2022屆黑龍江省哈爾濱市高三上學期期中考試英語試題含解析-試卷下載-教習網

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 A、B、C 和 D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項。
A
Guide t Stckhlm University Library
Our library ffers different types f studying places and prvides a gd studying envirnment.
Znes
The library is divided int different znes. The upper flr is a quiet zne with ver a thusand places fr silent reading and places where yu can sit and wrk with yur wn cmputer. The reading places cnsist mstly f tables and chairs. The grund flr is the zne where yu can talk. Here yu can find sfas and armchairs fr grup wrk.
Cmputers
Yu can use yur wn cmputer t cnnect t the wi-fi specially prepared fr ntebk cmputers; yu can als use library cmputers, which cntain the mst cmmnly used applicatins, such as Micrsft Office. They are situated in the area knwn as the Experimental Field n the grund flr.
Grup-study places
If yu want t discuss freely withut disturbing thers, yu can bk a study rm r sit at a table n the grund flr. Sme study rms are fr 2～3 peple and thers can hld up t 6～8 peple. All rms are marked n the library maps.
There are 40 grup-study rms that must be bked via the website. T bk, yu need an active University accunt and a valid University card. Yu can use a rm three hurs per day, nine hurs at mst per week.
Strage f Study Material
The library has lckers fr students t stre curse literature. When yu have btained at least 40 credits, yu may rent a lcker and pay 400 SEK fr a year’s rental perid.
Rules t be Fllwed
Mbile phne cnversatins are nt permitted anywhere in the library. Keep yur phne n silent as if yu were in a lecture and exit the library if yu need t receive calls.
Please nte that fd and fruit are frbidden in the library, but yu are allwed t have drinks and sweets with yu.
1. What is the library’s upper flr mainly fr students t d?
A. Read in a quiet place.B. Have grup discussins.
C. Take cmfrtable seats.D. Get their cmputers fixed.
2. What cnditin shuld be met t bk a grup-study rm?
A. A grup must cnsist f 8 peple.B. Three-hur use per day is the minimum.
C. One shuld first register at the university.D. Applicants must mark the rm n the map.
3. A student can rent a lcker in the library if he ________.
A. can affrd the rental feeB. attends certain curses
C. has nwhere t put his bksD. has earned the required credits
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇應用文。介紹了Stckhlm University Library這個圖書館的一些情況。
【1題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。題干中的the upper flr是有關地方的信息，這暗示我們可以在Znes(地帶)這個段落里面去找。根據Znes中The upper flr is a quiet zne with ver a thusand places fr silent reading可知，上層是供閱讀的地方，答案為A。
【2題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。題干中的grup-study告訴讀者答案應該出現在Grup-study Places中。A錯在must，因為也可以是2-3 peple；B錯在minimum(至少)，文中用了Yu can use a rm three hurs per day…；D錯在不是applicants標注出來，而是這樣的房間已經標注好了（All rms are marked n the library maps）。故選C。
【3題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。題干中的lcker出現在Strage f Study Material中，這里A、B、C、D中出現文中所提到信息有A和D，但和文中這句“When yu have btained at least 40 credits, yu may rent a lcker…”相匹配的只有D。故選D。
B
I nce cmplained t my friend Mike, “I ften cycle tw miles frm my huse t the twn center but unfrtunately there is a big hill n the rute.” He replied, “Yu mean frtunately.” He explained that I shuld be glad f the extra exercise that the hill prvided.
My attitude t the hill has nw changed. I used t cmplain as I apprached it but nw I tell myself the fllwing. This hill will exercise my heart and lungs. It will help me t lse weight and get fit. It will mean that I live lnger. This hill is my friend. Finally I cmfrt myself with the thught f all thse silly peple wh pay mney t g t a gym and sit n statinary exercise bicycles when I can get the same value fr free. I have a smile f satisfactin as I reach the tp f the hill.
Prblems are there t be faced and vercme. We cannt achieve anything with an easy life. Helen Keller was the first deaf and blind persn t gain a university degree. Her activism and writing prved inspiratinal. She wrte, “The character cannt be develped with ease. Only thrugh experiences f suffering can the sul be strengthened, visin cleared, ambitin inspired and success achieved.”
One f the main determinants f success in life is ur attitude twards adversity. Frm time t time we all face hardships，prblems，accidents and difficulties. Sme are f ur making but many are n fault f ur wn. While we cannt chse adversity, we can chse ur attitude twards it.
Duglas Bader was 21 when in 1931 he had bth legs cut ff fllwing a flying accident. He was determined t fly again and went n t becme ne f the leading flying aviatrs in the Battle f Britain with 22 aerial victries ver the Germans. He was an inspiratin t thers during the war. He said, “Dn’t listen t anyne wh tells yu that yu can’t d this r that. That’s nnsense. Make up yur mind, and yu’ll never use crutches r a stick, and then have a g at everything. G t schl, and jin in all the games yu can. G anywhere yu want t. But never, never let them persuade yu that things are t difficult r impssible.”
The bigraphies f great peple are full f examples f hw they tk steps t vercme the difficulties they faced. The cmmn thread is that they did nt becme depressed. They chse their attitude. They chse t be psitive. They tk n the challenge. They wn. Nevertheless, there is still the prblem f hw yu change yur attitude twards adversity.
4. Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the authr f the passage?
