?閱讀理解專題
江蘇省蘇州市2020-2021學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期中試題
第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）
請(qǐng)閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A
Dear Yang,
In the face of Covid-19,we had to make the challenging decision of whether to go ahead with Open House 2020.How could we effectively reconnect with a locked-down city at a time when discussions around openness are more important than ever?
Against these difficulties, we chose not to postpone Open House 2020.Instead, we invested in completely reinventing how we approach our programme.Through a mix of original films, new books, activity packs, walking and cycling tours, podcasts, talks, and a host of online and outdoor events, the year that threatened(威肋）the existence of Open House became one of our most varied and accessible ever.
None of this would have been possible without our Open House Friends,who have reached out to give a monthly donation to support the charity after Covid-19 stopped almost all of our income.
But we still need your support.
If you value our work and want to see Open House continue beyond the pandemic(疫情），please consider becoming an Open House Friend from just ￡l.25 per week.We've made some fantastic gifts to say thank you to everyone who signs up.
￡1.25 a week
－Open House Silver Key badge(徽章）
－Limited edition print by David Knight
－A discount on all our ticketed events
－Free Friends events throughout the year
Click here to donate ￡1.25 a week
￡2.50 a week
－ Open House Silver Key badge
－Limited edition print by David Knight
－A discount on all our ticketed events
－ Free Friends events throughout the year
－A copy of this year's Open House Book, The Alternative Guide to the London Boroughs,
edited by Owen Hatherley
Click here to donate ￡2.50 a week
￡6.25 a week
－Open House Silver Key badge
－Limited edition print by David Knight
－ A discount on all our ticketed events
－Free Friends events throughout the year
－A copy of this year's Open House Book, The Alternative Guide to the London Boroughs,
edited by Owen Hatherley
－Special Open House events on Open House weekends including Friends-only visiting hours
Click here to donate ￡6.25 a week
Thank you -together we can ensure that London is truly an Open City.
The Open House Team
1. What do we know about Open House 2020?
A. Open House 2020 had to be canceled because of the lock-down of the city.
B. Due to the outbreak of Covid-19, all the activities were held online this year.
C. Open House 2020 turned out a great success thanks to people's donations.
D. Despite the financial difficulties, this year's events were held as usual.
2. Which of the following is NOT a reward for one who donates ￡1.25 a week?
A. Open House Silver Key badge.
B. Limited edition print by David Knight.
C. Free Friends events throughout the year.
D. Special Open House events on Open House weekends.
3. What is the purpose of this email?
A. To appeal to readers to make donations to Open House.
B. To explain the procedure of donation to Open House.
C. To encourage readers to sign up for Open House 2020
D. To provide readers with various gifts for Open House 2020.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
這是一篇應(yīng)用文。作者在信中首先感謝人們對(duì)慈善事業(yè)的支持，才使得2020年開(kāi)放日取得了成功。號(hào)召大家繼續(xù)捐款支持慈善事業(yè)，并列出對(duì)捐款人的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。
【1題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“None of this would have been possible without our Open House Friends, who have reached out to give a monthly donation to support the charity after Covid-19 stopped almost all of our income.( 如果沒(méi)有我們的開(kāi)放日朋友，這些都是不可能的，在Covid-19幾乎停止了我們所有的收入后，他們每月都伸出援助之手支持慈善事業(yè))”可知，新冠疫情導(dǎo)致“The Open House Team”幾乎失去了所有的收入，作者感嘆如果沒(méi)有人們的捐款，2020年開(kāi)放日的舉辦是不可能的，可推知，2020年開(kāi)放日取得了成功。因此，我們對(duì)2020年開(kāi)放日的了解是C項(xiàng)“Open House 2020 turned out a great success thanks to people’s donations. (由于人們的捐款，2020年開(kāi)放日活動(dòng)取得了巨大成功)”符合題意。故選C項(xiàng)。
【2題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“￡1.25 a week”下的介紹“－Open House Silver Key badge(徽章）－Limited edition print by David Knight－A discount on all our ticketed events－Free Friends events throughout the year(開(kāi)放式銀鑰匙徽章（徽章）－限量版大衛(wèi)·奈特印刷－所有門(mén)票活動(dòng)的折扣－全年免費(fèi)舉辦朋友活動(dòng))”可知，對(duì)每周捐款1.25英鎊的人的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)有：開(kāi)放式銀鑰匙徽章，限量版大衛(wèi)·奈特印刷；所有門(mén)票活動(dòng)的折扣和全年免費(fèi)舉辦朋友活動(dòng)。因此，以下不是對(duì)每周捐款1.25英鎊的人的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的是：D項(xiàng)“Special Open House events on Open House weekends (開(kāi)放日周末的特別開(kāi)放日活動(dòng))”符合題意。故選D項(xiàng)。
【3題詳解】
推理判斷題。結(jié)合上文及第四段及第五段“But we still need your support. If you value our work and want to see Open House continue beyond the pandemic, please consider becoming an Open House Friend from just ￡l.25 per week.(但我們?nèi)匀恍枰愕闹С?。如果你重視我們的工作，如果想在大流行病之后繼續(xù)舉辦開(kāi)放日活動(dòng)，請(qǐng)考慮以每周1.25英鎊的價(jià)格成為開(kāi)放日朋友)”可知，作者首先感謝了人們對(duì)慈善事業(yè)的支持，2020年開(kāi)放日才取得了成功，接著又談到了，仍然需要人們繼續(xù)支持慈善事業(yè)，并且在下文中列出對(duì)捐款人的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。因此，作者寫(xiě)這封電子郵件的目的A項(xiàng)“To appeal to readers to make donations to Open House(呼吁讀者為開(kāi)放日捐款)”符合題意。故選A項(xiàng)。
B
“Don't delete your browser(瀏覽器）history,”Lin Kai warns his 11-year-old son, who is supposed to be having lectures delivered by his schoolteachers.Mr Lin has reason to be anxious.
To contain the spread of Covid-19, the authorities have closed schools and universities.But＂study must not stop", says the education ministry.Under its orders, the country's biggest exercise in remote learning is under way, watched over by parents.Mr Lin, who lives in the eastern city of Hangzhou, has caught his son being distracted by online games.He wants his son to know that he will inspect the browser for evidence of such naughtiness.
There are other ways to enforce discipline.Liu Weihua, who teaches at Wuhan University of Technology,places more emphasis on how students perform in classroom discussions, which are conducted using video-conferencing platforms such as Dingtalk by Alibaba and Ketang by Tencent.
In poor rural areas, where some households lack internet access, instruction by television fills the gap.Since February 17th China Education Network, a state-run service,has been broadcasting classes every weekday from 8 a.m.to 10 p.m.The first lesson of the day is aimed at pupils in the first year of primary school.Programmes for older children air in the afternoon and evening.All core subjects,such as mathematics and Chinese,are covered.
The interruption is felt most keenly by pupils in the final year of secondary school.That is the year leading up to the gaokao, the university-entrance exam.Many parents feared that online learning is a poor substitute for classroom instruction.Hou Kaixuan, who will sit the gaokao in the northern city of Zhangjiakou this summer, eagerly waits for the re-opening of his school.“I'm simply more productive in a physical classroom,” he says.
When schools and universities eventually re-open, classrooms may be different, says Yue Qiu, a secondary-school teacher in Beijing.The teacher-student relationship will become “l(fā)ess hierarchical(等級(jí)分明的）”，he predicts.That is because China's extended experiment' with online learning is reducing the typical reserve(矜持）between instructor and pupil.Teachers who were previously reluctant to give out their contact details on WeChat, a messaging app, now rely on it to respond to students' questions.At Mr Yue's school, students may even call their teachers to ask for feedback.If he is right, such a breaking-down of barriers could be one of the few happy byproducts of Covid-19.
4. What does the underlined word “distract” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?.
A. frightened B. attracted C. admitted D. impressed
5. In Hou Kaixuan's opinion, online classes can be described as
A. excellent B. productive C. informal D. inefficient
6. What's the main idea of the last paragraph?
A. When schools reopen, teachers and students will probably feel awkward.
B. Teachers and students are willing to contact each other on WeChat.
C. The relationship between teachers and students may become better.
D. Students may ask their teachers for feedback in real classrooms.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C
【解析】
這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。短文說(shuō)明了新冠疫情期間，不同人對(duì)中國(guó)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)教學(xué)的不同的觀點(diǎn)。
【4題詳解】
詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后的“by online games.網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲”以及“He wants his son to know that he will inspect the browser for evidence of such naughtiness.”可知，他想讓兒子知道，他會(huì)檢查瀏覽器，尋找這種頑皮行為的證據(jù)。由此判斷出，林先生發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的兒子被玩網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲所吸引。故劃線詞的意思是“吸引”。故選B。
【5題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“I'm simply more productive in a physical classroom”可知，我只是在實(shí)體課堂上的學(xué)習(xí)更有效率。由此判斷出，在侯凱旋看來(lái)，網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程是低效的。故選D項(xiàng)。
【6題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“The teacher-student relationship will become “l(fā)ess hierarchical(等級(jí)分明的）”。師生等級(jí)分明的關(guān)系變得越來(lái)越小?！癆t Mr Yue's school, students may even call their teachers to ask for feedback.If he is right, such a breaking-down of barriers could be one of the few happy byproducts of Covid-19.”可知，在岳先生所在的學(xué)校里，學(xué)生們甚至?xí)螂娫捊o老師尋求反饋。如果是這樣的話，那么這種打破師生關(guān)系障礙的做法可能是Covid-19帶來(lái)的為數(shù)不多的好結(jié)果。所以最后一段的主旨是老師和學(xué)生之間的關(guān)系可能變得更好。故選C項(xiàng)。
C
The desire to be perfect is something most of us have felt at some point in our lives.Studying for the perfect test result, searching for the perfect partner, working through the night to smash that perfect presentation.Often, having high standards can drive success, but for some people, diligence and motivation can shift into perfectionism, a misunderstood personality trait（特質(zhì)）that can have dangerous consequences.
Perfectionism has increased significantly over the past three decades, a recent analysis shows.Young people in particular place higher demands on themselves and on others.Our dog-eat-dog world is creating a rising tide of young people who may be putting themselves at risk of mental and physical illness in their search for the perfect life.
Admittedly,perfectionists tend to achieve academically or in their career.But it comes at a price.Even among top athletes and professional dancers, perfectionism is a double-edged sword, according to research by Sanna Nordin- Bates at the Swedish School of sport and Health Science in Stockholm.Through a series of questionnaires and in-depth interviews, she found that perfectionism improves performances in the short run, but then weakens it. "These dancers and athletes speak about the positive aspects of it, but there's always a 'but'.The elements of perfectionism that drive them to reach high standards always come at a cost," she says."We certainly shouldn't be promoting perfectionism as a positive trait in an uncritical manner.It isn't even true that you need it to be a top athlete."
With perfectionism rising rapidly among young people, many parents will share the desire to protect their children. "We've been working on the role parents play and it's complex," says Martin Smith at York St John University. "In terms of preventing it in your children, we know that parental practices have an important influence. "To avoid creating perfectionist tendencies, parents need to focus on loving their children in a more unconditional way, rather than focusing their love on specific successes.They can also help young people cope with the pressures of modern life.
