2020版一輪復(fù)習(xí)英語新課改人教版學(xué)案：選修6Unit2Poems

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(一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí)

Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——————知其意
1．tick vt. 　　　　　　　　　　 給……標(biāo)記號(hào)
2．rhyme n. 韻；押韻；押韻的詞
vi. & vt. (使)押韻
3．nursery n. 托兒所
4．violinist n. 小提琴演奏者
5．contradictory adj. 引起矛盾的；好反駁的
6．diamond n. 鉆石；菱形
7．cottage n. 村舍；小屋
8．sparrow n. 麻雀
[縱聯(lián)1] 取笑；招惹；戲弄
10．minimum n. 最低限度；最少量；最小數(shù)
11．diploma n. 畢業(yè)文憑；學(xué)位證書
12．compass n. 指南針；羅盤；(復(fù)數(shù))圓規(guī)
13．bride n. 新娘
14．bridegroom n. 新郎
Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞——————寫其形
1．convey vt. 傳達(dá)；運(yùn)送
2．flexible adj. 靈活的；可彎曲的；柔順的
3．pattern_ n. 模式；式樣；圖案
4．branch n. 枝條；支流；部門
5．eventually adv. 最后；終于
6．bare adj. 赤裸的；光禿的；稀少的
n. 最基本的要素
7．librarian n. 圖書館館長；圖書館管理員
8．forever adv. 永遠(yuǎn)
9．section n. 部分；節(jié)；切下的塊
10．exchange n. 交換；交流；互換
vt.&vi. 調(diào)換；交換
11．sponsor n. 贊助人；主辦者；倡議者
vt. 發(fā)起；舉辦；倡議
12．blank n. 空白
adj. 空白的；茫然的
13．concrete adj. 具體的
14．load n. 負(fù)擔(dān)；負(fù)荷物(尤指沉重的)
Ⅲ.拓展單詞——————通其變
1．salty adj.含鹽的；咸的→salt n．鹽；食鹽
2．endless adj.無窮的；無止境的→end n．&v.終止；結(jié)束→ending n．結(jié)尾；結(jié)局
3．translation n．翻譯；譯文→translate v．翻譯→translator n．譯員；翻譯家
4．transform vi.&vt.轉(zhuǎn)化；轉(zhuǎn)換；改造；變換→transformation n．轉(zhuǎn)化；轉(zhuǎn)換；變換
5．sorrow n．悲傷；悲痛；懊悔→sorrowful adj.悲傷的；悲痛的
6．a(chǎn)ppropriate adj.適當(dāng)?shù)?；正?dāng)?shù)摹鷄ppropriately adv.適當(dāng)?shù)兀缓线m地
7．championship n．冠軍稱號(hào)→champion n．冠軍
8．darkness n．黑暗；漆黑→dark adj.黑暗的[縱聯(lián)2]
9．warmth n．暖和；溫暖→warm adj.暖和的；溫暖的；熱情的
10．scholarship n．獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金；學(xué)問；學(xué)術(shù)成就→scholar n．學(xué)者[縱聯(lián)3]
11．pianist n．鋼琴家；鋼琴演奏者→piano n．鋼琴

縱聯(lián)1.“取笑與愚弄”面面觀
①tease 取笑；戲弄
②laugh at 嘲笑
③play the fool with 愚弄
④make fun of 取笑
⑤make a fool/joke of 愚弄
⑥play a trick/joke on 捉弄
縱聯(lián)2.后綴-ness高頻名詞薈萃
①darkness黑暗；漆黑　　　 　 ②sickness疾病
③loneliness孤獨(dú) ④happiness快樂
⑤sadness悲傷 ⑥kindness善良
⑦bitterness苦味；苦難；怨恨
縱聯(lián)3.同在一條船(ship)上
①scholarship獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金；學(xué)問 ②friendship友誼
③leadership領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位 ④relationship關(guān)系
⑤hardship苦難 ⑥membership成員資格
⑦championship冠軍稱號(hào)

單元話題——詩歌
子話題　詩歌
①extraordinary adj.非凡的　 ②series n．系列
③appreciate vt.欣賞 ④unique adj.獨(dú)特的
⑤reflect v．反映 ⑥background n．背景
⑦production n．作品 ⑧inspiration n．靈感；啟發(fā)
⑨description n. 描述；描寫 ⑩masterpiece n．杰作
?adaptation n．改編本；適應(yīng) ?lyric n．抒情詩
?essay n．散文；文章；隨筆 ?myth n．神話
?legend n．傳說；傳奇故事 ?chapter n．章
?original adj.原創(chuàng)的
n．原作　　　
?draft n．草稿；草案
vt.起草；草擬
?be set in 以……為背景 ?works appreciation 作品欣賞


