·模塊一 定語從句的基本要素
·模塊二 定語從句和關(guān)系代詞
·模塊三 定語從句和關(guān)系副詞
·模塊四 關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞之間的關(guān)系
·模塊五 介詞加關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
·模塊六 限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句
·模塊七 2022、2023年全國各省市真題綜合訓(xùn)練45題
看一看這些名言警句中所運(yùn)用的定語從句
He wh makes n mistakes makes nthing.
從不犯錯誤的人一事無成。
He is the best general wh makes the fewest mistakes. ─Hamiltn.
最厲害的將軍錯誤犯得最少。
He that travels far knws much.
行萬里者，見多識廣。
He that cannt ask cannt live.
萬事不求人，哪里能生存？
定語從句的基本要素
基本要素
概念：如果由一個句子來充當(dāng)一個詞的定語，那么這個句子就被叫做定語從句
先行詞：被修飾的名詞或代詞稱為先行詞
關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞或者副詞）：引導(dǎo)定語從句
He is the best general wh makes the fewest mistakes.
定語從句wh makes the fewest mistakes.
先行詞the best general
關(guān)系詞wh
?Attentin?
如何選擇關(guān)系代詞？關(guān)系代詞的作用是什么？
定語從句和關(guān)系代詞
定語從句關(guān)系代詞：
★小試身手★
This is the man wh helped me yesterday. wh在定語從句中作
The teacher (wh/whm/that) yu want t see is cming. wh在定語從句中作
I met a by whse father was an astrnaut. whse在定語從句中作
Here is the cat which/that will be made fr yu. which在定語從句中作
This is the factry (which/that) we visited last year. which在定語從句中作
He has a bk whse cver (=the cver f which) is very beautiful.
whse在定語從句中作
關(guān)系代詞的作用
(1)__引導(dǎo)定語從句________________________
(2) ____指代先行詞_____________________
(3) ____在定語從句中充當(dāng)成分：主語，賓語，定語。________
★小試身手★
用關(guān)系代詞wh,whm,that或whse填空。
The man________yu met just nw is my ld friend.
The man ________ is walking n the playgrund is my ld friend.
She brught with her three friends, nne f ________ I had ever met befre.
That's the new machine __________parts are t small t be seen.
用wh/whm/which/that將下列句子兩句并一句。
The by is my yunger brther. He was here a minute ag.
The by wh was here a minute ag is my yunger brther./the by wh/that is my yunger brther was here a minute ag.
The wman is here nw. Yu were talking abut her.
The wman( whm/that) yu were talking abut is here nw./
Yu are talking abut the wman wh is here nw.
用whse 將下列句子兩句并一句。
The man gave me a reward.
The man whse wallet I fund and returned gave me a reward.
The man wh was very rich gave me a reward.
Men, wh abandn their families, are nt gd.
Men wh abandn their families are nt gd
Parents are usually very prud. Their children graduate frm cllege.
Parents whse children graduate frm cllege are usually very prud.
The teacher went t Japan t teach English. I tk his class last semester.
The teacher whse class I tk last semester went t Japan t teach English.
?Attentin?
whse 后面一定要加一個名詞, 然后這個部分共同做主語或賓語。
只能使用 that 作關(guān)系代詞的情況：
先行詞為 all, anything, everything, nthing, much, nne, little等不定代詞時。
There is nthing that can stp him frm ding it.
先行詞前有l(wèi)ast, next, nly, very及序數(shù)詞、最高級等修飾時。
This is the mst interesting film (that) was shwn last week.
This is the secnd cmputer (that) my father has just bught.
當(dāng)先行詞既有人，又有物時。
They talked f things and peple that thet remembered.
當(dāng)主語是 wh 的疑問句:
Wh is the by that is playing cmputer games?
?Attentin?
