2019～2020學(xué)年度高三年級(jí)第一學(xué)期期中質(zhì)量調(diào)研
英 語
第Ⅰ卷(選擇題，共85分)
第一部分 聽力(共20題 每題1分 滿分20分)
第一節(jié) 聽下面 5 段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的 A、B、C 三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有 10 秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。
1.
Which part of the man’s body hurts?
A. His back. B. His neck. C. His arms.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: What’s the matter?
M: I’ve hurt my back, at the top, near my neck. It hurts when I put my arms up.
2.
What was the weather like on Saturday?
A. Sunny. B. Windy. C. Cloudy.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Did you have good weather at the beach at the weekend?
W: Yes, it was sunny all weekend. There wasn’t a cloud in the sky.
M: Wasn’t it windy too?
W: Only on Sunday.
3.
What does the man want to do next?
A. Stop for some coffee. B. Leave for home. C. Keep on working.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: We’ll finish the work soon. Perhaps, we should stop for some coffee here.
M: Actually, I should prefer to go on with our work. Or it will be late when we leave for home.
4.
Why does the girl talk with the man?
A. To send an invitation.
B. To ask for permission.
C. To seek for help.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Dad, it’s Julia’s birthday today.
M: Oh, is she having a party?
W: Yes. And she’s invited me to spend the night at her place. Is that all right, Dad?
M: OK. Just call me when you want me to pick you up.
5.
What are the speakers talking about?
A. A job. B. An interview. C. An applicant.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: We’ve interviewed all of the applicants. Now we just have to make a decision.
M: Martina Hernandez gave me the best impression. She has the most experience.
W: I couldn’t agree more. She is suitable for the job.
第二節(jié) 聽下面 5 段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的 A、B、C 三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5 秒鐘；聽完后，各小題給出 5 秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話讀兩遍。
聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。

6. Where will the man go first?
A. To his office. B. To a library. C. To a bookshop.
7. What will the man buy?
A. A book. B. A jacket. C. A CD.
【答案】6. B 7. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Aren’t you getting off at the next stop?
M: You’re right. That’s where I usually get off for the office, but it’s early so I thought I’d stay on as far as the High Street and do a couple of things here.
W: Some shopping?
M: Yes, after I’ve given this book back. I’ve just finished the last chapter and it’s a few days late, so I’ll have to pay a fine, but it is worth it.
W: Then which shop are you going to? You said you need a new jacket.
M: I’ve already bought it. I’m going to buy Adele’s new CD.
聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。

8. Why doesn’t the man want the telephone sales job?
A. It needs working long hours.
B. It doesn’t pay well.
C. It is not suitable for him.
9. What does the man think of the job as an entertainment director assistant?
A. Attractive. B. Boring. C. Tiring.
【答案】8. C 9. A
【解析】
【原文】W: I really need to find a job now!
M: So do I Do you see anything good listed?
W: How about this telephone sales job? You call people and try to sell them magazines.
M: That sounds boring. And anyway, I’m not good at selling.
W: Well, I am! I might check that one out. Oh, here’s one for you. An entertainment director assistant on a ship.
M: That sounds fun. I love traveling, and I’ve never been on a ship.
W: It says here you have to work every day while the ship is at sea. That’ll be tiring.
M: That’s OK. I don’t mind working long hours if the pay is good. I think I’ll apply for it.
聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。

10. Why does the man make the phone call?
A. To ask for a day off.
B. To make an appointment.
C. To inform the woman of a lecture.
11. What is wrong with the man?
A. He has a fever. B. He feels light-headed. C. He has no appetite.
12. When will the man go to see the doctor?
A. At 3:00 this afternoon.
B. At 2:00 tomorrow afternoon.
C. At 3:00 tomorrow afternoon.
【答案】10. B 11. C 12. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Doctor’s office. May I help you?
M: Yes. My name is John Carver. I’d like to make an appointment to see Dr. Carter.
W: What seems to be the problem?
M: I guess I have a bad cold.
W: Do you feel light-headed or have a fever?
M: No, neither. But my nose is often running, and I don’t feel like eating anything.
W: Well, let me check the schedule. Dr Carter has an opening at 3:00 this afternoon. Can you come in then?
M: At 3:00? No, I’m sorry I can’t. I have an important lecture to attend then. How about tomorrow afternoon?
W: Let’s see. Tomorrow afternoon at 2:00?
M: Yes, that would be fine.
W: All right. See you then.
聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。

13. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Workmates. B. Brother and sister. C. Husband and wife.
14. What is the woman going to do?
A. Meet some customers.
B. Prepare for a party.
C. Meet her college friends.
15. What does the man suggest the woman wear?
A. A purple dress. B. White shoes. C. A white diamond necklace.
16. Where will the man go first?
A. To his company. B. To a school. C. To his parents’ home.
【答案】13. C 14. A 15. C 16. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Why are you so dressed up?
W: I am on my way out to the celebration party of my company. And I have to meet some important customers there. How do I look? Is my make-up OK?
M: You look great. Your make-up is also perfect.
W: Do you think I should wear a different dress?
M: No, the one you have on looks great, especially with your purple shoes and your hair like that.
W: Thanks for saying so. Do you have any ideas which necklace I should wear?
M: With that dress, I’d say your white diamond necklace would look perfect.
W: Thanks for helping out. Now that I’m ready, what are you doing tonight?
M: Don’t you remember? I have a get-together party with my college friends.
W: Oh, yes. But who is going to pick up our daughter at school?
M: Don’t worry. I’ll pick her up and then send her to my parents before I go.
聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。

17. When did Alisha realize she wanted to be famous?
A. When she was at secondary school.
B. When a girl she knew joined in a TV show.
C. When her classmate encouraged her to go on a TV show.
18. How did Alisha feel when she heard the result of the talent competition?
A. Relieved. B. Disappointed. C. Annoyed.
19. What did the newspapers say after the talent show?
A. They praised Alisha for her singing.
B. They commented on Alisha’s appearance.
C. They criticized Alisha’s performance style.
20. What advice does Alisha give on friendship?
A. Treasure your old friends.
B. Learn from those famous friends.
C. Make friends with people around you.
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Today’s guest is singer Alisha Ryan, who was the winner of a well-known TV talent show a few years ago. Tell me, Alisha, was becoming a famous singer something you’d always wanted to do?
W: Not really. No. I’d always enjoyed singing, of course, but the idea of becoming a star never occurred to me until I saw Katie Wyatt, who’d been in my class back in my secondary school days, in a talent show. And my brother said I got a better voice than her. I suddenly knew it was something I at least had to try to do.
M: And how did you feel when you first went on live TV, and you had that victory?
W: Well, I didn’t actually sing that well. I was annoyed with myself and I thought my family and friends were a bit disappointed, too. At one point I was convinced I’d lost, so afterwards I was just glad when the scores were announced and it became clear I hadn’t.
M: You did in fact become famous overnight.
W: Yes, I realized that the next morning, when the national press had all the news about me.
M: I imagine they said a lot of nice things.
W: Yes though it was mostly about how I had the right look, how stylish my clothes were and that sort of thing, rather than how I’d actually performed or what they thought of my singing voice.
M: How do you feel about friendships among famous people?
W: I wouldn’t say that exactly. Just remember it’s probably going to end sometime, and when it does you’ll want to go back to those you were close to before you were famous, so don’t lose touch with them.
M: Thank you, Alisha.
第二部分:英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)
第一節(jié) 單項(xiàng)選擇(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)
請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
21.As a neighbor of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, Guangxi is _____ the attraction of foreign investment to help build a high-quality economy.
A. prioritizing B. providing C. prohibiting D. purchasing
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：毗鄰粵港澳大灣區(qū)，廣西正優(yōu)先考慮吸引外來投資以幫助建立高質(zhì)量的經(jīng)濟(jì)體。prioritize優(yōu)先考慮，優(yōu)先處理；provide提供，規(guī)定；prohibit禁止；purchase購買。利用地理位置的優(yōu)勢，廣西優(yōu)先考慮吸引外來投資。故選A項(xiàng)。
22.She is now determined to push further and keep on going ________ she once felt like giving up.