A. One wh wants t achieve success can’t expect t live an easy life.
B. Climbing hills n bicycles is the best way t take exercise.
C. Ging t a gym is greatly beneficial t peple’s health.
D. Peple’s attitude t hardships is the nly factr f their success.
5. What des the authr intend t tell us by quting what Duglas Bader said?
A. Failure is the mther f success.
B. A bad wrkman quarrels with his tls.
C. If yu risk nthing, yu will have nthing.
D. Nthing is difficult t the man wh will try.
6. What will the authr further talk abut in the fllwing paragraph?
A. Hw his friend helped him t change his attitude twards the challenge he faced.
B. Why it is imprtant t keep ptimistic in the face f truble.
C. What steps t take t change yur attitude twards the difficulties yu face.
D. What great peple have in cmmn.
7. Which f the fllwing might be the best title f the passage?
A. Different attitudes twards misfrtune
B. Face difficulties with a smile
C. Nthing is impssible
D. Life is full f adversity
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【分析】本文為議論文。生活中，決定成敗的主要因素之一是我們對待逆境的態(tài)度。雖然我們不能避免逆境，但是我們能選擇面對它的態(tài)度。
【4題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中We cannt achieve anything with an easy life可知，一個想要成功的人不能期望過著輕松的生活，選項A符合題意。故選A。
【5題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據所引用的話“Dn t listen t anyne wh tells yu that yu can t d this r that. …Make up yur mind, and …G anywhere yu want t. But never, never let them persuade yu that things are t difficult r impssible.”可知Duglas Bader闡明了自己的觀點，即“不要聽任何人說你不能做這個或那個。…下定決心，去任何你想去的地方。…一切皆是有可能的”，這與D項“世上無難事，只要肯登攀”意境吻合，故選D。
【6題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據最后一段Nevertheless, there is still the prblem f hw yu change yur attitude twards adversity.可知，作者在接下來的段落中會談論“如何改變對待逆境的態(tài)度”。故選C。
【7題詳解】
主旨大意題。本文通過名人對待逆境的例子，圍繞面對逆境我們應持樂觀的態(tài)度這一話題展開，所以B項“笑對逆境”適合做本文標題。
C
Wherever n the glbe she may be, humanitarian Nyamayar keeps clse t her native Africa by carrying a yellw dress. ''It reminds me f the bright, beautiful African sky I used t see in my small village,'' she tells Peple. Nyamayar's life path wasn't always s high-prfile. Grwing up, she assumed she'd spent her life cntributing t her village, and farming in the fields like the ther wmen arund her. But a chance encunter with a United Natins wrker that came amid a severe drught altered that path frever.
''I will never frget that day,'' Nyamayar says. ''A child dies frm hunger every five secnds, and I almst became ne f thse children. A severe drught had hit ur village when I turned 8 years ld and suddenly, my paradise changed vernight and there was nthing t eat r drink. I thught I was ging t die. It felt like there was n way f getting ut f this. But then this incredible thing happened, an African, wh was a United Natins humanitarian, fund me, and gave me a bwl f prridge that saved my life.'' The chance encunter prvided mre than just lifesaving nurishment-it pened the drs as t what culd be pssible fr her, wh immediately set her sights n wrking fr the United Natins just like her savir.
''I thught I want t be like her, s that ne day I can change the lives f thers. I'm s grateful fr that mment which was very devastating, because it gave my life s much meaning and purpse. The wman shwed me what was pssible. Smetimes ne mment can really change yur entire life.''
Just as the United Natins wrker pened her eyes t pprtunities previusly unknwn, Nyamayar hpes girls frm Africa can d the same fr children grwing up in villages just like her, as she knws her stry is nt unique.