[學(xué)考對(duì)接·活學(xué)活用]
高考采擷(一)　閱讀中的詞匯應(yīng)用
1．(2015·重慶高考閱讀E)History has witnessed the　?　 (end) productions of Shakespearean plays in every major language of the world. It is never rare? to find that Mozart packs Japanese concert halls, as Japanese painter Hiroshige does Paris galleries. Unique works of this kind are different from today's popular art, even if they began as works of popular art. They have set themselves apart in their timeless appeal and will probably be enjoyed for centuries into the future.
①用end的適當(dāng)形式填空：endless，此處用來形容“多產(chǎn)”
②寫出加彩詞在本單元的同義詞：bare
2．(2014·浙江高考閱讀B)Brazilians are warm? and friendly. They often stand close when talking and it is common for them to touch the person on the shoulder. People often greet each other (particularly women) with light cheek kisses. Schedules tend to be 　?　， with business meetings sometimes starting later than planned. But to be safe, be on time. Meals can stretch for hours — there's no such thing as rushing a meal in Brazil. Lunches also can start in the mid to late afternoon. Brazilians are social, preferring face-to-face communication over emails or phone calls.
①寫出warm在句中的含義：熱情的，其名詞形式為warmth
②選詞填空：__B__
A．concrete　　　B．flexible　　　C．endless
高考采擷(二)　寫作中的詞匯應(yīng)用
(根據(jù)漢語及提示詞補(bǔ)全句子)
1．(2011·湖南高考寫作)它向我們傳遞一個(gè)信息：整體是由很多緊密相關(guān)的小的部分組成。(convey)
It_conveys_a_message_to_us:_A whole is made up of many small parts that are closely related.
2．(2015·廣東高考寫作)她最后贏得了他們的尊重，他們最終變得自信，表現(xiàn)也不錯(cuò)。(eventually)
She finally earned respect of them, who_eventually_became_confident as well as well-behaved.
3．(2015·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))正如你知道的，除了美味的餃子，敬老院里的老年人同樣需要的是溫暖和關(guān)心。(warmth)
As you know, besides tasty dumplings, what elderly people in the nursing home also need is warmth and care.
(二)課堂重點(diǎn)釋疑
1．convey vt.傳達(dá)；表達(dá)；運(yùn)送；傳導(dǎo)；傳播
[記牢]
convey ... (to sb.)　　　 (向某人)表達(dá)/傳遞/傳達(dá)……
convey to sb. for ... 因……向某人表達(dá)……
convey ... from A to B 把……從A處運(yùn)到B處
[練通]　單句語法填空
①In this letter, I would like to convey my sincere appreciation to you for your help.
②Your luggage will be conveyed from the airport to your hotel.
③(2015·陜西高考)They took a more reasonable approach, conveying (convey) to their children how success at school could improve their lives.
[寫美]　補(bǔ)全句子
④(2013·江蘇高考書面表達(dá))這兒向我們傳達(dá)出的信息十分清楚：“事實(shí)勝于雄辯?！?br /> The message conveyed_to_us here is clear：“Actions speak louder than words.”
2．transform vi.&vt.轉(zhuǎn)化；轉(zhuǎn)換；改造；變換
[記牢]
transform ...into ...　　　　　 使……變成……
transform ...from ...into ... 把……從……變成……
[練通] 單句語法填空
①As we can see in the picture above, a mother polar bear is trying to colour her babies with black to transform them into pandas so that they can immigrate to China.
②The company has been transformed from a family business into one with 5,000 workforce.
[寫美]　補(bǔ)全句子
③另外，您的慷慨幫助和精心照顧讓我感到家一般的溫暖，把我的首次美國之旅變成一種難忘的記憶。
Additionally, your generous help and tender care made me feel as warm as at home and transformed_my_first_American_trip_into_an_unforgettable_memory.
3．a(chǎn)ppropriate adj.適當(dāng)?shù)?；正?dāng)?shù)?br /> [記牢]
(1)be appropriate to/for　　　　　　　 適用于；合乎
be appropriate to do sth. 做某事是合適的
be appropriate that sb. (should) do 某人做……是合適的
(2)appropriately adv. 適當(dāng)?shù)?；合適地
[練通] 單句語法填空
①It is not appropriate to_ask (ask) such personal questions in an interview.
②It's necessary for you to make your child know that you expect him to act appropriately (appropriate) toward other people.
③Sports clothes are not appropriate for a formal wedding.
④It is not appropriate that a student (should)_take (take) smartphones in the school.
[寫美]　補(bǔ)全句子
⑤作為中學(xué)生，我們不熟悉外國文化，而中國的文化也不適合出現(xiàn)在英語報(bào)刊中。
As middle school students, we're not familiar with foreign cultures, while Chinese culture isn't appropriate to appear in an English newspaper.
4．exchange n．交換；交流；互換vt.&vi.調(diào)換；交換
[記牢]
(1)in exchange (for ...)　　　　 作為交換(……)
make an exchange 交換
exchange student 交換生
(2)exchange ...for ... 用……交換……
exchange sth. with sb. 與某人交換某物
[練通]　單句語法填空
①I've offered to paint the kitchen in exchange for a week's accommodation.
