北京市平谷區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高二上冊(cè)12月月考英語(yǔ)學(xué)情檢測(cè)試題（附答案）

這是一份北京市平谷區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高二上冊(cè)12月月考英語(yǔ)學(xué)情檢測(cè)試題（附答案），共16頁(yè)。試卷主要包含了完形填空，語(yǔ)法填空，選詞填空，閱讀理解等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。
一、完形填空（本大題共1小題）
Sme dreams take lnger t cme true than thers, but with the help f 21st-century scial media and her great-grandsn, at the age f 110, ne British wman is 1 hers at lng last.
At the end f Wrld War I, Amy Hawkins was a 7-year-ld child wh lved nthing mre than t 2 . As a teen, Hawkins set her 3 n becming an entertainer. Hawkins was n her way, turing the cuntry with a dance trupe (歌舞團(tuán)) — until her ambitin was 4 by her mm, wh didn’t see it as a respectable 5 fr a yung lady.
All these years later, the 110-year-ld lady lives at hme in Mnmuth, Suth Wales, surrunded by her lved nes. The fur-generatin family unit includes her granddaughter, Hannah Freeman, and Freeman’s 14-year-ld sn, Sacha. Even thugh she’s n lnger ding it 6 , Hawkins has never stpped singing.
“She’s like a clck, nce yu wind her up she wn’t stp,” Freeman said in an interview. “She just keeps asking, ‘Wuld yu 7 anther ne?’.”
On Hawkins’ 110th birthday, Sacha 8 his great-gran singing ne f her favrite WWI tunes. When Freeman jkingly suggested Sacha pst it t TikTk, neither f them culd have 9 the verwhelmingly psitive respnse it wuld receive, reaching 100,000 views and a large number f emtinal praises in just days.
Sme jurneys take lnger than thers. Smetimes, we’re detured (繞路) alng the way. Dreams can and d cme true every day. While it’s been a lng time cming, Amy Hawkins is 10 a whle new generatin f fans.
1．A．reflectingB．realizingC．recallingD．researching
2．A．singB．studyC．paintD．film
3．A．valuesB．limitsC．sightsD．hands
4．A．cut backB．cut inC．cut thrughD．cut shrt
5．A．methdB．gradeC．levelD．ccupatin
6．A．nervuslyB．prfessinallyC．reasnablyD．secretly
7．A．bringB．haveC．likeD．read
8．A．caughtB．videedC．reprtedD．remembered
9．A．imaginedB．nticedC．missedD．suspected
10．A．entertainingB．becmingC．representingD．inviting
二、語(yǔ)法填空（本大題共3小題）
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
When yu take a walk in any f the cities in the West, yu ften see a lt f peple 11 (walk) with dgs. It is still true that the dg is the mst faithful animals in the wrld. But the reasns 12 peple keep a dg have changed a lt. In the ld days, peple used t train dgs t prtect themselves against the attacks 13 ther beasts. Nw peple in the city keep dgs t prtect themselves, but the mst imprtant reasn is cmpaninship.
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
A hutng is a typical ancient city street in Beijing. 14 (surrund) the Frbidden City, many hutngs were built during the Yuan, Ming and Qing 15 (dynasty). At the end f the Qing dynasty, many ld hutngs lst their frmer neat arrangement. Since the funding f the new China in 1949, hutng cnditins 16 (imprve). But in recent years, mdern buildings have replaced the huses in many hutngs.
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
Of all the wrks f William Shakespeare that have graced the theaters in China, Hamlet is 17 (arguable) the mst famus amng Chinese audiences. It has als been adapted many times in the cuntry. Veteran Chinese actrs Hu Jun, Pu Cunxi and Lu Fang will play the leading rles, alng 18 a grup f yunger actrs including Mia Chi, Li Shilng and Jing Xi. “When we started wrking n adapting Shakespeare’s plays, we kept asking questins — varius questins that culd help us t understand the playwright’s 19 (intent),” says Li Liuyi, wh als wrks with the Beijing Peple’s Art Theater and 20 wrks cver traditinal Chinese peras, avant-garde plays, Western peras and ballet.
三、選詞填空（本大題共1小題）
閱讀下面句子，根據(jù)句意，從方框中選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~或詞組并用其正確形式填空。
21．I dn’t feel I’m achieving my full in my present jb.
22．Despite the game, United culdn’t scre and lst 2-0.
23．Yu’ll have t wrk hard if yu want t in life.
24．Whle villages by the flds, which astnished everyne present.
25．A recent pinin piece suggests children are ut f cntrl, and it’s parents wh .
26．A study lng-distance runners is being dne at the Medical Center.
27．It’s useless trying t her (that) she desn’t need t lse any weight.
28．Yung peple must the present and keep their eyes firmly fixed n their futures.
29．He himself t prducing a new album as a gift t his father.
30．Since the earthquake struck, ffers f help in frm all ver the cuntry.
四、閱讀理解（本大題共5小題）
Dear Teresa Silva,
The fficial f the university has reprted t us that yu are an English majr wh meets the high standards fr membership in Sigma Tau Delta. As is knwn, Sigma Tau Delta was funded in 1924 at Dakta Wesleyan University. It is an internatinal cllegiate hnr sciety fr students f English. It presently has ver 850 chapters in the United States, Eurpe, the Middle East, and the Caribbean. Over 9,000 new members are admitted int the rganizatin annually.
