一、知識(shí)講解
(一)記敘文結(jié)構(gòu):開(kāi)頭→經(jīng)過(guò)→結(jié)局
記敘文通常有清晰的結(jié)構(gòu),開(kāi)頭用于介紹故事的背景,包括人物、時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)等基本信息,讓讀者對(duì)故事有初步的了解;經(jīng)過(guò)是故事的核心部分,描述事件的發(fā)展過(guò)程,充滿了各種情節(jié)和沖突;結(jié)局則是故事的收尾,交代事件的最終結(jié)果。
例如教材中的一個(gè)小故事:
開(kāi)頭:It was Sunday mrning. Lily and her parents were at hme.(點(diǎn)明時(shí)間是周日早上,人物是莉莉和她的父母,地點(diǎn)在家。)
經(jīng)過(guò):Lily wanted t g t the park. Her parents agreed. They tk a bus t the park. In the park, they saw beautiful flwers, played games and had a picnic. But then it started t rain.(描述了他們?nèi)ス珗@的過(guò)程以及在公園的活動(dòng),還出現(xiàn)了下雨這個(gè)情節(jié)沖突。)
結(jié)局:They had t g hme quickly. Althugh they didn't finish their picnic, they still had a gd time.(說(shuō)明了故事的最終結(jié)果,雖然野餐沒(méi)完成,但他們還是很開(kāi)心。)
練習(xí)題 1
閱讀下面的小短文,找出開(kāi)頭部分交代的時(shí)間、人物和地點(diǎn)。
It was Saturday afternn. Tm and his friends were in the schl playgrund. They wanted t play basketball.
(1)時(shí)間:________________
(2)人物:________________
(3)地點(diǎn):________________
請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面提供的信息,寫出一篇記敘文的開(kāi)頭。
時(shí)間:last summer vacatin
人物:Mike and his family
地點(diǎn):the beach



(二)“人物 / 時(shí)間 / 地點(diǎn)” 信息提取
在閱讀記敘文時(shí),準(zhǔn)確提取 “人物 / 時(shí)間 / 地點(diǎn)” 信息非常重要,這有助于我們理解故事內(nèi)容。我們可以通過(guò)尋找關(guān)鍵詞來(lái)確定這些信息,比如表示時(shí)間的詞(yesterday、last week 等),表示人物的名字或身份,以及表示地點(diǎn)的名詞(schl、park 等)。
例如閱讀短文:Yesterday, Lucy went t the library. She brrwed sme bks abut animals. There were many peple in the library. 在這個(gè)短文中,時(shí)間是 Yesterday,人物是 Lucy,地點(diǎn)是 the library。
練習(xí)題 2
閱讀短文,回答問(wèn)題。
Last Sunday, Peter went t the z with his sister. They saw many animals there. First, they saw mnkeys. Then they watched the elephants. They had a great time.
(1)When did Peter g t the z?

(2)Wh did Peter g t the z with?

(3)Where did Peter g?

閱讀短文,圈出表示人物、時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)的關(guān)鍵詞。
On Saturday mrning, Mary and her mther went t the supermarket. They bught sme fd and drinks. The supermarket was very crwded.
二、綜合練習(xí)題
閱讀下面的記敘文,完成后面的題目。
It was a sunny day last weekend. Jhn, his brther and their parents decided t g t the muntains. They gt up early in the mrning and drve fr abut tw hurs t get there.
When they arrived, they saw a lt f peple. Sme were climbing the muntains, and sme were taking pictures. Jhn and his brther were very excited. They started t climb the muntains quickly. Their parents walked slwly behind them.
On the way, Jhn saw a small rabbit. He wanted t catch it, but the rabbit ran away quickly. After a while, they gt t the tp f the muntain. They were very tired but happy. They tk many pictures there.
In the afternn, they went dwn the muntain and had a big meal in a restaurant near the muntain. Then they drve back hme. It was a really great day.
選擇題。
(1)The stry happened ( ).
A. n Saturday B. n Sunday C. last week
(2)Wh went t the muntains? ( )
A. Jhn and his brther. B. Jhn and his parents.
C. Jhn, his brther and their parents.
(3)Where did they have a meal? ( )
A. At hme. B. In a restaurant near the muntain.
C. In a restaurant in the city.
回答問(wèn)題。
(1)Hw did they g t the muntains?

What did Jhn see n the way?

Hw did they feel when they gt t the tp f the muntain?

請(qǐng)按照記敘文的結(jié)構(gòu),概括這篇短文的主要內(nèi)容。
(1)開(kāi)頭:________________
(2)經(jīng)過(guò):________________
(3)結(jié)局:________________
三、參考答案
(一)練習(xí)題 1
(1)時(shí)間:Saturday afternn
(2)人物:Tm and his friends
(3)地點(diǎn):the schl playgrund
答案示例:Last summer vacatin, Mike and his family went t the beach. They were lking frward t having a great time there.
(二)練習(xí)題 2
(1)When did Peter g t the z? 答案:Last Sunday.
(2)Wh did Peter g t the z with? 答案:His sister.
(3)Where did Peter g? 答案:The z.
人物:Mary、her mther;時(shí)間:On Saturday mrning;地點(diǎn):the supermarket
(三)綜合練習(xí)題
選擇題。
(1)答案:B。解析:文中第一句提到 “It was a sunny day last weekend.” 以及 “They gt up early in the mrning” 和 “In the afternn” 等時(shí)間描述,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知是周日,所以選 B。
(2)答案:C。解析:文中提到 “Jhn, his brther and their parents decided t g t the muntains.”,所以選 C。
(3)答案:B。解析:文中明確說(shuō) “they went dwn the muntain and had a big meal in a restaurant near the muntain.”,所以選 B。
回答問(wèn)題。
(1)Hw did they g t the muntains? 答案:They drve t the muntains. 解析:文中提到 “They gt up early in the mrning and drve fr abut tw hurs t get there.”,說(shuō)明他們是開(kāi)車去的。
(2)What did Jhn see n the way? 答案:He saw a small rabbit. 解析:文中 “On the way, Jhn saw a small rabbit.” 表明他在路上看到了一只小兔子。
(3)Hw did they feel when they gt t the tp f the muntain? 答案:They were very tired but happy. 解析:文中 “After a while, they gt t the tp f the muntain. They were very tired but happy.” 直接給出了答案。
請(qǐng)按照記敘文的結(jié)構(gòu),概括這篇短文的主要內(nèi)容。
(1)開(kāi)頭:上周末一個(gè)陽(yáng)光明媚的日子,約翰、他的哥哥和父母決定去爬山,他們?cè)缟显缙痖_(kāi)車兩小時(shí)到達(dá)那里。
(2)經(jīng)過(guò):到達(dá)后看到很多人,約翰和哥哥興奮地快速爬山,父母在后面慢慢走,約翰途中看到一只小兔子但沒(méi)抓到,最后他們到達(dá)山頂并拍了很多照片。
(3)結(jié)局:下午他們下山,在山附近的餐館吃了一頓大餐,然后開(kāi)車回家,這一天過(guò)得很愉快。

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