"It's a cliche (陳詞濫調(diào)），but we need to promote the idea of life-long learning as an attitude in our children-the sense that things are not over when one test has been done, one race has been won or lost, "says Nordin-Bates. All of us can benefit from this approach to life. "It's not about being perfect, " she says. "If you want to be happy and healthy for 80-plus years then you have to focus on what you gained from an experience, rather than what grade you achieved. "
7. What do we know about perfectionism according to the passage?
A. People will become perfectionists if they are hardworking and motivated.
B. Perfectionism ensures people a better performance in school and in career.
C. Nowadays young people may have fallen victim to perfectionism.
D. Perfectionism is the key to success for top athletes and professional dancers.
8. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Hard work.
B. Perfectionism.
C. A positive trait.
D. An uncritical manner.
9. Which of the following statements is a good suggestion on preventing perfectionism?
A. Children should be rewarded for getting good grades.
B. Children under pressure should depend on themselves.
C. Children shouldn't feel sad even though they lose a game.
D. Children should focus more on experiences than perfection.
10. What can be a suitable title for the passage?
A. Why we should seek perfectionism
B. How one can live a happy life
C. When the best is not enough
D. The meaning of being perfect
【答案】7. C 8. B 9. D 10. C
【解析】
這是一篇議論文。講述了現(xiàn)在的年輕人對(duì)于完美的理解，文章認(rèn)為要求完美不一定會(huì)對(duì)生活的更好有幫助，希望年輕人更加在意過(guò)程而不是結(jié)果。
【7題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“...but for some people, diligence and motivation can shift into perfectionism, a misunderstood personality trait（特質(zhì)）that can have dangerous consequences.”（但對(duì)一些人來(lái)說(shuō)，勤奮和動(dòng)力可能會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橥昝乐髁x，這是一種被誤解的個(gè)性特征，可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生危險(xiǎn)的后果。）可知，完美主義可能會(huì)帶來(lái)危險(xiǎn)的后果，因此年輕人要求完美不一定是一件好事，反而讓年輕人成為完美的受害者。故選C項(xiàng)。
【8題詳解】
詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“We certainly shouldn't be promoting perfectionism as a positive trait in an uncritical manner.”（我們不應(yīng)該不加批判地把完美主義作為積極的品質(zhì)來(lái)宣揚(yáng)），和下一句開(kāi)頭“It isn't even true that...”可知，上句提到“完美主義”，下句用了一個(gè)even表遞進(jìn)，該句進(jìn)一步提到“完美主義”，及這里的it 就是指的完美主義，整句話意為：你甚至不需要完美主義就能成為頂級(jí)運(yùn)動(dòng)員。故選B項(xiàng)。
【9題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“If you want to be happy and healthy for 80-plus years then you have to focus on what you gained from an experience, rather than what grade you achieved.”（如果你想在80多年的時(shí)間里保持快樂(lè)和健康，那么你就必須關(guān)注你從一段經(jīng)歷中獲得了什么，而不是你取得了什么成績(jī)。）可知，人們應(yīng)該更加注重經(jīng)歷，而不是成績(jī)和結(jié)果。故選D項(xiàng)。
【10題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段句子“"It's not about being perfect," she says."If you want to be happy and healthy for 80-plus years then you have to focus on what you gained from an experience, rather than what grade you achieved."”（“這與完美無(wú)關(guān)，”她說(shuō)?！叭绻阆朐?0多年的時(shí)間里保持快樂(lè)和健康，那么你必須關(guān)注你從一種經(jīng)歷中獲得了什么，而不是你取得了什么成績(jī)?！保┛芍?，取得完美并不足以代表什么，你在一種經(jīng)歷中的獲得才最顯重要，通讀全文，這也是整篇文章一直講的主題。故選C項(xiàng)。
D
I rang Daisy the next morning and invited her to come to tea.
“Don't bring Tom,”I warned her.
It was raining on the day we had fixed to have tea. A man arrived at eleven o'clock to cut the grass in my garden (Gatsby's lawn(草坪）was always perfect). A little later an enormous quantity of flowers was delivered.
At three o'clock the front door opened and Gatsby hurried in. He looked anxious.
“Have you got everything you need for tea?” he asked.
I took him into the kitchen and showed him the lemon cakes I had bought that morning.
“Are they all right?”
“Of course! They are fine, Nick, my friend,” he said, but I could see he was disappointed.
We went into the living room where he sat down. From time to time he looked through the windows at the rain. Finally he got up and said he was going home.
“Nobody's coming to tea. It's too late! I can't wait all day.”
“Don't be silly. It's only two minutes to four.”
He sat down unhappily and, at the same time, a car drove up to my house.
I went out into the garden. Daisy looked at me and smiled happily. I helped her out of the car.
“Are you in love with me?” she said softly in my ear. “If not, why did I have to come
alone?”
“That's a secret.”
We went in. To my surprise the living room was empty. Then there was a knock at the door. I opened it. Gatsby was standing there in the rain. He disappeared quickly into the living room. I waited at the door. After a moment of silence, Daisy laughed and said in a clear, false voice,
“I'm very glad to see you again.”
I closed the door and joined them in the living room. Gatsby was standing and staring at Daisy. She was sitting, frightened but composed(沉著的)，on the edge of a chair.
“We've met before,”Gatsby said.
“Not for many years,” Daisy added quickly.
“Five years next November,” said Gatsby immediately without thinking.
I sat and talked to Daisy as we drank our tea and ate the lemon cakes. Gatsby was quiet but his anxious, unhappy eyes moved continuously from me to Daisy. I left them together after a while.
When I went back in, they were sitting on the couch, looking at each other. All their embarrassment had gone. Daisy's face was covered with tears. But there was a change in Gatsby that really surprised me. He radiated a feeling of joy that filled the room.
“Hello, my friend,” he said.
“It's stopped raining.”
“Has it?” he said. Then to Daisy: “It's stopped raining.”
“I'm glad, Jay,” she answered, her voice showing her unexpected joy.
11. Who probably had the grass cut and the flowers delivered?
A. Nick. B. Tom. C. Gatsby. D. Daisy.
12. The following sentences show Gatsby's anxiety EXCEPT______.
A. At three o'clock the front door opened and Gatsby hurried in.
B. From time to time he looked through the windows at the rain.
C. “Nobody's coming to tea. It's too late! I can't wait all day.”
D. Gatsby was standing there in the rain.
13. Why did Gatsby deliberately leave the house?
A. He didn't have the courage to meet Daisy.
B. He wanted to create the impression that it was a casual meet.
C. He didn't really want to see Daisy again.
D. He left something important at home and had to go back for it.
14. What does the underlined sentence probably imply?
A. Gatsby had a good memory for dates and time.
B. Gatsby was disappointed at Daisy's answer.
C. Gatsby tried to hide his nervousness.
D. Gatsby was anxious to meet Daisy again.
15. Which of the following is TRUE about Daisy?
A. She was late for tea because of the heavy rain.
B She didn't want to talk to Gatsby due to his rudeness.
C. She hadn't expected to meet Gatsby in Nick's house.
D. She was too embarrassed to notice the rain had stopped.
【答案】11. C 12. D 13. B 14. D 15. C
【解析】
本文是記敘文，是小說(shuō)《了不起的蓋茨比》的片段。文章描述了五年后Gatsby和Daisy在他表哥Nick家里再次相遇的場(chǎng)景。
【11題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“?A man arrived at eleven o'clock to cut the grass in my garden (Gatsby's lawn(草坪）was always perfect).? 一個(gè)男人11點(diǎn)來(lái)修剪了草坪（Gatsby的草坪總是很完美）。A little later an enormous quantity of flowers was delivered.（過(guò)了一會(huì)兒，大量的鮮花也送來(lái)了。）”和“At three o'clock the front door opened and Gatsby hurried in. He looked anxious.（三點(diǎn)整，前門(mén)開(kāi)了Gatsby匆忙地進(jìn)來(lái)。他看起來(lái)很焦急。）”以及下文描述的Gatsby焦急地等Daisy可推知，修理草坪和送花，應(yīng)該是Gatsby的精心準(zhǔn)備。故選C。
【12題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“…the front door opened and Gatsby hurried in. He looked anxious.（前門(mén)開(kāi)了，Gatsby急急忙忙進(jìn)來(lái)了。他看起來(lái)很急切。）”第九段的“From time to time he looked through the windows at the rain. …. ‘Nobody's coming to tea. It's too late! I can't wait all day.’（ 他不時(shí)地透過(guò)窗戶看外面的雨?！瓫](méi)人來(lái)喝茶。太晚了!我不能等一整天。）”可知，描述了在Daisy來(lái)之前，Gatsby 等待時(shí)的焦慮不安；而第16段的“Gatsby was standing there in the rain.（Gatsby站在雨中。）”描述的是Daisy到達(dá)后，“我”和Daisy進(jìn)到房子時(shí)的情景，不符合題意。故選D。
【13題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第16段的“We went in. To my surprise the living room was empty. Then there was a knock at the door. I opened it. Gatsby was standing there in the rain.（我們走了進(jìn)去。令我吃驚的是，客廳沒(méi)人。然后有人敲門(mén)。我打開(kāi)門(mén)。Gatsby站在雨中。）” 再結(jié)合上文提到在Daisy到達(dá)前，Gatsby緊張不安； 他本來(lái)在客廳里，知道Daisy到了，他卻從門(mén)外進(jìn)來(lái)，假裝比Daisy后到達(dá)。由此推知，他故意離開(kāi)房子，是因?yàn)樗幌胱孌aisy知道他一直在等她，想讓Daisy覺(jué)得這是一次偶遇。故選B。
【14題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)此處倒數(shù)7、8段Gatsby和Daisy的對(duì)話“ ‘We've met before,’Gatsby said.‘Not for many years,’ Daisy added quickly. (Gatsby說(shuō)“我們以前就見(jiàn)過(guò)”。Daisy馬上補(bǔ)充說(shuō)“好多年沒(méi)見(jiàn)了”。) ” 劃線句的意思為“Gatsby馬上不假思索地說(shuō)‘到明年十一月就有五年（沒(méi)見(jiàn)了））”可知，Gatsby 很清楚地記得有多久沒(méi)有和Daisy見(jiàn)面。由此推知，這句話暗示了Gatsby 非常期盼和Daisy的重逢。故選D。
【15題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中“‘Are you in love with me?’ she said softly in my ear. ‘If not, why did I have to come alone?’ ‘That's a secret.’（‘你愛(ài)上我了嗎?’她在我耳邊輕聲說(shuō)?！绻皇?，為什么要我一個(gè)人來(lái)呢?’‘這是一個(gè)秘密?！币约拔恼伦詈笠欢沃小癶er voice showing her unexpected joy.（她的聲音流露出她意外的喜悅。）”可知，Daisy問(wèn)Nick為什么要她一人來(lái)，而Nick沒(méi)有告訴她原因。由此可知， Daisy并不知道Nick安排了她和Gatsby的見(jiàn)面，她沒(méi)有預(yù)料到在Nick家里見(jiàn)到Gatsby。故選C。
江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江市2020-2021學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期中試題
第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A

Wayqecha Cloud Forest Lodge(旅館）
Wayqecha is one of the world's best places to explore the cloud forest ecosystem that supports growing populations of animals.
LOCATION
4 Hours from Cusco City,near the south entrance of Manu National Park.
ELEVATION
6,500 to 9.875 ft. above sea level
MAIN FEATURES
Cloud forest, incredible views of the Andes
Villa Carmen Lodge
Located in the Andean foothills, Villa Carmen owns over 25 miles of trails covering a wide variety of habitats（棲息地）。The lodge neighbors several native communities, including some that offer visiting opportunities.