Sigma Tau Delta’s purpse is t prmte literature and writing and t advance the study f the written wrd. Members gather annually in the spring at the internatinal meeting t present papers and share experiences and ideas within the English subject. The Sciety ffers tens f thusands f dllars in schlarships, awards, as well as publicatin chances in its jurnals The Rectangle and The Sigma Tau Delta Review.
It is ur pleasure if yu can cmplete the applicatin fr Sigma Tau Delta membership. If yu wuld like t be included in this spring’s inductin (入會(huì)) ceremny, please cmplete the applicatin frm, and include amunt t cver bth lcal and internatinal fees. Yur cmpleted frm must be received by date t be cnsidered fr the upcming inductin ceremny.
yur utstanding academic recrd and hpe yu will jin us as a Sigma Tau Delta member. If yu want t get mre infrmatin, please visit ur website , r give us a call. The phne number is 583-2864.
Sincerely,
Emily Lister
31．Accrding t the passage, Sigma Tau Delta ______.
A．deals with language learning
B．pens its dr t all the students f English
C．changes its members every year
D．mainly takes charge f scientific publicatins
32．At the annual meeting, members f Sigma Tau Delta have the chance t ______.
A．meet all the chapter leaders
B．receive tens f thusands f dllars
C．share experiences and views
D．chse a particular subject as a majr
33．This passage is basically a letter f _____.
A．intrductinB．cngratulatinC．thanksD．invitatin
Frm musician and philanthrpist (慈善家) Peter Buffett cmes a warm, wise, and inspiratinal bk that asks, Which will yu chse: the path with least difficulty r the path f ptentially greatest satisfactin?
Yu may think that with a last name like his, Buffett has enjyed a life f endless advantage. But the sn f billinaire Warren Buffett says that the nly real thing handed dwn frm his father was: Build yur wn path in life. It is a principle that has allwed him t fllw his wn interests, establish his wn identity, and gain his wn successes.
In Life Is What Yu Make It, Buffett describes the strng set f values given t him by his trusting and bradminded mther, his hardwrking and talented father, and the many life teachers he has met alng the way.
Tday’s sciety, Buffett believes, has changed a lt. Peple begin t enjy what they d, with a wealth ethic (財(cái)富倫理), hnr the payff instead f the prcess. Yet, by fcusing less n reward, we can pen drs f pprtunity and wrk hard tward a greater sense f satisfactin.
In clear and brief terms, Buffett explains a great truth: Life cannt be predicted and desn’t have a secnd chance, neither fair nr unfair. We see that ur jurney in life seldm fllws a straight line but is ften met with false starts, difficulties, and mistakes. Hw we push thrugh and dn’t give up at these challenging mments is where we begin t create the life f ur dreams — frm discvering ur careers t giving back t thers.
Persnal and instructive, Life Is What Yu Make It is abut challenging yur cnditin, taking cntrl f yur wn life and living it t the fullest.
34．What des Peter Buffett value mst abut his mther?
A．Intelligence.B．Independence.C．Bradmindedness.D．Hard wrk.
35．Which prverb can best express the main idea f the fifth paragraph?
A．Nbdy is perfect.B．Life is full f ups and dwns.
C．Where there is a will, there is a way.D．Failure is the mther f success.
36．Which f the fllwing is NOT true abut Peter Buffett?
A．He wrks n music.B．His father is very rich.
C．He wrte Life Is What Yu Make It.D．He thinks sciety has changed fr the better.
37．What is the main purpse f the text?
A．T intrduce a bk.B．T describe a writer.
C．T talk abut what life is abut.D．T discuss hw t live a meaningful life.
Life in the Clear
Tranrent animals let light pass thrugh their bdies the same way light passes thrugh a windw. These animals typically live between the surface f the cean and a depth f abut 3,300 feet---as far as mst light can reach. Mst f them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple tuch. Snke Jhnsen, a scientist in bilgy, says, “These animals live thrugh their life alne. They never tuch anything unless they’re eating it, r unless smething is eating them.”
And they are as clear as glass. Hw des an animal becme see-thrugh? It s trickier than yu might think.
The bjects arund yu are visible because they interact with light. Light typically travels in a straight line. But sme materials slw and scatter (散射) light, buncing it away frm its riginal path. Others absrb light, stpping it dead in its tracks. Bth scattering and absrptin make an bject lk different frm ther bjects arund it, s yu can see it easily.
But a tranrent bject desn’t absrb r scatter light, at least nt very much. Light can pass thrugh it withut bending r stpping. That means a tranrent bject desn’t lk very different frm the surrunding air r water. Yu dn’t see it yu see the things behind it.
T becme tranrent, an animal needs t keep its bdy frm absrbing r scattering light. Living materials can stp light because they cntain pigments (色素) that absrb specific clrs f light. But a tranrent animal desn’t have pigments, s its tissues wn’t absrb light. Accrding t Jhnsen, aviding absrptin is actually easy. The real challenge is preventing light frm scattering.
Animals are built f many different materials---skin, fat, and mre---and light mves thrugh each at a different speed. Every time light mves int a material with a new speed, it bends and scatters. Tranrent animals use different tricks t fight scattering. Sme animals are simply very small r extremely flat. Withut much tissue t scatter light, it is easier t be see-thrugh. Others build a large, clear mass f nn-living jelly-like (果凍狀的) material and spread themselves ver it.