A. where B. as C. in case D. now that
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查連接詞辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，她決定進(jìn)一步努力，在自己曾經(jīng)想要放棄的地方繼續(xù)前行。where在……地方；as按照，正如；in case以防萬一；now that既然，由于。結(jié)合句意，她是想從曾經(jīng)想要放棄的地方繼續(xù)前行，表示地點(diǎn)用where。故選A項(xiàng)。
23.This company _____ roundly by unionists and social justice groups when it fired a number of workers for no reason a decade ago.
A. condemned B. has condemned C. has been condemned D. was condemned
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)及語態(tài)。句意：十年前，當(dāng)這家公司莫名其妙解雇許多員工時(shí)，收到了工會(huì)和社會(huì)正義團(tuán)體的嚴(yán)厲譴責(zé)。該句有明顯的時(shí)間狀語a decade ago十年前，只能跟一般過去時(shí)連用。結(jié)合句意，這家公司是被譴責(zé)，所以要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故選D項(xiàng)。
【點(diǎn)睛】解時(shí)態(tài)題，可以結(jié)合句中的時(shí)間狀語，選擇相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)。至于語態(tài)，則根據(jù)句意來判斷。比如該題有明顯的時(shí)間狀語a decade ago，這是典型的用一般過去時(shí)的標(biāo)志，結(jié)合句意，這家公司是被譴責(zé)，所以必須要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，所以選擇一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
24.Some apps on mobile phones have reportedly collected the phone owners’ information without their _____, even without their knowledge.
A. contact B. consent C. contrast D. content
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：據(jù)報(bào)道手機(jī)上的有些app不經(jīng)機(jī)主同意就收集他們的信息，甚至機(jī)主都不知道。contact聯(lián)系，聯(lián)絡(luò)；consent同意，贊同；contrast對(duì)比，對(duì)照；content內(nèi)容，目錄。根據(jù)后文even without their knowledge可知，是不經(jīng)機(jī)主同意就收集他們的信息，故選B項(xiàng)。
25.At the right depth, these blood-filled veins reflect less red light than the surrounding skin, ______ them look blue by comparison.
A. making B. having made C. to make D. to have made
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：在合適的深度，這些充血的血管反射的紅光比周圍的皮膚要少，相比之下會(huì)讓它們看起來是藍(lán)色的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，主句謂語動(dòng)詞為reflect，設(shè)空處需填非謂語動(dòng)詞?？芍颂帪楝F(xiàn)在分詞做結(jié)果狀語（表自然而然的結(jié)果）。having made表示make這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在reflect之前，是錯(cuò)誤的；to do通常作目的狀語或者結(jié)果狀語（出乎意料的結(jié)果），不符合語境，這里適合用現(xiàn)在分詞做結(jié)果狀語。故選A項(xiàng)。
【點(diǎn)睛】解非謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)，首先要分析句子成分，判斷非謂語動(dòng)詞在句中作什么成分，然后根據(jù)具體的成分，判斷它跟邏輯主語之間的主動(dòng)或被動(dòng)關(guān)系來確定選項(xiàng)。比如該題，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，主句謂語動(dòng)詞為reflect，設(shè)空處需填非謂語動(dòng)詞?？芍颂帪楝F(xiàn)在分詞做結(jié)果狀語（表自然而然的結(jié)果）。having made表示make這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在reflect之前，是錯(cuò)誤的；to do通常作目的狀語或者結(jié)果狀語（出乎意料的結(jié)果），不符合語境，這里適合用現(xiàn)在分詞做結(jié)果狀語。故選A項(xiàng)。
26.Usually newborn babies can ______ between a man’s and a woman’s voice.
A. squeeze B. trap C. inspect D. discriminate
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：往往新生兒能辨別男士和女士的聲音。squeeze擠壓，榨出；trap使陷入困境，卡?。籭nspect檢查，視察；discriminate辨別。根據(jù)between a man’s and a woman’s voice可知，新生兒能分清男士和女士的聲音。故選D項(xiàng)。
27.China will _____ AI courses to be offered at primary and secondary schools to let children keep pace with the times.
A. compensate for B. hunt for C. make for D. push for
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：中國將爭取在小學(xué)和中學(xué)開設(shè)人工智能課程，以此讓孩子們跟上時(shí)代的步伐。compensate for補(bǔ)償；hunt for尋找；make for促成；push for爭取，不斷要求。中國是爭取將人工智能納入在中小學(xué)課程中，故選D項(xiàng)。
28.The road began sinking some months back, with dips becoming _____ in the road.
A. apparent B. arbitrary C. approximate D. ample
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：數(shù)月前，這條路就開始下沉，凹陷處變得很明顯。apparent顯而易見的，表面上的；arbitrary任意的，專橫的；approximate大約的，近似的；ample足夠的，豐裕的。道路塌陷，凹陷處是顯然易見的。故選A項(xiàng)。
29.She ______ to clean out the spare room last week, but it was much too occupied at that time.
A. intended B. was intended C. had intended D. was intending
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：她上周本打算打掃那間空余的房間，但那時(shí)候房間太擁擠了。had intended to do sth.意為“本打算做某事卻未做”；intend to do sth.意為“打算做某事”；was intended to do sth.意為“為了……”。intend/plan/mean都可以用過去完成時(shí)表示“本打算做……但事實(shí)沒做成”。故選C。
30.She wouldn’t have flown off the handle _____the fact that you didn’t intend to hurt her.
A. were she to know B. had she known
C. did she know D. should she have known
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【詳解】考查虛擬語氣。句意：如果她知道你并沒有打算傷害她這一事實(shí)的話，她就不會(huì)勃然大怒。根據(jù)題中wouldn't have 和fact后的同位語從句的時(shí)態(tài)可知，這是對(duì)過去時(shí)間的虛擬。在if的非真實(shí)條件句中，對(duì)過去時(shí)間的虛擬從句謂語動(dòng)詞要用had done，省略連詞if后，句子要用部分倒裝，即had提前至從句主語之前。故選B項(xiàng)。
31.Unfortunately, Puccini died of a heart attack ______ he completed this final scene, and it had to be completed by one of his former students, Franco Alfano.
A. when B. before C. after D. since
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【詳解】考查狀語從句連接詞辨析。句意：不幸的是，普契尼沒來得及完成最后一幕就死于心臟病，只得由他以前的一個(gè)學(xué)生法蘭高.阿法奴完成。when當(dāng)……時(shí)；before在……之前；after在……之后；since自從，既然。普契尼是在完成最后一幕劇之前去世了，所以只得由他人完成。before符合題意。故選B項(xiàng)。
【點(diǎn)睛】解狀語從句主要是根據(jù)題文，了解從句和主句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，是表示時(shí)間還是原因或者方式或者其他。比如此題，普契尼死于心臟病與他完成最后一幕之間是什么關(guān)系。根據(jù)下文，他的學(xué)生替他完成了，說明他沒有能夠完成最后一幕劇。由此我們可以推斷，他是在完成最后一幕劇之前去世的，主句和從句之間是時(shí)間先后關(guān)系，故選B項(xiàng)。
32. When asked about their opinion about the schoolmaster ,many teachers would prefer to see him step aside __________ younger men.
A. in terms of B. in need of C. in favor of D. in praise of
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：當(dāng)被問及對(duì)校長的看法時(shí)，許多老師寧愿看到他站在一邊，支持較年輕的人。A. in terms of就……而言，從……而論；B. in need of 需要；C. ?in favor of支持，擁護(hù)；D. in praise of稱贊，表揚(yáng)。根據(jù)句意分析,C項(xiàng)符合題意。故選C項(xiàng)。
33.The manager said that not one mistake _____ to see reported to him in the following month.
A. would he want B. had he wanted C. he would want D. he had wanted
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【詳解】考查倒裝句和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：經(jīng)理說，接下來的一個(gè)月，他不想有錯(cuò)誤匯報(bào)給他。not one mistake否定意義的短語置于句首要部分倒裝，即將助動(dòng)詞置于主語he之前，結(jié)合本句的時(shí)態(tài)，經(jīng)理說用的是一般過去時(shí)，在接下來的一個(gè)月應(yīng)該用過去將來時(shí)，即would。故選A項(xiàng)。
34.A man ought to follow his heart when reading, or _____ he reads as a task will do him little good.
