NITS方案模板精講+精練年級:高二年級科目:英語類型:同步選修六Unit 4知識點(diǎn):詞 匯 精 解opposevt.反對;反抗;與(某人)較量[經(jīng)典例句]She remained bitterly opposed to the idea of moving abroad.(牛津詞典)她仍然強(qiáng)烈反對移居國外。(1)oppose(one's)doing sth.反對(某人)做某事(2)opposedadj.反對的;對立的be opposed to (one's) doing sth.反對(某人)做某事(3)opposite n.相反的人或事物adj.相反的;對立的①Many old men oppose ______________ (cut) down the 100-year-old tree for rebuilding a shopping center.許多老人反對為重建一個(gè)購物中心而砍掉這棵百年老樹。②Most company bosses say they are opposed to employees ____________(work) overtime.大多數(shù)公司老板說,他們反對雇員加班。③Good habits always lead to high efficiency,while bad ones bring the opposite(oppose).(四川高考·書面表達(dá))良好的習(xí)慣總是產(chǎn)生較高的效率,而壞的習(xí)慣則相反。[名師點(diǎn)津](1)oppose后跟表示動(dòng)作的詞作賓語時(shí),后面要用動(dòng)名詞形式。be opposed to結(jié)構(gòu)中,to是介詞,其后也要用動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。(2)表示反對的其他表達(dá):disagree with,object to,be against等。rangen.種類;范圍;幅度;界限v.(在一定范圍內(nèi))變動(dòng);變化;排列[經(jīng)典例句]It's difficult to find a house in our price range.(牛津詞典)在我們的價(jià)格范圍以內(nèi),很難找到房子。(1)a wide range of一系列……in/within range在射程以內(nèi);在范圍內(nèi)beyond/out of range在射程外;在范圍外beyond/out of one's range某人能力達(dá)不到的(2)range from...to...在……范圍內(nèi)變動(dòng);包括由……到……之間的各類事物range between...and...在……和……范圍內(nèi)變動(dòng)①In recent years,stress has been regarded as a cause of a whole range of medical problems,from high blood pressure to mental illness.(2016年上海高考·Grammar and vocabulary)最近幾年,壓力已經(jīng)被認(rèn)作是整個(gè)系列醫(yī)療問題的起因,從高血壓到精神病。②The price of the house is so high that it is well ____________ our range.這棟房子的價(jià)格太高了,遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了我們能承受的范圍。③He has a number of interests, ____________ (range) from playing chess to swimming.他的愛好很多,從下棋到游泳。averageadj.平均的;普通的;平常的n.平均數(shù);一般水準(zhǔn)v.平均為;計(jì)算出……的平均數(shù)[高考佳句]Rideout's team thinks that the California condors' average survival time in the wild is now just under eight years.(2016年北京高考·閱讀理解)Rideout團(tuán)隊(duì)認(rèn)為野生的加利福尼亞神鷹的平均壽命不到8年。(1)an average of平均有(后跟數(shù)詞)(2)on(the)average平均起來above/below(the)average在平均水平以上/以下(3)average out算出平均數(shù)①Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000,____________ 40,000 per year.去年畢業(yè)時(shí)就有駕照的學(xué)生數(shù)量已達(dá)到二十萬,平均每年四萬。②Last year was the warmest year on record,with global temperature 0.68 ℃____________ the average.(2015年重慶高考·單項(xiàng)填空)去年是有史以來最暖和的一年,全球溫度比平均值高出0.68攝氏度。③____________ average,there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year,causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.美國平均每年有800場龍卷風(fēng),導(dǎo)致約80人死亡,1 500人受傷。advocatevt.擁護(hù);提倡;主張n.提倡者;擁護(hù)者[教材原句]However,I still think people should advocate improvements in the way we use energy today.然而,我依然認(rèn)為人們應(yīng)該提倡改進(jìn)我們今天這種使用能源的方式。advocate sth./doing sth.主張(做)某事advocate that...(should)do sth.主張;提倡……做某事an advocate of……的提倡者①Many experts advocate____________ (reward)your child for good behaviour.很多專家主張對小孩的良好表現(xiàn)加以獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。②Others advocated that we ____________ (encourage)more and more people to wear traditional clothes.另外一些人主張我們應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)越來越多的人穿傳統(tǒng)服裝。quantityn.量;數(shù)量;數(shù)目[教材原句]The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.當(dāng)我們向空氣中排放大量的多余的二氧化碳的時(shí)候,問題就開始了。(1)a(large)quantity of大量的quantities of+許多的;大量的in quantity大量的(2)quality n.質(zhì)量①As far as I'm concerned,it is quality rather than quantity that really counts.就我個(gè)人而言,重要的是質(zhì)量而不是數(shù)量。②As a result of destroying the forests,a large quantity of desert ____________ (cover)the land.由于破壞了森林,大量的沙漠覆蓋了陸地。[名師點(diǎn)津]“a quantity of+名詞”作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù);而“quantities of+名詞”作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。6. come about發(fā)生;造成[教材原句]So how has this comeabout and does it matter?那么,這種情況是如何發(fā)生的?會(huì)產(chǎn)生什么影響呢?How does it come about that...?……是怎樣發(fā)生的?come across偶遇;被理解when it comes to...當(dāng)談到……come up with想出(主意);找到(答案)①I would never understand ____________ you were an hour late on such a short journey.我真不明白這么短的路程你怎么會(huì)遲到一個(gè)小時(shí)。②________________________diet and exercise,we know what to do,but we don't do what we know.當(dāng)談及飲食和鍛煉時(shí)我們知道怎么做,但是我們不那樣做。③It was surprising that he should ________________________ a good solution to solve the problem.令人吃驚的是他竟然想出了解決這個(gè)問題的一個(gè)好辦法。7. put up with容忍;忍受[教材原句]We do not have to put up with pollution.我們不必去忍受污染。(1)put up with/bear/stand/tolerate容忍;忍受(2)put aside節(jié)省;儲蓄;儲存put away收起來put down放下;寫下put out熄滅;撲滅put through接通電話put up建造;張貼;舉起;留宿①I don't know how you put up with/stand/ bear their constant quarrelling.我不知你是如何忍受他們無休止的爭吵的。②We are trying to put ____________ some money every month for our vacation.我們盡量每月存些錢供度假用。③He decided that he would drive back to town instead of put ____________ for the night at the hotel.他決定開車回鎮(zhèn)上,不在旅館過夜。8. result in導(dǎo)致[教材原句]They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.他們還贊同下述觀點(diǎn):正是由于越來越多的燃燒化石燃料導(dǎo)致了二氧化碳的增加。result from由……造成;因……而產(chǎn)生as a result結(jié)果as a result of由于……的結(jié)果without result沒有結(jié)果;白費(fèi)①Many hair problems result ____________ what you eat.許多頭發(fā)問題都是由飲食引起的。②She had called three times to her son,but ____________ result.她給兒子打了三次電話,可是毫無結(jié)果。 參考答案:①cutting②working③opposite②beyond③ranging①an average of②above③On①rewarding②(should) encourage②has covered①how it came about that②When it comes to③come up with②aside③up①from②without