8. Why is a yellw dress mentined in paragraph 1?
A. It stands fr her bright future.
B. It highlights her persnal preference.
C. It is related t the scenery f her hmetwn.
D. It is the lucky clr f her hmetwn.
9. Why did Nyamayar want t be a humanitarian?
A. T get rid f the pverty as sn as pssible.
B. T shulder the respnsibility f helping thers.
C. T seek fr chances t braden her mind.
D. T set an example fr the whle cuntry.
10. What des Nyamayar's career stry tell us?
A. Fame is a great thirst f the yung.
B. Success means getting persn's desires satisfied.
C. Ups and dwns make ne strng.
D. Where there's a will there's a way.
11. Where is this passage mst likely frm?
A. A magazine.B. A nvel.
C. A brchure.D. A guidebk.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述人道主義者Nyamayar小時候得到別人的幫助，這件事對她影響很大，讓她下定決心以后去幫助別人的故事。
【8題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據第一段“Wherever n the glbe she may be, humanitarian Nyamayar keeps clse t her native Africa by carrying a yellw dress. ''It reminds me f the bright, beautiful African sky I used t see in my small village,'' she tells Peple.(無論她身在世界的哪個角落，人道主義者Nyamayar都穿著一件黃色連衣裙，與她的祖國非洲保持著密切的聯系。她告訴《人物》雜志：“這讓我想起了我曾經在我的小村莊看到的明亮、美麗的非洲天空?！?”推斷，Nyamayar穿的黃色連衣裙能聯系到家鄉(xiāng)的景色，故選C。
【9題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段“But then this incredible thing happened, an African, wh was a United Natins humanitarian, fund me, and gave me a bwl f prridge that saved my life.(但后來發(fā)生了一件不可思議的事情，一個非洲人，一個聯合國人道主義者，找到了我，給了我一碗粥，救了我的命)”和“The chance encunter prvided mre than just lifesaving nurishment-it pened the drs as t what culd be pssible fr her, wh immediately set her sights n wrking fr the United Natins just like her savir.(這次偶遇提供的不僅僅是拯救生命的營養(yǎng)，它為她打開了一扇門，讓她知道自己可以做些什么。她立刻下定決心，要像她的救世主一樣為聯合國工作)”可知，因為一個人道主義者幫助了Nyamayar這件事讓她先要去幫助別人，所以Nyamayar想成為人道主義者去幫助別人，故選B。
【10題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據最后一段“Just as the United Natins wrker pened her eyes t pprtunities previusly unknwn, Nyamayar hpes girls frm Africa can d the same fr children grwing up in villages just like her, as she knws her stry is nt unique.(正如這位聯合國工作人員打開了她的眼界，看到了以前不為人知的機會，Nyamayar希望來自非洲的女孩也能為像她一樣在農村長大的孩子們做同樣的事情，因為她知道她的故事并非獨一無二)”和文章的描述可知Nyamayar成為人道主義者幫助他人是因為受到幫助她的人的啟發(fā)，下定決心要去做這件事，并且成功了，所以D選項“有志者事竟成”是這個故事要告訴我們的道理，故選D。
【11題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據文章描述可知，本文主要講述人道主義者Nyamayar小時候得到別人的幫助，這件事對她影響很大，讓她下定決心以后去幫助別人的故事，這種勵志故事最有可能能出現在雜志上，故選A。
D
Metal-rganic framewrks (MOFs) are cmpunds(化合物;復合物) that are set t slve sme tugh challenges: prducing water in the desert, remving greenhuse gases frm the air and string dangerus gases mre safely.
The Arizna desert is really dry. Anyne stuck in it withut water wuld die frm dehydratin (脫水) within three days, unless he had ne f Omar Yaghi's next-generatin water harvesters, wh is a chemist at the University f Califrnia, Berkeley. Althugh daytime wetness is nly abut 10 percent, this rises t 40 percent at night, which means there's enugh water in the atmsphere t supprt life - if it can be transfrmed int liquid frm.
That's exactly what Yaghi's inventin des. It's abut the size f a small micrwave ven, designed t suck the water frm the air at night and turn it int drinking water the next day using nly the heat f the sun as its pwer surce. What makes it wrk is a special material called a MOF, which at nrmal temperatures attracts water mlecules (分子) nt the surface f its internal small hles. Warm it up and get the water, each harvest prducing ne-third f a cup f pure drinking water. "A device the size f a washing machine culd prduce enugh water fr the basic needs f a husehld," says Yaghi.
These crystalline (結晶的) grups f metals linked by rganic mlecules can be made int materials with an extremely high absrptin ability, attracting specific mlecules t their surfaces. In this way, MOFscling ta variety f liquids and gases.
MOFs wrk thanks t their distinctive structure. In fact, ne MOF the size f a sugar cube has s many small hles that they wuld cver an area as large as six ftball fields. MOFs are als extremely stable, light and have many different uses: their mlecular structure can be varied t attract specific mlecules. Adding a small amunt f heat r pressure causes the MOF t give what it's hlding. Mre than 70,000 different MOFs have been prduced t date fr varius applicatins.