A. that B. how C. why D. what
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查主語從句連接詞。句意：一個(gè)人閱讀時(shí)，必須走心，否則，作為任務(wù)而進(jìn)行的閱讀對(duì)他將沒什么好處。A. that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，沒有意義，在從句中不做成分；B. how如何，引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，在從句中做狀語；C. why為什么，引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，在從句中做狀語；D. what引導(dǎo)主語從句，做句子成分。分析句子成分得知，此處是主語從句，這個(gè)主語從句缺少動(dòng)詞read的賓語，應(yīng)使用what引導(dǎo)，意為“……的事物”。故選D項(xiàng)。
35.Sorry for failing to get what you wanted. He kept silent about the matter except saying ______.
A. that’s his feet of clay B. a little bird told him
C. he wanted to kill the fatted calf D. he was the salt of the earth
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【詳解】考查情景交際。句意：很抱歉未能獲得你想要的。他對(duì)這件事保持沉默，除了說有人告訴他的。that's his feet of clay那是他的致命弱點(diǎn)；a little bird told him有人告訴他的； he wanted to kill the fatted calf他想設(shè)宴款待； he was the salt of the earth他是善良而誠實(shí)的人。他保持沉默，什么具體信息也不透露，只說是有人告訴他的。故選B項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié) 完形填空(共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分)
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
On a freezing December afternoon, Tyler Freburger was standing in front of a set of mirrors wearing a suit picked out for him by a tailor to attend a funeral. As a homeless veteran (老兵) living in Baltimore, Mr. Freburger would usually have difficulty ___36___ such an outfit (一套衣服), especially one selected for him ___37___. But in this instance, he was ___38___ the nonprofit Sharp Dressed Man.
Since 2011, the organization has been helping men improve their lives by ___39___ them for job interviews and other ___40___ with well-fitting suits. This is not a “grab any jacket off the rack (架子)” kind of experience; ___41___, the nonprofit provides a “measure-to-fit”, personalized styling experience. The nonprofit was ___42___ by clothing designer Christopher Schafer. He opened a shop in downtown Baltimore not long after ___43___ from London, where he learned the art of ___44___ and design. Once when Schafer was ____45____ some custom suits to a customer, he was ____46____ handed two bags of gently ____47____ suits in return.
“He said I ____48____ him with how I made his custom suits fit, and he couldn’t wear his old suits anymore.” Schafer found a nonprofit that would ____49____ the suits, but as time went on, more of his ____50____ did the same thing. At the suggestion of a friend, he decided to found his own nonprofit, Sharp Dressed Man.
The organization’s space ____51____ a traditional men’s clothing store, ____52____with volunteer tailors and racks of clothing. It’s open one day a week for those who have been referred.
Schafer sees the nonprofit as filling the ____53____ between job training and the ____54____ required for a person to land a job.“If you treat a guy with ____55____, he has a better chance of treating himself with it,” he says.
36. A. sorting B. storing C. sewing D. securing
37. A. automatically B. personally C. partly D. generally
38. A. appointed to B. accustomed to C. referred to D. opposed to
39. A. promoting B. arranging C. rewarding D. equipping
40. A. occasions B. discounts C. benefits D. systems
41. A. thus B. meanwhile C. otherwise D. instead
42. A. found B. launched C. surrounded D. shifted
43. A. escaping B. returning C. differing D. hearing
44. A. counting B. transporting C. measuring D. packing
45. A. delivering B. ordering C. folding D. advertising
46. A. naturally B. doubtfully C. urgently D. unexpectedly
47. A. donated B. alternative C. worn D. clumsy
48. A. bothered B. spoiled C. discouraged D. interrupted
49. A. exhibit B. possess C. accept D. clean
50. A. relatives B. designers C. clerks D. clients
51. A. suits B. threatens C. resembles D. strengthens
52. A. adequate B. complete C. economic D. complicated
53. A. hardship B. relationship C. gap D. position
54. A. status B. feel C. talent D. look
55. A. dignity B. curiosity C. honesty D. caution
【答案】36. D 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. A 41. D 42. B 43. B 44. C 45. A 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. C 50. D 51. C 52. B 53. C 54. D 55. A
【解析】
【分析】
這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了非盈利性時(shí)尚著裝組織是如何產(chǎn)生的，以及這個(gè)組織如何幫助一些特定的人群的。
【36題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一個(gè)生活在Baltimore無家可歸的老兵，F(xiàn)reburger先生往往很難獲得這么一套衣服，尤其還是一套為他個(gè)別選定的。A. sorting分類；B. storing儲(chǔ)存；C. sewing縫紉；D. securing獲得。Freburger先生是一位無家可歸的老兵，所以很難獲得或者得到這樣一套服裝。故選D項(xiàng)。
【37題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一個(gè)生活在Baltimore無家可歸的老兵，F(xiàn)reburger先生往往很難獲得這么一套衣服，尤其還是一套為他個(gè)別選定的。A. automatically自動(dòng)地；B. personally個(gè)別地；C. partly部分地；D. generally一般地。這套衣服不是隨便挑選的，而是個(gè)別或?qū)ｉT為他而定的，“私人訂制”式的。故選B項(xiàng)。
【38題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：但是，在這種情況下，他被人介紹到非盈利性時(shí)尚著裝組織這里。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思需要結(jié)合前面的was來分析：A. was appointed to被指派；B. was accustomed to習(xí)慣于；C. was referred to被帶去（某處尋求幫助）；D. was opposed to反對(duì)（某事物）。Freburger先生要去參加葬禮，但自己是個(gè)窮人，所以其他人介紹他到這個(gè)慈善組織這里來接受幫助。refer sb. to…將某人送交/介紹給……（接受幫助）用在這里符合題意，故選C項(xiàng)。
【39題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：自從2011年以來，這個(gè)組織一直通過給人們提供合身的套裝，用于參加面試或用作其他場合，來幫助他們改善他們的生活。A. promoting促銷，促進(jìn)；B. arranging安排，排列；C. rewarding獎(jiǎng)賞，獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；D. equipping配備，裝備。面試或其他場合需要著裝得體，這個(gè)組織給人們這類幫助。equip sb. with sth表示給某人配備某物，給某人提供某物，符合題意。故選D項(xiàng)。
【40題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：自從2011年以來，這個(gè)組織一直通過給人們提供合身的套裝，用于參加面試或用作其他場合，來幫助他們改善他們的生活。A. occasions場合；B. discounts折扣；C. benefits益處；D. systems體系。and連接的內(nèi)容是并列的，根據(jù)and前面的職場面試，其他場合這個(gè)選項(xiàng)符合題意。故選A項(xiàng)。
【41題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)組織提供的不是“從架子上隨便抓件衣服”的那種體驗(yàn)，而是“量體裁衣”私人訂制風(fēng)格的那種體驗(yàn)。A. thus因此；B. meanwhile與此同時(shí)；C. otherwise否則；D. instead反而，取而代之。這個(gè)組織不是隨隨便便拿件衣服，代替這種隨便態(tài)度的是量體裁衣，私人訂制，instead用在這里符合題意。故選D項(xiàng)。
【42題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)非盈利性活動(dòng)是由服裝設(shè)計(jì)師Christopher Schafer發(fā)起的。A. found發(fā)現(xiàn)；B. launched發(fā)起；C. surrounded包圍；D. shifted轉(zhuǎn)移。該題最容易誤選A，found作為動(dòng)詞原形，表示建立，但此處是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，應(yīng)填founded。設(shè)計(jì)師發(fā)起了這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，符合題意。故選B項(xiàng)。
【43題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：從倫敦回來后不久，他在Baltimore市中心開了家店。他在倫敦學(xué)的是測量和設(shè)計(jì)。A. escaping逃跑；B. returning返回；C. differing不同；D. hearing聽到。他在倫敦學(xué)習(xí)，然后回到Baltimore開店。故選B項(xiàng)。
【44題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：從倫敦回來后不久，他在Baltimore市中心開了家店。他在倫敦學(xué)的是測量和設(shè)計(jì)。A. counting計(jì)算；B. transporting運(yùn)輸；C. measuring測量；D. packing打包。他是個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)師，需要學(xué)習(xí)跟制作衣服相關(guān)的知識(shí)，包括量體裁衣。故選C項(xiàng)。
