2019～2020學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高三期中調(diào)研試卷
英語試題
注意事項：
1. 本試卷分為第I卷(選擇題)和第II卷(非選擇題)，滿分120分?？荚嚂r間120分鐘。
2. 請將第I卷的答案填涂在答題卡上，第II卷請直接在答題卡上規(guī)定的地方作答。答題前，務(wù)必將自己的學(xué)校、姓名、考試號等相關(guān)信息寫在答題卡上規(guī)定的地方。
第I卷 (選擇題，共80分)
第一部分：聽力理解 (共兩節(jié)，滿分15分)
做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。
第一節(jié) (共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分)
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
1. What is the man planning to do?
A. Make some cheese. B. Go on a trip. C. Find a job in Paris.
2. What's the reason for the headache according to the woman?
A. Lack of sleep. B. Too much aspirin. C. Too much sunlight.
3. What does the man want to do?
A. Reserve a cheap hotel. B. Go to Mexico on business. C. Relax and enjoy himself.
4. What will the woman get?
A. Carpet cleaner. B. A paper towel. C. A glass of wine.
5. Where is the Blue Ocean Restaurant?
A. Beside the Blue Sky Restaurant.
B. Opposite the Blue Sky Restaurant.
C. Opposite the Blue Bay Restaurant.
第二節(jié) (共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)
聽下面4段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽第6 段材料，回答第6、7題。
6. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Schoolmates. B. Colleagues. C. Roommates.
7. What does Frank plan to do right after graduation?
A. Work as a programmer.
B. Travel around the world.
C. Start his own business.
聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。
8. Why will the man go to Beijing?
A. To have a holiday. B. To attend a meeting. C. To visit a French company.
9. When will the speakers have dinner together?
A. On June 20th. B. On June 21st. C. On June 22nd.
聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。
10. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a car shop. B. In a car company. C. In a car race.
11. What kind of car is Schumacher driving?
A. Ferrari 248F1. B. Ferrari 284F1. C. Maserati 248F1.
12. What can we learn from the conversation?
A. The man is a boss of a big car company.
B. The man's company only sells Ferrari sports cars.
C. The man has chances to meet famous racing drivers.
聽第9段材料，回答第13至15題。
13. When did the speaker forget the next day’s math test because of a game?
A. In the 8th grade. B. In the 9th grade. C. In the 10th grade.
14. Who made the speaker more determined to change?
A. His parents. B. His brother. C. His tutor.
15. What probably happened to the speaker at the end of high school?
A. He got a computer programming job.
B. He became a private tutor.
C. He got an acceptance letter to MIT.
第二部分：英語知識運用 (共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)
第一節(jié) 單項填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）
請認真閱讀下面各題，從題中所給的A、 B、 C、D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
1.Lady Gaga was reported _____ an Oscar Award in 2019 for the Best Original Song Shallow in the film A Star Is Born.
A. to award B. awarding C. to have been awarded D. being awarded
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：據(jù)報道Lady Gaga因電影A Star Is Born中的歌曲《shallow》被授予2019奧斯卡最佳原創(chuàng)歌曲。sb. be reported to do sth.“某人被報道去做某事”。因為獲獎發(fā)生在報道之前，所以應(yīng)該用不定式的完成形式，award和Lady Gaga是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用不定式的被動形式。故選C。
2.If violence is not kept in check by bringing the guilty to ____, matters will go beyond what the public can tolerate.
A. equality B. justice C. regulation D. liberation
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果不能通過將罪犯繩之以法來制止暴力，事情將超出公眾所能忍受的范圍。A. equality平等；B. justice正義；C. regulation管理；D. liberation解放。根據(jù)句意及選項可知，此處使用名詞justice。故選B。
3.---Have you worked out your plan?
---We have got a general idea of what we want, but nothing _____ at the moment.
A. ambiguous B. permanent C. concrete D. ambitious
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：—你已經(jīng)制定出你的計劃了嗎？—我們已經(jīng)得到了我們所想要的重新思路，但是現(xiàn)在還沒有具體的計劃。A. ambiguous模棱兩可的；B. permanent永久的；C. concrete具體的；D. ambitious野心勃勃的。根據(jù)句意及選項可知，此處使用形容詞ambitious。故選C。
4.(2018·北京) In today’s information age, the loss of data _________ cause serious problems for a company.
A. need B. should
C. can D. must
【答案】C
【解析】
考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：在今天的信息時代，數(shù)據(jù)的丟失有時會對一個公司造成嚴重的問題。數(shù)據(jù)丟失造成嚴重問題是客觀上會發(fā)生的情況，即“客觀可能性”，故該空應(yīng)用情態(tài)動詞can。C選項正確。其余情態(tài)動詞均沒有該用法。need需要；should應(yīng)該，竟然；must必須，肯定。
點睛：can的基本用法：1. (表示能力、功能)能，會；2. (表示推測)可能，可能會；3.（表示允許，請求）可以；4.（表示客觀可能性）有時會。
5._____ the station in India, which has the most female commercial pilots around the world, Chinese airlines are struggling with an acute female pilot shortage.
A. In contrast to B. On account of C. With regard to D. In response to
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查短語辨析。句意：全球范圍內(nèi)，印度有最多的女性商業(yè)飛行員，與之相反，中國的航空公司正面臨女性飛行員短缺的問題。A. In contrast to與……相反；B. On account of由于；C. With regard to 至于；D. In response to回應(yīng)。根據(jù)句意可知，前后是對比關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用in contrast to。故選A。
6.Patients should fight a mental battle against their disease bravely rather than_____ them.
A. subscribe to B. contribute to C. submit to D. apply to
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：病人應(yīng)當與他們的疾病勇敢地做心理斗爭而不是屈服于他們。A. subscribe to訂閱、同意、捐款；B. contribute to為……做貢獻；C. submit to提交、屈從；D. apply to應(yīng)用于。根據(jù)句意及選項可知，此處使用短語submit to。故選C。
7.As we know, it will still be some years before all the metro lines in Suzhou _____ into operation.
A. will be put B. are put C. will have been put D. are being put
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：據(jù)我們所知，距離蘇州所有的地鐵線路投入使用還有好幾年。all the metro lines與putinto operation是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用被動語態(tài)；在時間狀語從句中，主句是一般將來時，遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”的原則，所以從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。故選B。
8._____ you receive my e-mail informing you of my absence, expect me on Friday at about 6 p.m.
A. Unless B. Until C. While D. Although
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查狀語從句。句意：除非你收到我的郵件，告知你我屆時缺席，否則星期五下午六點左右等我。A. Unless除非；B. Until直到；C. While在……期間；D. Although盡管。根據(jù)句意可知，A項與語境相符。故選A
9.The 70th anniversary military parade demonstrates the fact to the whole world _____ China has made great progress in the past few decades.