以下情況時，wh不與that通用。
先行詞為ne(s)/anyne/thse時,用wh。
當(dāng)先行詞有較長定語時用wh。
I met a freigner in the street yesterday wh culd ask me questins in Chinese.
一個句子中帶有兩個定語從句，一個定語從句的關(guān)系代詞是 that，另一個用wh。
The by that yu met last night is the grup leader wh studies very hard.
在there be開頭的句中用wh。
There is a pretty girl utside wh wants t see yu.
★小試身手★
填空
There is nthing in the wrld that can frighten him.
The nly games that I play are ftball and tennis.
He is the nly student that understands English.
翻譯
他們唯一能做的事就是等待。
The nly thing that they can d is t wait.
這正是你昨天買的筆。
This is the very pen that yu bught yesterday.
定語從句和關(guān)系副詞
定語從句關(guān)系副詞
?Attentin?
判斷關(guān)系詞是使用代詞還是副詞時,取決于定語從句的完整性。如果定語從句不缺主語和賓語，那么關(guān)系詞就應(yīng)該使用關(guān)系副詞。
when指時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語。
I still remember the day when I first came t this schl.
I will never frget the day that we spent tgether.
where指地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。
I recently went back t the twn where I was brn.
I wuld like t live in a cuntry that is full f natural beauty.
why 指原因，在限制性定語從句中作原因狀語。
Please tell me the reasn why yu missed the plane.
The reasn that he tld us surprised us very much.
★小試身手★
D yu still remember the place__that、which____ we visited last week?
D yu still remember the place___where____ we visited the painting exhibitin?
I still remember the night ___when____I first came t the huse.
I dn’t knw the reasn ___why___ he came s late.
We are living in an age __when____ many things are dne n cmputer.
I can think f many cases __where____ students bviusly knw a lt f English wrds and expressins but culdn't write a gd essay.
Nbdy knws the reasn_why_____ she didn’t cme t the meeting.
They have reached the pint _where____ they have t separate with each ther.
關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞之間的關(guān)系
試觀察下列句子：
This is the day when we met.
This is the day ___n which__we met.
Yu shuld remember t put the bk back t the place where it belngs.
Yu shuld remember t put the bk back t the place __t which_____ it belngs.
總結(jié)：關(guān)系副詞=介詞+關(guān)系代詞
★小試身手★
連詞成句
g were want back t the I place brn my where grandparents t.
I want t g back t the place where my grandparents were brn.
refused help reasn why the he us is this t? (fr which)
Is this the reasn why he refused t help us?
介詞加關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
直接位于介詞之后的關(guān)系代詞只能是which或whm，構(gòu)成介詞+which（指物）；介詞+whm（指人）兩種結(jié)構(gòu)。
The man t whm yu talked just nw is a famus runner.
The service f/abut which the students cmplain a lt shuld be imprved.
He is a library assistant frm whm I brrwed sme bks.
直接位于介詞后面的關(guān)系代詞不能省略，但如果將介詞移于句子末尾而不位于關(guān)系代詞之前時，關(guān)系代詞可省。
The man (wh/that/whm) yu talk t just nw is a famus runner.
The man t whm yu talk just nw is a famus runner.
He is a library assistant (whm/that/wh) I brrwed sme bks frm.
He is a librarian frm whm I brrwed sme bks.
有一些動詞短語中的介詞是固定搭配，不可以拆開，一般還是放在動語之后，不提前：
He is the student (wh/whm/that) the teachers are lking fr.
The number f the children (wh/whm/that) she takes care f is 30.
關(guān)系代詞whse+名詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為 the+名詞+f+ which / whm 或 f+ which/whm+ the +名詞結(jié)構(gòu)；f 表所屬關(guān)系。
I live in a rm whse windws are all brken.
I live in a rm f which the windws are all brken.
I live in a rm the windws f which are all brken.
★小試身手★
填入“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞（即介詞+which/whm）：
The ship, ___ the Eurpeans sailed t the American cntinent, was called
the Mayflwer.