【45題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一次，當(dāng)他給一個(gè)顧客送一些訂制西裝時(shí)，他沒想到這個(gè)顧客給了他兩袋沒穿過幾次的舊衣服。A. delivering送貨，遞送；B. ordering訂購，命令；C. folding折疊；D. advertising登廣告。他給顧客設(shè)計(jì)衣服，制作好了之后，要送貨給對(duì)方。故選A項(xiàng)。
【46題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：一次，當(dāng)他給一個(gè)顧客送一些訂制西裝時(shí)，他沒想到這個(gè)顧客給了他兩袋沒穿過幾次的舊衣服。A. naturally自然地；B. doubtfully懷疑地；C. urgently緊急地；D. unexpectedly出乎意料地。他是送貨給對(duì)方的，對(duì)方給了他兩袋沒怎么穿過的衣服，這是他沒有料到的。故選D項(xiàng)。
【47題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一次，當(dāng)他給一個(gè)顧客送一些訂制西裝時(shí)，他沒想到這個(gè)顧客給了他兩袋沒穿過幾次的舊衣服。A. donated捐贈(zèng)的；B. alternative可選擇的；C. worn穿過的；D. clumsy笨拙的。顧客因?yàn)橛辛嗽O(shè)計(jì)師設(shè)計(jì)的新的合身的衣服，所以給設(shè)計(jì)師的是自己穿過的，磨損不嚴(yán)重的（gently worn）衣服。故選C項(xiàng)。
【48題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他說，我給他量身定制的衣服把他給寵壞了，他不能再穿自己以前的舊衣服了。A. bothered使煩惱；B. spoiled寵壞；C. discouraged使泄氣；D. interrupted打斷。有了好的衣服，舊的就不想穿了，就像被寵壞了一樣。故選B項(xiàng)。
【49題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Schafer找到了一家非盈利性機(jī)構(gòu)可以接受這些衣服，但隨著時(shí)間的流逝，他的客戶中，越來越多的人做同樣的事。A. exhibit展示；B. possess擁有；C. accept接受；D. clean清理。他沒創(chuàng)建這個(gè)組織之前，是捐給其他非盈利性機(jī)構(gòu)，機(jī)構(gòu)接受這些衣服。故選C項(xiàng)。
【50題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Schafer找到了一家非盈利性機(jī)構(gòu)可以接受這些衣服，但隨著時(shí)間流逝，他的客戶中，越來越多的人做同樣的事。A. relatives親屬；B.designers設(shè)計(jì)者；C. clerks職員；D. clients客戶。先是有一個(gè)客戶怎么做，然后是越來越多的客戶做同樣的事。故選D項(xiàng)。
【51題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)組織跟傳統(tǒng)的制衣店相似，里面有充當(dāng)志愿者的裁縫，還有許多的衣服。A. suits適合；B. threatens威脅；C. resembles相似；D. strengthens加強(qiáng)。傳統(tǒng)的制衣店有裁縫，有成架成架的衣服。結(jié)合上文，這個(gè)組織跟它相似，也有裁縫給前來求助者量體裁衣。故選C項(xiàng)。
【52題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)組織跟傳統(tǒng)的制衣店相似，里面有充當(dāng)志愿者的裁縫，還有許多的衣服。A. adequate足夠的；B. complete完整的；C. economic經(jīng)濟(jì)的；D. complicated復(fù)雜的。這個(gè)組織也有裁縫和許多的衣服，跟傳統(tǒng)制衣店相似。complete with something意為“裝備有某物，具有某特點(diǎn)”符合題意。故選B項(xiàng)。
【53題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Schafer認(rèn)為這個(gè)非盈性組織填補(bǔ)了工作培訓(xùn)與獲得一份工作所需要的外貌之間的空白。A. hardship艱苦；B. relationship關(guān)系；C. gap缺口，空隙；D. position位置。職場培訓(xùn)要求，外貌端正去參加工作面試，才會(huì)有機(jī)會(huì)被錄用。這之間的缺口就是很多人沒有適當(dāng)?shù)囊路棺约嚎雌饋硗饷捕苏?，而這個(gè)組織剛好填補(bǔ)了這一缺口，為求助者提供適當(dāng)?shù)囊路?。fill the gap填補(bǔ)空白。故選C項(xiàng)。
【54題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. status地位；B. feel感受；C. talent天賦；D. look外貌。一個(gè)人找工作，需要注意自己的外貌部分。衣著得體才有可能被錄用。故選D項(xiàng)。
【55題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你給予對(duì)方尊嚴(yán)，很有可能，對(duì)方也會(huì)尊重自己。A. dignity尊嚴(yán)；B. curiosity好奇心；C. honesty誠信；D. caution謹(jǐn)慎。給予一個(gè)人禮遇和尊嚴(yán)，對(duì)方也會(huì)覺得自己是重要的，也會(huì)尊重自己。故選A項(xiàng)。
【點(diǎn)睛】完形填空的解題技巧之一就是要根據(jù)上下文來學(xué)會(huì)“推理”出最佳選項(xiàng)。同學(xué)們要遵循“上下求索”的原則來查找信息。例如，第3小題結(jié)合下文倒數(shù)第二段“It’s open one day a week for those who have been referred.”我們可以判斷選擇referred to，剛好refer sb. to…將某人送交/介紹給……（接受幫助）用在這里符合題意，故選C項(xiàng)。比如：15小題，根據(jù)上文“Once when Schafer was___10___some custom suits to a customer, he was ___11___handed two bags of gently ___12___suits in return.”提到設(shè)計(jì)師的一個(gè)顧客送了一些舊衣服給他，可以判斷更多的他的顧客或客戶做同樣的事情，故選D項(xiàng)。
第三部分:閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
From 16th to 27th March 2019 the ATOM Festival wants to show you that science is definitely for you. ATOM takes place in Abingdon, one of the UK’s “Science Capitals” sitting at the heart of British Science between Culham, Harwell and Oxford.
ATOM 2019 begins with five leading scientists, engineers and educators taking up our “Three Million Dollar Challenge”— solving the big challenge of how to get more people into science and technology.
As well as showcasing inspiring speakers — including BBC science presenter and mathematician Dr Hannah Fry — this year sees a broader range of formats and events than ever before, and much of it is free thanks to our sponsors and supporters: the Science Market, the Family Science Fair, the Discovery Dome, family shows, lectures, stand-up science comedy and film screenings. Working through the Abingdon Science Partnership your local school will also have been offered the chance to join in one of our competitions. On the fiftieth anniversary of the first moon landing, we’ve gathered together science fiction authors to imagine our future in space.
Ticket Prices
If you are planning to go to several events, take a moment to consider our Festival Pass, costing ￡20. Once purchased, the pass entitles the holder to attend all the festival events at no further cost.
Passes do not include refreshments which must be purchased separately at the venue. Passes cannot be used by more than one person. There is no under-18s Festival Pass. Due to separate ticketing arrangements this Pass is not valid for the Apollo 13 Film Show at Abbey Cinema.
56. What is one of the attractions of this year’s ATOM Festival?
A. It lasts longer than ever before.
B. Visitors can experience more diverse events.
C. It takes place in Oxford University for the first time.
D. Some astronauts will be present in memory of the moon landing.
57. What can we learn about Festival Passes?
A. They offer no discounts for teenagers.
B. They can be used jointly by family members.
C. They give group visitors access to free refreshments.
D. They allow holders to watch the Apollo 13 Film Show.
【答案】56. B 57. A
【解析】
【分析】
這是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了ATOM節(jié)日的相關(guān)安排。
【56題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段第一句話“As well as showcasing inspiring speakers — including BBC science presenter and mathematician Dr Hannah Fry — this year sees a broader range of formats and events than ever before”可知，除了有BBC科學(xué)節(jié)目主持人和數(shù)學(xué)家Hannah Fry博士外，今年比以往有更廣泛的活動(dòng)和安排。所以參觀者們可以體驗(yàn)更多的活動(dòng)。而且A項(xiàng)說時(shí)間比以往要長，文章沒有提到，C項(xiàng)說是第一次在牛津大學(xué)舉行，文章也沒提到，D項(xiàng)說有宇航員將出席，同樣也沒提及。故選B項(xiàng)。
【57題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段“There is no under-18s Festival Pass.”18歲以下的沒有這種通票。上文說到“If you are planning to go to several events, take a moment to consider our Festival Pass, costing ￡20. Once purchased, the pass entitles the holder to attend all the festival events at no further cost.”如果你打算參與幾個(gè)活動(dòng)，可以考慮一下我們的節(jié)日通票，20英鎊。一旦購買，所有活動(dòng)都可以參與，無需另外的費(fèi)用。這種通票屬于一種優(yōu)惠，相當(dāng)于折扣價(jià)。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選A項(xiàng)。
【點(diǎn)睛】細(xì)節(jié)理解題可以用排除法去做，比如第一小題，A項(xiàng)說活動(dòng)時(shí)間比以往要長，文章沒有提到；C項(xiàng)說是第一次在牛津大學(xué)舉行，文章也沒提到；D項(xiàng)說有宇航員將出席，同樣也沒提及。故選B項(xiàng)。
B
Fireflies flash not just for mating (交配), but survival, a new study suggests. Scientists wanted to find out if there’s more to the lightning bug’s signature blinking glow (一閃一閃的亮光) than finding a mate. Some experts had assumed it was a glaring signal to predators (捕食者), like bats, that fireflies taste bad.
