2024-2025學年九年級下冊英語單元測試卷 Unit4《Life on Mars》 注意事項： 1．本試卷共8頁。全卷滿分90分?？荚嚂r間為90分鐘。試題包含選擇題和非選擇題?？忌痤}全部答在答題卡上，答在本試卷上無效。 2．請認真核對監(jiān)考教師在答題卡上所粘貼條形碼的姓名、考試證號是否與本人相符合，再將自己的姓名、考試證號用0． 5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆填寫在答題卡及本試卷上。 3．答選擇題必須用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對應的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，請用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。答非選擇題必須用0． 5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆寫在答題卡的指定位置，在其他位置答題一律無效。 選擇題（共40分） 一、單項填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分） 請認真閱讀下列各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。 1．Don’t be afraid of changing, ________ it’s leading you to a new beginning． A．if B．because C．though D．unless 2．I am going to give my mother ________ for her birthday． I want to make her happy． A．special somethingB．special anything C．something special D．nothing specially 3．—Sorry, I didn’t win a prize in the speech competition． —Never mind． ________, you’ve tried your best． A．Thanks to B．For example C．In general D．After all 4．—You must follow your parents’ advice, or you’ll take a ________ of getting hurt． —Yes． I’ve given up climbing the high mountain． A．risk B．choice C．step D．point 5．— The wind of early spring is as sharp as scissors． — How beautiful it sounds! The writer ________ the wind of the early spring to scissors in this poem． A．connects B．compares C．contacts D．completes 6．John isn’t a man of his words． His failure to ________ his promise has let every one of us down． A．carry out B．find out C．cut out D．put out 7．—Can you stop smoking? It makes me feel _________． —Sorry, I didn’t notice that． A．uncomfortable B．usual C．comfortable D．unusual 8．I live next to a Huitong supermarket． It’s ________ for me to shop there than in Chongbai supermarket． A．more crowded B．crowded C．more convenient D．convenient 9．—Mike, go and make sure the smoke alarms are ________ put in and will work well． —OK． I will go and check． A．properly B．probably C．especially D．specially 10．Yan Nin, one of the greatest female Chinese scientists, is _________ respected for her achievements to the field of medicine． A．closely B．smoothly C．rapidly D．highly 11．—Some children in poor areas read a little because they can’t ________ to buy books． —Quite right． Let’s collect some second-hand ones for them． A．a(chǎn)ffect B．a(chǎn)fford C．increase D．lead 12．Many people think Hefei is developing _______ thanks to all the people working here． A．luckily B．recently C．nearly D．rapidly 13．—Who is the man talking with Mr． Wang just now???? —I don’t know him． He is a _________ to me． A．teacher B．stranger C．friend D．doctor 14．I think your idea is so good． We are in ________ on it． A．silence B．trouble C．a(chǎn)greement D．doubt 15．I’m looking for the dictionary _________ my brother gave me last month． A．that B．what C．who D．whom 二、完形填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分） 閱讀下面短文，從短文所給各題的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。 How has technology made your life easier? When you go to a shopping mall, you can 16 free Wi-Fi there． When you want to take a taxi, you can book one with your phone． In fact, all of these things can be seen as the first building blocks of a smart city． The 17 of a smart city was first suggested by tech company IBM in 2010． Generally, a smart city is a city 18 uses digital (電子的) technology, such as 5G network s and the “internet of things”, to improve urban planning, save money and resources (資源), and make our lives more convenient． Cities 19 Boston, Amsterdam and Copenhagen are already using smart technology to improve public services． In the US cities of Boston and Baltimore, smart rubbish bins (桶) can sense how 20 they are and tell workers when they need to be cleaned． In Amsterdam, traffic is monitored (監(jiān)測) and adjusted according to real-time data gathered from sensors around the city． There are 21 traffic jams． Smart cities will allow us to 22 resources． By using sensors and 5G networks to check the usage of water, gas and electricity, city managers can make sure how to use these resources more efficiently． For example, water and gas pipes (管道) could 23 repair workers when there is a leak (泄漏)． Air pollution could be more closely monitored, too． Of course, 24 will take time to build the smart cities of the future． But since we’ve already seen successful examples, it won’t be long 25 more cities join in． Tech Republic estimates (估計) that by 2050, about 60 percent of people worldwide will live in smart cities． 