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絕密★啟用前試卷類型:A
2018年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試
英語(yǔ)(天津卷)
本試卷分為第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)兩部分,共130分,考試用時(shí)100分鐘。
答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考號(hào)填寫在答題卡上,并在規(guī)定位置粘貼考試用條形碼。答卷時(shí),考生務(wù)必將答案涂寫在答題卡上,答在試卷上的無(wú)效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
祝各位考生考試順利!
第Ⅰ卷
注意事項(xiàng):
1.每小題選出答案后,用鉛筆將答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng),用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。
2.本卷共55小題,共95分。
第一部分:英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)
第一節(jié):單項(xiàng)填空(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)
從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
例:Stand over there 　　　you’ll be able to see it better.?
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A.or B.and C.but D.while
答案是B。
1.—Wasn’t Joan supposed to be here by now?
—　　　.She will be here in about twenty minutes.?
A.All right B.Don’t worry C.No wonder D.Enjoy yourself
2.Kate,　　　 sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.?
A.whom B.that C.whose D.her
3.At first Robert wouldn’t let his daughter go diving,but eventually he 　　　as she was so confident about her skills.?
A.gave in B.dressed up C.broke in D.turned up
4.Let’s not pick these peaches until this weekend 　　　they get sweet enough to be eaten.?
A.ever since B.as if C.even though D.so that
5.—I’m moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help.
—　　　.Just let me know when, and I’ll be there.?
A.You bet B.It depends C.Forget it D.No kidding
6.The 　　　that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.?
A.advice B.order C.possibility D.invitation
7.I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph 　　　.?
A.taking B.taken C.being taken D.take
8.It took him a long time to 　　　the skills he needed to become a good dancer.?
A.display B.acquire C.teach D.test
9.The gold medal will be awarded to 　　　wins the first place in the bicycle race.?
A.whomever B.wherever C.whoever D.whatever
10.I can’t find my purse.I 　　　it in the supermarket yesterday,but I’m not sure.?
A.should leave B.must have left C.might leave D.could have left
11.Bob thought he couldn’t go to the party because he had to write a report,but he went 　　　.?
A.at first B.after all C.above all D.at random
12.I didn’t mean 　　　anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help 　　　it.?
A.to eat;to try B.eating;trying C.eating;to try D.to eat;trying
13.My washing machine 　　　this week,so I have to wash my clothes by hand.?
A.was repaired B.is repaired
C.is being repaired D.has been repaired
14.It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house 　　　we saw Lily in the passenger seat.?
A.which B.that C.when D.where
15.If we 　　　the flight yesterday,we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.?
A.had caught B.caught C.have caught D.would catch
第二節(jié):完形填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)
閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從16~35各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
No one is born a winner.People make themselves into winners by their own 　16　.?
I learned this lesson from a(n) 　17　 many years ago.I took the head 　18　 job at a school in Baxley,Georgia.It was a small school with a weak football program.?
It was a tradition for the school’s old team to play against the 　19　 team at the end of spring practice.The old team had no coach,and they didn’t even practice to 　20　 the game.Being the coach of the new team,I was excited because I knew we were going to win,but to my disappointment we were defeated.I couldn’t 　21　 I had got into such a situation.Thinking hard about it,I came to 　22　 that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia,but they were 　23　 me.I had to change my 　24　 about their ability and potential.?
I started doing anything I could to help them build a little 　25　.Most important,I began to treat them like 　26　.That summer,when the other teams enjoyed their 　27　,we met every day and 　28　 passing and kicking the football.?
Six months after suffering our 　29　 on the spring practice field,we won our first game and our second,and continued to 　30　.Finally,we faced the number one team in the state.I felt that it would be a 　31　 for us even if we lost the game.But that wasn’t what happened.My boys beat the best team in Georgia,giving me one of the greatest 　32　 of my life!?
From the experience I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can 　33　 the members of a team.Instead of seeing my boys as losers,I pushed and 　34　 them.I helped them to see themselves 　35　,and they built themselves into winners.?
Winners are made,not born.
16.A.luck B.tests C.efforts D.nature
17.A.experiment B.experience C.visit D.show
18.A.operating B.editing C.consulting D.coaching
19.A.successful B.excellent C.strong D.new
20.A.cheer for B.prepare for C.help with D.finish with
21.A.believe B.agree C.describe D.regret
22.A.realize B.claim C.permit D.demand
23.A.reacting to B.looking for C.depending on D.caring about
24.A.decision B.attitude C.conclusion D.intention
25.A.pride B.culture C.fortune D.relationship
26.A.leaders B.partners C.winners D.learners
27.A.rewards B.vacations C.health D.honor
28.A.risked B.missed C.considered D.practiced
29.A.defeat B.decline C.accident D.mistake
30.A.relax B.improve C.expand D.defend
31.A.shame B.burden C.victory D.favor
32.A.chances B.thrills C.concerns D.offers
33.A.surprise B.serve C.interest D.affect
34.A.encouraged B.observed C.protected D.impressed
35.A.honestly B.individually C.calmly D.differently
第二部分:閱讀理解(共20小題;每小題2.5分,滿分50分)
閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
FirePreventionInformation
The University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff of fire prevention professionals.They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(噴水滅火裝置) systems,fire alarms,and fire extinguishers(滅火器).They also provide educational programs on fire safety in the residence halls.Whenever you move to a new area,you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room.