Larger tranrent animals have the biggest challenge, because they have t make all the different tissues in their bdies slw dwn light exactly as much as water des. They need t lk unifrm. But hw they’re ding it is still unknwn. One thing is clear: fr these larger animals, staying tranrent is an active prcess. When they die, they turn a nn-tranrent milky white.
38．Accrding t Paragraph 1,tranrent animals .
A．stay in grupsB．can be easily damaged
C．a(chǎn)ppear nly in deep ceanD．a(chǎn)re beautiful creatures
39．The underlined wrd “dead” in Paragraph 3 means .
A．silentlyB．gradually
C．regularlyD．cmpletely
40．One way fr an animal t becme tranrent is t .
A．change the directin f light travelB．gather materials t scatter light
C．a(chǎn)vid the absrptin f lightD．grw bigger t stp light
41．The last paragraph tells us that larger tranrent animals .
A．mve mre slwly in deep water
B．stay see-thrugh even after death
C．prduce mre tissues fr their survival
D．take effective actin t reduce light spreading
It tk me mre than 10 years t realize that the wrld has n shrtage f fashin (時(shí)尚) designers wh have the ability t make trendy and elegant garments, but that it is badly in need f, simply, clthes designers. My wn definitins wuld set fashin and clthing greatly apart. It is a fact that, in the shpping malls, there are plenty f beautiful garments whse unpredictability makes ur life clrful and interesting. Yu are almst cnvinced: Yu can buy whatever yu dare t think.
There is n dubt that fashin designers are usually with high qualificatins. They study fashin trends, select clrs, and make sure the final prductin f their designs is dne prperly. Hwever, as experience grew with age, my attractin t arts became ever strnger. I have a strng desire fr clthing t stand as des paint t the painter, as des stne t the sculptr, as a simple and particular language f an individual creatin, which draws the audience frm an appreciatin f the surface t deeper thughts with the wrld f the sul. I believe that the mst meaningful creative mtives shuld arise thrugh caring fr ther peple, the great care f humanity — a cncern fr human feeling and spirituality. This includes lve, but it is bigger than lve, and it is uncnditinal. I believe the greatest wrks f art can tuch the deepest and strngest parts f human feelings and the wrld f the spirit, and nly these wrks can be the memries f histry, preserving the mst valuable feelings that have ever existed, and inspiring a greater awareness f urselves.
I am nt satisfied if peple nly appreciate clthing if it merely satisfies their desire. I believe clthing culd be a specific creative language fr cmmunicating ideas and thughts, fr inspiring yu and shaping yur behavir. Thse clthes fashined ut f necessity pssess a pwer that can cntinue t exist acrss the ages. This is what I have tried t achieve, the clthing t return t its riginal simplicity, the clthing t help peple regain the natural sense. The true fashin tday shuld nt fllw the trends. It shuld instead uncver the extrardinary in the rdinary, fr. I believe the pleasure yu get frm the clthing is nt its price, but its spirit.
42．Accrding t the writer, mst fashin designers are ______.
A．lack f imaginatinB．deep in thughtC．unprductiveD．trendy
43．By saying “This includes lve” in Paragraph 2, the writer regards “l(fā)ve” as ______.
A．a(chǎn) very imprtant part f the spiritual wrld
B．a(chǎn) frm f cncern fr human feeling and spirituality
C．ne f the mst meaningful creative mtivatins
D．what can be achieved thrugh the wrks f hand
44．The writer indicates that the primitive clthes are made as a result f ______.
A．respect fr natureB．spiritual valueC．necessityD．simplicity
45．What is the main idea f the passage?
A．Humanity is fundamental in fashin design.
B．The grwing fashin trends present human interest.
C．Designers must cncern fr the desire f cnsumers.
D．Fashin clthes have clse relatins with earth predictins.
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
What I Think f Bxing as a SprtBxing is a ppular sprt. Newpers, magazines and sprts prgrammes n TV frequently cver bxing matches. It culd be the tughest f all sprts t survive. It takes bxers hurs in the gym and years t develp the specific characteristics needed t be a great bxer. 46
It seems t me that sme peple, especially men, find it appealing because it is an aggressive sprt. When they watch a bxing match, they can identify with the winning bxer. This gives them the feeling f being a winner themselves. 47 They d that because the bxer cmes frm their wn cuntry, and if “their” bxer lses, they ften feel as if they have lst a fight themselves. It is a fact that many peple have feelings f aggressin frm time t time, but they cannt shw their aggressin in their everyday lives. Watching a bxing match gives them a way f expressing it．
48 Althugh bxers wear glves during the fights, and amateur bxers even have t wear helmets, a kind f strng hard hat, there have frequently been accidents in bth prfessinal and amateur bxing, smetimes with dramatic cnsequences. Bxers have suffered frm head injuries, and, ccasinally, fighters have even been killed as a result f being kncked ut in the ring. 49 They are usually in the frm f serius brain damage, even if a bxer has never been kncked ut.
T cnclude, I am persnally nt at all in favr f aggressive sprts like bxing． 50 We can celebrate mre men and wmen frm nn-aggressive sprts as ur heres in ur sciety. I believe that the wrld is aggressive enugh already! Of curse, peple like cmpetitive sprts, and s d I, but I think that hitting ther peple in an aggressive way is nt smething that shuld be regarded as a sprt．
A．Hwever, bxing can be a very dangerus sprt.
