Unit 1　Friendship




一、單詞表詞匯全查驗(yàn)——運(yùn)用多媒體，提問(wèn)默寫(xiě)詞匯

Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯(英譯漢)
[第一屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]
1．survey n．　　　　　　　　 調(diào)查；測(cè)驗(yàn)
2．loose adj. 松的；松開(kāi)的
3．vet n. 獸醫(yī)
4．Jewish adj. 猶太人的；猶太族的
5．German adj. 德國(guó)的；德國(guó)人的；德語(yǔ)的
n. 德國(guó)人；德語(yǔ)
6．spellbind vt. 迷?。幻曰?br /> 7．thunder vi. 打雷；雷鳴
n. 雷；雷聲　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　
[第二屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]
8．curtain n．　　　　　　　 窗簾；門(mén)簾；幕布
9．loneliness n. 孤單；寂寞
10．highway n. 公路；大路
11．suitcase n. 手提箱；衣箱
12．overcoat n. 大衣；外套
13．gossip vi.&n. 閑話(huà)；閑談
14．secondly adv. 第二；其次
15．swap vt. 交換
16．item n. 項(xiàng)目；條款

Ⅱ.高頻詞匯(漢譯英)
[第三屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]
1．upset adj.　　　　　　　 心煩意亂的；不安的；不適的
vt. 使不安；使心煩；打翻
2．ignore vt. 不理睬；忽視
3．calm vt.&vi. (使)平靜；(使)鎮(zhèn)定
adj. 平靜的；鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的
4．concern vt. (使)擔(dān)憂(yōu)；涉及；關(guān)系到
n. 擔(dān)心；關(guān)注；(利害)關(guān)系　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　
[第四屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]
5．series n．　　　　 　 　　 連續(xù)；系列
6．outdoors adv. 在戶(hù)外；在野外
7．dusk n. 黃昏；傍晚
8．entire adj. 整個(gè)的；完全的；全部的
9．entirely adv. 完全地；全然地；整個(gè)地
10．power n. 能力；力量；權(quán)力　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　
[第五屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]
11．partner n．　　 　　　　 伙伴；合作者；合伙人
12．dusty adj. 積滿(mǎn)灰塵的
13．settle vi. 安家；定居；停留
vt. 使定居；安排；解決
14．suffer vt.&vi. 遭受；忍受；經(jīng)歷
15．recover vi.&vt. 痊愈；恢復(fù)；重新獲得
16．pack vi.&vt. 捆扎；包裝；打行李
n. 小包；包裹　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　
[第六屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]
17．teenager n．　　 　 　 　 十幾歲的青少年
18．exactly adv. 確實(shí)如此；正是；確切地
19．disagree vi. 不同意
20．grateful adj. 感激的；表示謝意的
21．dislike n．&vt. 不喜歡；厭惡
22．tip n. 提示；技巧；尖；尖端；小費(fèi)
vt. 傾斜；翻倒
23．a(chǎn)dd_up 合計(jì)　　
[第七屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]
24．calm_(...)_down　 　 　 (使)平靜下來(lái)；(使)鎮(zhèn)定下來(lái)
25．have_got_to 不得不；必須
26．be_concerned_about 關(guān)心；掛念
27．walk_the_dog 遛狗
28．go_through 經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)受
29．set_down 記下；放下；登記
30．a(chǎn)_series_of 一連串的；一系列；一套
31．on_purpose 故意
32．in_order_to 為了……
[第八屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]
33．a(chǎn)t_dusk　　　　　　　　 在黃昏時(shí)刻
34．face_to_face 面對(duì)面地
35．no_longer/not_...any_longer 不再……
36．suffer_from 遭受；患病
37．get/be_tired_of 對(duì)……厭煩
38．pack_(sth.)_up 將(東西)裝箱打包
39．get_along_with 與……相處；進(jìn)展
40．fall_in_love 相愛(ài)；愛(ài)上
41．join_in 參加；加入　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　
二、單元核心考點(diǎn)初熱身——提供語(yǔ)境，單元考點(diǎn)自測(cè)回顧
(一)分類(lèi)識(shí)記單詞——用時(shí)少·功效高
識(shí)
記
單
詞
寫(xiě)
對(duì)
Ⅰ.知其意(英譯漢)
1.loose adj.　　松的；松開(kāi)的
2.thunder vi. 打雷；雷鳴
n. 雷；雷聲
3.item n. 項(xiàng)目；條款
4.swap vt. 交換
5.curtain n. 窗簾；門(mén)簾；幕布
Ⅱ.寫(xiě)其形(漢譯英)
1.outdoors adv. 在戶(hù)外；在野外
2.teenager n. 十幾歲的青少年
3.pack vi.&vt. 捆扎；包裝；打行李
n. 小包；包裹
4.partner n. 伙伴；合作者；合伙人
5.dusk n. 黃昏；傍晚
6.series n. 連續(xù)；系列
7.tip n. 提示；技巧；尖；尖端；小費(fèi)
vt. 傾斜；翻倒
核心單詞練通
1.Since Jack settled (定居) here, he has got along well with his neighbours.
2.The sea is calm (平靜的) and clear today, so we should go for a long walk on the beach.
3.The driver ignored (不理睬) the warning sign and did not stop the bus to the hill.
4.He stood up suddenly, upsetting (打翻) a cup of coffee on my shirt.
5.He really dislikes (不喜歡) it when he eats garlic for lunch.
6.I'm extremely grateful (感激的) to all my teachers for their help over the years.
拓展單詞用活
[記全記牢]
1.disagree vi.不同意→agree vi.同意→agreement n．同意；協(xié)議
2.exactly adv.確實(shí)如此；正是；確切地→exact adj.準(zhǔn)確的；精確的
3.power n．能力；力量；權(quán)力→powerful adj.強(qiáng)大的；有力的→powerless adj.無(wú)力的；沒(méi)有能力的
4.concern vt.(使)擔(dān)憂(yōu)；涉及；關(guān)系到n.擔(dān)心；關(guān)注；(利害)關(guān)系→concerned adj.擔(dān)心的；憂(yōu)慮的→concerning prep.關(guān)于；涉及
5.suffer vt.&vi.遭受；忍受；經(jīng)歷→suffering n．折磨；苦難
6.entire adj.整個(gè)的；完全的；全部的→entirely adv.完全地；全然地；整個(gè)地
7.recover vi.&vt.痊愈；恢復(fù)；重新獲得→recovery n．恢復(fù)；復(fù)蘇；康復(fù)
8.dusty adj.積滿(mǎn)灰塵的→dust n．灰塵
[用準(zhǔn)用活]
1.A few people agreed while most people disagreed,_so no agreement was made.(agree)
2.The old man went through a lot of sufferings in the old days. What's worse, he suffered from heart attack when he was in his eighties.(suffer)
3.After he came into power,_he didn't feel he was powerful.He even felt he was powerless when he couldn't protect his family.(power)
4.The entire village was destroyed. It now looks entirely different from the previous one.(entire)
5.Our parents are more concerned about our health and future. As far as I'm concerned,_we should talk with our parents and tell them our concerns.(concern)