A. where B. which C. why D. that
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查同位語從句。句意：70周年大閱兵向世界證明了這個事實，中國在過去的二十年里取得了巨大的進步。分析句子成分可知，設(shè)空后的句子是對the fact的解釋說明，是同位語從句，從句成分齊全，應(yīng)使用只起引導(dǎo)作用、無句意的關(guān)系詞that引導(dǎo)。故選D。
【點睛】1.同位語從句通常對前面的名詞起補充解釋作用，兩者之間是同位關(guān)系；而定語從句是用來說明先行詞的性質(zhì)或特征，起修飾或限制作用，兩者之間是修飾與被修飾的關(guān)系。例如：同位語從句——The fact that there no lives on the Mars is known to all of us.眾所周知，火星上沒有生命。
定語從句——The news that you read is uncertain.你讀到的那則新聞是不確定的。
2.在同位語從句中，that是從屬連詞，在句中只起到引導(dǎo)作用，沒有具體的意義，且不做任何成分，但不能省略，也不可用which代替；而在定語從句中，that是關(guān)系代詞，它在從句中不但起連接作用，還在句中做主語、賓語或表語。做賓語時可省略，指物時還可以用which代替，指人時?？梢杂脀ho代替。例如：同位語從句——The requirement that we should obey the school rules is known to us.遵守校規(guī)這個要求我們都清楚。
定語從句——Those school rules (that) the headmaster put forward is known to us.校長提出的這些校規(guī)大家都清楚。
3. 當when/why/where/how等引導(dǎo)同位語從句時，它們?yōu)檫B接副詞，雖在句子中充當句子成分，但前面沒有與其意義相同的先行詞；而在定語從句中when/why/where/為關(guān)系副詞，在其前面分別有表示時間、原因、地點的名詞作先行詞。例如：同位語從句——They raised the question where they would get the books.他提出了我們到哪里去拿書的問題。
定語從句——That's the reason why she failed this exam.那就是他考試失敗的原因。
10.Yesterday, Jane walked away from the heated discussion. Otherwise, she _____ something arbitrary that she would regret forever.
A. must have said B. said C. might say D. might have said
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查虛擬語氣。句意：昨天Jane離開了那場熱烈的討論，否則她可能會說一些讓她永遠遺憾的武斷的話。otherwise在此相當于if she had not walked away from the discussion，即暗示一個與過去事實相反的虛擬條件句，所以主句要用should/would/could/might+have done。故選D。
11.When asked about that horrible experience, Sue told me that so ______ in the darkness at that time that she didn't dare to move an inch.
A. she was scared B. was she scared C. scared she was D. scared was she
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查倒裝句。句意：當被問起那可怕的經(jīng)歷，Sue告訴我黑暗中她特別害怕，以至于不敢移動。so+adj. / adv.位于句首時，其后的句子用部分倒裝。故選D。
12.As is often the case, there are always some barriers in the way, something _____ before we realize the real goal of our life.
A. to be got through B. got through C. getting through D. having been got through
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：通常情況下，在我們實現(xiàn)生活真正的目標前，我們的道路上會有一些必須要通過的障礙。本句是不定式作定語，修飾不定代詞something，表示即將發(fā)生的事情，且形成被動關(guān)系，要用to be done結(jié)構(gòu)。故選A。
13.The sharpest earthquake and the suffering _____brought about have had a lasting effect on the local people's life ever since.
A it B. which C. what D. that
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查代詞。句意：這劇烈的地震和它帶來的苦難，對當?shù)厝嗣裆顜砹饲八从械某掷m(xù)影響。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處與brought about構(gòu)成定語從句，修飾The sharpest earthquake and the suffering，關(guān)系詞在從句中做賓語，已被省略，這里it指代earthquake，在從句中做主語。故選A。
14.Tom did not _____easily, but was willing to accept any helpful advice for a worthy cause.
A. approach B. wrestle C. compromise D. communicate
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查動詞辨析。句意：Tom不輕易妥協(xié)，但是為了一份有價值的事業(yè)他愿意接受有益的意見。A. approach接近；B. wrestle搏斗；C. compromise妥協(xié)；D. communicate交流。根據(jù)句意及選項可知，C項符合語境。故選C。
15.—I’m burnt out as I’ve been working on my essay all the time.
— ____________. You’ll surely make it.
A. Don’t put on airs B. Give me a break
C. Don’t get on my nerve D. Hang in there
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查情景對話。句意：——我一直在寫論文，累壞了?！獔猿窒氯ァＤ阋欢〞晒Φ?。A. Don’t put on airs不要擺架子；B. Give me a break讓我休息一下；C. Don’t get on my nerve別惹我生氣；D. Hang in there堅持下去。根據(jù)You’ll surely make it.可知這里意思是堅持下去，故選D。
第二節(jié) 完形填空（共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分）
請認真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
It was our first Thanksgiving in the new house and I wanted everything to be perfect. But my plan for everyone to contribute some preparation work had been ____16____ by my husband's business trip. Even worse, a critical project for me that week had____17____two days of planned vacation. By Wednesday, my vision of a table with fresh flowers, ____18____drinking glasses and various homemade desserts had already____19____ away, I just hoped that I'd find a clean tablecloth and eight____20____forks.
In my perfect Thanksgiving, there wouldn't be any orange in my salad because It hadn't made the grocery list. There would be no perfect family photos to record that day because I hadn't got the broken camera____21____. Someone had brought home the wrong toilet paper, which was the last straw that made me____22____.
I don’t remember what my son asked me as he was vacuuming（吸塵）, ___23___I do remember twisting into that mean-and-tight mom-face before barking out an ___24___. This combination of noise and anger is a universal signal to kids everywhere that they might as well _____25_____ me. But he didn’t.
Instead of disappearing from view, my second-grader turned _____26_____ the vacuum and walked across the room to_____27_____me. He never said a word. He just_____28_____ his arms around me, making me feel _____29_____of myself until today.
It turned out a(n)_____30_____ Thanksgiving. The people I loved gathered around my table and dined just one choice of the pie. My dad used a mismatched fork without _____31_____. My daughter drew a picture of us where everyone smiled.
My son took a(n)_____32_____ to teach me that sometimes we need a hug most when we are _____33_____huggable. This is the best gift you can give. One size_____34_____ all and no one ever minds if you _____35_____ .