FireAlarms
The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual(手動(dòng)的) fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes.Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors,smoke detectors and sprinklers.For your safety,never tamper with(胡亂擺弄) these systems.False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.
FireDrills
A fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester.During a fire drill,please do the following:
·Take your room key and ID,close and lock the door to your room.
·Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit;do not use a lift.
·Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.
FireExtinguishers
Fire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment.Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so.Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property.Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.
SmokeDetectors
A smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room.Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings.Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector:
·If your smoke detector is working properly,the red light should be on.If the red light is not blinking(閃動(dòng)),contact residence hall staff immediately.
·Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way.
·If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke, inform your hall staff.
36.What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals?
A.To provide part-time jobs for students.
B.To lead the students to the nearest exits.
C.To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.
D.To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals.

37.What do the automatic fire alarm systems include?
A.Pipes and smoke detectors.
B.Smoke detectors and sprinklers.
C.Fire alarm pull stations and pipes.
D.Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations.
38.In a fire drill,the students should 　　　.?
A.rush quickly to a lift B.gather at the nearest exit
C.shut the door and leave at once D.wait for instructions in the hall
39.What do we know about the use of fire extinguishers?
A.Using them wrongly results in punishment.
B.Irresponsible use of them can damage them.
C.Improper use of them can destroy the apartment.
D.Using them without a trainer present is forbidden.
40.To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector,one should 　　　.?
A.contact the hall staff regularly B.cover the things that burn easily
C.start the smoke detector in a fire D.make certain the red light is working
B
When I was 17,I read a magazine article about a museum called the McNay,once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay.She had requested the community to turn it into a museum upon her death.On a sunny Saturday,Sally and I drove over to the museum.She asked,“Do you have the address?”“No,but I’ll recognize it,there was a picture in the magazine.”
“Oh,stop.There it is!”
The museum was free.We entered,excited.A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and stared at us.
“May I help you?”a man asked.“No,”I said.“We’re fine.”Tour guides got on my nerves.What if they talked a long time about a painting you weren’t that interested in?Sally had gone upstairs.The people in the hall seemed very nosy(愛(ài)窺探的),keeping their eyes on me with curiosity.What was their problem?I saw some nice sculptures in one room.Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me.“Where do you think you are?”he asked.I turned sharply.“The McNay Art Museum!”He smiled,shaking his head.“Sorry,the McNay is on New Braunfels Street.”“What’s this place?”I asked,still confused.“Well,it’s our home.”My heart jolted(震顫).I raced to the staircase and called out,“Sally!Come down immediately!”
“There’s some really good stuff(藝術(shù)作品) up there.”She stepped down,looking confused.I pushed her toward the front door,waving at the family,saying,“Sorry,please forgive us,you have a really nice place.”O(jiān)utside,when I told Sally what happened,she covered her mouth,laughing.She couldn’t believe how long they let us look around without saying anything.
The real McNay was splendid,but we felt nervous the whole time we were there.Van Gogh,Picasso.This time,we stayed together,in case anything else unusual happened.
Thirty years later,a woman approached me in a public place.“Excuse me,did you ever enter a residence,long ago,thinking it was the McNay Museum?”
“Yes.But how do you know?We never told anyone.”
“That was my home.I was a teenager sitting in the hall.Before you came over,I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in.I never felt lucky before.You thought it was a museum.My feelings about my home changed after that.I’ve always wanted to thank you.”

41.What do we know about Marian McNay?
A.She was a painter. B.She was a community leader.
C.She was a museum director. D.She was a journalist.
42.Why did the author refuse the help from the man in the house?
A.She disliked people who were nosy.
B.She felt nervous when talking to strangers.
C.She knew more about art than the man.
D.She mistook him for a tour guide.
43.How did the author feel about being stared at by the people in the hall?
A.Puzzled. B.Concerned. C.Frightened. D.Delighted.
44.Why did the author describe the real McNay museum in just a few words?
A.The real museum lacked enough artwork to interest her.
B.She was too upset to spend much time at the real museum.
C.The McNay was disappointing compared with the house.
D.The event happening in the house was more significant.
45.What could we learn from the last paragraph?
A.People should have good taste to enjoy life.