12. Why is the Arizna desert mentined in the secnd paragraph?
A. T intrduce water harvesters.
B. T stress the imprtance f water.
C. T shw the severity f its cnditin.
D. T express the urgent need fr water there.
13. What plays a vital rle in water harvesters?
A. Slar energy.
B. Water mlecules.
C. Metal-rganic framewrks.
D. MOFs' internal small hles.
14. Which can explain the phrase "cling t" underlined in paragraph 4?
A. Give ff.
B. Tum int.
C. Hld nt.
D. Break dwn.
15. What will prbably be cvered in the fllwing paragraphs?
A. The future f the MOF technlgy.
B. Other uses f the MOF technlgy.
C. The imprvement t the MOF technlgy.
D. Pssible limitatins f the MOF technlgy.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了金屬有機骨架(MOFs)的用途，結構和性能。
【12題詳解】
推理判斷題。由第二段“The Arizna desert is really dry. Anyne stuck in it withut water wuld die frm dehydratin（脫水）within three days. Unless, that is, they had ne f Omar Yaghi’s next-generatin water harvesters.”可知，亞利桑那沙漠非常干燥。任何沒有水的人都會在三天內死于脫水。除非他們有奧馬爾·亞吉的下一代水收集器，所以奧馬爾·亞吉的下一代水收集器可以解決沙漠中缺水的問題。故判斷出第二段提到亞利桑那沙漠是為了介紹水收集器。故選A。
【13題詳解】
.細節(jié)理解題。由第三段“What makes it wrk is a special material called a metal-rganic framewrk (MOF)...”可知，使它工作的是一種稱為有機框架(MOF)的特殊的材料，所以金屬有機框架在水收集器中起著至關重要的作用。故選C。
【14題詳解】
詞句猜測題。由第四段“These crystalline cluster（結晶群）f metals, such as aluminum r magnesium, linked by rganic mlecules can be made int materials with an extremely high absrptin ability, attracting specific mlecules t their surface. In this way, MOFs cling t a variety f liquids and gases.”可知，這些由有機分子連接的金屬結晶群，例如鋁或鎂，可制成具有極高吸收能力的材料，將特定分子吸到其表面?？芍獎澗€詞所在的句子意思是MOF就是通過這種方式緊緊吸附各種液體和氣體。第四段中劃線詞"cling t"意思是hld nt“緊緊抓住”的意思。故選C。
【15題詳解】
推理判斷題。由最后一段“Mre than 70,000 different MOFs have been prduced t date fr varius applicatins.”可知迄今為止，已有七萬多種不同的MOF被生產用于各類實際應用中，所以我們通過短文最后一段的內容可以判斷出，接下來的段落可能會涉及MOF科技的其它用途。故選B。
【點睛】根據上一段的內容來判斷下一段的內容是解決判斷題的重要的切入點。這一般適用于推測短文最后一段之后段落的內容。在這樣的判斷出，短文最后一段通常會以問題的方式留下疑問，或者以陳述句的形式給讀者留下一個懸而未決的問題。這個時候以問題的方式留下疑問或者以陳述句的形式給讀者留下一個懸而未決的問題就是下一段要討論的內容。由最后段“Mre than 70,000 different MOFs have been prduced t date fr varius applicatins.”可知迄今為止，已有七萬多種不同的MOF被生產用于各類實際應用中。所以我們通過短文最后段的內容可以判斷出，以下段落可能會涉及MOF科技的其它用途。故小題4的正確選項為B選項。
第二節(jié) （共 5 小題；每小題 2 分，滿分 10 分）
根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Did yu knw that abut 90% f peple in the wrld are right-handed? Althugh this subject is rarely discussed, life is ften difficult fr lefties in a right-handed wrld.
Many cultures have nt been friendly t lefties ver the years. ____16____ In Latin, it was cnnected with smething “unlucky” and “evil”. In Old English, “l(fā)eft” meant “weak”. In Islamic culture, peple cmmnly use their left hand t clean themselves after they use the tilet, s many Muslims feel the left hand is unclean.
Because f these ideas, parents ften frce their left-handed children t write with their right hands. ____17____ Studies shw that frcing left-handed children t use the right hand can cause learning disrders and speech issues. Besides these challenges, lefties must use tls which aren’t made fr them. Mst scissrs, knives, and musical instruments are designed fr righties. Using these items can be difficult r even dangerus fr lefties.
____18____ Sme believe that it ccurs due t gene mvements in the spinal crd befre birth. Anther study has said that there are scial reasns why few peple are lefties. Peple may chse t becme right-handed t fit in with thers.
Thugh there are challenges, being left-handed can be gd in many ways. ____19____ This is because right-handers wh play against them are nt used t their mves. Sme studies have als fund that n average, left-handers are better at remembering things and dealing with difficult math prblems.
Tday, sciety’s ideas abut being left-handed have started t change. Mre and mre peple believe that being left-handed is a gift t a persn instead f a curse (詛咒). ____20____ It’s n August 13 and called Internatinal Lefthanders Day. Left-handed peple gather tgether t celebrate. This special day lets peple knw that it’s OK if things aren’t all right all the time.
A. Left-handers have sme disadvantages.
B. There’s even a special day fr left-handers.
C. Being a left-hander smetimes dcs better jbs.
D. Fr starters, left-handers might d better in sprts.
E. Scientists still aren’t sure why peple becme left-handed.
F. Unfrtunately this can cause prblems with their develpment.
G. The wrd was linked t negative ideas in several languages.
【答案】16 G 17. F 18. E 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹左撇子的優(yōu)勢和劣勢。世界上90%的人都是右撇子，雖然這個話題很少被討論，但左撇子在右撇子的世界里生活往往很艱難。
【16題詳解】
根據上文“Many cultures have nt been friendly t lefties ver the years.(多年來，許多文化對左撇子并不友好)”，且空格下文內容在描述左撇子在拉丁語和古老英語中的不友好的含義。由此可知，設空處承接上、下文，G項The wrd was linked t negative ideas in several languages.(在幾種語言中，這個詞與消極的想法聯系在一起)切題。故選G。
【17題詳解】
根據下文“Studies shw that frcing left-handed children t use the right hand can cause learning disrders and speech issues.(研究表明，強迫左撇子兒童使用右手會導致學習障礙和語言障礙)”可知，此處順承下文，F項Unfrtunately, this can cause prblems with their develpment.(不幸的是，這可能會導致他們的發(fā)展問題)切題。該項中的cause prblems與下文的cause learning disrders and speech issues相吻合。故選F。
【18題詳解】
該空位于段落首句，是中心句；根據下文“Sme believe that it ccurs due t gene mvements in the spinal crd befre birth. Anther study has said that there are scial reasns why few peple are lefties.( 一些人認為這是由于出生前脊髓中的基因運動造成的。另一項研究表明很少人是左撇子是有社會原因的)”可知，此處在講述變成左撇子的原因。由此可知，E項Scientists still aren’t sure why peple becme left-handed.(科學家們仍然不能確定為什么人們會變成左撇子)切題。故選E。
【19題詳解】
根據上文“Thugh there are challenges, being left-handed can be gd in many ways.(雖然有挑戰(zhàn)，但左撇子在很多方面都是好的)”可知，此處在講述左撇子的好處。由此可知，C項Being a left-hander smetimes dcs better jbs.(作為一個左撇子有時會有更好的工作)切題。故選C。
【20題詳解】
根據下文“It’s n August 13 and called Internatinal Lefthanders Day.(這一天是8月13日，被稱為國際左撇子日)”可知，左撇子有專門的特殊節(jié)日。由此可知，B項There’s even a special day fr left-handers.(甚至還有一個左撇子的特殊日子)切題。故選B。
第二部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分 45 分）
第一節(jié)（共 20 小題；每小題 1.5 分，滿分 30 分）
My daughter is nly tw years ld and, like mst girls, already has a nurturing（培育）spirit grwing inside her. She tries t ____21____ everything that she has. She already has favrite suits, favrite tys, and even a favrite blanket.