16. A. damaged B. ruined C. destroyed D. robbed
17. A. claimed B. offered C. saved D. spared
18. A. useful B. rough C. delicate D. ordinary
19. A. melted B. turned C. given D. come
20. A. amazing B. amusing C. satisfying D. matching
21. A. developed B. fixed C. delivered D. hired
22. A. defend B. compromise C. sigh D. explode
23. A. but B. so C. for D. until
24. A. excuse B. apology C. order D. answer
25. A. criticize B. praise C. avoid D. comfort
26. A. on B. up C. off D. away
27. A. challenge B. face C. question D. trick
28. A. crossed B. raised C. bent D. wrapped
29. A. proud B. ashamed C. confident D. astonished
30. A. fashionable B. disappointing C. perfect D. effective
31. A. hesitation B. doubt C. complaint D. permission
32. A. risk B. break C. opportunity D. lead
33. A. most B. worst C. best D. least
34. A. fits B. goes C. agrees D. matches
35. A. receive B. return C. recover D. remind
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. C 19. A 20. D 21. B 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇記敘文。作者想在新家過的第一個完美的感恩節(jié)，但是她的丈夫出差了、一個重要的項目又占用了她兩天的假期。她對完美感恩節(jié)的幻想逐漸消失，很多事情也變得不順利，她終于發(fā)飆了。面對生氣的作者，她的兒子沒有選擇回避，而是給了她一個緊緊地擁抱。這讓她明白了有時候我們最不喜歡擁抱的時候，卻最需要擁抱。
【16題詳解】
考查動詞辨析。句意：但是，我讓每個人都做一些準備工作的計劃被我丈夫的出差給毀了。A. damaged損害；B. ruined毀壞；C. destroyed破壞；D. robbed搶劫。由下句even worse推測可知，我為感恩節(jié)所做的準備工作被我老公的出差毀掉了。故選B。
【17題詳解】
考查動詞辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，那一周我的一個重要項目占用了我兩天的假期。A. claimed奪去；B. offered提供；C. saved節(jié)約；D. spared抽出。根據(jù)even worse可知，一個重要的項目又占用了我兩天的假期。故選A。
【18題詳解】
考查形容詞辨析。句意：到星期三，我對擺滿鮮花、精致的酒杯和各種自制甜點的幻想已經(jīng)消失了，我只希望能找到一塊干凈的桌布和8把配套的餐叉。A. useful有用的；B. rough粗糙的；C. delicate精致的；D. ordinary普通的。根據(jù)上文It was our first Thanksgiving in the new house and 1 wanted everything to be perfect.可知，此處應(yīng)指“精致的酒杯”。故選C。
【19題詳解】
考查動詞（短語）辨析。句意：到星期三，我對擺滿鮮花、精致的酒杯和各種自制甜點的幻想已經(jīng)消失了，我只希望能找到一塊干凈的桌布和8把配套的餐叉。A. melted away消失；B. turned away走開；C. given away泄露；D. come away離開。根據(jù)下文I just hoped that I'd find a clean tablecloth可知，我對完美感恩節(jié)的幻想已經(jīng)消失了。故選A。
【20題詳解】
考查形容詞辨析。句意：到星期三，我對擺滿鮮花、精致的酒杯和各種自制甜點的幻想已經(jīng)消失了，我只希望能找到一塊干凈的桌布和8把配套的餐叉。A. amazing令人驚異的；B. amusing有趣的；C. satisfying滿意的；D. matching配套的。根據(jù)上文I just hoped that I'd find a clean tablecloth及空后forks可知，此處指“8把配套的餐叉”。故選D。
【21題詳解】
考查動詞辨析。句意：沒有完美的全家福照片來記錄那一天，因為我沒有把壞了的相機修好。A. developed發(fā)展；B. fixed修理；C. delivered遞送；D. hired雇傭。根據(jù)上文There would be no perfect family photos to record that day可知，我沒有把壞了的相機修好。故選B。
【22題詳解】
考查動詞辨析。句意：有人把錯誤的衛(wèi)生紙帶回家了，這是讓我無法忍受的最后一根稻草。A. defend防衛(wèi)；B. compromise妥協(xié)；C. sigh嘆氣；D. explode爆發(fā)?？吹街T事不順，我爆發(fā)了。故選D。
【23題詳解】
考查連詞辨析。句意：我不記得我兒子在用吸塵器打掃房間時問了我什么，但我確實記得在大聲回答之前，我把臉扭到那個吝嗇而又緊繃的媽媽臉上。A. but但是；B. so因此；C. for因為；D. until直到。根據(jù)句意可知，此處存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞。故選A。
【24題詳解】
考查名詞辨析。句意：我不記得我兒子在用吸塵器打掃房間時問了我什么，但我確實記得在大聲回答之前，我的臉扭曲到那個吝嗇而又緊繃的媽媽臉上。A. excuse理由；B. apology道歉；C. order命令；D. answer回答。我兒子問我問題，我很生氣地給他一個大聲的回答。故選D。
【25題詳解】
考查動詞辨析。句意：這種噪音和憤怒的結(jié)合是一個普遍的信號，對任何地方的孩子來說，他們可能也會避開我。A. criticize批評；B. praise表揚；C. avoid避開；D. comfort安慰。我當時臉色如此難看，任何孩子都會對我退避三舍。故選C。
【26題詳解】
考查動詞（短語）辨析。句意：我的二年級的兒子沒有從視線中消失，而是關(guān)掉了吸塵器，穿過房間走向我。A. turn on打開；B. turn up調(diào)高；C. turn off關(guān)閉；D. turn away走開。根據(jù)句意可知，兒子沒有選擇回避，他關(guān)掉了吸塵器，走向了我。故選C。
【27題詳解】
考查動詞辨析。句意：我的二年級的兒子沒有從視線中消失，而是關(guān)掉了吸塵器，穿過房間走向我。A. challenge挑戰(zhàn)；B. face面對；C. question詢問；D. trick欺騙。我兒子面對我的生氣還有發(fā)飆，沒有選擇回避，選擇了勇敢面對。故選B。
【28題詳解】
考查動詞辨析。句意：只是把他的胳膊摟在我身上，直到今天我還為自己感到羞愧。A. crossed穿過；B. raised舉起；C. bent彎曲；D. wrapped包，纏繞。根據(jù)下文his arms around me可知，兒子只是把他的胳膊摟在我身上。故選D。
【29題詳解】
考查形容詞辨析。句意：只是把他的胳膊摟在我身上，直到今天我還為自己感到羞愧。A. proud自豪的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. confident自信的；D. astonished震驚的。我表現(xiàn)如此之差，但是我的兒子如此包容，我對自己的易怒感到羞愧。故選B。
30題詳解】
考查形容詞辨析。句意：這個感恩節(jié)結(jié)果是完美的。A. fashionable時尚的；B. disappointing令人失望的；C. perfect完美的；D. effective有效的。根據(jù)下文The people I loved gathered around my table and dined just one choice of the pie.可知，因為有我愛的人聚集在我的身旁，所以這是個完美的感恩節(jié)。故選C。
【31題詳解】
考查名詞辨析。句意：我父親拿了一雙不匹配的刀叉，但是沒有任何抱怨。A. hesitation猶豫；B. doubt懷疑；C. complaint抱怨；D. permission許可。根據(jù)下文My daughter drew a picture of us where everyone smiled.可知，盡管父親拿了一雙不匹配的刀叉，但是沒有任何抱怨，整個的氣氛很快樂。故選C。
【32題詳解】
考查名詞辨析。句意：兒子冒著風(fēng)險告訴我一個道理，有時候我們最不喜歡擁抱的時候，卻最需要擁抱。A. risk冒險；B. break休息；C. opportunity機會；D. lead榜樣。因為我當時生氣，很有可能會揍我兒子一頓，所以我兒子臨危不懼，冒著風(fēng)險來抱了我。故選A。
【33題詳解】
考查副詞辨析。句意：兒子冒著風(fēng)險告訴我一個道理，有時候我們最不喜歡擁抱的時候，卻最需要擁抱。A. most最，非常；B. worst最壞地；C. best最好地；D. least最少。我當時生氣，也不適合抱抱，應(yīng)該是least huggable“最不適合擁抱的”。故選D。
【34題詳解】
考查動詞辨析。句意：這是一顆萬能藥，沒有介意你是否還禮。A. fits適合；B. goes走；C. agrees同意；D. matches匹配。one size fits for all“放之四海而皆準的，萬能藥”。故選A。
【35題詳解】
考查動詞辨析。句意：這是一顆萬能藥，沒有介意你是否還禮。A. receive收到；B. return歸還，以……相報；C. recover恢復(fù)；D. remind提醒。這里是同類相關(guān)詞，你收了別人的禮物，而且沒有人在乎，你會不會還禮，這里其實是一種比喻的修辭，感恩節(jié)我兒子送了我一個擁抱，其實他也不期待我還給他擁抱。故選B。
【點睛】完形填空的解題技巧之一就是要根據(jù)上下文來學(xué)會“推理”出最佳選項。同學(xué)們要遵循“上下求索”的原則來查找信息。例如，第3小題要求判斷出什么樣的酒杯。該題可根據(jù)上文It was our first Thanksgiving in the new house and 1 wanted everything to be perfect.可知，作者想要在新家過一個完美的感恩節(jié)，所以此處應(yīng)指“精致的酒杯”。
第三部分：閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）
請認真閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
A
Fallingwater is a house built over a waterfall in Southwestern Pennsylvania. Frank Lloyd Wright, America’s most famous architect, designed the house in 1935. It instantly became famous, and today it is a National Historic Landmark.