B.People should spend more time with their family.
C.People tend to be blind to the beauty around them.
D.People tend to educate teenagers at a museum.
C
There’s a new frontier in 3D printing that’s beginning to come into focus:food.Recent development has made possible machines that print,cook,and serve foods on a mass scale.And the industry isn’t stopping there.
Foodproduction
With a 3D printer,a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake.Not everybody can do that—it takes years of experience,but a printer makes it easy.A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to “re-create forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly the same,” freeing cooks to complete other tasks.In another restaurant,all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed,rather than farm to table.
Sustainability(可持續(xù)性)
The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050,and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels.Sustainability is becoming a necessity.3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution.Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids(水解膠體) from plentiful renewables like algae(藻類) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients(烹飪?cè)?.3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions.Grocery stores of the future might stock“food”that lasts years on end,freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements.
Nutrition
Future 3D food printers could make processed food healthier.Hod Lipson,a professor at Columbia University,said,“Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content,like vitamins.So instead of eating a piece of yesterday’s bread from the supermarket,you’d eat something baked just for you on demand.”
Challenges
Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing,the industry has many challenges to overcome.Currently,most ingredients must be changed to a paste(糊狀物) before a printer can use them,and the printing process is quite time-consuming,because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways.On top of that,most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients,because meat and milk products may easily go bad.Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers,believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants.
46.What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production?
A.It helps cooks to create new dishes. B.It saves time and effort in cooking.
C.It improves the cooking conditions. D.It contributes to restaurant decorations.
47.What can we learn about 3D food printing from Paragraph 3?
A.It solves food shortages easily.
B.It quickens the transportation of food.
C.It needs no space for the storage of food.
D.It uses renewable materials as sources of food.
48.According to Paragraph 4,3D-printed food 　　　.?
A.is more available to consumers
B.can meet individual nutritional needs
C.is more tasty than food in supermarkets
D.can keep all the nutrition in raw materials
49.What is the main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely?
A.The printing process is complicated. B.3D food printers are too expensive.
C.Food materials have to be dry. D.Some experts doubt 3D food printing.
50.What could be the best title of the passage?
A.3D Food Printing:Delicious New Technology B.A New Way to Improve 3D Food Printing
C.The Challenges for 3D Food Production D.3D Food Printing:From Farm to Table
D
Give yourself a test.Which way is the wind blowing?How many kinds of wildflowers can be seen from your front door?If your awareness is as sharp as it could be,you’ll have no trouble answering these questions.
Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults.A child’s day is filled with fascination,newness and wonder.Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness.But distinctions that were sharp to us as children become unclear,we are numb(麻木的) to new stimulation(刺激),new ideas.Relearning the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple,although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits.
The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs.This blocks awareness.One chilly night when I was hiking in the Rocky Mountains with some students,I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream.The students began complaining about how cold it would be.We reached the stream,and they unwillingly walked ahead.They were almost knee-deep when they realized it was a hot spring.Later they all admitted they’d felt cold water at first.
Another block to awareness is the obsession(癡迷) many of us have with naming things.I saw bird watchers who spotted a bird,immediately looked it up in field guides,and said,a “ruby-crowned kinglet” and checked it off.They no longer paid attention to the bird and never learned what it was doing.
The pressures of “time” and “destination” are further blocks to awareness.I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark.It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit,to take a moment to see what’s around them.I asked them what they’d seen.“Oh,a few birds,”they said.They seemed bent on their destinations.
Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait.Next time you take a walk,no matter where it is,take in all the sights,sounds and sensations.Wander in this frame of mind and you will open a new dimension to your life.
51.According to Paragraph 2,compared with adults,children are more 　　　.?
A.anxious to do wonders B.sensitive to others’ feelings
C.likely to develop unpleasant habits D.eager to explore the world around them
52.What idea does the author convey in Paragraph 3?
A.To avoid jumping to conclusions. B.To stop complaining all the time.
C.To follow the teacher’s advice. D.To admit mistakes honestly.
53.The bird watchers’ behavior shows that they 　　　.?
A.are very patient in their observation B.are really fascinated by nature
C.care only about the names of birds D.question the accuracy of the field guides
54.Why do the hikers take no notice of the surroundings during the journey?
A.The natural beauty isn’t attractive to them.
B.They focus on arriving at the camp in time.
C.The forest in the dark is dangerous for them.
D.They are keen to see rare birds at the destination.
55.In the passage,the author intends to tell us we should 　　　.?
A.fill our senses to feel the wonders of the world
B.get rid of some bad habits in our daily life
C.open our mind to new things and ideas
D.try our best to protect nature
第Ⅱ卷
注意事項(xiàng):
1.用黑色墨水的鋼筆或簽字筆將答案寫在答題卡上。
2.本卷共6小題,共35分。
第三部分:寫作
第一節(jié):閱讀表達(dá)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)
閱讀短文,按照題目要求用英語(yǔ)回答問(wèn)題。
Some people live to climb the highest mountains.Some people live only dreaming about it while others live to avoid ever climbing at all.But one thing is certain,all people encounter mountains in their life.