LOCATION
7 Hours from Cusco City, southeast border of Manu National Park.
ELEVATION
1,700 to 3,940 ft. above sea level
MAIN FEATURES
Sustainable agriculture, on-site fish farm
Los Amigos Lodge
Los Amigos is part of a watershed that includes millions of acres of protected wilderness. Wildlife is rich, including 12 globally threatened species, 11 primate species, and over 550 bird species.
LOCATION
1 hour drive and 4 hour boat ride from the city of Puerto Maldonado.
ELEVATION
760 1o 890 ft above sea level
MAIN FEATURES
Unmatched wildlife, lagoon,boat accessibility
Stays at our lodges include:
Three wonderful meals a day according to your diet needs
Limited satellite internet and electricity.
Hot water showers
Opportunity to interact with local and international scientists doing incredible research on site(在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)）
1. If a person likes to explore native communities,where will he choose to live?
A. Wayqecha Cloud Forest Lodge.
B. Villa Carmen Lodge.
C. Los Amigos Lodge.
D. Puerto Maldonado.
2. What can tourists experience in all the three lodges?
A. Personalized meals every day.
B. Free boat trips.
C. Interaction with experts on the Internet.
D. Unlimited internet and electricity.
3. The purpose of this article is to
A. educate people on the importance of environmental conservation
B. recommend some lodges located in the Amazon Forest
C. appeal to people to concentrate on the diversity of the magic forest
D. show people the exploration carried out in Peruvian Amazon Forest
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B
【解析】
這是一篇應(yīng)用文。廣告推薦了三個(gè)旅游勝地的森林旅館。
【1題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)方框二Villa Carmen Lodge中第二句“The lodge neighbors several native communities, including some that offer visiting opportunities.”（ 旅館鄰近幾個(gè)當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)，包括一些提供探訪社區(qū)的機(jī)會(huì)。）可知，該旅館提供探訪社區(qū)的機(jī)會(huì)。所以，如果一個(gè)人喜歡探索當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)，應(yīng)該選擇Villa Carmen Lodge。故選B項(xiàng)。
【2題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)段落Stays at our lodges include中“Three wonderful meals a day according to your diet needs”（根據(jù)你的飲食需要，一日三餐都很美味）可知，旅館里提供符合自己飲食需要的一日三餐，所以游客在這三個(gè)旅館每天都能吃到個(gè)性化的膳食。故選A項(xiàng)。
【3題詳解】
推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了三個(gè)森林旅館，描述了它們的名稱，地點(diǎn)，高度，主要特點(diǎn)。最后，通過(guò)“Stays at our lodges include…”（住在我們旅館包括……）又介紹了旅館包括的各種服務(wù)。由此推斷，文章目的是：推薦一些位于亞馬遜森林的旅館，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。選項(xiàng)A“教育人們環(huán)境保護(hù)的重要性”、C“呼吁人們關(guān)注魔法森林的多樣性”和D“向人們展示在Peruvian Amazon森林進(jìn)行的探索”等主題，本文章均未涉及。故選B項(xiàng)。
B
Caleb Anderson is a kid unlike any other. While most students his age are preparing for 7th grade, Caleb-from Marietta, Georgia-is starting his sophomore year of college.
The 12-year-old student is currently enrolled at Chattahoochee Technical College, where he is on track to earn his bachelor's degree in aerospace engineering in two years, according to CBS News. “I'm not really smart," Caleb told the outlet. “I just grasp information quickly. So, if I learn quicker, then I get ahead faster."But Caleb isn't just shooting for a diploma-he has his eyes set on joining the Georgia Institute of Technology or the Massachusetts Institute for Technology, which he hopes will help him get an internship(實(shí)習(xí)期） with Tesla and Space X founder Elon Musk.
“When I was like 1, I always wanted to go to space," he recently told USA Today."I figured that aerospace engineering would be the best path." Caleb learned sign language when he was 9 months old and kept improving after that. He started reading a few months later, then was able to solve math problems around his second birthday, CBS News reported. He was just 3 years old when he qualified for MENSA-a non-profit organization for people who score in the 98th percentile or higher in a standardized intelligence test.
Caleb's parents knew early that their child was one of a kind, especially when they talked to other parents. “As we started to interact with other parents, and had other children, then we started to realize how exceptional this experience was, because we had no other frame of reference," Caleb's dad, Kobi, told WKYC."He has far surpassed me in math, so I can't help him anymore," Caleb's mother, Claire, told WKYC that she hopes her son's example can show other African-American parents that their child can be just as special.
“I think people have a negative perspective when it comes to African-American boys," she said."There are many other Calebs out there. "
She continued,"From being a teacher-I really believe that. But they don't have the opportunity or the resources."
4. Why is Caleb unlike any other kid?
A. He is an African-American boy.
B. He is from Marietta, Georgia.
C. He is a college sophomore and a MENSA member.
D. His mother is a teacher.
5. Up to now,Caleb______
A. has joined the Georgia Institute for Technology
B. has got an internship with Elon Musk
C. has earned his bachelor's degree
D. has learned sign language
6. What can we infer from Caleb's growth?
A. He is a gifted child from birth.
B. Aerospace engineering is the best path for kids.
C. Sign language plays a key role in character training.
D. Kids should be taught to learn math before two years old.
7. In the eyes of Caleb's mother,_
A. African-American boys can be very special
B. her child is exactly the same as other African-American boys
C. African-American boys are provided with good resources
D. people now have a correct attitude to African-American boys
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述Caleb Anderson，一個(gè)出生就很有天賦的小孩，當(dāng)和他同齡的學(xué)生都在準(zhǔn)備上七年級(jí)時(shí)，他已經(jīng)開(kāi)始上大學(xué)二年級(jí)了。
【4題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Caleb Anderson is a kid unlike any other. While most students his age are preparing for 7th grade, Caleb-from Marietta, Georgia-is starting his sophomore year of college.” Caleb Anderson”（是一個(gè)與眾不同的孩子。當(dāng)和他同齡的學(xué)生都在準(zhǔn)備上七年級(jí)時(shí)，來(lái)自佐治亞州瑪麗埃塔的caleb卻開(kāi)始上大學(xué)二年級(jí)了。） 第三段的最后一句 “He was just 3 years old when he qualified for MENSA-a non-profit organization for people who score in the 98th percentile or higher in a standardized intelligence test.” 在他3歲的時(shí)候，他就獲得了Mensa的資格。Mensa是一個(gè)非盈利組織，專門(mén)為那些在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化智力測(cè)試中得分在98%或以上的人設(shè)立。故選C。
【5題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Caleb learned sign language when he was 9 months old and kept improving after that.”（ Caleb在他9個(gè)月大的時(shí)候開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)手語(yǔ)，之后一直在進(jìn)步。）由此可知Caleb到目前為止學(xué)習(xí)了手勢(shì)語(yǔ)，故選D。
【6題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Caleb learned sign language when he was 9 months old and kept improving after that. He started reading a few months later, then was able to solve math problems around his second birthday, CBS News reported. He was just 3 years old when he qualified for MENSA-a non-profit organization for people who score in the 98th percentile or higher in a standardized intelligence test.” （Caleb在他9個(gè)月大的時(shí)候開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)手語(yǔ)，之后一直在進(jìn)步。據(jù)哥倫比亞廣播公司報(bào)道，幾個(gè)月后，他開(kāi)始閱讀，然后在兩歲生日時(shí)就能解數(shù)學(xué)題了。在他3歲的時(shí)候，他就獲得了Mensa的資格。Mensa是一個(gè)非盈利組織，專門(mén)為那些在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化智力測(cè)試中得分在98%或以上的人設(shè)立。）由此可以推斷Caleb出生時(shí)候就很有天賦。故選A。
【7題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段最后一句“Caleb's mother, Claire, told WKYC that she hopes her son's example can show other African-American parents that their child can be just as special. ” （卡萊布的母親克萊爾告訴WKYC，她希望她兒子的榜樣能向其他非裔美國(guó)人的父母表明，他們的孩子也一樣特別。所以在Caleb媽媽的眼里非裔美國(guó)孩子是非常特別的，）故選A。
【點(diǎn)睛】推理判斷題的推斷對(duì)象主要包括隱含意思、目標(biāo)讀者、觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度、文章出處、寫(xiě)作意圖等。以推斷隱含意義的題目居多。推斷隱含意義，即要求根據(jù)文章的某個(gè)句子、段落或全文所提供的事實(shí)進(jìn)行邏輯推理，推斷出作者沒(méi)有提到、沒(méi)有明說(shuō)或者可能發(fā)生的事實(shí)。題干中常含infer（推斷），suggest（暗示），imply（暗示），indicate（暗示），conclude（推斷，得出結(jié)論）等詞語(yǔ)。解此類題，首先找到相關(guān)信息，然后細(xì)讀、理解相關(guān)信息的字面意義，最后結(jié)合語(yǔ)境和常識(shí)，在字面意義的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行符合邏輯的推斷，從而理解作者的言外之意。如小題3，根據(jù)第三段“Caleb learned sign language when he was 9 months old and kept improving after that. He started reading a few months later, then was able to solve math problems around his second birthday, CBS News reported. He was just 3 years old when he qualified for MENSA-a non-profit organization for people who score in the 98th percentile or higher in a standardized intelligence test.”（ Caleb在他9個(gè)月大的時(shí)候開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)手語(yǔ)，之后一直在進(jìn)步。據(jù)哥倫比亞廣播公司報(bào)道，幾個(gè)月后，他開(kāi)始閱讀，然后在兩歲生日時(shí)就能解數(shù)學(xué)題了。在他3歲的時(shí)候，他就獲得了Mensa的資格。Mensa是一個(gè)非盈利組織，專門(mén)為那些在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化智力測(cè)試中得分在98%或以上的人設(shè)立。）由此可以推斷Caleb出生時(shí)候就很有天賦。故選A。
C
Scientists say they are in a race against time. The endangered Franciscana Dolphin population off the Argentine coast is shrinking. The dolphins are dying in fishing nets and scientists are trying to reverse(扭轉(zhuǎn))that trend.
Doctor Martin Mandez is one of the team leaders. He and his colleagues are combining three lines of research. They are catching the dolphins and implanting devices for satellite tracking. They are testing environmental conditions such as the food supply and water temperature to better understand why the dolphins choose to live there. And back in New York, Mandez is studying the dolphins on a molecular(分子的)level by sequencing(測(cè)定序列)their DNA to better classify family groups.
They think that they basically completed a very important piece of research. They combined each of their new data for addressing population structure.
The team hopes the combined data will paint a very clear picture of the rare dolphin’s habitat, allowing scientists like Pablo Bordino to make informed recommendations for their protection. Bordino says the research is born some surprising discoveries.
They are finding that those animals are special residents. They don’t like to move a lot so that results support the genetic results too.
And that could be important, according to Mandez, gill net fishing in certain areas has the potential to wipe out entire families of Franciscana Dolphins.
Basically the end-goal is to preserve such kind of dolphins, as a viable(可繁衍的)species.This means having viable populations to distribute(分布)in space.So they are basically doing everything they can, combining all the evidence they can, different tools, and different lines of research to provide the best understanding they can to then put together a sense of conservation plan. So they are basically at the point. They trust throwing science at its best to address this issue.
Mandez says in recent years, local fishing and the government in Argentina had been helpful to their mission. Ultimately though, he believes the fate of the Franciscana dolphin may come down to science.