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1.dis-否定前綴高頻詞集錦
①disagree vi.　不同意
②dislike vt. 不喜歡
③disappear vi. 消失
④disappoint vt. 使失望
⑤discourage vt. 使氣餒
⑥discover vt. 發(fā)現(xiàn)
⑦disobey vt. 違反
⑧distrust vt. 不信任



2.“感激；感謝”記心中①grateful adj.　　感激的
gratitude n. 感激
②appreciate v. 感激；感謝
appreciation n. 感激
③thank v. 感謝
thanks n. 感謝
thankful adj. 感激的
④acknowledge v. 致謝；感謝
acknowledgment n. 致謝；感謝
3. 負(fù)面情緒多變化
①u(mài)pset　　　　　不安的；心煩的
②anxious 焦慮的
③annoyed 惱火的；生氣的
④depressed 消沉的；沮喪的
⑤frustrated 失意的；挫敗的
⑥pessimistic 悲觀的
⑦blue 沮喪的；悲觀的
⑧down 情緒低落的

(二)語(yǔ)段串記短語(yǔ)——不枯燥·興趣高
先 寫(xiě) 對(duì)
再 用 準(zhǔn)
第一組
1.go_through　　　 　 　經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)受；完成；仔細(xì)檢查
2.face_to_face 面對(duì)面地
3.get/be_tired_of 對(duì)……厭煩
4.join_in 參加；加入
5.add_up 合計(jì)
　　The moment my daughter ①goes_through her homework, we will discuss some questions ②face_to_face. Both she and I ③are_tired_of sitting all the time, so we go outdoors and ④join_in the children's games.
第二組
1.be_concerned_about　 　關(guān)心；掛念
2.suffer_from 遭受；患病
3.get_along_with 與……相處；進(jìn)展
4.calm_(...)_down (使)平靜下來(lái)；(使)鎮(zhèn)定下來(lái)
5.at_dusk 在黃昏時(shí)刻
　　Last year, Li Hua went abroad for further study; as a result, he ①suffered_from loneliness. Meanwhile, his parents ②were_concerned_about his life and safety. Fortunately, he has been ③getting_along well with his classmates. When in trouble, he tries to find ways to get it over.
第三組
1.set_down　　　 　　　記下；放下；登記
2.a_series_of 一連串的；一系列；一套
3.on_purpose 故意；有目的地
4.in_order_to 為了……
5.pack_(sth.)_up 將(東西)裝箱打包
　　　Sometimes our English teacher gives us lessons slowly ①on_purpose so that we can ②set_down the language points correctly. Besides, ③in_order_to keep us students fit, he organizes ④a_series_of physical activities. To our joy, we are to climb Mount Tai tomorrow and we are required to ⑤pack_up our necessities before leaving.