B．Smetimes fans are rting fr a particular bxer.
C．In bxing, fighters are required t hit a mving target.
D．Many fans are drawn t the sprt because they lve the cmpetitin.
E．Perhaps that is the reasn why successful bxers are treated as big heres.
F．I think it wuld be better if less time was given t aggressive sprts n TV.
G．Besides, studies have shwn that there are ften lng-term effects f bxing.
答案
【正確答案】
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．A
【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講述了Amy Hawkins從小喜歡唱歌并立志當(dāng)一名藝人，卻不被媽媽看好，直到她110歲時(shí)還在堅(jiān)持歌唱夢(mèng)想的故事。
1．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有些夢(mèng)想要比其他的更久才能實(shí)現(xiàn)，但在21世紀(jì)的社交媒體和她曾孫的幫助下，一位110歲的英國(guó)女性終于實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己的夢(mèng)想。A. reflecting反思，反射；B. realizing實(shí)現(xiàn)，意識(shí)到；C. recalling回憶；D. researching研究。根據(jù)上文“Sme dreams take lnger t cme true than thers”可知，空后的“hers”指代的就是dream“夢(mèng)想”。因此這里要用realizing。故選B項(xiàng)。
2．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：第一次世界大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束時(shí)，艾米·霍金斯還是個(gè)7歲的孩子，她最喜歡的就是唱歌。A. sing唱歌；B. study學(xué)習(xí)；C. paint畫(huà)畫(huà)；D. film電影，攝制電影。根據(jù)下文“Hawkins was n her way, turing the cuntry with a dance trupe (歌舞團(tuán))”和“Hawkins has never stpped singing.”可知，霍金斯最喜歡唱歌。故選A項(xiàng)。
3．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：霍金斯十幾歲時(shí)就立志要成為一名藝人。A. values價(jià)值；B. limits限制；C. sights視力，景象，眼界；D. hands手。根據(jù)本句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這里是短語(yǔ)set ne’s sight n“力求，立志于”。由此可見(jiàn)，十幾歲時(shí)的霍金斯立志要當(dāng)一個(gè)藝人。故選C項(xiàng)。
4．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：霍金斯當(dāng)時(shí)正在路上，她和一個(gè)舞蹈團(tuán)在全國(guó)巡回演出，直到她的夢(mèng)想被她的母親終止了，她的母親認(rèn)為這不是一個(gè)年輕女士應(yīng)該做的體面職業(yè)。A. cut back削減，修剪；B. cut in插嘴，超車(chē)；C. cut thrugh刺穿，抄近路走過(guò)；D. cut shrt縮短，打斷。根據(jù)下句“wh didn’t see it as a respectable 5 fr a yung lady”可知，霍金斯的媽媽認(rèn)為當(dāng)藝人不體面，由此可判斷出是不贊同她去走這條路的，因此霍金斯的雄心被中斷了。故選D項(xiàng)。
5．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：霍金斯當(dāng)時(shí)正在路上，她和一個(gè)舞蹈團(tuán)在全國(guó)巡回演出，直到她的夢(mèng)想被她的母親終止了，她的母親認(rèn)為這不是一個(gè)年輕女士應(yīng)該做的體面職業(yè)。A. methd方法；B. grade年級(jí)，分?jǐn)?shù)；C. level水平；D. ccupatin職業(yè)。根據(jù)上文中的“Hawkins set her 3 n becming an entertainer.”以及“until her ambitin was 4 by her mm”可判斷出，霍金斯長(zhǎng)大了想把當(dāng)藝人當(dāng)成一份工作，但是被媽媽不認(rèn)同，因?yàn)樗龐寢屨J(rèn)為藝人是一個(gè)不受尊重的職業(yè)。故選D項(xiàng)。
6．A.nervusly：盡管霍金斯已經(jīng)不再是職業(yè)歌手，但她從未停止過(guò)唱歌。A.nervusly焦慮地；B. prfessinally專(zhuān)業(yè)地；C. reasnably合理地；D. secretly秘密地。根據(jù)第二段第三句“until her ambitin was 4 by her mm, wh didn’t see it as a respectable 5 fr a yung lady.”可知，霍金斯由于媽阻撓，沒(méi)有從事唱歌這個(gè)職業(yè)，因此就有了，她不是職業(yè)歌手，但是從未停止唱歌。故選B項(xiàng)。
7．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她一直在問(wèn)，你想再聽(tīng)一首歌嗎？ A. bring帶來(lái)；B. have有；C. like喜歡；D. read讀。根據(jù)上文中的“She’s like a clck, nce yu wind her up she wn’t stp,” Freeman said in an interview.”可知，老婦人唱起歌來(lái)就停不下來(lái)，總是會(huì)問(wèn)要不要再聽(tīng)一首歌曲，wuld like想要，故選C項(xiàng)。
8．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在霍金斯110歲生日那天，薩夏拍下了他曾祖母唱她最喜歡的WWI歌曲之一的視頻。A. caught抓?。籅. videed錄制；C. reprted報(bào)告；D. remembered記得。根據(jù)第五段第二句“When Freeman jkingly suggested Sacha pst it t TikTk”可知，此處是把錄制的視頻發(fā)布到抖音上去。故選B項(xiàng)。
9．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們倆誰(shuí)也沒(méi)有想到它會(huì)在短短幾天內(nèi)得到如此壓倒性的積極回應(yīng)，點(diǎn)擊量達(dá)到了10萬(wàn)次，還有大量的情感贊揚(yáng)。A. imagined想象；B. nticed注意到；C. missed想念；D. suspected懷疑。根據(jù)空后“neither f them culd have 9 the verwhelmingly psitive respnse it wuld receive, reaching 100,000 views and a large number f emtinal praises in just days.”可知，錄制的視頻發(fā)布到網(wǎng)上以后有很大的相應(yīng)，這很難想象的到。故選A項(xiàng)。