This blanket is a pink ne that was purchased fr her befre she was brn. It seems t be the ne she ____22____ the clsest. I always see her dragging that blanket arund frm upstairs t dwnstairs, dwnstairs t upstairs. She sits and eats with it, tries t brush her teeth with it, and ____23____ jumps right ut f the bath t run t it. Althugh it gets ____24____ many times in the curse f a week, it is almst always ____25____.
Nrmally I just laugh at the thing but recently my daughter has had a cld. Any parent will tell yu that germs（細菌）can get int the things the child has ____26____ with and cause them t stay sick
____27____ getting better. S，unwillingly, we ____28____ the blanket ut f my daughter’s daily life. Of curse, she wasn’t ____29____. It was smething that she lved and had established familiarity with and that she ____30____ was hers. Hwever, ____31____ the blanket is gne, she has a better ____32____ f getting ver her cld faster and nt getting sick again.
She desn’t knw it but the blanket is part f what was keeping her ____33____ in a state f sickness. We，as ____34____，knw a lt f things that are keeping us frm ur true purpse，r even，true happiness. But we wn’t let them ____35____.
We have friends, habits, and guilty pleasures that keep us caught in a state f sickness, disappintment, suffering r ____36____. We’d rather keep them____37____ because they are familiar.
____38____ smetimes change is beautiful.____39____ ur security blankets is a tugh chice but a ____40____step fr us t grw.
21. A. prtectB. cllectC. lveD. study
22. A. watchesB. keepsC. fllwsD. tuches
23. A. stillB. yetC. justD. even
24. A. washedB. repairedC. brkenD. changed
25. A. cleanB. dirtyC. gdD. bad
26. A. funB. patienceC. trubleD. cntact
27. A. instead fB. in favr fC. in spite fD. regardless f
28. A. wentB. ledC. frcedD. sent
29. A. excitedB. pleasedC. cnfusedD. ashamed
30. A. guessedB. prvedC. knewD. hped
31. A. sinceB. ifC. untilD. unless
32. A. ideaB. senseC. habitD. chance
33. A. relatedB. trappedC. disappintedD. inspired
34. A. researchersB. dctrsC. adultsD. friends
35. A. gB. hideC. happenD. develp
36. A. pityB. painC. curisityD. excitement
37. A. cmpleteB. safeC. clseD. pen
38. A. ButB. AndC. SD. Or
39. A. ObservingB. KeepingC. RepairingD. Drpping
40. A. pssibleB. perfectC. uniqueD. necessary
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A 36. B 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過女兒和她最喜歡的毛毯的故事，說明了我們習慣于自己熟悉的事物。但是，很多時候我們對這種熟悉產生了一定的依賴，不愿放棄，從而阻礙了我們實現人生的目標或追尋真正的幸福。因此，作者提出我們要學會適時放手，有時改變也是美麗的。
【21題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她盡力去愛自己擁有的一切。A. prtect保護； B. cllect收集；C. lve 愛；D. study學習。根據下文多次提到的favrite以及第四段中的 “It was smething that she lved. （它是她所喜歡的東西。）”可知，作者的女兒盡力去愛自己擁有的物品。故選C項。
【22題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：看起來毛毯是與她關系最緊密的東西。A. watches觀看；B. keeps保持；C. fllws跟隨；D. tuches觸摸。根據下文的“I always see her dragging that blanket arund frm upstairs t dwnstairs, dwnstairs t upstairs.（我經?？匆娕畠簶巧蠘窍聛砘乩鹤?。）”可知，她非常喜歡這個毯子，看得出她與毯子保持密切的關系。故選B項。
【23題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她坐著吃東西和刷牙的時候都帶著它甚至直接跳出浴室沖向它。A. still仍然；B. yet 但是；C. just只是；D. even甚至。分析語境可知，本句子中的“She sits and eats with it, tries t brush her teeth with it（坐著吃東西和刷牙的時候都帶著它）”和“jumps right ut f the bath t run t it（跳出浴室沖向它）” 之間是遞進關系，所以even是最佳答案。故選D項。
【24題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然毛毯一周之內經過好多次清洗，但它幾乎一直都是臟的。A. washed清洗；B. repaired 修理；C. brken 打破；D. changed 改變。althugh引導讓步狀語從句，意為“雖然……”，再結合下一題的分析可知，本句是要表達“雖然每周清洗幾次，但它依然還是臟的”。故選A項。
【25題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但它幾乎一直都是臟的。A. clean干凈的；B. dirty臟的；C. gd好的；D. bad 糟糕的。根據下一題的分析可知，孩子經常接觸到的物品容易滋生細菌，引發(fā)疾病，這說明女兒經常玩耍用的毯子是很臟的。故選B項。