8. Which of the following statements belongs to the three lines of research?
A. Tracking the leader of a dolphin family with satellites.
B. Improving the living conditions of the dolphins.
C. Studying the dolphins’ preference for where to live.
D. Classifying the dolphins into different family groups by their habitats.
9. The Franciscana dolphin’s habit of living in certain areas without moving may have a consequence that
A. they may eat up all the food in certain areas
B. they may have the potential to harm other sea life
C. they are likely to be killed off by gill fishing
D. they will have trouble adapting to the environment in other areas
10. What determines the fate of the Franciscana dolphin according to Mandez?
A. Science.
B. Local fishing.
C. The habitat.
D. The government’s effort.
11. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Fishing nets are putting rare dolphins in great danger.
B. Satellite tracking is widely used in protecting endangered dolphins.
C. Scientist are testing environmental conditions off the Argentine coast.
D. Scientists are trying to stop Franciscana Dolphin population from dying out.
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要闡述了阿根廷沿海拉河豚面臨滅絕，科學(xué)家們正在尋找可行的辦法使河豚這個(gè)物種繼續(xù)繁殖下去。
【8題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“He and his colleagues are combining three lines of research. They are catching the dolphins and implanting devices for satellite tracking. They are testing environmental conditions such as the food supply and water temperature to better understand why the dolphins choose to live there. (他和他的同事們正在結(jié)合三個(gè)方面的研究。他們正在捕捉海豚并植入衛(wèi)星跟蹤裝置。他們正在測(cè)試環(huán)境條件，如食物供應(yīng)和水溫，以更好地了解海豚為什么選擇在那里生活)”可知，科學(xué)家們捕捉海豚并植入衛(wèi)星跟蹤裝置，是為了更好的了解海豚喜歡的生活地點(diǎn)。因此，以下陳述屬于這三個(gè)方面的研究是：C項(xiàng)“研究海豚對(duì)生活地點(diǎn)的偏好（Studying the dolphins’preference for where to live）”符合題意，故選C項(xiàng)。
【9題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段和第六段“They don’t like to move a lot so that results support the genetic results too.And that could be important, according to Mandez, gill net fishing in certain areas has the potential to wipe out entire families of Franciscana Dolphins.(它們不喜歡移動(dòng)太多，結(jié)果也支持遺傳結(jié)果。這可能很重要，根據(jù)曼德茲的說(shuō)法，刺網(wǎng)捕魚(yú)在某些地區(qū)有可能消滅拉河豚的整個(gè)家族)”可知，拉河豚不喜歡移動(dòng)，這個(gè)習(xí)性很可能導(dǎo)致他們被刺網(wǎng)捕魚(yú)滅絕。因此，拉河豚習(xí)慣于生活在某些區(qū)域而不移動(dòng)，其后果可能是C項(xiàng)：“they are likely to be killed off by gill fishing(它們很可能會(huì)被刺魚(yú)捕撈致死)”符合題意，故選C項(xiàng)。
【10題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一句“Ultimately though, he believes the fate of the Franciscana dolphin may come down to science.(不過(guò)，他相信，拉河豚的命運(yùn)最終可能取決于科學(xué))”可知，曼德茲認(rèn)為，拉河豚的命運(yùn)最終可能取決于科學(xué)。因此，據(jù)曼德茲的說(shuō)法，決定了拉河豚的命運(yùn)的是A項(xiàng)：“Science(科學(xué))” 符合題意，故選A項(xiàng)。.
【11題詳解】
主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Scientists say they are in a race against time. The endangered Franciscana Dolphin population off the Argentine coast is shrinking. The dolphins are dying in fishing nets and scientists are trying to reverse that trend. (科學(xué)家說(shuō)他們正在與時(shí)間賽跑。阿根廷沿海瀕臨滅絕的拉河豚數(shù)量正在減少。海豚在漁網(wǎng)中死亡，科學(xué)家正試圖扭轉(zhuǎn)這種趨勢(shì))”以及第六段“gill net fishing in certain areas has the potential to wipe out entire families of Franciscana Dolphins.(刺網(wǎng)捕魚(yú)在某些地區(qū)有可能消滅拉河豚的整個(gè)家族)”以及倒數(shù)第二段“Basically the end-goal is to preserve such kind of dolphins, as a viable species.(基本上，最終目標(biāo)是保護(hù)這類海豚，作為一種可繁衍的物種)”可知，本文主要闡述了，由于刺網(wǎng)捕魚(yú)，阿根廷沿海瀕拉河豚面臨滅絕，科學(xué)家們正在尋找可行的辦法，使河豚這個(gè)物種繼續(xù)繁殖下去。因此，這篇文章主要的是D項(xiàng)“Scientists are trying to stop Franciscana Dolphin population from dying outScientists are trying to stop Franciscana Dolphin population from dying out.(科學(xué)家們正試圖阻止拉河豚種群的滅絕)” 符合題意，故選D項(xiàng)。.
D
For some in China, the aim of travel is to create 15-second videos. It's not about where you've been. It's about where you're seen to have been.
Perched(坐落于)on cliffs above a river, Hongyadong is a stilt-house complex in mock-traditional(仿古的)style in the city of Chongqing. Its bars, restaurants and golden neon lights have been a popular draw since it was built in 2006. Last year the number of visitors surged, with the waiting time to get in being three hours. For a while Hongyadong became the biggest attraction in China after the Forbidden City. The main reason, it seemed, was Hongyadong's sudden popularity on a social-media app Douyin, which is used for sharing photographs and 15-second videos.
Instead of having fun, some people now go in great numbers to remote strawberry farms or Icelandic fjords(峽灣)to take photos to impress their friends on social media. In China, Douyin, launched in 2016, has 230m monthly active users. Unlike users of Instagram, who mainly browse feeds of pictures posted by people they follow, Douyin's fans commonly use the app to watch hot-trending videos posted by users they do not know under categories such as “food” and “scenic spots”.
Uploading a picture or video from a photogenic spot to sites such as Douyin and Kuaishou is known in China as daka, meaning “punching the card”. The word is also used to refer to the practice of registering your presence at a location that has already become hot. The aim is not to produce a well-crafted video or beautiful photograph, but simply to show that you have also been to the places that are popular.
A subculture has developed of young people who choose daka as a lifestyle. So-called daka zu-“daka tribes”-can be found roaming Chongqing and other cities, checking in at as many hot locations as possible within a single day. Guides can be found online, to show the most efficient ways to achieve this. Companies offer “daka tours”. Shops and restaurants in China try to make themselves as daka- friendly as possible: a coffee shop in Beijing built inside a shipping container, for example. Douyin users can use the app to create “daka videos”: super-speed slide shows of themselves at daka sites.
The daka craze may have practical origins (起源). China's young urban professionals have little vacation time. In their first year at a company, employees can expect at most five-day paid-vacation. So workers need to make the most of their limited leisure time. Douyin captures the mood with its slogan: “Make every second count.”
12. What made Hongyadong the second biggest tourist attraction in China?
A. Its location and mock-traditional style.
B. The three-hour waiting time to access it.
C. Its bars, restaurants and golden neon lights.
D. Quite a few users sharing photos and videos of it on Douyin.
13. What can we infer from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3?
A. Icelandic fjords are the most famous travel destination on social media.
B. Strawberry farms are highly recommended on social media.
C. The purpose of travelling has been changed by social media.
D. Social media make it possible for users to have fun in remote areas.
14. What most probably causes the increasing popularity of daka?
A. The desire for travel.
B. Limited leisure time.
C. Daka- friendly working places.
D. Free daka tours.
15. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Are social media popular in China?
B. Is daka the aim of travel?
C. Hongyadong, a must-see spot
D. A slow-paced life, a better choice
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. B
【解析】
這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。文章以重慶洪崖洞為例，介紹了因抖音短視頻應(yīng)用程序而流行的打卡文化。打卡熱潮源于城市職業(yè)人士休閑時(shí)間較少，他們想利用好有限的休閑時(shí)間。
【12題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“For a while Hongyadong became the biggest attraction in China after the Forbidden City. The main reason, it seemed, was Hongyadong's sudden popularity on a social-media app Douyin, which is used for sharing photographs and 15-second videos.”（一時(shí)間，洪崖洞成為中國(guó)繼紫禁城之后最受歡迎的景點(diǎn)。主要原因似乎是洪崖洞在社交媒體應(yīng)用抖音上的突然走紅——抖音，一個(gè)用來(lái)分享照片和15秒短視頻的應(yīng)用。）可知，洪崖洞成為第二大旅游景點(diǎn)的原因是很多游客用戶會(huì)在抖音上分享圖片和視頻。故選D項(xiàng)。
【13題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段劃線句“Instead of having fun, some people now go in great numbers to remote strawberry farms or Icelandic fjords(峽灣)to take photos to impress their friends on social media.”可知，現(xiàn)在，一些人旅游不再是為了享受樂(lè)趣，而是涌向遙遠(yuǎn)的草莓農(nóng)場(chǎng)或冰島峽灣拍照，為了在社交媒體上給朋友留下深刻印象。由此推知，社交媒體已經(jīng)改變了旅游的目的。故選C項(xiàng)。
【14題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“The daka craze may have practical origins. China's young urban professionals have little vacation time. In their first year at a company, employees can expect at most five-day paid-vacation. So workers need to make the most of their limited leisure time.”（打卡熱”可能有其實(shí)際的起源。在中國(guó)，那些年輕的城市專業(yè)人士幾乎沒(méi)有假期。進(jìn)入公司的第一年，員工最多可以有五天的帶薪年假。因此，員工需要充分利用有限的閑暇時(shí)間。）可知，打卡熱潮興起于人們有限的閑暇時(shí)間。故選B項(xiàng)。
【15題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章主要內(nèi)容可知，本篇講述了洪崖洞游客人數(shù)激增的主要原因是其在抖音上走紅。緊接著介紹了打卡文化的興起，打卡成為新的旅游方式，并在最后分析了打卡文化興起的原因。故文章內(nèi)容主要圍繞打卡旅游文化而展開(kāi)，再結(jié)合第一段“For some in China, the aim of travel is to create 15-second videos. It's not about where you've been. It's about where you're seen to have been.”（對(duì)中國(guó)的一些人來(lái)說(shuō)，旅行的目的就是拍攝一個(gè)15秒的視頻，這關(guān)乎的不是你去過(guò)哪里，而是你被看到去過(guò)了哪里。）可推知，作者想要人們思考旅游的目的是不是為了拍個(gè)短視頻打卡。故“打卡是旅游的目的嗎？”最適合作文章標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。
江蘇省南京市2020-2021學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期中高二英語(yǔ)試題
第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上
將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A
EReader IQ
Daily free e-books are the main feature on this site, and there are some fantastic titles to choose from,including a large number of children's books and young adult novels. The format is unique to Kindle though,so unless you have a conversion(轉(zhuǎn)換）program, you might be out of luck if you're using a different e-reader.
Ereader Love
The majority of books on this site are in the science fiction and romance styles,but there are some jewels to be found in the other sections as well.Young adult readers may find some unique stories to dive into, and there are a few hundred mystery and horror novels to read through too.
Project Gutenberg
This site deals only with older books such as classic novels and reference materials,and are free in the United States because their copyright has been out of date.Gutenberg has over 42,000 free e-books available, so any book lovers will have plenty of materials to refer to.