16．A．a(chǎn)sk B．find C．offer D．enjoy 17．A．idea B．fact C．truth D．question 18．A．that B．who C．what D．where 19．A．a(chǎn)s B．for C．like D．from 20．A．full B．dirty C．polluted D．expensive 21．A．less B．fewer C．busier D．heavier 22．A．use B．save C．invent D．discover 23．A．warn B．obey C．create D．remind 24．A．it B．this C．that D．they 25．A．since B．a(chǎn)fter C．before D．unless 三、閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分） 閱讀下列材料，從每題所給四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。 A #1: Rocket mail In 1959, the US Postmaster General, Arthur Summerfield, predicted (預言) that guided missiles (導彈) would become the usual method for sending mail before a human reached the moon． We have email now, but still no rocket mail．#2: Ape workers Who needs robots when you could have monkeys? Glenn T． Seaborg, a Nobel prize-winning chemist, predicted in 1951 that by 2020, we’d keep apes that could drive cars and perform other tasks for us．#3: Nuclear (核) vacuums (真空吸塵器) In 1955, Alex Lewyt, the president of a vacuum cleaner company, predicted that within 10 years nuclear power would run vacuums．What did he think people would do with the nuclear waste? #4: Meals in a pill In 1894, the chemist Marcellin Berthelot predicted that people of the future would get all the nutrition (營養(yǎng)) they needed in pill form． “Wheat fields are to disappear from the face of the Earth, because flour will no longer be produced from growing wheat, but made, ” he said． While we still rely on farms for food, scientists have worked out how to make meat from plants and how to grow it from cells．#5: Virtual reality everywhere In 1999, the futurist Ray Kurzweil predicted that by 2019, we’d wear lenses or glasses that would project (投射) virtual images onto the real world． He also thought the glasses might display a complete virtual reality that we could touch and interact with． Virtual reality (VR) technology isn’t nearly this good yet． To be fair, Kurzweil correctly predicted that AI would beat humans at chess and that we’d switch to digital books and music and movies． So maybe realistic VR is just around the corner? 26．What can we learn from the article? A．Arthur Summerfield believed that email would be a common way to communicate． B．Glenn T． Seaborg thought apes were cleverer than robots and could do daily tasks for us． C．According to Alex Lewyt, people would run out of coal to produce power in the future． D．Marcellin Berthelot predicted that food in the future would be made in pill form． 27．What does the writer mean by saying “What did he think people would do with the nuclear waste? ” A．The idea of using nuclear power to run vacuums is not practical． B．It was a creative idea to use nuclear power to run vacuums． C．Nuclear power is of great importance to people’s daily life． D．Alex Lewyt has already found ways to deal with nuclear waste． 28．The article is mainly about ________． A．some successful inventions in history B．five predictions about future technology C．some developments about future technology D．predictions about the future of science fiction B Imagine waking up to find a cup of coffee ready and floor swept． With smart devices (裝置) controlled by AI． All housework can be done while you are asleep． Now your kids can try these devices at the small home, show in our community science center from August lst to August 14th． Here in the center we have many fun activities． Children can also try out cleaning robot Little Q． It is a cute robot with a round head, two big eyes and two long legs． It’s like a big toy, Your children will love it． Opening Hours:1:00 p．m．-9:00 p．m, from Tuesday to Sunday, closed on Monday． Visitors: People of all ages are welcome． Children under 12 should come along with their parents． No pets are allowed． Food & Drinks: No outside food or drinks． Visitors can buy food and drinks in the center． Tickets: Please call 769520 to book a ticket． Kindly note that You CAN’T book a ticket on our website or through e-mail． And it is NOT possible to buy a ticket at our ticket office as it is closed． 29．What can the smart devices in Paragraph l do? A．Farming． B．Business． C．Housework． D．Schoolwork 30．What does Little Q look like? A．B． C． D． 31．Who can be allowed to visit the center? A．A man with a cat． B．An 8-year-old boy alone． C．A man with his 3-year-old son． D．A girl with food from outside． C A U． S． -French satellite has been sent up with a mission to map all the world’s oceans, lakes, rivers and other waterways． It’s called SWOT (Surface Water and Ocean Topography)． It went into space on Friday, Dec． 