?
1.“動(dòng)詞＋down(寫(xiě)；記)”短語(yǔ)小結(jié)
①set down　　　　　　記下；放下；登記
②copy down 抄下
③put down 記下
④note down 記下
⑤write down 寫(xiě)下
⑥take down 記下；記錄
2.“n.＋prep.＋n.”類(lèi)短語(yǔ)聚焦
①face to face　　　　　　　　面對(duì)面地
②heart to heart 心連心地
③shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地
④hand in hand 手拉手地
⑤back to back 背對(duì)背地
⑥side by side 肩并肩地

(三)仿寫(xiě)用活句式——造佳句·表達(dá)高
背 原 句
明 句 式
學(xué) 仿 寫(xiě)
1.While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.
在遛狗的時(shí)候，你不小心松了手，結(jié)果它被一輛汽車(chē)撞了。
狀語(yǔ)從句的省略。
出去散步的時(shí)候隨身帶一個(gè)小垃圾袋。(2018·6月浙江高考) When_going_for_a_walk,_take along a small garbage bag.
2.She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered.
她與家人躲藏了將近二十五個(gè)月之后才被發(fā)現(xiàn)。
before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
在你造訪之前，我從來(lái)沒(méi)有意識(shí)到我住的這個(gè)地方竟然那么美。(2018·天津高考)
Before_you_came_over,_I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in.
3.I wonder if it's because I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long that I've grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.
我不知道這是不是因?yàn)槲议L(zhǎng)久無(wú)法出門(mén)的緣故，我變得對(duì)一切與大自然有關(guān)的事物都無(wú)比狂熱。
“it's ... that ...”為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。
正是他的不懈努力使得中國(guó)逐漸發(fā)生變化。(2016·北京高考書(shū)面表達(dá))
It_was_his_continuous_efforts_that caused China to change gradually.
4.... it was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face ...
……這是我這一年半以來(lái)第一次目睹夜晚……
It/This/That is/was the first time that sb. has (have)/had done sth.“這/那是某人第一次做某事”。
技術(shù)改變了我們的方式，這已不是第一次了。(2018·11月浙江高考)
This_isn't_the_first_time that technology has changed our manners.












考點(diǎn)新組合
閱讀微技能
　　My friend Li Ming was always upset about some small things and couldn't keep calm. As a result, his classmates disliked? him and ignored him. One day, he suffered from a stomachache. The teachers and classmates sent him to hospital without delay and took good care of him. After he recovered, he was grateful ________?them. And he is getting along well with his classmates now. He is very friendly and is ready to help others. When in trouble?， he also doesn't hesitate to turn to his teachers and classmates for help. As far as I'm concerned, it's the concern from the teachers and classmates that has changed him entirely?.
1.①處的disliked可用本單元的短語(yǔ)were_tired_of替換。
2.②處應(yīng)填介詞to。
3.③處為狀語(yǔ)從句的省略，完整形式為：When_he_is_in_trouble。
4.④句it's ... that ...為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。