Scribd.com
A great site for self-published authors,Scribd gives people the opportunity to upload their own work,and download books by other authors. There's a small catch: not all the books are free.You can read free short pieces of some novels and then purchase with a little money, but there are many impressive titles available for no charge whatsoever.
21. What can we learn from the passage?
A. E-books on EReader IQ are free of charge.
B.Up-to-date novels can be found in Project Gutenberg.
C.Scribd.com is for famous writers to upload their work.
D.Mystery and horror novels are in the majority on Ereader Love.
22.On which website can you probably find The Time Machine by H.G. Wells?
A.EReader IQ
B.Ereader Love
C.Project Gutenberg
D.Scribd.com
23.What is the purpose of this passage?
A. To stress the importance of e-reading.
B.To compare the advantages of e-book websites.
C.To introduce searching techniques for e-reading.
D.To recommend some online resources of e-books.
B
Suck in capital city traffic with no clear way to avid the cars around is,an Oklahoma ambulance(教護(hù)車）was at the mercy of is surrounding rush-hour drivers as as I tried to make its way to a a series of emergency calls on Saturday-one involving a young girl with cancer, who had traveled all the way from London for her treatment.
That was until a certain 6-foot-9-inch do-gooder drove his car through the lanes and skillfully placed it so that the ambulance would be freed from the web of vehicles: Kevin Durant, a famous NBA player.
＂All of a sudden,I see a silver sports car making way for us to get through and guide all the
Traffic,"Radford, a,doctor on the ambulance, said. "Once we actually get through all the traffic, this silver car comes over to the side and the driver waves to us."
According to Radford, Durant' s kindness led the doctors to make it to their second emergency call on time,too,enabling that young girl with cancer to get to her treatment safe and sound, For his part,Durant shied away from being regarded as a hero for his actions, saying what he did was entirely ordinary.
＂I just thought it was SO cool that someone like Durant would take the time to assist an ambulance getting to an emergency call," Radford said."Everything he did was amazing; Durant is the hometown hero.'”
For his heroism, Durant will be honored by the Oklahoma Emergency Medical Services Authority (OEMSA) as an “Everyday Hero”， an award that's given out four times a year.
＂Durant' s actions are exactly how we think citizens should help doctors reach their calls for emergencies. He is a great example of doing one's part to help those in need, and he handled it with such modesty,” an OEMSA representative said.
24. Kevin was regarded as a hero mainly because
A. he answered emergency calls for doctors
B.he cured a young girl from London of cancer
C.he guided an ambulance through rush-hour traffic
D.he solved the problem of traffic jam in Oklahoma
25.What do we know about Oklahoma from the passage?
A. It is widely known for heavy traffic.
B. It has poor emergency medical services.
C.It has the best cancer experts in the world.
D.It gives"Everyday Hero" award to citizens.
26.Which words can best describe Durant?
A. Warm-hearted and modest.
B. Quick-minded and careful.
C.Athletic and intelligent.
D. Merciful and reliable.
27.Which might be the best title for the passage?
A.Better City,Faster Service
B.Big Boy,Small Kindness
C.Larger City,Heavier Traffic
D.Ordinary Girl,Good Luck
C
（Oct. 13th,2020,Reuters) The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has decided to award the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020 to Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer A. Doudna ”for the development of a method for gene editing”.
Charpentier and Doudna have discovered one of gene technology's sharpest tools: the CRISPR/Cas9 genetic scissors. Using these, researchers can easily change the DNA of animals and plants. This technology has had a great impact on the life sciences. It is contributing to new cancer treatment and may make the dream of curing inherited diseases(遺傳?。ヽome true.
Researchers need to modify genes in cells if they want to find out about life's inner workings. This used to be difficult and sometimes impossible. Using the CRISPR/Cas9 genetic scissors, it is now possible to change the code of life in a few weeks.
The discovery of these genetic scissors was unexpected. During Charpentier's studies of Streptococcus pyogenes(釀膿鏈球菌），which cause the most harm to humans,she discovered a previously unknown molecule (分子）， tracrRNA. It kills viruses by breaking their DNA.
She started working with Doudna,an experienced biochemist in 2011. They then reprogrammed the genetic scissors. In their natural form, the scissors recognize DNA from viruses, but Charpentier and Doudna prove that they could be controlled so that they can cut any DNA molecule at a given site. Then it is easy to rewrite the code of life.
Since Charpentier and Doudna discovered the CRISPR/Cas9 genetic scissors in 2012, their use has exploded. This tool has contributed to many important discoveries in basic research, and plant researchers have been able to develop crops that can fight pests and drought.Clinical trials(臨床試驗(yàn)）of new cancer treatments are under way, and the dream of being able to cure inherited diseases is about to come true. These genetic scissors have taken the life sciences into a new page and, in many ways,are bringing the greatest benefit to humans.
28.In which field is CRISPR/Cas9 mostly used?
A.Life science.
B.Tool design.
C.Disaster prevention.
D. Chemistry industry.
29.What does the underlined word "This” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Dealing with cancer.
B.Modifying genes in cells.
C.Curing inherited diseases.
D.Discovering life's inner workings.
30.How does CRISPR/Cas9 work?
A. It kills harmful viruses.
B.It damages human organs.
C. It makes DNA copying easier.
D.It cuts DNA molecule at a chosen spot.
31. The passage is a
A. science fiction
B.personal story
C.news report
D.book review
D
My grandma is the best pie maker in the world. So when she called me to say that one of her pies was missing, I knew that it was serious. I hurried to Grandma's house and suddenly realized that I hadn't visited her in a long time.
＂Start from the beginning,” I said. “I cut the pumpkin pie into six pieces,” she began. “A pumpkin pie! My favorite kind! This is even more serious than I thought.”
I took out a small notebook and a pencil. “Now, when did you last see this pie?” ?You mean the whole? I baked it this morning,” said Grandma. “Then the doorbell rang. It was the leaf collector.”
＂Just as I suspected,” I said, writing down “l(fā)eaf collector”。 “He stole the pie.” “Oh, no,” Grandma said. “He just wanted me to know that he was finished. I gave him a piece for his good job.” I put a line through "leaf collector"."Then what happened?"
“When I went outside with his piece, the mail carrier was there. She told me she could smell that pie all the way. “Aha!” I wrote down “mail carrier”。 “She stole the pie.”“No, I gave her a piece myself.” “Go on, please.” I said.
＂Then the phone rang, and it was my neighbor, Gloria Ketchum with the cats." I nodded and wrote "G.K.”?！癝he calls me every day to see if I need anything. So I invited her and her daughter over for some pie.”
“Grandma! No one stole the pie. You gave away all the pieces. One to the leaf collector. Another to the mail carrier. You and Gloria each had one. And her daughter's is five.”
＂Altogether six pieces!” Grandma said. “Maybe it was one of Gloria' s cats, or maybe a monster took it.” Grandma hid her face in her handkerchief; I couldn't tell if she was laughing or blowing her nose.
I had to search for more clues.
I opened the door of the refrigerator and asked “What's this?” Grandma looked surprised. “That's it!” She said, “I'll just warm it up. You must be hungry from the work, Jane!”
I did find the pie. And it was delicious, just as I suspected.
32. Who got a piece of pie for bringing Grandma's groceries?
A. The leaf collector.
B. The mail carrier.
C.The neighbor.
D. The author.
33. What is Grandma's real reason for calling the author?
A. She found a piece of her pumpkin pie missing.
B. Someone was needed to look into the strange case.
C.The author did well in making the right judgement.
D. She wanted to find a good excuse to meet the author.
34. Why didn't the author open the fridge at first?
A. Because she believed the pie was stolen.
B. Because she didn't know where the pie was.
C.Because she didn't want to ruin the game.
D.Because she thought Grandma made a mistake.
35. What does the passage mainly tell us?
A. He who laughs last laughs best.
B. You are the apple of my eye.
C. Honesty is the best policy.
D.Observation is the best teacher.
A篇主要講四個(gè)供你下載不同類型書(shū)籍的網(wǎng)站推薦，主要是根據(jù)四個(gè)小標(biāo)題以及每個(gè)小段的第一句話可以概括出來(lái)。
B篇講凱文杜蘭特在繁忙的交通運(yùn)輸中為救護(hù)車開(kāi)道，導(dǎo)致一個(gè)女孩能夠及時(shí)接受救治。杜蘭特特別低調(diào)，他被評(píng)為了每日英雄。
C篇是一篇關(guān)于基因編輯的科學(xué)報(bào)導(dǎo)，講述了Charpentier和Doudna關(guān)于基因編輯的發(fā)現(xiàn)，本文學(xué)術(shù)性較強(qiáng)，可能給學(xué)生閱讀造成障礙。
D篇講述了我的祖母因?yàn)檎也坏阶约鹤龅哪瞎吓纱螂娫捊o我，讓我?guī)兔ふ业墓适?，故事整體脈絡(luò)比較清晰，重點(diǎn)在于體會(huì)人物感情。
龔露老師詳細(xì)解析：
A篇

第21題 A 根據(jù)第一段的第一句話daily free e-books are the main feature on this site可知這個(gè)網(wǎng)站上的圖書(shū)是免費(fèi)的
第22題 B 因?yàn)閠ime machine是科幻，所以應(yīng)該是E reader love.

第23題 D 主要是根據(jù)四個(gè)小標(biāo)題以及每個(gè)小段的第一句話可以概括出來(lái)。此文主要講四個(gè)供你下載不同類型書(shū)籍的網(wǎng)站推薦。
B篇
第21題 C 根據(jù)第一段，可知救護(hù)車堵在繁忙的交通堵塞之中，根據(jù)二三兩段可知，杜蘭特為救護(hù)車開(kāi)道。
第22題 D 根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段，可知Oklahoma 會(huì)給自己的居民評(píng)“每日英雄”獎(jiǎng)。
第23題 A 杜蘭特路見(jiàn)不平拔刀相助，是warm-hearted, 幫助之后又非常低調(diào)，因?yàn)樽詈笠欢握f(shuō)he handled it with much modesty ，可知杜蘭特不張揚(yáng)，所以選A。
24題 B 主人公應(yīng)該是杜蘭特，身形高大，但是內(nèi)心溫暖，從小小的善舉中我們可以看到他善良的心。
C篇
第28題 A 本題考察了CRISPR/Cas9的作用，定位到第二段，可以看到這是一把基因剪刀‘genetic scissors’, 科學(xué)家可以通過(guò)它改變動(dòng)物和人的基因來(lái)治愈疾病，因此答案選擇A，生命科學(xué)。

第29題 B 本題考察‘this’ 的含義，定位到第三段第一句，前一句提到了‘modify genes in cells’,這里this就是指代這個(gè)技術(shù)，說(shuō)明這個(gè)技術(shù)在過(guò)去是很難實(shí)現(xiàn)的，因此本題答案為B。
第30題 D 這里考察CRISPR/Cas9 是如何作用于人體的，定位到第五段第三句，這兩個(gè)科學(xué)家已經(jīng)證明了基因剪刀是可以被控制用來(lái)‘cut any DNA molecule at a given site’這和選項(xiàng)D的表述一致，因此本題答案為D。
第31題 C 本題考察文體，可以看到這是一篇有關(guān)于科學(xué)的報(bào)導(dǎo)，第一段還有報(bào)導(dǎo)時(shí)間和記者名字，本題答案為C。
D篇

第32題 C 本題考察的是誰(shuí)因?yàn)榻o祖母帶來(lái)了雜物而得到了一片南瓜派，這里可以定位到文章中來(lái)過(guò)祖母家的人，可以得知鄰居每天給祖母打電話，看看她需要什么東西，答案為C 。
第33題 D 本題考察祖母給我打電話的正真原因。通讀全文以及我的反應(yīng)，比如第一段 suddenly realized that I hadn’t visited her in a long time和文中出現(xiàn)的幾次as I suspected 可以得知祖母找我的真正原因不是讓我來(lái)找南瓜派，而是想要見(jiàn)我，因此本題答案為D。
第34題 C 本題考察為什么我在一開(kāi)始的時(shí)候不打開(kāi)冰箱，從文章來(lái)看作者是一開(kāi)始就識(shí)破祖母的真正意圖，即作者很久沒(méi)有來(lái)看祖母了，祖母想念外孫女，但是因?yàn)樾哂诿孀?，不好意思說(shuō)，所以設(shè)計(jì)了餡餅丟了這一局，作者也很配合祖母出的局，所以她不打開(kāi)冰箱查看，不想破壞了祖母的好意，所以本題答案為C。
第35題 B 本題考察文章主旨 選項(xiàng)A 笑到最后的人笑的最好 ?B你是我的掌上明珠 ?C誠(chéng)實(shí)為上策 ?D觀察使最好的老師 通讀全文可以發(fā)現(xiàn)我的祖母把我視為掌上明珠，因此B選項(xiàng)最為符合，本題答案為B。
江蘇省南通市2020-2021學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期中備考試題Ⅰ
第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
How To Make Tasty Yam Pottage（山藥湯）？
Below are the methods and ingredients to be used for yam pottage.