②We students should often exchange ideas with our parents, who are rich in experience, and above all, love us most in the world.
③Could you please help me to exchange this shirt for a bigger one?
④When he is interested in others' books instead of his own, he tries to make an exchange.
[用準(zhǔn)]　exchange和change作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，前者強(qiáng)調(diào)雙方交換，而后者則強(qiáng)調(diào)事物的屬性或位置的改變。
[寫美]　補(bǔ)全句子
⑤(2015·重慶高考寫作)所有的參與者都能得到他們想要的東西。與此同時(shí)，他們彼此交流想法和感受。
All the participants can get what they want. Meanwhile, they exchange ideas and feelings with each other.
5．load n．負(fù)擔(dān)；負(fù)荷物(尤指沉重的) v．裝載；加重；把彈藥裝入(槍、炮)
[辨清]　寫出下列句中l(wèi)oad的含義
①His family is really a heavy load on his shoulder. 負(fù)擔(dān)
②The lorry has to stop because its load had fallen off.負(fù)荷物
③It is time to load this truck.裝載
④Be careful! This gun is loaded.把彈藥裝入
[記牢]
(1)loads of＝a load of　　　　　 許多；大量(修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞)
(2)take a load off one's mind 打消某人的顧慮
(3)load ... with ... 用……裝載……
[練通]
同義替換
⑤Even though I have lots of (＝loads_of_/a_load_of) schoolwork to do, I'll spend some free time having sports so that I can keep fit and energetic.
單句語法填空
⑥It takes a load off my mind to leave the child in your charge.
⑦Some students complain that they are loaded with too much homework.
[寫美]　補(bǔ)全句子
⑧多年來學(xué)生的負(fù)擔(dān)是一個(gè)熱門話題，但父母的負(fù)擔(dān)，尤其是來自子女的負(fù)擔(dān)，卻沒有多少人重視。
The burden of students has been a hot topic for years, but the load of parents has received little attention, especially from their own children.
[詞匯過關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練]　
Ⅰ.單詞拼寫
1．Have you got any concrete (具體的) thoughts on how to deal with this difficulty?
2．(2016·全國卷Ⅱ) Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns (圖案) and masses of color.
3．(2017·江蘇高考)He's been informed that he doesn't qualify for the scholarship (獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金) because of his academic bac-kground.
4．He is such a person that he likes teasing (戲弄) his colleagues.
5．He dreams of one day becoming a famous violinist (小提琴演奏者)．
6．He turned his head and saw a figure approaching in the darkness (黑暗)．
7．The river has two main branches (支流) along its way to the sea.
8．To keep things move smoothly, they need a more flexible (靈活的) policy.
Ⅱ.單句語法填空
1．The question is whether they are sure their heart loaded (load) with love will bring good to their children.
2．Many students with a large amount of pocket money may not know how to use it appropriately (appropriate)．
3．Some students feel that exchanging (exchange) gifts can make more friends and expand their network of friends.
4．It is a surprise that the faraway village has_been_transformed (transform) into a famous tourist city in only ten years.
5．To my sorrow, I did the same work as he did, but got paid much less.
6．What's more, reading brings us not only endless (end) fun but also opportunities.
7．We had many difficulties at first, but eventually (eventual) we succeeded.
8．We should use our schedule flexibly (flexible) to balance our academic and spare time.
Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子/一句多譯
1．對(duì)于您的幫助，我想在這封信中表達(dá)對(duì)您的感謝。(convey)
In this letter, I would like to_convey_my_thanks_to_you for your assistance.
2．他們的努力使這個(gè)光禿禿的小山變成了綠樹成蔭的地方。(transform)
Their efforts have_transformed_the_bare_hill_into one covered with green trees all over.
3．生活就像滿載乘客的列車，每個(gè)人都有自己的終點(diǎn)站。(load)
Life is like a train loaded_with_passengers,_each man to his destination.
4．對(duì)于學(xué)生來說，到處亂丟垃圾，亂寫亂畫是不合適的。
①It_is_not_appropriate_for a student to litter and scribble about.
②It_is_not_appropriate_that a student should litter and scribble about.
Ⅳ.語境辨義
根據(jù)語境選出blank的詞性和詞義
(A)n.空白；遺忘　　　　(B)adj.不理解的；沒表情的
(C)adj.空白的 (D)vt.毫不理睬(某人)
1．If your mind goes blank, try not to panic.__C__
2．She stared at me with a blank expression on her face.__B__
3．My mind was a blank and I couldn't remember her name.__A__
4．I saw her on the bus this morning, but she totally blanked me.__D__