1．upset adj.心煩意亂的；不安的；不適的vt.使不安；使心煩；打翻
(1)be upset about/over/at sth. 為某事煩心/難過(guò)
be upset to do sth. 對(duì)做某事感到不安/難過(guò)
be upset that ... ……讓人不安
(2)upset oneself about sth. 為某事而煩惱
It upsets sb. to do sth./that ...
讓某人心煩的是……
[多角練透]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①She was upset to_know (know) that her application for the position was refused.
②Upsetting (upset) people with unsigned messages is cruel and disgusting.
句型轉(zhuǎn)換
③She was_upset that he had left without saying goodbye.
→It_upset_her_that he had left without saying goodbye.
補(bǔ)全句子
④Once I was not very good at English. I didn't know enough words and my grammar was also poor, which really upset_me/made_me_upset.
我曾經(jīng)不擅長(zhǎng)英語(yǔ)，掌握詞匯少，語(yǔ)法也差，這使我確實(shí)傷心。
[名師指津]　(1)upset充當(dāng)形容詞時(shí)常用作表語(yǔ)，不能作定語(yǔ)。(2)upset的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞形式仍為upset；其現(xiàn)在分詞形式為upsetting。
2．suffer vt.& vi.遭受；忍受；經(jīng)歷
(1)suffer pain/defeat/hardship/damage
　　　　　　　　　 遭受痛苦/失敗/艱難/破壞
suffer from 遭受；患病
(2)suffering n. 痛苦；苦惱；讓人痛苦的事
sufferer n. 患難者；患病者
[多角練透]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①Among obese children, about 30 percent also suffer from high levels of blood sugar and fat.
②The civil war of Syria has brought great sufferings (suffer) to tens of thousands of people.
③To our delight, the sufferer (suffer) has decided to give up smoking.
補(bǔ)全句子
④There is no denying that our earth is_suffering_severe_damage.
不可否認(rèn)，我們的地球正遭受著嚴(yán)重的破壞。
[名師指津]　(1)suffer指抽象的損害、痛苦等，如：suffer pain/defeat/losses/the result/side effects“遭受痛苦/失敗/損失/(承受)結(jié)果/副作用”。
(2)suffer from常加具體的表示不幸或痛苦的名詞，如：遭受戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、自然災(zāi)害、疾病帶來(lái)的痛苦。
3．recover vi.&vt.痊愈；恢復(fù)；重新獲得
(1)recover from　　　　 從……中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)
recover oneself 鎮(zhèn)定下來(lái)
(2)recovery n. 恢復(fù)；復(fù)蘇；痊愈
[多角練透]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①Paulinho said, “I accepted the offer from Chinese football and there I recovered (recover) my confidence and I won titles.”
②The little girl soon recovered herself (she) and stopped crying.
一句多譯
盡管他在交通事故中嚴(yán)重受傷，但最后他終于康復(fù)了。
③Even though he was hurt seriously in the car accident, he finally recovered_from it.(recover)
④Even though he was hurt seriously in the car accident, he finally made_a_recovery_from it.(recovery)
4．concern vt.(使)擔(dān)憂(yōu)；涉及；關(guān)系到n.擔(dān)心；關(guān)注；(利害)關(guān)系
(1)show/express concern about/for
　　　　　　　 　 　　　 對(duì)……表示關(guān)心
(2)concerned adj. 擔(dān)心的；關(guān)注的；相關(guān)的
be concerned about/for 擔(dān)心……；關(guān)心……
be concerned with 與……有關(guān)；涉及
as far as ... be concerned 就……而言；依……之見(jiàn)
(3)concerning prep. 關(guān)于；有關(guān)
[多角練透]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①I(mǎi) use WeChat Pay a lot, but I am quite concerned about/for my privacy.
②Present at the meeting were headmasters of the schools concerned (concern)．
③The book is mainly concerned with the situation in that country.
④The whole country expressed great concern about/for the traffic accident in Chongqing.
單句寫(xiě)作
⑤就我個(gè)人而言，你剪紙練習(xí)得越多，你就會(huì)越擅長(zhǎng)它。(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ書(shū)面表達(dá))
As_far_as_I'm_concerned,_the more you practise paper-cutting, the better at it you will become.
[名師指津]　形容詞concerned作前置定語(yǔ)時(shí)，意為“關(guān)心的，掛念的，擔(dān)心的”；作后置定語(yǔ)時(shí)，意為“相關(guān)的；有關(guān)的”。例如：a concerned look“關(guān)切的神情”；the authorities concerned“有關(guān)當(dāng)局”。
5．get along/on with與……相處；進(jìn)展
[歸納拓展]
(1)get along/on well (nicely) with sb.
　　　　 　 　　　 與某人相處得好
get along/on well (nicely/smoothly) with sth.
某事進(jìn)展得好/順利
(2)get down to (doing) sth. 開(kāi)始做某事
get through (電話(huà))接通；用完；通過(guò)；度過(guò)
get over 克服
[多角練透]
選用上述短語(yǔ)填空
①I(mǎi)n addition, every student can be in harmony with foreign friends, which makes it easy for you to get_along_with them.
②Our lines can get very busy, but please keep trying and you will soon get_through.
③It's time that I got/should_get_down_to thinking about my future.
單句寫(xiě)作
④我很高興地告訴你，我和我所有的老師和同學(xué)相處得很好。我在學(xué)習(xí)上取得了很大的進(jìn)步，尤其是在英語(yǔ)方面。(2017·天津高考滿(mǎn)分作文)
I'm pleased to tell you I'm_getting_along_well_with_all_my_teachers_and_classmates. And I have made great progress in my study, especially in my English.
6．狀語(yǔ)從句的省略
While_walking_the_dog,_you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.
在遛狗的時(shí)候，你不小心松了手，結(jié)果它被一輛汽車(chē)撞了。
句中While walking the dog是狀語(yǔ)從句的省略，補(bǔ)全后為While you were walking the dog。
狀語(yǔ)從句省略的條件
(1)when, while, though, even if, unless, if, as if等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致或從句主語(yǔ)為it
(2)狀語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)中含有be動(dòng)詞
狀語(yǔ)從句省略的形式
省略從句中的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞

①She gave me a comforting smile, nodded while_listening_patiently,_and then printed out the ticket immediately.(2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)
她耐心地傾聽(tīng)，點(diǎn)點(diǎn)頭，給我一個(gè)舒心的微笑，然后立刻把票打印出來(lái)。
②There are some health problems that, when_(they_are)_not_treated in time, can become bigger ones later on.
有這樣一些健康問(wèn)題，如果不及時(shí)處理，日后會(huì)變成更大問(wèn)題。
③Unless_(it_is)_necessary,_you'd better not refer to the dictionary.
除非有必要，否則你最好不要查詞典。

考點(diǎn)新組合
閱讀微技能
　　My friend Li Ping has gone through great hardship when doing her business recently. As a result, she feels very frustrated. ________ ? my embarrassment, it's beyond my power to help her out, because I can't give her some advice?on how to settle it. However, I believe she will add up all the advantages and disadvantages before she comes to a decision?.
1.①處應(yīng)填介詞 To。
2.②處的advice可用本單元單詞 tips替換。
3.把③句改寫(xiě)為強(qiáng)調(diào)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的強(qiáng)調(diào)句：However, I_do_believe she will add up all the advantages and disadvantages before she comes to a decision.