The family __with which__I stayed in Rme is cming t England sn.
He has written a bk, ______ I have cmpletely frgtten.
=He has written a bk I have cmpletely frgtten.
It is a family f 8 children, all _f whm__are studying music.
The twn, ____ ____ they came, was in the nrth f the prvince.
介詞填空：
The speed___ which yu drive yur car mustn’t t high. At the speed f
In the park there are many flwers, the clr____ which is bright and nice. whse
The little girl is reading a bk,_____ which=where there are many pictures.
What were the things______ which he was nt t sure? Be sure f/abut
They held a meeting, ____ which the hspital directr made a speech. At the meeting
The bk,_____ which he paid 6 Yuan, is wrth reading. Pay + 錢 + fr + sth.
限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句
辨析下列句子
Her brther wh is nw a sldier always encurages her t g t cllege.
她那當(dāng)兵的哥哥總是鼓勵她上大學(xué)。（意含：她還有其他哥哥。）
Her brther, wh is nw a sldier, always encurages her t g t cllege.
她哥哥是當(dāng)兵的，他總是鼓勵她上大學(xué)。（意含：她只有一個哥哥。）
All the bks that have pictures in them are well written.
所有里面帶插圖的書都寫得很好。（意含：還有不帶插圖的書。）
All the bks, which have pictures in them, are well written.
所有的書都帶插圖，這些書都寫得很好。（意含：沒有不帶插圖的書。）
總結(jié)：
限制性定語從句:
意義上，不可缺。無逗號，翻譯時要調(diào)整語序。
非限制性定語從句：
意義上，附加說明，有逗號，翻譯時直接翻譯。
限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句用法上的區(qū)別
引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句時，關(guān)系代詞which可以與that互換；但引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時，只能用which。
She heard a terrible nise, ____ frightened her.
A. that B. which C. what D. wh
She heard a terrible nise____ frightened her.
A. that B. / C. what D. wh
先行詞為reasn時，限制性定語可以用why或fr which來引導(dǎo)；非限制性定語從句則只能用fr which來引導(dǎo)。
(1) I had tld them the reasn,____I didn’t attend the meeting.
A. fr which B. at which C. fr whm D. why
(2) I had tld them the reasn_____I didn’t attend the meeting.
A. when B. which C. why D. fr that
引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句的關(guān)系代詞在從句中擔(dān)任賓語時可以被省略；但引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的關(guān)系代詞即使作賓語也不能省略。
He was eager t g t the hspital t see his stepmther,he lved and (D)
respected as his wn mther.
A.as B. which C. / D. whm
引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句時并作從句賓語的關(guān)系代詞whm可以用wh來代替；但在非限制性定語從句中，whm就不能用wh替換。
D yu knw Tm,____we talked abut?
A. which B. that C. whm D. wh
The American jurnalist______the annuncer mentined in the bradcast is said t have beenkilled.
Which f the fllwing is wrng?
A. wh B. whm C. whse D. /
e. 當(dāng)非限制性定語從句修飾整個主句時，which引導(dǎo)的從句不能放在主句前，而as引導(dǎo)的從句既可以放主句前，也可以放主句后。As 意為正如……，which無此含義。
____I expected, he didn’t believe me.
A. Which B. As C. That D. When
(2) Mary was late fr schl, _____ften happened.
A. as B. fr which C. that D. why
由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，關(guān)系代詞指代整個主句時，不能用as，只能用which。
He bught the car fr mre than $20,000,__his father was angry.
A. abut that B. with as C. when D. with which
一些由as引導(dǎo)的定語從句常位于句首，已形成了固定的說法。
as is knwn t all 這是眾所周知的
as has been said befre 如前所說
as is ften the case 情況常常如此
as may be imagined 這可以想象得出
as has been pinted ut 正如已經(jīng)指出的那樣
as ften happens 這種情況常常發(fā)生
2022、2023年全國各省市真題綜合訓(xùn)練45題
一、單項(xiàng)選擇
1．（2023·遼寧營口·中考真題）The Aerspace Square ________ was cmpleted last year has becme a new turist attractin.