To test out whether the glow acted like that, researchers at Boise State University in Idaho put bats and fireflies in front of high-speed cameras. They published their results in Wednesday’s journal Science Advances.
The painstaking experiment required researchers to introduce western bats, which had never seen lightning bugs before, to the insects. Later, they hand-painted firefly bellies black, turning off their night lights but avoiding the holes the insects breathe through. When the bats first saw the unfamiliar lit-up fireflies, they acted excitedly and ate a lot of the bugs, only to get a bad taste in their mouths.“They shake their heads and spit and generally hate their caretakers for giving them such a rude meal,” said study author Jesse Barber, a Boise State biology professor and author of the study. After a few tries, the bats then avoided the glowing fireflies. Despite the popular misconception, bats aren’t blind, a study author noted.
Once the fireflies essentially taught bats that they taste bad, Barber and his colleagues introduced the darkened fireflies. About 40 percent of the painted ones were eaten, while none of the normal fireflies were eaten. Researchers also think the way lightning bugs fly signals what they are. To test that they put fireflies on fishing lines and the bats went after them, despite already knowing that fireflies don’t taste good. The results make sense and are valuable, said Nick Dowdy, a Purdue University researcher in Indiana, who was not involved in the study.
Scientists already knew that fireflies have distinctive flash patterns that tell others who they are and where they are. And some females prefer males that flash at higher rates, according to study co-author Marc Branham of University of Florida. Barber noted that even in their larval (幼蟲) stage, the bugs glow and don’t get eaten. So he theorized that when it comes to evolution, fireflies’ glowing trait (特點(diǎn)) may have developed first as protection from predators and later became a mating signal.
So, Barber said, “Bats may have invented fireflies.”
58. The purpose of the researchers’ study is to see________
A. whether fireflies flash to warn their predators away
B. how fireflies react to high-speed cameras
C. how fireflies flash to attract a mate
D. when fireflies make a bright light
59. Why did the researchers put fireflies on fishing lines?
A. To hide their flashes.
B. To make them fly faster.
C. To make them more energetic.
D. To change their flying patterns.
60. What does Barber mean in the last paragraph?
A. Bats have influenced fireflies’ evolution.
B. Bats and fireflies depend on each other.
C. Bats have similar traits to fireflies.
D. Bats tend to avoid larval fireflies.
【答案】58. A 59. D 60. A
【解析】
這是一篇科普說明文，介紹了科學(xué)家通過實(shí)驗(yàn)研究，得出結(jié)論：螢火蟲這類發(fā)光的蟲子，之所以發(fā)光，不僅僅是為了交配，更多的是為了生存：以發(fā)光的方式告訴捕食者它們并不是很美味。
【58題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段“Some experts had assumed it was a glaring signal to predators (捕食者), like bats, that fireflies taste bad.”可知，一些專家認(rèn)為，發(fā)光是一種信號(hào)，向捕食者，比如蝙蝠，暗示它們并不是很美味。為了驗(yàn)證這一觀點(diǎn)，科學(xué)家們做了些研究。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選A項(xiàng)。
【59題詳解】
推理判斷題。由第四段“Researchers also think the way lightning bugs fly signals what they are. To test that they put fireflies on fishing lines and the bats went after them,”可知，研究者也認(rèn)為發(fā)光蟲子飛行的方式暗示了它們的身份。為了驗(yàn)證這個(gè)，他們將螢火蟲縛在釣魚線上，后面跟著蝙蝠。由此可以推斷，研究者將螢火蟲縛在魚線上是為了改變它們的飛行方式，迷惑后面的蝙蝠。故選D項(xiàng)。
【60題詳解】
詞義猜測題。由倒數(shù)第二段“Barber noted that even in their larval (幼蟲) stage, the bugs glow and don’t get eaten. So he theorized that when it comes to evolution, fireflies’ glowing trait (特點(diǎn)) may have developed first as protection from predators and later became a mating signal.”可知，Barber注意到，即使在幼蟲期，這些蟲子發(fā)光，就不會(huì)被吃掉。因此他推測，螢火蟲發(fā)光的特點(diǎn)首先作為對(duì)捕食者的防護(hù)，后來才發(fā)展成為求偶信號(hào)。也就是說捕食者對(duì)發(fā)光蟲子的進(jìn)化有一定影響。結(jié)合上面的理論，他才說“也許是蝙蝠發(fā)明了螢火蟲?！?br /> 故選A項(xiàng)。
C
You have probably read about robots replacing human labor as automation takes root in one industry after another. But a new report suggests humans are not the only ones who might lose their jobs.
In New Zealand, farmers are using drones (無人機(jī)) to herd (放牧) and monitor livestock (牲畜), assuming a job that highly intelligent dogs have held for more than a century. The robots have appropriated one of the animal’s effective tools: barking, Radio New Zealand reports. The DJI Mavic Enterprise, a $3,500 drone favored by farmers, has a feature that lets the machine record sounds and play them over a loud speaker, giving the machine the ability to imitate its canine counterparts.
Corey Lambeth, a shepherd on a sheep and beef farm, told RNZ the machines are surprisingly effective. “That’s the one thing I’ve noticed when you’re moving cows and calves: the old cows stand up to the dogs, but with the drones, they’ve never done that.” he said. That means the drones move livestock faster, with less stress, than the dogs do.
Farmers told RNZ the drones come in handy for more than just herding cows and sheep. The robots allow farmers to monitor their land from afar, monitoring water and feed levels and checking on livestock health without disturbing the animals.
Jason Rentoul told RNZ last spring that a two-hour herding job that used to require two people and two teams of dogs could be accomplished in 45 minutes using a single drone.“Being a hilly farm where a lot of stuff is done on foot, the drones really saved a lot of man hours,” he said. “The drone does the higher bits that you can’t see (from the ground). Before using drones, you would (otherwise) have to walk half an hour to go and have a look and then say, “Oh, there are no sheep here.”
Farmers all over the world are using drones. In South Africa, they monitor crop health from above, which boosts harvests, according to CNN. In California, winemakers use drones equipped with sensors to grow healthier grapes, according to MIT Technology Review. Because drones fly closer to the ground, they are able to provide high-resolution images that are less expensive than hiring someone to fly over a field in a manned aircraft, the publication reported.
For now, farmers in New Zealand say, some dogs are already learning to work alongside drones, identifying the machines as more co-worker than enemy. Besides, there is still a need for herding dogs, primarily because they have a longer life span than drones, can work in bad weather and do not require an electrical socket (插座) every few hours to recharge.
61. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 probably refers to“_____”.
A. farmers’ order
B. dogs’ barking
C. the call of sheep
D. the sound of loud speakers
62. What’s the advantage of drones according to the farmers?
A. They can be purchased at a low price.
B. They put less stress on livestock.
C. They can do more than one task efficiently.
D. They help them monitor weather conditions.
63. What does Paragraph 6 mainly talk about?
A. The secret to harvesting healthier grapes.
B. The application of drones in global agriculture.
C. How drones provide less expensive but clearer images.
D. Why manned aircraft are losing appeal for
64. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ________.