16, 2022． Scientists hope data from the satellite will help them to watch how climate change is adversely (不利地) changing water levels． The U． S． broadcaster PBS said, “The satellite is needed more than ever, as climate change brings worse droughts, flooding and coastal erosion (腐蝕)．” A NASA spokesperson spoke of the mission’s importance． She said, “It’s a pivotal moment． We’re going to see Earth’s water like we’ve never seen it before．” The SWOT satellite is only about the size of an SUV car． It took 20 years to develop, at a cost of $1．2 billion． High-precision radar (雷達) equipment will measure the height of water on over 90 per cent of Earth’s surface． It will survey millions of lakes, as well as 2．1 million kilometers of rivers． Scientists will find potential (潛在的) areas of water loss that could influence local populations and coastlines． NASA said SWOT is a great upgrade (升級)． A spokesperson said, “SWOT will give us a 10-fold improvement in the accuracy (精準度) of our measurements of water height．” It will help scientists to better understand “the critical role the oceans play in climate change”． 32．What’s SWOT? A．A broadcaster． B．A mission． C．A satellite． D．A waterway． 33．What does the underlined word “pivotal” mean in Paragraph 2? A．無奈的 B．愉快的 C．艱難的 D．關鍵的 34．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Climate change is harmful to the earth． B．The SWOT satellite is very big and costs a lot． C．The SWOT will help scientist to control water levels． D．People never use satellites to measure water height before． 35．In which way the writer introduces SWOT in the last paragraph? A．Making descriptions． B．Giving examples． C．Listing numbers． D．Drawing charts． D ①After winning the bid to host the 2022 Winter Olympics, China has been trying hard to hold a high-tech Winter Games． Now, as the Games are coming nearer, viewers can learn how innovative technologies are being used, especially in building venues(體育比賽場館)． ②For example, how the National Aquatics Center, also known as the “Water Cube(立方)”, was turned into the “Ice Cube”． The “Water Cube” was built to host aquatic(水上運動的) events for the Beijing 2008 Summer Olympic Games． Now, the stadium will also host the curling(冰壺) events for the Beijing 2022 Winter Games． ③The main change is to turn the swimming pool into a four-lane curling rink(冰場)． According to Xinhua, the transformation(轉變) will be completed by using a quick-disassembly(快速拆卸) system． Simply put, the water will be drained(抽干) from the pool and then a convertible frame(可移動的支架) will be built and put inside． The frame is made up of 2,600 H-shaped steel columns(鋼柱) and has a height of three meters and a length of two meters, China News Service reported． ④Such transformation is an example of China’s mission(使命) to hold a “Green Games” by using sustainable(可持續(xù)的) technology for its Olympics venues． ⑤Another major technology can be seen at the National Speed Skating Oval(NSSO)． The stadium is also known as the “Ice Ribbon(絲帶)”． It is the only newly-built ice spots venue for the Games． ⑥Traditionally, freon(氟利昂), which is harmful to the environment, was used in the ice-making process． But NSSO uses an environmentally friendly technology which uses carbon dioxide(CO2) to make ice． For “Ice Ribbon” with an ice surface area of 12,000 square meters, the effect of using the new technology in reducing carbon emissions(排放) is the same as planting over 1．2 million trees, People’s Daily reported． The new technology will also be used in other stadiums including the Capital Indoor Stadium and Wukesong Sports Center． ⑦“We sincerely wish that all athletes can achieve good results at the high-tech venues during the Games,” Yu Hong, head of the technical department of the Beijing 2022 Organizing Committee, told Xinhua． 36．How many stadiums are mentioned in this article? A．Two． B．Three． C．Four． D．Five． 37．The underlined word “innovative” in Paragraph 1 means ________． A．革新的 B．流行的 C．想象的 D．科幻的 38．What event was probably held in “Water Cube” in 2008? A．Table tennis． B．Diving． C．Curling． D．Volleyball． 39．According to Paragraph 6, carbon dioxide is used in the ice-making process instead of freon because ________． A．it is harmful to the environment B．it helps plant 1．2 million trees C．it reduces carbon emission D．it is also used in other ice stadiums 40．The structure of the passage may be ________． A． B． C． D． 