When I was a little girl,my family moved to a tiny town at the bottom of a big mountain.One day after school,while exploring the green woods of this magnificent mountain,I almost fell on a set of stairs.What could these steps lead to? Curiosity got the best of me as I knew it would be starting to get dark soon.I started climbing up those strangely mysterious steps.
I climbed and climbed.There was nothing but just green bushes and these steps.I had to reach the top!But it was now getting real dark.If I kept going I might not be able to see my way back.My mum would be worried sick if I didn’t come home soon.So I ran back home almost in the dark while trying not to get too scared.
Anxiously I went to bed dreaming about what I would find at the top of this magical mountain.Could there be a castle up there?Maybe I would find a monster(怪物).Maybe I was taking the risk of never coming back home.Or,maybe all I would find was absolutely nothing!But something inside me was going to climb that mountain at all cost.I could hardly wait to try this adventure again.
Now we live in a world surrounded by the “can’t do” attitudes.We all fall down. We all have doubts and regrets.Still we must climb and dream about what’s at the top of our mountain.Monsters may appear or the night will fall.But never ever give up on your dream!Never let anyone tell you,“You can’t.”Dream big and climb high!?
56.What made the author start to climb up the stairs to the mountain top?(no more than 5 words)
57.Why did the author hurry back home without reaching the top of the mountain?Give two reasons.(no more than 15 words)
58.How would you describe the author in terms of personalities according to Paragraph 4?(no more than 10 words)
59.How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?(no more than 5 words)
60.What’s your attitude towards the“mountain” in your life?Please explain.(no more than 20 words)
第二節(jié):書(shū)面表達(dá)(滿分25分)
61.假設(shè)你是晨光中學(xué)的機(jī)器人興趣小組組長(zhǎng)李津,你的美國(guó)朋友Chris就讀于天津某國(guó)際學(xué)校,他曾在機(jī)器人技能競(jìng)賽中獲獎(jiǎng)。你打算邀請(qǐng)他加入你的團(tuán)隊(duì),參加即將于7月底在天津舉行的世界青少年機(jī)器人技能競(jìng)賽。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下提示代表興趣小組給他寫一封電子郵件。
(1)比賽的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn);
(2)邀請(qǐng)他的原因;
(3)訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃將發(fā)送其郵箱,請(qǐng)他提出建議。
注意:
(1)詞數(shù)不少于100;
(2)可適當(dāng)加入細(xì)節(jié),使內(nèi)容充實(shí)、行文連貫;
(3)開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
參考詞匯:
世界青少年機(jī)器人技能競(jìng)賽the World Adolescent Robotics Competition
Dear Chris,
I have good news to tell you.?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Jin

英語(yǔ)(天津卷)
單項(xiàng)選擇
1.B　考查交際用語(yǔ)。句意:——難道瓊現(xiàn)在不應(yīng)該到這兒了嗎?——?jiǎng)e擔(dān)心。她大約二十分鐘后到達(dá)。all right“好吧,行,可以”;don’t worry“不要擔(dān)心”,多用來(lái)安慰對(duì)方;no wonder“難怪”;enjoy yourself“祝你過(guò)得愉快”。根據(jù)第一句的句意可知,說(shuō)話者對(duì)瓊有些擔(dān)心,故選B項(xiàng)。
2.C　考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意:凱特已經(jīng)去澳大利亞工作了,我們上大學(xué)時(shí)我與她的姐姐共居一室。由于Kate與sister之間存在所屬關(guān)系,故用whose引導(dǎo)該定語(yǔ)從句,表示“凱特的姐姐”。所以選C項(xiàng)。