A．whichB．whC．whmD．where
2．（2022·四川自貢·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—What d yu think f the Mnkey King?
—I think he’s a her ________ keeps fighting t help the weak peple.
A．whB．whereC．whse
3．（2022·四川成都·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Rme is an ancient city _______ is full f places f interest.
A．whereB．whichC．wh
4．（2022·湖南邵陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—What kind f music d yu like, Linda?
—I like music ________ I can dance t.
A．whenB．thatC．what
5．（2023·四川成都·統(tǒng)考中考真題）He shwed me the phts ________ he tk at his graduatin ceremny.
A．thatB．whC．what
6．（2023·湖南郴州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Tea is the leaf f a plant ________ grws widely in China, Japan and ther cuntries.
A．whatB．whC．that
7．（2023·四川樂山·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Gu Mru is a famus Chinese writer ________ is ppular arund the wrld.
A．whichB．whmC．wh
8．（2023·青?！そy(tǒng)考中考真題）A best friend is a persn _________ is always there when yu need him r her. As the saying ges, “A friend in need is a friend indeed.”
A．whmB．whseC．wh
9．（2023·湖南邵陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—I’ve fund a new pen, but I dn’t knw ________.
—It must be Lucy’s. She is lking fr her pen.
A．whse is itB．whse it isC．wh it is
10．（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Wh is the her in yur mind?
—Huang Danian. He is a scientist ________ has helped China make great prgress in deep-sea explratin (勘探).
A．whereB．whichC．wh
11．（2022·內(nèi)蒙古·中考真題）—What kind f mvies d yu like?
—I prefer mvies ________ give me smething t think abut.
A．whB．thatC．whatD．/
12．（2021·四川巴中·統(tǒng)考中考真題）The app “MAYI” encurages peple t give away the clthes ________ they dn’t need t the pr.
A．whatB．whmC．whD．that
13．（2021·四川甘孜·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—D yu knw the girl ________ is standing ver there?
—Yes. She is my sister.
A．whenB．whereC．whD．which
14．（2022·四川達(dá)州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—D yu like the mvie ________ is called The Battle at Lake Changjin?
—Sure. I think n mvie is ________ than it.
A．that; mre tuchingB．what; less tuchingC．that; mre tuchedD．which; less tuched
15．（2023·四川遂寧·中考真題）Miss Xiang is a great teacher _________always makes her classes lively and fascinating.
A．whichB．whC．whatD．whm
16．（2022·湖北十堰·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Students lve the teachers ________ are utging and humrus.
A．whB．whmC．whichD．whse
17．（2022·黑龍江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）We shuld remember thse ________ lst their lives fr ur cuntry.
A．whB．whmC．which
18．（2022·黑龍江綏化·統(tǒng)考中考真題）I can’t frget the teachers and the university ________ I visited tw years ag. They bring me many sweet memries.
A．thatB．whichC．what
19．（2022·湖北恩施·統(tǒng)考中考真題）China is the first natin ________ sent Chang’e Ⅳ t the far side f the mn.
A．whichB．thatC．wh
20．（2022·廣西柳州·中考真題）D yu knw the by ________ is standing under the tree?
A．whB．whichC．where
21．（2022·黑龍江哈爾濱·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Hw exciting the speech is!
—Pretty gd! This is the best speech ________ I’ve ever heard.
A．whichB．thatC．wh
22．（2023·新疆·中考真題）Lts f Chinese yung peple ___________ were brn after 1995 use dr-t-dr cking t save time.
A．thatB．thseC．whichD．/
23．（2022·遼寧朝陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—What kind f mvies d yu like?
—I prefer mvies _________ me smething t think abut.