(一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí)

1．stay_up　　　　　　　 　　　 熬夜
2．be_popular_with 受……歡迎
3．in_particular 尤其；特別
4．take_it_easy 輕松；不緊張；從容
[串記1] 堅(jiān)持
6．make_sense 有道理；講得通
7．try_out 測(cè)試；試驗(yàn)
[串記2] 發(fā)出；放走；泄露
[串記3] 用完
10．be_made_up_of 由……構(gòu)成
[同根短語串記]
串記1.貴在“堅(jiān)持”
①hold on 堅(jiān)持(不及物)
②stick to 堅(jiān)持；粘住(及物)
③insist on 堅(jiān)持(及物)
④persist in 堅(jiān)持；固執(zhí)于(及物)
⑤go/keep on 堅(jiān)持；繼續(xù)下去(及物)
串記2.“v.＋out”短語集錦
①let out 發(fā)出；放走；泄露
②leave out 省去；遺漏；不考慮
③bring out 闡明；使顯示；出版
④make out 理解；辨認(rèn)出
⑤pick out 挑出；辨認(rèn)出
⑥figure out 理解；弄清楚
串記3.“用完；耗盡”短語多棱鏡
①run out of 用完(及物)
②run out 用完(不及物)
③use up 用完(及物)
④give out 耗盡(不及物)
⑤be/get burnt out 筋疲力盡(不及物)
⑥be tired out 筋疲力盡(不及物)

1．various reasons 各種各樣的理由
2．tell_a story 講故事
3．convey certain emotions 傳達(dá)某種感情
4．have_strong_rhythm 節(jié)奏感強(qiáng)
5．have a flexible_line length 可長可短
6．a(chǎn)way_from_darkness 遠(yuǎn)離黑暗
7．feed one's mind 滋養(yǎng)心靈
8．keep_your smile 珍藏你的微笑
9．on your way 在你人生的旅程中
10．lie_somewhere 在某處