非選擇題（共50分） 四、填空（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分） A）根據(jù)括號中所給的漢語寫出單詞，使句子意思完整正確，并將答案填寫在答題卡標號為41—45的相應位置上。 41．Driving after drinking can increase the (風險) of traffic accidents． 42．One of the ______________ (不利條件) of living in the countryside is that you can’t buy everything you want easily． 43．I have no idea _______________ (是否) to stay or leave at the moment． 44． your answers with those in your book to see if they are right． (比較) 45．A foreign language cannot be learned (迅速地), it must be learned step by step． B）根據(jù)句子意思，用括號中所給單詞的適當形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡標號為46—50的相應位置上。 46．Telling a complete (strange) about your life is difficult． 47．Astronauts should be careful enough (carry) out researches in space． 48．We all hope to live in a less (pollute) world, so it’s time for us to go green now． 49．—Is there any (possible) that you pick me on your way to work? —No problem． 50．In China, “nodding” means (agree)． But in Bulgaria, it means the opposite． C）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從下面方框中選擇適當?shù)膯卧~或短語填空，使短文內(nèi)容完整正確，并將答案填寫在答題卡標號為51—55的相應位置上。 Try to think about this: you sit down and begin to eat a tomato． Then the tomato starts to scream! It seems that this thing will never really 51 ． But a new study showed that plants make sounds when they are stressed． Scientists 52 that animals and insects may listen to the sounds． For example, the sounds can tell them whether a plant is stressed or not． An animal can also use the sounds to pick 53 plants to eat if it is hungry． Scientists also listened to other plants, 54 wheat and corn． They also made more sounds when stressed． Scientists said the study can help farmers 55 ． They can better take care of the crops by “hearing” how plants feel． 五、閱讀填空（共20小題，每小題1分，滿分20分） A）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容，在文章后第56—65小題的空格里填入一個最恰當?shù)膯卧~，并將答案填寫在答題卡標號為56—65的相應位置上。 注意：每個空格只填1個單詞。 What forms of transportation would you prefer when you travel, planes, train or cars? All of the above will be improved with 5G technology． Gacha, the word’s first all-weather robot bus in Finland, is a good example． Telecoms company Nokia has set 5G transmitters (信號發(fā)射器) in 15 lampposts(路燈柱) along 1-km route． These transmitters are then used to control buses, making them driverless and work perfectly even under difficult conditions—in the dark as well as rain, snow or mud． There are also 5G roads． These roads have 5G transmitters and cameras． They can provide many services． For example, the roads can tell electric car drivers where the nearest charging station (充電站) is． In Seoul, a smart management system is being used in one of the city’s underground stations． This system has many smart features, including a 3D map, sensors (傳感器) and modern camera system that make station more efficient and safer． Even airplanes will become smart in the near future． Airbus, one of the world’s biggest airplane makers, is working on new airplanes that will have many sensors and 5G transmitters． The sensors will keep track of (了解……的動態(tài)) many things, such as whether the toilet needs to be cleaned, or whether passengers have fastened their seat belts． We believe that 5G will bring a bright future for smart traveling． 5G technology makes travelling smart B）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，填寫所缺單詞，并將答案填寫在答題卡標號為66—75的相應位置上。 On Oct 16th, 2021, China launched the Shenzhou XIII mission to the Tiangong space station early in the morning, m 66 the start of the longest spaceflight of China． About 9 hours after the launch, the three m 67 —Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu—entered the station’s core module (核心艙), named Tianhe． They started their six-month journey inside the station f 68 then on． Wang Yaping is China’s s 69 female astronaut to take part in a spaceflight． In the Shenzhou XIII flight, she is the first Chinese woman to carry out a spacewalk． A lot of tasks will be c 70 by the three astronauts, according to Pang Zhihao, a spaceflight researcher in Beijing． “They will carry out some tasks l 71 testing the life-support systems and health management plans． They will also check w 72 the Shenzhou spaceship can withstand (承受) a bad environment during a long-term flight,” he said． “The mission is valuable for China’s science community because it allows the astronauts to carry out some large in-orbit (在軌的) experiments．” The researcher said that female astronauts actually have many a 73 over male astronauts． “Women are usually more sensitive and careful in many ways, and normally are b 74 at communicating, which are useful in long-term flights． And a female astronaut usually b 75 more joy to a difficult task,” Pang said, noting he looks forward to Wang’s success． 