In-Depth Tour
The tour is best if you desire a greater understanding of what Wright was seeking to create with his masterwork. The number of visitors on each tour is limited and photography is permitted for personal use only. Children nine years and older may be accompanied by adults on this tour.
$65.00 per person (Available by advance ticket purchase only)
Daily from 10:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.
Guided House Tour
This tour features all the major rooms of the house and lasts about one hour. Photography is not permitted during this tour. The Guided House Tour allows children six-year-old and older to enjoy the house with their parents.
Adults —$20.00 with advance purchase
— $23.00 when purchased on site
Youth (aged 6-12) —$14.00 with advance purchase
—$17.00 when purchased on site
Brunch (早午餐)Tour
The guests join their guide for brunch before they leave. Children nine years and older may be accompanied by adults on this tour. Please allow three hours in total for this experience.

$115.00 per person (Available by advance ticket purchase only)
May through September- Saturdays & Sundays at 9:00 a.m.
36. What can we know about In-Depth Tour?
A. The ticket is available on site. B. It is not available at 9:30 a.m.
C. Visitors are forbidden to take photos. D. The number of visitors is not limited.
37. How much will a couple with a girl aged 8 pay if they buy the Guided House Tour tickets in
advance?
A. $34 B. $63.
C $40. D. $54.
【答案】36. B 37. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是說明文。文章介紹了一棟建在賓夕法尼亞州西南部瀑布上的房子——流水別墅（Fallingwater）。
【36題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)In-Depth Tour中的Daily from 10:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.可知，In-Depth Tour在每日上午十時至下午四時之間開放。由此可知，早上9:30是不開放的。故選B。
【37題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Guided House Tour中的Adults —$20.00 with advance purchase（成人- $20.00，預(yù)購）及Youth (aged 6-12) —$14.00 with advance purchase（6-12歲的青少年- $14.00，預(yù)購），由此可知，一對夫婦帶著一個8歲的女孩買導(dǎo)游房的門票需要花費$20.00*2 +$14.00=$54.00。故選D。
【點睛】做細節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進行比較，再做出正確選擇。在做推理判斷題時不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實，要根據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷。如第1小題，要求判斷出In-Depth Tour的一些細節(jié)信息。根據(jù)In-Depth Tour中的Daily from 10:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.可知，In-Depth Tour在每日上午十時至下午四時之間開放。由此可知，早上9:30是不開放的。故選B。
B
For most of us, work is the central, dominating fact of life. We spend more than half our conscious hours at work, preparing for work, traveling to and from work. What we do there largely determines our standard of living and our status to a considerable extent. It is sometimes said that because leisure has become more important, the injustices of work can be pushed into a corner, and that because most work is pretty intolerable, the people who do it should compensate for its boredom, frustrations and humiliations by concentrating their hopes on the other parts of their lives. For the foreseeable future, however, the material and psychological rewards which work can provide will continue to play a vital part in determining the satisfaction that life can offer.
Yet only a small minority can control the pace at which they work or the conditions where their work is done; only for a small minority does work offer scope for creativity, imagination or initiative.
Inequality at work is still one of the most glaring (明顯的) forms of inequality in our society. We cannot hope to solve the more obvious problems of industrial life, many of which arise from the frustrations created by inequality at work, unless we handle it determinedly.
The most glaring inequality is that between managers and the rest. For most managers, work is an opportunity and a challenge. Their jobs engage their interest and allow them to develop their abilities. They are constantly learning. They are able to exercise responsibility. They have a considerable degree of control over their own and others’ working lives. Most important of all, they have opportunities to initiate. By contrast, for most manual workers, work is a boring, dull, even painful experience. They spend all their working lives in intolerable conditions. The majority have little control over their work. It provides them with no opportunity for personal development. Many jobs are so routine that workers feel themselves to be mere cogs (齒輪) in the bureaucratic machine. As a direct consequence of their work experience, many workers feel alienated (疏遠) from their work and their firm.
38. In the writer’s opinion, people judge others mainly by ________.
A. the type of work they do B. the place where they work
C. the time they spend at work D. the amount of money they earn
39. According to the writer, to solve problems in an industrial society, we ________.
A. should create more working opportunities for the poor
B. have to get rid of the unequal aspects in work
C. had better cancel all managing positions in a company
D. should encourage the manual workers to promote efficiency
40. What advantage does the writer say managers have over workers?
A. They won’t be out of work.
B. They get time off to learn constantly.
C. They can work at what interests them.
D. They have complete control over themselves.
【答案】38. A 39. B 40. C
【解析】
本文是議論文。工作的人們生活的中心和主導(dǎo)，工作也給人們帶來很多的問題。文章論述了這些問題。
【38題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的第二句話What we do there largely determines our standard of living and our status to a considerable extent.（我們在那里的所作所為在很大程度上決定了我們的生活水平和地位）可推知，別人會根據(jù)我們的工作來評判我們。故選A。
【39題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的We cannot hope to solve the more obvious problems of industrial life, many of which arise from the frustrations created by inequality at work, unless we handle it determinedly.（我們不能指望解決工業(yè)生活中更明顯的問題，其中許多問題是由工作中的不平等造成的挫折引起的，除非我們堅決地處理它）可知，我們的工作存在很多不公平的現(xiàn)象，除非我們堅決抵制。這里inequality 與 unequal同義替換，handle it determinedly與get rid of 同義替換。故選B。
40題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Their jobs engage their interest and allow them to develop their abilities.（他們的工作激發(fā)了他們的興趣，使他們得以發(fā)展自己的能力）可知，他們可以從事自己感興趣的工作。A選項無中生有，B選項沒有說they will get time off, D選項原文是to a large extent而非complete control.故選C。
C
It started during a yoga class. She felt a strange pull on her neck, a feeling completely foreign to her. Her friend suggested she rush to the emergency room. It turned out that she was having a heart attack.
She didn’t share similar symptoms with someone who was likely to have a heart attack. She exercised, watched her plate and did not smoke. But on reviewing her medical history, I found that her cholesterol (膽固醇) level was sky-high. She had been prescribed a cholesterol-lowering statin (他汀) medication, but she never picked up the prescription because of the scary things she had read about statins on the Internet. She was the victim of fake medical news.