10．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在漫長(zhǎng)的等待之后，艾米·霍金斯迎來(lái)了新一代的粉絲A. entertaining娛樂(lè)，招待；B. becming成為；C. representing代表；D. inviting邀請(qǐng)。根據(jù)空前一句“While it’s been a lng time cming”可知，由于母親的原因霍金斯沒(méi)有從事歌唱事業(yè)，但是在110歲的時(shí)候一舉成名迎來(lái)了自己的第一批粉絲。故選A項(xiàng)。
【正確答案】11．walking 12．why 13．frm/f/by
【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了如今人們養(yǎng)狗的原因發(fā)生了變化，從過(guò)去用狗來(lái)保護(hù)自己免受其他野獸的攻擊到如今用狗來(lái)保護(hù)自己和陪伴自己。
11．考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：當(dāng)你在西方任何一個(gè)城市散步時(shí)，你經(jīng)常會(huì)看到很多人帶著狗散步。see sb. ding sth.固定搭配，意為“看見(jiàn)某人正在做某事”，故填walking。
12．考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：但人們養(yǎng)狗的原因已經(jīng)發(fā)生了很大變化。_______peple keep a dg是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞reasns，且關(guān)系詞在從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞why引導(dǎo)，故填why。
13．考查固定搭配。句意：在過(guò)去，人們常常訓(xùn)練狗來(lái)保護(hù)自己免受其他野獸的攻擊。此處既可以表示“來(lái)自其他野獸的攻擊”，應(yīng)用介詞frm，也可用表示“野獸的攻擊”，應(yīng)用介詞f，同時(shí)也可用by表示“被野獸攻擊”，故填frm/f/by。
【正確答案】14．Surrunding 15．dynasties 16．have been imprved
【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。胡同是北京一條典型的古城街道。本文主要介紹了胡同的歷史。
14．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：故宮周?chē)性S多元、明、清時(shí)期修建的胡同。句子中有謂語(yǔ)were built，前后無(wú)連詞，此處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞surrund和主語(yǔ)hutngs是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)，句首單詞首字母大寫(xiě)。故填Surrunding。
15．考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：故宮周?chē)性S多元、明、清時(shí)期修建的胡同。此處應(yīng)用名詞dynasty作賓語(yǔ)，此處指的是元、明、清這幾個(gè)朝代，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)，故填dynasties。
16．考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：1949年新中國(guó)成立以來(lái)，胡同條件得到改善。由Since the funding f the new China in 1949可知，句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞imprve是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用have，故填have been imprved。
【正確答案】17．a(chǎn)rguably 18．with 19．intentin 20．whse
【分析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要報(bào)道了中國(guó)一些演員參演了莎士比亞的戲劇《哈姆雷特》。
17．考查副詞。句意：在為中國(guó)劇院增光添彩的莎士比亞所有作品中，《哈姆雷特》無(wú)疑是中國(guó)觀眾中最著名的。此處應(yīng)用副詞arguably作狀語(yǔ)，修飾形容詞famus，故填arguably。
18．考查介詞。句意：中國(guó)資深演員胡軍、濮存希和呂方將擔(dān)任主演，還有苗馳、李世龍和井溪等年輕演員。alng with固定搭配，意為“和，一起”，故填with。
19．考查名詞。句意：“當(dāng)我們開(kāi)始改編莎士比亞的戲劇時(shí)，我們不斷地提出問(wèn)題——各種各樣的問(wèn)題可以幫助我們理解劇這一作家的意圖，”同樣在北京人民藝術(shù)劇院工作的李六乙說(shuō)，他的作品涵蓋了中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)戲曲、前衛(wèi)戲劇、西方歌劇和芭蕾舞。此處應(yīng)用名詞intentin作賓語(yǔ)，表示這個(gè)劇作家的意圖，為單數(shù)意義，故填intentin。
20．考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：“當(dāng)我們開(kāi)始改編莎士比亞的戲劇時(shí)，我們不斷地提出問(wèn)題——各種各樣的問(wèn)題可以幫助我們理解劇這一作家的意圖，”同樣在北京人民藝術(shù)劇院工作的李六乙說(shuō)，他的作品涵蓋了中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)戲曲、前衛(wèi)戲劇、西方歌劇和芭蕾舞?？仗幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞Li Liuyi，指人，且關(guān)系詞在從句中作定語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用whse引導(dǎo)，故填whse。
【正確答案】
21．ptential 22．dminating 23．get n 24．were wiped ut 25．a(chǎn)re t blame 26．invlving 27．cnvince 28．a(chǎn)pply themselves t 29．cmmitted 30．have pured
21．考查名詞。句意：我覺(jué)得我在目前的工作中沒(méi)有充分發(fā)揮潛力。此處應(yīng)用名詞作賓語(yǔ)，表示“潛能”為名詞ptential，不可數(shù)，故填ptential。
22．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：盡管占據(jù)了比賽的主導(dǎo)地位，但曼聯(lián)未能進(jìn)球，最終以 2-0 落敗。此處表示“在……中占首要地位”為動(dòng)詞dminate，作介詞despite的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式，故填dminating。
23．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：如果你想成功，你就必須努力工作。此處表示“成功，過(guò)上好日子”應(yīng)用固定搭配get n in life，由不定式t可知，動(dòng)詞get應(yīng)用原形，故填get n。