六、書面表達（滿分15分） 從生物的解構、科幻小說的涌現(xiàn)、太極奧秘的探索、“嫦娥四號與玉兔”的中國式太空浪漫再到智能家居的日益普及。從古至今，人類對科學的追求從未止步?？茖W的不斷發(fā)展給你的生活帶來了怎樣的影響？請以“Science Shapes Our Life”為題寫一篇英語文章。內(nèi)容應包括： 1．你對該問題的理解； 2．你的一次親身經(jīng)歷； 3．你對未來科學的暢想。 注意： 1．詞數(shù)100； 2．內(nèi)容涵蓋要點，照抄本卷語篇不得分； 3．文中不得出現(xiàn)與考生相關的真實校名和姓名等信息。 Science Shapes Our Life ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ such as???believe???in the future???happen???properRobot busThe robot bus is 56 Gacha． It is the world’s first all-weather robot bus． Nokia has set 5G transmitters in lampposts along a l-km route． These transmitters control the buses that have no 57 ． They can work even under difficult conditions．5G roadsThese roads have 5G transmitters and cameras． They can 58 many services to people． Electric car drivers can 59 the nearest charging station through the roads．Management systemThe smart management system is being used in one of 60 underground stations． This system makes the station more efficient and safer 61 a 3D map, sensors and a modern camera system． 62 Airbus is making 63 airplanes that will have many sensors and 5G transmitters． The sensors will keep track of many things—whether the toilet needs 64 or whether passengers have fastened their seat belts．We believe that 5G will make the 65 of smart travelling brighter．參考答案 1．B 【詳解】句意：不要害怕改變，因為它會帶你走向一個新的開始。考查連詞辨析。if如果；because因為；though盡管；unless除非。根據(jù)“it’s leading you to a new beginning”可知后句是“不要害怕改變”的原因，應用because引導原因狀語從句。故選B。 2．C 【詳解】句意：我要給我媽媽一些特別的生日禮物。我想讓她開心?？疾榇~辨析和定語后置。something某事，多用于肯定句中；anything任何事，多用于否定句或疑問句中；nothing沒有什么，多用于否定句中。根據(jù)語境可知，此處是肯定句，用something，形容詞修飾復合不定代詞時需后置。故選C。 3．D 【詳解】句意：——對不起，我在演講比賽中沒有獲獎?！獩]關系，畢竟，你已經(jīng)盡力了。 考查介詞短語。Thanks to由于；For example例如；In general一般來說；After all畢竟。根據(jù)“you’ve tried your best．”可知，此處是安慰對方，意為“畢竟，你已經(jīng)盡力了”。故選D。 4．A 【詳解】句意：——你必須聽從父母的建議，否則你會有受傷的風險?！堑摹Ｎ乙呀?jīng)放棄爬那座高山了?？疾槊~辨析。risk風險；choice選擇；step步驟；point要點。根據(jù)“I’ve given up climbing the high mountain．”可知，此處是指有受傷的風險，take a risk of“有……的風險”，故選A。 5．B 【詳解】句意：——二月春風似剪刀。——這首詩聽起來多么美妙??！在這首詩中，詩人把早春的風比作剪刀?？疾閯釉~辨析。connects連接；compares比較；contacts聯(lián)系；completes完成。根據(jù)“．．．the wind of the early spring to scissors”可知此處是把早春的風比作剪刀，compare…to為固定搭配，表示“把……比作……”。故選B。 6．A 【詳解】句意：約翰不是一個守信用的人。他沒有履行諾言，這使我們每個人都失望了。考查動詞短語。carry out執(zhí)行；find out查明；cut out切斷；put out撲滅。根據(jù)“John isn’t a man of his words．”可知此處指的是履行承諾，故選A。 7．A 【詳解】句意：——你能停止吸煙嗎？我很難受?！獙Σ黄?，我沒有注意到。考查形容詞辨析。uncomfortable令人不舒適的，不舒服的；usual通常的，慣常的；comfortable令人舒適的，舒服的；unusual不尋常的。根據(jù)“Can you stop smoking?”可知，因為旁人在吸煙，所以感到不舒服。故選A。 8．C 【詳解】句意：我住在匯通超市旁邊。對我來說在那里購物比在崇百超市更方便?？疾樾稳菰~辨析及形容詞比較級的用法。more crowded更擁擠；crowded擁擠的；more convenient更方便；convenient方便的。根據(jù)“I live next to a Huitong supermarket．”可知在這里購物更方便，根據(jù)“than”可知此處需使用形容詞convenient的比較級。故選C。 9．A 【詳解】句意：——邁克，去確認煙霧報警器是否正確安裝，是否能正常工作。——好的。我去檢查一下。 考查副詞辨析。properly正確地；probably可能；especially尤其；specially特意地。根據(jù)“put in and will work well．”可知是要正確安裝煙霧報警器，它才能正常工作。故選A。 10．D 【詳解】句意：顏寧，中國最偉大的女科學家之一，因其在醫(yī)學領域的成就而備受尊敬?？疾楦痹~辨析。closely緊密地；smoothly順滑地；rapidly快速地；highly高度地。根據(jù)“respected for her achievements to the field of medicine．”可知是因為成就而備受尊敬，highly respected“備受尊敬”。故選D。 11．B 【詳解】句意：——一些貧困地區(qū)的孩子讀書很少，因為他們買不起書?！軐?。讓我們?yōu)樗麄兪占恍┒謺??？疾閯釉~辨析。affect影響；afford買得起；increase增加；lead引領。根據(jù)“Some children in poor areas read a little because they can’t．．．to buy books．”可知貧困地區(qū)孩子讀書少，因為他們買不起書。故選B。 12．D 【詳解】句意：許多人認為合肥發(fā)展迅速，這要歸功于在這里工作的所有人。考查副詞辨析。luckily幸運地；recently最近；nearly幾乎；rapidly快速地。根據(jù)“thanks to all the people working here．”可知是指發(fā)展迅速。故選D。 13．B 【詳解】句意：——剛才和王先生談話的那個人是誰？——我不認識他。他對我來說是個陌生人?？疾槊~辨析。teacher教師；stranger陌生人；friend朋友；doctor醫(yī)生。根據(jù)“I don’t know him．”可知，此處指的是“他是一個陌生人”。故選B。 14．C 【詳解】句意：我覺得你的主意太好了。我們在這一點上意見一致。考查名詞辨析。silence沉默；trouble麻煩；agreement同意，一致意見；doubt懷疑。根據(jù)“I think your idea is so good．”可知，你的想法很好，因此我們意見一致，應用agreement。故選C。 15．A 【詳解】句意：我在找我哥哥上個月給我的詞典?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。句子是定語從句，先行詞是dictionary，關系詞在從句中作賓語，用that引導定語從句。故選A。 16．D 17．A 18．A 19．C 20．A 21．B 22．B 23．D 24．A 25．C 【導語】本文主要介紹了智能城市，同時介紹了智能科技在世界一些城市的使用情況及優(yōu)勢；并提到了智能城市的發(fā)展前景。 16．句意：當你去購物中心時，你可以在那里享受免費的Wi-Fi。 ask問；find找到；offer提供；enjoy享受。根據(jù)“When you go to a shopping mall, you can…free Wi-Fi there．”可知，是享受免費Wi-Fi。故選D。 17．句意：2010年，科技公司IBM首次提出了智能城市的概念。 idea概念；fact事實；truth真相；question問題。