中考語法專題 The passive voice 被動語態(tài) (一)語態(tài)分類:主動態(tài)和被動態(tài)兩種。(二) 主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)的概念:語態(tài) ---- 說明主語和謂語之間的關(guān)系英語動詞的語態(tài)有兩種:主動語態(tài):表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者被動語態(tài):表示主語是動作的承受者(常常沒在有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者情況下使用)  例:They   speak   English.        (主動語態(tài))                   English  is spoken  by them.     (被動語態(tài)) 主語   謂語     介詞短語注:及物動詞有被動語態(tài),不及物動詞必須帶有介詞才可以有被動語態(tài)。 例:We listen to the teacher carefully  in class.         The teacher is listened to by us   carefully  in class.    主語   謂語  介詞短語e laughed at him .  →He was laughed at by us.  (三)被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成:be + P. P. (動詞過去分詞) (四)動詞過去分詞1、規(guī)則動詞過去分詞變化規(guī)律1一般情況,在動詞末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked2)以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾動詞d,如:taste-tasted3輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾動詞,變yi, 再加-ed,如:study-studied4雙寫情況。(重讀閉音節(jié)且結(jié)尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動詞,雙寫末尾的輔音字 ,再加-ed如:stop-stopped2、不規(guī)則動詞過去分詞(P113 (五)各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動語態(tài)   1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):is / am / are + 及物動詞的過去分詞  2. 一般過去時(shí):was / were + 及物動詞的過去分詞  3. 一般將來時(shí):will+ be + 及物動詞的過去分詞  4. 含有情態(tài)動詞:情態(tài)動詞+ be + 及物動詞的過去分詞  5. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):am / is / are + being + 及物動詞的過去分詞  (六)主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法  My aunt   invited   me   to her dinner party.執(zhí)行者   動詞   承受者   I      was invited  (by my aunt ) to her dinner party.承受者     謂語      by+執(zhí)行者1、把主動語態(tài)的賓語變成被動語態(tài)的主語。2、把主動語態(tài)的謂語變成被動語態(tài)的be + 動詞的過去分詞 。3、by+執(zhí)行者,短語可以省略。(七)主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)要注意:時(shí)態(tài)保持一致、主謂一致。1、Tom decorated the room with flowers yesterday.   The room was decorated with flowers yesterday.2、Nancy sent many letters two days ago.       Many letters were sent by Nancy two days ago. (八)不能使用被動語態(tài)的情況1、不及物動詞,如:happen,appear,disappear,take place...       A traffic accident happened just now.  剛才發(fā)生了交通事故。3、連系動詞,如:feel,sound,smell,taste,become...       The song sounds beautiful.  這首歌聽起來很優(yōu)美。                                        Exercise寫出下列動詞的過去分詞do_______;   see_______;   say_______;  give_______; be_______;   get_______;    go_______    come_______;  take_______;  have/has_______;play_______;  worry_______; ask_______;  taste_______;   用動詞的正確語態(tài)填空1. English                  (speak) the most widely in the world.2. A piano concert                   (give) here last Friday.3. The town                   (call) Rugao.4. What _____ a knife ______ (make) of?  It                  (make) of metal and wood.5. The room                    (clean) by Mum already. You don’t need to clean it.6. The cinema                  (build) in the center of the city now. 7. A beautiful movie                  (play) at nine yesterday night. 單項(xiàng)選擇      1. The lab ____ about five years ago.was builded       B. was built        C. builds       D. has been built       2. A lot of tall buildings _____ in his hometown last years.       A. have set up                   B. have been set up         C. were set up      D. set up       3.Rice ___ also _____ in their hometown.is…grown        B. is…grew        C. was…grew     D. was…grown       4.The picture______  in October, 1996.was taking        B. had been taken   C. was taken     D. had taken       5.We can't use the bridge now, because it______ .has been repaired     B. is repairing     C. is repaired    D. is being repaired       6.We can't enter the room because its door______ .locked           B. locks            C. is locked      D. is locking       7.Mary's radio ______ by my brother just now.will be mended    B. has mended       C. was mended  D. mended       8.The glass ______ . It _____ by little Tom this morning.       A. broke, is broken       B. is broken, was broken       C. was broken, broke       D. has been broken, broken       9.The Great Wall ______ all over the world.knows    B. knew    C. is known    D. was known      10.You can go out if your homework ______.is done           B. will do          C. will be done      D. are finished把下列句子改寫成被動語態(tài)
1.They make machines in that factory.  2. My mother told  a story last night.  Kate is feeding the chicken at the moment. 4. David was reading a book while we were visiting him.  They  put out the forest fire last week. 

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