A. drones function normally in extreme weather
B. farmers are troubled by where to charge drones
C. the herding dogs show no enthusiasm to drones
D. drones cannot replace dogs entirely at the moment
【答案】61. B 62. C 63. B 64. D
【解析】
這是一篇說明文。在新西蘭一些農(nóng)場，無人機(jī)可以代替牧羊犬放牧，監(jiān)管牲畜。當(dāng)然無人機(jī)不能完全取代牧羊犬，更多的是互相合作。
【61題詳解】
詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句The DJI Mavic Enterprise, a $3,500 drone favored by farmers, has a feature that lets the machine record sounds and play them over a loud speaker, giving the machine the ability to imitate its canine counterparts.（農(nóng)民們最喜歡的價(jià)值3500美元的DJI Mavic Enterprise無人機(jī)，它有一個(gè)功能，可以讓機(jī)器錄下聲音，通過擴(kuò)音器播放，讓機(jī)器能夠模仿its canine counterparts.）及劃線詞所在句前的The robots have appropriated one of the animal’s effective tools: barking, Radio New Zealand reports.（新西蘭無線廣播電臺(tái)報(bào)道，機(jī)器人已經(jīng)可以盜用狗狗的有效武器：犬吠）可推知，its canine counterparts指的是上文所說的犬吠。故選B項(xiàng)。
【62題詳解】
推理判斷題。由第四段可知，無人機(jī)很好用，不僅僅只用來牧羊畜牧。還可以讓農(nóng)場主遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控土地情況，水源和供料情況以及檢查牲畜健康情況而不會(huì)干擾到它們。第五段第一句話Jason Rentoul told RNZ last spring that a two-hour herding job that used to require two people and two teams of dogs could be accomplished in 45 minutes using a single drone.（去年春天，Jason Rentoul告訴RNZ，一項(xiàng)過去需要兩個(gè)人和兩組狗的兩個(gè)小時(shí)的放牧工作可以用一架無人機(jī)在45分鐘內(nèi)完成）由此判斷，無人機(jī)的優(yōu)勢是能有效地完成多項(xiàng)任務(wù)。故選C項(xiàng)。
【63題詳解】
主旨大意題。第六段第一句話Farmers all over the world are using drones.（全世界的農(nóng)場主都在使用無人機(jī)）是中心句，下文用幾個(gè)事例進(jìn)一步說明無人機(jī)在全球各地農(nóng)業(yè)方面的運(yùn)用。故選B項(xiàng)。
【64題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的Besides, there is still a need for herding dogs, primarily because they have a longer life span than drones, can work in bad weather and do not require an electrical socket (插座) every few hours to recharge.（此外，人們?nèi)匀恍枰裂蛉饕且驗(yàn)樗鼈兊膲勖葻o人機(jī)長，可以在惡劣天氣下工作，而且不需要每隔幾小時(shí)充電一次）可推知，目前無人機(jī)還不能完全取代狗狗。故選D項(xiàng)。
D
The outstanding biography — from the same author who brought us Steve Jobs and Einstein —portrays the life of the complicated Renaissance (文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期的) artist with details. We come to see da Vinci as not only an inventor of musical instruments and early flying machines, but also a notebook keeper and vegetarian (素食者), who had trouble finishing many of the projects and paintings he started.
Yet what is most thrilling is getting to know da Vinci the scientist. Isaacson explains how loving science and applying the scientific method to observing the world was really what made da Vinci a great artist and, Isaacson argues, a genius.
Da Vinci was fascinated with observing and understanding phenomena in nature, from the proportions of the human body to how the muscles of the lips moved. He wanted to know about everything around him, in minute detail, Isaacson writes. He wondered about questions “most people over the age of ten no longer puzzle about”— for instance, how the tongue of a woodpecker works.
To learn about the world, da Vinci combined his own observations with experimentation. Never formally schooled, “he preferred to induce from experiments rather than deduce from theoretical principles,” Isaacson explains. He recorded his observations, looked for patterns among them, and then tested those patterns through additional observation and experimentation.
When he became fascinated with the idea that he could invent flying machines, three and a half centuries before the Wright brothers flew the first airplane, he observed various birds and filled notebooks with the function and speed at which their wings flapped. That’s why Isaacson calls da Vinci an exemplar of this scientific method.”He goes on:“Galileo, born 112 years after Leonardo, is usually credited with being the first to develop this kind of approach and is often regarded as the father of modern science,” the historian Fritjof Capra wrote. “There can be no doubt that this honor would have been bestowed (賜予) on Leonardo da Vinci had he published his scientific writings during his lifetime, or had his notebooks been widely studied soon after his death.”
Da Vinci’s emphasis on empirical observation also helped him improve his art. First, he was able to use what he learned from looking at nature to paint and draw. His studies of the body, animals, motion, shadow and light, perspective and proportion helped him better understand what he was seeing in front of him, and render it in art more accurately and finely than anyone else of his time. He also used his observations of nature to make connections among phenomena. A recorder (豎笛) was like a larynx (喉管) in the throat. Here’s Isaacson again: What Leonardo probably began as four distinct elements ended up woven together in a way that illustrates a fundamental theme in his art and science: the interconnectedness of nature, the unity of its patterns, and the similarity between the workings of the human body and those of the earth.
Most importantly, his curiosity-driven explorations, and ability to connect art and science, helped him innovate in his work. They helped him think differently, Isaacson argues. Da Vinci made surprisingly diverse series of discoveries, including conceptualizing the helicopter and solar power and advancing knowledge about everything from the reproductive organs to botany. This genius is also what drew Isaacson to Albert Einstein and Steve Jobs as subjects: They’re all innovators who were inspired by and drew connections between art and science.
“Leonardo da Vinci is the ultimate example of the main theme of my previous biographies: how the ability to make connections across disciplines — arts and sciences, humanities and technology — is a key to innovation, imagination, and genius,” Isaacson writes. And this wonderful book is a reminder, in a time of increasingly narrow specialization and focus, that the methods of Renaissance men like da Vinci are as relevant as ever.