3.A　考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意:羅伯特開(kāi)始時(shí)不愿意讓他的女兒去潛水,但最終他讓步了,因?yàn)樗龑?duì)自己的技能非常有信心。give in“屈服,讓步”;dress up“化妝,打扮”;break in“闖入,插嘴”;turn up“出現(xiàn),調(diào)大”。這里指的是羅伯特向女兒讓步了。所以選A項(xiàng)。
4.D　考查連詞。句意:讓我們到本周末再摘桃子吧,為的是它們吃起來(lái)足夠甜。ever since“自從……”;as if“好像”;even though“即使”;so that“為的是,以便”。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選擇so that。所以選D項(xiàng)。
5.A　考查交際用語(yǔ)。句意:——幾天后我要搬家,不知你能否幫忙?！獩](méi)問(wèn)題。請(qǐng)讓我知道什么時(shí)候搬,我一定到場(chǎng)幫忙。you bet“的確,當(dāng)然”,與of course,sure和certainly同義;it depends“視情況而定”;forget it“別提它了,沒(méi)關(guān)系,休想”;no kidding“不是開(kāi)玩笑,真的”。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)用you bet來(lái)回答上句。所以選A項(xiàng)。
6.C　考查名詞。句意:宇宙中其他行星上存在生命的可能性一直激勵(lì)著科學(xué)家們?nèi)ヌ剿魍獠刻?。advice“建議”;order“命令,秩序”;possibility“可能性”;invitation“邀請(qǐng)”。根據(jù)實(shí)際情況,其他行星上有生命存在只是一種可能性,而非建議、命令或邀請(qǐng),所以選C項(xiàng)。
7.B　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:我需要新的護(hù)照,因此我必須去照相。詞組“have sth.done”意為“使某事被做”。照片是被拍攝,故選擇過(guò)去分詞taken做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。所以選B項(xiàng)。
8.B　考查動(dòng)詞。句意:他花費(fèi)了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間來(lái)獲取他成為一名優(yōu)秀的跳舞者所需要的技能。display“展示”;acquire“獲取”;teach“教”;test“檢測(cè),檢驗(yàn)”。此處表示獲取技能,故選B項(xiàng)。
9.C　考查名詞性從句。句意:這枚金牌將授予在自行車比賽中獲得第一名的人。whomever“無(wú)論誰(shuí)”,是whoever的賓格形式,引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,在從句中做賓語(yǔ);wherever“無(wú)論哪兒”,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,在從句中做狀語(yǔ);whoever“無(wú)論誰(shuí)”,引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,在從句中常做主語(yǔ);whatever“無(wú)論什么”。根據(jù)句意,此處應(yīng)選擇表示人的連接詞,故排除B項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng);再根據(jù)從句中缺少主語(yǔ),故排除A項(xiàng)。所以選C項(xiàng)。
10.D　考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意:我找不到我的錢包。昨天我可能把它落在超市了,但我不確定。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)yesterday可知,此處表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的推測(cè),應(yīng)用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”,故排除A項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)。再根據(jù)I’m not sure可知,應(yīng)是可能性不大的推測(cè),故排除B項(xiàng)。所以選D項(xiàng)。
11.B　考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意:鮑勃原以為他不能去參加聚會(huì),因?yàn)樗仨殞懸黄獔?bào)道,但他終究還是去了。at first“起初,開(kāi)始時(shí)”;after all“畢竟,終究”;above all“首先,最重要的是”;at random“任意,隨意地”。所以選B項(xiàng)。
12.D　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:我本不想吃任何東西,但這支冰激凌看起來(lái)如此誘人,我情不自禁地嘗了嘗它。mean to do sth.“打算做某事”;mean doing sth.“意味著,意思是”;can’t help doing sth.“情不自禁做某事”。根據(jù)句意選D項(xiàng)。
13.C　考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:這一周我的洗衣機(jī)在修理,我不得不用手洗衣服。既然我要用手洗衣服,說(shuō)明洗衣機(jī)還在修理,所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí);再根據(jù)洗衣機(jī)是被修理,故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。所以選C項(xiàng)。
14.B　考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。句意:只有當(dāng)汽車停在我們的房子前,我們才看見(jiàn)莉莉坐在乘客座上。強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特點(diǎn)是去掉It was和that,句子仍是完整的,本句符合這個(gè)特點(diǎn)。所以選B項(xiàng)。
