space, conducting Kung Fu moves and answering questions. According to Wang, a manned space program ____30____female astronauts would be incomplete. “It is like a woman’s role in the family. Women have ____31____ (responsibility). We also make serious questions ____32____ (interesting) than on the earth,” she said. Wang is China’s ____33____ (two) woman in space, after astronaut Liu Yang. In 2012, Liu made history by joining a three-person team on the Shenzhou-9 spacecraft—a milestone ____34____(celebrate) by women across China.  參考答案：1．C2．D3．B4．B【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了女性宇航員執(zhí)行太空任務(wù)的獨特優(yōu)勢。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Female astronauts’ strong communication skills and energy also help the crew maintain high team spirit throughout their stay, according to Pang Zhihao, a spaceflight researcher in Beijing.”（北京航天研究員龐之浩表示，女性宇航員強大的溝通能力和精力也有助于全體宇航員在逗留期間保持高度的團隊精神。）可知，女性宇航員的溝通技巧有助于全體宇航員保持高昂的情緒。故選C項。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Many studies have found that female astronauts are well adapted to carrying out space missions, and have advantages over male astronauts in qualities such as attention to detail and thinking from all angles.”（許多研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，女性宇航員非常適合執(zhí)行太空任務(wù)，在注重細節(jié)和從各個角度思考等素質(zhì)上比男性宇航員更具優(yōu)勢。）可知，與男性宇航員相比，女性宇航員具備的優(yōu)勢是更加注重細節(jié)，可以全面思考。故選D項。3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“A tailor-made spacesuit was prepared for Wang’s EVAs, which was lighter than the male version. Designers optimized this spacesuit to make it more suitable for astronauts with slimmer figures.”（為王亞平的EVAs準備了一套特制的宇航服，它比男版更輕。設(shè)計師們對這套宇航服進行了優(yōu)化，使其更適合身材苗條的宇航員。）可知，王亞平的宇航服是專門設(shè)計的。故選B項。4．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Despite physical challenges, female astronauts have unique advantages.”（盡管面臨身體上的挑戰(zhàn)，女性宇航員仍有獨特的優(yōu)勢。）以及文章內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了女性宇航員執(zhí)行太空任務(wù)的獨特優(yōu)勢。故選B項。 5．when6．successfully7．stayed8．safety9．including10．has exited##have exited11．audiences12．released13．the14．since【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了中國宇航員王亞平，她創(chuàng)造了歷史，成為中國首位進行太空行走的女性。5．考查定語從句的關(guān)系詞。句意：2021年11月7日，中國宇航員王亞平創(chuàng)造了歷史，成為中國首位進行太空行走的女性。先行詞為November 7, 2021，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句且在從句中作時間狀語，用關(guān)系副詞when。故填when。6．考查副詞。句意：周一凌晨，王岐山和他的同事翟志剛成功完成了6.5小時的太空行走，他們是目前在中國新的天宮空間站的三人團隊中的兩名成員。設(shè)空處后為動詞complete，設(shè)空處應(yīng)為副詞形式作狀語修飾動詞。故填successfully。7．考查時態(tài)。句意：神舟十三號機組的第三名成員葉光福留在空間站，以支持核心艙的太空行走。設(shè)空處在句中作謂語，敘述過去發(fā)生的事，應(yīng)用一般過去時。故填stayed。8．考查名詞。句意：他們還測試了包括中國國產(chǎn)航天服在內(nèi)的配套設(shè)備的安全性。設(shè)空處作動詞tested的賓語，應(yīng)用名詞的形式，safety為抽象名詞。故填safety。9．考查介詞。句意：他們還測試了包括中國國產(chǎn)航天服在內(nèi)的配套設(shè)備的安全性。“介詞including (包括……在內(nèi)) +名詞”作后置定語修飾supporting equipment。故填including。10．考查時態(tài)。句意：這是自10月16日抵達空間站以來，宇航員首次離開空間站。設(shè)空處在句中作謂語，It is +序數(shù)詞+that從句的時態(tài)應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在完成時，主語為crew，crew表示飛機或輪船的全體工作人員時，是集合名詞。用作主語時，若視為整體，謂語用單數(shù)；若考慮其個體，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。結(jié)合主謂一致，故填has/have excited。11．考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：周日，在飛行控制中心發(fā)布的一段視頻中，走出空間站后不久，王亞平就向地球上的觀眾揮手致意，說她感覺很棒。設(shè)空處作介詞to的賓語，應(yīng)用名詞的形式，名詞前無冠詞修飾，應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)的形式，表泛指。故填audiences。12．考查非謂語動詞。句意：周日，在飛行控制中心發(fā)布的一段視頻中，走出空間站后不久，王亞平就向地球上的觀眾揮手致意，說她感覺很棒。設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語動詞，和邏輯主語a video之間是邏輯的被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞做后置定語，修飾名詞a video。故填released。13．考查冠詞。句意：王亞平是中國第二位進入太空的女性，此前劉洋在2012年加入神舟九號飛船，創(chuàng)造了歷史。設(shè)空處后為名詞，根據(jù)后置定語“in 2012 (在2021年)”可知此處表示特指。應(yīng)用定冠詞the。故填the。14．考查介詞。句意：在王亞平之前，自1984年以來，當時蘇聯(lián)宇航員斯維特蘭娜·薩維茨卡婭成為第一個這樣做的人，全球只有15名女性進行了太空行走。結(jié)合句意，此處表示“自從……以來”。故填since。 15．from16．was17．to go18．experiments19．importantly20．a21．more22．was chosen23．that##which24．challenging【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了兩位中國女宇航員劉洋和王亞平的情況。15．考查介詞。句意：劉洋畢業(yè)于中國人民解放軍空軍長春航空學(xué)院。