根據(jù)“of a smart city was first suggested by tech company IBM in 2010．”可知，這里指的是智能城市這一“概念”是被科技公司IBM首次提出的。故選A。 18．句意：一般來說，智能城市是指使用5G網(wǎng)絡和“物聯(lián)網(wǎng)”等數(shù)字技術來改善城市規(guī)劃，節(jié)省資金和資源，使我們的生活更方便的城市。 that關系代詞，指物，作主語或賓語；who關系代詞，指人，作主語或賓語；what不引導定語從句；where關系副詞，作狀語。該句是定語從句，先行詞是“city”，從句中“uses digital (電子的) technology,”缺主語，故選A。 19．句意：波士頓、阿姆斯特丹和哥本哈根等城市已經(jīng)在使用智能技術來改善公共服務。 as作為；for為了；like比如；from從。根據(jù)“Boston, Amsterdam and Copenhagen are already using smart technology to improve public services．”可知，后文開始舉例，介詞like符合語境，故選C。 20．句意：在美國波士頓和巴爾的摩等城市，智能垃圾桶可以感應到里面有多滿，并在需要清理的時候告訴工作人員。 full滿的；dirty臟的；polluted受污染的；expensive貴的。根據(jù)“smart rubbish bins (桶) can sense how”以及“ tell workers when they need to be cleaned．”可知，指的是智能垃圾桶可以感應到里面有多滿，故選A。 21．句意：交通堵塞少了。 less更少，修飾不可數(shù)名詞；fewer更少，修飾可數(shù)名詞；busier更忙；heavier更重。根據(jù)“In Amsterdam, traffic is monitored (監(jiān)測) and adjusted according to real-time data gathered from sensors around the city．”可知，設空處應該說交通堵塞更少了，“traffic jams”為可數(shù)名詞。故選B。 22．句意：智能城市將使我們節(jié)約資源。 use使用；save節(jié)約；invent發(fā)明；discover發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)“Smart cities will allow us”并結合語境可知，智能城市將使我們節(jié)約資源。故選B。 23．句意：例如，水和煤氣管道可以在有泄漏時提醒維修工人。 warn警告；obey遵守；create創(chuàng)造；remind提醒。根據(jù)“By using sensors and 5G networks to check the usage of water, gas and electricity…use these resources more efficiently．”以及“repair workers when there is a leak (泄漏)．”可知，此處指的是有泄漏時提醒維修工人。故選D。 24．句意：當然，建設未來的智能城市需要時間。 it它；this這個；that那個；they他們。根據(jù)“will take time to build the smart cities”可知，該句是固定句型“it takes time to do sth”，因此設空處填it作形式主語。故選A。 25．句意：但由于我們已經(jīng)看到了成功的例子，不久之后就會有更多的城市加入進來。 since自從；after在……以后；before在……之前；unless除非。根據(jù)“it won’t be long”并結合語境可知，此處指的是有更多的城市加入智能城市的時間不會太久，it won’t be long before“……不久就……”，故選C。 26．D 27．A 28．B 【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了五種曾經(jīng)的預言內(nèi)容及其現(xiàn)狀，包括：火箭郵件、猿猴工人、核能真空吸塵器、藥丸式膳食、虛擬現(xiàn)實。 26．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“In 1894, the chemist Marcellin Berthelot predicted that people of the future would get all the nutrition (營養(yǎng)) they needed in pill form”可知，Marcellin Berthelot曾預言，未來的食物將會以藥丸的形式被制造出來。故選D。 27．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“Alex Lewyt, the president of a vacuum cleaner company, predicted that within 10 years nuclear power would run vacuums． What did he think people would do with the nuclear waste?”可知，Alex Lewyt曾經(jīng)語言：在 10 年內(nèi)，真空吸塵器將由核能驅(qū)動，但人們無法處理核廢料，所以此預言是不切實際的。故選A。 28．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了五種未來技術的預言。故選B。 29．C 30．D 31．C 【導語】本文向我們介紹社區(qū)科學中心的活動。 29．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“All housework can be done while you are asleep．”可知，所有的家務都可以在你睡覺的時候做。故選C。 30．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Children can also try out cleaning robot Little Q． It is a cute robot with a round head, two big eyes and two long legs．”可知，小Q是一個可愛的機器人，圓圓的腦袋，兩只大眼睛和兩條長腿。故選D。 31．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Visitors: People of all ages are welcome． Children under 12 should come along with their parents． No pets are allowed．”和“Food & Drinks: No outside food or drinks．”可知，歡迎各個年齡層的人，12歲以下兒童應與父母一同前往，寵物禁止入內(nèi)。所以一個男人和他三歲的兒子可以入內(nèi)，故選C。 32．C 33．D 34．A 35．C 【導語】本文主要介紹了一顆名叫SWOT的衛(wèi)星已經(jīng)被發(fā)射，其任務是繪制世界上所有的海洋、湖泊、河流和其他水道的地圖。 32．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“A U． S． -French satellite has been sent up with a mission to map all the world’s oceans, lakes, rivers and other waterways． It’s called SWOT”可知，SWOT是指的一顆衛(wèi)星。故選C。 33．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“A NASA spokesperson spoke of the mission’s importance． She said, ‘It’s a pivotal moment． We’re going to see Earth’s water like we’ve never seen it before．’”可知，美國宇航局發(fā)言人談到了這次任務的重要性，因此這應該是一個關鍵的時刻，劃線單詞表示“關鍵的”。故選D。 34．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Scientists hope data from the satellite will help them to watch how climate change is adversely (不利地) changing water levels．”及“The satellite is needed more than ever, as climate change brings worse droughts, flooding and coastal erosion (腐蝕) ．”可知，氣候的變化對地球有害。故選A。 35．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“It took 20 years to develop, at a cost of $1．2 billion． High-precision radar (雷達) equipment will measure the height of water on over 90 per cent of Earth’s surface． It will survey millions of lakes, as well as 2．1 million kilometers of rivers．”可知，最后一段是通過列數(shù)字來介紹SWOT的。故選C。 36．C 37．A 38．B 39．C 40．C 【導語】本文主要講述了中國在體育館建設上面使用的高科技。 