1．There are various reasons why_people_write_poetry.
人們寫詩有著各種各樣的原因。
2．The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but they_are_easy_to_learn and recite.
童謠不一定有什么意義，甚至(有的)看起來自相矛盾，但是它們?nèi)菀讓W(xué)，也容易背誦。
3．Some rhyme (like B) while_others_do_not (like C)．
有些(清單詩)押韻(如B)，而有些不押韻(如C)。
4．Another simple form of poem that students can easily write is the cinquain, a_poem_made_up_of_five_lines.
另外一種學(xué)生容易寫的簡(jiǎn)體詩是由五行組成的，叫做五行詩。
5．With_so_many_different_forms_of_poetry_to_choose_from,_students may eventually want to write poems of their own.
6．Although the future may be difficult for you, whenever you need warmth and love, remember I'll have some to give you. 盡管未來對(duì)你來說也許是艱難的，但無論你什么時(shí)候需要溫暖與愛，記住我都會(huì)給你。
[學(xué)考對(duì)接·活學(xué)活用]
高考采擷(一)　閱讀中的短語
選詞填空(let out, hold on, stay up)
1．(2018·浙江高考完形填空)Once that happened, I just kept pushing my studying further and further back in my day.Then I got to the point where I was staying_up really late at night to get my work done.
2．(2013·江西高考完形填空)Panicking, she began to scream.Then, just as it seemed as if she would slip beneath the surface, she heard a calm voice.“Hold_on_! I'm coming.” With relief, she saw the old man rowing an ancient-looking boat towards her.
3．(2012·四川高考閱讀E)Plants are necessary for life on the Earth. They are the base of the food chain, using photosynthesis (光合作用) to produce sugar from carbon dioxide and water. They let_out oxygen which is needed by nearly every organism on the planet.
高考采擷(二)　寫作中的句式(補(bǔ)全句子)
1．(2014·安徽高考書面表達(dá))我認(rèn)為你總是發(fā)脾氣的原因可能是學(xué)習(xí)上的巨大壓力。(why引導(dǎo)定語從句)
I think the_reason_why_you_are_always_angry may be the high pressure of study.
2．(2018·北京高考書面表達(dá))事先閱讀一些書是必要的，然而一些漢語口語在線課程也能夠幫助你融入漢語言文化的氛圍中。(while)
Some reading in advance is needed while some online courses of spoken　Chinese　can　be　helpful　for you to adapt into the Chinese language environment.
3．(2018·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))另外，由于建立了體育館，各種體育賽事能夠得以舉行。(with＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語)
Moreover, with_the_stadium_set_up,_a wide range of sports events are able to be held.
4．(2018·江蘇高考書面表達(dá))因此，無論什么時(shí)候購物，都要再考慮一下這些排名。(whenever)
Therefore, we should give a second thought to these ratings whenever_we_go_shopping.
(二)課堂重點(diǎn)釋疑
[短語集釋]
1．take it easy (＝take things easy) 輕松；不緊張；從容；休息
[記牢]
take it seriously　　　　　 認(rèn)真對(duì)待；當(dāng)真
take one's time 別著急；慢慢來
take ... for granted 認(rèn) 為……理所當(dāng)然；想當(dāng)然
[練通]
選詞填空(take it easy/take one's time)
①—I feel so nervous about the National English Speech Competition tomorrow.
—Take_it_easy.
②Take_your_time,_please. Try to follow the natural steps and have your own clock.
補(bǔ)全句子
③You should not take_it_for_granted_that you can do the work perfectly. Take_it_seriously and make enough preparations.
不要想當(dāng)然的認(rèn)為你能把這項(xiàng)工作做得十分完美；認(rèn)真對(duì)待，并做好充分準(zhǔn)備。
[寫美]　翻譯句子
④休息幾天你就沒事了。
Take_it_easy_for_a_few_days_and_you_should_be_all_right.
2．run out of用完；用盡；用光
[記牢]
(1)run out　　　　　　　 用完；用光
give out 耗盡；筋疲力盡
use up 用完；耗盡
(2)run for 競(jìng)選；匆匆去取
run across 偶然遇到
run into 撞上；遇到；邂逅
run through 瀏覽；跑著穿過
[練通]
單句語法填空
①The taxi ran into the bike and the man on the bike was thrown off.
②I ran across one of my old friends when I was walking in the street the other day.
補(bǔ)全句子
③We are running_out_of (用盡) time.(run)
④Our time is running_out (用完)．(run)
⑤We were giving_out (筋疲力盡) and didn't want to move on.(give)
⑥The petrol has_been_used_up (用光); the car can't move.(use)
[用準(zhǔn)]　run out of＝use up表主動(dòng)意義，主語一般是人；run out＝be used up表被動(dòng)意義，主語通常是物；give out屬于不及物動(dòng)詞短語，主語通常是人。
[寫美]　翻譯句子
⑦我想競(jìng)選我們學(xué)校英語俱樂部的副主席。
I'd_like_to_run_for_the_vice_president_of_the_English_club_in_our_school._
3．let out 釋放；放走；發(fā)出(叫喊聲等)；泄露(消息、秘密等)；透露
[辨清]　寫出下列句中l(wèi)et out的含義
①Hearing the good news, the boy let out a cry of joy.發(fā)出
②When the bird gets well, we will let it out.放走
③They let out oxygen which is needed by nearly every organism (生物) on the planet.釋放
④She promised that she would not let out the plan to the press.泄露
[記牢]
let in　　　　　　　　　　 允許進(jìn)入；容許；改小
let off 放過；使爆炸
let alone 更不用說；更談不上
let ...down 把……放下來；使……失望
[練通]　單句語法填空
⑤I believe I can be a good volunteer and I won't let you down.
⑥The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, letting in the natural light during the day.
⑦I hardly had time to think these days, let alone relax.
[寫美]　補(bǔ)全句子
⑧對(duì)于大多數(shù)人來說，沒有鼠標(biāo)來操作電腦幾乎是不可能的，更談不上上網(wǎng)。
For most people, it's almost impossible to operate a computer without a mouse, let_alone_surf_the_Internet.
[句式集釋]
1．why引導(dǎo)的定語從句
[教材原句]　There are various reasons why　people　write　poetry.
[悟拓展例句]
(1)There are various reasons_why they want to do part-time jobs.
他們想做兼職工作有著各種各樣的原因。
(2)The reason why_he_failed_the_English_exam_was_that he didn't learn it well.
他英語考試不及格的原因是他沒學(xué)好英語。
[析用法規(guī)則]
用法歸納
(1)reason后常常使用why引導(dǎo)的定語從句，意為“……的原因”。
(2)the reason why ... is that ...“……的原因是……”。
注意事項(xiàng)
當(dāng)reason在句中作定語從句的賓語時(shí)，先行詞用that或which，或者省略關(guān)系代詞。
The reason (that/which) he explained to us was that he hadn't read the book before.
[背寫作佳句]