graduate from...為固定短語，意為“畢業(yè)于……”，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填介詞from。故填from。 16．考查動詞時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：兩年的宇航員訓(xùn)練之后，劉在測試方面表現(xiàn)出色。根據(jù)語境可推知，句子用一般過去時態(tài)。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填謂語動詞，且主語she為第三人稱單數(shù)，be應(yīng)用was。故填was。17．考查非謂語動詞。句意：劉成為中國第一位進入太空的女宇航員。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子謂語動詞為became，設(shè)空處為動詞不定式to go，作表語the first woman Chinese astronaut的后置定語，意為“第一個……的人”。故填to go。18．考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：在這次載人航天任務(wù)中，劉做了一些空間醫(yī)學(xué)實驗。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處為謂語動詞did的賓語，由some修飾，experiment為可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填experiments。19．考查副詞。句意：更重要的是，她是中國第一位太空教師，在距地球表面300多公里的地方給學(xué)生上了40分鐘的直播課。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處為副詞，修飾整個句子，作狀語。important為形容詞，其副詞為importantly。故填importantly。20．考查冠詞。句意：更重要的是，她是中國第一位太空教師，在距地球表面300多公里的地方給學(xué)生上了40分鐘的直播課。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，lesson為賓語，可數(shù)名詞，此處表示泛指，其定語40-minute發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，需用不定冠詞a。故填a。21．考查短語。句意：更重要的是，她是中國第一位太空教師，在距地球表面300多公里的地方給學(xué)生上了40分鐘的直播課。more than為固定短語，符合句意。故填more。22．考查動詞時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：再一次，王亞平被選中參加神舟十三號載人飛船任務(wù)，飛船于2021年10月16日發(fā)射。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)及語境可知，設(shè)空處為謂語動詞，用一般過去時，動詞choose與邏輯主語Wang Yaping之間為動賓關(guān)系，故用被動語態(tài)，主語Wang Yaping為第三人稱單數(shù)，助動詞be用was。故填was chosen。23．考查定語從句。句意：她成為第一個進入中國空間站核心艙“天河”的女性。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子謂語動詞為became，后跟由who引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾表語the first woman，該定語從句中還包含一個定語從句，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填關(guān)系代詞，先行詞為China’s space station core module，在這個定語從句中先行詞作主語，為物，設(shè)空處可填which或者that。故填that/which。 24．考查形容詞。句意：更有挑戰(zhàn)性的任務(wù)等著她去完成:太空行走和第二節(jié)課。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填形容詞，challenge為名詞，其形容詞為challenging，此處more challenging為形容詞比較級做前置定語，修飾句子主語tasks。故填challenging。  25．where26．to conduct27．be accompanied28．an29．showing30．without31．responsibilities32．more interesting33．second34．celebrated【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明女性宇航員王亞萍進入天宮執(zhí)行任務(wù)表明女性在航天事業(yè)中的重要性。25．考查定語從句。句意：41歲的王亞萍是前往天宮空間站的三人小組的一員，她有望成為第一位進行太空行走的中國女性。分析可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，關(guān)系詞代替先行詞 the Tiangong space station在從句中作地點狀語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where。故填where。26．考查非謂語動詞。句意：41歲的王亞萍是前往天宮空間站的三人小組的一員，她有望成為第一位進行太空行走的中國女性。名詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時，常用不定式作后置定語。the first Chinese woman to conduct a spacewalk“第一位進行太空行走的中國女性”。故填to conduct。27．考查被動語態(tài)。句意：她將由55歲的翟志剛和41歲的葉光富陪同。主語she和accompany是被動關(guān)系，空前有will，空處用be done。故填be accompanied。28．考查冠詞。句意：作為中國人民解放軍空軍少校和運輸機飛行員，她于2010年被招募為宇航員。astronaut“宇航員”為可數(shù)名詞，此處是泛指，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，且astronaut以元音音素開頭，故填an。29．考查非謂語動詞。句意：在一個試驗性的空間站實驗室里，她給全國6000萬名學(xué)生做了一場科學(xué)講座，向他們展示了太空中液體的表面張力，做了一些功夫動作，并回答了一些問題。句中已有謂語動詞gave且無連詞，故空處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞，作狀語，show和邏輯主語she之間為主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填showing。30．考查介詞。句意：王亞萍說，沒有女性宇航員的載人航天計劃是不完整的。根據(jù)下文“It is like a woman’s role in the family. ”可知，此處是指“沒有女性航天員的載人航天計劃是不完整的”，結(jié)合句子結(jié)構(gòu)，介詞without“沒有”符合題意。故填without。31．考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：女性有責任。responsibility“責任”可數(shù)名詞，此處沒有修飾限定詞，用復(fù)數(shù)形式表泛指。故填responsibilities。故填responsibilities。32．考查形容詞比較級。句意：我們也讓地球上嚴肅的問題變得更有趣。此處應(yīng)用形容詞作賓語補足語，根據(jù)than可知用interesting的比較級形式more interesting。故填more interesting。33．考查序數(shù)詞。句意：王亞萍是繼劉洋后第二位在太空的女性宇航員。結(jié)合句意表示“第二”應(yīng)用序數(shù)詞second。故填second。34．考查非謂語動詞。句意：2012年，劉洋在神舟九號飛船上加入了一個三人團隊，創(chuàng)造了歷史，是中國女性慶祝的里程碑。句中已有謂語動詞made且無連詞，故空處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞，celebrate和邏輯主語milestone之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞形式，作后置定語。故填celebrated。  

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