While misinformation has been the object of great attention in politics, medical misinformation might lead to an increase in deaths. As is true with fake news in general, medical lies tend to spread further than truths on the Internet—and they have very real bad consequences.
False medical information can also lead to patients experiencing greater side effects through the “nocebo effect (反安慰劑效應(yīng)) ”. Sometimes patients benefit from an intervention (干預(yù)) simply because they believe they will—that’s the placebo effect (安慰劑效應(yīng)) . The nocebo effect is the opposite. Patients can experience harmful effects because they anticipate them. This is very true of statins. In blinded trials, patients who get statins are no more likely to report feeling muscle aches than patients who get a placebo. Yet, in clinical practice, according to one study, almost a fifth of patients taking statins report side effects, leading many to discontinue the drugs.
What else is on the fake news hit list? As always, vaccines (疫苗) . False concerns that the vaccine may cause side effects have greatly reduced coverage rates.
Cancer is another big target for pushers of medical misinformation—many of whom refuse alternative therapies. “Though most people think cancer tumors are bad, they’re actually the way your body attempts to contain the harmful cells,” one fake news story reads. It warns that prescription medications lead to the uncontrolled cell mutations (變異) .
Silicon Valley needs to face this problem. I am not a free-speech lawyer, but when human health is at risk, perhaps search engines, social media platforms and websites should be held responsible for promoting or hosting fake information. Meanwhile, journalists should do a better job of spreading accurate information.
41. We can learn from Paragraph 2 that ________.
A. the woman paid little attention to her daily diets
B. the unhealthy lifestyle might lead to the woman’s heart attack
C. the symptom of the heart attack was familiar to the woman
D. the woman didn’t take the prescription due to fake medical news
42. According to the passage, the placebo effect functions because patients ________.
A. neglect necessary treatment B. discontinue the harmful drugs
C. believe the benefits of an intervention D. suffer more side effects
43. What does the author mean by claiming that “he is not a free-speech lawyer” in the last paragraph?
A. He is a lawyer very easy to speak to.
B. He is good at speaking because of his job.
C. He is available to give a speech on the law.
D. He is very cautious when speaking something
44. The main purpose of the passage is to ________.
A. remind us to take medication as prescribed
B. warn us against fake medical news on the Internet
C. encourage journalists to report more positive news events
D. teach us how to distinguish fake medical news on the Internet
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. D 44. B
【解析】
本文是議論文。文章通過舉例來論證了網(wǎng)絡(luò)謠言，尤其是關(guān)于藥物的網(wǎng)絡(luò)謠言有巨大的殺傷力。
【41題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。首先我們找到第二段，A選項說她不注意她的日常飲食，根據(jù)第二段第二行中She exercised, watched her plate and did no smoke.可知該選項錯誤。BC選項無中生有。D選項在文中第二段倒數(shù)第一行和第二行。she never picked up the prescription because of the scary things she had read about stains on the Internet.（她從來沒有拿過這個處方，因為她在網(wǎng)上看到關(guān)于他汀的可怕事情）可知，由于虛假的醫(yī)療信息，這名女子沒有服用那個處方藥。故選D。
【42題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。首先找到定位詞“placebo effect”然后定位到文中第四段Sometimes patients benefit from an intervention simply because they believe they will— that’s the placebo effect.（有時患者從干預(yù)中獲益僅僅是因為他們相信他們會——這就是安慰劑效應(yīng)）由此可知，安慰劑效應(yīng)的作用是因為患者相信干預(yù)的好處。故選C。
【43題詳解】
詞義猜測題。定位到最后一段中的I am not a free-speech lawyer, but when human health is at risk,perhaps search engines, social media platforms and websites should be held responsible for promoting or hosting fake information.（我不是一個言論自由的律師，但當人類健康受到威脅時，或許搜索引擎、社交媒體平臺和網(wǎng)站應(yīng)該為推廣或提供虛假信息負責(zé)），句中的perhaps可知，他不贊成隨口造謠、傳謠的，同時他說話很謹慎。故選D。
【44題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的As is true with fake news in general, medical lies tend to spread further than truths on the Internet—and they have very real bad consequences.（就像假新聞一樣，醫(yī)絡(luò)上傳播得比真相還遠，而且后果非常嚴重）及文章中的例子可知，全文的主要目的是通過舉例來論證了網(wǎng)絡(luò)謠言，尤其是關(guān)于藥物的網(wǎng)絡(luò)謠言有巨大的殺傷力，來教我們?nèi)绾伪鎰e網(wǎng)上的假醫(yī)療新聞。A選項不是主題，只是第二段中提到的分支。C選項只有最后一段提到。D選項錯誤，并沒有教我們區(qū)分假消息。故選B。
D
A story posted by The New York Post Monday tells the tale of Katrina Holte, a Hillsboro woman who quit her job to cosplay a 1950s housewife.
Let me start by expressing admiration to Holte for using her 2019 freedoms to follow her 1950s dreams. Everyone should be so lucky as to get to decide what they wear and how they spend their time. That’s the future our foremothers fought for.
But as much fun as I am sure she is having living a vintage (復(fù)古的) life, which literally includes watching shows like “I Love Lucy” and listening to vinyl recordings (刻錄碟片) , I think it’s important to remember that being a 1950s housewife was actually totally awful, and something our grandmothers and mothers fought against.
For example, once I called my grandma and asked her for her recipe for Cloud Biscuits, these delicious biscuits she used to make that we would cover with butter and homemade raspberry jam on Thanksgiving.
“Why would you want that?” she said. “Go to the store. Go to the freezer section. Buy some pre-made biscuits and put them in the oven.”
She straight-up refused to give me the recipe, because it was hard and took a long time to make. In her mind, it was a waste of time.
Getting off the phone, it occurred to me that spending every day of your life serving a husband and five children wasn’t fun at all. And then there are the grandchildren who eventually come along demanding Cloud Biscuits, a whole new expanded set of people to feed.
She was basically a slave to those hungry mouths, cooking scratch meals three times a day
When she wasn’t trapped in the kitchen, she had to keep the house clean, make sure she looked good enough to be socially acceptable, and make sure her kids and husband looked good enough to be socially acceptable. And she had no days off.
I know my grandma loves her kids and her grandkids, her husband and the life she led, but man, it must have been a lot of thankless, mindless labor.
No wonder everyone went all-in on processed foods when they came around. Imagine the nice break something like a microwave dinner would give a woman working, unpaid, for her family every single day?
I also had another grandma. She was a scholar who helped found the Center for the Study of Women in Society at University of Oregon. She was a pioneering second-wave feminist who wrote books, gave lectures and traveled the world.
But, she did all of that after divorcing my grandpa, when most of her kids were out of the house. Back then, in the 1950s and the 1960s, there was no illusion about women “having it all”. How could that even possibly happen? If you were taking care of a family, waiting on your husband, you had no time to follow your dreams, unless you made that your dream
A lot of women took that approach. We call it Stockholm Syndrome now.
And of course, these women I am talking about are upper-middle-class white women. Romanticizing the 1950s is especially disgusting when you think about how women of color and poor women were treated back then, and the lack of education and choices available to them.