7．power n．能力；力量；權(quán)力；動(dòng)力
(1)in power　　　　　　　　　 當(dāng)權(quán)
come to/into power 掌權(quán)；上臺(tái)
in one's power 在某人的掌控中
do all/everything in one's power to do sth.
　　　　　 盡力而為做某事；竭盡全力做某事
(2)powerful adj. 強(qiáng)大的；有影響/感染力的；有勢(shì)力的
[多角練透]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①Though he has been in power for two years, he hasn't found an effective solution to the country's economic problems.
②The fast economic development before 2016 was probably the most powerful (power) engine driving the constant growth in the box-office income.(2017·江蘇高考書(shū)面表達(dá))
③It has been five years since he came into/to power.
單句寫(xiě)作
④我將竭盡全力為即將到來(lái)的期末考試做好準(zhǔn)備。(2017·天津高考書(shū)面表達(dá))
I'll do_everything_in_my_power_to_prepare_for the coming final exam.
[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]　表示“竭盡全力做某事”的常用表達(dá)還有：
①do/try one's best to do sth.
②make every effort to do sth.
③spare no effort to do sth.
8．settle vi.安家；定居；停留vt.使定居；安排；解決
(1)settle in/settle into sth.　　適應(yīng)(新家、工作、環(huán)境等)
settle down 定居；平靜下來(lái)；專(zhuān)心于
settle down to (doing) sth. 著手認(rèn)真做某事
(2)settler n. 移民；殖民者
[多角練透]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①M(fèi)r and Mrs Brown would like to see their daughter settle down,_get married, and have kids.(2017·天津高考單選)
②Having settled into a beautiful village, he settled down to his research.
③People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade.(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)
補(bǔ)全句子
④I sincerely hope that you can settle_the_matter_well all by yourself.
我衷心希望你自己能把這件事解決好。
9．go through經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)受；檢查；完成；(法案等)通過(guò)
[一詞多義]　寫(xiě)出下列句中g(shù)o through的含義
①I(mǎi) had to go through a lot of difficulties to become strong enough to solve it.經(jīng)歷
②Our plan on how to spend our summer holidays didn't go through.通過(guò)
③As you go through this book, you will find that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱ had a different experience.完成
④He went through his pockets looking for the keys.檢查
[歸納拓展]
go against　　　　　　 違背；違反
go out 出去；熄滅
go over 復(fù)習(xí)；仔細(xì)檢查
go up 上漲；上升；攀登
⑤Our teacher chose many important exercises for us, and I went_over_the_language_points at the same time.
老師為我們選了很多重要的習(xí)題，同時(shí)我復(fù)習(xí)了語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)。
10．a(chǎn)dd up合計(jì)；把……加起來(lái)
add sth.to sth.　　　 把……加到/進(jìn)……里
add up to 加起來(lái)共計(jì)/達(dá)(不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
add to 增加；增添(多用于抽象意義)
[多角練透]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①Please add all the figures up,_and you will get the total.
②As is known to all, good friends add happiness and value to life.
③Perhaps you think you could easily add to your happiness with more money.
根據(jù)語(yǔ)境寫(xiě)出加黑單詞的含義
④He added that he felt very sorry for not being able to come.補(bǔ)充說(shuō)
11．before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句
She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before_they_were_
discovered.
她與家人躲藏了將近二十五個(gè)月之后才被發(fā)現(xiàn)。
before conj.常用來(lái)表示從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生之前的時(shí)間，譯法靈活。
(1)before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)主要表達(dá)下列不同的意思：
①還沒(méi)來(lái)得及……就……(強(qiáng)調(diào)從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生之前，主句動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生)；
②……之后才……(說(shuō)明主句的動(dòng)作持續(xù)時(shí)間比較長(zhǎng)而從句的動(dòng)作才開(kāi)始)；③在……之前；④(不久)就……；⑤以免……；⑥趁著……(還沒(méi)有)
(2)含before 的常用句式有：
It won't be long before ...用不了多久就會(huì)……(before從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))
It wasn't long before ...沒(méi)過(guò)多久就……(before從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí))
It will be＋一段時(shí)間＋before ...要過(guò)若干時(shí)間之后才……(before從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))
It was＋一段時(shí)間＋before ...過(guò)了若干時(shí)間才……(before從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí))
①They are thinking of buying the house before_the_prices_go_up.
他們正在考慮趁房?jī)r(jià)未漲時(shí)把房子買(mǎi)下來(lái)。
②The movie starts at 8：30, and we can have a quick bite before_we_go.(2016·浙江高考單選)
電影8：30開(kāi)始，走之前我們可以匆匆吃點(diǎn)東西。
③John thinks it_won't_be_long_before he is ready for his new job.
約翰認(rèn)為用不了多久他就會(huì)為他的新工作做好準(zhǔn)備。
[名師指津]　 It be＋一段時(shí)間＋since引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“自從……(到現(xiàn)在)有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了”。
④It has been two weeks since you returned your home and I've been missing you very much.(2017·天津高考書(shū)面表達(dá))
你回國(guó)已經(jīng)兩個(gè)星期了，我非常想念你。