36．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Water Cube(立方)”、“National Speed Skating Oval(NSSO)．”以及“Capital Indoor Stadium and Wukesong Sports Center．”可知文章提到了4個體育館，故選C。 37．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“technologies are being used, especially in building venues(體育比賽場館)．”可知是指在建造場館上的創(chuàng)新技術，故選A。 38．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The ‘Water Cube’ was built to host aquatic(水上運動的) events for the Beijing 2008 Summer Olympic Games．”可知水立方里都是水上運動的項目，所以跳水屬于水上運動，故選B。 39．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ But NSSO uses an environmentally friendly technology which uses carbon dioxide(CO2) to make ice． For ‘Ice Ribbon’ with an ice surface area of 12,000 square meters, the effect of using the new technology in reducing carbon emissions(排放) is the same as planting over 1．2 million trees”可知在制冰過程中使用二氧化碳而不是氟利昂，因為它可以減少碳排放。故選C。 40．篇章結構題。本文第一段是總領全文，介紹了在贏得2022年冬奧會主辦權后，中國一直在努力舉辦一屆高科技冬奧會；第二、三、四段介紹了在建造水立方上，創(chuàng)新技術是如何被使用的；第六、七段介紹了國家速滑館中的技術使用；最后一段是表達祝愿。故選C。 41．risk 【詳解】句意：酒后駕車會增加交通事故的風險。risk風險，此處指交通事故的風險程度，所以為不可數(shù)名詞，結合句意，故填risk。 42．disadvantages 【詳解】句意：住在鄉(xiāng)下的不利條件之一是你不能輕易買到你想要的東西。不利條件： disadvantage，可數(shù)名詞；one of 后接名詞復數(shù)形式。故填disadvantages。 43．whether 【詳解】句意：我現(xiàn)在不知道是去是留。是否：if或whether，但主句有no等詞時，常用whether。故填whether。 44．Compare 【詳解】句意：將你的答案與你書中的答案進行比較，看看它們是否正確。compare“比較”，祈使句動詞用原形，故填Compare。 45．rapidly 【詳解】句意：一門外語不可能很快學會，它必須循序漸進地學習。根據(jù)中文提示可知，此處應該填入rapidly，意為“迅速地”，副詞，修飾動詞learn。故填rapidly。 46．stranger 【詳解】句意：告訴一個完全陌生的人關于你的生活是很難的。分析句子可知，由于“a complete”可知，橫線上是名詞，所以將strange變?yōu)閟tranger。故填stranger。 47．to carry 【詳解】句意：宇航員在太空進行研究時應該足夠小心。形容詞+enough+to+動詞原形表示“足夠……的去做”，結合提示詞可知，空處填to carry。故填to carry。 48．polluted 【詳解】句意：我們都希望生活在一個污染更少的世界里，所以現(xiàn)在是我們走向綠色的時候了。pollute“污染”，是動詞，此處是作定語修飾world，應用polluted“受污染的”。故填polluted。 49．possibility 【詳解】句意：——你有可能在上班的路上接我嗎？——沒問題。分析句子可知，此處應填名詞形式，possible的名詞形式為possibility“可能性”。故填possibility。 50．a(chǎn)greement 【詳解】句意：在中國，“點頭”表示同意。但在保加利亞，它的意思恰恰相反。根據(jù)“In China, “nodding” means．．．(agree)．”可知，在中國，“點頭”表示同意，此空應是agree的名詞形式agreement“同意”，為不可數(shù)名詞。故填agreement。 51．happen 52．believed 53．proper 54．such as 55．in the future 【導語】文章主要講述了通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)植物在有壓力時會發(fā)出聲音以及這項研究的益處。 51．句意：這件事似乎永遠不會真的發(fā)生。根據(jù)“Then the tomato starts to scream!”以及備選詞可知，此處指西紅柿會尖叫是不會發(fā)生的事。happen“發(fā)生”符合語境。故填happen。 52．句意：科學家們相信動物和昆蟲可能會聽到這些聲音。根據(jù)“For example, the sounds can tell them whether a plant is stressed or not．”以及備選詞可知，此處指科學家認為植物和動物能夠聽到這種聲音。believe“相信”符合語境，結合后文，用一般過去時。故填believed。 53．句意：如果動物餓了，它也可以用這些聲音挑選合適的植物吃。根據(jù)“An animal can also use the sounds to pick．．．plants to eat if it is hungry．”以及備選詞可知，此處指動物可以根據(jù)這些聲音挑選合適的植物吃。proper“合適的”符合語境。故填proper。 54．句意：科學家們還聽取了其他植物的意見，如小麥和玉米。根據(jù)“Scientists also listened to other plants,．．．wheat and corn．”以及備選詞可知，后文的小麥和玉米事前文其他植物的舉例。such as“例如”符合語境。故填such as。 55．句意：科學家們表示，這項研究可以在未來幫助農(nóng)民。根據(jù)“Scientists said the study can help farmers．．．”以及備選詞可知，此處指這項研究可以在未來幫助農(nóng)民。in the future“在未來”符合語境。故填in the future。 called/named 57．drivers 58．offer/give 59．find/know 60．Seoul’s 61．with 62．Airplanes 63．new 64．cleaning 65．future 【導語】本文介紹了5G在交通方式上的運用，使得出行更加智能化。 56．根據(jù)“Gacha, the word’s first all-weather robot bus in Finland, is a good example．”可知，Gacha是世界上第一輛全天候機器人公交車；call“稱呼”/name“取名”，符合語境，此處應用過去分詞，與is構成被動語態(tài)。故填called/named。 57．根據(jù)“These transmitters are then used to control buses, making them driverless and work perfectly even under difficult conditions”可知，這些發(fā)射器控制著沒有司機的公共汽車，即使在困難的條件下也能工作；driver“司機”，符合語境，此處應用復數(shù)表示泛指。故填drivers。 58．根據(jù)“They can provide many services． ”可知，它們給/提供人們許多服務；offer“提供”，offer sth． to sb．“給某人提供某物”；give“給”，give sth． to sb．“把某物給某人”。故填offer/give。 59．根據(jù)“For example, the roads can tell electric car drivers where the nearest charging station (充電站) is．”可知，電動汽車司機可以通過道路找到/知道最近的充電站；find“找到”，know“知道”，情態(tài)動詞can后接動詞原形。故填find/know。 60．根據(jù)“In Seoul, a smart management system is being used in one of the city’s underground stations．”可知，該智能管理系統(tǒng)正在Seoul的一個地鐵站中使用；修飾名詞應用名詞所有格。故填Seoul’s。 61．根據(jù)“This system has many smart features, including a 3D map, sensors (傳感器) and modern camera system that make station more efficient and safer．”可知，有3D地圖、傳感器和現(xiàn)代攝像系統(tǒng)，使得空間站更高效、更安全；with“帶有”，符合語境。故填with。 62．根據(jù)“Airbus is making ．．． airplanes that will have many sensors and 5G transmitters．”和“The sensors will keep track of many things．．．”可知，此處是介紹未來的智能飛機；airplane“飛機”，符合語境，此處應復數(shù)表示泛指，且首字母大寫。故填Airplanes。 63．