Because the women in this country demanded something approaching equality, Holte has the chance to live out her fantasy. Not every woman in America is so lucky.
We still don’t have pay equality and in many states, we still don’t have autonomy over our own bodies. Poor women and women of color still lack the opportunities of their wealthy and white peers.
And while it’s getting better, women are still expected to be responsible for the emotional labor of running a household and raising the children.
But at least we can get jobs. At least we don’t have to sew our own clothes, wear a full face of makeup every day and spend hours making Cloud Biscuits some ungrateful kid will wolf down, barely remembering to say thank you.
45. According to the author, what is the future our foremothers fought for?
A. Watching shows like “I Love Lucy” and listening to vinyl recordings.
B. Having the freedom to make choices in their daily life.
C. Making Cloud Biscuits for their kids and husbands.
D. Making sure their kids and husbands socially acceptable.
46. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 13 refer to?
A. Writing books, giving lectures and traveling the world.
B. Divorcing husband when kids were out of house.
C. Taking care of a family and waiting on husband.
D. Women’s illusion about “having it all”.
47. What does the “Stockholm Syndrome” in paragraph 14 really mean in the passage?
A. Women have been used to the unfair treatment at home
B. Women nowadays like the way of life in the 1950s.
C. Victims end up sympathizing with the abusers.
D. Women have the chance to live out their dreams.
48. The author thinks of the life of a 1950s housewife as ________.
A. fantastic B. admirable
C. awful D. unforgettable
49. What can we learn from the passage?
A. It was a waste of time to give grandchildren the recipe.
B. All women are not lucky to follow their own dreams in America now.
C. Housewives received recognition for their efforts from family members.
D. The upper-middle-class white women did a better job in running the household.
50. What is the author’s main purpose in writing this passage?
A. To show great appreciation to her grandmas.
B. To call on housewives to claim the pay for the housework they undertake.
C. To draw readers’ attention to the situations women face, especially those poor and of color.
D. To arouse women’s awareness of equal pay at work.
【答案】45. B 46. C 47. A 48. C 49. B 50. C
【解析】
本文是記敘文。作者認為在日常生活中擁有選擇的自由是我們的祖先為之奮斗的未來，同時想讓讀者注意到女性所面臨的處境，尤其是那些貧窮的有色人種。
【45題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的Everyone should be so lucky as to get to decide what they wear and how they spend their time. That’s the future our foremothers fought for.（每個人都應(yīng)該很幸運，能夠決定自己穿什么，如何度過時間。這就是我們的祖先為之奮斗的未來）由此可知，作者認為在日常生活中擁有選擇的自由是我們的祖先為之奮斗的未來。A選項只是Katrina Holte的個人選擇，錯誤。CD選項是1950的女性的日常生活，也不符合題意。故選B。
【46題詳解】
詞義猜測題。找到劃線詞所在句If you were taking care of a family, waiting on your husband, you had no time to follow your dreams, unless you made that your dream.（如果你要照顧一個家庭，服侍你的丈夫，你就沒有時間去追求你的夢想，除非你把它當成你的夢想）可知，that指代的其實是前面的內(nèi)容，也就是taking care of a family, waiting on your husband。故選C。
【47題詳解】
詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句及前面的A lot of women took that approach. We call it Stockholm Syndrome now.（很多女性采取了這種方式。我們現(xiàn)在稱之為Stockholm Syndrome）可知，我們現(xiàn)在把1950s很多女性接受了這個方式生活下去的這個現(xiàn)象稱作Stockholm Syndrome。根據(jù)上文可知，1950s很多女性的生活方式則是——照顧家庭、服侍丈夫、沒有時間去追求自己的夢想，這對女性來講是不公平的。因此A選項正確，be used to和take that approach形成替換。B選項錯誤，說的是1950s而不是現(xiàn)代。C選項沒有具體的時代背景，錯誤。D選項不是1950s的現(xiàn)象，錯誤。故選A。
【48題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的I think it’s important to remember that being a 1950s housewife was actually totally awful, and something our grandmothers and mothers fought against.（我認為重要的是要記住，作為一個50年代的家庭主婦實際上是非常糟糕的，這是我們的祖母和母親所反對的）可知，作者認為20世紀50年代家庭主婦的生活很糟糕。故選C。
【49題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段中Holte has the chance to live out her fantasy. Not every woman in America is so lucky.（霍爾特有機會實現(xiàn)她的夢想。不是每個美國女人都這么幸運）可推知，在美國，并不是所有的女性都有機會追逐自己的夢想。故選B。
【50題詳解】
推理判斷題。作者寫文章的目的必然與其主旨有關(guān)。目的在文章中最集中指出問題的一段，也就是倒數(shù)第三段We still don’t have pay equality and in many states, we still don’t have autonomy over our own bodies. Poor women and women of color still lack the opportunities of their wealthy and white peers.（我們?nèi)匀粵]有薪酬平等，在許多州，我們?nèi)匀粵]有對自己身體的自主權(quán)。貧困婦女和有色人種婦女仍然缺乏與富裕和白人婦女同等的機會）。由此可知，作者寫這篇文章的主要目的是讓讀者注意到女性所面臨的情況，尤其是那些貧窮和有色人種的情況。A選項很容易排除，B選項說呼吁家庭主婦為他們承擔的家庭勞作要求報酬也與主旨無關(guān)。D選項涵蓋的太小了，不僅僅是equal pay。故選C。
第II卷 (非選擇題，共40分)
第四部分：詞匯檢測（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）
請認真閱讀下列各個小題，并根據(jù)上下文語境和所給首字母的提示，寫出下列各句空格中的單詞，注意保持語義和形式的一致。請將答案的完整形式寫在答題卡上相應(yīng)題號的橫線上。
51. — Why have you been so restless these days?
— Air tickets are in shortage. We are struggling to get seats on a plane b____for Mexico.
52. — Susan, do you know the meaning of “Brexit”?
— Yes. It refers to Britain exiting from the EU, namely, the s ____ from EU.
53. — Have you heard of the famous translator Xu Yuanchong, who is still devoted to his work at the age of 98?
— Absolutely! C____ his age, he leads a very active life.
54. — To fit in the new working environment and master professional skills, Jason attended a night school.
— The new job gave him passion and added a new d____ to his life.
55. — With the rise of online stores, numerous physical stores have been closed down in Suzhou. — It is the law of the j ____ . You have to be strong enough to succeed.