(1)There are some reasons why I'm writing to ask you to do me a favour.(開頭句)
(2)The reason why I have been longing to go to America is that I want to experience American culture, which is believed to be the most diverse in the world.(要點(diǎn)句)
2．with 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)
[教材原句]　With_so_many_different_forms_of_poetry_to_choose_from,_students may eventually want to write poems of their own.
[悟拓展例句]
(1)With a guide to_show (show) us around the scenic spots, we're sure to have a good time.
(2)With several problems remaining (remain) to be solved, we still needed to hold another meeting as soon as possible.
(3)With more and more forests damaged (damage), some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out.
(4)With_John_away,_we've got more room.
約翰離開了，我們有了更多的空間。
[析用法規(guī)則]
用法歸納
(1)with＋賓語＋to do(表示將來的動(dòng)作) (2)with＋賓語＋doing(表示主動(dòng)或進(jìn)行) (3)with＋賓語＋done(表示被動(dòng)或完成) (4)with＋賓語＋介詞短語/adj./adv.
注意事項(xiàng)
with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)除了在句中作狀語外，還可以作定語，如：The man with a book under his arms is our beloved teacher.
[背寫作佳句]
(1)With a vital exam drawing near, I felt so nervous that I even couldn't eat or sleep, thus making me very sleepy in class.(開頭句)
(2)(2018·北京高考書面表達(dá))With their interest greatly sparked, I then began to teach them how to make tea. (要點(diǎn)句)
(3)(2018·北京高考書面表達(dá))Soon the tea room became lively with every international student trying to make their own tea.(要點(diǎn)句)
[詞塊、句式過關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.選詞填空
stay up， try out， let out， hold on， make sense， in particular， take it easy， run out of， be made up of， be popular with
1．You've been working hard for the past week.You must take_it_easy and relax over the weekend.
2．Do remember not to let_out the news.It's between you and me.
3．English weekly is one of the learning materials that are_popular_with middle school students.
4．He has to stay_up late to prepare for the important examination.
5．This passage just didn't make_sense to me, no matter how I read it.
6．Try_out the new medicine for a year and we'll see how well it works.
7．I have something important to say. Please hold_on for a moment.
8．The whole meal was good and the wine in_particular was excellent.
9．They ran_out_of money and had to abandon the project.
10．About five percent of the U．S. population is_made_up_of_American Indians.
Ⅱ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子
1．在這么令人害怕的情況下沒有一個(gè)可以求助的人，她感到很無助。(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))
With_no_one_to_turn_to in such a frightening situation, she felt very helpless.
2．在炎熱的夏天，人們帶傘的原因是暴露在烈日下可能對(duì)皮膚有害。(why引導(dǎo)的定語從句)
The_reason_why_people_carry_umbrellas in hot summer days is that the hot sun may be harmful to the exposed skin.
3．為了實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想，必須要努力使自己具有豐富的知識(shí)，并且設(shè)定一個(gè)容易達(dá)到的目標(biāo)。(be＋adj.＋不定式)
To achieve one's dream, one must make great efforts to equip oneself with rich knowledge and set_a_goal_which_is_easy_to_reach.
4．(2015·天津高考書面表達(dá))我是李津，晨光中學(xué)學(xué)生會(huì)主席。(名詞短語作同位語)
I am Li Jin, chairman_of_the_Students'_Union_of_Chenguang_High_School.
Ⅲ.讀后續(xù)寫
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。
The end of my sophomore year was approaching. Mom called me at the dorm one evening during the last week of May. My summer break would be spent with grandma and grandpa on their farm. I wasn't quite satisfied with the arrangement but guessed it was just one summer. Next year would be my little brother's turn.
I arrived late that afternoon. Grandma had prepared more food than the three of us could possibly eat. However, the next morning, Grandpa prepared breakfast for the two of us. He told me Grandma tired_herself_out yesterday and was going to rest in bed. I made_up_my_mind to be of some help, not be a burden.
Weeks passed. I gradually got_accustomed_to the life there. In the evenings I usually read or talked with Grandma. She never grew tired of hearing about college or anything I was involved in. She told me stories about her childhood, family and the early years after she and Grandpa had married.
The last Saturday in June, Grandpa suggested going_fishing. We hadn't expected what we saw when we got to the_pond that morning: One of the_swans was_dead. Grandpa had given the pair of swans to Grandma on their 50th anniversary. “We can think of buying another one，” I suggested. Grandpa thought for a few moments before answering.
He finally said, “No, it's not that easy. You see, swans mate for life. There's nothing we can do for the one that's left. He has to work it out for_himself.”
A few days later, we found the other swan lying near the same spot where we had found the first one. It, too, was dead.
注意：1.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
2．至少使用5個(gè)短文中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語；
3．續(xù)寫部分分兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好；
4．續(xù)寫完成后，請(qǐng)用下劃線標(biāo)出你所使用的關(guān)鍵詞語。
Paragraph 1：
On July 12, Grandma passed away, who had died suddenly that morning of a stroke. 　