根據(jù)“Airbus, one of the world’s biggest airplane makers, is working on new airplanes that will have many sensors and 5G transmitters．”可知，空客正在制造配備許多傳感器和5G發(fā)射器的新飛機；new“新的”，符合語境，作定語修飾名詞。故填new。 64．根據(jù)“sensors will keep track of (了解……的動態(tài)) many things, such as whether the toilet needs to be cleaned, or whether passengers have fastened their seat belts．”可知，傳感器將跟蹤許多事情——廁所是否需要清洗，或者乘客是否系好了安全帶；clean“清潔”，動詞；need doing sth．“需要做某事”。故填cleaning。 65．根據(jù)“We believe that 5G will bring a bright future for smart traveling．”可知，5G將創(chuàng)造智能旅行的未來；future“未來”，符合語境。故填future。 (m)arking 67．(m)embers 68．(f)rom 69．(s)econd 70．(c)ompleted 71．(l)ike 72．(w)hether 73．(a)dvantages 74．(b)etter 75．(b)rings 【導語】本文主要介紹了10月16日清晨，中國向天宮空間站發(fā)射了神舟十三號任務，宇航員們在太空創(chuàng)造了歷史。 66．句意：2021年10月16日，中國一早將神舟十三號發(fā)射到天宮空間站，標志著中國最長時間的太空飛行的開始。根據(jù)“China launched the Shenzhou XIII mission to the Tiangong space station early in the morning．．．the start of the longest spaceflight of China”以及首字母可知神舟十三號的發(fā)射標志著中國最長時間的太空飛行的開始，mark“標志”，句中已有謂語動詞“l(fā)aunched”，此處用非謂語動詞，此處用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，表示主動關系。故填(m)arking。 67．句意：發(fā)射約9小時后，翟志剛、王亞平、葉光富三人進入空間站核心艙天河。根據(jù)“Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu”以及首字母可知這是神舟十三號的成員，數(shù)詞three后加名詞復數(shù)members“成員”。故填(m)embers。 68．句意：從那時起，他們開始了他們在太空站為期六個月旅程。from then on“從那時起”，固定用法。故填(f)rom。 69．句意：王亞平是中國第二位參加太空飛行的女宇航員。根據(jù)“Wang Yaping is China’s．．．female astronaut to take part in a spaceflight”以及首字母并結合常識可知，王亞平是第二位參加太空飛行的女宇航員，表示順序用序數(shù)詞second“第二”。故填(s)econd。 70．句意：很多任務將由三位宇航員完成。根據(jù)“They will carry out some tasks”可知三位宇航員要完成很多任務，此處用過去分詞completed“完成”和前面的be動詞構成被動語態(tài)。故填(c)ompleted。 71．句意：他們將執(zhí)行一些任務，例如測試生命支持系統(tǒng)和健康管理計劃。根據(jù)“testing the life-support systems and health management plans”可知這是舉例說明了一些他們的任務，用介詞like。故填(l)ike。 72．句意：他們還將檢查核心艙和神舟飛船在長期飛行中是否能承受惡劣環(huán)境。根據(jù)“check．．．the Shenzhou spaceship can withstand (承受) a bad environment during a long-term flight”以及首字母可知，句子是賓語從句，表示是否能夠承受惡劣環(huán)境，用whether引導賓語從句。故填(w)hether。 73．句意：研究人員說，女性宇航員實際上比男性宇航員有很多優(yōu)勢。根據(jù)“Women are usually more sensitive and careful”可知這是女宇航員的優(yōu)勢，many后加名詞復數(shù)advantages“優(yōu)勢”。故填(a)dvantages。 74．句意：女性通常在很多方面更敏感、更細心，通常更善于溝通，這在長期飛行中很有用。根據(jù)“Women are usually more sensitive and careful in many ways, and normally are．．．a(chǎn)t communicating”可知女性有許多優(yōu)勢，她們比男性更擅長溝通，應用比較級，be better at．．．“更擅長”。故填(b)etter。 75．句意：女宇航員通常會給一項艱巨的任務帶來更多的樂趣。根據(jù)“And a female astronaut usually．．．more joy to a difficult task”可知女宇航員會帶來樂趣，描述客觀情況，用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是名詞單數(shù)，動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)brings“帶來”。故填(b)rings。 六、書面表達（滿分15分） 例文 Science Shapes Our Life In the last few decades, science has developed at high speed, and played an important role in our daily lives． It is the development of science that allows us to understand ourselves and the world around us better, create many inventions that help us live better． Recently, my family decided to embrace the future of transportation by purchasing a new energy vehicle． I find the electric car seems to be faster and smoother compared with a petrol car． Furthermore, new energy vehicles use electric energy as a power source． Electricity can be obtained through a variety of ways, including renewable energy such as solar and wind energy, so the popularity of electric vehicles has a positive impact on the environment． Looking ahead, the future of science appears promising, with endless possibilities waiting to be explored and discovered． Advances in fields such as artificial intelligence, biotechnology, and space exploration hold the potential to revolutionize the way we live, work, and interact with the world around us． 【詳解】[總體分析] ①題材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②時態(tài)：時態(tài)為“一般過去時”和“一般現(xiàn)在時”； ③提示：寫作要點已給出，考生應注意不要遺漏信息，可適當補充細節(jié)，并突出寫作重點。 [寫作步驟] 第一步，總體介紹科學發(fā)展帶給生活什么樣的影響； 第二步，講述科學發(fā)展影響自身生活的經(jīng)歷； 第三步，表達對未來科學的暢想。 [亮點詞匯] ①play an important role in在……中起重要作用 ②allow sb． to do sth．允許某人做某事 ③compared with與……相比 ④have a positive impact on對……有積極的影響 [高分句型] ①It is the development of science that allows us to understand ourselves and the world around us better, create many inventions that help us live better．（強調(diào)句） ②I find the electric car seems to be faster and smoother compared with a petrol car．（省略that的賓語從句） ③…h(huán)old the potential to revolutionize the way we live, work, and interact with the world around us．（省略that的定語從句）

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