【答案】51. bound
52. separation
53. Considering
54. dimension
55. jungle
【解析】
【51題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：—你這些天怎么這么坐立不安?—機票短缺。我們正在努力爭取飛往墨西哥的飛機座位。根據(jù)所給句子，結(jié)合首字母提示，可推出是形容詞bound“準備去的”，a plane bound for Mexico “一架飛往墨西哥的飛機”。故填bound。
【52題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：—蘇珊，你知道“英國退歐”是什么意思嗎?—是的。它指的是英國退出歐盟，即脫離歐盟。根據(jù)所給句子，結(jié)合首字母提示，由空前the及空后from可推出是名詞separation“分離”。故填separation。
【53題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：—你聽說過著名翻譯家徐淵沖嗎？他98歲了還在孜孜不倦地工作?！^對！考慮到他的年齡，他過著非常活躍的生活。根據(jù)所給句子，結(jié)合首字母提示，可推出是介詞considering “考慮到，鑒于”。故填Considering。
【54題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：—為了適應(yīng)新的工作環(huán)境并掌握專業(yè)技能，賈森上了夜校?！鹿ぷ鹘o了他激情，給他的生活增添了新的內(nèi)容。根據(jù)所給句子，結(jié)合首字母提示，可推出是名詞dimension“維(構(gòu)成空間的因素)”，由空前a可知，此處使用名詞單數(shù)。故填dimension。
【55題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：—隨著網(wǎng)上商店的興起，蘇州有很多實體店被關(guān)閉。—這是弱肉強食的法則。你必須足夠強大才能成功。根據(jù)所給句子，結(jié)合首字母提示，可推出是名詞jungle“叢林”。故填jungle。
第五部分：任務(wù)型閱讀（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）
請認真閱讀下面的短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當?shù)膯卧~。注意：請將答案寫在答題卷上相應(yīng)題號的橫線上，每個空格只填一個單詞。
When times are tough, how should governments in poor countries ensure their citizens remain fed? In the past, most of them used subsidies (現(xiàn)金補助) to keep food prices low for all their citizens. But these policies have become ineffective: the cost of maintaining Egypt’s food subsidies, for instance, nearly doubled between 2009 and 2013. And much of the money goes to the wrong people. In Egypt and the Philippines less than 20% of spending on food subsidies goes to poor households. In the Middle East and North Africa only 35% of subsidies reach 40% of the poorest, the IMF notes.
Motivated by a desire to control growing budget deficits (赤字) , many countries are replacing broad subsidies with policies aimed more directly at the needy. But what form should the targeted aid take? Earlier this month Iran introduced free handouts of food to replace its subsidy method. Other countries, such as Indonesia and Malaysia, have chosen instead to provide extra cash benefits to the poor. So far, food vouchers (代金券) have been the least popular option. Proposals to introduce food vouchers in such countries as Malaysia have been rejected on the basis that they were too American and un-Asian.
However, the researchers at the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) thought that might have been a mistake and analyzed the results of an experiment conducted by the World Food Programme in Ecuador, a South American country, in 2011, which compared handouts of food, cash and vouchers in the experiment. The study found that direct handouts— Iran’s new policy—were the least effective option. They cost three times as much as vouchers to promote calorie intake by 15%, and were four times as costly as a way of increasing dietary diversity and quality. Distribution costs were high, and wastage was also a problem. Only 63% of the food given away was actually eaten, while 83% of the cash was spent on food and 99% of the vouchers were exchanged as intended. Food handouts have also been the costliest option in similar projects in some African countries, according to John Hoddinott at IFPRI.

In Ecuador there was little difference in cost between handing out cash and food vouchers, the other two options. But food vouchers were better at encouraging people to buy healthier foods because of restrictions on what items could be exchanged for them. It was 25% cheaper to promote the quality of household nutrition using food vouchers than it was by handing out cash.
A switch from universal subsidies to vouchers could be the most efficient way of promoting health as well as relieving poverty. This is very necessary in many developing countries, according to Lynn Brown, a consultant for the World Bank.
Topic
Feeding expectations: Why food vouchers are a policy ___56___ consideration in developing countries?
Aim of universal subsidies
To ___57___ for the citizens in poor countries.
Analyses of three policies
Cash
●It keeps food prices low for all citizens.
●It is not ___58___ in the long term:
＊The cost keeps increasing.
＊Much of the money doesn’t reach those really in ___59___ .
Handouts of food
●The food can reach the needy ___60___ .
●They cost twice more than vouchers to promote calorie intake.
●A lot of the food handed out is wasted, thus ___61___ a matter of wastage.
Food vouchers
●They work better when it ___62___ to encouraging people to buy healthier foods.
●___63___ with handing out cash, using food vouchers costs much less.
●They are too American and un-Asian.
Conclusion
It’s a ___64___ to use vouchers in many developing countries because it not only helps to___65___ poverty but also promotes health most efficiently.


【答案】56. worth/deserving
57. provide
58. effective
59. need 60. directly
61. causing
62. comes 63. Compared
64. necessity/must
65. relieve
【解析】
本文是議論文。當時局艱難時，貧窮國家的政府應(yīng)如何確保其公民有飯吃？文章論述了什么食品券是發(fā)展中國家值得考慮的政策。
【56題詳解】
本題最后一道做，是標題題。根據(jù)最后一段中的A switch from universal subsidies to vouchers could be the most efficient way of promoting health as well as relieving poverty. This is very necessary in many developing countries, according to Lynn Brown, a consultant for the World Bank.（從普遍補貼轉(zhuǎn)向代金券可能是促進健康和消除貧困的最有效方式。世界銀行顧問林恩?布朗表示，這在許多發(fā)展中國家非常必要）及全文的內(nèi)容可知，food vouchers是最合理最劃算的政策，因此它值得發(fā)展中國家去考慮。故填worth/deserving。
【57題詳解】
根據(jù)第一段中的When times are tough, how should governments in poor countries ensure their citizens remain fed?（當時局艱難時，貧窮國家的政府應(yīng)如何確保其公民有飯吃）可知，universal subsidies（補貼）的目的是ensure their citizens remain fed（確保其公民有飯吃）。由空后for可知，此處替換成provide for the citizen in poor countries。故填provide。
【58題詳解】
根據(jù)第一段中的But these policies have become ineffective（但這些政策已經(jīng)失效）可知，此處把ineffective替換成not effective。故填effective。
【59題詳解】
根據(jù)第一段中的And much of the money goes to the wrong people.（大部分錢都花在了錯誤的人身上）和第二段中的另一個提示aimed more directly at the needy（更直接地針對有需要的人）。Needy與此處in need 形成同義替換。故填need。
【60題詳解】
原詞重現(xiàn)，根據(jù)第二段中的Motivated by a desire to control growing budget deficits (赤字) , many countries are replacing broad subsidies with policies aimed more directly at the needy.（出于控制不斷增長的預(yù)算赤字的愿望，許多國家正在用更直接針對貧困人口的政策取代廣泛的補貼）可知，此處填寫directly。故填directly。
【61題詳解】
根據(jù)第三段中的Distribution costs were high, and wastage was also a problem.（配送成本高，浪費也是一個問題）可知，一大部分食物被浪費導(dǎo)致了巨大的浪費問題。因此需要一個鏈接前后句的承接詞，由題意我們選擇causing“造成”。故填causing。
【62題詳解】
根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的But food vouchers were better at encouraging people to buy healthier foods because of restrictions on what items could be exchanged for them（但食品券在鼓勵人們購買更健康的食品方面做得更好，因為可以兌換的食品種類受到了限制）可知，當鼓勵人們?nèi)ベI健康食物的時候food vouchers效果很好。When it comes to…“當……的時候”。故填comes。。
【63題詳解】
根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的It was 25% cheaper to promote the quality of household nutrition using food vouchers than it was by handing out cash.（用食品券來提高家庭營養(yǎng)質(zhì)量比用現(xiàn)金要便宜25%）可知，handing out cash和food voucher相比更加貴，兩者是對比關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用compare“比較”的過去分詞。故填Compared。
【64題詳解】
原詞重現(xiàn)，根據(jù)最后一段中的A switch from universal subsidies to vouchers could be the most efficient way of promoting health as well as relieving poverty. This is very necessary in many developing countries, according to Lynn Brown, a consultant for the World Bank.（從普遍補貼轉(zhuǎn)向代金券可能是促進健康和消除貧困的最有效方式。世界銀行顧問林恩?布朗表示，這在許多發(fā)展中國家非常必要）可知，此處使用necessity/must“必要性/必須”，由空前a可知，此處使用名詞單數(shù)。故填necessity/must。
【65題詳解】
原詞重現(xiàn)，根據(jù)最后一段中的A switch from universal subsidies to vouchers could be the most efficient way of promoting health as well as relieving poverty. This is very necessary in many developing countries, according to Lynn Brown, a consultant for the World Bank.（從普遍補貼轉(zhuǎn)向代金券可能是促進健康和消除貧困的最有效方式。世界銀行顧問林恩?布朗表示，這在許多發(fā)展中國家非常必要）可知，此處使用relieve“解除，減輕”。故填relieve。
第六部分：書面表達（共1小題；滿分25分）
66.請閱讀下面這段文字，并按照要求用英語寫一篇150詞左右的文章。
How much money should I spend each month? This is asked by college students at the start of every term, and it’s become a hot topic of discussion following a controversial online post. The post was about a college student who demanded 4,500 yuan for monthly living expenses from her mom, reported China Daily
In the post, this new college student explained that her school is in a top-tier city and that her expenses included skin-care products and new clothes. Her mother did not agree and “only” gave her 2,000 yuan.