65. What is the highlight of da Vinci’s biography?
A. His unfinished paintings.
B. His preference for vegetables.
C. His spirit of exploring science.
D. His opposition to formal education.
66. What made da Vinci’s thinking different from others?
A. He was used to skipping school.
B. He kept his childhood’s sense of curiosity.
C. He was filled with ambition to become an artist and inventor.
D. He developed a fascination with historical novels.
67. Why does Isaacson mention Galileo in the book?
A. To introduce his important findings.
B. To memorize the father of modern science.
C. To show the prejudice faced by da Vinci during his lifetime.
D. To illustrate the significance of da Vinci’s research method.
68. The underlined word “render” in Paragraph 6 can be replaced by“_____”.
A. express B. mix C. confirm D. associate
69. What does Isaacson think of the methods of Renaissance men?
A. They are too complicated to understand.
B. They focus on the workings of the human body.
C. They are more accurate than modern methods.
D. They still apply to contemporary scientific research.
70. What might be the best title for the passage?
A. How a Genius Changed the World
B. The Features of Renaissance Art
C. How Science Shaped His Art
D. The Comparison between Induction and Deduction
【答案】65. C 66. B 67. D 68. A 69. D 70. C
【解析】
本文是說明文。文章介紹了熱愛科學(xué)并運(yùn)用科學(xué)方法觀察世界，是達(dá)芬奇成為偉大藝術(shù)家和天才的真正原因。
【65題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的Isaacson explains how loving science and applying the scientific method to observing the world was really what made da Vinci a great artist and, Isaacson argues, a genius.（艾薩克森解釋道，熱愛科學(xué)并運(yùn)用科學(xué)方法觀察世界，正是達(dá)芬奇成為偉大藝術(shù)家和天才的真正原因）可知，熱愛科學(xué)并運(yùn)用科學(xué)方法觀察世界，正是達(dá)芬奇成為偉大藝術(shù)家和天才的真正原因。由此可知，達(dá)芬奇?zhèn)饔浀牧咙c(diǎn)是他探索科學(xué)的精神。故選C項(xiàng)。
【66題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的He wondered about questions “most people over the age of ten no longer puzzle about”— for instance, how the tongue of a woodpecker works.（他想知道“大多數(shù)十歲以上的人不再困惑的問題”——例如，啄木鳥的舌頭是如何工作的）可知，?他保持了童年的好奇心。故選B項(xiàng)。
【67題詳解】
邏輯推理題。根據(jù)第五段中That’s why Isaacson calls da Vinci an exemplar of this scientific method. ”He goes on: “Galileo, born 112 years after Leonardo, is usually credited with being the first to develop this kind of approach and is often regarded as the father of modern science,（這就是為什么艾薩克森稱達(dá)芬奇是這種科學(xué)方法的典范。他繼續(xù)寫道:“伽利略，比列奧納多晚出生112年，通常被認(rèn)為是第一個(gè)提出這種方法的人，通常被認(rèn)為是現(xiàn)代科學(xué)之父，）可知，艾薩克森在書中提到伽利略是為了說明達(dá)芬奇研究方法的意義。故選D項(xiàng)。
【68題詳解】
詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句子His studies of the body, animals, motion, shadow and light, perspective and proportion helped him better understand what he was seeing in front of him, and?render?it in art more accurately and finely than anyone else of his time.可知，他對(duì)身體、動(dòng)物、運(yùn)動(dòng)、影子和光線、透視和比例的研究幫助他更好地理解眼前的事物，并且比同時(shí)代的任何人都更準(zhǔn)確、更細(xì)致地將其呈現(xiàn)在藝術(shù)中。所以render譯為“表達(dá)，體現(xiàn)”。故選A項(xiàng)。
【69題詳解】
推理判斷題。由最后一段And this wonderful book is a reminder, in a time of increasingly narrow specialization and focus, that the methods of Renaissance men like da Vinci are as relevant as ever.（這本精彩的書是一個(gè)提醒，在一個(gè)越來越狹隘的專業(yè)化和聚焦的時(shí)代，像達(dá)芬奇這樣的文藝復(fù)興人的方法和以往一樣重要）可知，艾薩克森認(rèn)為文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期的人們的方法仍然適用于當(dāng)代科學(xué)研究。故選D項(xiàng)。
【70題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中的Isaacson explains how loving science and applying the scientific method to observing the world was really what made da Vinci a great artist and, Isaacson argues, a genius.（艾薩克森解釋道，熱愛科學(xué)并運(yùn)用科學(xué)方法觀察世界，正是達(dá)芬奇成為偉大藝術(shù)家和天才的真正原因）可知，熱愛科學(xué)并運(yùn)用科學(xué)方法觀察世界，正是達(dá)芬奇成為偉大藝術(shù)家和天才的真正原因。下文對(duì)此進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)介紹。由此可知，C項(xiàng)How Science Shaped His Art（科學(xué)如何塑造他（達(dá)芬奇）的藝術(shù)）適合做本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。
第Ⅱ卷 非選擇題(共35分)
第四部分:任務(wù)型閱讀(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)
請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。
Anxiety is a typical human reaction to stress. But too much anxiety can get in the way of living a healthy, happy life. If you feel caught up in your anxiety, try one or a few of the following exercises anytime and anywhere to find relief.
When you’re feeling anxious, you might notice that your heart rate and breathing get a bit faster. First, you should sit in a quiet and comfortable place. Put one of your hands on your chest and the other on your stomach.
Then take a slow and regular breath in through your nose. Watch and sense your hands as you breathe in. The hand on your chest should remain still while the hand on your stomach will move slightly. Breathe out through your mouth slowly. Repeat this process at least 10 times or until you begin to feel relaxed.
If it doesn’t work, try think of your ideal place that you find very calming, happy, peaceful, and safe. Think about how the place would smell, feel, and sound. Envision yourself in that place, enjoying it comfortably.
Once you have a good picture of your “happy place,” close your eyes and take slow and regular breaths through your nose and out of your mouth. Be aware of your breathing and continue focusing on the place you’ve imagined in your mind until you feel your anxiety lifting.
But it can be hard to think clearly when you feel anxious. Sometimes anxious thinking can make us believe harmful thoughts that are untrue or make us do things that make our anxiety worse. Here’s how to avoid so: ask yourself whether endless worry is a problem for you. If the answer is yes, it’s good to be aware of that. Then try different ways such as singing a silly song, , listening to music, reading a book or the like.
Counting is also a simple way to ease your anxiety. When you feel anxiety washing over you, close your eyes and slowly count to 10. If necessary, repeat and count to 20 or an even higher number. Keep counting until you feel ease.
Sometimes this relief occurs quickly, but other times it might take a while. Stay calm and patient. It’s a great tool to use in a crowded or busy space where you can’t do other anxiety exercises.
Choose an anxiety exercise and try it until you’re feeling relaxed. If one exercise doesn’t work, try a different one. But anxiety exercises may not work for those with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). If you have GAD, consult your doctor for more effective treatment options.
Anxiety exercises to help you relax
Introduction
Too much anxiety can ___71___ with your healthy and happy life. One or a few of the exercises can help you relieve yourself anytime and anywhere.
Relax by ___72___
Controlling your breath can help address your body’s stress ___73___, like increased heart rate and rapid breathing.
*Find a quiet and comfortable place, and breathe in slowly and regularly through your nose, with one hand on your chest remaining still and the other on your stomach ___74___ slightly
Relax by visualizing
Paint a mental picture of a place that makes your relaxed and happy.
*Find an ideal place to relax and imagine enjoying yourself while thinking of the ___75___.
*Take slow and regular breaths through your nose and out of your mouth, with your eyes closed and your attention ___76___ on the happy place.
Relax by interrupting your anxious thinking
Anxiety thinking can result in a bad ___77___. It’s helpful to break it.
*Identify the problem and try different ways like singing a silly song, , listening to music, reading a book and so on.
Relax by ___78___
When other anxiety exercises might be challenging to ___79___ out, counting may work.
*Keep counting slowly until you find your anxiety decreasing.
Conclusion
Choose one anxiety exercises and keep trying until you feel ___80___ anxious. However, it makes sense for those with GAD to consult doctors.


【答案】71. interfere
72. breathing
73. responses/reactions
74. moving 75. details
76. focused/fixed
77. cycle 78. counting
79. carry 80. less
【解析】
【分析】
這是一篇議論文。文章主要介紹了幾種緩解焦慮的練習(xí)方法，來幫助人們放松。
【71題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞interfere 根據(jù)第一段“But too much anxiety can get in the way of living a healthy, happy life.”可知，太多的焦慮可能會(huì)阻礙人們過健康而幸福的生活。原文用了get in the way,表格用了固定短語interfere with，與get in the way意思相近，故填interfere。
【72題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞breathing 根據(jù)第三段“Then take a slow and regular breath in through your nose.”可知，你可以通過你的鼻子慢慢地、有規(guī)律地呼吸。這里是建議人們通過呼吸去緩解焦慮。結(jié)合表格，跟在介詞by后，要用動(dòng)名詞，故填breathing。
【73題詳解】