24．考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：整個(gè)村莊都被洪水沖毀了，這讓在場(chǎng)的所有人都感到震驚。此處表示“徹底摧毀”，為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)wipe ut，和主語(yǔ)villages是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用were，故填were wiped ut。
25．考查固定搭配和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：最近的一篇評(píng)論文章表明，孩子失控，責(zé)任在父母。此處表示“某人應(yīng)該受到責(zé)備”為固定搭配sb. be t blame，句子描述一般性事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，此處是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，即it be+強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)容+wh/that+其他，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)parents，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用are，故填are t blame。
26．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：醫(yī)療中心正在進(jìn)行一項(xiàng)針對(duì)長(zhǎng)跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員的研究。此處表示“包含，涉及”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞invlve，句中有謂語(yǔ)，前后無(wú)連詞，此處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作后置定語(yǔ)，study和動(dòng)詞invlve是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式，故填invlving。
27．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：試圖說(shuō)服她不需要減肥是沒(méi)有用的。此處表示“說(shuō)服”為動(dòng)詞cnvince，由不定式t可知，用動(dòng)詞原形，故填cnvince。
28．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：青年人要立足當(dāng)前，著眼未來(lái)。此處表示“專(zhuān)心于；致力于”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)apply neself t，由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must可知，動(dòng)詞apply應(yīng)用原形，主語(yǔ)是peple，反身代詞應(yīng)用themselve。故填apply themselve t。
29．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：他致力于制作一張新專(zhuān)輯作為送給父親的禮物。此處表示“致力于做某事”為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)cmmit neself t ding sth.，句子描述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填cmmitted。
30．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：地震發(fā)生以來(lái)，全國(guó)各地紛紛伸出援助之手。此處表示“涌入”為短語(yǔ)pur in，由since the earthquake struck可知，句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用have。故填have pured。
【正確答案】31．A 32．C 33．D
【分析】本文是一封邀請(qǐng)信，從介紹Sima的性質(zhì)、目的、入會(huì)的一些活動(dòng)，到最后發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)函。
31．推理理解題。從第二段Sigma’s purpse 可知答案為A.
32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段第二句話可知答案為C.
33．體裁判斷題。從文章的最后兩段可知，本文是一封邀請(qǐng)函。
【正確答案】34．C 35．B 36．D 37．A
【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了巴菲特的書(shū)Life Is What Yu Make It里所蘊(yùn)含的價(jià)值觀。
34．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“In Life Is What Yu Make It, Buffett describes the strng set f values given t him by his trusting and bradminded mther(在《人生由你創(chuàng)造》一書(shū)中，巴菲特描述了他信任且心胸寬廣的母親賦予他的一套強(qiáng)有力的價(jià)值觀)”可知，彼得·巴菲特最看重他母親心胸寬廣這一品質(zhì)，故選C。
35．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“In clear and brief terms, Buffett explains a great truth: Life cannt be predicted and desn’t have a secnd chance, neither fair nr unfair. We see that ur jurney in life seldm fllws a straight line but is ften met with false starts, difficulties, and mistakes. Hw we push thrugh and dn’t give up at these challenging mments is where we begin t create the life f ur dreams — frm discvering ur careers t giving back t thers.(巴菲特用簡(jiǎn)潔明了的語(yǔ)言闡述了一個(gè)偉大的真理：人生無(wú)法預(yù)測(cè)，也沒(méi)有第二次機(jī)會(huì)，既不公平也不。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們的人生旅程很少是一帆風(fēng)順的，而是常常會(huì)遇到錯(cuò)誤的開(kāi)始、困難和錯(cuò)誤。我們?nèi)绾卧谶@些充滿挑戰(zhàn)的時(shí)刻堅(jiān)持下去并且不放棄，是我們開(kāi)始創(chuàng)造夢(mèng)想生活的地方——從發(fā)現(xiàn)我們的職業(yè)到回饋他人)”可知，第五段的主要介紹了生活是起起伏伏的，故選B。