·Ingredient
1 medium-size Yam
1 ? spoon, palm oil
2 ? cups, water
1 bulb, Onion
Blended mix of scotch bonnet pepper, tomatoes, ? onion
Groundfish
Smoked mackerel
Seasoning and salt to taste
Vegetable (Ugwu or scent leaf) (Optional)
·Method
1. Peel and cut the Yam into chunks size and rinse. Set aside.
2. In a heated pot, add your palm oil, heat for 1minute then add your chopped onions. Fry until slightly brown.
3. Add your blended mixture of scotch bonnet pepper, tomatoes, and onions.
4. While cooking, add your seasoning cube, crayfish, and salt. Stir together. Allow to cook for 10 to 15 minutes.
5. Add water.
6. Pour in the chunks yams, add your smoked mackerel and stir together. Cover to cook still the
7. yam is soft to your satisfaction.
8. Lastly, add your vegetable. Allow to simmer for 5 minutes
Your meal is ready!
·How To Make Sumptuous Lemon Yoghurt Cake
This recipe is so yummy and easy to make, you can’t go wrong with this recipe. I mean, even if you add too much sugar to the mixture, the lemon will douse it. It is also a very forgiving recipe because no matter how you measure your ingredients, it will always come out just right. It’s the perfect Christmas dessert recipe. This recipe makes two lemon yoghurt cakes.
·Ingredients
2 cups of all-purpose flour
1 tbsp of Vanilla extract
1/2 Cup of Sugar
1 cup of Cooking Oil the Zest of 1 medium to large-sized Lemon
3 to 4 Eggs
A Pinch of Salt
A cup of unsweetened yoghurt
1 tbsp of baking powder
·Method
1. Spray your baking pans (I’m using two pans, size: 9 by 5’s) and set aside
2. In a large bowl, scrape the lemon zest from the lemon and add the sugar. Then gently use your fingers to massage the zest with the Sugar.
3. Add the Oil, yoghurt Egg, and Vanilla to the Sugar and Zest then mix till all ingredients are well combined.
4. In a separate smaller bowl combine flour, baking powder, and a pinch of salt.
5. Mix the dry ingredients with the wet ingredients and pour the mixture into the prepared pans.
6.Bake at 350F（華氏350度）in the oven for about an hour
7. After an hour, stick a skewer into the cake to make sure it is ready, then bring it out of the oven and let it sit on a rack to cool down for about 15 minutes.
8. Slice and eat with either ice cream or alone if you like.
It’s a perfect dessert for the holiday. Enjoy!

1．Which of the following options is not needed for making Yam Pottage?
A．Salt B．Bulbs
C．Tomatoes D．Groundfish
2．How does the cake taste in the article?
A．Moderate sweet and sour B．Lemon sour
C．Sour and sweet taste of yogurt D．Everyone must like
3．After putting the cake in the oven, how long does it take to enjoy?
A．Three quarters of an hour B．80 minutes
C．Enjoy now D．15 minutes
【答案】1-3 BAB
【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了如何做山藥湯和檸檬酸奶蛋糕。
1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)How To Make Tasty Yam Pottage部分Ingredient中的“A Pinch of Salt”、“Blended mix of scotch bonnet pepper, tomatoes, ? onion”及“Groundfish”可知，制作山藥湯需要鹽、番茄和底棲魚(yú)，而沒(méi)有提到鱗莖，故B項(xiàng)正確。
2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)How To Make Sumptuous Lemon Yoghurt Cake部分Method中的“2.In a large bowl, scrape the lemon zest from the lemon and add the sugar. Then gently use your fingers to massage the zest with the Sugar.”可知，在一個(gè)大碗里，從檸檬上刮下檸檬皮，加入糖，然后用手指輕輕地把糖均勻涂抹在檸檬果肉上，由此可知，用文中提到的這種做法做出來(lái)的檸檬酸奶蛋糕酸甜適中，故A項(xiàng)正確。
3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)How To Make Sumptuous Lemon Yoghurt Cake部分Method中的“6.Bake at 350F（華氏350度）in the oven for about an hour”可知，蛋糕需要在350華氏度的烤箱中烤約一小時(shí)；再根據(jù)“7.After an hour, stick a skewer into the cake to make sure it is ready, then bring it out of the oven and let it sit on a rack to cool down for about 15 minutes.”可知，在烤箱里烤一小時(shí)后，需要拿出來(lái)冷卻15分鐘左右，由此可知，把蛋糕放進(jìn)烤箱后，要75（60+15）分鐘后才能吃，故B項(xiàng)正確。
B
Growing up in England with a British father and a Chinese mother, I’ve enjoyed food from both countries ever since I was able to hold a knife and fork and chopsticks!
Mum has sweet memories of the food from her home town in Sichuan, and often cooks spicy dishes. Thanks to this, Dad has come to love hot pot! But there are still some dishes that Dad dare not try even after many years of marriage to my mother. Even today he still does not take to eating things like chicken feet.
But I enjoy that sort of food myself. Last week, I went to the butcher’s and asked, “Do you have pigs’ ears?” “No,” the butcher said, pulling at his own ears, “just these ordinary ones.” He must have thought I was joking.
Dad can cook a super “full English breakfast” of bacon, eggs, beans, sausages and toast with butter. Mum and I just have to find a way to get him into the kitchen! He also does a typical Sunday roast. We all love roast beef and vegetables.
I’ll never forget my first visit to China. Mum encouraged me to try different kinds of food. But just when I thought I could deal with all Chinese food, I came across stinky tofu, a horrible grey thing that looked and smelt like a burnt sports shoe. I gathered all my courage to take a bite and was amazed to find it wasn’t so bad. It reminded me of blue cheese, a similarly strong smelling type of food you either love or hate. Maybe I’ll fall in love with stinky tofu, someday.
People say that one man’s meat is another man’s poison, but I feel at home with food from both my cultures.

4．What can we learn from this passage?
A．I have enjoyed the food from two cultures since a little child.
B．Because of my Mum, Dad loves all kinds of Chinese food.
C．We all like roast beef and vegetables except Mum.
D．I have fallen in love the stinky tofu now.
5．What is the character of the butcher?
A．Generous B．Mean C．Humorous D．Serious
6．What does the underlined part in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．refuse B．like C．a(chǎn)llow D．mind
7．What’s the main purpose of this passage?
A．To introduce two different cultures.
B．To advise the readers to try some different food.
C．To show the different eating habits between China and Britain.
D．To tell a story about a child of his eating experience.
【答案】4-7 ACBD
【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了作者作為一個(gè)中英混血兒，經(jīng)歷著兩種不同的文化，在飲食上也是妙趣橫生。
4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段Growing up in England with a British father and a Chinese mother, I’ve enjoyed food from both countries ever since I was able to hold a knife and fork and chopsticks!（我在英國(guó)長(zhǎng)大，父親是英國(guó)人，母親是中國(guó)人，自從我能拿刀叉和筷子以來(lái)，我就喜歡上了這兩個(gè)國(guó)家的食物?。┛芍?，作者從小就喜歡兩個(gè)國(guó)家的美食。故選A。
5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段pulling at his own ears, “just these ordinary ones.” He must have thought I was joking.（他拽了拽自己的耳朵，說(shuō)就這些肉食，他一定以為我在開(kāi)玩笑）可推知，屠戶或許以為作者是幽默的。故選C。
6．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第二段Thanks to this, Dad has come to love hot pot!可知，爸爸媽媽結(jié)婚后爸爸也是逐漸喜歡上了辣的食物，But there are still some dishes that Dad dare not try even after many years of marriage to my mother.（但是還有一些菜是爸爸和媽媽結(jié)婚多年后從來(lái)不敢嘗試的）結(jié)合后面的Even today he still可推知，take to意為“喜歡”。故選B。
7．推理判斷題。文章主要介紹了作者作為一個(gè)中英混血兒，經(jīng)歷著兩種不同的文化，在飲食上也是妙趣橫生。由此可知，文章的寫(xiě)作目的是為了講述一個(gè)關(guān)于他的孩子飲食經(jīng)歷的故事。故選D。

C
When Columbus ‘sailed the ocean blue in 1492’ he wasn't looking for America, he was searching for a route from Spain to China; America just got in the way.
The Spanish were after the riches of Asia: silk, dates, spices. Until later adventurers discovered how to sail to the Far East, trade with China depended on the Silk Road. The trade between China and Europe brought huge wealth, so the Spanish had a strong desire to find a new way to the East. Eventually a way appeared; as sea traffic developed from the 17th Century onwards, the overland route diminished.
Now China is seeking to revive(復(fù)興)the Silk Road and is preparing to invest 4 trillion pounds in new roads, rail links, oil pipelines and other basic facilities. It is hoped that goods can be shipped westwards by land far more quickly and economically than by sea.
But the plan is also to attract more tourists. Actually, China does pretty well for tourists already; it's the world's fourth most visited country. Two cities — Beijing and Shanghai—possess the tourism business, with significant interest in destinations such as Xi'an and Chengdu. While Beijing is modern, cities such as Lanzhou and Dunhuang have one foot planted firmly in old China.
Other places featured include Xi'an, the former capital of China, where you can come face to face with the Terracotta Army built to protect China's first emperor in the afterlife. From Lanzhou tour members take the train to Jiayuguan, China's western gateway and a key location on the Silk Road.
There is also a four-day coach journey along the original Silk Route through the Xinjiang region to Kashgar. Along the way, at Kurla, you can visit the ruins of the Iron Fortress.

8．What does the underlined word “diminished” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Discovered. B．Disappeared.
C．Disturbed. D．Displayed.
9．What is the purpose of reviving the Silk Road?
A．To rebuild the ruins of the Iron Fortress.
B．To construct new roads and other basic structures.
C．To make transportation westwards faster and cheaper.
D．To draw more inland tourists' attention to the western gateway.
10．What can we learn about the Silk Road?
A．It is nothing but a trade route.