15.A　考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意:如果昨天我們趕上那趟航班的話,現(xiàn)在我們就在沙灘上享受我們的假期了。由于本句中從句的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是yesterday,主句的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是now,由此可知主句是對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬,而if條件句是對(duì)過(guò)去事情的虛擬,故從句應(yīng)用“had+過(guò)去分詞”的形式。所以選A項(xiàng)。
完形填空
【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是夾敘夾議文。沒(méi)有人天生就是贏家。多年前的一次經(jīng)歷讓“我”明白了這個(gè)道理:人們都是通過(guò)自己的努力成為贏家的。
16.C　上一句提到,沒(méi)有人天生就是贏家,故本句表達(dá)“人們通過(guò)自己的努力讓自己成為贏家”。luck“運(yùn)氣”;test“考試,測(cè)驗(yàn)”;effort“努力”;nature“自然界,本能”。故選C項(xiàng)。
17.B　作者下文講述了自己的一次經(jīng)歷,故本句句意為“我從多年前的一次經(jīng)歷中明白了這個(gè)道理”。experiment“實(shí)驗(yàn)”;experience“經(jīng)歷,經(jīng)驗(yàn)”;visit“參觀,拜訪”;show“展示,展覽”。故選B項(xiàng)。
18.D　句意:我在佐治亞州巴克斯利的一所學(xué)校里擔(dān)任主教練的工作。根據(jù)第三段第三句“Being the coach of the new team,I was excited...”可知,“我”擔(dān)任的是教練一職。故選D項(xiàng)。
19.D　句意:春季訓(xùn)練結(jié)束時(shí),一支老球隊(duì)與一支新成立的球隊(duì)對(duì)抗是這所學(xué)校的傳統(tǒng)。根據(jù)第三句中的“Being the coach of the new team,...”可知本題的答案為new。故選D項(xiàng)。
20.B　句意:那支老球隊(duì)沒(méi)有教練,他們甚至沒(méi)有為準(zhǔn)備這次比賽進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練。根據(jù)下一句中的“I was excited because I knew we were going to win”可知,那支老球隊(duì)沒(méi)有為比賽做準(zhǔn)備。cheer for“為……歡呼”;prepare for“為……做準(zhǔn)備”;help with“在……方面幫助……”;finish with“完成”。故選B項(xiàng)。
21.A　句意:我不能相信我會(huì)處于這樣的境地。believe“相信”;agree“同意”;describe“描述”;regret“后悔,遺憾”。上一句提到,對(duì)方球隊(duì)沒(méi)有教練,也沒(méi)有為比賽做準(zhǔn)備,這種情況下,我們被擊敗了,所以我不敢相信這一情況。故選A項(xiàng)。
22.A　句意:仔細(xì)考慮后,我逐漸意識(shí)到我的球隊(duì)可能不是佐治亞州最好的球隊(duì)。realize“意識(shí)到”;claim“聲稱”;permit“允許”;demand“要求,請(qǐng)求”。根據(jù)句中的“Thinking hard about it”可知,“我”逐漸意識(shí)到了。故選A項(xiàng)。
23.C　句意:但是他們信賴我。由下一段中“我”的舉措以及最后“我”的球隊(duì)擊敗了佐治亞州最好的球隊(duì)可知,隊(duì)員們對(duì)“我”非常信賴。react to“對(duì)……做出反應(yīng)”;look for“尋找”;depend on“依賴,依靠”;care about“關(guān)心,在乎”。故選C項(xiàng)。
24.B　句意:我不得不改變我對(duì)他們的能力和潛力的看法。decision“決定”;attitude“看法”;conclusion“結(jié)論”;intention“意圖,打算”。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句中的“the attitude of the leader”可知,作者對(duì)隊(duì)員們的能力和潛力的看法發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)變。故選B項(xiàng)。
25.A　句意:我開(kāi)始盡我所能來(lái)幫助他們?cè)鰪?qiáng)自豪感。pride“自尊,自豪”;culture“文化”;fortune“運(yùn)氣”;relationship“關(guān)系”。由上一段可知,“我”訓(xùn)練的球隊(duì)被一支沒(méi)有教練、沒(méi)有準(zhǔn)備的球隊(duì)擊敗,故隊(duì)員們的自尊心受到重創(chuàng)。故選A項(xiàng)。
26.C　句意:最重要的是,我開(kāi)始把他們作為贏家來(lái)對(duì)待。leader“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)”;partner“搭檔,合作伙伴”;winner“贏家,獲勝者”;learner“學(xué)習(xí)者”。由倒數(shù)第二段第二句中的“Instead of seeing my boys as losers”可知,“我”是按照贏家的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)訓(xùn)練隊(duì)員的。故選C項(xiàng)。
27.B　句意:那個(gè)夏天,當(dāng)其他球隊(duì)在享受假期時(shí),我們每天都集合。reward“獎(jiǎng)賞”;vacation“假期”;health“健康”;honor“榮譽(yù)”。此處用來(lái)表達(dá)“我”的球隊(duì)的付出。故選B項(xiàng)。
28.D　句意:我們每天集合,訓(xùn)練傳球和踢球。risk“冒險(xiǎn)”;miss“錯(cuò)過(guò),思念”;consider“考慮,認(rèn)為”;practice“訓(xùn)練”。故選D項(xiàng)。
29.A　句意:在我們?cè)馐苁〉牧鶄€(gè)月后,我們迎來(lái)了第一場(chǎng)和第二場(chǎng)比賽。defeat“失敗”;decline“下降,衰退”;accident“事故”;mistake“錯(cuò)誤”。第二段提到我們和老球隊(duì)的比賽是失敗的。故選A項(xiàng)。
30.B　句意:我們不斷提高。relax“放松”;improve“提高”;expand“擴(kuò)張,擴(kuò)展”;defend“防御”。上文提到我們艱苦訓(xùn)練,下一句講述我們要與佐治亞州最棒的球隊(duì)對(duì)抗。故選B項(xiàng)。