　

Paragraph 2：
Life at college was busy but the days spent with Grandma and Grandpa often appeared in my mind.　

　

[寫作步驟]
第一步：速讀全文
文本大意：這是一個(gè)凄美的故事，講述動(dòng)物之間的生死相依。我大學(xué)二年級(jí)結(jié)束的時(shí)候去外公外婆的農(nóng)場(chǎng)度暑假。有天早晨，外公提議去釣魚。當(dāng)我們到達(dá)池塘的時(shí)候，有一只天鵝死去了！外公說天鵝是從一而終的，因此不能為剩下的這只天鵝做任何事。幾天之后，這只天鵝也死了。后來，外婆永遠(yuǎn)地離開了我們……
敘述意圖：文章告訴我們愛不但要從語言上表達(dá)出來，還要在行動(dòng)上體現(xiàn)出來。
第二步：細(xì)讀全文
1．所給短文情景模式分析。
who
I, Mom, grandma, grandpa
what
I went to my grandparents' farm to spend my summer holidays. Two swans died.
when
the end of my sophomore year
where
on the farm
why
Swans mate for life.

2．對(duì)原文所提供的下劃線詞語進(jìn)行分類。
★人物/動(dòng)物：grandma, the swans
★事件：be dead, the pond, for himself
★動(dòng)作與心理描寫：call, tire herself out, make up one's mind, get accustomed to, go fishing
第三步：精心謀篇
1．Paragraph 1：On July 12, Grandma passed away, who had died suddenly that morning of a stroke.
7月12日，我的外婆永遠(yuǎn)地離開了我們，她是在那天早晨突然中風(fēng)去世的。
[情節(jié)分析]　根據(jù)段首句可知，7月12日那天早上外婆突然中風(fēng)去世了。外公非常悲痛，在外婆葬禮之后，我們勸外公離開農(nóng)場(chǎng)，和我們一起住，但外公舍不得離開。然后我們離開那里，我回到學(xué)校繼續(xù)學(xué)業(yè)。外公并不是那種善于在別人的面前表達(dá)自己的悲痛的人，所以我們都非常擔(dān)心他。
2．Paragraph 2：Life at college was busy but the days spent with Grandma and Grandpa often appeared in my mind. 大學(xué)生活很忙，但和外公外婆在一起的日子經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在我的腦海里。
[情節(jié)分析]　根據(jù)段首句可知，接下來的內(nèi)容是作者想回到外公那里和外公一起生活；根據(jù)全文大意，尤其是天鵝之死，生死相依，外公向作者解釋天鵝是怎么回事，接下來外公也去世了，也死于中風(fēng)，讓作者十分悲痛。作者猛然明白了在和外公一起到池塘邊去釣魚的時(shí)候，外公曾經(jīng)吞吞吐吐地試圖解釋的那個(gè)有關(guān)天鵝的故事的含義。這樣情節(jié)會(huì)顯得完整、緊湊。
第四步：初寫成文
Paragraph 1：
1．也許她太累了，需要一個(gè)永久的睡眠。
Perhaps she had tired herself out and needed_a_permanent_sleep.
2．在她的葬禮后，外公說他已決定自己住在那里，我們應(yīng)該回到自己的生活中去。
After her funeral, Grandpa said that he had decided to live there himself and_that_we_should_get_back_to_our_own_lives.
3．外公不是一個(gè)能在別人面前表現(xiàn)出悲傷的人，我們都為他擔(dān)心。
Grandpa was not a man who could outwardly express his grief around others, and we all worried_about him.
4．當(dāng)我們說再見的時(shí)候，我發(fā)現(xiàn)外公有些不一樣的地方，但我不太明白。
When we said goodbye, I found there_was_something_different about Grandpa but couldn't quite understand it.
Paragraph 2：
5．我多么希望能再次和外公一起去釣魚啊！
How I wish_to_go_fishing again with Grandpa!
6．在十月的一個(gè)暴風(fēng)雨的日子，媽媽打電話到學(xué)校告訴我外公去世了，這讓我非常難過。
Mom called me at school on_a_stormy_October_day to tell me Grandpa had died, and this made me in deep sorrow.
7．外公也死于中風(fēng)，和外婆一樣。
Grandpa also died of a stroke, the_same_as Grandma.
8．就在那一刻，我猛然明白了那天上午在我和外公一起在池塘邊釣魚時(shí)，外公曾經(jīng)吞吞吐吐地試圖向我解釋的那個(gè)有關(guān)天鵝的故事的含義。
At that moment, I suddenly understood what he'd clumsily tried_to_explain_to_me about the swans on that morning when we fished together by the pond.
第五步：潤色升級(jí)
1．用高級(jí)詞匯替換要點(diǎn)2中的decided。
decided→made_up_his_mind
2．用高級(jí)詞匯替換要點(diǎn)4中的understand。
understand→make_out
3．用定語從句改寫要點(diǎn)6。
Mom_called_me_at_school_on_a_stormy_October_day_to_tell_me_Grandpa_had_died,_which_made_me_in_deep_sorrow.
第六步：復(fù)查定稿
Paragraph 1：
On July 12, Grandma passed away, who had died suddenly that morning of a stroke. “Perhaps she had tired_herself_out and needed a permanent sleep，” Grandpa said. After her funeral, Grandpa said that he had made_up_his_mind to live there himself and that we should get back to our own lives. Grandpa was not a man who could outwardly express his grief around others, and we all worried about him. When we said goodbye, I found there was something different about Grandpa but couldn't quite make it out.
Paragraph 2：
Life at college was busy but the days spent with Grandma and Grandpa often appeared in my mind. How I wish to go_fishing again with Grandpa! But Mom called me at school on a stormy October day to tell me Grandpa had died, which made me in deep sorrow. Grandpa also died of a stroke, the same as Grandma. At that moment, I suddenly understood what he'd clumsily tried to explain to me about the_swans on that morning when we fished together by the_pond.