【26題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：任何一位家長都會告訴你細菌會進入孩子接觸的東西并且讓孩子們生病而不是變得更好。A. fun娛樂；B. patience耐心；C. truble麻煩； D. cntact接觸。根據本句的“germs（細菌）”和“sick（生病）”可知，此處表示孩子經?！敖佑|到”的物品容易滋生細菌，引發(fā)疾病，have cntact with：和……有接觸。故選D項。
【27題詳解】
考查短語辨析。句意：任何一位家長都會告訴你細菌會進入孩子接觸的東西并且讓孩子們生病而不是變得更好。A. instead f 代替，而不是；B. in favr f支持；C. in spite f 盡管，不管；D. regardless f不管。根據本句的“stay sick（病著）和getting better（好轉）” 之間是轉折關系，因此選擇instead f符合語境。故選A項。
【28題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，很不情愿地，我們將毛毯強迫帶出孩子的生活。A. went去；B. led領導；C. frced強迫；D. sent發(fā)送。根據第2小題的分析可知，女兒很喜歡那條毛毯。但是弄臟的毛毯又容易引發(fā)疾病，再根據本句的“unwillingly（不情愿地）”可知，作者在不情愿的情況下，還是強行地拿走了女兒的毛毯。故選C項。
【29題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當然她很不開心。A. excited興奮的；B. pleased 快樂的；C. cnfused困惑的；D. ashamed慚愧的。根據上一題的分析可知，作者不讓自己的女兒玩最喜歡的毛毯，她當然不高興。故選B項。
【30題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：那是她喜歡和熟悉的東西，她知道那是屬于她的東西。A. guessed猜測；B. prved證明；C. knew知道；D. hped希望。根據本句的“l(fā)ved（喜愛）”和“had established（已經建立了）”可知，應該填入的詞與它們形成意義上的遞進，所以knew 為最佳答案，表示女兒知道她喜歡的東西是自己的。故選C項。
【31題詳解】
考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，自從毛毯不見了，她有了更好的機會能夠更快地戰(zhàn)勝感冒并且不再生病。A. since自從；B. if如果；C. until直到；D. unless 除非。根據本句的“getting ver her cld faster and nt getting sick again（更快的戰(zhàn)勝了感冒并且沒有再次生?。?并結合第8題的分析可知，作者的女兒從感冒中得以快速的痊愈是因為不再接觸那個臟的毛毯，即快速的痊愈是自從離開那個臟兮兮的毛毯開始的。故選A項。
【32題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，自從毛毯不見了，她有了更好的機會能夠更快地戰(zhàn)勝感冒并且不再生病。A. idea想法；B. sense 意義；C. habit 習慣；D. chance 機會。根據上一題的分析可知，女兒不再經常接觸那條毛毯為她更快地從感冒中痊愈和以后不再感冒提供了機會，所以chance為最佳答案。故選D項。
【33題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她并不知道這一點，但是這個毛毯是使她受困于疾病的一部分因素。A. related相關的；B. trapped受困的；C. disappinted失望的；D. inspired受鼓舞的。根據第11題的分析可知，臟的毛毯是女兒感冒的原因，即作者的女兒被毛毯帶來的疾病所困擾，trapped合乎語境，下一段的caught也是提示詞。故選B項。
【34題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為成年人的我們知道有許多東西正在阻止我們實現真正的目的，甚至真正的幸福。A. researchers研究人員；B. dctrs醫(yī)生；C. adults 成年人；D. friends朋友。根據本句的“as（作為）”可知，we 與所填入的詞指代的人物是一致的，再結合下文描述的“我們（一般人）的情況”可知，adults為最佳答案。故選C項。
【35題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是我們卻不愿意放手。A. g離去；B. hide 隱藏；C. happen發(fā)生；D. develp發(fā)展。根據前文“We knw a lt f things that are keeping us frm ur true purpse，r even，true happiness. （我們知道有許多事物阻礙我們實現真正的目的，甚至阻礙我們追尋真正的幸福。）和but表示轉折可知，本句表達的是“對那些事物，我們卻不愿意放手”。故選A項。
【36題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的朋友、習慣還有愧疚的愉悅使我們受困于一種疾病、失望、苦難或者是痛苦的狀態(tài)中。A. pity遺憾； B. pain痛苦；C. curisity好奇心； D. excitement 興奮；根據本句的“sickness, disappintment, suffering（疾病，沮喪，苦難）”可知，應該填入的詞與它們在意思上相近，因此pain是符合語境的。故選B項。
【37題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們寧愿不放手因為我們對他們很熟悉。A. cmplete完整的；B. safe 安全的；C. clse緊密的；D. pen開放的。根據本句的“because they are familiar（因為我們熟悉他們）”并結合第15題的分析可知，我們熟悉他們，我們不愿意放手。因此，我們與他們的關系很是緊密。故選C項。
【38題詳解】
考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：但是改變有些時候是美好的。A. But但是；B. And并且；C. S因此；D. Or或者。根據上一題的分析可知，人們習慣于熟悉的事物，不愿意改變，不愿意放手，再結合本句中的“ smetimes change is beautiful（改變有時是美好的）”可知，本句與上文之間是轉折關系。故選A項。
【39題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：放棄我們手里的“安全毯”是困難的選擇，但是它是我們成長過程中必要的一步。A. Observing觀察；B. Keeping保持；C. Repairing 修理；D. Drpping 放下，丟下；根據第17題的分析可知，我們對于熟悉的人和事物是不愿意放手的。由此可推知，放棄我們手里的“安全毯”是件困難的事情。故選D項。
【40題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：放棄我們手里“安全毯”是困難的選擇，但是它是我們成長過程中必要的一步。A. pssible可能的；B. perfect完美的；C. unique 獨一無二的；D. necessary 必要的。根據第18題的分析可知，作者強調學會改變。本句的but表示轉折，因此雖然很難，但是學會適時放棄一些事情是人成長過程中重要的和必要的一步。故選D項。
第二節(jié)（共 10 小題；每小題 1.5 分，滿分 15 分）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
A law amendment(修正案) that allws cuples in China t have three children ____41____(pass) n Friday. Supprtive measures aimed at encuraging births, such as prtecting wmen’s wrkplace rights and ____42____(lwer) educatin csts, als received legal backing in the revised Ppulatin and Family Planing Law.