31.C　句意:最終,我們要面對(duì)佐治亞州最棒的球隊(duì),即使失敗了,對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)也是勝利。shame“羞愧,羞恥”;burden“負(fù)擔(dān)”;victory“勝利”;favor“恩惠,幫助”。故選C項(xiàng)。
32.B　句意:我的隊(duì)員們擊敗了佐治亞州最棒的球隊(duì),成為我一生中最興奮的經(jīng)歷之一。chance“機(jī)會(huì)”;thrill“興奮,震顫,令人興奮的經(jīng)歷”;concern“關(guān)心,擔(dān)心”;offer“提供(的東西),出價(jià)”。故選B項(xiàng)。
33.D　句意:從這次經(jīng)歷中,我明白了領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的態(tài)度會(huì)影響球隊(duì)的隊(duì)員。surprise“使驚訝”;serve“服務(wù)”;interest“使感興趣”;affect“影響”。上一段講述了“我”對(duì)隊(duì)員們態(tài)度的變化帶來(lái)了球隊(duì)的勝利。故選D項(xiàng)。
34.A　句意:不是把他們作為失敗者來(lái)對(duì)待,我督促和鼓勵(lì)他們。encourage“鼓勵(lì)”;observe“觀察”;protect“保護(hù)”;impress“給……以深刻的印象”。故選A項(xiàng)。
35.D　句意:我?guī)椭麄冋J(rèn)識(shí)到自己與眾不同,他們把自己鍛造成贏家。honestly“誠(chéng)實(shí)地”;individually“各自地,分別地”;calmly“鎮(zhèn)靜地,平靜地”;differently“不同地”。由上一句可知,正是因?yàn)椤拔摇睂?duì)球員態(tài)度的不同,才使得他們獲得成功。故選D項(xiàng)。
閱讀理解
A
【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,介紹了阿德萊德大學(xué)的火災(zāi)預(yù)防信息、火警、火災(zāi)操練、滅火器以及煙霧探測(cè)器的情況。
36.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段第二句是說(shuō)“他們要檢測(cè)和維護(hù)所有的噴水滅火裝置系統(tǒng)、火警和滅火器”,所以和C項(xiàng)意思一致。故選C項(xiàng)。
37.B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段第二句“Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors,smoke detectors and sprinklers”可知,自動(dòng)火災(zāi)警報(bào)系統(tǒng)包括熱量探測(cè)器、煙霧探測(cè)器和噴水滅火裝置,和B項(xiàng)意思一致,故選B項(xiàng)。
38.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第三部分“Fire Drills”中提到“...lock the door to your room”“Exit immediately...”,所以與C項(xiàng)內(nèi)容一致。故選C項(xiàng)。
39.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第四部分“Fire Extinguishers”的最后一句意為“錯(cuò)誤使用滅火器將受到處罰”,與A項(xiàng)內(nèi)容一致。故選A項(xiàng)。
40.D　推理判斷題。由文章最后一部分“Smoke Detectors”中第一段的最后一句“Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector”以及第二段的“If your smoke detector is working properly,the red light should be on”可推知,要確保煙霧探測(cè)器的安全運(yùn)行,就必須確保紅燈工作。故選D項(xiàng)。
B
【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。年輕時(shí)我和我的朋友曾把一戶居民的家誤認(rèn)為是一家博物館而闖入。但我們的誤入也改變了該戶居民的孩子對(duì)自己的家的態(tài)度。
41.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第一段第一句提到the McNay曾經(jīng)是一位名叫Marian McNay的水彩畫(huà)家的家。這與A項(xiàng)意思一致。故選A項(xiàng)。
42.D　推理判斷題。第四段前幾句告訴我們,當(dāng)一個(gè)男子問(wèn)我“我可以幫助你嗎”時(shí),“我”應(yīng)該是把他誤認(rèn)成了導(dǎo)游?！癟our guides got on my nerves”,導(dǎo)游讓“我”覺(jué)得緊張,所以作者拒絕了這個(gè)人的幫助。故選D項(xiàng)。
43.A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“What was their problem?”可知,“我”對(duì)于那些人盯著我看感到困惑。
44.D　推理判斷題。文章從開(kāi)頭到結(jié)尾都在講述自己誤把一戶居民的家作為博物館而進(jìn)入的故事。由此推出,她用很少的語(yǔ)言來(lái)描述博物館的原因是:她認(rèn)為發(fā)生在這戶居民家的事情比博物館更有意義。故選D項(xiàng)。
45.C　推理判斷題。短文最后一段提到,那戶居民家的孩子以前從未意識(shí)到自己的家有那么好,竟然能夠讓人誤認(rèn)為是博物館。由此推知,人們對(duì)身邊的美總是視而不見(jiàn)。
C
【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,主要介紹一項(xiàng)新的3D食物打印技術(shù)。分別介紹食物打印的省時(shí)高效特點(diǎn)、所使用的原料的可持續(xù)性、提供顧客所需要的營(yíng)養(yǎng)以及目前技術(shù)推廣面臨的挑戰(zhàn)等。
46.B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一、二句可知,用3D打印機(jī),一名廚師可在婚禮蛋糕上打印出復(fù)雜的巧克力圖案和精美的裝飾,這并非每個(gè)人都能做到,這要廚師多年的經(jīng)驗(yàn)積累,但一臺(tái)打印機(jī)可以很容易就做到。由此可知,3D打印技術(shù)在食品制作方面節(jié)省了時(shí)間和精力。