理清句間結(jié)構(gòu)之(四)　因果
因果邏輯關(guān)系很受高考英語命題者的青睞，因?yàn)橐蚬潢U述了兩個(gè)事件或者事實(shí)之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，是作者進(jìn)行分析或者得出結(jié)論的地方。一般來說，考查因果關(guān)系的題目有兩種形式，給出原因推結(jié)果或是給出結(jié)果找原因。命題者為了考查考生的閱讀能力和邏輯分析能力，經(jīng)常會(huì)將因果顛倒，考生需要注意辨別實(shí)際的因果關(guān)系，防止受到迷惑。
表示因果關(guān)系的詞語有：because, because of, for, since, due to, thanks to, as a result of, as, so, thus, therefore, consequently, in consequence, as a result, result from, result in, cause, lead to, attribute ...to等。有時(shí)候文章中雖然沒有出現(xiàn)表示因果關(guān)系的標(biāo)志性詞語，但是在邏輯上也存在著因果關(guān)系，這個(gè)時(shí)候考生就需要自己進(jìn)行判斷和推理。
[高考典例1]　2013·全國卷Ⅱ·閱讀七選五
If you find a public speaking course that looks as though it's going to give you lots of dos and don'ts, walk away! Your brain is so full of what you're going to be talking about. __54__. As far as we're concerned, there are basically no hard and fast rules about public speaking.Your audience can be your friends.
A．You aren't like anybody else
B．You already do lots of things well
C．Turn your back on too many rules
D．Check the rules about dos and don'ts
E．Whatever the presentation, public speaking is tough
F．The one thing you don't want is for them to fall asleep
G．So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worse
[分析]　分析空格前后內(nèi)容可知，空格處與前文為因果關(guān)系?？崭袂懊嬉痪洹癥our brain is so full of what you're going to be talking about.(你的大腦充滿了要談的內(nèi)容。)”表示原因，因此空格處應(yīng)填表示結(jié)果的選項(xiàng)，而G項(xiàng)中的So在此處表示結(jié)果。故選G項(xiàng)。
[高考典例2]　2013·重慶卷·B篇
One of the greatest gifts one generation can give to other generations is the wisdom it has gained from experience.This idea has inspired the award-winning photographer Andrew Zuckerman.He interviewed and took photos of fifty over-sixty-five-year-olds all over the world.His project explores various aspects of their lives.The photos and interviews are now available on our website.
Q：Why did Andrew Zuckerman choose the fifty elders for his project?
A．Because their wisdom deserves to be passed on.
B．Because they are physically impressive.
C．Because their accomplishments inspired him.
D．Because they have similar experiences.
[分析]　本題是在因果關(guān)系處設(shè)題。根據(jù)文章第一句話“One of the greatest gifts one generation can give to other generations is the wisdom it has gained from experience.”可知，這些老人的智慧是他們給下一代的禮物，所以值得傳遞下去。故選A項(xiàng)。
[高考典例3]　2014·安徽卷·完形填空
In 2012, I had just recovered from a serious illness when I received an invitation to a writer's conference in Orlando, Florida. My family persuaded me that a 36(holiday) might be just what the doctor ordered, so off I __37__.
37．A.kept　　　　　　　　　　B．went
C．dropped D．knocked
[分析]　通過首句可知，本文為記敘文，作者講述了自己2012年到佛羅里達(dá)州的奧蘭多參加作家研討會(huì)的故事。37題前面有so，前后為因果關(guān)系，當(dāng)然是went off(離開)。