36．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Tday’s sciety, Buffett believes, has changed a lt. Peple begin t enjy what they d, with a wealth ethic (財(cái)富倫理), hnr the payff instead f the prcess. Yet, by fcusing less n reward, we can pen drs f pprtunity and wrk hard tward a greater sense f satisfactin.(巴菲特認(rèn)為，當(dāng)今社會(huì)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了很大變化。人們開(kāi)始享受他們所做的事情，帶著財(cái)富倫理，尊重回報(bào)而不是過(guò)程。然而，通過(guò)減少對(duì)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的關(guān)注，我們可以打開(kāi)機(jī)會(huì)之門(mén)，并努力獲得更大的滿足感。)”可知，巴菲特認(rèn)為當(dāng)今社會(huì)人們更加關(guān)注結(jié)果而非過(guò)程，他建議減少對(duì)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的關(guān)注，即減少對(duì)結(jié)果的關(guān)注轉(zhuǎn)而更加注重過(guò)程，這樣才會(huì)打開(kāi)機(jī)會(huì)之門(mén)，由此可知，巴菲特并沒(méi)有認(rèn)為社會(huì)在變得更好，相反他認(rèn)為社會(huì)變得更壞，故選D。
37．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“In Life Is What Yu Make It, Buffett describes the strng set f values given t him by his trusting and bradminded mther, his hardwrking and talented father, and the many life teachers he has met alng the way.(在《人生由你創(chuàng)造》一書(shū)中，巴菲特描述了他信任且心胸寬廣的母親、勤奮而才華橫溢的父親以及他一路走來(lái)遇到的許多人生導(dǎo)師賦予他的強(qiáng)大價(jià)值觀)”和最后一段“Persnal and instructive, Life Is What Yu Make It is abut challenging yur cnditin, taking cntrl f yur wn life and living it t the fullest.(個(gè)性化且具有啟發(fā)性的《生活由你創(chuàng)造》講述的是挑戰(zhàn)自己的狀況、掌控自己的生活并充分享受生活)”可知，文章主要介紹了巴菲特的書(shū)Life Is What Yu Make It里所蘊(yùn)含的價(jià)值觀，由此可推知，文章的目的是介紹一本書(shū)，故選A。
【正確答案】38．B 39．D 40．C 41．D
【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章解釋了生活在海洋的透明生物的特點(diǎn)，透明原理，以及形成機(jī)制。
38．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第三行“Mstf them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple tuch”可知，透明動(dòng)物是很容易受傷的。故選B。
39．詞義猜測(cè)題。該詞出現(xiàn)在文章第三段第三行。前文提到了：你能看到的物體一種是對(duì)光線進(jìn)行了散射；而另外一種是對(duì)光線的吸收。既然吸收了，那在光的傳播過(guò)程中就完全阻止了，因此這里dead是完全的意思。故選D。
40． 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第一句“T becme tranrent, an animal needs t keep its bdy frm absrbing r scattering light.”可知，想變透明就要避免散射或吸收光線，因此其中的一個(gè)方法是C選項(xiàng)，避免光線的吸收。故選C。
41．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句中的“Larger tranrent animals have the biggest challenge, because they have t make all the different tissues in their bdies slw dwn light exactly as much as water des. ”可知，體型較大的透明動(dòng)物面臨的挑戰(zhàn)最大，因?yàn)樗鼈儽仨氉岓w內(nèi)所有不同的組織減緩光線的速度，就像減緩水的速度一樣。由此判斷出，他在最后一段告訴我們，更大的透明動(dòng)物會(huì)采取有效的行動(dòng)來(lái)減少光的擴(kuò)散。故選D。
【正確答案】42．D 43．B 44．C 45．A
【分析】本文是一篇議論文。作者主要講述了對(duì)時(shí)尚設(shè)計(jì)和服裝設(shè)計(jì)的不同看法，強(qiáng)調(diào)了時(shí)尚設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)該關(guān)注人性和精神世界，作者認(rèn)為關(guān)注人的需求是時(shí)裝設(shè)計(jì)的基礎(chǔ)。
42．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“It tk me mre than 10 years t realize that the wrld has n shrtage f fashin (時(shí)尚) designers wh have the ability t make trendy and elegant garments, but that it is badly in need f, simply, clthes designers. (我用了十多年的時(shí)間才意識(shí)到，世界上并不缺少有能力制作出新潮、優(yōu)雅服裝的時(shí)尚設(shè)計(jì)師，但最需要的，只是服裝設(shè)計(jì)師。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為大部分時(shí)裝設(shè)計(jì)師是時(shí)髦的，故選D。
43．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中“I believe the greatest wrks f art can tuch the deepest and strngest parts f human feelings and the wrld f the spirit, and nly these wrks can be the memries f histry, preserving the mst valuable feelings that have ever existed, and inspiring a greater awareness f urselves.(我相信最偉大的藝術(shù)作品能夠觸及人類(lèi)情感最深、最強(qiáng)烈的部分和精神世界，也只有這些作品才能成為歷史的記憶，保留曾經(jīng)存在過(guò)的最有價(jià)值的情感，并激發(fā)更多的認(rèn)識(shí)。我們自己。)”可推知，通過(guò)在第2段中說(shuō)“這包括愛(ài)”，作者將“愛(ài)”視為對(duì)人類(lèi)情感和精神的關(guān)注，故選B。
44．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thse clthes fashined ut f necessity pssess a pwer that can cntinue t exist acrss the ages.(那些因需要而制作的衣服擁有一種可以歷代持續(xù)存在的力量。)”可知，作者指出，最初衣服是滿足需要而制作的，故選C。