47.D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第四句“Some experts believe printers...”可知,專家相信3D打印機(jī)可使用大量的藻類和草等可再生資源形成的水解膠體代替熟知的烹飪?cè)稀?br /> 48.B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中Hod Lipson教授的話可知,食品打印能使得顧客打印出富含顧客個(gè)性化需求的營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分,如維生素。因此,顧客不必吃昨天從超市買來(lái)的面包,而是隨需烤制。
49.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第三句“On top of that,...”可知,盡管3D食物打印技術(shù)進(jìn)展迅猛,但所需的大多數(shù)打印材料必須是干燥的才能使用,這也就制約了食物打印技術(shù)的普及。
50.A　主旨大意題。通讀全文可知,本文開(kāi)宗明義,一項(xiàng)新的3D打印技術(shù)引人矚目,最新進(jìn)展有助于大規(guī)模食品的打印和服務(wù)。接下來(lái)分段介紹食物打印的省時(shí)高效特點(diǎn)、所使用的原料的可持續(xù)性、提供顧客所需要的營(yíng)養(yǎng)以及目前技術(shù)推廣面臨的挑戰(zhàn)等。所以文章的最佳題目應(yīng)為——3D食物打印:“精美可口的”新技術(shù)。
D
【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇議論文。主要討論成年人對(duì)所處的周圍世界采取漠視和麻木的態(tài)度,作者分別列舉了三個(gè)阻礙人們探究世界的因素,并舉例來(lái)佐證論點(diǎn)。最后呼吁人們駐足欣賞、感受世界的新奇。
51.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二、三句可知,孩童的一天充滿了魅力和新奇。好奇賦予我們與自然有關(guān)的意識(shí),但與孩童相比,成年人對(duì)新的刺激、新的觀點(diǎn)變得漠視和麻木。
52.A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句可知,要喚醒我們探究自然的意識(shí),首先要仔細(xì)觀察和感受,而不是要預(yù)測(cè)(下結(jié)論)。
53.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段可知,阻礙成年人的探究意識(shí)的另一因素是我們很多人癡迷于給物體命名。我曾看到一群觀鳥(niǎo)者只關(guān)注鳥(niǎo)的名字,而并不關(guān)注鳥(niǎo)本身,也不關(guān)注它在做什么。
54.B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段可知,“時(shí)間”和“目的地”的壓力也是阻礙人們探究的因素。遠(yuǎn)足者急匆匆趁天黑以前趕往目標(biāo)營(yíng)地,很少停下來(lái),駐足觀察周圍的一切。
55.A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知,自然界的美景只為那些駐足觀察和等待的人綻放。下次散步時(shí),無(wú)論在哪里,都要盡享所有景色、聲音和感受。讓思緒稍做停留,你會(huì)開(kāi)啟生活的新維度。由此推知,作者旨在告訴我們要去感受世界的神奇。
閱讀表達(dá)
Somepossibleanswers:
56.Curiosity made her do so.
Or:The desire to explore.
57.Because it was getting dark,and she didn’t want her mother to worry about her.
Or:Because she was scared,and might not be able to find her/the way back home.
58.She had rich imagination and she was brave.
Or:She was a brave and determined girl with rich imagination.
Or:She was imaginative and determined,and she dared to explore.
Or:She was imaginative,adventurous and determined.
59.We all sometimes fail.
Or:We face failure/defeat/hardships/challenges in life.
Or:There are difficulties/barriers/obstacles in life.
Or:We run into trouble sometimes.
Or:We have trouble in life.
60.I will try to reach my goal because I want to live an exciting life.
Or:I will try to reach/get to the top of the“mountain”because I want to be successful in life.
書(shū)面表達(dá)
61.【參考范文】
Dear Chris,
I have good news to tell you.The World Adolescent Robotics Competition will be held in Tianjin at the end of July.Hearing that you once took part in a robotics competition and won an award,I,on behalf of the Robotics Hobby Group,intend to invite you to join our team in the coming competition.I am sure that your participation will not only help us win the award but also enhance the friendship between our two schools.
With this email I also send you our training plan,about which I wish to get your advice because you are more experienced than us.We sincerely hope that we can participate in the competition as team partners.
I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Jin

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