A．whm giveB．wh givesC．which giveD．that gives
24．（2022·遼寧營口·統(tǒng)考中考真題）He ________ des nt reach the Great Wall is nt a true man.
A．whmB．/C．whichD．wh
25．（2022·黑龍江牡丹江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）— Jeff, what are yu watching?
— A shrt vide abut Zhang Guimei ________ stries mve me deeply.
A．whB．whmC．whse
26．（2022·廣西玉林·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Vlunteering is a meaningful activity.
—I agree. We shuld express thanks t the peple ________ d vlunteer jbs.
A．whmB．whatC．whD．which
27．（2022·湖南株洲·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Yuan Lngping is a great scientist ________ will live in ur heart frever.
A．whichB．whC．what
28．（2022·遼寧阜新·中考真題）—Mm is waiting. Can we set ff nw?
—Just a minute. I can’t find the shes ________ I bught last week.
A．thatB．whC．whatD．wh
29．（2022·內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特·中考真題）— Tm, what kind f stries d yu prefer?
— The nes ________ have a happy ending.
A．thatB．whC．thseD．whm
30．（2022·西藏·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Accrding t a recent study, adults ________ ften d husewrk might stay healthy int ld age.
A．whenB．whichC．whD．what
31．（2022·青?！そy(tǒng)考中考真題）—D yu like the sng Jian Hun n Duyin?
—Yes, I like the sngs ________ I can dance t.
A．thatB．whC．what
32．（2023·湖北十堰·統(tǒng)考中考真題）I will remember the imprtant peple ________ helped and supprted me in my life.
A．whichB．whseC．whmD．wh
33．（2023·四川達(dá)州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—The Lifelng Jurney is ne f the mst tuching bks ________ I have ever read.
—Yeah, the bk is fantastic and I am lking frward t ________ it again.
A．that, readingB．which, t readC．that, t read
34．（2023·吉林·統(tǒng)考中考真題）The students are reading bks ________ are full f the “red spirit” these days.
A．whB．whereC．which
35．（2023·黑龍江牡丹江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）If we study hard with big dreams, there is nthing ________ can’t be achieved.
A．whB．thatC．whm
36．（2023·湖南岳陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Lei Feng is a great persn ________ sets a gd example t us.
A．whB．whichC．whse
37．（2023·黑龍江綏化·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Mrs. Wang is an English teacher ________ makes her class lively.
A．whichB．whseC．wh
38．（2023·黑龍江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）— What can we d fr the left-hme children ________ need help?
— We culd help them with their study nline n weekends.
A．whichB．whC．whm
39．（2023·湖南株洲·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Tday’s China is a cuntry ________ keeps t this natinal character.
A．whatB．whC．that
40．（2023·遼寧阜新·統(tǒng)考中考真題）The wman astrnaut ________ gave us a lessn n space is Liu Yang.
A．whichB．whseC．whD．whm
41．（2022·四川樂山·統(tǒng)考中考真題）— What kind f bks d yu like best?
— I like bks ________ are abut science and technlgy.
A．whB．whmC．which
42．（2022·貴州銅仁·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Is the wman ______ walked past just nw yur teacher?
—Yes, she teaches ______ English and we all lve her very much.
A．which; urB．wh; usC．which; usD．that; ur
43．（2022·黑龍江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）The bys __________ are playing ftball are frm Class One.
A．whichB．whC．whse
44．（2022·吉林·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Mrs. Wang is an English teacher ________ makes her classes lively and interesting.
A．whichB．whC．what
45．（2022·湖南郴州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—D yu knw the wman ________ is giving a lessn in space nw?
—Of curse. She is Wang Yaping.
A．whichB．whmC．wh先行詞是人
先行詞是物
作主語
wh/ that
which/ that
作賓語
(wh/ whm/that)
(which/ that)
作定語
whse
whse
表示時間
when
表示地點(diǎn)
where
表示原因
why

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