45．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其第二段中“I believe that the mst meaningful creative mtives shuld arise thrugh caring fr ther peple, the great care f humanity — a cncern fr human feeling and spirituality. (我相信，最有意義的創(chuàng)作動(dòng)機(jī)應(yīng)該來(lái)自于對(duì)他人的關(guān)心，對(duì)人性的極大關(guān)懷——對(duì)人類(lèi)情感和靈性的關(guān)注。)”和最后一段中“I believe clthing culd be a specific creative language fr cmmunicating ideas and thughts, fr inspiring yu and shaping yur behavir. Thse clthes fashined ut f necessity pssess a pwer that can cntinue t exist acrss the ages. This is what I have tried t achieve, the clthing t return t its riginal simplicity, the clthing t help peple regain the natural sense. The true fashin tday shuld nt fllw the trends. It shuld instead uncver the extrardinary in the rdinary, fr. I believe the pleasure yu get frm the clthing is nt its price, but its spirit.(我相信服裝可以成為一種特定的創(chuàng)意語(yǔ)言，用于交流想法和想法，激勵(lì)你并塑造你的行為。那些因需要而制作的衣服擁有一種可以歷代持續(xù)存在的力量。這就是我一直努力要達(dá)到的目標(biāo)，讓服裝返璞歸真，讓服裝幫助人們重拾自然感。當(dāng)今真正的時(shí)尚不應(yīng)該追隨潮流。相反，它應(yīng)該揭示平凡中的非凡之處。我相信你從衣服中獲得的樂(lè)趣不是它的價(jià)格，而是它的精神。)”可知，文章主要論述了作者的觀點(diǎn)，即作者認(rèn)為關(guān)注人的需求，即人性化，是時(shí)裝設(shè)計(jì)的基礎(chǔ)。故選A。
【正確答案】46．E 47．B 48．A 49．G 50．F
【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要向我們描述了關(guān)于拳擊的一些信息，拳擊是一項(xiàng)受歡迎的運(yùn)動(dòng)，但也十分危險(xiǎn)。
46．上文“It takes bxers hurs in the gym and years t develp the specific characteristics needed t be a great bxer. (拳擊手需要在健身房里鍛煉幾個(gè)小時(shí)，還要花上幾年的時(shí)間才能形成成為一名優(yōu)秀拳擊手所需的特定特征)”解釋了成功的拳擊手被視為英雄的原因?？崭裉幣c上文是因果關(guān)系，所以E選項(xiàng)“也許這就是為什么成功的拳擊手被視為英雄的原因?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選E項(xiàng)。
47．由下文“They d that because the bxer cmes frm their wn cuntry, and if “their” bxer lses, they ften feel as if they have lst a fight themselves. (他們這樣做是因?yàn)槿瓝羰謥?lái)自他們自己的國(guó)家，如果“他們的”拳擊手輸了，他們通常會(huì)覺(jué)得自己輸?shù)袅艘粓?chǎng)比賽)”可知，自己的拳擊手輸了會(huì)感到難過(guò)的人應(yīng)該是被支持某個(gè)拳擊手的粉絲。B選項(xiàng)“有時(shí)候粉絲會(huì)支持某位拳擊手?！蹦芤鹣挛?，構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系，符合語(yǔ)境，下文中They指代的應(yīng)該是那些拳擊手的粉絲，故選B項(xiàng)。
48．下文“Althugh bxers wear glves during the fights, and amateur bxers even have t wear helmets, a kind f strng hard hat, there have frequently been accidents in bth prfessinal and amateur bxing, smetimes with dramatic cnsequences. Bxers have suffered frm head injuries, and, ccasinally, fighters have even been killed as a result f being kncked ut in the ring. (雖然拳擊手在比賽中戴手套，業(yè)余拳擊手甚至必須戴頭盔，這是一種結(jié)實(shí)的安全帽，但職業(yè)拳擊和業(yè)余拳擊都經(jīng)常發(fā)生事故，有時(shí)會(huì)造成嚴(yán)重后果。拳擊手頭部受傷，有時(shí)拳擊手甚至因在拳擊場(chǎng)被擊倒而死亡)”講拳擊運(yùn)動(dòng)的危險(xiǎn)性。A選項(xiàng)“然而，拳擊可能是一項(xiàng)非常危險(xiǎn)的運(yùn)動(dòng)。”引起下文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。
49．由上文“Bxers have suffered frm head injuries, and, ccasinally, fighters have even been killed as a result f being kncked ut in the ring. (拳擊手頭部受傷，有時(shí)拳擊手甚至因在拳擊場(chǎng)被擊倒而死亡)”和下文“They are usually in the frm f serius brain damage, even if a bxer has never been kncked ut. (即使拳擊手從未被擊倒，通常也會(huì)造成嚴(yán)重的腦損傷)”可知，上下文在講拳擊運(yùn)動(dòng)的危險(xiǎn)性和不利影響。G選項(xiàng)“此外，研究表明拳擊通常會(huì)產(chǎn)生長(zhǎng)期影響?！背猩蠁⑾拢险Z(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)。
50．上文“T cnclude, I am persnally nt at all in favr f aggressive sprts like bxing.(總而言之，我個(gè)人一點(diǎn)也不支持拳擊等攻擊性運(yùn)動(dòng))”表達(dá)作者對(duì)拳擊運(yùn)動(dòng)觀點(diǎn)。F選項(xiàng)“我認(rèn)為，如果電視上少一些時(shí)間播放攻擊性的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)更好?！背薪由衔?，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F項(xiàng)。
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