考查名詞responses/reactions 根據(jù)第二段“When you’re feeling anxious, you might notice that your heart rate and breathing get a bit faster.”可知，當(dāng)你焦慮時(shí)，你可能會(huì)注意到自己心跳加快，呼吸急促。這些都是焦慮的正常反應(yīng)。再結(jié)合第一段“Anxiety is a typical human reaction to stress.”可知焦慮是人對(duì)壓力的典型反應(yīng)。結(jié)合表格，控制呼吸可以幫助處理一些壓力的反應(yīng)，故填reactions或responses。
【74題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞moving 根據(jù)第三段“The hand on your chest should remain still while the hand on your stomach will move slightly.”可知，放在胸部的手不動(dòng)，而放在胃部的另一只手輕輕移動(dòng)。結(jié)合表格，這里是with 后面的復(fù)合賓語，手跟移動(dòng)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填現(xiàn)在分詞moving。
【75題詳解】
考查名詞details 根據(jù)第四段“Think about how the place would smell, feel, and sound. Envision yourself in that place, enjoying it comfortably.”可知，想象一下這個(gè)地方是什么味道，感覺怎樣，聽起來怎樣。想象自己身在其中，舒適地去享受。所以這里是利用想象來放松，通過想象你所處地方的各種細(xì)節(jié)，來沉浸其中，達(dá)到放松效果。故填details。
【76題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞focused/fixed 根據(jù)第五段“Be aware of your breathing and continue focusing on the place you’ve imagined in your mind until you feel your anxiety lifting.”可知，要注意自己的呼吸，關(guān)注點(diǎn)在你所想象的這個(gè)地方，直到自己感到不怎么焦慮了。結(jié)合表格，fix/focus one’s attention on 與原文的focus on剛好意思相近，而且這里是with 后面的復(fù)合賓語，attention與focus或者fix之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填過去分詞focused或fixed。
【77題詳解】
考查名詞cycle 根據(jù)第六段“Sometimes anxious thinking can make us believe harmful thoughts that are untrue or make us do things that make our anxiety worse.”，有時(shí)焦慮時(shí)的思維會(huì)讓我們相信一些不真實(shí)的想法，或者讓我們?nèi)プ鲆恍┦虑槭棺约焊箲]。這正如一個(gè)惡性循環(huán)。a bad cycle是固定短語，意為惡性循環(huán)。故填cycle。
【78題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞counting 根據(jù)第七段“Counting is also a simple way to ease your anxiety.”可知，數(shù)數(shù)也是一種簡單的緩解焦慮的方法。結(jié)合表格，此處是作介詞by的賓語，需要用動(dòng)名詞形式，故填counting。
【79題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞carry 根據(jù)表格，這是本文推薦的最后一個(gè)方法。所以當(dāng)表格中提到，當(dāng)其他方法不奏效，或者執(zhí)行起來比較難的時(shí)候，可以試試數(shù)數(shù)。carry out意為執(zhí)行，而且此處是跟在動(dòng)詞不定式to后，填動(dòng)詞原形，故填carry。
【80題詳解】
考查副詞less 根據(jù)最后一段“Choose an anxiety exercise and try it until you’re feeling relaxed.”可知，選擇一種焦慮練習(xí)法，試著做，直到你感覺放松了。結(jié)合表格，此處的直到你感覺不怎么焦慮跟原文的感覺放松意思相近。less anxious不怎么焦慮。故填less。
【點(diǎn)睛】解任務(wù)型閱讀既要理解原文，也要理解表格。表格是對(duì)原文結(jié)構(gòu)的一種再梳理，填詞時(shí)要正確定位原文，找到相對(duì)應(yīng)的句子或短語，繼而進(jìn)行短語替換或詞匯的改變或句型的轉(zhuǎn)換。比如第一題，我們找到原文里的get in the way與表格里的短語____ with對(duì)應(yīng)，所以我們填interfere with;再比如第三題，表格里要求填控制呼吸可以幫助處理壓力的一些______。我們定位到第二段“When you’re feeling anxious, you might notice that your heart rate and breathing get a bit faster.”可知，當(dāng)你焦慮時(shí)，你可能會(huì)注意到自己心跳加快，呼吸急促。這些都是焦慮的正常反應(yīng)。再結(jié)合第一段“Anxiety is a typical human reaction to stress.”可知焦慮是人對(duì)壓力的典型反應(yīng)。所以，這里填reactions或responses。
第五部分:書面表達(dá)(共1小題；滿分25分)
81.請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下列材料和圖表，并按照要求用英語寫一篇150詞左右的文章。
Campus security has recently attracted wide public attention. In order to ensure the safety of teachers and students, our school prohibits strangers, students’ parents included, from entering the campus at will. This rule has aroused a strong response from parents. For this reason, our school has recently conducted a public opinion survey among students on whether parents should enter campus. The results of the survey are as follows.

【寫作內(nèi)容】
1.用約30個(gè)單詞概括閱讀材料的主要內(nèi)容；
2.用約120個(gè)單詞簡要描述圖中的信息(包括人數(shù)比率、觀點(diǎn)及原因)；并就“家長該不該進(jìn)校園”談?wù)勀愕目捶ê屠碛伞?br /> 【寫作要求】
1.可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；
2.不必寫標(biāo)題；
3.作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱。
【評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)】
概括準(zhǔn)確，語言規(guī)范，內(nèi)容合適，語篇連貫。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Possible version 1 (不贊同):
To ensure security, strangers including parents are banned from entering our campus, which has brought about heated discussions among parents. So a survey has been made among the students about whether parents should be included.
According to the survey, 60% of the students think parents should be included because it is a rule everyone should obey. Another 25% subscribe to the view that there is no need for the ban as their beloved parents couldn’t be a danger to anyone. However, the rest think the guards can make a proper decision depending on certain situations.
Personally, I agree with most students. As the saying goes, “Prevention is better than cure.” Proper measures should be taken before it’s too late. As for parents, they have some other ways to keep in touch with their children, like making calls or asking for teachers’ help. All in all, campus security calls for everyone’s concern and cooperation.
Possible version 2 (不贊同):
To ensure security, strangers including parents are banned from entering our campus, which has brought about heated discussions among parents. So a survey has been made among the students about whether parents should be included.
According to the survey, 60% of the students think parents should be included because it is a rule everyone should obey. Another 25% subscribe to the view that there is no need for the ban as their beloved parents couldn’t be a danger to anyone. However, the rest think the guards can make a proper decision depending on certain situations.
I agree parents can enter campus according to the actual situation. For example, if parents come to school at the request of their children who need any help, or at the invitation of the school, the head teacher or the subject teacher to exchange information about their children’s learning, then I think the guard should let the parents into campus after contacting the relevant personnel and registering the parents’ identity information.
【解析】
【分析】
這是一篇讀寫類作文。要求考生先用30個(gè)字左右概括閱讀材料，簡要描述圖中信息，并就“家長該不該進(jìn)校園”發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)并闡明理由。概括短文內(nèi)容應(yīng)用第三人稱。全文主要時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
【詳解】第一步：審題
體裁：讀寫類作文
時(shí)態(tài)：概括短文內(nèi)容應(yīng)用第三人稱。全文主要時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
結(jié)構(gòu)：總分法
???總分法指把主題句作為總說，把支持句作為分說，并以這種方式安排所寫內(nèi)容。
寫作要點(diǎn)：1.用約30字概括閱讀材料內(nèi)容。
（1） 為了安全起見，學(xué)校禁止陌生人包括家長進(jìn)入校園，這在家長之間產(chǎn)生了一些熱議。
（2） 因?yàn)檫@些熱議，學(xué)校進(jìn)行了一些調(diào)查。
2.簡要描述圖中信息，比如人數(shù)比率、觀點(diǎn)及原因等。
3.就“家長該不該進(jìn)?！卑l(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)和理由（贊成或反對(duì)）。
第二步:列提綱 （重點(diǎn)詞組）
be banned from；bring about heated discussions
subscribe to the view；there is no need；be a danger to；depending on certain situations；agree with；keep in touch with；call for（不贊成父母進(jìn)校）
at the request of; at the invitation of;（不贊成禁止父母進(jìn)校）
第三步：連詞成句
1. To ensure security, strangers including parents are banned from entering our campus, which has brought about heated discussions among parents.
2. Another 25% subscribe to the view that there is no need for the ban as their beloved parents couldn’t be a danger to anyone.
3. As the saying goes, “Prevention is better than cure.”(不贊成父母進(jìn)學(xué)校)
4. All in all, campus security calls for everyone’s concern and cooperation.（不贊成禁止父母進(jìn)學(xué)校）
根據(jù)提示及關(guān)鍵詞（組）進(jìn)行遣詞造句，注意主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)問題。
第四步：連句成篇（銜接詞）
1.表文章結(jié)構(gòu)順序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列補(bǔ)充關(guān)系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,
3.表轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比關(guān)系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(從句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…
4.表因果關(guān)系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
連句成文，注意使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞進(jìn)行句子之間的銜接與過渡，書寫一定要規(guī)范清晰，
第五步：潤色修改
【點(diǎn)睛】范文內(nèi)容完整，要點(diǎn)全面，語言規(guī)范，語篇連貫，詞數(shù)適當(dāng)，上下文意思連貫，符合邏輯關(guān)系。作者在兩篇范文中都使用了較多高級(jí)短語或句型，比如范文1里的be banned from；subscribe to the view；call for；there is no need和范文2中的at the request of; at the invitation of。范文1里還用到了主從復(fù)合句與俗語的結(jié)合，如：As the saying goes, “Prevention is better than cure.”既運(yùn)用了as引導(dǎo)的定語從句，又結(jié)合了俗語。范文2運(yùn)用了復(fù)合句，如For example, if parents come to school at the request of their children who need any help, or at the invitation of the school, the head teacher or the subject teacher to exchange information about their children’s learning, then I think the guard should let the parents into campus after contacting the relevant personnel and registering the parents’ identity information.這是一個(gè)if條件狀語從句和主句構(gòu)成的復(fù)合句。全文中沒有中國式英語的句式，顯示了很高的駕馭英語的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、層次分明，上下句轉(zhuǎn)換自然，為文章增色添彩。




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