B．It may destroy some cities' ancient style.
C．It attracts foreign investment of ￡4 trillion.
D．It promotes the tourism industry of China.
11．What is the best title for the text?
A．The charming of the Silk Road
B．The function of the Silk Road
C．The origin of the Silk Road
D．The future of the Silk Road
【答案】8-11 BCDA
【解析】隨著“一帶一路”的進(jìn)行，曾經(jīng)輝煌的絲綢之路逐漸再次綻放光彩。對(duì)于很多人而言，沿線已經(jīng)成為了解中國(guó)和旅行的目的地。人們能夠踏上絲綢之路尋覓現(xiàn)代奇跡和已被遺忘的輝煌。
8．詞義猜測(cè)題。由第三段第一句“Now China is seeking to revive(復(fù)興) the Silk Road”（現(xiàn)在中國(guó)正在尋求復(fù)興絲綢之路），因此推斷畫(huà)線句句意是：最終一條路出現(xiàn)了；由于17世紀(jì)之后海上交通的發(fā)展，陸路消失了。所以畫(huà)線詞詞義是“消失”，與disappear意義相近。故B選項(xiàng)正確。
9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“It is hoped that goods can be shipped westwards by land far more quickly and economically than by sea.”可知，中國(guó)復(fù)興絲綢之路是希望能夠通過(guò)陸地比海洋更快更經(jīng)濟(jì)地將商品輸送至遠(yuǎn)方。故C選項(xiàng)正確。
10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“But the plan is also to attract more tourists.”可知，復(fù)興絲綢之路吸引了更多的游客，促進(jìn)了中國(guó)的旅游業(yè)。故D選項(xiàng)正確。
11．主旨大意題。文章主要講述中國(guó)正在尋求復(fù)興絲綢之路，希望能夠通過(guò)陸地比海洋更快更經(jīng)濟(jì)地將商品輸送至遠(yuǎn)方。這也極大地促進(jìn)了中國(guó)的旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展，人們可以踏上絲綢之路尋覓現(xiàn)代奇跡和已被遺忘的輝煌。因此推斷選項(xiàng)A“迷人的絲綢之路”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。

D
What if we had the power to control time, instead of moving from the past to the present to the future? What if we could jump, loop and travel through time in a machine? What if we could go wherever and whenever we pleased?
This ability would allow us to witness historic wonders, change decisions and see people from the past. We could right wrongs and stop wars from starting.
The mysterious puzzle of time has kept people debating its nature for hundreds of years. Science fiction writers have turned it into imaginative stories. Some scientists have even attempted to explain it using math. This math tries to make the dream of time travel come true.
The scientist Albert Einstein said that time and space are one thing. He called it “spacetime.” Einstein said that there are three dimensions in space: height, width and depth. A scientist named Hermann Minkowski added time as a fourth dimension.
Einstein introduced two ideas that have led to theories about the possibility of time travel. The first is relativity. The idea of relativity is that the force of gravity causes space to bend, which causes time to twist. The second idea focuses on special relativity. The idea is that a traveler moving super-fast through flat spacetime will enter the future. Einstein considered time “relative” because it is measured based on where we are on Earth or in space.
Stephen Hawking is a famous scientist. He believes that a time machine will never be built. If it were possible, he thinks we would already know. If a time machine could be built, how come no one from the future has invaded us?
The first science fiction story with this theme is The Clock That Went Backward by Edward P. Mitchell, which was published in 1881. Since then, thousands of books, films and television shows have explored the idea of time travel, in which some tools such as phones, watches, photographs and old books take travelers backward and forward.
Will time travel ever happen? Who knows? Most important is to keep your eyes open and have a sense of wonder.
12．What is the author’s purpose of writing the first paragraph?
A．To show time and space are connected. B．To show people’s interest in time travel.
C．To draw readers’ attention to time travel. D．To make people believe time travel is possible.
13．Which of the following statement could Einstein agree with?
A．Time travel is possible in the future. B．People can’t move faster than light.
C．Time travel is against scientific rules. D．Spacetime is not a real thing in theory.
14．What is the last but one paragraph mainly about?
A．The first science fiction story. B．Some tools used in time travel.
C．Edward P. Mitchell, the pioneer. D．Different works about time travel.
15．What is the writer’s attitude toward time travel?
A．Cautious. B．Approving. C．Doubtful. D．Hopeful.
【答案】12-15 CADD
【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講了時(shí)光旅行是否能夠成為可能，分別引用了科學(xué)家阿爾伯特·愛(ài)因斯坦和斯蒂芬·霍金對(duì)于時(shí)空旅行的看法，并介紹了關(guān)于時(shí)間旅行的不同作品。
12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“What if we had the power to control time, instead of moving from the past to the present to the future? What if we could jump, loop and travel through time in a machine? What if we could go wherever and whenever we pleased?”可知，如果我們有能力控制時(shí)間，而不是從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在到未來(lái)，會(huì)怎么樣？如果我們能在機(jī)器里跳躍、循環(huán)和穿越時(shí)間會(huì)怎樣？如果我們可以去任何我們想去的地方和時(shí)間呢？由此可知，作者寫(xiě)第一段的目的是吸引讀者對(duì)時(shí)光旅行的注意。故選C。
13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“Einstein introduced two ideas that have led to theories about the possibility of time travel.”可知愛(ài)因斯坦提出了兩種觀點(diǎn)，這兩種觀點(diǎn)導(dǎo)致了關(guān)于時(shí)間旅行可能性的理論。由此可推知，愛(ài)因斯坦的觀點(diǎn)導(dǎo)致了關(guān)于時(shí)光旅行可能性的理論，說(shuō)明愛(ài)因斯坦會(huì)同意A選項(xiàng)“時(shí)光旅行在未來(lái)是可能的”的說(shuō)法。故選A。
14．主旨大意題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“The first science fiction story with this theme is The Clock That Went Backward by Edward P. Mitchell, which was published in 1881. Since then, thousands of books, films and television shows have explored the idea of time travel, in which some tools such as phones, watches, photographs and old books take travelers backward and forward.”可知，第一個(gè)以這個(gè)話題為主題的科幻故事是Edward P. Mitchell的《倒轉(zhuǎn)的鐘》，出版于1881年。從那時(shí)起，成千上萬(wàn)的書(shū)籍、電影和電視節(jié)目都在探索時(shí)空旅行的概念，其中一些工具，如手機(jī)、手表、照片和舊書(shū)，帶著旅行者來(lái)回穿梭，由此可知，倒數(shù)第二段主要內(nèi)容是關(guān)于時(shí)光旅行的不同作品。故選D。
15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Will time travel ever happen? Who knows? Most important is to keep your eyes open and have a sense of wonder.”可知，時(shí)光旅行真的會(huì)發(fā)生嗎？誰(shuí)知道呢？最重要的是睜大你的眼睛，保持一種好奇的感覺(jué)。由此可知，作者對(duì)于時(shí)空旅行的態(tài)度是充滿希望的。故選D。

江蘇省南通市2020-2021學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期中備考試題Ⅱ
第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
Fast-food chains including Burger King and Starbucks have brought in plant-based meat products in China in an effort to promote healthy eating and protect the environment. Readers share their opinions.
Linda (China)
I just don’t get it. If you want something that tastes like meat, you’d better eat meat. Plant-based meat is highly processed. It is not as healthy as vegetables. It contains unhealthy amounts of fat, salt and artificial additives. Regular exercise, along with a well-balanced diet, is the best way to stay healthy.
Terryfoy (UK)
Our human body was not designed for us only to eat vegetables. We are designed to eat meat. The protein that our body must have to survive comes from the meat we eat. Our bodies function properly with the correct balance of meat and vegetables. Too much meat and we get fat, too little meat and we get skinny and weak. If you want to be healthy, you must eat a balanced diet of both meat and vegetables.
Taikor (Malaysia)
Start with a huge cutdown on meat. Regarding pigs, do you know they could outsmart you on Playstation games? Don’t be surprised. They’re much smarter than dogs. So they do better at video games than some primates (靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物). Pigs are extremely clever animals. They're gentle, defenseless creatures. Start doing it now. It’s time we made a change.
Sockmonkey (Singapore)
I could never be a vegetarian. I eat very little meat, but I love the meat I do eat! If one has to cut down on meat, it seems that red meat is the first thing to be minimized since it’s not as good for you as other types.
1．What does Linda think of plant-based meat?
A．Unhealthy. B．Necessary. C．Delicious. D．Well-balanced.
2．Who suggests that humans have less red meat?
A．Linda and Taikor. B．Linda and Terryfoy.
C．Taikor and Sockmonkey. D．Terryfoy and Sockmonkey.
3．What’s the main purpose of the passage?
A．To introduce the harm of eating too much meat.
B．To show us different opinions about eating meat.
C．To inform us of the advantages of a balanced diet.
D．To state the necessity of protecting the environment.
【答案】1-3 ACB
【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要就連鎖快餐店引進(jìn)植物性肉制品問(wèn)題，展示了來(lái)自不同國(guó)家的四個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)。
1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Linda說(shuō)的話“It is not as healthy as vegetables.”可知，Linda認(rèn)為植物性肉制品不如蔬菜健康。故選A項(xiàng)。
2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Start with a huge cutdown on meat.(從大量減少肉類開(kāi)始)”及接下來(lái)提到豬是很聰明的動(dòng)物可知，Taikor建議人們少吃豬肉，即紅肉；根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“If one has to cut down on meat, it seems that red meat is the first thing to be minimized since it’s not as good for you as other types.(如果你必須減少吃肉，紅肉似乎是第一個(gè)要減到最少的，因?yàn)樗幌衿渌N類的肉那樣對(duì)你有好處)”可知，Sockmonkey也建議人們少吃紅肉。故選C項(xiàng)。
3.推理判斷題。通讀全文，并結(jié)合第一段最后一句“Fast-food chains including Burger King and Starbucks have brought in plant-based meat products in China in an effort to promote healthy eating and protect the environment. Readers share their opinions.(包括漢堡王和星巴克在內(nèi)的快餐連鎖店在中國(guó)引進(jìn)了植物性肉制品，以促進(jìn)健康飲食和保護(hù)環(huán)境)”可知，本文主要就連鎖快餐店引進(jìn)植物性肉制品問(wèn)題，展示了來(lái)自不同國(guó)家的四個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)，所以本文目的是向我們展示關(guān)于吃肉的不同觀點(diǎn)。故選B項(xiàng)。

B
Moving to a foreign country is an amazing, life-changing experience. It’s an opportunity to meet new people, make yourself completely involved in a different culture and possibly learn another language. However, before embarking on such an adventure, there are some practical decisions that need to be made. One such decision is choosing where to live.
For me, choosing to live with a French family was the best choice I made, and here is why.
Firstly, a family can show you around the city or town and help you settle in, stopping you from feeling lonely. When you’re in a new environment with people you don’t know who are speaking a language you’re still not fluent in, you might feel lost, tired and homesick — I know I did. However, my host family were wonderful and welcoming; they showed me which buses to take to get to work and cooked dinner for me so we could eat together, and took me with them on trips to the beach, the theatre and even a bullfight. These were great opportunities to experience French culture and build relationships, which in turn helped me feel more comfortable and welcome.
Moreover, living with French people has been brilliant for helping me improve my language skills. Being constantly exposed to authentic French conversation has allowed me to learn new phrases, widen my vocabulary and even improve my accent. My host family are happy to answer my questions and correct me when I say things wrong, which makes me a better and more confident French speaker.