The post started a heated debate. Some people came to her defense. Girls invest a lot in skin-care products and new clothes while boys invest much in shoes, latest electronic devices and equipment for games.
However, someone thinks 4,500 yuan is too much. According to a 2019 report, students in 15 cities spent more than 1,500 yuan a month on average. Beijing topped the list at 2,400 yuan, and Shanghai followed close behind at 2,300 yuan. In some cities, a parent may only earn a monthly salary of 4,000 or 5,000 yuan. Nevertheless, some students insist on buying Dyson vacuum cleaners (吸塵器) for their dormitories instead of common brooms. Others demand Apple laptops to study at Starbucks, instead of going to the library.
【寫作內(nèi)容】
1．用約 30 個詞概括上文內(nèi)容；
2．用約 120 個詞談?wù)勀銓@一現(xiàn)象的看法，包括如下要點：
（1）分析哪些原因造成了大學(xué)生生活開銷的上漲（不少于兩點）；
（2）你覺得文中該大學(xué)生的要求是否合理？請闡述你的理由或建議（不少于兩點）。
【寫作要求】 不能直接引用原文句子。
【答案】A college student demanded for higher living expenses that are far beyond the average, which was turned down by her mother. Opinions on this issue vary from person to person.
The reasons behind higher living expenses deserve thorough reflection. First of all, it goes without saying that soaring prices for commodities along with constant increasing investment in self-image and self-improvement, to some extent, give rise to such demands. In addition to basic needs, a large sum of money is wasted on unnecessary or luxurious things, which partly reflects college students’ irrational attitudes towards consumption.
From my perspective, by no means can asking for excessive living expenses be taken for granted. Despite the rising price, college students, especially those from poor areas, are expected to reduce parents’ financial burden by doing part-time jobs and making budgets instead of blind consumption. Meanwhile, compared with appearance, more investment is encouraged to enhance inner quality. (150 words)
【解析】
【分析】
這篇作文再次選擇了高考中熱門的正反觀點對比，大學(xué)生到底需不需要這么高的生活費？
【詳解】作為準大學(xué)生，高三的孩子們應(yīng)該是有話可寫的，尤其是生活在蘇州這種富庶的地方，價比天高，對于外面花花世界的誘惑，孩子們的觀點應(yīng)該會很有意思。
作為社會現(xiàn)象類文章，首先我們需要抓準首段的社會現(xiàn)象。
第一段：網(wǎng)絡(luò)上流傳著一個有爭論的帖子，一個女孩因為在一線城市上大學(xué)，找媽媽要4500元每個月的生活費，理由是要護膚，買衣服，買電子產(chǎn)品。
第二段：女孩的媽媽義正言辭地拒絕了她的請求。
第三段和第四段：網(wǎng)友有人支持，有人反對。支持的原因是確實開銷大，反對的原因是大學(xué)生對于物質(zhì)的追求其實已經(jīng)超出了父母的承受能力。
值得注意的是，反對和支持的理由由于字數(shù)的限制，可以不用寫出來。第一段的結(jié)構(gòu)為事件和反響即可。
于是，我們第一段的內(nèi)容就出爐了。
A freshman, maintaining that the expense in first-tier city was much higher, demanded 4,500 yuan per month from her mom,who rejected the daughter’s request resolutely. Interestingly, netizens are divided on this incident. (32 words)
第二段分析生活費上漲原因，可以向內(nèi)看，和向外看。
向內(nèi)看：如今，大學(xué)生對于物質(zhì)的需求不比往屆學(xué)長學(xué)姐，學(xué)爺學(xué)奶，往屆的娃娃們生活清貧，艱苦樸素，不知星巴克，勞力士為何物？而如今大學(xué)生左口一個星巴克，右口一個耐克阿迪。不穿名牌都不好意思去上課。
向外看：我們的物質(zhì)生活水平確實提高了很多，對美好生活的向往心態(tài)也是與日俱增。而且，物價水平也在飆升，豬肉都40元一斤了，食堂的飯菜自然要漲價。車厘子都80元一斤了，水果再貴也得吃?？紤]到大學(xué)生的吃喝拉撒費用都在上升，生活費自然也得跟上去。
所以我們的第二段內(nèi)容就有了。
Behind the soar of college students’ living expense lie two major drivers, the first of which goes to the rocketing commodity price. Gone are the days when students could enjoy a square meal at four to five yuan in the school canteen. Instead, it is not uncommon that asimple dish with pork or beef would cost them an arm and a leg, which is almost six times what it used to be. Another factor at play is that vanity and materialism prevail among university students, who might blindly chase after famous brands like iPhone or Starbucks. Inevitably, these luxury goods will add to their already too high expense. (108 words)
作為一個正氣浩然的高中生，肯定要反對這種恬不知恥，依賴心，攀比心，物質(zhì)心超強的無恥做法。理由是爸爸媽媽賺錢不易，而且自己已經(jīng)成年，可以通過做一些力所能及的兼職（當然在不影響自己學(xué)業(yè)的情況下）來增加自己的收入。同時，也要抵制物質(zhì)主義和攀比心來腐蝕自己，注重內(nèi)在修養(yǎng)，多多看書，運動，廣泛交友，正能量。衣服和使用物品只要干凈整潔就好了。
I definitely turn my nose up at these college students’ unjustifiable and selfish request. Firstly, in no way should our parents’ hard-earned money be squandered on luxury goods, only to feed our vanity or materialism. Secondly, being an independent and self-reliant adult, Ican take up some odd jobs to alleviate my parents’ financial burden. Lastly, skincare and cosmetic are unnecessary since a neat and tidy appearance will do for an economically dependent student. (75 words)



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