[單元語(yǔ)基落實(shí)]
Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空
1．She was very upset to_find (find) out that he didn't like her gift at all.
2．Abraham Lincoln's whole school education added up to no more than one year.
3．Although Tim and Mike come from entirely (entire) different backgrounds, they are close friends.
4．How can Linda recover from her illness in this room when it's so dirty and dusty?
5．It was the first time that a female had_been_elected (elect) president in that country.
6．As a matter of fact, I dislike being_treated (treat) like a child.
7．Concerned (concern) about the student, the teacher called his parents to find out why he was so often absent from class.
8．Never before has our country been so powerful (power) as it is today.
9．As we approach our teenage years, we have to go through many physical and emotional changes.
10．Jack was so worried about the boy in the water that he jumped into the lake before anyone could stop him.
11．We all knew that Bill had broken the dish on purpose just to show his anger.
12．With a lot of difficult problems to_settle (settle), the new manager is sure to have a hard time.
13．Within a few days she had become seriously ill, suffering (suffer) great pain and discomfort.
14．While walking (walk) in the park, I came across my former English teacher whom I hadn't seen for ages.
15．Since you have questions, why not turn to your teacher for some tips (tip)?
Ⅱ.根據(jù)提示詞和相關(guān)要求補(bǔ)全句子
1．將近一天之后，他才意識(shí)到他的錯(cuò)誤并向他的朋友彼得道歉。(before)
It was nearly a day before_he_realized_his_mistakes and apologized to his friend Peter.
2．正是因?yàn)樽黾媛毠ぷ?，大學(xué)生們才能獲得社會(huì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，開(kāi)闊視野。(強(qiáng)調(diào)句式)
It_is_because_of_doing_part-time_jobs_that college students can gain social experience and broaden their horizons.
3．現(xiàn)在11點(diǎn)了，但她仍不能安下心來(lái)工作。(settle down)
It's eleven o'clock now, but she still cannot settle_down_to_work.
4．這幾天在室內(nèi)待得很厭倦，我們很想出去放松自己。(get tired of)
Having_got_tired_of_staying_indoors_for_days,_we are longing to go out and relax ourselves.
5．我坐在教室里做試卷時(shí)感到信心十足、精力旺盛。(狀語(yǔ)從句的省略)
While_sitting_in_the_classroom_and_doing_my_papers,_I felt confident and was full of energy.
6．這是我第一次來(lái)杭州參觀西湖。(this is the first time that)
This is the first time that I have_come_to_Hangzhou_to_visit_the_West_Lake.
7．我想知道你今晚是否愿意和我一起去聽(tīng)音樂(lè)會(huì)。(I wonder if)
I_wonder_if_you_would_like_to_go to the concert with me tonight.
8．如果你是一名老師，你將如何與你的學(xué)生們相處？(get along/on with)
If you are a teacher, how_are_you_getting_along_with_your_students?
9．現(xiàn)今，越來(lái)越多的人關(guān)注他們的居住環(huán)境。(be concerned about)
Nowadays more and more people are_concerned_about_the_environment_where_they_live.
10．他在大門(mén)口等著，為的是在她出來(lái)時(shí)見(jiàn)她一面。(in order to)
He waited at the gate in_order_to_meet_her_when_she_came_out.
Ⅲ.一句多譯/句式升級(jí)
1．我們將竭盡全力幫助你，但你必須做好迎接各種困難的準(zhǔn)備。
①We'll do_everything_in_our_power_to_help_you,_but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.(power)
②We will do/try_our_best_to_help_you,_but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.(best)
③We will spare_no_effort_to_help_you,_but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.(spare)
2．你沒(méi)有給他回信，他感到很不安。
①He_was_very_upset_that_you_didn't_reply_to_his_letter. (upset adj.)
②It_upset_him_that_you_didn't_reply_to_his_letter.(upset vt.)
3．①我們都希望他從傷病中盡快康復(fù)。
We all hope that he will_recover_from his injury as soon as possible.
②用“It is＋過(guò)去分詞＋that”句型改寫(xiě)句①
It_is_hoped_that_he_will_recover_from_his_injury_as_soon_as_possible.
4．①Tom昨天下午直到做完了作業(yè)才回家。
Tom didn't go home until_he_finished_his_homework_yesterday_afternoon.
②用not until的倒裝句改寫(xiě)句①
Not_until_Tom_finished_his_homework_did_he_go_home_yesterday_afternoon.
③用強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)改寫(xiě)句②
It_was_not_until_Tom_finished_his_homework_that_he_went_home_yesterday_afternoon.
[高考拆組訓(xùn)練]
閱讀理解組塊專(zhuān)練——練速度
(限時(shí)：30分鐘)
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
Kenny Li is waiting patiently at a coach terminus(終點(diǎn)站) in Kowloon on a misty and cold Hong Kong morning.
He is planning to have lunch in the city of Zhuhai, which on a normal day would take him about four hours to reach by road. But today the journey will take just over 30 minutes, because today is not a normal day.
Kenny is one of scores of passengers — including the correspondent (記者) — who are queuing for a seat on one of the first cross-border coaches to travel over the newly-opened Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge.
The ＄20bn, 55km bridge and 6.7km undersea tunnel link Hong Kong's Lantau island to Zhuhai on the southern coast of Guangdong Province and Macao. The mega structure is supported by three cable-stayed bridges and designed to withstand typhoon-force winds.
It took more than eight years to build and, according to ambitious plans hatched (策劃) in Beijing, will help form a high-tech and economic region, namely Greater Bay Area, to rival New York, San Francisco and Tokyo bay areas.
But those lofty aims feel fairly irrelevant to the band of eager passengers who have assembled at the Kowloon coach terminus on Wednesday morning. This group wants something different from the HZMB, as it has become known. For just HK ＄120 for a single trip ticket, we can be part of history.
“I was the first person to get the ticket three days ago，” says Li, as he waits patiently for the coach to arrive.