The plicy shift addresses the challenge f declining birth rates. Accrding t the ____43____(late) natinal survey, the prprtin f thse aged 60 and abve rse t 18.7 percent last year, while the birth rate ____44____(drp) t 1.3 children per wman.
Zhang Guilng, ____45____ fficial frm the NPC, says that revisins made t the law are aimed at ensuring prgress can be made tward the gal f achieving ____46____(balance) ppulatin develpment in the lng run.
In particular, the revised law serves ____47____ a push fr establishing affrdable nursery care service systems. In ____48____(respnd) t cncerns that the third-child plicy will likely deepen gender discriminatin against wrking wmen, the law states that a wmen’s right t emplyment will be guaranteed and that emplyment services will be prvided fr thse ____49____ jbs are affected due t pregnancies.
The law als fr the first time addresses parental leave, making _____50_____ clear that supprt will be given t regins exercising the practice.
【答案】41. was passed
42. lwering
43. latest 44. drpped
45. an 46. balanced
47. as 48. respnse
49. whse 50. it
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇新聞報道。文章講述了周五，中國通過了一項允許夫婦生育三個孩子的法律修正案。
【41題詳解】
考查動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：周五，中國通過了一項允許夫婦生育三個孩子的法律修正案。本句有時間狀語n Friday，結合下文received也使用了過去時，此處陳述過去發(fā)生的事情，使用一般過去時，主語A law amendment和pass為被動關系，主語為單數名詞，謂語動詞使用第三人稱單數形式。故填was passed。
【42題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：旨在鼓勵生育的支持性措施，如保護婦女的工作場所權利和降低教育費用，也在修訂后的《人口和計劃生育法》中得到法律支持。此處為measures“措施”的兩個例子，lwering和prtecting為并列結構，需填動名詞作賓語。故填lwering。
【43題詳解】
考查最高級。句意：根據最新的全國調查，去年60歲及以上的人口比例上升到18.7%，而出生率下降到每個婦女1.3個孩子。定冠詞the修飾形容詞最高級。故填latest。
【44題詳解】
考查動詞時態(tài)。句意同上。根據時間狀語“l(fā)ast year”可知，此處使用一般過去時。故填drpped。
【45題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：全國人大官員張貴龍表示，對該法律的修訂旨在確保從長遠來看能夠朝著實現人口平衡發(fā)展的目標取得進展。fficial為可數名詞，此處表示泛指，且fficial發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，需用不定冠詞an修飾。故填an。
【46題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意同上?？仗幮杼钚稳菰~作定語，修飾名詞ppulatin develpment。故填balanced。
【47題詳解】
考查固定短語。句意：特別是，此次修改案是為了推進建立負擔得起的保育服務體系。serve as...為固定短語，表示“充當”。故填as。
【48題詳解】
考查固定短語。句意：針對“三胎”政策可能會加劇對職業(yè)女性的性別歧視的擔憂，該法律表示，將保障女性的就業(yè)權利，并為那些因懷孕而工作受到影響的人提供就業(yè)服務。In respnse t…為固定短語，表示“回應”。故填respnse。
【49題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意同上?？仗幰龑ФㄕZ從句，先行詞thse，在定語從句中作定語，需用關系代詞whse引導。故填whse。
【50題詳解】
考查代詞。句意：該法律還首次解決了育兒假問題，明確表示將給予實施育兒假的地區(qū)支持?！癿ake it adj.+that…”為固定用法，it為形式賓語，that引導賓語從句。故填it。
第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分 35 分）
第一節(jié) 短文改錯（共 10 小題；每小題 1 分，滿分 10 分）
51. 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有 10處語言錯誤。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。
修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在其下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
2.只允許修改 10處，多者（從第 11處起）不計分。
Dear Sir，
I have learned that vlunteers fr Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games is needed.I’m writing t apply t this psitin. As native f Beijing, I think it is a privilege and dutyfr me t ffer the best vluntary service t ur freign guests and meanwhile prmting Chinese culture. I believe I’m equally t the jb. I have a gd cmmand f English and I’m cnfident in giving players guidance and help as requiring. What’s mre, I have a knwledge f winter sprts, which they will prve helpful in cmmunicating with players. Additinally, I had been invlved in several internatinal exchange prgrams, but enjy spreading ur culture t freigners.