Finally, the experience of living abroad is one that you will remember forever, and perhaps the friendships — like the memories — will also last. Your host family might become your friends for life. You might return for their birthdays, weddings, holidays, and much more. I hope to remain in contact with my host family long after I leave France because when I was away from my friends and loved ones, they welcomed me and made me part of their family.
4．What does the underlined phrase “embarking on” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A．Remarking on. B．Setting about.
C．Depending on. D．Putting about.
5．Where did the writer choose to live when moving to a foreign country?
A．In a dormitory. B．In his own apartment.
C．In a host family. D．In his friend’s house.
6．What is the advantage of living with French people?
A．Improving his French skills.
B．Feeling homesick and lonely.
C．Making friends from different countries.
D．Introducing English culture to the French.
7．How does the writer develop the passage?
A．By making comparisons. B．By following the order of time.
C．By following the order of importance. D．By listing detailed reasons.
【答案】4-7 BCAD
【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。作者結(jié)合自己寄宿家庭的經(jīng)歷介紹了在國(guó)外生活住在寄宿家庭的好處。
4.詞句猜測(cè)題。由上文可知，在國(guó)外生活是一種令人驚奇的、改變生活的經(jīng)歷，是一個(gè)認(rèn)識(shí)新朋友的機(jī)會(huì)，完全融入到不同的文化中，并且可以學(xué)習(xí)另一種語(yǔ)言。由轉(zhuǎn)折詞“However”以及下文“such an adventure”可推斷此處表示：在出發(fā)進(jìn)行這樣的冒險(xiǎn)之前，需要做一些實(shí)用的決定。由此可知該短語(yǔ)的意思是：出發(fā)，與B項(xiàng)意義相近。故選B。
5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段的“For me, choosing to live with a French family was the best choice I made, and here is why.（對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，選擇和法國(guó)家庭生活是我做出的最好選擇，下面就是原因）”可知，作者在國(guó)外生活時(shí)選擇住在寄宿家庭里。故選C。
6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段的“Moreover, living with French people has been brilliant for helping me improve my language skills. （此外，與法國(guó)人住在一起，幫助我提高了我的語(yǔ)言技能，是很棒的。）”可知，與法國(guó)人住在一切有助于提高自己的法語(yǔ)技能。故選A。
7.推理判斷題。由第二段的“For me, choosing to live with a French family was the best choice I made, and here is why.”和下文“Firstly...”;“Moreover...”;“Finally...”可推斷，作者通過(guò)列舉詳細(xì)的理由展開(kāi)講述的。故選D。

C
It is reported that a record-breaking high-speed rail will connect Inner Mongolia in the north to Hainan in the south. According to the Shaanxi Development and Reform Commission，the proposed line will operate at a speed of 350 kilometers per hour（217 mph）.
Beginning in Inner Mongolia's Baotou city and running through southern Shaanxi， Hubei， Hunan， Guangxi and Guangdong， its final stop would be in Haikou city on Hainan Island，China's southernmost province．
Though the exact length of the proposed route has not been released，it will likely become the world's longest high-speed rail line as the journey by road between Baotou and Haikou is approximately 3,000 kilometers(1,864 miles)long. Currently, the world's longest high-speed rail line is almost 2,300 kilometers long （1,429 miles）,running from Beijing to Guangzhou.
The proposed rail is part of China's aim to create another “Silk Road of the 21st Century” and improve the country's transportation network while driving land development and urbanization（城市化） in some provincial areas.
Many of the provinces through which the high-speed trains will travel are near major bodies of water，such as the Yellow River in Inner Mongolia and Shaanxi province, the Yangtzi River in Hubei and the South China Sea， where the line would end． It will also take passengers to popular tourist attractions including Zhangjiajie, Xi'an, Guilin and minority areas in western Hunan and Hubei．
"The country is now shifting its focus and investing in the western regions and economically underdeveloped areas, making up for China's long debt to these areas,“ Tan yuzhi, professor of the School of Economics and Management at Hubei University for Nationalities， told local media． " The project will significantly narrow regional disparities（差異） and solve minority issues.”
However，Deng Hongbing，director of China University of Geosciences' Center for Regional Economic and Investment Center，said that if the north-to-south railway is to go ahead，there needs to be a sound ecological program in place to ensure the protection of these underdeveloped and ecologically sensitive areas．
8．What is the passage mainly talking about?
A．China has decided to invest in the western areas.
B．Another high-speed train line is being planned.
C．The train will speed up to 350 kilometers per hour.
D．China has produced the best high-speed train line.
9．How many provinces will the proposed line cross?
A．9 B．8
C．7 D．6
10．Once the high-speed rain line is built，______.
A．It will be the most convenient high-speed rail line in China
B．It will benefit the underdeveloped areas a lot in the west
C．It will transport goods faster from north to south
D．It will do good to the environment alongside the line
11．What is Tan Yuzhi's attitude towards the proposed project?
A．Ironical. B．Doubtful.
C．Puzzled. D．Supportive.
【答案】8-11 BCBD
【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。中國(guó)準(zhǔn)備建造一條從內(nèi)蒙古到海南的高鐵，這條線路將會(huì)貫穿7個(gè)省，可以促進(jìn)沿線地區(qū)的發(fā)展，但同時(shí)也面臨著一些問(wèn)題。
8．主旨大意題。本文是說(shuō)明文，其主旨大意一般在首段，或尾段。根據(jù)文章第一段的It is reported that a record-breaking high-speed rail will connect Inner Mongolia in the north to Hainan in the south. According to the Shaanxi Development and Reform Commission，the proposed line will operate at a speed of 350 kilometers per hour（217 mph）．可知，本文主要介紹據(jù)報(bào)道一條連通內(nèi)蒙古和海南的高鐵要修建，其總長(zhǎng)為350千米，時(shí)速為217mph。B. Another high-speed train line is being planned．（一條高鐵線路正在計(jì)劃中）符合以上說(shuō)法，故選B項(xiàng)。
9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的Beginning in Inner Mongolia's Baotou city and running through southern Shaanxi， Hubei， Hunan， Guangxi and Guangdong， its final stop would be in Haikou city on Hainan Island，可知該高鐵線路始于內(nèi)蒙古包頭市，途徑陜西、湖北、湖南、廣西和廣東，最后到達(dá)?？?，所以該線路總過(guò)會(huì)經(jīng)過(guò)7個(gè)省。故選C項(xiàng)。
10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段的The country is now shifting its focus and investing in the western regions and economically underdeveloped areas，making up for China's long debt to these areas可知國(guó)家把投資重心放在西部和經(jīng)濟(jì)欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)，以此彌補(bǔ)國(guó)家對(duì)這些地區(qū)的長(zhǎng)期債務(wù)，即這條高鐵線路將對(duì)西部經(jīng)濟(jì)欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)有益。B. It will benefit the underdeveloped areas a lot in the west（它將有益于西部欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)）符合以上說(shuō)法，故選B項(xiàng)。
11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段的The country is now shifting its focus and investing in the western regions and economically underdeveloped areas，making up for China's long debt to these areas和The project will significantly narrow regional disparities（差異） and solve minority issues．"可知他認(rèn)為這條高鐵將惠及西部欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)，而且可以大幅降低地區(qū)差異和解決民族問(wèn)題，故推測(cè)他支持這條高鐵的建設(shè)。D. Supportive（支持的）符合以上說(shuō)法，故選D項(xiàng)。
D
The world’s biggest COVID9-9 vaccine (疫苗) study started on Monday. A total of 30,00 volunteers will help test the effectiveness and safety of a shot developed by the National Institutes of Health and drug maker Moderna.
The volunteers will each receive two doses (劑量) of a shot. They will not know whether they are getting the real vaccine or false version (版本) Scientists will then closely follow the volunteers as they go about their daily activities. They want to see which group experiences a higher rate of infections (感染), especially in areas where the virus still is spreading unchecked.
Volunteers from more than 80 test areas across the country will take part in the study. Moderna said the first vaccines were given Monday morning in Savannah, Georgia. The U.S. government requires its tests of any vaccine that might be used in the country. The aim is not just to test if a vaccine works, but also to check if it is safe.
Through the government-funded COVID-19 Prevention Network, the U.S. plans a new study for vaccine candidates (候選人) each month through autumn. Each will involve30, 000 newly chosen volunteers. The hope is that, by using the same rules for each study, scientists will be easily able to compare the vaccines. In August, the U.S. will carry out its final stages of Oxford University’s vaccine candidate. The study of Johnson & Johnson’s vaccine will start in September. Drug maker Pfizer also plans to carry out its own 30,000-person study this summer.
That is a lot of volunteers needed to test possible vaccines. But in recent weeks, more than 150,000 Americans have registered to volunteer for the studies, says Dr. Larry Corey. He is with the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Institute in Seattle, Washington. It normally takes years to create a new vaccine from start to finish. But this time, scientists are setting speed records.
12．What can be learned according to the second paragraph?
A．The volunteers will be divided into two groups.
B．A false version will influence the volunteers poorly.
C．Every volunteer gets two doses of shot at different times.
D．Scientists will keep the volunteers in a special place.
13．What do you know about the vaccine test?
A．This test involves volunteers from different countries.
B．Some volunteers have been injected with the vaccine.
C．The aim of the test is to see how the vaccine works.
D．The U.S. government intends to do tests nationwide.
14．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．The tests need many more than 150,000 volunteers
B．The vaccines made in a hurry have not potential safety issues.
C．It is hoped that vaccine is the best hope against the virus.
D．It is better to put off using the vaccines on humans.
15．Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A．COVID-19 Vaccine Starts Test with Volunteers
B．Moderna Are to Develop COVID-19 Vaccine
C．150,000 Registered to Get COVID-19 Vaccine
D．COVID-19 Vaccine Gets Support from U.S. Government
【答案】12-15 ABCA
【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了30000名志愿者將幫助測(cè)試Moderna開(kāi)發(fā)COVID-19疫苗的有效性和安全性。
12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“They will not know whether they are getting the real vaccine or false version (版本) Scientists will then closely follow the volunteers as they go about their daily activities.(他們不會(huì)知道他們得到的是真的還是假的疫苗，然后科學(xué)家們將密切關(guān)注志愿者們的日?；顒?dòng))”可知，把志愿者分成兩組進(jìn)行測(cè)試。故選A項(xiàng)。
13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Moderna said the first vaccines were given Monday morning in Savannah, Georgia.(Moderna說(shuō)，第一批疫苗于周一早上在喬治亞州的薩凡納注射)可知，有些志愿者已經(jīng)接種了疫苗。故選B項(xiàng)。
14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“It normally takes years to create a new vaccine from start to finish. But this time, scientists are setting speed records.(一種新疫苗的研制從開(kāi)始到完成通常需要數(shù)年時(shí)間。但這一次，科學(xué)家們正在速度創(chuàng)記錄)”可知，科學(xué)家想要盡快研制出疫苗，因此推斷疫苗是對(duì)抗病毒的最大希望。故選C項(xiàng)。
15．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段可知，Moderna生產(chǎn)的疫苗已經(jīng)開(kāi)始測(cè)試接種，倒數(shù)第二段也提到了另外兩個(gè)藥廠的疫苗也打算開(kāi)始試驗(yàn)，可以推斷，文章講述了COVID-19疫苗開(kāi)始在志愿者中進(jìn)行測(cè)試。故選A項(xiàng)。

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