Other passengers are similarly excited. YW Cheung and his wife bought the tickets on Sunday as soon as he heard about the news about coach companies running the bridge service.
“I want to take the first coach to cross the bridge，” he said. “We will meet friends in Zhuhai and eat out with them, and then we will go to Macao.”
語(yǔ)篇解讀：港珠澳大橋是中國(guó)境內(nèi)一座連接香港、珠海和澳門(mén)的橋隧工程。2018年10月24日大橋正式通車(chē)。本文主要報(bào)道了港珠澳大橋通車(chē)時(shí)人們期待乘坐長(zhǎng)途公共汽車(chē)來(lái)往于三地的情景。
1．Why is today different for Kenny Li?
A．Because it is a misty and cold day in the morning.
B．Because he has to wait patiently at a coach terminus.
C．Because the time to Zhuhai will be saved more.
D．Because he can have lunch in Zhuhai by road.
解析：選C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段可推知，對(duì)Kenny Li來(lái)說(shuō)，今天之所以特殊是因?yàn)樗梢猿俗灤└壑榘拇髽虻墓查L(zhǎng)途汽車(chē)，這大大地縮短了到珠海的時(shí)間，故選C。
2．What is special for Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge?
A．It can withstand typhoon-force winds.
B．A round trip ticket of the coach by it just costs HK D|S120.
C．It is irrelevant to passengers at the Kowloon coach terminus.
D．It is part of history, more brilliant than New York.
解析：選A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“The mega structure is supported by three cable-stayed bridges and designed to withstand typhoon-force winds.”可推知，港珠澳大橋的特別之處在于其能承受臺(tái)風(fēng)，故選A。
3．Where does this text probably come from?
A．A fashion magazine.　　　　 B．A history book.
C．A tourist brochure. D．A latest newspaper.
解析：選D　文章出處題。根據(jù)全文的內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言風(fēng)格可推知，本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要報(bào)道了港珠澳大橋建成通車(chē)時(shí)的情形，由此可推知，本文可能出自一份最新的報(bào)紙，故選D。
B
(2019·寧波高三模擬)When the telephone rings late at night, most women guess it must be one of only four or five people calling.A sister? Maybe.An emergency? Possibly.A mother? Probably not at that time of night.Much more probably it is a close female friend calling to tell you that she is heartbroken because she has split_up with her boyfriend again or perhaps simply that a good movie has just started on TV.
At a time when families are spread far and wide and marriages often end in divorce, friendships are becoming more and more important.Erika, a 32-year-old lawyer, is strengthened by her ten-year friendship with her married friend Jane.“I was very sick one night, so I called Jane at about 3：00 a．m.to talk about it，” she says.“She was very supportive and even came over to take me to the doctor's.”
As American TV shows like Friends have become more popular, many of us are beginning to see the value of such friendships.TV shows like this tell us that our romantic relationships may not last, but we need to keep in touch with our close friends if we want to survive.
With Erika's family 200 miles away, it is Jane who keeps a spare set of keys to Erika's apartment and waters her plants whenever she is away.“Having Jane around gives me a certain amount of freedom.It is not the kind of thing that you could ask anyone to do, but she knows I would do the same for her.” Jane, who may move to a different city soon, is worried about leaving such a support system of friends.“My friends have more to do with my life than my parents and, therefore, I don't have to spend a lot of time explaining things to them.Friends are more up to date with what is happening.”
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文，以Erika與Jane的友誼和美劇Friends為例，講述并論證友情十分重要的觀點(diǎn)。
4．A late-night phone call for most women is probably from ________.
A．a(chǎn) relative B．a(chǎn) friend
C．a(chǎn) doctor D．a(chǎn) stranger
解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Much more probably it is a close female friend ... or perhaps simply that a good movie has just started on TV.”可知，深夜給女性打電話(huà)的可能是一個(gè)朋友，故B項(xiàng)正確。
5．What does the underlined phrase “split up” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A．Shown up. B．Picked up.
C．Broken up. D．Taken up.
解析：選C　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線短語(yǔ)所在句可推知，更有可能的是，一位親密的女性朋友打電話(huà)告訴你，她很傷心，因?yàn)樗趾湍杏逊质至?，spilt up與break up意思相近，表示“分手”，故C項(xiàng)正確。
6．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Friendship Counts
B．Friendship Demands Freedom
C．Friendship Needs Understanding
D．Friendship Strengthens Romance
解析：選A　標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文以Erika與Jane的友誼和美劇Friends為例，講述并論證友情十分重要的觀點(diǎn)；故A項(xiàng)最能體現(xiàn)主題，適合作文章的標(biāo)題。
C
A cycling session at Queen Mary homeless women's hostel (收容所) in London starts.Eleven women discuss what they're hoping to achieve in today's session.Then they push their bikes to a basketball court to practise in an off-road environment.Supported by instructors, they practise riding by themselves.Sometimes these women feel a little tired because they take medicine, but they have all made up their mind for cycling training.
Last year Queen Mary approached Sustrans (a charity) to set up a cycling club for women.Many of them have low levels of fitness.All have survived challenging situations ranging from social isolation (孤立) to abusive (虐待的) relationships.The hostel staff, who are experienced mental health experts, try to develop cycling to build the women's confidence and give them access to other fields of society.The hostel is moving away from traditional treatment of mental health with the belief that cycling could be a really useful tool in helping the women live on their own.After the success of a 10-week pilot project, the cycling club received financial support of ￡10,000 to continue the club.