I wuld appreciate it if yu culd ffer me the pprtunities. Thank yu fr yur time and cnsideratin.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】1. is→are
2.t→fr
3. as 后加a
4. prmting→prmte
5. equally→equal
6.requiring→required
7. 刪除they
8. had→have
9. but →and
10.pprtunities→pprtunity
【解析】
【分析】本文是一封申請信。李華申請成為2022年冬奧會的志愿者。
【詳解】1.考查主謂一致。句意：我聽說北京2022年冬奧會需要志愿者。主語vlunteers是復數，謂語動詞用復數，文章主時態(tài)是一般現在時，故將is改為are。
2.考查介詞。句意：我寫信想申請這個職位。固定短語：apply t的意思是“適用于”；apply fr的意思是“申請”，此處表示“申請這個職位”，故將t改為fr。
3.考查冠詞。句意：作為北京人，我認為為外賓提供最好的志愿服務，同時弘揚中華文化，是我的榮幸和責任。native“本地人，當地人”為可數名詞，此處指作者本人，所以應用單數，其前要加不定冠詞。故as后加a。
4.考查非謂語動詞。句意同上。It is + n.+fr sb. t d sth.是固定搭配，根據本句中and可知，此處的prmte和t ffer為并列關系，當不定式并列時，第一個動詞前要加上t，其它的可以省略t。所以prmting改為prmte。
5.考查形容詞。句意：我相信我能勝任這份工作。am是系動詞，接形容詞作表語，be equal t sth.“能夠勝任某工作/職位”。故將equally改為equal。
6.考查狀語從句的省略。句意：我有很好的英語能力，我有信心在需要的時候給球員指導和幫助。分析句子可知，此處是as(I am)required的省略，當主句主語和從句主語一致，且從句謂語動詞有be時，從句主語和be可以省略，I和require是動賓關系，應該用被動語態(tài)，故將requiring改為required。
7.考查代詞。句意：而且，我對冬季運動有一定的了解，這對于和運動員交流很有幫助。分析可知，which之后的內容為非限制性定語從句，which在從句中作主語，指代主句，所以此處they多余，故刪除they。
8.考查時態(tài)。句意：此外，我還參加了幾個國際交流項目，我喜歡向外國人傳播我們的文化。根據前文內容可知，作者講述了自己想作為一名申請人的優(yōu)勢，所以用了一般現在時。此處指自己在申請之前已經參加過一些國際的交流項目，表明這些項目帶給自己的結果，所以時態(tài)要用現在完成時。故had改為have。
9.考查連詞。句意同上。分析可知，逗號前后的兩個分句是并列關系，并非轉折，故將but改為and。
10.考查名詞。句意：如果你能給我機會，我會很感激的。此處特指上文提到的這一次機會，名詞用單數，故將pprtunities改為pprtunity。
第二節(jié) 書面表達（滿分 25 分）
52. 假如你是校報編輯李華。今年是抗美援朝紀念七十周年，你校組織全體師生，于上周末前往烈士陵園參觀，請你為此寫一篇校內新聞，內容應包括：
1.活動過程；
2.活動意義。
注意：1.寫作詞數應為 100 詞左右；
2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。
抗美援朝：the War t Resist US Aggressin and Aid Krea.
A Visit t the Memrial Park
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 A Visit t the Memrial Park
A ne-day tur t the Memrial Park was scheduled last week under the arrangement f ur schl with students’ and teachers’ burning participatin.
This educatinal event featured ur cnstant respect fr dead sldiers under diverse mnuments alng tree-lined paths, facilitating an verall impressin with histric mments fr war heres. One f the highlights belnged t ur guide’s descriptin f a devted sldier lsing his life fr saving a drwning Krean kid, pushing all t tears.
In admiratin f the devted spirits, this remarkable pprtunity bsted ur awareness f the belved cuntry and ur respnsibility fr future cntributins.
【解析】
【分析】本篇書面表達屬于記敘文。假如你是校報編輯李華。今年是抗美援朝紀念七十周年，你校組織全體師生，于上周末前往烈士陵園參觀，請你為此寫一篇校內新聞。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
參加：attendance→participatin
促進：prmte→bst
教育的：instructinal→educatinal
忠誠的：cmmitted→devted
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復合句
原句：One f the highlights belnged t ur guide’s descriptin f a devted sldier lsing his life fr saving a drwning Krean kid, pushing all t tears.
拓展句：One f the highlights belnged t ur guide’s descriptin f a devted sldier lsing his life fr saving a drwning Krean kid, which pushed all t tears.
【點睛】[高分句型1] This educatinal event featured ur cnstant respect fr dead sldiers under diverse mnuments alng tree-lined paths, facilitating an verall impressin with histric mments fr war heres. (運用了現在分詞作狀語)
[高分句型2] One f the highlights belnged t ur guide’s descriptin f a devted sldier lsing his life fr saving a drwning Krean kid, pushing all t tears. (運用了動名詞作賓語)

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