In modern society, homelessness and mental health problems often go hand in hand.Studies have shown that physical activities, including walking and cycling, can be used to overcome and even prevent stress, depression and anxiety.They can be more effective than medical treatments.
Women, however, are less likely than men to take part in physical activities.Women in the UK make nearly three times fewer cycling journeys than men.Two main causes of this are traditional barriers — mostly because women still undertake most household tasks — and fear of judgment.The network of bike routes has been expanded yet the “build it and they will come” approach ignores the fact that not all people start from the same point.Social interventions (干預(yù)) are a useful way to achieve equality of access to cycling.
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。Queen Mary無(wú)家可歸婦女收容所聯(lián)合慈善組織Sustrans成立了自行車(chē)俱樂(lè)部，為這些無(wú)家可歸的女性提供騎行培訓(xùn)，目的是幫助她們樹(shù)立自信，使她們能夠重新融入社會(huì)，獨(dú)立生存。
7．What can we learn about the women at Queen Mary?
A．They are quite determined.
B．They used to be good athletes.
C．They committed serious crimes.
D．They teach themselves cycling.
解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“but they have all made up their mind for cycling training”可知，這些女性很有決心，積極參加騎行訓(xùn)練。
8．What's the main purpose in setting up the cycling club?
A．To raise money for the poor.
B．To advocate the benefits of cycling.
C．To help homeless women get a good job.
D．To make homeless women better fit into society.
解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“The hostel staff, who are experienced mental health experts, try to develop cycling to build the women's confidence and give them access to other fields of society.”可知，建立騎行俱樂(lè)部的主要目的在于幫助這些女性樹(shù)立自信，融入社會(huì)的不同領(lǐng)域。
9．What does the author stress in the third paragraph?
A．The harm of mental problems.
B．The causes of different mental states.
C．The various treatments for mental illness.
D．The positive effect of sports on mental health.
解析：選D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，本段主要介紹體育運(yùn)動(dòng)能夠克服甚至預(yù)防精神方面的各種問(wèn)題，可能比藥物更有效。因此可推斷本段旨在強(qiáng)調(diào)運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)精神健康的重要性。
10．What is suggested for encouraging women to cycle?
A．Building more bike routes.
B．Starting purposeful activities.
C．Providing support in housework.
D．Strengthening education on equality.
解析：選B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容尤其是“Social interventions (干預(yù)) are a useful way to achieve equality of access to cycling.”可知，為了讓更多的女性騎行，文中給出的建議是要進(jìn)行社會(huì)干預(yù)，開(kāi)展針對(duì)性的活動(dòng)。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
Communication skills：What is active listening?
Active listening is a special way of communicating. Its goal is to make it easier for people to clearly express ideas and feelings. It can lead to a better understanding between a speaker and a listener.
Active listening can be guided by a third person, such as a therapist (治療專(zhuān)家)．__1__ Active listening works best when the speaker and the listener sit facing each other. The two people take turns talking. The goal is for the listener to give full attention to the speaker. You should avoid thinking about what to say next or whether what the speaker is saying is right.__2__Try as much as possible to see things from the speaker's point of view.
Once the speaker finishes talking, you should repeat back the main points of what he or she just said.__3__ It gives him or her a chance to clear up any misunderstandings. The speaker can explain his or her ideas until he or she feels fully understood. __4__ From there, the two people switch back and forth (來(lái)回地) until they have both fully heard and understood each other.
Active listening is very useful for people who live or work together. Family members and co-workers often have bad listening habits. They react to each other based on what they expect the other person to say rather than on what is actually said.__5__
A．You do not have to agree on everything.
B．Or, it can be done by two people on their own.
C．The speaker and the listener then switch roles.
D．Instead, focus on understanding what is being said.
E．Active listening gives them a way to break this pattern.
F．An active listener first listens carefully, without talking.
G．Doing that lets the speaker know how well you understood what was said.
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了溝通技巧的一種——積極傾聽(tīng)。
1．選B　B項(xiàng)中的“done by two people on their own”與本空前的“guided by a third person”構(gòu)成對(duì)比關(guān)系。
2．選D　根據(jù)本空前一句“You should avoid thinking about what to say next or whether what the speaker is saying is right.”可知，D項(xiàng)“相反，你要將注意力集中在對(duì)方說(shuō)了什么上面”符合語(yǔ)境。
3．選G　G項(xiàng)中的that指代本空前一句中的“repeat back the main points of what he or she just said”。本空后一句中的It指代G項(xiàng)內(nèi)容“這樣做能使說(shuō)話(huà)者了解到你對(duì)其所說(shuō)內(nèi)容明白了多少”。
4．選C　根據(jù)本空后一句“From there, the two people switch back and forth (來(lái)回地) until they have both fully heard and understood each other.”可知，C項(xiàng)“然后，說(shuō)話(huà)者與聆聽(tīng)者角色互換”符合語(yǔ)境。兩者語(yǔ)意上為承接關(guān)系。
5．選E　E項(xiàng)中的this pattern指代本空前一句“They react to each other based on what they expect the other person to say rather than on what is actually said”。


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